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Journal articles on the topic 'Worm-like chain model'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 10 February 2022

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1

Xu, Xin, and Ying Jiang. "Applications of worm-like chain model in polymer physics." International Journal of Modern Physics B 32, no. 18 (2018): 1840006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979218400064.

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Saito, Takahashi and Yunoki developed the continuous version of worm-like chain (WLC) model that is very suitable for description of the polymer conformational properties affected by chain rigidity. By adjusting persistence length directly, the WLC model can depict the extensive range of chain conformations from flexible chains to rigid chains. It is widely accepted that more physical properties of real polymer can be obtained by utilizing coarse-grained model than Gaussian chain (GSC). This paper reviews the applications of the WLC model in the framework based on self-consistent field theory,

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2

Fu, Yi-Ben, Yu-Ru Liu, Peng-Ye Wang, and Ping Xie. "A revised worm-like chain model for elasticity of polypeptide chains." Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics 56, no. 4 (2017): 297–307. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/polb.24541.

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Hillgärtner, Markus, Kevin Linka, and Mikhail Itskov. "Worm-like chain model extensions for highly stretched tropocollagen molecules." Journal of Biomechanics 80 (October 2018): 129–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiomech.2018.08.034.

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4

Ogden, Ray W., Giuseppe Saccomandi, and Ivonne Sgura. "On worm-like chain models within the three-dimensional continuum mechanics framework." Proceedings of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 462, no. 2067 (2005): 749–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspa.2005.1592.

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In this paper, we review critically some basic models derived from the statistics of long-chain molecules and then discuss the status of such models within the three-dimensional nonlinear theory of elasticity. We draw attention to some deficiencies of certain worm-like chain (WLC) models when viewed within the three-dimensional continuum mechanics framework. Modifications of the WLC models motivated by such considerations and avoiding these deficiencies are then discussed and shown to correspond well with data generated by the exact WLC model.

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Xiao, Hongyi, Xinghua Zhang, and Dadong Yan. "A Local-Exchange Model of Folding Chain Surface of Polymer Crystal Based on Worm-Like Chain Model within Single-Chain in Mean-Field Theory." Polymers 12, no. 11 (2020): 2555. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym12112555.

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The structure of amorphous layer of folding surface controls the properties of the polymer lamellar crystal, which consists of chains with a loop conformation. The surface tension depends on the length and the distance between two injection points of the loop which involving the reptation motion and lateral exchange motion of the stems. In the present work, a local-exchange motion model based on the worm-like chain model is developed to investigate the effects of lateral motion of stems on the release the surface tension. The optimal distance between two injection points is determined by the b

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Ou, C. R. "WORM LIKE CHAIN MODEL - PROPOGATIONS OF THE DOMAIN WALLS AND THE STABILITIES ISSUES." Journal of Biomechanics 40 (January 2007): S734. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0021-9290(07)70722-4.

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7

Chan, Yue, Richard G. Haverkamp, and James M. Hill. "Force-extension formula for the worm-like chain model from a variational principle." Journal of Theoretical Biology 262, no. 3 (2010): 498–504. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jtbi.2009.10.009.

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8

Liao, Xinyu, Prashant K. Purohit, and Arvind Gopinath. "Extensions of the worm-like-chain model to tethered active filaments under tension." Journal of Chemical Physics 153, no. 19 (2020): 194901. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0025200.

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9

DING, YAN, and TIEJUN LI. "A NOTE ON THE ANALYSIS OF A HETEROGENEOUS ROD-LIKE CHAIN IN DNA MODELING." International Journal of Modern Physics B 22, no. 14 (2008): 2213–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979208039460.

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Two different results concerning the elastic behavior of the heterogeneous worm-like chain (WLC) [D. Bensimon et al., Europhys. Lett.42, 97 (1998)] and rod-like chain (RLC) [P. Nelson, Phys. Rev. Lett.80, 5810 (1998)] are compared. We argue that the RLC is a more suitable model for double-stranded (ds-) DNA. As the hetero-RLC is the basic model for studying sequence-dependent ds-DNA, a rigorous path integral analysis for the effective bending persistence length is performed in the weak disorder limit. The novelty of the paper is in analyzing a path integral on the Lie group SO(3) with random f

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Hsu, Hsiao-Ping, Wolfgang Paul, and Kurt Binder. "Polymer chain stiffness vs. excluded volume: A Monte Carlo study of the crossover towards the worm-like chain model." EPL (Europhysics Letters) 92, no. 2 (2010): 28003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1209/0295-5075/92/28003.

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CHEN, HU, HONGXIA FU, ZHEN ZHOU, and JIE YAN. "NON-HARMONIC DNA BENDING ELASTICITY IS REVEALED BY STATISTICS OF DNA MINICIRCLE SHAPES." International Journal of Modern Physics B 24, no. 28 (2010): 5475–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979210056682.

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Unusual DNA elasticity has been observed in a few recent experiments for DNA under tight bending conditions. Here we present new experimental evidence demonstrating unusual DNA bending elasticity by analyzing the atomic force microscope (AFM) images of DNA minicircles of sizes 189 and 378 base-pairs that are relaxed on 2D surface. The DNA shape distributions are found in disagreement with the canonical 50 nm persistence length based worm-like chain (WLC) model. Instead, they are found in agreement with the recently proposed flexible defect excitation model and linear subelastic chain (LSEC) mo

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Rittman, Martyn, Emma Gilroy, Hashem Koohy, Alison Rodger, and Adair Richards. "Is DNA a worm-like chain in Couette flow?: In search of persistence length, a critical review." Science Progress 92, no. 2 (2009): 163–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.3184/003685009x462205.

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Persistence length is the foremost measure of DNA flexibility. Its origins lie in polymer theory which was adapted for DNA following the determination of B-DNA structure in 1953. There is no single definition of persistence length used, and the links between published definitions are based on assumptions which may, or may not be, clearly stated. DNA flexibility is affected by local ionic strength, solvent environment, bound ligands and intrinsic sequence-dependent flexibility. This article is a review of persistence length providing a mathematical treatment of the relationships between four de

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13

Niu, Yingli, Xiangyu Bu, and Xinghua Zhang. "Single Chain Mean-Field Theory Study on Responsive Behavior of Semiflexible Polymer Brush." Materials 14, no. 4 (2021): 778. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14040778.

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The application of single chain mean-field theory (SCMFT) on semiflexible chain brushes is reviewed. The worm-like chain (WLC) model is the best mode of semiflexible chain that can continuously recover to the rigid rod model and Gaussian chain (GC) model in rigid and flexible limits, respectively. Compared with the commonly used GC model, SCMFT is more applicable to the WLC model because the algorithmic complexity of the WLC model is much higher than that of the GC model in self-consistent field theory (SCFT). On the contrary, the algorithmic complexity of both models in SCMFT are comparable.

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Xiao, Ye, Zaixing Huang, Lei Qiang, and Jun Gao. "Elastic response of DNA molecules under the action of interfacial traction and stretching: An elastic thin rod model." Modern Physics Letters B 29, no. 31 (2015): 1550193. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217984915501936.

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In a multivalent salt solution, a segment of DNA is modeled as an elastic rod subjected to the interfacial traction. The shooting method is used to calculate the equilibrium configurations of condensed DNA under the action of the longitudinal end-force and interfacial traction simultaneously. The results show that the shapes of DNA are mainly determined by the competition between the interfacial energy and elastic strain energy of stretching. The change of end-to-end distance with the longitudinal end-force is consistent with the worm-like chain (WLC) model. The higher the concentration is, th

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Aliev, M. A. "Influence of polydispersity on the isotropic-nematic boundary in melt of semiflexible diblock copolymer." Modern Physics Letters B 29, no. 35n36 (2015): 1550240. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217984915502401.

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The analytical expressions have been obtained to describe the dependence of spinodal curve at which isotropic state of polydisperse melt of semiflexible diblock copolymer becomes unstable with respect to formation of nematic state on the polydispersity indices of the blocks, parameters of anisotropic interactions, and flexibility of blocks. The flexibility of blocks is taken into account within discrete worm-like chain model, lengths of blocks are assumed to be distributed by the Schulz–Zimm distribution. It is shown that increase of degree of polydispersity of blocks yields the increase of ne

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I'Anson, K. J., V. J. Morris, P. R. Shewry, and A. S. Tatham. "Small-angle X-ray-scattering studies of the C hordeins of barley (Hordeum vulgare)." Biochemical Journal 287, no. 1 (1992): 183–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj2870183.

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Small angle X-ray scattering was used to study the solution conformation of the C hordeins of barley (Hordeum vulgare), a group of proteins whose primary structure consists predominantly of an octapeptide repeat motif. Measurements on the protein in 0.1 M-acetic acid at 25 degrees C are consistent with a model for the protein conformation of a stiff coil, the so-called ‘worm-like’ chain. The characteristic parameters (the Kuhn statistical segment length and the contour length) of the protein were calculated as 5.11 and 71.5 nm respectively.

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Yesudasan, Sumith, and Rodney D. Averett. "Multiscale Network Modeling of Fibrin Fibers and Fibrin Clots with Protofibril Binding Mechanics." Polymers 12, no. 6 (2020): 1223. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym12061223.

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The multiscale mechanical behavior of individual fibrin fibers and fibrin clots was modeled by coupling atomistic simulation data and microscopic experimental data. We propose a new protofibril element composed of a nonlinear spring network, and constructed this based on molecular simulations and atomic force microscopy results to simulate the force extension behavior of fibrin fibers. This new network model also accounts for the complex interaction of protofibrils with one another, the effects of the presence of a solvent, Coulombic attraction, and other binding forces. The network model was

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Zhou, L. W., Yu-Qian Zhang, Xiao-Long Deng, and M. B. Liu. "ICCM2015(Paper ID:1148): DPD Simulation of the Movement and Deformation of Bioconcave Cells." International Journal of Computational Methods 13, no. 04 (2016): 1641003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219876216410036.

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This paper presents a dissipative particle dynamics (DPDs) method for investigating the movement and deformation of biconcave shape red blood cells (RBCs) with the worm-like chain (WLC) bead spring. First, the stretching of a RBC is modeled and the obtained shape evolution of the cell agrees well with experimental results. Second, the movement and deformation of a RBC in shear flows are investigated and three typical modes (tumbling, intermittent and tank-treading) are observed. Lastly, an illustrating example of multi-RBCs in Poiseuille flow in a tube is simulated. We conclude that the presen

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Ehret, Alexander E., and Markus Böl. "Modelling mechanical characteristics of microbial biofilms by network theory." Journal of The Royal Society Interface 10, no. 78 (2013): 20120676. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2012.0676.

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In this contribution, we present a constitutive model to describe the mechanical behaviour of microbial biofilms based on classical approaches in the continuum theory of polymer networks. Although the model is particularly developed for the well-studied biofilms formed by mucoid Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains, it could easily be adapted to other biofilms. The basic assumption behind the model is that the network of extracellular polymeric substances can be described as a superposition of worm-like chain networks, each connected by transient junctions of a certain lifetime. Several models that

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DONG, SHIJIN, HAITAO ZHANG, XUEJUN CUI, ZHENYING SUI, JIA XU, and HONGYAN WANG. "MESOSCOPIC SIMULATION ON THE PHASE STRUCTURE OF PLURONIC P105 AQUEOUS SOLUTION." Journal of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry 09, no. 04 (2010): 767–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219633610005955.

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The mesoscopic dynamic simulation (MesoDyn) has been carried out to investigate the phase structure and the aggregate properties of triblock copolymers (ethylene oxide)37 (propylene oxide)56 (ethylene oxide)37 (P105) in aqueous solution. A Gaussian chain model is successfully built according to the equivalent chain method and the Flory–Huggins interaction parameters, χ, used for determining the repulsions between different chain segments are computed. Simulation results show that P105 can form several microstructures including spherical micelles, ellipsoid micellar cluster, worm-like micelles,

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Shon, Min Ju, Sang-Hyun Rah, and Tae-Young Yoon. "Submicrometer elasticity of double-stranded DNA revealed by precision force-extension measurements with magnetic tweezers." Science Advances 5, no. 6 (2019): eaav1697. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aav1697.

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Submicrometer elasticity of double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) governs nanoscale bending of DNA segments and their interactions with proteins. Single-molecule force spectroscopy, including magnetic tweezers (MTs), is an important tool for studying DNA mechanics. However, its application to short DNAs under 1 μm is limited. We developed an MT-based method for precise force-extension measurements in the 100-nm regime that enables in situ correction of the error in DNA extension measurement, and normalizes the force variability across beads by exploiting DNA hairpins. The method reduces the lower limit

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Peters, Justin P., and L. James Maher. "DNA curvature and flexibility in vitro and in vivo." Quarterly Reviews of Biophysics 43, no. 1 (2010): 23–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033583510000077.

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AbstractIt has been more than 50 years since the elucidation of the structure of double-helical DNA. Despite active research and progress in DNA biology and biochemistry, much remains to be learned in the field of DNA biophysics. Predicting the sequence-dependent curvature and flexibility of DNA is difficult. Applicability of the conventional worm-like chain polymer model of DNA has been challenged. The fundamental forces responsible for the remarkable resistance of DNA to bending and twisting remain controversial. The apparent ‘softening’ of DNA measured in vivo in the presence of kinking pro

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Wang, Qing, Nan Hu, and Junbo Duan. "Fitting of Atomic Force Microscopy Force Curves with a Sparse Representation Model." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2021 (July 28, 2021): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/1951456.

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Atomic force microscopy (AFM) is a high-resolution scanning technology, and the measured data are a set of force curves, which can be fitted with a piecewise curve model and be analyzed further. Most methods usually follow a two-step strategy: first, the discontinuities (or breakpoints) are detected as the boundaries of two consecutive pieces; second, each piece separated by the discontinuities is fitted with a parametric model, such as the well-known worm-like chain (WLC) model. The disadvantage of this method is that the fitting (the second step) accuracy depends largely on the discontinuity

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Harrington, Matthew J., S. Scott Wasko, Admir Masic, F. Dieter Fischer, Himadri S. Gupta, and Peter Fratzl. "Pseudoelastic behaviour of a natural material is achieved via reversible changes in protein backbone conformation." Journal of The Royal Society Interface 9, no. 76 (2012): 2911–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2012.0310.

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The egg capsules of marine prosobranch gastropods, commonly know as whelks, function as a protective encapsulant for whelk embryos in wave-swept marine environments. The proteinaceous sheets comprising the wall of whelk egg capsules (WEC) exhibit long-range reversible extensibility with a hysteresis of up to 50 per cent, previously suggested to result from reversible changes in the structure of the constituent protein building blocks. Here, we further investigate the structural changes of the WEC biopolymer at various hierarchical levels using several different time-resolved in situ approaches

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Menzel, Andreas, and Tobias Waffenschmidt. "A microsphere-based remodelling formulation for anisotropic biological tissues." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 367, no. 1902 (2009): 3499–523. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2009.0103.

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Biological tissues possess the ability to adapt according to the respective local loading conditions, which results in growth and remodelling phenomena. The main goal of this work is the development of a new remodelling approach that, on the one hand, reflects the alignment of fibrous soft biological tissue with respect to representative loading directions. On the other hand, the continuum approach proposed is based on a sound micro-mechanically motivated formulation. To be specific, use of a worm-like chain model is made to describe the behaviour of long-chain molecules as present in, for ins

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Marin-Gonzalez, Alberto, Cesar L. Pastrana, Rebeca Bocanegra, et al. "Understanding the paradoxical mechanical response of in-phase A-tracts at different force regimes." Nucleic Acids Research 48, no. 9 (2020): 5024–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkaa225.

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Abstract A-tracts are A:T rich DNA sequences that exhibit unique structural and mechanical properties associated with several functions in vivo. The crystallographic structure of A-tracts has been well characterized. However, the mechanical properties of these sequences is controversial and their response to force remains unexplored. Here, we rationalize the mechanical properties of in-phase A-tracts present in the Caenorhabditis elegans genome over a wide range of external forces, using single-molecule experiments and theoretical polymer models. Atomic Force Microscopy imaging shows that A-tr

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Monsen, Robert C., Srinivas Chakravarthy, William L. Dean, Jonathan B. Chaires, and John O. Trent. "The solution structures of higher-order human telomere G-quadruplex multimers." Nucleic Acids Research 49, no. 3 (2021): 1749–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkaa1285.

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Abstract Human telomeres contain the repeat DNA sequence 5′-d(TTAGGG), with duplex regions that are several kilobases long terminating in a 3′ single-stranded overhang. The structure of the single-stranded overhang is not known with certainty, with disparate models proposed in the literature. We report here the results of an integrated structural biology approach that combines small-angle X-ray scattering, circular dichroism (CD), analytical ultracentrifugation, size-exclusion column chromatography and molecular dynamics simulations that provide the most detailed characterization to date of th

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POELERT, SANDER L., HARRIE H. WEINANS, and AMIR A. ZADPOOR. "FINITE ELEMENT MODELING OF THE THERMAL FLUCTUATIONS OF A SINGLE ANISOTROPIC POLYMER." Journal of Mechanics in Medicine and Biology 13, no. 04 (2013): 1350056. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219519413500565.

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Thermal fluctuations of microtubules (MTs) and other cytoskeletal filaments govern to a great extent the complex rheological properties of the cytoskeleton in eukaryotic cells. In recent years, much effort has been put into capturing the dynamics of these fluctuations by means of analytical and numerical models. These attempts have been very successful for, but also remain limited to, isotropic polymers. To correctly interpret experimental work on (strongly) anisotropic semiflexible polymers, there is a need for a numerical modeling tool that accurately captures the dynamics of polymers with a

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Errington, Wesley J., Bence Bruncsics, and Casim A. Sarkar. "Mechanisms of noncanonical binding dynamics in multivalent protein–protein interactions." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 116, no. 51 (2019): 25659–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1902909116.

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Protein multivalency can provide increased affinity and specificity relative to monovalent counterparts, but these emergent biochemical properties and their mechanistic underpinnings are difficult to predict as a function of the biophysical properties of the multivalent binding partners. Here, we present a mathematical model that accurately simulates binding kinetics and equilibria of multivalent protein–protein interactions as a function of the kinetics of monomer–monomer binding, the structure and topology of the multidomain interacting partners, and the valency of each partner. These proper

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Travers, Timothy, William K. Kanagy, Rachael A. Mansbach та ін. "Combinatorial diversity of Syk recruitment driven by its multivalent engagement with FcεRIγ". Molecular Biology of the Cell 30, № 17 (2019): 2331–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1091/mbc.e18-11-0722.

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Syk/Zap70 family kinases are essential for signaling via multichain immune-recognition receptors such as tetrameric (αβγ2) FcεRI. Syk activation is generally attributed to cis binding of its tandem SH2 domains to dual phosphotyrosines within FcεRIγ-ITAMs (immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motifs). However, the mechanistic details of Syk docking on γ homodimers are unresolved. Here, we estimate that multivalent interactions for WT Syk improve cis-oriented binding by three orders of magnitude. We applied molecular dynamics (MD), hybrid MD/worm-like chain polymer modeling, and live cell im

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Viader-Godoy, Xavier, Maria Manosas, and Felix Ritort. "Sugar-Pucker Force-Induced Transition in Single-Stranded DNA." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 9 (2021): 4745. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22094745.

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The accurate knowledge of the elastic properties of single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) is key to characterize the thermodynamics of molecular reactions that are studied by force spectroscopy methods where DNA is mechanically unfolded. Examples range from DNA hybridization, DNA ligand binding, DNA unwinding by helicases, etc. To date, ssDNA elasticity has been studied with different methods in molecules of varying sequence and contour length. A dispersion of results has been reported and the value of the persistence length has been found to be larger for shorter ssDNA molecules. We carried out pulling

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Underhill, Patrick T., and Patrick S. Doyle. "Alternative spring force law for bead-spring chain models of the worm-like chain." Journal of Rheology 50, no. 4 (2006): 513–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1122/1.2206713.

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Liu, Yi, Wenpeng Cao, Wenjing Cao, X. Long Zheng та Xiaohui Zhang. "Binding of Gpibα to VWF A2 Domain Alters Mechanical Unraveling of the A2 Domain". Blood 136, Supplement 1 (2020): 24–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2020-143275.

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Background: Von Willebrand factor (VWF), is a large, multimeric plasma glycoprotein that plays a critical role in hemostasis. VWF is synthesized and secreted as ultra large (UL) multimers that contain up to 100 protomers. If not processed by ADAMTS13, a plasma metalloprotease, ULVWF may initiate the spontaneous formation of life-threatening thrombi, as seen in thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP). The cleavage site is buried under the central β-sheet within the VWF-A2 domain and tensile force is required to expose the cleavage site for ADAMTS13. Our prior studies demonstrate that several

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Rappaport, S. M., and Y. Rabin. "Differential geometry of polymer models: worm-like chains, ribbons and Fourier knots." Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and Theoretical 40, no. 17 (2007): 4455–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1751-8113/40/17/003.

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Ding, Wan, Qiang Ruan, and Yan-an Yao. "Design and locomotion analysis of a novel deformable mobile robot with two spatial reconfigurable platforms and three kinematic chains." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science 231, no. 8 (2016): 1481–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954406216641453.

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A novel five degrees of freedom deformable mobile robot composed of two spatial reconfigurable platforms and three revolute–prismatic–spherical kinematic chains acting in parallel to link the two platforms is proposed to realize large deformation capabilities and multiple locomotion modes. Each platform is an improved deployable single degrees of freedom three-plane-symmetric Bricard linkage. By taking advantage of locomotion collaborating among platforms and kinematic chains, the mobile robot can fold into stick-like shape and possess omnidirectional rolling and worm-like motions. The mechani

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Tan, Sisi, and Mingze Xu. "Numerical Studies of Shape Recovery of a Red Blood Cell Using Dissipative Particle Dynamics." International Journal of Computational Methods 17, no. 07 (2019): 1950032. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219876219500324.

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A biological cell exhibits viscoelastic behavior mainly because its components (membrane and cytoplasm) are viscoelastic, and this is clearly seen when it is stretched and released. The present work numerically studied the shape recovery of a red blood cell (RBC) based on a viscoelastic model at the meso-scale using Dissipative Particle Dynamics (DPD) method. In this model, the RBC membrane is represented by a triangular network of worm-like chains, while the cytoplasm is replaced by a system of DPD particles. This viscoelastic model is validated by examining the stretching deformation of an R

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Chow, Andrea W., Steven P. Bitler, Paul E. Penwell, and James F. Wolfe. "Synthesis and Dilute Solution Characterization of Extended Chain Poly(Benzazoles)." MRS Proceedings 134 (1988). http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/proc-134-173.

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ABSTRACTThis paper reports the synthesis method for polymerizaing poly(2,6-benzothiazole) (ABPBT) and poly(2,5-benzoxazole) (ABPBO), and their dilute solution properties using low angle light scattering and viscometry. Our data indicate that the Mark-Houwink-Sakurada exponents for these extended-chain polymers are near unity, suggesting a semi-rigid conformation in dilute solutions. The solution properties agree well with the Yamakawa-Fujii worm-like chain model when persistence lengths of 130 Å and 90 Å are assumed for ABPBT and ABPBO, respectively. These values of persistence length are also

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Kothari, Konik, Yuhang Hu, Sahil Gupta, and Ahmed Elbanna. "Mechanical Response of Two-Dimensional Polymer Networks: Role of Topology, Rate Dependence, and Damage Accumulation." Journal of Applied Mechanics 85, no. 3 (2018). http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.4038883.

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The skeleton of many natural and artificial soft materials can be abstracted as networks of fibers/polymers interacting in a nonlinear fashion. Here, we present a numerical model for networks of nonlinear, elastic polymer chains with rate-dependent crosslinkers similar to what is found in gels. The model combines the worm-like chain (WLC) at the polymer level with the transition state theory for crosslinker bond dynamics. We study the damage evolution and the force—displacement response of these networks under uniaxial stretching for different loading rates, network topology, and crosslinking

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Deng, Yichen, and Steven W. Cranford. "Tunable Toughness of Model Fibers With Bio-Inspired Progressive Uncoiling Via Sacrificial Bonds and Hidden Length." Journal of Applied Mechanics 85, no. 11 (2018). http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.4040646.

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Nature has a proven track record of advanced materials with outstanding mechanical properties, which has been the focus of recent research. A well-known trade-off between ultimate strength and toughness is one of the main challenges in materials design. Progress has been made by mimicking tough biological fibers by applying the concepts of (1) sacrificial bond and (2) hidden length, providing a so-called “safety-belt” for biological materials. Prior studies indicate a relatively common behavior across scales, from nano- to macro-, suggesting the potential of a generalized theoretical mechanist

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Chen, Bin, and Chenling Dong. "Modeling Deoxyribose Nucleic Acid as an Elastic Rod Inlaid With Fibrils." Journal of Applied Mechanics 81, no. 7 (2014). http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.4026988.

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A classical view of the double-stranded deoxyribose nucleic acid (DNA) as an isotropic elastic rod fails to explain its high flexibility manifested in the formation of sharp loops that are essential in gene regulation and DNA storage. Since the basic structure of DNA can be divided into the external highly polar backbone and the internal hydrophobic bases, here we model DNA as an elastic rod inlaid with fibrils. If the fibrils are much stiffer than the rod, we find that the persistence length of short DNA can be much smaller than that of long DNA with an adapted shear lag analysis. Consequentl

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Liu, Yujiong, and Pinhas Ben-Tzvi. "A New Extensible Continuum Manipulator Using Flexible Parallel Mechanism and Rigid Motion Transmission." Journal of Mechanisms and Robotics 13, no. 3 (2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.4050097.

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Abstract An extensible continuum manipulator (ECM) has specific advantages over its nonextensible counterparts. For instance, in certain applications, such as minimally invasive surgery or pipe inspection, the base motion might be limited or disallowed. The additional extensibility provides the robot with more dexterous manipulation and a larger workspace. Existing continuum robot designs achieve extensibility mainly through artificial muscle/pneumatic, extensible backbone, concentric tube, and base extension, etc. This article proposes a new way to achieve this additional motion degree-of-fre

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"Nanomechanical Characterization of Apolipoprotein A-I Amyloid Fibrils." Issue 2 2020, no. 2 (2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.26565/2312-4334-2020-2-11.

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Amyloid fibrils represent a special type of protein aggregates that are currently receiving enormous attention due to their strong implication in molecular etiology of a wide range of human disorders. Amyloid fibrils represent highly ordered self-assemblies sharing a core cross-β-sheet structure. Such organization of the fibrils is responsible for amyloid insolubility and exceptional mechanical properties. The remarkable rigidity of the protein fibrillar aggregates is due to intra- and interstrand hydrogen bonds which stabilize the β-strand scaffold of amyloid fibrils. Increasing evidence indi

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Hillgärtner, Markus, Kevin Linka, and Mikhail Itskov. "Comparative study of worm‐like chain models for collagen molecules." PAMM 18, no. 1 (2018). http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pamm.201800111.

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