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Journal articles on the topic 'World war, 1939-1945, territorial questions'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 28 July 2025

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1

Noskova, Albina. "The Polish-British Agreement and the Protocol of August 25, 1939: Objectives of the parties and the significance in the history of Poland (autumn 1939 — spring 1945)." Slavic Almanac, no. 1-2 (2022): 109–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.31168/2073-5731.2022.1-2.1.07.

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The Mutual Assistance Agreement between the United Kingdom and Poland and the secret Protocol to it of August 25, 1939 is one of the most important documents for the history of Poland. It largely determined the current situation, politics and future of the Polish government until the settlement of the “Polish question” by the heads of the “Big Three” in 1945. The article analyzes this document based on specific historical information accumulated in Soviet, Russian, Polish historiography, and documentary material on the history of international relations on the eve and during the Second World W

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Anghel, Florin. "‘LONG-SUFFERING LANDS’ BETWEEN POLAND AND BELARUS. POLITICS OF STATE HISTORY IN BELARUS ABOUT SEPTEMBER 17TH, 1939, WORLD WAR II, AND BUILDING THE NATION." Annals of the „Ovidius” University of Constanta – Political Science Series 2024, no. 13 (2024): 7–40. https://doi.org/10.61801/auoc-sp.2024.01.

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The present text aims to address the phenomenon of the institutionalization of historical memory in Belarus, a country where Aliaksandar Lukashenka has been president since 1994. It also aims to answer questions related to the possibility of a synchronization of memory related to the moment of September 17th, 1939, perceived contradictorily in Belarus and Poland. Furthermore, we would also like to cover some of the objectives of the national identity construction that the Minsk regime has ideologically built during the last three decades. Instrumentalized by political and ideological discourse

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Bednarz, Piotr. "Switzerland Vis-a-Vis the Fall of the Polish State in September 1939. Status and Prospects for Research." Res Historica 58 (December 18, 2024): 769–90. https://doi.org/10.17951/rh.2024.58.769-790.

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The outbreak of World War Two posed fundamental questions before Switzerland about the political future in the context of Germany’s aggressive policy. Territorial claims laid by the Third Reich’s elites towards the neighboring countries in the name of the unification of all Germans in one state were also dangerous to Switzerland, whose Alemannic citizens were perceived by Berlin as a part of the great German nation. The Swiss political class as well as the public opinion of the country closely observed Germany’s actions, and in this context the Third Reich’s aggression against Poland was one o

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Ryabova, L. K. "About the Patriotism amongst Russian Emigration: Interpretations and Practices in the 1940s." Modern History of Russia 10, no. 4 (2020): 948–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.21638/11701/spbu24.2020.408.

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The patriotic moods in Russian emigration during World War II and in the first post-war years are less studied than those of the 1920s and 1930s. Patriotism manifested itself in various forms, and was reflected both in journalism and in behavioral practices. The attitude towards Russia ranged from support for the Soviet regime to defeatist appeals. The most objective position, albeit implacable in relation to the Soviet regime, was taken by New Journal, using materials of which the “cultures of patriotism” were mainly considered. Serious disagreements among the emigrant community raised questi

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Gras, Airy, Teresa Garnatje, Jon Marín, et al. "The Power of Wild Plants in Feeding Humanity: A Meta-Analytic Ethnobotanical Approach in the Catalan Linguistic Area." Foods 10, no. 1 (2020): 61. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods10010061.

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Wild food plants (WFP) have always been present in our kitchen, although they have not always been given the same importance as crops. In the Catalan linguistic area (CLA), covered in this paper, WFP were of great importance as a subsistence food not only during the years of the Spanish civil war (1936–1939) and World War II (1939–1945), but also long before these periods and in the years thereafter. The CLA has been well studied at the level of traditional knowledge on plant biodiversity, and much of this information is collected in a database by the EtnoBioFiC research group. The aim of this

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Muojama, Olisa Godson. "The Staff Question in German Plantations in the British Cameroons during World War II: The Employment of Staff from Jamaica and Malaya." European Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences 3, no. 3 (2023): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.24018/ejsocial.2023.3.3.397.

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Unlike the British and French territories in West Africa, the German territories of Cameroons and Togoland witnessed massive investment in plantations. These properties were taken over by the British and French during the First World War, 1914-1918. In the interwar years, 1919-1939, a good number of them were purchased and repossessed by the Germans who returned to West Africa after the war. Thus, the internment of German subjects in the Cameroons under the British mandate during the Second World War, 1939-1945, had implications for these German plantations. Earlier studies on the history of C

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Levin, Dov. "Arrests and Deportations of Latvian Jews by the USSR During the Second World WAR." Nationalities Papers 16, no. 1 (1988): 50–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00905998808408068.

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Mass deportations of native populations (Jews included) from territories annexed by the USSR in 1939–40 in amicable division of spoils with Nazi Germany and its allies had everywhere the same historical background and followed roughly the same procedure. Territories in question included the states of Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania in their entirety, parts of Finland, nearly one-half of pre-1939 Poland, and the formerly Romanian regions of Bessarabia and Northern Bukovina.

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Deliatynskyi, Ruslan, and Vitalii Popyk. "Chortkiv Deanery of the Stanislaviv Greek Catholic Eparchy in 1939-1946." Good Parson: scientific bulletin of Ivano-Frankivsk Academy of John Chrysostom. Theology. Philosophy. History / Editor-in-Chief R. A. Gorban. Issue 19. Part 2. Ivano-Frankivsk: IFA, 2024. 288 p. 2, no. 19 (2024): 207–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.52761/3041-1777.2024.19.2.18.

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The purpose of the article is an objective study of the historical development of the Chortkiv Deanery of the Stanislaviv Diocese of the Galician Metropolis of the Greek Catholic Church during the Second World War of 1939-1945 and the establishment of Soviet power in Galicia in 1945-1946, which led to the forced liquidation of the UGCC and its transformation into a “catacomb” church. Research methodology: the basic methods are microhistorical, biographical and prosopographic. The scientific novelty is that for the first time the peculiarities of the historical development of the Chortkiv Deane

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Kajimura, Toru. "History of Japan’s chart production in 150 years." Abstracts of the ICA 1 (July 15, 2019): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/ica-abs-1-157-2019.

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<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> In 1853, the United States sent Commodore Perry with 4 warships to Japan, and urged opening the country to the world. Since then, Japan had entered into treaties of commerce with Western nations, and opened the ports for these nations. However, Japan was in military disadvantage with other nations having charting knowledge of Japan and it surroundings. As a result, a decision was made to establish chart production capabilities in Japan in the view of the national security. Soon after, the Japanese chief military commander opened two naval officer

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Doіar, Larysa. "Territorial increase of Ukraine at the beginning of World War ІІ in the journal of the USSR (1939—1941)". Вісник Книжкової палати, № 3 (28 березня 2024): 46–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.36273/2076-9555.2024.3(332).46-52.

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The presented article was prepared within the framework of the implementation of the annual plan of scientific work of the State Printing Archive of the Book Chamber of Ukraine: in the current year 2024, we are researching domestic prints of 1940, that is, the period of the Second World War and the post-war reconstruction of the Ukrainian SSR. Establishing the thematic and substantive priorities of the periodicals of the time, the author focused attention on such a defining aspect of national state-building as the territorial expansion of Soviet Ukraine at the initial stage of the Second World

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Doiar, Larуsa. "Territorial increase of Soviet Ukraine at the beginning of World War ІІ in the journal of the USSR (1939—1941)". Вісник Книжкової палати, № 2 (22 лютого 2024): 45–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.36273/2076-9555.2024.2(331).45-48.

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The presented article was prepared within the framework of the implementation of the annual plan of scientific work of the State Printing Archive of the Book Chamber of Ukraine: in the current year 2024, we are researching domestic prints of 1940, that is, the period of the Second World War and the post-war reconstruction of the Ukrainian SSR. Establishing the thematic and substantive priorities of the periodicals of the time, the author focused attention on such a defining aspect of national state-building as the territorial expansion of Soviet Ukraine at the initial stage of the Second World

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Sierzputowski, Bartłomiej. "Public international law in the context of post-German cultural property held within Poland’s borders. A complicated situation or simply a resolution?" Leiden Journal of International Law 33, no. 4 (2020): 953–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0922156520000461.

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AbstractThe article discusses the complicated situation of post-German cultural property held within Poland’s borders after the Second World War. On 2 August 1945, ‘the Big Three’ decided a new layout of power within Europe. They reached an agreement that Silesia, Pomerania, the Free City of Danzig (Gdańsk), and part of East Prussia (Regained Territories) along with all the property which had been left on site, should be a part of Poland. One of the post-war priorities of the Polish Government was to regulate the legal status of post-German cultural property left within these newly-delineated

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Anokhin, Ivan V., and Sergey M. Katkov. "Personal identification marks of military personnel 1939–1945: a historical source and collectible." Podlinnik, no. 1 (March 2024): 27–48. https://doi.org/10.28995/3034-3224-2024-1-27-48.

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The article examines the issue of the use of personal identification marks in the Soviet and German armies during the Second World War from the point of view of material science. Unlike previously published materials, attention is focused on the personal identification mark as an object, a typology of personal identification marks of the Red Army is proposed. The broader topic of personal identification marks of the German army and Navy is represented by the most atypical examples characterizing the personal mark as an important historical source. Examples of personal identification marks as a

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BRODIE, THOMAS. "Between ‘National Community’ and ‘Milieu’: German Catholics at War, 1939–1945." Contemporary European History 26, no. 3 (2017): 421–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0960777317000169.

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This article examines German Catholics’ sense of community and identity during the Second World War. It analyses how far they were able to reconcile their religious faith with support for Nazism and the German war effort and questions the extent to which Catholicism in the Rhineland and Westphalia represented either a sealed confessional subculture or a homogenising Nazified ‘national community’ (Volksgemeinschaft). The article argues that, in their pure forms, neither of these analytical paradigms accounts for the complexities of German Catholics’ attitudes during this period, which were far

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Babenko, Oksana. "NEW SCIENTIFIC WORKS ON THE MODERN BELARUSIAN AND POLISH HISTORIOGRAPHY OF THE HISTORY OF THE LATE IMPERIAL RUSSIA AND THE SOVIET STATE." Istoriya: Informatsionno-analiticheskii Zhurnal, no. 4 (2021): 76–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.31249/rhist/2021.04.05.

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The review presents new publications on the Belarusian and the Polish historiographies of the history of the late Imperial Russia and the Soviet State. Such problems as the number and conditions of detention of foreign prisoners of war in the Belarusian territories of the Russian Empire during the First World War, the influence of the military conflicts of 1914-1921 on the identity of the inhabitants of the Belarusian lands, the initial stage of the formation of academic science in the BSSR, the question of the «invasion» of Poland by the Red Army in September 1939 are highlighted.

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Peskova, Anna Yu. "Modern Slovak drama about The Second World War." Vestnik slavianskikh kul’tur [Bulletin of Slavic Cultures] 63 (2022): 268–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.37816/2073-9567-2022-63-268-277.

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The paper addresses the Slovak drama of the 21st century dedicated to the Second World War, the Holocaust, and the Slovak National Uprising. After the “velvet revolution” of 1989, interest in the military and insurgent theme in Slovak art as a whole declined sharply, but as early as in the 21st century playwrights and theaters of Slovakia are increasingly beginning to return to these topics. Many of these plays created in the last twenty years were written in order to actualize public discussions about the period of the Slovak Republic (1939–1945), around the mass deportation of Jews from its

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Höhn, Maria. "Frau im Haus und Girl im Spiegel: Discourse on Women in the Interregnum Period of 1945–1949 and the Question of German Identity." Central European History 26, no. 1 (1993): 57–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0008938900019968.

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Defeat after the Second World War was complete for Germany, and life for the civilian population was grim. In one of Erich Kästner's poems, read at a 1947 theater production, a war widow laments that “ganz Deutschland ist ein Wartesaal mit Millionen von Frauen.” Indeed, in 1945 there were approximately seven million more women in Germany than men. More than three million German soldiers were killed in the war. Seven million German soldiers were still prisoners of war, leaving their wives and families to fend for themselves in the rubble heaps of the German cities. Adding to the hardship of the

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Reyes Novaes, André. "Maps in Newspapers." Brill Research Perspectives in Map History 1, no. 1 (2019): 1–118. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/25893963-12340001.

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Abstract Maps in newspapers generated many discussions among cartographers and geographers working from different approaches and theoretical backgrounds. This work examines these maps from a historiographical as well as a historical perspective. It considers three main questions, namely how maps in the press should be conceptualized, how cartographic images in newspapers have been studied, and how these images changed over time. In order to provide a perspective on the origins, development, and impact of war maps in the press, this work will explore maps representing three geopolitical conflic

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Andrusishin, B. І., and O. V. Tokarchuk. "Russia’s war crimes against Ukraine and attempts to conceal them (1939–2022): comparative analysis." ACTUAL PROBLEMS OF THE LEGAL DEVELOPMENT IN THE CONDITIONS OF WAR AND THE POST-WAR RECONSTRUCTION OF THE STATE, no. 13 (October 2022): 39–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.33663/2524-017x-2022-13-6.

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The article provides a comparative analysis of the methodology for concealing war crimes committed by Russia against Ukraine from the beginning of World War II to the current Russian-Ukrainian war (since 2014); show the similarity of the actions of the Nazi regime of Hitler and the racist regime of Putin in the struggle against the Ukrainian national liberation movement and its leaders in the European context. The beginning of Russia’s unprovoked war against Ukraine, the horrific atrocities of the Russian army in Bucha, Irpin, Borodyanka, Mariupol and other cities and villages of our country,

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Halo, Ali, and Hozan Mirkhan. "Kurdish Students Diaspora in Germany(1945-1975)." Humanities Journal of University of Zakho 12, no. 2 (2024): 398–408. http://dx.doi.org/10.26436/hjuoz.2024.12.2.1342.

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The migration of Kurdish students to Germany between 1945 and 1975 represents a significant phenomenon, marking the emergence of a crucial cultural phase in modern Kurdish history. Following World War II (1939-1945), numerous Kurdish students from affluent and culturally rich backgrounds migrated to Germany for educational purposes. During this period, individuals seeking to enhance their academic and cultural stature were compelled to pursue opportunities in advanced nations like Germany, given the lack of such opportunities in their home countries. Additionally, in the 1950s and 1960s, anoth

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LYNCH, FRANCES M. B. "FINANCE AND WELFARE: THE IMPACT OF TWO WORLD WARS ON DOMESTIC POLICY IN FRANCE." Historical Journal 49, no. 2 (2006): 625–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0018246x06005371.

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Fathers, families, and the state in France, 1914–1945. By Kristen Stromberg Childers. Ithaca and London: Cornell University Press, 2003. Pp. 261. ISBN 0-8014-4122-6. £23.95.Origins of the French welfare state: the struggle for social reform in France, 1914–1947. By Paul V. Dutton. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2002. Pp. 251. ISBN 0-521-81334-4. £49.99.Britain, France, and the financing of the First World War. By Martin Horn. Montreal and Kingston: McGill – Queen's University Press, 2002. Pp. 249. ISBN 0-7735-2293-X. £65.00.The gold standard illusion: France, the Bank of France and the

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Batunaev, Eduard V. "Khalkhin-Gol: Military and Political Cooperation of the USSR and the MNR (1939-1945)." Tyumen State University Herald. Humanities Research. Humanitates 5, no. 3 (2019): 173–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.21684/2411-197x-2019-5-3-173-184.

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Despite the numerous contemporary studies of military-political cooperation between the USSR and Mongolia, a lot of questions remain requiring deeper understanding and analysis. They include issues relating to the geopolitical situation, bilateral Soviet-Mongolian cooperation in the military-political and economic spheres on the eve of the Second World War. The contemporary Russian and Mongolian researchers believe that the events at Khalkhin-Gol marked the beginning of this war. Thus, this article aims to analyze the entire spectrum of the military-political and economic cooperation between t

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Lysenko, Oleksandr. "The (Un)Finished Ukrainian World War II." Genocidas ir rezistencija 1, no. 53 (2023): 205–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.61903/gr.2023.110.

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The text examines one of the most difficult periods in the history of people of Ukraine – the events of the World War II. The purpose of this survey is to show the existential nature of the largest armed conflict in the history of mankind for Ukrainians, which was determined by the real threat of depopulation, as well as the deprivation of their natural right to self-determination. Not only great and influential, but also smaller actors of international arena had their own interests in Ukrainian territories, raw materials, and industrial and human resources. However, Moscow considered Ukrai

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Dobruna, Alban. "Albanians of Kosovo in the National Liberation Anti-Fascist War during World War II (1941-1945)." Historijski pogledi 8, no. 13 (2025): 197–221. https://doi.org/10.52259/historijskipogledi.2025.8.13.197.

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In April 1941, the fascist bloc states attacked Yugoslavia, destroying and dividing it. The Albanian territories under its control, which were divided into three occupation zones, shared the fate of Yugoslavia: German, Italian, and Bulgarian. In this scientific work, I will attempt to elaborate on the origins of the conflict between the fascist occupiers and their collaborators, as well as the desire of the Albanian people in general, and especially in Kosovo, for liberation and resolution of the national question. During World War II, the anti-fascist ranks were consolidated at the national a

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Radic, Prvoslav. "From the history of Serbian question in Macedonia: Culturological aspect." Balcanica, no. 32-33 (2002): 227–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/balc0233227r.

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Contemporary Serbian Question in Macedonia is most closely related to major political events in the Balkans in 19th and 20th centuries. Starting from the social and historical processes in this region of the Balkans, the author examines this question through several fundamental periods, wishing to look into the status of Serbian population in Macedonia of the time against this background. The first period began with the First Serbian Uprising (1804) heralding the creation of the first free Serbian state in the Balkans, and ended with the conclusion of Liberation Wars (1878) leaving considerabl

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Kranz, Jerzy. "Wollt ihr den totalen Krieg? Legal, Political, and Moral Aspects of the Resettlement of German Population." Polish Review of International and European Law 7, no. 2 (2020): 9–119. http://dx.doi.org/10.21697/priel.2018.7.2.01.

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Germany had started the Second World War in an intentional and conscious manner, obviously being aware that every action can have unpredictable and unwanted consequences. The Potsdam decisions were taken by the Great Powers after assuming supreme authority in Germany. They constituted a manifestation of the Allies’ rights and responsibilities. The territorial changes of Germany and the transfer of population were part of the general regulation of the effects of the Second World War. These decisions were not a simple matter of revenge. They must be perceived in a wider political perspective of

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Graczyk, Konrad. "Denunciation in procedures before the special court in Katowice (1939–1945)." Studia nad Autorytaryzmem i Totalitaryzmem 42, no. 3 (2021): 153–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.19195/2300-7249.42.3.8.

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The study was devoted to the issue of reporting in criminal proceedings conducted by the Sondergericht Kattowitz, i.e., the Special Court in Katowice. The Sondergericht was a German crim-inal court operating in Upper Silesia incorporated into the Reich during World War II. The study attempts to answer questions about the nature and extent of reporting in criminal proceedings before the title special court, as well as the motivations of denunciators. The study adopts the understanding of denunciations as a report on someone for personal, low motives, and characterizes its scope and size during

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Busch, Wolfgang. "Historical and Contemporary Perspectives: Metaphorical Significance of Tooth Extraction in Lithographs and Postcards in the 19th and 20th Centuries in Their Specific Socio-Historical Context." Journal of the History of Dentistry 72, no. 3 (2024): 176–210. https://doi.org/10.58929/jhd.2024.072.03.176.

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In historical illustrations and caricatures, the extraction of a tooth served as a powerful metaphor and threatening gesture that extended far beyond the medical context. This article examines the symbolic significance of this dental procedure and the extracted tooth as an expression of loss, disempowerment, and territorial dispossession. T he comparison covers a wide range of visual representations from the French Revolution (17891799), the French July Revolution (1830), the Crimean War (1853-1856), the Austro-Prussian War (1866), the Franco-Prussian War (1870/71), to the First (1914-1918) an

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Andersson, Pentti. "Post-traumatic stress symptoms linked to hidden Holocaust trauma among adult Finnish evacuees separated from their parents as children in World War II, 1939–1945: a case-control study." International Psychogeriatrics 23, no. 4 (2010): 654–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1041610210001791.

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ABSTRACTBackground: The aim of this study was to identify long-term effects of diagnostic criteria on the Post Traumatic Stress Disorder Checklist (PCL-C) for a test group of Finnish evacuees from World War II and compare the outcome effect with a control group of children who lived in Finland during the war in 1939–1945.Methods: 152 participants were recruited by the local leader of the Finnish War Child Association in Sweden and Finland. The selected group answered questions on the Post Traumatic Stress Disorder Checklist (PCL-C) and the EMBU (Swedish acronym for “Own Memories of Parental Re

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Sheridan, Dorothy. "Woven Tapestries: Dialogues and Dilemmas in Editing a Diary." European Journal of Life Writing 10 (April 22, 2021): MO45—MO67. http://dx.doi.org/10.21827/ejlw.10.37405.

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Naomi Mitchison (1897-1999) was an established novelist and political campaigner throughout her life. During the Second World War, she kept an extensive daily diary from her home on the Mull of Kintyre in Scotland which she sent in instalments to the London offices of the social research organisation, Mass Observation. Until the 1980s, this diary, together with 500 other diaries for the same period, remained largely unread. It was stored as part of the valuable Mass Observation Archive which was deposited at the University of Sussex in 1970. Between 1982 and 1984 it was edited for publication

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Pron, Sofiia, and Mariia Yevhenieva. "The Kyiv Bandurist Chapel’s concert activity during the Second World War." Problems of Interaction Between Arts, Pedagogy and the Theory and Practice of Education 70, no. 70 (2024): 60–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.34064/khnum1-70.04.

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Statement of the problem. Recent research and publications. The article is dedicated to the creative activity of the Kyiv Bandurist Chapel, its origins, and stages of formation. It characterizes the peculiarities of the Chapel’s concert and touring activities and states the role played by the bandurist choir in the social and political life of Ukraine. The creativity of the Kyiv Bandurist Chapel (and later – the Taras Shevchenko Bandurist Chapel) as a spiritual phenomenon of Ukrainian musical culture has been increasingly studied over the last two decades. Published works highlight various asp

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Apanel, Danuta. "Childhood in foster care institutions in Central Pomerania between 1945 and 1975." Problemy Opiekuńczo-Wychowawcze 628, no. 3 (2024): 26–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0054.4781.

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The study provides an overview of the situation of children, victims of the war nightmare, who found themselves in foster care institutions in Central Pomerania after the end of the Second World War. The post-war period of development of these institutions was very diverse. It was associated with the social, political, administrative and economic changes that were taking place in Poland at the time. In the difficult conditions of life in the Recovered Territories, care activities for abandoned children were carried out by childcare and educational institutions, health care, daycare, and aid in

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Leszczyński, Paweł A. "System ochrony mniejszości narodowych i wyznaniowych w powersalskiej Europie Środkowej jako instrument modernizacji prawno-politycznej." Rocznik Instytutu Europy Środkowo-Wschodniej 21, no. 3 (2023): 215–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.36874/riesw.2023.3.11.

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The research objective of this article is to address the question of whether, and if so, to what extent, the system of protection of national and religious minorities created after World War I under the League of Nations, covering only some of its member states, was an instrument of modernization of the states obliged to this protection? Modernization in the legal sense – in relation to legal solution the guarantee the rights of minorities and in the political sense – did it serve the peaceful coexistence of various national and religious groups within these countries and prevented the separat

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Valčo, Michal, Daniel Slivka, Katarina Valčova, Nina I. Kryukova, Dinara G. Vasbieva, and Elmira R. Khairullina. "Samuel Štefan Osusky’s Theological-Prophetic Criticism of War and Totalitarianism." Bogoslovni vestnik 79, no. 3 (2019): 765–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.34291/bv2019/03/valco.

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: This article analyzes the thought legacy of Samuel Štefan Osuský (1888–1975), a famous Slovak philosopher and theologian, pertaining to his fight against totalitarianism and war. Having lived during arguably the most difficult period of (Czecho-)Slovak history, which included the two world wars, the emergence of independent Czechoslovakia in 1918, its fateful, forceful split by Nazi Germany in 1939, followed by its reestablishment after WWII in 1945, only to be afflicted again by a new kind of totalitarianism on the left, it is no surprise that Osuský aimed his philosophical and theological

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Kraujelis, Ramojus. "The status and the future of Baltic States and Romania in the strategy of Western Allies in the early years of the Second World War: a comparative view." Romanian Journal for Baltic and Nordic Studies 2, no. 1 (2010): 93–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.53604/rjbns.v2i1_8.

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The fate of Lithuania and Romania as well as future of the whole Central and Eastern European region was determined in the years of the Second World War. The common origin of their tragic and painful history was the Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact – the secret deal between Soviet Union and Nazi Germany, which divided Central and Eastern Europe between two totalitarian regimes. In June 1940 the three Baltic States and a part of Romania were directly occupied and annexed by the Soviet Union. The main objective of this paper is to identify, analyze and compare the attitudes of the United States and Great

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Boćkowski, Daniel. "Vilnius, which did not become the capital of West Belarus." Genocidas ir rezistencija 1, no. 25 (2024): 7–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.61903/gr.2009.101.

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The article deals with the problem of the State dependence of Vilnius on the eve and at the beginning of World War II (August–October 1939). The problem of Vilnius is considered within the broad context of international relations in Europe. Special attention is devoted to the plans and actions on the eve of Poland’s onslaught and in the second half of September 1939. After the partition by Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union the spheres of influence of Poland and the Baltic States, the question of occupation and annexation of the eastern lands of Poland (Western Ukraine, Western Belarus and Viln

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Knyrevych, Serhii, and Olha Zubko. "Belarusians on the service of UNR: Oleksandr Maksymovych Zhykhovych (1900-1973). Post scriptum: November’s interrogation in 1953 and the last years of life." Науковий вісник Чернівецького національного університету імені Юрія Федьковича. Історія 1, no. 49 (2019): 67–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.31861/hj2019.49.67-76.

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This article contains the material about one of the eleven Belarusian soldiers of the UNR Army, the student of the Ukrainian Economic Academy in Podebrady (CHSR). After surviving the Second World War in Czechoslovakia, Oleksandr Zhykhovych, in 1953 was summoned for questioning by the Czechoslovak-Soviet Committee of State Security, due to his ties to the Ukrainian political emigration of the interwar years. Among the questions, which were interested to the KDB agents, were: the emigration political organizations at the Academy of Economics and their anti-Soviet activities during 1921-1939; emp

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Радић, Првослав. "Из историје српског питања у Македонији : Културолошки аспект". Balcanica : годишњак института за балканологију 32/33 (1 січня 2001): 227–52. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6397253.

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У раду се анализира данашње српско питање у Македонији које је у најтешњој вези са крупним балканским политичким догађајима XIX и XX века. Ослањајући се на друштвеноисторијске процесе на овом делу Балкана, аутор ово питање посматра у оквиру неколико основних периода, тежећи да у тим оквирима пропрати стање српског живља у Македонији тога времена. При томе, анализа се претежно заснива на културолошком аспекту, уз праћење стања у просвети, књижевности, те култури уопште. FROM THE HISTORY OF SERBIAN QUESTION IN MACEDONIA – CULTUROLOGICAL ASPECT S u m m a r y Contemporary Serbian Question in

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FUTALA, Vasyl. "THE UKRAINIAN NATIONALIST UNDERGROUND AND THE INSURGENT MOVEMENT IN DROHOBYCH REGION IN THE 1940s–1950s: MODERN UKRAINIAN HISTORIOGRAPHY." Contemporary era 12 (2024): 173–94. https://doi.org/10.33402/nd.2024-12-173-194.

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The article examines from a historiographical point of view modern trends and prospective directions of research into the activity of underground-insurgent structures in Drohobych region in the 40s and 50s of the 20th century. It has been proven that after 1991, Ukrainian historians not only deepened the existing knowledge about the Ukrainian liberation movement in the region, but also expanded the scope of scientific research. Their greatest achievement is the introduction into scientific circulation of numerous archival materials, which contributed to the enrichment of scientific and histori

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Lysenko, Oleksandr. "(Ne)baigtas Antrasis pasaulinis karas Ukrainoje." Genocidas ir rezistencija 1, no. 53 (2023): 59–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.61903/gr.2023.103.

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The text examines one of the most difficult periods in the history of people of Ukraine – the events of the World War II. The purpose of this survey is to show the existential nature of the largest armed conflict in the history of mankind for Ukrainians, which was determined by the real threat of depopulation, as well as the deprivation of their natural right to self-determination. Not only great and influential, but also smaller actors of international arena had their own interests in Ukrainian territories, raw materials, and industrial and human resources. However, Moscow considered Ukrai

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Ciechorska-Kulesza, Karolina. "Wokół retrowersji i jakości życia. Dziedzictwo odbudowanego miasta w nowych kontekstach na przykładzie Elbląga." Kultura i Społeczeństwo 68, no. 1 (2024): 217–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.35757/kis.2024.68.1.10.

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Elbląg is an example of a city in the Western and Northern Territories of Poland that was a German city before World War II, and in 1945, as a result of changes in state borders, became part of Poland. The aim of the article is to present the heritage of Elbląg in contemporary contexts. Treating heritage as a discursive area of social reality, the author shows the main topics of contemporary urban narratives (disputes, demands, discussions) in which heritage is revealed, thus pointing to its dissonances. She also answer questions about social and cultural functions, and about the meaning of th

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Sušić, Osman. "Bosnia and Herzegovina in Serbian cultural club concepts." Historijski pogledi 3, no. 4 (2020): 108–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.52259/historijskipogledi.2020.3.4.108.

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This paper covers the period from 1937 to 1945, the period of the establishment and works of the Serbian Cultural Club. The paper will discuss the political circumstances in the Kingdom of Yugoslavia in wich Serbian Cultural Club was founded, as well as the program goals and its activities in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Special emphasis will be put on the period of the Second World War in the Bosnia and Herzegovina and the former common state and the activities of the Serbian Cultural Club in the Second World War. The work and achievement of the program goals of the Serbian Cultural Club in the Se

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ლომოური, სალომე. "მეორე მსოფლიო ომის რეფლექსია ქართველ „პოეტ-ჯარისკაცთა“ ლირიკაში". სჯანი 25 (18 жовтня 2024): 53–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.62119/sjn.25.2024.8106.

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The experiences and impressions of World War II (1939-1945) have been extensively reflected in the literature of the participating countries and have garnered significant attention. Almost eight decades have passed since the end of the war, yet this topic remains profoundly relevant. The war claimed the lives of 25 million soldiers and 55 million civilians, including 11 million who perished in concentration camps, making it the bloodiest conflict in world history. Many poets actively participated in the war, vividly describing what they witnessed and felt on the battlefield. However, the war's

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Shikunova, I. A., and P. P. Shcherbinin. "Political lessons of the medical aspects of the Holocaust through the prism of the evolution of german medicine." Sovremennaya nauka i innovatsii, no. 3 (43) (2023): 224–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.37493/2307-910x.2023.3.23.

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The study of the rejection of the moral principles of medical workers and scientists, their societies and academic institutions in favor of a murderous ideology raises fundamental concerns and global implications for the education and practice of current and future medical workers. The worst-case scenario in medicine raises deeply disturbing but important questions here and now: could the Holocaust, one of the greatest evils ever committed against humanity, happen without the complicity of doctors, their societies and the scientific professional community? How did healers become murderers? Cou

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Cicėnienė, Rima. "Kodikologija Lietuvoje 1918–1990 metais: tarp knygos istorijos ir paleografijos." Knygotyra 81 (December 22, 2023): 109–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/knygotyra.2023.81.4.

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The article discusses the development of the discipline of codicology in Lithuania in the period 1918-1990 thus continuing the research carried out from the early 19th century until 1918. The concept of codicology and its affiliation with the discipline of book studies allow us to identify the chronology of the research with the development of book studies, which entered the stage of independent science in the period under discussion. This was also the time when the discipline of codicology in Western Europe underwent a quantum leap - with the birth of the term codicology and the emphasis on i

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Piirimäe, Kaarel. "“Tugev Balti natsionalistlik keskus” ning Nõukogude välispropaganda teel sõjast rahuaega ja külma sõtta [Abstract: “The strong Baltic nationalistic centre” and Soviet foreign propaganda: from war to peace and toward the Cold War]." Ajalooline Ajakiri. The Estonian Historical Journal, no. 4 (September 10, 2019): 305–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.12697/aa.2018.4.03.

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Abstract: “The strong Baltic nationalistic centre” and Soviet foreign propaganda: from war to peace and toward the Cold War This special issue focuses on censorship, but it is difficult to treat censorship without also considering propaganda. This article discusses both censorship and foreign propaganda as complementary tools in the Soviet Union’s arsenal for manipulating public opinion in foreign countries. The purpose of such action was to shape the behaviour of those states to further Soviet interests. The article focuses on the use of propaganda and censorship in Soviet efforts to se

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Van Velthoven, Harry. "'Amis ennemis'? 2 Communautaire spanningen in de socialistische partij 1919-1940. Verdeeldheid. Compromis. Crisis. Tweede deel: 1935-1940." WT. Tijdschrift over de geschiedenis van de Vlaamse beweging 77, no. 2 (2019): 101–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.21825/wt.v77i2.15682.

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Rond 1910 werd in de BWP de Vlaamse kwestie een vrije kwestie. De ‘versmelting’ van twee volken in een ‘âme belge’, via tweetaligheid, werd afgewezen. Onder impuls van Huysmans beriep het Vlaamse socialisme zich op de idee van culturele autonomie: het recht op onderwijs in de moedertaal van de lagere school tot de universiteit en dus de vernederlandsing van de Gentse Rijksuniversiteit. Daarmee behoorde het Vlaamse socialisme tot de voorhoede van de Vlaamse beweging. Het Waalse socialisme daarentegen verdedigde nog de superioriteit van het Frans en de mythe van een tweetalig Vlaanderen, en kant

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BARAN, Zoya. "National question in Poland: according to the survey of the Warsaw periodical Kurjer Polski (1924)." Problems of slavonic studies 70 (2021): 43–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.30970/sls.2021.70.3736.

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Background. At the beginning of the 1920’s, after establishing the borders of the restored Polish State, its eastern territories were dominated by the Ukrainian, Belarusian and Lithuanian populations, and in the western part, a significant percentage were Germans. Accordingly, the state faced the problem of developing a constructive policy towards national minorities. Purpose. The article analyzes the attitude of the Polish intellectual elite to the prob-lem of national minorities, whose opinions were partially reflected in a poll conducted in July and August 1924 by the liberal Warsaw newspap

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Wienberg, Jes. "Kanon og glemsel – Arkæologiens mindesmærker." Kuml 56, no. 56 (2007): 237–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.7146/kuml.v56i56.24683.

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Canon and oblivion. The memorials of archaeologyThe article takes its point of departure in the sun chariot; the find itself and its find site at Trundholm bog where it was discovered in 1902. The famous sun chariot, now at the National Museum in Copenhagen, is a national treasure included in the Danish “Cultural Canon” and “History Canon”.The find site itself has alternated between experiencing intense attention and oblivion. A monument was erected in 1925; a new monument was then created in 1962 and later moved in 2002. The event of 1962 was followed by ceremonies, speeches and songs, and a

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Casati, Claudio, and Lasse Sørensen. "Bornholm i ældre stenalder – Status over kulturel udvikling og kontakter." Kuml 55, no. 55 (2006): 9–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.7146/kuml.v55i55.24689.

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The cultural development and contacts on Bornholm during the late Palaeolithic and MesolithicThis paper presents the current status of research concerning the late Palaeolithic and Mesolithic cultures on the island of Bornholm in the Baltic Sea. Due to the island’s geographical position between Scandinavia and continental Europe, it can reveal important regional knowledge of all cultures throughout prehistoric times. The article also discusses subjects relating to island-archaeology, such as migration and possible isolation. Furthermore, the results show an updated picture of the settlement pa

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