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Journal articles on the topic 'World travelers'
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Marini, Sri, Lu'Luwatin Rosdiana Aprilia, and Amalia Juliana Monika Intan. "Tren Solo Traveler Dalam Minat Berwisata Di Era New Normal: Perspektif Generasi Milenial." Barista : Jurnal Kajian Bahasa dan Pariwisata 9, no. 02 (2022): 78–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.34013/barista.v9i02.837.
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The easing of the pandemic conditions brought an opportunity for the tourism industry to start to rise from adversity. Social restrictions during the pandemic are slowly shifting to patterns of life in the new normal era. Behavior in the social order began to experience new adaptations, as well as in terms of travel. Previously, tourists tended to be in groups or in groups when carrying out travel activities, which changed with this new normal era. Solo traveler is a new trend in the world of tourism for reasons of safety and health. A self-contained experience with nature-based attractions that mostly resonate with millennial travelers. A solo traveler is a traveler who travels alone, even though the trip will establish new relationships with other people. Generation Y, also known as the millennial generation, is an actor in solo travelers where this generation has unique characteristics in lifestyle, attitudes, and a tendency to be open to all new sources of information. The emergence of the millennial generation is marked by the process of globalization that gave birth to gadgets. The formulation of the research problem is what is the trend of solo travelers from the perspective of the millennial generation and how is their interest in traveling in the new normal era. The purpose of this research is to explore the trends and interests of solo travelers from the perspective of the millennial generation in traveling on its period. Key informants in this study were internal informants from 3 managers from the selected tourism industry, as well as external informants, namely 15 solo travelers from the millennial generation aged 20-30 years as eligible sources who have roles as students, early jobbers or young parents to provide information. information about interest in traveling in the new normal era from each tourist attraction. The data analysis technique used in this research is qualitative data analysis which is carried out interactively through the process of data reduction, data display, and verification. The results show that the tourist interest of solo travelers from the millennial generation is a potential niche for tourism managers and developers, especially in the new normal era which focuses on the revival of tourism
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Brestovci, Meliha, Durim Abdullahu, and Faik Sahiti. "On British travelers in Albania from the Georgian era to Edwardian era: Studies and travelogue." Balkanistic Forum 31, no. 2 (2022): 242–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.37708/bf.swu.v31i2.16.
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This paper is a summary of the tradition of British travelers in Albania during the 19th century until the First World War. Referring to British history and British cultural traditions, these travelers are classified between two periods: from Georgian era to Edwardian era. British travelers began to visit Albania frequently, especially from the time of the rule of Ali Pasha Tepelena, through whose pasha’s territory traveled many British agents, missionaries, and adventurers, including the eminent poet Gordon Byron and his friend John C. Hobhouse, and Dr. Henry Holland. The first part of the paper deals with the main studies for travelogue literature, listing the authors and their studies according to the order and study approaches. As there are hundreds of books with travel notes from British travelers on Albania and Albanians, the second part of the article focuses only on some of the most famous British travelers, such as Edward Lear, Arthur Evans, Edith Durham, Henry N. Brailsford and Aubrey Herbert. The purpose of this paper is to make a chronological history of British travelers in Albania and historical literature on this literature genre of British travelers who traveled and describes Albania of late modernity.
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Juraturgunov, Husanjon, Murodjon Raimkulov, Young-joo Ahn, and Eunice Minjoo Kang. "World Heritage Site Tourism and Destination Loyalty along the Silk Road: A Study of U.S. Travelers in Uzbekistan." Sustainability 15, no. 13 (2023): 10337. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su151310337.
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This study aims to examine the determinants of destination loyalty toward World Heritage Sites (WHSs) along Silk Road tourism in Uzbekistan. It could enable the profiling of inbound tourists visiting WHSs and identification of the important determinants of destination loyalty. The results of this study could present valuable empirical evidence of Silk Road tourism among inbound travelers in Uzbekistan. An online survey was conducted to collect data from U.S. residents who experienced Silk Road tourism in Uzbekistan. A total of 419 questionnaires were used for this study. The present study explored the determinants of destination loyalty among inbound travelers who had visited WHSs along Silk Road destinations in Uzbekistan. Regarding the effect of length of stay on destination loyalty, travelers who visit for 7–13 days are inclined to show higher destination loyalty than the other groups. Free independent travelers to cultural and heritage sites showed a higher level of destination loyalty than other traveler types. The results indicated that travelers who reported visiting the Historic Centre of Bukhara in the Province of Bukhara and Western Tien-Shan in the Province of Tashkent showed higher destination loyalty. The proposed model consists of travel characteristics, WHS destinations, and demographic characteristics. This study provides several important theoretical and managerial implications. Moreover, this study can contribute to knowledge regarding WHSs and increase sustainable destination management to achieve sustainable development goals (SDGs).
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Diemert, David J. "Prevention and Self-Treatment of Traveler's Diarrhea." Clinical Microbiology Reviews 19, no. 3 (2006): 583–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/cmr.00052-05.
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SUMMARYOf the millions who travel from the industrialized world to developing countries every year, between 20% and 50% will develop at least one episode of diarrhea, making it the most common medical ailment afflicting travelers. Although usually a mild illness, traveler's diarrhea can result in significant morbidity and hardship overseas. Precautions can be taken to minimize the risk of developing traveler's diarrhea, either through avoidance of potentially contaminated food or drink or through various prophylactic measures, including both nonpharmacological and antimicrobial strategies. If diarrhea does develop despite the precautions taken, effective treatment—usually a combination of an antibiotic and an antimotility agent—can be brought by the traveler and initiated as soon as symptoms develop. In the future, vaccines—several of which are in the advanced stages of clinical testing—may be added to the list of prophylactic measures.
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Eissa, Heidi. "The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Protection of Personal Data." Journal of Law and Emerging Technologies 2, no. 2 (2022): 119–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.54873/jolets.v2i2.84.
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The Coronavirus (COVID-19) has caused tremendous amount of challenges all over the world in various areas, particularly the legal area. One of the prominent areas affected by COVID-19 is the protection of personal data of international travelers upon violation of national quarantine laws. This paper will discuss, through a real-life example, the extent of protection of personal data of international travelers. It will also explain the legal relations between an international traveler and the country in which the violation takes place. Moreover, the paper will compare the stances of three states in terms of protection of personal data of travelers. It will also shed some light on the issue of conflict of laws. Finally, the paper will tackle the scope of national quarantine laws, the law applicable to international travelers violating these laws, and overriding mandatory rules.
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Vanek, Susan B., Andreas Mentrup-Womelsdorf, and Jette Rygaard. "An Odd Assortment of Foreigners in Greenland: Towards the Political Implications of Arctic Travel during the Late Interwar Years." American Studies in Scandinavia 54, no. 2 (2022): 36–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.22439/asca.v54i2.6737.
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The interwar years, 1918-1939, saw an increase in both the number and variety of travelers headed to the Arctic. Employing new technologies that allowed the region to become more accessible, knowable, and visible to the globe, these ventures to the North both reflected and contributed to the widespread geopolitical, social, and economic shifts occurring during this period, laying the foundation for how the Arctic is understood and framed today. However, many of these travelers remain marginal or completely overlooked in discussions of the region. This paper argues that greater attention to the increasingly odd assortment of foreigners traveling to the Arctic between World War I and World War II can offer a more nuanced understanding of both the geopolitical transitions underway in the region during this period and the broader political implications of travel. As an initial investigation of this ongoing research topic, this paper concentrates on three of the slowly increasing number of travelers with direct or close ties to the United States who ventured to Greenland in the late interwar years. It focuses on the travels of American artist Rockwell Kent, wealthy California socialite and amateur scientist Louise A. Boyd, and the Hollywood-sponsored filming expedition of German filmmaker Arnold Fanck, who all traveled to Greenland between 1931-1932. Approached not as singular endeavors but as part of the changing complex of Arctic expedition and travel, this paper argues that attention to these travelers provides greater insight into shifts in colonial policy, increasing cooperation between states, and the upsurge in global interest in the island, as well as the shifting relations between Denmark, the US, and Greenland. It also raises issues about the changing relationship between politics, science, and art.
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Adiati, Maria Pia. "Overview Smart Hotel di Indonesia yang Merupakan Trend Baru dalam Industri Perhotelan." Binus Business Review 2, no. 2 (2011): 619. http://dx.doi.org/10.21512/bbr.v2i2.1454.
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Nowadays we can find out many taglines featuring the word Smart Hotel or Smart Traveler. Smart traveler is those who travel in a smart way. We called it smart because they choose the accomodation and the transportation wisely, in accordance with requirements and budget. Meanwhile Smart Hotel tagline comes up since there are many smart travelers who travel a lot to the cities around the world. Smart Hotels are hotels who try to accommodate the current market demands. The latest trend for the travelers is only a clean and comfort accommodation with affordable price but covers all the basic things needed for the travelers. Nowadays, travelers pass most of the time out of the hotel for doing business or either for visiting tourism objects. Typical smart hotels are hotels with 2 stars or 3 stars rating. Even though it is 2 or 3 star hotel, the service is as good as the higher ratings.Some of the hotel management or hotel group try to suite the demand by releasing 2 star or 3 star brand. And in the future, the 2 star or 3 star hotel is the hotel who will rapidly grow and take the majority market since the price is affordable and suites the budget.
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SULLIVAN, MICHELE G. "Unwanted Souvenirs Can Plague World Travelers." Internal Medicine News 41, no. 14 (2008): 42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1097-8690(08)70790-x.
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Ji, Xiangfeng, and Xiaoyu Ao. "Travelers’ Bi-Attribute Decision Making on the Risky Mode Choice with Flow-Dependent Salience Theory." Sustainability 13, no. 7 (2021): 3901. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13073901.
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The purpose of this paper is to provide new insights into travelers’ bi-attribute (travel time and travel cost) risky mode choice behavior with one risky option (i.e., the highway) and one non-risky option (i.e., the transit) from the long-term planning perspective. In the classical Wardropian User Equilibrium principle, travelers make their choice decisions only based on the mean travel times, which might be an unrealistic behavioral assumption. In this paper, an alternative approach is proposed to partially remedy this unrealistic behavioral assumption with flow-dependent salience theory, based on which we study travelers’ context-dependent bi-attribute mode choice behavior, focusing on the effect of travelers’ salience characteristic. Travelers’ attention is drawn to the bi-attribute salient travel utility, and then the objective probability of each state for the risky world is distorted in favor of this bi-attribute salient travel utility. A long-term bi-attribute salient user equilibrium will be achieved when no traveler can improve their bi-attribute salient travel utility by unilaterally changing the choice decisions. Conditions for the existence and uniqueness of the bi-attribute salient user equilibrium are presented, and based on the equilibrium results, we analyze travelers’ risk attitudes in this bi-attribute risky choice problem. Finally, numerical examples are conducted to examine the sensitivity of equilibrium solutions to the input parameters, which are cost difference and salience bias.
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Xu, Qinghui, and Xiangfeng Ji. "User Equilibrium Analysis Considering Travelers’ Context-Dependent Route Choice Behavior on the Risky Traffic Network." Sustainability 12, no. 17 (2020): 6706. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12176706.
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This paper studies travelers’ context-dependent route choice behavior in a risky trafficnetwork from a long-term perspective, focusing on the effect of travelers’ salience characteristics. In particular, a flow-dependent salience theory is proposed for this analysis, where the flow denotes the traffic flow on the risky route. In the proposed model, travelers’ attention is drawn to the salient travel utility, and the objective probabilities of the state of the world are replaced by the decision weights distorted in favor of this salient travel utility. A long-run user equilibrium will be achieved when no traveler can improve his or her salient travel utility by unilaterally changing routes, termed salient user equilibrium, which extends the scope of the Wardropian user equilibrium. Furthermore, we prove the existence and uniqueness of this salient user equilibrium. Finally, numerical studies demonstrate our theoretical findings. The equilibrium results show non-intuitive insights into travelers’ route choice behavior. (1) Travelers can be risk-seeking (the travel utility of a risky route is small with a relatively high probability), risk-neutral (in special situations), or risk-averse (the travel utility of a risky route is large with a relatively high probability), which depends on the salient state. (2) The extent of travelers’ risk-seeking or risk-averse behavior depends on their extent of salience bias, while the risk-neutral behavior is irrelative to this salience bias.
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Ciolkowski, Laura E. "Travelers' Tales: Empire, Victorian Travel, and the Spectacle of English Womanhood in Mary Kingsley's Travels in West Africa." Victorian Literature and Culture 26, no. 2 (1998): 337–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s106015030000245x.
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Victorian travel has always been about the politics of leaving home. And in a twentieth-century critical universe shaped by some of the fundamental questions about the making of “home” and “away” and the invention of “self” and “other,” the field of Victorian travel has necessarily taken its place at the center of a critical discourse about the sometimes fabulous and often sordid details of the colonial encounter. The Western travelers of such encounters are intriguing figures if simply because, despite the multiple voyagers' mythologies that adhere to them, they do not escape the demands of the Victorian world at home or the intricate structures of power out of which this world is made. Rather, the English adventurers who ostensibly left England behind for the mangrove swamps and cannibal villages of Africa regularly reproduced in their travels some of the very same structures of power from which they were purportedly freed. In leaving home, the English traveler also quite literally rediscovered it.
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Lau, Jennifer Junwa. "Reading the Transpacific Journey as Borderspace: the Critical Accounts of Zhang Deyi and Fu Yunlong (1868–1888)." Asian Review of World Histories 8, no. 2 (2020): 175–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22879811-12340074.
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Abstract In this article, travel narratives by two late Qing diplomats, Zhang Deyi 張德彞 (1847–1918) and Fu Yunlong 傅雲龍 (1840–1901), are examined to explore global history from the perspective of Chinese travelers, revealing how discriminatory laws, imperial desires, mass migrations, power imbalances, and economic interests affected Chinese travelers who were distinct from other ethnic Chinese and non-ethnic Chinese itinerants traveling across the Pacific Ocean on the same ship and in the same era. Many of these Mandarin-speaking diplomats traveled on vessels with Cantonese-speaking ethnic counterparts, an indication of the multiplicity of “Chinese” migration experiences and distinct intraethnic encounters in the nineteenth century. This article shows how the embodied experience of Chinese travelers on ships affected not only the way they recorded the experience but also their understanding of the position of the Chinese empire with respect to the world at large.
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Gough, B. "The Travelers' World: Europe to the Pacific." Journal of American History 93, no. 3 (2006): 865–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/4486460.
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Downing, Karen. "Travelers, Not Tourists: A World Literature Curriculum." English Journal 91, no. 5 (2002): 46. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/821397.
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Williamson, George S. "The Travelers' World: Europe to the Pacific." Central European History 40, no. 3 (2007): 539–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0008938907000830.
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Downing, Karen. "Travelers, Not Tourists: A World Literature Curriculum." English Journal 91, no. 5 (2002): 46–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.58680/ej2002913.
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Describes a high school world literature course. Outlines four “destinations” for topics including: searching for meaning; injustice; romantic love; and border crossing. Discusses teaching techniques and literature the author uses to teach the class.
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Sasaki, Akira, Fu Xiang, Rina Hayashi, et al. "A Study on the Development of Tourist Support System Using ICT and Psychological Effects." Applied Sciences 10, no. 24 (2020): 8930. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10248930.
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We have been studying a sightseeing support application using Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) beacons and mobile phones since 2014 to support sightseeing in Nikko, one of Japan’s World Heritage sites. Travelers can receive information relating to their position by using this application. We tried to use some psychological effects to increase travelers’ satisfaction when they receive such information. Moreover, we tried to emphasize travel memories of the place (scenery, culture, food, etc.) to encourage them to revisit or inspire their friends to visit it. Our tests prove the usefulness of our sightseeing support application for enhancing the travel experience. However, we had not yet developed a function to provide information that met the travelers’ intentions or needs. Moreover, it is hazardous to use a smartphone during walking, especially in an unfamiliar place. If a traveler uses a smartphone during walking, they might miss the beautiful scenery, historic buildings, and exotic atmosphere. We tried to adapt our sightseeing support application for use with a wearable device (smartwatch) to avoid using a smartphone during walking and introduced a prospect theory to evaluate information according to personal interest and behavior. Our experiments proved that our application provided the most appropriate sightseeing information to travelers and prevented danger during walking.
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Schroeder, Ashley, Lori Pennington-Gray, and Laura Mandala. "Examining International Food Travelers' Engagement in Behaviors to Protect Themselves From Foodborne Illnesses While Abroad." Tourism Review International 22, no. 3 (2018): 213–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.3727/154427218x15410074029643.
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In recent times, food travel has continued to gain in popularity and food and beverage activities are an important consideration for travelers. According to World Food Travel Association (WFTA), more than 9 in 10 travelers are now considered to be food travelers because they have participated in a "food or beverage experience other than dining out, at some point in the past 12 months." At the same time, travelers are an at-risk population for foodborne illnesses due to their tendency to eat out and experience local gastronomy. While health care providers and tourism service providers can and should advise travelers on ways to mitigate foodborne risks, it is ultimately the responsibility of travelers to protect themselves. Accordingly, the purpose of this study was to investigate antecedents of food travelers' engagement in personal protective behaviors (PPBs) related to foodborne illnesses during two phases of the travel experience: prior to and during travel. The independent variables were the extent of prior international travel experience, prior experience with foodborne illnesses, concerns about food safety, and food safety and foodborne illness risk perceptions. Data were collected via an online panel of food travelers from the US who had traveled outside of the country at least once in their lifetime (n = 758). Results revealed that concerns about food safety were antecedents of engagement in all five PPBs. Risk perceptions were antecedents of engagement in the during travel PPBs. The extent of prior international travel experience and prior experience with foodborne illnesses were inconsistent antecedents. The first two findings suggest that cognition (in terms of risk perceptions) is a driver of engagement in PPBs during travel and affect (in terms of concerns) is a driver of engagement in PPBs prior to and during travel. Theoretical and practical implications, as well as limitations and suggestions for future research are discussed.
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de Burlo, Charles. "Anthropology and the Tourist Business." Practicing Anthropology 9, no. 2 (1987): 11–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.17730/praa.9.2.02723938t7527h4n.
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Most anthropologists are travelers. We often journey away from home to distant places where we conduct our research. In our travels we pass through, or even alight in, major tourist destinations of the world. Although we are travelers with interests in the people and places we visit and ability to adapt ourselves to foreign environments and learn from local people, we do not think of ourselves as tourists. Many of us disdain the tourist and "touristy" places and avoid them, even when we are on vacation. This is perhaps understandable, but unfortunate. We are missing the opportunity to observe and apply our unique perspectives to a significant modern social phenomenon and force for culture change.
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Elvins, T. Todd, David R. Nadeau, Rina Schul, and David Kirsh. "Worldlets: 3-D Thumbnails for Wayfinding in Large Virtual Worlds." Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments 10, no. 6 (2001): 565–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/105474601753272835.
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Finding one's way to sites of interest on the Web can be problematic, and this difficulty has been recently exacerbated by widespread development of 3-D Web content and virtual-world browser technology using the Virtual Reality Modeling Language (VRML). Whereas travelers can often navigate 2-D Web sites based on textual and 2-D thumbnail image representations of the sites' content, finding one's way to destinations in 3-D environments is notoriously troublesome. Wayfinding literature provides clear support for the importance of landmarks in building a cognitive map and then using that map to navigate in a 3-D environment, be it real or virtual. Textual and 2-D image landmark representations, however, lack the depth and context needed for travelers to reliably recognize 3-D landmarks. This paper describes a novel 3-D thumbnail landmark affordance called a worldlet. Containing a 3-D fragment of a virtual world, worldlets offer travelers first-person, multi-viewpoint experience with faithful representations of potential destinations. To facilitate an investigation into the comparative advantages of landmark affordances for wayfinding, worldlet capture algorithms were designed, implemented, and incorporated into two VRML-based virtual environment browsers. Findings from a psychological experiment using one of these browsers revealed that, compared to textual and image guidebook usage, worldlet guidebook usage: nearly doubled the time subjects spent studying the landmarks in the guidebook, significantly reduced the time required for subjects to reach landmarks, and reduced backtracking to almost zero. These results support the hypothesis that worldlets facilitate traveler landmark knowledge, expedite wayfinding in large virtual environments, and enable skilled wayfinding.
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Johnson, Tricia J., Jaymie S. Youngquist, Andy N. Garman, Samuel Hohmann, and Paola R. Cieslak. "Factors influencing medical travel into the United States." International Journal of Pharmaceutical and Healthcare Marketing 9, no. 2 (2015): 118–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijphm-02-2013-0004.
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Purpose – This paper aims to evaluate the potential of 24 country-level measures for predicting the number of outbound international medical travelers into the USA, including health and healthcare system, economic, social and diplomatic and travel pattern factors. Medical travel is recognized as a growing global market and is an important subject of inquiry for US academic medical centers, hospitals and policy makers. Few data-driven studies exist to shed light on efficient and effective strategies for attracting international medical travelers. Design/methodology/approach – This was a retrospective, cross-sectional study of the 194 member and/or observer countries of the United Nations. Data for medical traveler volume into the USA between 2008 and 2010 were obtained from the USA Department of Commerce, Office of Travel and Tourism Industries, Survey of International Air Travelers. Data on country-level factors were collected from publicly available databases, including the United Nations, World Bank and World Health Organization. Linear regression models with a negative binomial distribution and log link function were fit to test the association between each independent variable and the number of inbound medical travelers to the USA. Findings – Seven of the 24 country-level factors were significantly associated with the number of outbound medical travelers to the USA These factors included imports as a per cent of gross domestic product, trade in services as a per cent of gross domestic product, per cent of population living in urban areas, life expectancy, childhood mortality, incidence of tuberculosis and prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus. Practical implications – Results of this model provide evidence for a data-driven approach to strategic outreach and business development for hospitals and policy makers for attracting international patients to the USA for medical care. Originality/value – The model developed in this paper can assist US hospitals in promoting their services to international patients as well as national efforts in identifying “high potential” medical travel markets. Other countries could also adapt this methodology for targeting the international patient market.
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Brantley, Diane K. "NCSS Notable Trade Book Lesson Plan Megan’s Year: An Irish Traveler’s Story Written by Gloria Whelan." Social Studies Research and Practice 9, no. 2 (2014): 154–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ssrp-02-2014-b0012.
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Megan’s Year: An Irish Traveler’s Story provides the reader with an in-depth look inside the life of a young girl growing up in Ireland. The author provides a realistic and a touching peek into lives of travelers through Megan’s eyes, showing both the joys as well as the personal and familial challenges of a mobile lifestyle. Through the insights of Megan intermediate students will be able to develop an understanding and appreciation of cultural diversity. Students will be able to make connections to others in their global community by getting to know Megan and seeing the different ways in which she views the world. In this short unit, students will participate in the use of readers’ theater, Venn diagrams, the Directed Reading-Thinking Activity (DR-TA) and the Know-Want to Know-Learned- Questions (KWLQ) strategy. As a culminating activity, the students will prepare a story comparing their lives to the life Megan experiences as an Irish Traveller.
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Han, Heesup, Chen Che, and Sanghyeop Lee. "Facilitators and Reducers of Korean Travelers’ Avoidance/Hesitation Behaviors toward China in the Case of COVID-19." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 23 (2021): 12345. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182312345.
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Given that little is known about overseas travelers’ responses and behaviors toward China after the outbreak of COVID-19, this study aimed to uncover risk perception factors and investigate its role in Korean travelers’ avoidance/hesitation behaviors toward China as an international tourism destination in the case of the COVID-19 pandemic. To explore the relationship with risk perception, anticipated emotion and avoidance/hesitation behavior, a quantitative method along with an online survey was employed. This focus was on Korean tourists who had traveled to China at least once. Findings revealed that risk perception and negative anticipated emotion are vital facilitators of avoidance/hesitation behaviors, and that positive anticipated emotion reduces such behaviors. The efficacy of a higher-order structure of risk perception, which encompasses six dimensions, was also demonstrated. In addition, destination attachment lowered the influence of risk perception on the formation of avoidance/hesitation behaviors. Overall, our results will help tourism researchers and practitioners understand what factors drive and reduce international travelers’ avoidance/hesitation behaviors toward China in the post-pandemic world. Implications for theory and practice are offered.
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ELHARTHI, Professor Milad. "Understandings Maghreb Traveler’s Notes and Writer’s Texts: Phantasmagorias of the Western Crusaders in the Muslim West during the fall of Alandalus Religious Tolerance History (500-1070)." Addaiyan Journal of Arts, Humanities and Social Sciences 1, no. 10 (2020): 108–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.36099/ajahss.1.10.10.
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Ghiyath Al-Din Naqqshwho wrote, inPersian, a detailedaccount of his travel fromHerattoBeijingon a diplomatic mission in1420-1422. It became one of the most detailed accounts of China in thePersian and Turkish literature for the next century or two. In the 14thcentury we can trace Ibn Battuta (أبن بطوطه) (1304 –1368 or 1369),Moroccan world traveler in his Rihla(1355)– literally entitled "A Gift tothose Who Anticipate the Wonders of Cities and the Marvels ofTraveling". We have also another example from the 13th century Yaqutal-Hamawi (اقوتيA الحم22 وى)(1179–1229) Mu'jam Al Buldan(نجومالبل22دان) (اطلس الدول) (Dictionary of Countries). From the 12th century, we find Abuad-Din al-Husain Muhammad ibn Ahmad Ibn Jubayr(1145– 1217) TheTravels of Ibn Jubayr((رحلات ابن الجابرى )1185(. The core interest of theessay is to underline how the Maghreb travelers contributed in theliterature of Journeys as great writers who traveled from Maghreb andlived in the Muslim Spain at that time.
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Foster, Shirley. "Nineteenth-Century British Travelers in the New World." Studies in Travel Writing 17, no. 3 (2013): 322–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13645145.2013.805481.
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Scope, Alon, Henry Trau, Gerlind Anders, Aviv Barzilai, Yitzhak Confino, and Eli Schwartz. "Experience with New World cutaneous leishmaniasis in travelers." Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology 49, no. 4 (2003): 672–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1067/s0190-9622(03)01576-7.
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Peltonen, Arvo. "Matkailijan ihmeellinen maailma (The Wonderful World of Travelers)." Annals of Tourism Research 32, no. 3 (2005): 818–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2004.12.001.
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Potter, Nancy Nyquist. "Moral Tourists and World Travelers: Some Epistemological Issues in Understanding Patients' Worlds." Philosophy, Psychiatry, & Psychology 10, no. 3 (2003): 209–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/ppp.2004.0012.
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Kasatkin, Konstantin. "In Search of One’s Self: Russian Travelers in the Balkans in 1800–1830s." Russian History 48, no. 1 (2022): 61–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.30965/18763316-12340023.
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Abstract In this paper, we are going to demonstrate that the writings of Russian travelers of the early 19th century laid the foundation of a discourse of Slavism. The travelers stopped perceiving the Balkans as part of the Near East and began considering them as ‘Ours’. This allowed the Russians to assert their identity within the boundaries of the European community while simultaneously separating themselves from the Roman-Germanic “West”. We examined four different types of descriptions of the Balkans by Russian travelers of the 1800–1830s. The authors’ approaches to these narratives were either orientalist or Slavic in nature. Works written in the framework of Orientalism are often characterized by the view of the Balkans as the land of the past, and travels perceived the Balkans as the antithesis of Russia, which they saw as being part of the West. Discourse of Slavism was fundamentally different from Orientalism. Firstly, it replaced the East-West binary relationship with a West-Russia-East triptych. Secondly, it sought to equate Russia and the Slavs. The travelers of the 3rd group were the first to discover a way to reconcile with the “backwards” past within the West-Russia-East triptych. Fourthly, Venelin verbalized a new paradigm in Russia’s description of the Balkans. He was the first to consider Russia as the center of the Slavic world, as opposed to the wild European periphery.
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Tiller, Elisabeth. "Humanist transfer of knowledge from foreign lands: modes of cognitive perception of the world among Florentine travelers to America between 1490 and 1530." Neohelicon 47, no. 2 (2020): 357–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11059-020-00560-z.
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AbstractIn fifteenth and sixteenth century Italy, even before the beginning of the Age of Discovery, numerous (travel) reports were written by commercial travellers to Asian countries, soon followed by those to the Americas and the African coastal regions. In Florence, which was a Renaissance center of cultural innovation and a financially powerful hub for the exchange of knowledge, ideas, techniques and strategies, reports from Florentine travelers received particular attention. These epistemic materializations transformed, in primary emplotments, newfound material reality and real-space travel events into codified knowledge. Once they arrived Europe and circulated among European scholars, these cultural materials were then stored in further processes of knowledge materialization. Such secondary emplotments, from 1492 on, refer to a (geographically and historically) global framework that enforces the generation and classification of knowledge. For these purposes reports from travelling authors who already use a humanist standard of knowledge—like the erudite Florentine travelers Vespucci and Verrazzano—are able to deliver precious epistemic material, that, beyond the requirements of power politics, will contribute to re-coding not only the European perspective on the world, but especially the knowledge of the others.
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Nomoto, Hidetoshi, Kei Yamamoto, Satoshi Kutsuna, et al. "Evaluation of potential rabies exposure among Japanese international travelers: A retrospective descriptive study." PLOS ONE 18, no. 8 (2023): e0287838. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0287838.
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Background Although Japan has been a rabies-free country for >50 years, a few cases have been reported among people traveling abroad. This study aimed to investigate animal exposure among Japanese travelers using the Japanese Registry for Infectious Diseases from Abroad (J-RIDA). Method In this retrospective analysis, we examined Japanese overseas travelers with animal exposure, as included the J-RIDA database, reported from October 1, 2017, to October 31, 2019, with a focus on pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) administration and the animals to which the patients were exposed. Results Among the 322 cases included in the analysis, 19 (5.9%) patients received PrEP and 303 did not. The most common purpose of travel was a non-package tour (n = 175, 54.3%). Most trips (n = 213, 66.1%) were to a single country for <2 weeks. Most patients (n = 286, 87.9%) traveled to countries with a rabies risk. The majority of patients with and without PrEP were injured in rabies-risk countries [n = 270 (89.1%) for non-PrEP and n = 16 (84.2%) for PrEP]. Animals associated with injuries included dogs (55.0%), cats (25.5%), and monkeys (15.5%). Most patients were classified as World Health Organization Category II/III for contact with suspected rabid animals (39.5% and 44.1% for categories II and III, respectively) and had exposure within 5 days of travel. Southeast Asia (n = 180, 55.9%) was the most common region in which travelers were exposed to animals. Conclusions Japanese overseas travelers had contact with animals that could possibly transmit the rabies virus, even on short trips. Promoting pre-travel consultation and increasing awareness of the potential for rabies exposure are important for prevention of rabies among Japanese international travelers.
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He, Zhaoxiang, and Xiao Qin. "Incorporating a Safety Index into Pathfinding." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2659, no. 1 (2017): 63–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/2659-07.
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Travelers around the world are concerned with choosing not only the quickest route from one point to another but also the safest route. Traffic safety has always been a major public concern, and traffic safety performance should be constantly evaluated so that both reactive and proactive countermeasures can help reduce crashes. This study developed a methodology for incorporating safety aspects into travelers’ pathfinding process. The safe pathfinding process included two main parts: a route-specific safety hazard index and a route-finding algorithm that considered both travel time and safety. The ratio of the deceleration rate to avoid a crash to the maximum available deceleration rate was chosen as the proxy for traffic safety. The safety hazard index was formulated by using the collision mechanism along the roadway segment and at the intersection. Motorist-specific information (e.g., vehicle type, age, pavement condition) was also included in the safety index model so that a traveler’s individual needs could be considered. The pathfinding algorithm, which combined mobility and safety, had three objectives: shorter travel time, lower route safety hazard index, and avoidance of sites with the highest safety hazard index along the route. The methodology was applied in a real-world street network to demonstrate its use and prove the concept of finding a safe path.
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Dolynska, Olesia, Inna 24. Shorobura, and Olena Binytska. "INNOVATIONS IN TOURISM." SCIENTIFIC ISSUES OF TERNOPIL VOLODYMYR HNATIUK NATIONAL PEDAGOGICAL UNIVERSITY. SERIES: GEOGRAPHY 55, no. 2 (2023): 58–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.25128/2519-4577.23.2.7.
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Tourism has evolved significantly in recent years, driven by advancements in technology, changing consumer preferences, and a growing awareness of the need for sustainable and responsible travel. Innovative tourism represents a dynamic and transformative sector with vast potential. This essay explores the prospects for the development of innovative tourism and its role in shaping the future of travel. Innovations in technology have been at the forefront of the tourism industry's transformation. The advent of the internet, smartphones, and apps has revolutionized the way travelers plan, book, and experience their journeys. Virtual reality and augmented reality are enhancing pre-trip experiences, allowing travelers to “preview” destinations. Moreover, block chain technology is enhancing security and transparency in bookings and transactions. The prospects for further technological innovations are promising. Artificial intelligence can personalize travel recommendations, making them more relevant to individual preferences. The Internet of Things can enable smart and connected destinations, enhancing convenience for tourists. As 5G networks become more widespread, real-time translation services and immersive experiences will become more accessible, changing how tourists engage with their surroundings.Sustainable and Responsible Tourism:
 Innovative tourism places a strong emphasis on sustainability and responsible practices. Travelers are increasingly conscious of their ecological footprint and seek eco-friendly options. Eco-tourism, community-based tourism, and wildlife conservation programs are gaining traction. Eco-friendly accommodations, transportation alternatives, and renewable energy sources are becoming standard offerings. The prospects for sustainable tourism are encouraging. As climate change becomes a pressing concern, the tourism industry has an opportunity to lead by example. Innovations like electric and hydrogen-powered vehicles, sustainable architectural designs, and green energy solutions are driving the industry towards a more sustainable future. Responsible tourism practices are essential for preserving the world's natural and cultural treasures.
 Authentic and Experiential Travel: Modern travelers are seeking more meaningful and immersive experiences. They desire connections with local cultures, traditions, and people. As a result, the prospects for authentic and experiential travel are bright. Innovative tourism encourages travelers to participate in hands-on experiences, such as cooking classes, artisan workshops, and cultural exchanges. Tourism has embraced the sharing economy, with platforms like Airbnb and local experience marketplaces, allowing travelers to live like locals. This trend is expected to grow, leading to more diversified and personalized travel experiences. As tourists increasingly seek unique and transformative experiences, destinations must adapt to meet these evolving demands. Health and wellness tourism has seen remarkable growth, driven by the pursuit of physical, mental, and spiritual well-being. Innovations in this sector include wellness retreats, spa resorts, yoga and meditation tourism, and medical tourism. In a post-pandemic world, travelers are placing greater emphasis on health and safety. The prospects for the health and wellness tourism industry are excellent. As global health concerns persist, travelers will continue to prioritize destinations and services that promote well-being. Innovations such as health-focused apps, telemedicine services, and wellness technologies will continue to shape this growing niche.
 Innovative tourism holds great promise for the future of the industry. The rapid pace of technological advancements, coupled with evolving traveler preferences, is reshaping the way we experience the world. Tourism's sustainable and responsible future, combined with the emphasis on authentic, experiential, and wellness travel, is paving the way for a more inclusive and enriching global tourism landscape. To realize these prospects, industry stakeholders must adapt, invest in innovation, and prioritize responsible and sustainable practices. As the world continues to change, the tourism sector will remain at the forefront of innovation and progress.
 Keywords: tourism, innovative tourism, using innovations in tourism.
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Wood, Stuart, Mary Fairchok, Heather C. Yun, et al. "Influenza-Like Illness in Travelers to the Developing World." American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 99, no. 5 (2018): 1269–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.17-0884.
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D'Arcy, Paul. "Book Review: The Travelers' World: Europe to the Pacific." International Journal of Maritime History 18, no. 2 (2006): 568–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/084387140601800280.
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Richards, Greg, and Wendy Morrill. "Motivations of global Millennial travelers." Revista Brasileira de Pesquisa em Turismo 14, no. 1 (2020): 126–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.7784/rbtur.v14i1.1883.
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 This paper reports on a global survey of Millennial travellers aged 18-35 and analyses motivations across world regions and countries. An adapted version of the Leisure Motivations Scale was subjected to factor analysis, revealing four dimensions of motivation: Relaxation, Exploring, Challenge and Socialising. All Millennials tend to see exploring as most important, but Asian travellers in particular emphasise both relaxation and challenge. Motivations were also found to vary according to age and destination, indicating that motivations are not just individual, but also context-related. We conclude that Millennials are not a coherent global generation in terms of travel motivations.
 
 
 
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Abdoulaye Makanéra, Taliby Dos Camara, Mamadou Diao Diallo, and Kaba Kourouma. "Prevalence of SARS-COV-2/COVID-19 in Guinea among travelers to foreign countries in the period from April 1 to June 30, 2021." GSC Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences 27, no. 3 (2024): 099–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/gscbps.2024.27.3.0185.
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Introduction: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) is the cause of COVID-19 which is a global pandemic, since its appearance in 2019 in China, is associated with hundreds of millions of deaths in across the world, and the numbers continue to increase overnight with the appearance of new variants. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 among travelers received at the Laboratory of the National Institute of Public Health. Material and methods: This was a prospective, descriptive cross-sectional study lasting three months from April 1 to June 31, 2021, focusing on travelers aged 2 and over received at the Laboratory of the National Institute of Health Public during our study. Results: The prevalence of SARSCoV-2 among travelers was 1.6% (17/1037). The sex ratio was 1.83 in favor of the male sex. The average age was 43 years with a standard deviation of more or less 15 years with the extremes of 2 years and 88 years. The age group under 18 years old and those between 46 and 65 years old are the most affected by the disease with 2.04% and 2.08% respectively. Ratoma was the municipality where there were more travelers screened but with only 1.02% of positive cases for COVID-19 on the other hand the prefecture of Dubréka with 31 travelers screened, we noted 6.45% (2/31) of positive cases for COVID-19 which makes this prefecture the most affected during our study followed by the commune of Matam with 2.59% (2/77). Retirees and housewives were the groups most affected by the disease with respective frequencies of 5% (1/20) and 4.08% (2/49). Note, however, that 2.67% (3/112) of patients were pupils and students while 1.67% (10/598) represented the informal sector. Conclusion: Our results show a low prevalence of positive cases for COVID-19 detected among travelers compared to results found elsewhere in the world. The eradication of this pandemic in the world will require everyone's effort to raise awareness and educate the population, monitor positive cases and respect with all due rigor the barrier measures decreed by the world health organization.
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Foedjiawati, Foedjiawati, Fransisca Andreani, and Njo Anastasia. "Travel Constraints, Trust, Travel Motivation and Travel Intention :." Jurnal Manajemen Perhotelan dan Pariwisata 6, no. 1 (2023): 271–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.23887/jmpp.v6i1.65559.
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The limitation of traveling refers to individual limitations; namely, interpersonal and intrapersonal constraints. However, trust shapes the traveler’s confidence to travel. Furthermore, travelers need motivation as their push factor to appeal their interest in traveling. This study aims to explore the relationship between travel constraints and trust on travel intention and travel motivation as the mediating variable. The sample was determined by using purposive sampling on Indonesia’s travelers who travelled during the Covid-19 pandemic, from March 2020 to February 2021 using online questionnaire. Results indicated that the intrapersonal constraint had positive effects on travel intention and travel motivation. On the other hand, interpersonal constraints and trust did not affect travel intention nor travel motivation. Therefore, the research results imply a positive contribution to the collaborative development theories between Theory Planned Behavior and those related in tourism sector. Leaders in tourism business sectors could plan their marketing strategies in a fast-changing pace in the world such as, the crises of Covid-19 pandemic to bring people’s motivation out in order to be interested in traveling again although with several terms and conditions after the human mobility was curtailed.
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Bhandari, Durga, and Prativa Pandey. "Health Problems while Working as a Volunteer or Humanitarian Aid Worker in Post-Earthquake Nepal." Journal of Nepal Medical Association 56, no. 211 (2018): 691–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.31729/jnma.3630.
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Introduction: Volunteers and humanitarian aid workers working in disaster struck areas of the world are a vulnerable group of travelers. Nepal saw an influx of these humanitarian aid workers following earthquakes in April and May 2015. 
 Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted at CIWEC Hospital located in Kathmandu. A questionnaire was given to all volunteers and aid workers who arrived at the hospital for evaluation of health related problems and agreed to be part of the study.
 Results: Ninety-five volunteers were enrolled in the study. Among these, 65 (68%) were female and 30 (32%) were male. The immunizations received before travel were Hepatitis A 82 (86%), Hepatitis B 82 (86%), Typhoid 70 (73%), Rabies 38 (40%), Japanese Encephalitis 34 (36%), Influenza within last one year 23 (24%), measles 48 (51%), Cholera 34 (36%),Tetanus within 10 years 71 (75%) and Varicella 38 (40%). Forty-four (45%) of travelers carried medication for treatment of Traveler’s Diarrhea (TD) which included Ciprofloxacin, Azithromycin, Loperamide and others like Metronidazole and Charcoal. The common illnesses encountered were gastrointestinal, skin problems , injury and musculoskeletal problems, respiratory problems, genitourinary problems, cardiovascular, psychological problems, syncope, and miscellaneous.
 Conclusions: Traveler’s Diarrhea and dermatological problems were the most common health related problems. Volunteers were not properly prepared for self-treatment and pre-travel preparation was sub-optimal. Important pre travel health advice will decrease the incidence of health problems in this group.
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Horodowich, Liz. "Armchair Travelers and the Venetian Discovery of the New World." Sixteenth Century Journal 36, no. 4 (2005): 1039. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/20477590.
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Berger, Shlomo. "Reorienting the East: Jewish Travelers to the Medieval Muslim World." Journal of Jewish Studies 67, no. 2 (2016): 435–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.18647/3294/jjs-2016.
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Neudecker, Hannah. "Reorienting the East: Jewish Travelers to the Medieval Muslim World." Islam and Christian–Muslim Relations 27, no. 3 (2016): 351–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09596410.2015.1131456.
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Fay, Elizabeth A. "Nineteenth-Century British Travelers in the New World. Christine DeVine." Wordsworth Circle 45, no. 4 (2014): 319–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/twc24311855.
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Priyanka Srivastava. "Image of India: A Study of Marianne Postan’s and Maria Graham’s Travel Accounts." Creative Launcher 7, no. 6 (2022): 93–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.53032/tcl.2022.7.6.10.
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From time immemorial, India has been an important place for travel. The reasons for travel to India were many, ranging from pilgrimage, trade, and conquest to exploration and diplomacy, etc. The British traveled to India basically for trade. Invigorated by the improvements in travel and expanding British influence, there was a spurt in travel by not only British men but British women as well. These women travelers traveled for many personal and political reasons. Many travel writers came to India from different parts of the world and depicted it in their own ways. The British women also depicted India in their own peculiar ways. This paper seeks to study the travel account of Marianne Postans and Maria Graham to understand the ways in which they represent India.
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Felkai, Péter. "A sürgősségi ellátás új területe: az assistance orvostan." Orvosi Hetilap 156, no. 20 (2015): 808–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/650.2015.30155.
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The number of international travels has been continuously increasing since World War II. Though the travelers’ demand for safer ways of travelling appeared, only a handful of them sought pretravel advices. This is the reason why 50% of the travelers have to face some kind of medical problem during their journey. If they have travel insurance, the company’s assistance team organizes, monitors and covers their abroad treatment. A doctor of the assistance team has to find her/his ways in various fields: not only a multidisciplinary medical knowledge is a must for a professional like this, but she/he needs to have a good grasp of the basic idea behind the insurance policy, too. Also, she/he should be familiar with the public health care systems of different countries and some legal knowledge is also needed. If the patients are unable to continue their trip, they must be repatriated. Making a decision about the repatriation’s timing and modality requires interdisciplinary medical experience and the approach of a critical care/emergency doctor. Among further tasks for the assistance team’s doctor one can find medical escort and on-spot medical visit for foreign patients. Both of these two aforementioned medical activities are highly different from – for example – a general practitioner’s routine. That is the reason why an assistance doctor has to be familiar with the critical and emergency care. Organizing and monitoring medical treatment for a traveler abroad, providing medical escort, making decisions about repatriation and providing medical help for a foreign patient all fall within the competence of a new medical discipline, the assistance medicine. Creating a body of knowledge, collecting appropriate protocols and establishing postgraduate courses for assistance medicine diplomas are the tasks of the critical care and emergency medicine professionals. Orv. Hetil., 2015, 156(20), 808–812.
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Abu-rish, Elayeh, and Browning. "Travelers to U.S.: Zika Virus Knowledge, Attitudes, and Determinants of Practices in the Middle East—Insights for Future Awareness Campaigns." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 14 (2019): 2517. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16142517.
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Travelers act as sentinels for the spread of Zika virus. Imported Zika cases and the presence of Zika virus-transmitting mosquitoes have been documented in the Middle East. However, data on travelers’ knowledge, attitude and practices regarding Zika and its prevention measures within the Middle East are scarce. This study aimed to address this issue in a sample of Jordanian and non-Jordanian travelers to U.S. in Jordan. A paper-based questionnaire was distributed to 301 travelers to U.S. in Queen Alia International airport, Amman, Jordan. Only 2.7% of the travelers knew that Zika is associated with birth defects. A total of 10.4% of the participants knew that the bite of infected mosquitoes is a route of Zika transmission. Only 12.6% of respondents correctly identified Zika prevention measures. The level of education and future plans for pregnancy were significantly associated with a high knowledge score (R2 = 0.140, p-value < 0.005). Although 76.2% of the travelers perceived Zika as a health threat, only 11.2% believed in the efficacy of the prevention measures. Formulation of educational campaigns within Middle Eastern countries and development of awareness strategies regarding Zika and its prevention within the airports are required. This is particularly essential with the upcoming 2022 FIFA World Cup in Qatar.
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Ahmad, Suhail, Robert E. Bjork, Mohammed Almahfali, Abdel-Fattah M. Adel, and Mashhoor Abdu Al-Moghales. "Bio-Medical Discourse and Oriental Metanarratives on Pandemics in the Islamicate World from the Sixteenth to Nineteenth Centuries." Humanities 13, no. 3 (2024): 89. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/h13030089.
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This paper examines the writings of European travelers, chaplains, and resident doctors on pandemics in the Mediterranean regions from the 16th to the 19th centuries. Using French comparative literary theory, the article highlights how Muslim communities in Egypt, Turkey, Aleppo, and Mecca were stereotyped based on their belief in predestination, their failure to avoid contamination, and their lack of social distancing during plague outbreaks. This paper argues that travelers were influenced by Renaissance humanism, Ars Apodemia, religious discourses, and texts, such as plague tracts, model town concepts, the book of orders, and tales, and that they essentialized Mediterranean Islamicate societies by depicting contamination motifs supposedly shaped by the absence of contagion theory in prophetic medicines. Regarding plague science, this paper concludes that Christian and Muslim intellectuals had similar approaches until the Black Death and that Arabs were eclectic since the Abbasid period. This paper further maintains that the travelers’ approaches fostered chauvinism and the cultural hegemony of the West over the Orient since the Renaissance and Enlightenment periods, driven by eschatology, conversion, and power structure narratives.
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Fetisova, Sofia Vital'evna. "Influence of the Chinese Zen Way of Life at Wu Wei Buddhist Temple on the Psychological Well-Being of Ethnocultural Travelers." Uchenyy Sovet (Academic Council), no. 7 (June 30, 2023): 449–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.33920/nik-02-2307-09.
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The article describes the elements of the way of life of the Chinese Zen Buddhist temple Wu Wei, which is perceived by non-religious travelers who came there from all over the world as a situation of novelty and uncertainty. This situation requires foreigners to activate non-verbal communication, reflection, intuition, attentiveness. The author considers the influence of the ecological, social and cultural environment on the improvement of the psychological well-being of travelers.
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Wongsanuphat, Suphanat, Charuttaporn Jitpeera, Duangjai Konglapamnuay, Chuthawan Nilphat, Supiya Jantaramanee, and Rapeepong Suphanchaimat. "Contact Tracing and Awareness-Raising Measures for Travelers Arriving in Thailand from High Risk Areas of Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19): A Cluster of Imported COVID-19 Cases from Italy, March 2020." Outbreak, Surveillance, Investigation & Response (OSIR) Journal 13, no. 2 (2020): 38–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.59096/osir.v13i2.262815.
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Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by a newly discovered coronavirus. Since before a global pandemic was declared by the World Health Organization, many countries have been implementing stringent screening protocols on international travelers. In Thailand, a ‘Health Beware Card’ (HBC) was provided to all travelers at ports of entry. On 5 Mar 2020, the Department of Disease Control (DDC) of the Thai Ministry of Public Health received a notification that there was a COVID-19 confirmed case who traveled from Lombardy, Italy. A joint investigation team commenced an investigation to describe epidemiological characteristics, and identify contacts and possible source cases. Totally three confirmed cases of COVID-19 and one asymptomatic infection were identified in this investigation. The index case was a 41-year-old Thai male. He notified local health providers immediately after the onset of symptoms as per HBC recommendations. Contact tracing led to the identification of three additional cases: two were peers who traveled together with the index case to Italy and one was a close friend. The attack rate among people visiting Italy in this cluster was 50%. Contact tracing was a key control measure to stop the spread of COVID-19, and awareness-raising measures limited local transmission from imported cases. For people traveling from a disease-infected zone, mandatory quarantine and laboratory screening must be enforced.
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Dietz, Linus W., Avradip Sen, Rinita Roy, and Wolfgang Wörndl. "Mining trips from location-based social networks for clustering travelers and destinations." Information Technology & Tourism 22, no. 1 (2020): 131–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40558-020-00170-6.
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Abstract It is important to learn the characteristics of travelers and touristic regions when trying to generate recommendations for destinations to users. In this work, we first present a data-driven method to mine trips from location-based social networks to understand how tourists travel the world. These trips are quantified using a number of metrics to capture the underlying mobility patterns. We then present two applications that utilize the mined trips. The first one is an approach for clustering travelers in two case studies, one of Twitter and another of Foursquare, where the pure mobility metrics are enriched with social aspects, i.e., the kinds of venues into which the users checked-in. Clustering 133,614 trips from Twitter, we obtain three distinct clusters. In the Foursquare data set, however, six clusters can be determined. The second application area is the spatial clustering of destinations around the world. These discovered regions are solely formed by the mobility patterns of the trips and are, thus, independent of administrative regions such as countries. We identify 942 regions as destinations that can be directly used as a region model of a destination recommender system. This paper is the extended version of the conference article “Characterisation of Traveller Types Using Check-in Data from Location-Based Social Networks” presented at the 26th Annual ENTER eTourism Conference held from January 19 to February 1, 2019 in Nicosia, Cyprus.