Academic literature on the topic 'World politics – 20th century – Poetry'
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Journal articles on the topic "World politics – 20th century – Poetry"
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Sokolov, Oleg A. "Unsheathing Poet’s Sword Again: The Crusades in Arabic Anticolonial Poetry before 1948." Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Asian and African Studies 14, no. 2 (2022): 335–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.21638/spbu13.2022.211.
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Both Arab and Western scholars agree that, starting in the mid-20th century, the correlation of Western Europeans with the Crusaders and the extrapolation of the term “Crusade” to modern military conflicts have become an integral part of modern Arab political discourse, and are also widely reflected in Arab culture. The existence of works examining references to the theme of the Crusades in Arab social thought, politics, and culture of the second half of the 20th century contrasts with the almost complete absence of specialized studies devoted to the analysis of references to this historical era in Arab culture in the 19th century and first half of the 20th. An analysis of references to the era of the Crusades in the work of Arab poets before 1948 shows that, already in the period of the Arab Revival, this topic occupied an important place in the imagery of anti-colonial poetry, and not only in Egypt, Syria, and Palestine, historically attacked by the Crusaders, but also in other regions of the Arab world. If, before World War I, Arab poets only praised the commanders of the past who defeated the Crusaders, then afterwards the theme of the Crusades was also used to liken the European colonialists to the “medieval Franks”. The authors of the poems containing images from the era of the Crusades were, among others, the participants of the Arab Uprising of 1936–1939 and the Arab-Israeli War of 1947–1949, who set their goal with the help of poetry to mobilize the masses for the struggle.
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Khaybullina, Angelina Airatovna, Elvira Firdavilevna Nagumanova, and Kadisha Rustembekovna Nurgali. "Genre Strategy of Modern Russian-Language Poetry in Kazakhstan." International Journal of Criminology and Sociology 9 (April 5, 2022): 2609–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.6000/1929-4409.2020.09.321.
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At the end of the 20th century, the poetry of Kazakhstan made a great stride forward, which can be compared with the ideas of the cultural revolution. Unlike Russian poetry being changed throughout the 20th century, Kazakh poetry has made a breakthrough in its development only for the last two decades, allowing it to fit the conventions of modern world poetry. The present article aims at revealing the features of the functioning of the Russian-language poetry of Kazakhstan at the end of the 20th – the beginning of the 21st century. The authors of the article define those changes that have occurred in the genre strategy of modern poetry in Kazakhstan. The genre canon is generally accepted as one of the essential manifestations of the dialogue between different texts, being a kind of recognizable quote; simultaneously, it is deformed in the works by poets of the beginning of the 21st century. The transformation of genre traditions and canons engenders a unique phenomenon in modern poetry of Kazakhstan – "the poetry of philosophers." The poets such as Sergei Kolchigin, Indira Zaripova, Zhanat Baimukhametov tend to be attributed to this category. Also, modern Russian-language poetry is distinguished by the aspiration for collecting incredibly lyrical emotion and the same "extreme" interest in extra-literary events within the boundaries of one text. All these features bespeak the formation of another poetics in modern literature of Kazakhstan.
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Lo, Vivienne. "How can we redefine Joseph Needham’s sense of a world community for the 21st century?" Cultures of Science 3, no. 1 (March 2020): 58–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2096608320919525.
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In the middle of World War II, my father, Kenneth Lo, accompanied Joseph Needham on a lecture tour to Colchester Co-operative Society dedicated to the support of China’s war effort and to boycotting Japanese goods. They were comrades-in-arms, soft-left socialists, inspired by the Spanish Civil War, George Orwell and WH Auden alike to take up the pen and the campaign circuit. This article is a reflection on the politics and aesthetics of research, on decentring the Eurocentric narrative of the history of science, but also on the role of poetry in the quest for a better world. Grounded in socialist, Christian and 20th-century scientific utopian belief, All under Heaven was to be One Community. Post Needham, but in the Needham spirit, I ask what shared vision drives our research?
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Mulligan, Joseph. "Mediating Andean Modernity: The Literary Oracular in Muerte por el tacto by Jaime Saenz." Bolivian Studies Journal 26 (December 10, 2021): 83–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.5195/bsj.2021.252.
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Upon his return from Berlin in 1939, Jaime Saenz started working in La Paz for intelligence agencies and public relations offices of Bolivia and the United States, which led to correspondent positions with Reuters and McGraw-Hill World News. His trajectory into Cold War Bolivian state nobility seemed all but guaranteed. However, on the brink of this breakout moment, he renounced his job —and professionalism altogether— committing himself to a life of literature and alcoholism as his marriage unraveled. In response to repeated interventions, he justified his every loss with a further indictment of the precautious, which was an outgrowth of his belief in the existence of a higher truth that was both accessible and impervious to analytical reason. In this article, I ask how Saenz’s poetry from the 1950s metabolized the rhetoric of indictment which it had inherited from the Tellurism of the Chaco generation. How might Muerte por el tacto (1957) be symptomatic of a broader aim of restoring to modern poetry its oracular legitimacy? On what grounds did Saenz indict precautious defenders of historical culture? And how did such an indictment mediate “national energy” (Tamayo) as it came into language through the nativist discourse of the land? Paying focal attention to regimes of revelation in Saenz’s early poetry and the historical conditions of its production, this article updates a discussion among Transatlanticists about the legitimization of irrationalism in 20th-century poetics and politics by assessing the socio-symbolic value of the oracular in the regionalist discourse of modernism.
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Garbuzarova, Elena G. "Iran’s Soft Power Tools in Kyrgyzstan." RUDN Journal of Political Science 22, no. 1 (December 15, 2020): 22–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2313-1438-2020-22-1-22-31.
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The article examines the use of “soft power” tools used by Iran in relation to Kyrgyzstan. The analysis of the evolving fundamental concepts of Iranian foreign policy in Central Asia allowed us to trace a shift in the Islamic Republic’s international priorities in the region. Objective logic prompted the Iranian leadership to move from “exporting the Islamic revolution” to the pragmatic model of pursuing its national interests. Iran has consecutively incorporated soft power tools into its foreign policy activities in Central Asia. Given the pressure from the sanctions imposed by the United States, Iran attaches particular importance to improving the effectiveness of its soft power in order to expand cooperation horizons with the outside world. By the end of the 20th century, Iran’s leadership had already laid the foundations of its cultural diplomacy in the region, which mainly served to promote influence through the export of cultural values. The Iranian approach to soft power in world politics is based on the principles of reciprocity between different civilizations and peaceful coexistence of all countries and peoples. Through the Persian language, philosophy, literature and poetry, Iran influences the population of the Central Asian region, mainly the peoples sharing certain features with the Turkic-speaking world. Iran’s cultural and educational activities in Kyrgyzstan have demonstrated noticeable dynamics: the spread of soft power of the Islamic Republic of Iran in Kyrgyzstan is carried out through cultural institutions and educational projects. Despite the fact that Kyrgyzstan is culturally more inclined towards the Turkic world, the experience shows that Iran’s cultural values also find support among the population of the republic.
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Vinogradov, Igor. "“Romantic” Poprishchin: History of the Concept of N.V. Gogol Story “Diary of a Madman”. Part 1." Stephanos Peer reviewed multilanguage scientific journal 65, no. 3 (May 31, 2024): 34–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.24249/2309-9917-2024-65-3-34-70.
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The article is devoted to the study of the hardest for interpretation N.V. Gogol’s works the “St. Petersburg” story “Notes of a Madman.” The diary of a hero going crazy presents the combination of the elements of madness, comedy, romantic alogism, authorial irony, satire and high tragic pathos that gives this work the character of an artistic riddle, the solution of which is possible only with the help of a consistent integrated approach. Numerous reminiscences in the work of images from world literature, contemporary journalism and artistic literature are examined in detail. The long-term observations of researchers on the poetics of Gogol’s story are summarized. A connection is established between “Notes of a Madman” and the poem “Dead Souls” and “Reflections on the Divine Liturgy.” Gogol’s polemic with European romanticism developed in this work is explored in detail. Gogol contrasts the playful “spirituality” of the romantics, which leaves a person to the mercy of imagination and subjective opinions, with a truly spiritual understanding of life, based on the Holy Scriptures and church tradition. The article is a continuation, based on new material, of a research work begun in 2022 – “German romantic V.G. Wackenroder and the 20th century: artistic foresight N.V. Gogol” (published in the collection of the IWL RAS “Literary process in Russia in the 18th–19th centuries. Secular and spiritual literature”). An attempt has been made to present a holistic concept of the work and a wide range of fruitful research thoughts in its interpretation. The work consists of fifteen sections: 1. Problems of interpretation of the story; 2. Background and history of the creation of “Notes of a Madman”; 3. “Soulful City” “Notes...”; 4. Idleness, bribery, threat of “scolding”; 5. Diktat of fashion, red tape; 6. Neglect of spiritual growth; 7. Vanity and the possibility of repentance; 8. From “Notes of a Madman” to “Dead Souls” and “Reflections on the Divine Liturgy”; 9. Pseudoculture; 10. “Donquixoticism”; 11. Cervantes and Ariosto; 12. The circle of romanticism: poetry, politics, philosophy, mysticism; 13. “Notes of a Madman” and romantic madness; 14. Poprishchin and music; 15. “Popular theology”. Eleven of the fifteen sections are presented in this publication. The continuation of the article and the list of references will be published in the next issue of the journal.
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Pipes, Daniel. "The dictionary of 20th-century world politics." Orbis 38, no. 2 (March 1994): 323. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0030-4387(94)90057-4.
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Simic, Predrag. "World politics, globalization and the crisis." Medjunarodni problemi 65, no. 1 (2013): 24–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/medjp1301024s.
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In the early 21st century, globalization and the world economic crisis changed the balance of powers between the old (declining) and new (emerging) industrial states replacing the unilateral with a multilateral system of international relations and changing the way in which world politics was functioning. Globalization has increased the number of transnational problems (protection of human environment, international traffic and communications, flows of capital, energy, migrations, etc.) that require global governance. However, these trends also indicate that in the 21st century, international relations and world politics will function in a significantly different manner than they did within the bipolar and unipolar order, which characterized the second half of the 20th century.
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Shamilova, Shahnaz. "MODERN FRENCH AND AZERBAİJANİ POETRY AT THE LEVEL OF COMPARATİVİSTİCS." Scientific Journal of Polonia University 62, no. 1 (July 8, 2024): 104–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.23856/6214.
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In the article, the stages of development of Azerbaijani poetry from the 19th century to the 20th–21st centuries, which were accompanied by fundamental changes, were reviewed. It has been noted that the wars that took place at the beginning of the 20th century and the strict rules and regulations applied by the Soviet regime had an undeniable influence on our literature. It was at that time, during the years of Repression, prominent representatives of Azerbaijani poetry were subjected to political oppression and persecution, exiled and shot. The names of the poets who played a special role in the development of Azerbaijani poetic thought during the Soviet period were mentioned, and at the same time, the genre and form innovations they brought to our poetry were shown. Starting from the 60s, poets and writers began to deepen their view of man and his spiritual world. This movement, which began in literature for the sake of freedom of speech and thought, political thought, pluralism, national independence, and social justice, was continued in the 70s and 90s, and finally achieved its prospective goals with the acquisition of political sovereignty and state independence of Azerbaijan. The trend of critical realism that prevailed in Azerbaijani poetry in the 19th century was replaced by socialism- realism in the 20th century. The names of the leading representatives of this current have been mentioned. The article compares the similarities and differences of both French and Azerbaijani poetry of the 20th century in terms of literary trends, form, content, and genre, citing the names of poets and showing examples. In particular, the poems of the French surrealist poet Jacques Préver are compared to the poems of Rasul Rza and Huseyn Javid and Adil Mirseyid. The article also examines the form and content of the newest poets distinguished by their innovation in 21st century Azerbaijani poetry.
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Darenskiy, V. Yu. "Orthodox Poets of the Soviet Era: Aleksandr Solodovnikov, Vasily Nikitin, Sergey Averintsev, Elena Pudovkina." Orthodoxia, no. 2 (December 25, 2023): 136–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.53822/2712-9276-2023-2-136-169.
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The article explores the work of Orthodox poets during the Soviet era, particularly focusing on Aleksandr Solodovnikov, Vasily Nikitin, Sergey Averintsev, and Elena Pudovkina. It formulates a general principle of the poetic style of these authors as the principle of soul, word, and world transformation, realized through prayerful and confessional expressions. The distinctive feature of the resurging Orthodox poetry in the 20th century primarily lay in its pursuit of maximum immediacy, simplicity, and originality, deliberately transcending “literariness,” which was particularly burdensome for individuals of the 20th century. In turn, the analysis reveals that due to this aspiration for the primacy of the word, it unexpectedly proves to be far more complex than it appears at first glance. It carries not only profound meanings of Orthodox faith but also the deep tradition of Christian “literariness” in the best sense of the term—an active continuity with the texts of predecessors, reaching back to ancient Russian and Byzantine heritage. Moreover, it strives to reproduce the spirit of the Gospel’s word, as far as it is humanly possible. Literary creation for an Orthodox person is justified and beneficial only when it constitutes a part of their spiritual self-improvement and transmits the experience of this work to others. It represents the work of soul transformation by the grace of God, captured in the word. Spiritual poetry is traditional not only in content but also in form, oriented toward classical poetry of the 19th century as its model. In cases when it diverges from this model, it does not tend toward the modernism of the 20th century but, conversely, delves into the deep archaism of the early centuries of Christianity, sometimes directly aligning with the structure of the Gospel’s word and canonical church hymns. This is logical since the breakdown of classical poetic structure in the 20th century was a consequence of secularization—the despiritualization of the world and language. Accordingly, the reverse process inevitably led to the revival of the style of classical poetry and even its earlier form—the church poetry.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "World politics – 20th century – Poetry"
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Delshad, Ja'far. "Religion, politics and poetry in Najaf in the early 20th century." Thesis, SOAS, University of London, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.503512.
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Travis, Isabelle. "The poetry of pain : trauma, madness and suffering in post-World War II American poetry." Thesis, University of Reading, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.553108.
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Askew, Joseph Benjamin. "The status of Tibet in the diplomacy of China, Britain, the United States and India, 1911-1959." Title page, contents and abstract only, 2002. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09pha8356.pdf.
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"June 2002" Bibliography: leaves 229-270. This thesis examines the changes in diplomacy of China, the West, Tibet and India from 1911 to 1951, while Tibet functioned as an independent country, and during 1951 to 1959 while under Chinese control. Tibet maintained its own currency, government, armed forces and way of life until 1959. The thesis also examines the cultural shifts in the political, social and military spheres in these countries. It assumes that the general world trend in political life has been towards increasingly intolerant and extreme politics. If Tibet remains part of China with little chance of resuming independence, it is because the Chinese government and people were quicker to adopt radical Western philosophies than the Tibetans were.
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Castle, Allan. "Collusion and challenge : major wars, domestic coalitions and revisionist states." Thesis, McGill University, 1997. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=41997.
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This dissertation examines the emergence of revisionism in the foreign policies of the great powers: it is concerned with the rise of 'challenger' states. Current approaches to the rise of challengers (arguments from 'structure', 'prudence', and 'historical sociology') are if generally useful also incomplete, leaving the emergence of several great power challengers not fully explained. This dissertation offers a new explanation, not as a replacement but as a complement to these theories, and in doing so accomplishes two tasks: first, it explains cases previously unaccounted-for; and second, it does so in a fashion that acknowledges the co-determination of domestic and international politics. The new model suggests that the seeds of challenges to international orders are often found in the wartime experience itself, in social pacts between elites and societal groups struck to achieve mobilization requirements. Violation of these pacts in the postwar period can in turn generate powerful political movements for the overthrow of both the domestic and international postwar orders. The explanation offered by this model is then applied to five cases of great power behaviour after major wars. While imperfect in its ability to account for great power behaviour in all these cases and thus requiring refinement, the model obtains sufficient support to warrant further exploration of these and other cases in future studies.
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Wasim, Naz. "Reconceptualising panregions at the end of the 20th century : a Pakistani perspective of world politics at the turn of the millennium." Thesis, University of Hull, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.402501.
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Mde, Vukani. ""Effulgent in the firmament" the politics of representation and the politics of reception in South Africa's 'poetry of commitment', 1968-1983." Thesis, University of Port Elizabeth, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/288.
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This dissertation re-examines an era in the production and reception of English language poetry in South Africa by black writers. Intellectually the 1970's was the Black Consciousness phase of South African history and very few aspects of life in the country were untouched by the intellectual movement led by Steve Biko and other young black student leaders. The aesthetic and literary output of the time, like all other facets of South African life, exhibited the influence and pressures brought to bear by Black Consciousness. Moreover, the Black Consciousness poets introduced the most vibrant and innovative phase for English language poetry produced in South Africa. It is my contention, however, that such vibrancy and innovation has consistently been compromised by unsympathetic, often hostile, and almost-always ill-informed criticism. The dissertation offers a critique of the academic and journalistic practice of criticism in South Africa. I argue that critical practice in South Africa has been engaged throughout the twentieth century in the discursive enforcement of ‘discipline’. In his Discipline and Punish (1977) the French post-structuralist philosopher Michel Foucault demonstrated how power is wielded against oppressed/suppressed groups through self regulated proscriptions, and argued that power is a discursive rather than a corporeal phenomenon. My dissertation follows Foucault in reading the critical reception of Black Consciousness poetry as the practice of disciplinary power. The dissertation also engages critically with the poetry of Oswald Mtshali, Mongane Serote and Sipho Sepamla, and argues that their work is the inscription of black subjectivity into the literary and cultural mainstream. It situates their work within wider 6 societal debates and definitions of ‘blackness’. In this regard use is made again of Michel Foucault’s insights and methodology of discourse analysis as shown in The Archaeology of Knowledge (1972). I argue that Oswald Mtshali’s work is a failed attempt at a dissection of apartheid and colonialism from a broadly Christian and humanist perspective. In my reading of Mongane Serote I explore the relationship between women’s bodies and the practice of representation. It is my contention that Serote is most concerned with claims of belonging, and this is shown through his extensive use of the trope of ‘Mother’. My discussion of the poetry of Sipho Sepamla focuses on language and (self- )representation, particularly the use of practices of naming in constructing subjectivity. My contention is that Sepamla ultimately abandons attempts at representation in favour of oppositional self-construction in language. In the concluding chapter I defend the thesis that the politics of discipline have prevented the broad critical establishment from gaining access to these discursive constructions of blackness in the committed poetry of South Africa.
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Milner, Wesley T. "Progress or Decline: International Political Economy and Basic Human Rights." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1999. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc2180/.
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This dissertation is a cross-national, empirical study of human rights conditions in a dynamic international political economy. The scope of the examination covers 176 developed and developing countries from 1980 through 1993. Through evaluating the numerous theoretical aspects of human rights conceptualization, I draw upon Shue's framework and consider whether there are indeed "basic rights" and which rights should fit into this category. Further, I address the debate between those who claim that these rights are truly universal (applying to all nations and individuals) and those who argue that the validity of a moral right is relative to indigenous cultures. In a similar vein, I empirically investigate whether various human rights are interdependent and indivisible, as some scholars argue, or whether there are inherent trade-offs between various rights provisions. In going beyond the fixation on a single aspect of human rights, I broadly investigate subsistence rights, security rights and political and economic freedom. While these have previously been addressed separately, there are virtually no studies that consider them together and the subsequent linkages between them. Ultimately, a pooled time-series cross-section model is developed that moves beyond the traditional concentration on security rights (also know as integrity of the person rights) and focuses on the more controversial subsistence rights (also known as basic human needs). By addressing both subsistence and security rights, I consider whether certain aspects of the changing international political economy affect these two groups of rights in different ways. A further delineation is made between OECD and non-OECD countries. The primary international focus is on the effects of global integration and the end of the Cold War. Domestic explanations that are connected with globalization include economic freedom, income inequality and democratization. These variables are subjected to bivariate and multivariate hypothesis testing including bivariate correlations, analysis of variance, and multiple OLS regression with robust standard errors.
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Perkins, Catherine. "The Shelf Life of Zora Cross." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/15882.
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Zora Cross (1890–1964) is considered a minor literary figure, but 100 years ago she was one of Australia’s best-known authors. Her book of poetry Songs of Love and Life (1917) sold thousands of copies during the First World War and met with rapturous reviews. She was one of the few writers of her time to take on subjects like sex and childbirth, and is still recognised for her poem Elegy on an Australian Schoolboy (1921), written after her brother was killed in the war. Zora Cross wrote an early history of Australian literature in 1921 and profiled women authors for the Australian Woman’s Mirror in the late 1920s and early 1930s. She corresponded with prominent literary figures such as Ethel Turner, Mary Gilmore and Eleanor Dark and drew vitriol from Norman Lindsay. This thesis presents new ways of understanding Zora Cross beyond a purely literary assessment, and argues that she made a significant contribution to Australian juvenilia, publishing history, war history, and literary history.
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Kinder, John Oliver. "Power in stalinist states: the personality cult of Nicolae Ceausescu." Thesis, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/91168.
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This study examines the Socialist Republic of Romania as a Stalinist state which employs a personality cult. The leader of a state is the focus of a personality cult, but he does not enjoy the status it gives without consent from elsewhere within the government. In order to determine where this power comes from, three possible sources are discussed. These are: Nicolae Ceausescu, president of Romania; the state bureaucracy; and the people. The Soviet Union, during the time of Stalin, is used as a comparative element. When Nicolae Ceausescu came to power he did so with the consent of the elite. As the Romanian elite are less inclined to support his policies, Ceausescu has had to continually take steps to stay ahead of the opposition. The Romanian people also lent their support to Ceausescu earlier, and have since become discontented with the regime. This study concludes that a leader with a personality cult must have some form of consent to come into power, but his personal characteristics will determine how he leads and whether or not he will be able to remain in power if that consent is withdrawn.M.A.
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Bruneau, Quentin. "Knowing sovereigns : forms of knowledge and the changing practice of sovereign lending." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2016. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:127b0026-030f-417d-9cb8-f871936d6227.
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This thesis examines how sovereign lending, i.e. the practice of lending capital to sovereigns, has changed since the early nineteenth century. It tackles this question by investigating how lenders have thought about sovereigns for the past two centuries, focusing on the tools they have used to know and represent them. I argue that there was a critical shift in the early twentieth century in terms of the kinds of knowledge lenders deployed to know sovereigns. This shift differentiates the old sovereign lending from the new. In the old sovereign lending, merchant banking families such as the Rothschilds knew sovereigns through intensely personal relations based on gentility, whereas in the new sovereign lending, joint stock banks, credit rating agencies and international institutions largely came to know sovereigns through statistics. Though difficult to imagine nowadays, the description of sovereigns through quantifiable facts (the original definition of 'statistics') was revolutionary for early twentieth century lenders. Despite constituting the origins of sovereign credit ratings, this key shift has been overlooked in all major studies about sovereign debt. The new sovereign lending rose to prominence from the interwar period to the 1970s and now defines our world. The identification of this crucial shift is based on the development and application of the concept of forms of knowledge. Forms of knowledge refer to enduring ways of knowing and representing the constituent units of the international system used by international practitioners (e.g. diplomats, military strategists, financiers, and international lawyers). Examples of forms of knowledge include, but are not limited to, modern cartography, international treaties, statistics, gentility, and heraldry. The use of this concept is that it leads to a better understanding of how international practitioners and their practices undergo radical changes. In so doing, it provides a firmer empirical grasp on the question of how fundamental discontinuities arise in international relations.
Books on the topic "World politics – 20th century – Poetry"
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Liska, George. In search of poetry in the politics of power: Perspectives on expanding realism. Lanham: Lexington Books, 1998.
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Dominic, Hibberd, and Onions John, eds. The winter of the world. London: Constable, 2007.
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Roman, Camille. Elizabeth Bishop's World War II-Cold War view. New York: Palgrave, 2001.
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1947-, Messerli Douglas, ed. The PIP anthology of world poetry of the 20th century. København: Green Integer, 2000.
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Rothney, John Alexander Murray, 1935-, ed. Twentieth-century world. 7th ed. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth Cengage Learning, 2011.
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Clarke, John. From feathers to iron: A concourse of world poetics. Bolinas: Tombouctou/Convivio, 1987.
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1948-, Williams Phil, and Calinger Ronald, eds. The dictionary of 20th-century world politics. New York: H. Holt, 1993.
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1948-, Daniel John, ed. Wild song: Poems of the natural world. Athens: University of Georgia Press, 1998.
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Praises & dispraises: Poetry and politics, the 20th century. New York, N.Y., U.S.A: Viking, 1988.
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1924-, Shapiro Harvey, ed. Poets of World War II. New York: Library of America, 2003.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "World politics – 20th century – Poetry"
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Wincencjusz-Patyna, Anita. "Chapter 5. From Halley’s Comet to the Scout Kwapiszon." In Children’s Literature, Culture, and Cognition, 123–43. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/clcc.17.05win.
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This chapter presents a historic review of the use of photomontage and photo-based collage in Polish books for children (fiction and poetry) in the 20th century. The earliest example dates from 1934, whereas the latest one is dated 1981. The chapter begins with an outline of the artistic background in the period 1918–1939, it gives a short typology of photo-based illustrations, and then analyses the only known examples of genuine photomontage created for children’s books before World War II, namely works by Aleksander Krzywobłocki and Jerzy Janisch in Kometa Halley’a (Halley’s Comet) by Alina Lan, and a sample of works by Franciszka and Stefan Themerson. The chapter continues through the period of the so-called Polish School of Illustration (1950s–1970s), paying special attention to Adam Kilian and Stanisław Zamecznik’s illustrations, and ends with a presentation of the extensive and varied use of photography in illustrations by Bohdan Butenko, one of Poland’s most prominent illustrators.
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Conners, Carrie. "Introduction." In Laugh Lines, 3–18. University Press of Mississippi, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.14325/mississippi/9781496839534.003.0001.
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The introduction shows that humor became a powerful political tool during the last half of the 20th century for poets who fought, or at least scoffed at, the establishment and dominant cultural narratives. Poets, like many stand-up comics working contemporaneously, voiced controversial issues, spoke for marginalized people, and encouraged others to explore difficult subjects through their humor. For grounding, it surveys different types of poetry widely recognized as political and offers a brief synopsis of how theories of humor facilitate analysis of political critiques. The introduction posits that the interplay between humor and poetic genre creates special opportunities for political critique as poetic genres invoke the social constructs that the poets deride. It concludes that integral to the humor in the poetry analyzed in the book is the hope that if we laugh at what is wrong with our world and ourselves, we might be inspired to try and make things right.
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Dasgupta, Ranita Chakraborty. "Bangla Translations of Latin American Poetry: A Critical Study." In Contemporary Translation Studies, 47–108. CSMFL Publications, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.46679/978819484830103.
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The aim of this study is to map the reception of Latin American Poetry within the corpus of the Bangla world of letters for three decades, from 1980 to 2010. In the 1970s and the 1980s, the influence and reception of Latin American Literatures in Bangla was reflected primarily in the introductions to translations, preludes, and conclusions of translations. During the late 1960s and the early 1970s Latin American poets like Pablo Neruda, Victoria Ocampo, Octavio Paz, and Jorge Luis Borges had caught the attention of eminent Bangla poets like Bishnu Dey, Shakti Chattopadhyay, and Shankha Ghosh who started taking interest in their works. This interest soon got reflected in the form of translations being produced in Bangla from the English versions available. The next two decades saw the corpus of Latin American Literatures make a widespread entry into the world of academic essays, journals, and articles published in little magazines along with translations of novels, short stories and poetry collections by leading Bangla publication houses like Dey’s Publishing, Radical Impressions, etc. This period was marked by a proliferation of scholarship in Bangla on Latin American Literatures. By the 21st century, critical thinking in Latin American Literatures had established itself in the Bangla world of letters. This chapter in particular studies the translations of Latin American poetry by Bengali poets like Shakti Chattopadhyay, Subhas Mukhopadhyay, Bishnu Dey, Buddhadeb Bhattacharya, Shankha Ghosh, Biplab Majhi among many others. The analysis relates to issues they focus on including themes like self, modernity, extension of time and space, political and poetic resonances, and untranslatability. Through a step by step research of the various stages of translation activities in Bengal and Bangla, it traces how translations of Latin American Literatures begin to take place on literary grounds that had already become sites of engagement with these issues. The chapter further explores the ways in which all these poet-translators situate their translations in relation to the issues of concern. In addition, it also addresses the question of what they hence contribute to Bangla literature at large. I first chose to explore the ways in which these issues are framed in the reflections and debates on translation in India and Bengal in the 20th century. Thereon I have tried to show how these translations of Latin American poetry developed their own thrust in relation to these issues and concerns.
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Младеновић, Јелена. "МОЋ РЕЧИ У ИРОНИЧНОМ ДИСКУРСУ ПОЕЗИЈЕ НОВИЦЕ ТАДИЋА." In JEZIK, KNJIŽEVNOST, MOĆ/LANGUAGE, LITERATURE, POWER, 611–23. Filozofski fakultet u Nišu, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.46630/jkm.2023.40.
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Since the sixties of the 20th century, the line of ironic attitude towards reality has been stronger among a larger group of Serbian poets. The process of ironization is one of the frequent ways of transposing the world of reality into the world of poetry in the poetry of Novica Tadić, which is also confirmed by his autopoetic statements. We see irony here as a special figure, a trope and “a specific discursive tactic” (Dragan Stojanović) which expresses the power of the speaker̕s words according to the described content, in the case when the impotence of his action is inevitable. The superior position of the speaker in the communication situation is ensured by the distance and deviation from what is being talked about. Understood as a figure of thought, a polyphonic figure of discourse, where there is a gap between sign and meaning, said and thought (Krešimir Bagić), irony reflects the principle of twisting, inversion, or replacement by some kind of opposite. For Tadić, irony serves in the affective dimension of the act of reading, as a possibility of man̕s protection from evil (metaphysical and material), while at the same time it survives as a still suitable form of reckoning with the censorship of the repressive system, in which we can also see its political dimension (Linda Hutcheon). We will also show how it derives its meaning from the semantic environment and realized incongruity with the context.
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Brearton, Fran. "‘Knights of the Air’." In The Oxford Handbook of W.B. Yeats, 199—C14N95. Oxford University Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198834670.013.5.
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Abstract This essay explores Yeats’s relationship to the growing ‘air-mindedness’ of Ireland and the increasing prevalence of flight in the aftermath of the First World War. It investigates Gogarty’s improbable claim to have taken Yeats up in a plane in the 1920s, in the context of Ireland’s increasing emphasis on the perceived political, economic and physical benefits of flight. The essay traces Yeats’s Romantic inheritance, notably the Romantic conception of aerial vision and ascent, and his resistance to the ‘machine age’, as it informs his own aesthetics of ascent in the early decades of the 20th century. As one of the earliest authors of a ‘flight’ poem, ‘An Irish Airman Foresees His Death’ (1918), written without experience of flying, Yeats’s influence on the aviation poetry that became more prevalent after World War I is also delineated, alongside the extent to which he captured in his work some of the essence of how the ‘Knights of the Air’ were perceived.
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"Nationalist Thought and the Sri Lankan World." In Modernizing Composition: Sinhala Song, Poetry, and Politics in Twentieth-Century Sri Lanka, 19–33. University of California Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/luminos.27.b.
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Feldman, Walter. "Postlude: Music, Poetry, and Mysticism in The Ottoman Empire." In From Rumi to the Whirling Dervishes, 233–40. Edinburgh University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/edinburgh/9781474491853.003.0011.
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Rumi has been much appreciated as a Sufi poet throughout the Persianate World, from Bukhara and India to Iran itself. But today it is much less widely understood that Rumi’s legacy had no institutional basis in any of these countries. Through the Mevlevi Order of Dervishes this legacy had its center in the Seljuq and Karamanid states, and then the Ottoman Empire. Likewise, important elements of medieval Persianate Sufistic musical practices survived and were further developed in the Anatolian and later the Ottoman musical environments. Within this spiritual and cultural complex, human artistic creation held a highly significant role. Despite periods of political and economic instability, and the economic decline of most of Anatolia in relation to Istanbul and the European Ottoman provinces, the Mevlevis had both the cultural and economic resources to maintain the essence of this position for a period of over six centuries. In part due to their maintenance of the highest level of an Islamicate civilization close to its “classic” phase, the Mevlevis had the intellectual flexibility to help initiate the “locally generated modernity” of the long 18th century.They were also within its continuation under the harsher conditions of Western-oriented Ottoman modernity in the later 19th-early 20th centuries.
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Kaledin, Nikolai V., and Aleksej B. Elatskov. "The Origin and Formation of Political Geography in Russia." In DIGEST OF WORLD POLITICS. ANNUAL REVIEW. VOLUME 10, 614–26. St. Petersburg State University, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.21638/11701/26868318.39.
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The article considers such little-studied issues as the emergence and formation of political geography as a scientific and educational direction in Russia. The features of the genesis and development of political geography in Russia are shown in the framework of two scientific and educational paradigms — the state-describing (the end of the 1730s — the end of the 19th century) and the anthropogeographic (the end of the 19th century — the first third of the 20th century). The main ideas and scientists in each stage are outlined. A comparative analysis of the genesis of the term “political geography” in Russia and European countries is carried out.
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Garlick, Ben. "The Total Mountain." In The Mountain and the Politics of Representation, 211–32. Liverpool University Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/liverpool/9781837645060.003.0012.
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The work of 20th century Scottish author Nan Shepherd explores the relationships between nature, culture, landscape and the body. Widely regarded as an important figure in early 20th-century Scottish literature for her evocative poetry and fiction, Shepherd’s work has gained renewed attention following the re-publication and subsequent celebration of her nonfiction treatise The Living Mountain in 2009, by contemporary new nature writers such as Robert MacFarlane (2007; 2015). In this phenomenological meditation on walking in the Cairngorms of Scotland, Shepherd works through the sensory apparatus of her own body to consider the multiple ‘ways in’ to the mountainous plateau it affords. This chapter develops the notion of ‘the total mountain’ introduced within The Living Mountain, in concert with the lyrical evocations of landscape found throughout Shepherd’s prose and poetry, rooted in her own experiences of northeast Scotland’s environment. It figures her writing as offering, after Brian Massumi (2002), a series of ‘exemplars’, or ‘parables’, that both articulate and sensitise us to the affective qualities of space. The chapter presents Shepherd’s concept of ‘the total mountain’ as framing an alternative ontology of the mountainous as situated, excessive and alive with potential.
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Rady, Martyn. "7. World war and dissolution." In The Habsburg Empire: A Very Short Introduction, 94–108. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/actrade/9780198792963.003.0007.
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International politics in the later 19th and early 20th centuries was dominated by the ‘Eastern Question’: the legacy of the failing Ottoman Empire in the Balkans. ‘World war and dissolution: 20th century’ considers issues that led to the First World War, including the murder of Franz Ferdinand in Sarajevo, June 1914. To withstand the Russians, the Habsburg armies increasingly depended on German reinforcements. By passing strategic command of its forces to Wilhelm II in 1916, the Habsburg Empire’s fate was sealed. Franz Joseph’s nephew Karl was to be the last emperor. A final section gives a historical overview, asking whether the dissolution of the Habsburg Empire was inevitable.
Conference papers on the topic "World politics – 20th century – Poetry"
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Hajdinac, Sara. "Religious identity as the state’s tool in modification of public space and its identity: the Yugoslav concept of the two squares in Maribor." In International conference Religious Conversions and Atheization in 20th Century Central and Eastern Europe. Znanstveno-raziskovalno središče Koper, Annales ZRS, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.35469/978-961-7195-39-2_05.
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In 1934, after several years of struggle, the Orthodox community of Maribor was awarded a lot to construct a new sacral object on General Maister Square (then Yugoslavia Square) in Maribor, at the site of the recently removed monument dedicated to vice-admiral Wilhelm Tegetthoff. The square boasts a rich symbolic history, wherein the very names of the square have clearly indicated the identity of the city through time. The new government sought to modify public space in accordance with the new state – these spaces had to be given not only a Slovenian but also a Yugoslav outlook. The first modification was changing the square’s name to Yugoslavia Square, after which a Serbian Orthodox church was built in Serbian national architectural style by the architect Momir Korunović (1883–1969), who designed all three Serbian sacral objects in the province of Dravska Banovina (in Maribor, Ljubljana, and Celje). The Church of St. Lasarus was to be ideologically connected to the monument dedicated to King Aleksandar Karađorđević on Liberty Square, which would provide a clear Yugoslav identity to the city district. However, the construction of said monument was disabled by the beginning of the Second World War, while the church was destroyed by the Nazis in April 1941 and thus erased from local collective memory. Maribor was the northernmost city of Dravska Banovina and indeed the Kingdom of Yugoslavia, yet its public space still failed to reflect a “Yugoslav identity” in the 1930s. Local residents primarily identified as Roman Catholic, while the city was politically predominantly ruled by the Slovenian People’s Party which imposed additional difficulties on the process of selecting the new church’s location. This paper will, accounting for the city’s religious and political climate, present Maribor as a place that obtained one of the biggest and most prominently representative Orthodox sacral objects, despite the fact the Orthodox religion was not dominant in the area. The focus will be on the question of the role and reflection of the unitarian-centralist politics of Belgrade through religion (Orthodox faith) on public space modification, what factors and agents design such space (and memory of such space) and in what way, by analysing commissions and art styles within the context of public spaces of Maister Square and Liberty Square in Maribor.
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Fuentes, Gabriel. "The Politics of Memory: Constructing Heritage and Globalization in Havana, Cuba." In 2016 ACSA International Conference. ACSA Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.35483/acsa.intl.2016.60.
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Since granted world heritage status by the United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) in 1982, Old Havana has been the site of contested heritage practices. Critics consider UNESCO’s definition of the 143 hectare walled city center a discriminatory delineation strategy that primes the colonial core for tourist consumption at the expense of other parts of the city. To neatly bound Havana’s collective memory/history within its “old” core, they say, is to museumize the city as ”frozen in time,” sharply distinguishing the “historic” from the “vernacular.”While many consider heritage practices to resist globalization, in Havana they embody a complex entanglement of global and local forces. The Soviet Union’s collapse in 1991 triggered a crippling recession during what Fidel Castro called a“Special Period in a Time of Peace.” In response, Castro redeveloped international tourism—long demonized by the Revolution as associated with capitalist “evils”—in order to capture the foreign currency needed to maintain the state’s centralized economy. Paradoxically, the re-emergence of international tourism in socialist Cuba triggered similar inequalities found in pre-Revolutionary Havana: a dual-currency economy, government-owned retail (capturing U.S. dollars at the expense of Cuban Pesos), and zoning mechanisms to “protect” Cubanos from the “evils” of the tourism, hospitality, and leisure industries. Using the tropes of “heritage”and “identity,” preservation practices fueled tourism while allocating the proceeds toward urban development, using capitalism to sustain socialism. This paper briefly traces the geopolitics of 20th century development in Havana, particularly in relation to tourism. It then analyzes tourism in relation to preservation / restoration practices in Old Havana using the Plaza Vieja (Old Square)—Old Havana’ssecond oldest and most restored urban space—as a case study. In doing so, it exposes preservation/ restoration as a dynamic and politically complex practice that operates across scales and ideologies, institutionalizing history and memory as an urban design and identity construction strategy. The paper ends with a discussion on the implications of such practices for a rapidly changing Cuba.
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Scaeteanu, Ionut, and Adriana Malureanu. "SERIOUS GAMES DEVELOPMENT FRAMEWORK A FUNCTIONAL MODEL ON FLOOD SITUATIONS." In eLSE 2016. Carol I National Defence University Publishing House, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.12753/2066-026x-16-023.
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The changes that games have undergone during the 20th Century paved the way to modern eSports, or representations of the real world in the digital environment. Nowadays, market economies and profit-oriented strategies have taken over the economic environment. In this context, the eSports market and its unbelievable potential revenue couldn't have remained unnoticed. Video games comprise a wide range of genres, including "serious games", which have an educational purpose. The Serious Games industry has its own historians. Among them is Oliver Grau, who talks about "prehistorical" games. According to him, the history of video games begins with the invention of arcade machines, which have changed a lot over time, but are still based on the same principles. Not only do Serious Games entertain people, but they also serve educational purposes. The "Serious Games" title was adopted in Romania, too, to express and highlight their usefulness. These virtual simulations of circumstances that are more or less likely to occur in real life can be used in many fields, including those of education, industry, defense, heath, scientific research, projection, management, and politics. In the early 2000s, these activities were defined as "games that do not have entertainment, enjoyment or fun as their primary purpose". The first educational games consisted of sports competitions and board games. The concept then evolved to modern computer simulations. A great difference between Serious Games and other type of games is that the former are tailored to fit clients' needs and serve a predetermined purpose. They are not meant for the retail market, as clients - companies, local authorities, etc - decide how the applications look like, the purpose that they serve and their target audience. Serious Games are valuable assets in training and educating employees all over the world. The modern science of building and simulating real situations in virtual environments is a relatively new one, dating back to the early 2000s. Although this field has given rise to skeptical reactions from people who doubt that games can go beyond entertainment, an increasing number of important organizations use Serious Games as a training method. This confirms the idea that learning in the 21st Century has to keep up with the times.
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YEŞİLBURSA, Behçet Kemal. "THE FORMATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF POLITICAL PARTIES IN TURKEY (1908-1980)." In 9. Uluslararası Atatürk Kongresi. Ankara: Atatürk Araştırma Merkezi Yayınları, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.51824/978-975-17-4794-5.08.
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Political parties started to be established in Turkey in the second half of the 19th century with the formation of societies aiming at the reform of the Ottoman Empire. They reaped the fruits of their labour in 1908 when the Young Turk Revolution replaced the Sultan with the Committee of Union and Progress, which disbanded itself on the defeat of the Empire in 1918. Following the proclamation of the Republic in 1923, new parties started to be formed, but experiments with a multi-party system were soon abandoned in favour of a one-party system. From 1930 until the end of the Second World War, the People’s Republican Party (PRP) was the only political party. It was not until after the Second World War that Turkey reverted to a multiparty system. The most significant new parties were the Democrat Party (DP), formed on 7 January 1946, and the Nation Party (NP) formed on 20 July 1948, after a spilt in the DP. However, as a result of the coup of 27 May 1960, the military Government, the Committee of National Union (CNU), declared its intentions of seizing power, restoring rights and privileges infringed by the Democrats, and drawing up a new Constitution, to be brought into being by a free election. In January 1961, the CNU relaxed its initial ban on all political activities, and within a month eleven new parties were formed, in addition to the already established parties. The most important of the new parties were the Justice Party (JP) and New Turkey Party (NTP), which competed with each other for the DP’s electoral support. In the general election of October 1961, the PRP’s failure to win an absolute majority resulted in four coalition Governments, until the elections in October 1965. The General Election of October 1965 returned the JP to power with a clear, overall majority. The poor performance of almost all the minor parties led to the virtual establishment of a two-party system. Neither the JP nor the PRP were, however, completely united. With the General Election of October 1969, the JP was returned to office, although with a reduced share of the vote. The position of the minor parties declined still further. Demirel resigned on 12 March 1971 after receiving a memorandum from the Armed Forces Commanders threatening to take direct control of the country. Thus, an “above-party” Government was formed to restore law and order and carry out reforms in keeping with the policies and ideals of Atatürk. In March 1973, the “above-party” Melen Government resigned, partly because Parliament rejected the military candidate, General Gürler, whom it had supported in the Presidential Elections of March-April 1973. This rejection represented the determination of Parliament not to accept the dictates of the Armed Forces. On 15 April, a new “above party” government was formed by Naim Talu. The fundamental dilemma of Turkish politics was that democracy impeded reform. The democratic process tended to return conservative parties (such as the Democrat and Justice Parties) to power, with the support of the traditional Islamic sectors of Turkish society, which in turn resulted in the frustration of the demands for reform of a powerful minority, including the intellectuals, the Armed Forces and the newly purged PRP. In the last half of the 20th century, this conflict resulted in two periods of military intervention, two direct and one indirect, to secure reform and to quell the disorder resulting from the lack of it. This paper examines the historical development of the Turkish party system, and the factors which have contributed to breakdowns in multiparty democracy.