Journal articles: 'Wound healing assay'

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Wu, Shang-Ying, Yung-Shin Sun, Kuan-Chen Cheng, and Kai-Yin Lo. "A Wound-Healing Assay Based on Ultraviolet Light Ablation." SLAS TECHNOLOGY: Translating Life Sciences Innovation 22, no. 1 (July 10, 2016): 36–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2211068216646741.

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Collective cell migration plays important roles in many physiological processes such as embryonic development, tissue repair, and angiogenesis. A “wound” occurs when epithelial cells are lost and/or damaged due to some external factors, and collective cell migration takes place in the following wound-healing process. To study this cellular behavior, various kinds of wound-healing assays are developed. In these assays, a “wound,” or a “cell-free region,” is created in a cell monolayer mechanically, chemically, optically, or electrically. These assays are useful tools in studying the effects of certain physical or chemical stimuli on the wound-healing process. Most of these methods have disadvantages such as creating wounds of different sizes or shapes, yielding batch-to-batch variation, and damaging the coating of the cell culture surface. In this study, we used ultraviolet (UV) lights to selectively kill cells and create a wound out of a cell monolayer. A comparison between the current assay and the traditional scratch assay was made, indicating that these two methods resulted in similar wound-healing rates. The advantages of this UV-created wound-healing assay include fast and easy procedure, high throughput, and no direct contact to cells.

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Maini, P. K., D. L. S. McElwain, and D. Leavesley. "Travelling waves in a wound healing assay." Applied Mathematics Letters 17, no. 5 (May 2004): 575–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0893-9659(04)90128-0.

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Luan, Shaoliang, Rui Hao, Yuanchen Wei, Deyong Chen, Beiyuan Fan, Fengliang Dong, Wei Guo, Junbo Wang, and Jian Chen. "A microfabricated 96-well wound-healing assay." Cytometry Part A 91, no. 12 (November 20, 2017): 1192–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cyto.a.23286.

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van der Meer, Andries D., Kim Vermeul, André A. Poot, Jan Feijen, and István Vermes. "A microfluidic wound-healing assay for quantifying endothelial cell migration." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 298, no. 2 (February 2010): H719—H725. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.00933.2009.

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Endothelial migration is an important process in the formation of blood vessels and the repair of damaged tissue. To study this process in the laboratory, versatile and reliable migration assays are essential. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether the microfluidic version of the conventional wound-healing assay is a useful research tool for vascular science. Endothelial cells were seeded in a 500-μm-wide microfluidic channel. After overnight incubation, cells had formed a viable and confluent monolayer. Then, a wound was generated in this monolayer by flushing the channel with three parallel fluid streams, of which the middle one contained the protease trypsin. By analyzing the closing of the wound over time, endothelial cell migration could be measured. Although the migration rate was two times lower in the microfluidic assay than in the conventional assay, an identical 1.5-times increase in migration rate was found in both assays when vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF165) was added. In the microfluidic wound-healing assay, a stable gradient of VEGF165 could be generated at the wound edge. This led to a two-times increase in migration rate compared with the untreated control. Finally, when a shear stress of 1.3 Pa was applied to the wound, the migration rate increased 1.8 times. In conclusion, the microfluidic assay is a solid alternative for the conventional wound-healing assay when endothelial cell migration is measured. Moreover, it offers unique advantages, such as gradient generation and application of shear stress.

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Shabestani Monfared, Ghazal, Peter Ertl, and Mario Rothbauer. "Microfluidic and Lab-on-a-Chip Systems for Cutaneous Wound Healing Studies." Pharmaceutics 13, no. 6 (May 26, 2021): 793. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics13060793.

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Cutaneous wound healing is a complex, multi-stage process involving direct and indirect cell communication events with the aim of efficiently restoring the barrier function of the skin. One key aspect in cutaneous wound healing is associated with cell movement and migration into the physically, chemically, and biologically injured area, resulting in wound closure. Understanding the conditions under which cell migration is impaired and elucidating the cellular and molecular mechanisms that improve healing dynamics are therefore crucial in devising novel therapeutic strategies to elevate patient suffering, reduce scaring, and eliminate chronic wounds. Following the global trend towards the automation, miniaturization, and integration of cell-based assays into microphysiological systems, conventional wound healing assays such as the scratch assay and cell exclusion assay have recently been translated and improved using microfluidics and lab-on-a-chip technologies. These miniaturized cell analysis systems allow for precise spatial and temporal control over a range of dynamic microenvironmental factors including shear stress, biochemical and oxygen gradients to create more reliable in vitro models that resemble the in vivo microenvironment of a wound more closely on a molecular, cellular, and tissue level. The current review provides (a) an overview on the main molecular and cellular processes that take place during wound healing, (b) a brief introduction into conventional in vitro wound healing assays, and (c) a perspective on future cutaneous and vascular wound healing research using microfluidic technology.

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Saha, Susmita, Deepjyoti Bhattacharjee, Anwesha Saha, Gahin De, Partha Saha, and S. K. Sil. "Wound healing promoting activity of Earthworm, Eutyphoeus gammiei (Beddard): in vitro studies on human skin keratinocyte cell line (HaCat)." Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics 8, no. 6 (November 15, 2018): 155–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v8i6.2036.

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Earthworm, Eutyphoeus gammiei, homogenate (EGH) was screened for wound healing activity on human keratinocyte cell line, HaCat, by cell proliferation and migration assays. The maximum proliferation and migration of keratinocyte cells were observed at the dose of 25μg/ml. As cell proliferation and migration are key factors for wound healing, the study clearly suggests the potential role of earthworm species Eutyphoeus gammiei on wound healing. Keywords: Eutyphoeus gammiei, Keratinocyte, MTT assay, scratch assay.

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Lin, Jin-Young, Kai-Yin Lo, and Yung-Shin Sun. "Effects of Substrate-Coating Materials on the Wound-Healing Process." Materials 12, no. 17 (August 29, 2019): 2775. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma12172775.

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The wound-healing assay is commonly and widely used for investigating collective cell migration under various physical and chemical stimuli. Substrate-coating materials are shown to affect the wound-healing process in a cell-type dependent manner. However, experiment-to-experiment variations make it difficult to compare results from different assays. In this paper, a modified barrier wound-healing assay was reported for studying the wound-healing process on different substrates in one single petri dish. In short, half of a dish was covered with the tape, and coating materials, poly-l-lysine and gelatin, were applied to the surface. After peeling off the tape, half of the surface was coated with the desired material. Then a customized barrier was placed inside the dish to create the wound. The results indicated that surface coating did not affect cell proliferation/viability, and the wound-healing rate increased in coated surfaces compared to uncoated ones. The present study provides a platform for further understanding the mechanisms of substrate coating-dependent wound-healing processes.

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Lara-Reyes, Jesús Antonio, Mariana Giezi Jimenez-Buendia, Gonzalo Emiliano Aranda-Abreu, Deissy Herrera-Covarrubias, Clara Luz Sampieri, Arnoldo Aquino-Galvez, Jorge Manzo-Denes, María Elena Hernández-Aguilar, and Fausto Rojas-Durán. "Razor scrape assay, an alternative variation to wound and healing assays." MethodsX 7 (2020): 101135. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mex.2020.101135.

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Andrgie, Abegaz Tizazu, Haile Fentahun Darge, Tefera Worku Mekonnen, Yihenew Simegniew Birhan, Endiries Yibru Hanurry, Hsiao-Ying Chou, Chih-Feng Wang, Hsieh-Chih Tsai, Jen Ming Yang, and Yen-Hsiang Chang. "Ibuprofen-Loaded Heparin Modified Thermosensitive Hydrogel for Inhibiting Excessive Inflammation and Promoting Wound Healing." Polymers 12, no. 11 (November 6, 2020): 2619. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym12112619.

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Hydrogels have been investigated as ideal biomaterials for wound treatment owing to their ability to form a highly moist environment which accelerates cell migration and tissue regeneration for prompt wound healing. They can also be used as a drug carrier for local delivery, and are able to activate immune cells to enhance wound healing. Here, we developed heparin-conjugated poly(N-isopropylacrylamide), an injectable, in situ gel-forming polymer, and evaluated its use in wound healing. Ibuprofen was encapsulated into the hydrogel to help reduce pain and excessive inflammation during healing. In addition to in vitro studies, a BALB/c mice model was used to evaluate its effect on would healing and the secretion of inflammatory mediators. The in vitro assay confirmed that the ibuprofen released from the hydrogel dramatically reduced lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation by suppressing the production of NO, PGE2 and TNF-α in RAW264.7 macrophages. Moreover, an in vivo wound healing assay was conducted by applying hydrogels to wounds on the backs of mice. The results showed that the ibuprofen-loaded hydrogel improved healing relative to the phosphate buffered saline group. This study indicates that ibuprofen loaded in an injectable hydrogel is a promising candidate for wound healing therapy.

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Zhu, Na, Shuai Meng, Jianchun Li, Tianjun Liu, and Saeed Rohani. "Fenugreek Extract-Loaded Polycaprolacton/Cellulose Acetate Nanofibrous Wound Dressings for Transplantation of Unrestricted Somatic Stem Cells: An In Vitro and In Vivo Evaluation." Journal of Biomedical Nanotechnology 18, no. 9 (September 1, 2022): 2216–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jbn.2022.3424.

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Complex pathophysiology of diabetic wounds causes a delayed wound healing response. Advanced wound dressing materials that deliver biochemical cues are of particular interest in wound healing research. Here, we developed a dual-function delivery vehicle for drug and cell delivery applications to treat diabetic wounds. The delivery system was developed via electrospinning of polycaprolacton/cellulose acetate solution containing fenugreek extract. The produced delivery vehicle was characterized using microstructural studies, cell viability assay, cytoprotection assay, cell migration assay, In Vitro anti-inflammatory assay, free radical scavenging assay, tensile strength studies, swelling studies, and protein adsorption test. Scaffolds were then seeded with 30000 unrestricted somatic stem cells and transplanted into the rat model of excisional diabetic wound. Wound healing assay showed that the co-delivery of fenugreek extract and unrestricted somatic stem cells led to a substantial improvement in the healing activity of electrospun dressings, as evidenced by higher wound contraction, epithelial thickness, and collagen deposition in this group compared with other experimental groups. Gene expression analysis showed that dual-function delivery system could increase the expression level of VEGF, b-FGF, and collagen type II genes. Furthermore, the tissue expression level of IL-1β and glutathione peroxidase genes was significantly reduced in this group compared with other groups. This study shows that the developed system may be considered as a potential treatment modality for diabetic wounds in the clinic.

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Suriyah, Wastuti Hidayati, Aisyah Juares Rizal, Hana Syakirah Mohamed Nadzirin, Solachuddin Jauhari Arief Ichwan, and Muhammad Lokman Md Isa. "In Vitro Wound Healing Effect of Asiaticoside Extracted from Centella asiatica (‘Pegaga’) on Human Gingival Fibroblast Cell Line." Materials Science Forum 1025 (March 2021): 224–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.1025.224.

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Asiaticoside is a bioactive compound found in the traditional plant Centella asiatica (Asiatic pennywort or ‘Pegaga’) generally used for wound healing applications. Numerous studies have discussed the potential benefits of asiaticoside on different human cells such as keratinocytes and dermal fibroblast cells in healing of wounds. However only very few studies have been conducted to investigate its healing effect on cells originated from human oral cavity. The present study aimed to determine the potential of asiaticoside on human gingival fibroblast cells. Cytotoxic activities of the compounds were assessed by MTT assay. The wound healing was examined by scratch assay. The effect of asiaticoside on Col1A1 gene expression was also analyzed using qRT-PCR. Col1A1 is known to play a crucial role in wound healing. The MTT assay result showed that the maximum tolerable concentration of asiaticoside was 0.25 mg/ml. The scratch assay revealed that asiaticoside significantly accelerated the wound healing compared to the negative control (P<0.05). Moreover, the qRT-PCR demonstrated that asiaticoside markedly increased Col1A1 mRNA expression. These results proved asiaticoside as a potential candidate for wound healing agent in dentistry.

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Markhoff, Jana, Andreas Brietzke, and Niels Grabow. "Preadaptation of cell numbers for wound healing assays." Current Directions in Biomedical Engineering 7, no. 2 (October 1, 2021): 295–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/cdbme-2021-2075.

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Abstract In vitro wound healing assays are a suitable application to verify the efficiency of pharmaceuticals or growth factors that will be incorporated in or immobilized to e.g. electrospun biomaterials for wound dressings or other biological devices in advance. Thereby, various factors like culture conditions or cell density influence the specific cell proliferation. Hence, to establish a wound healing assay for various cell types, a stepwise adaptation of cell numbers was done for better estimation and comparison of cell density for the validation of the influence of drugs on the wound healing process. Cell proliferation of different tissue relevant cell types was evaluated by impedance measurements and live cell imaging. Cell numbers could be successfully adapted for assay specific cell densities. In general, a universal comparison of biological or chemical materials and agents in vitro may require the creation of appropriate ISO or OECD standards for a consistent and cell specific adaptation or demand of initial cell density.

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Keese, C. R., J. Wegener, S. R. Walker, and I. Giaever. "Electrical wound-healing assay for cells in vitro." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 101, no. 6 (January 27, 2004): 1554–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0307588100.

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Jagiełło, Kacper, Oliwia Uchańska, Konrad Matyja, Mateusz Jackowski, Benita Wiatrak, Paweł Kubasiewicz-Ross, and Ewa Karuga-Kuźniewska. "Supporting the Wound Healing Process—Curcumin, Resveratrol and Baicalin in In Vitro Wound Healing Studies." Pharmaceuticals 16, no. 1 (January 6, 2023): 82. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ph16010082.

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The purpose of the investigation was to evaluate the effect of the selected bioflavonoids curcumin, resveratrol and baicalin on the wound healing process in an in vitro model. In the study, Balb3t3 and L929 cell lines were used. The first step was the evaluation of the cytotoxicity of the substances tested (MTT assay). Then, using the scratch test (ST), the influence of bioflavonoids on the healing process was evaluated in an in vitro model. The second stage of the work was a mathematical analysis of the results obtained. On the basis of experimental data, the parameters of the Brian and Cousens model were determined in order to determine the maximum value of the cellular and metabolic response that occurs for the examined range of concentrations of selected bioflavonoids. In the MTT assays, no cytotoxic effect of curcumin, resveratrol and baicalin was observed in selected concentrations, while in the ST tests for selected substances, a stimulatory effect was observed on the cell division rate regardless of the cell lines tested. The results obtained encourage further research on the use of substances of natural origin to support the wound healing process.

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Park, Sungjoo, Eunsu Ko, Jun Hyoung Lee, Yoseb Song, Chang-Hao Cui, Jingang Hou, Byeong Min Jeon, Hun Sik Kim, and Sun Chang Kim. "Gypenoside LXXV Promotes Cutaneous Wound Healing In Vivo by Enhancing Connective Tissue Growth Factor Levels Via the Glucocorticoid Receptor Pathway." Molecules 24, no. 8 (April 23, 2019): 1595. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules24081595.

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Cutaneous wound healing is a well-orchestrated event in which many types of cells and growth factors are involved in restoring the barrier function of skin. In order to identify whether ginsenosides, the main active components of Panax ginseng, promote wound healing, the proliferation and migration activities of 15 different ginsenosides were tested by MTT assay and scratched wound closure assay. Among ginsenosides, gypenoside LXXV (G75) showed the most potent wound healing effects. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the effects of G75 on wound healing in vivo and characterize associated molecular changes. G75 significantly increased proliferation and migration of keratinocytes and fibroblasts, and promoted wound closure in an excision wound mouse model compared with madecassoside (MA), which has been used to treat wounds. Additionally, RNA sequencing data revealed G75-mediated significant upregulation of connective tissue growth factor (CTGF), which is known to be produced via the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) pathway. Consistently, the increase in production of CTGF was confirmed by western blot and ELISA. In addition, GR-competitive binding assay and GR translocation assay results demonstrated that G75 can be bound to GR and translocated into the nucleus. These results demonstrated that G75 is a newly identified effective component in wound healing.

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Freiesleben, Sara H., Jens Soelberg, Nils T. Nyberg, and Anna K. Jäger. "Determination of the Wound Healing Potentials of Medicinal Plants Historically Used in Ghana." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2017 (2017): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/9480791.

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The present study was carried out to investigate the wound healing potentials of 17 medicinal plants historically used in Ghana for wound healing. Warm and cold water extracts were prepared from the 17 dried plant species and tested in vitro in the scratch assay with NIH 3T3 fibroblasts from mice. The wound healing scratch assay was used to evaluate the effect of the plants on cell proliferation and/or migration in vitro, as a test for potential wound healing properties. After 21 hours of incubation increased proliferation and/or migration of fibroblasts in the scratch assay was obtained for 5 out of the 17 plant species. HPLC separation of the most active plant extract, which was a warm water extract of Philenoptera cyanescens, revealed the wound healing activity to be attributed to rutin and a triglycoside of quercetin. The present study suggests that Allophylus spicatus, Philenoptera cyanescens, Melanthera scandens, Ocimum gratissimum, and Jasminum dichotomum have wound healing activity in vitro.

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Greene-Roos, Jennifer A., and Mary Laughlin. "Umbilical cord derived monocytes and platelet rich plasma for diabetic wound healing." Journal of Immunology 198, no. 1_Supplement (May 1, 2017): 81.27. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.198.supp.81.27.

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Abstract Chronic non-healing ulcers are a significant complication present in approximately 15% of diabetic patients. Despite standard clinical treatment including wound dressing, debridement of necrotic tissue, and offloading, 15–27% of patients with diabetic ulcer will require amputation. Deep infection is a risk factor for amputation. Platelet rich plasma (PRP) and stem cells have been tested for potential application to treat diabetic ulcers and have been shown to improve wound healing. Umbilical cord blood provides robust cellular and secreted products with therapeutic potential, but remains yet to be fully exploited as a resource for wound healing strategies. Our initial proof of concept studies indicate that umbilical cord blood derived monocytes and platelet rich plasma enhance wound healing processes measured by in vitro assays. When compared to monocytes or platelet rich plasma alone, monocytes and platelet rich plasma significantly enhanced neovascularization as measured by the matrigel angiogenesis assay. Monocytes and platelet rich plasma enhanced fibroblast migration in a wound scratch assay. Additionally, monocytes and platelet rich plasma enhance proliferation of endothelial cells and fibroblasts. Furthermore, these monocytes have potent antibacterial effects as measured by their ability to phagocytose P. aeruginosa in vitro. Collectively, this in vitro data indicates that this product could heal wounds by a mechanism involving enhancing neovascularization, proliferation, migration, and antibacterial activities, all processes which are dysregulated in diabetic wound healing.

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Subitha, R., P. Senthilkumar, and K. Gobinath. "In vivo wound healing potential of chitosan gel based silver nanoparticles synthesized from Martynia annua." Research Journal of Biotechnology 17, no. 9 (August 25, 2022): 119–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.25303/1709rjbt1190133.

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A green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) incorporated chitosan gel for wound healing applications was developed using medicinal plant Martynia annua fresh leaves extract. The utilization of various medicinal plant materials for the biosynthesis of nanoparticles is considered a green synthetic technology as it does not require any harmful chemicals. The present study dealt with green synthesized AgNPs from M. annua followed by being incorporating into chitosan gel as a delivery system to evaluate their wound healing potential. Attrition of silver nitrate was used to synthesize silver nanoparticles using aqueous plant extracts. Watersoluble organic (or) phytochemical compounds present in the plant materials are responsible to reduce the silver ions to nano-sized silver nanoparticles. The green synthesized nanoparticles were characterized by UV-visible spectroscopy, FT-IR spectroscopy, particle size, zeta potential and cytotoxicity assay. Based on the result of cytotoxicity assay, AgNPs minimum inhibitory concentration of cytotoxicity was fixed incorporated into chitosan gel. The plain chitosan gel and AgNPs incorporated chitosan gel were used to evaluate the in vivo wound healing activity (excision) in Wister albino rats. After complete wound healing, rate of contraction, period of epithelization, histopathology of skin, antioxidant assays (Lipid Peroxidation (LPO), myeloperoxidase (MPO)), antiinflammatory biomarker study of CycloOxygenase (COX-2) were studied. Silver nanoparticles potentially accelerate the wound healing. The present research suggests that the synergistic combination of silver nanoparticle and chitosan is a promising strategy to address various wounds and has better wound healing capacity.

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Dhillon, Prabhpreet K., Xinyin Li, Jurgen T. Sanes, Oluwafemi S. Akintola, and Bingyun Sun. "Method comparison for analyzing wound healing rates." Biochemistry and Cell Biology 95, no. 3 (June 2017): 450–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/bcb-2016-0163.

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Wound healing scratch assay is a frequently used method to characterize cell migration, which is an important biological process in the course of development, tissue repair, and immune response for example. The measurement of wound healing rate, however, varies among different studies. Here we summarized these measurements into three types: (I) direct rate average; (II) regression rate average; and (III) average distance regression rate. Using Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells as a model, we compared the three types of analyses on quantifying the wound closing rate, and discovered that type I & III measurements are more resistant to outliers, and type II analysis is more sensitive to outliers. We hope this study can help researchers to better use this simple yet effective assay.

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Yıldız, Erdost, Özgün Melike Gedar Totuk, Adriano Mollica, Kerem Kabadayı, and Afsun Şahin. "Effects of Biphalin on Corneal Epithelial Wound Healing." Proceedings 2, no. 25 (December 5, 2018): 1552. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2251552.

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After physical or surgical damage of corneal epithelium, most of analgesic drugs, like non-selective opioid agonists and non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs, cannot be used because of their negative effects on wound healing process. Biphalin is selective µ and Δ opioid receptor agonist which has proven analgesic effects on rodents. Our purpose of study is finding effects of biphalin on wound healing of corneal epithelium. We used primary culture of human corneal epithelial cells (HCECs) for examining effects of biphalin on wound healing. Firstly, we measured toxicity of Biphalin in various concentrations with MTT assay and we showed biphalin has no toxic effects on HCECs in lower concentrations than 100 µM in various incubation times. After MTT assay, we administered 1 µM and 10 µM biphalin at in vitro scratch assay of HCECs, biphalin increased wound closure process significantly at 1 µM concentration (p < 0.05). Then we tested effects of biphalin on cell migration and proliferation separately. Bifalin increased migration of HCECs significantly (p < 0.01) at transwell migration assay. But we did not observe any significant difference between groups in Ki67 proliferation assay. In all these experiments, we also used naloxone to inhibiting effects of biphalin. In biphalin plus naloxone groups, effects of biphalin decrease partially. Our study results suggest, biphalin has positive effects on epithelial wound healing via opioid receptors. This effect because of increased migration of HCECs under influence of biphalin. With these findings, we propose biphalin as a new analgesic agent for post-surgical and post-traumatic care of corneal epithelial wounds.

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Conde, A. J., E. Salvatierra, O. Podhajcer, L. Fraigi, and R. E. Madrid. "Wound healing assay in a low-cost microfluidic platform." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 477 (December 31, 2013): 012035. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/477/1/012035.

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Kim, Sun Min, Insu Lee, Galahm Park, and Tae-Joon Jeon. "Nano-pattern integrated biomimetic system for wound healing assay." New Biotechnology 31 (July 2014): S174. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nbt.2014.05.892.

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Boo-Chai, Khoo. "Laboratory research of biomechanics assay of skin wound healing." Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery 98, no. 2 (August 1996): 381. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00006534-199608000-00050.

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Ascione, Flora, Sergio Caserta, and Stefano Guido. "The wound healing assay revisited: A transport phenomena approach." Chemical Engineering Science 160 (March 2017): 200–209. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ces.2016.11.014.

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Ban, Weng Kit, Isabel Lim Fong, Heng Yen Khong, and Joyce Hui Yie Phung. "Wound Healing, Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Properties of Clinacanthus nutans (Burm.f.) Lindau and Strobilanthes crispus (L.) Blume Extracts." Molecules 27, no. 5 (March 6, 2022): 1722. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules27051722.

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Clinacanthus nutans is known to be an anticancer and antiviral agent, and Strobilanthes crispus has proven to be an antidiuretic and antidiabetic agent. However, there is a high possibility that these plants possess multiple beneficial properties, such as antimicrobial and wound healing properties. This study aims to assess the wound healing, antioxidant, and antimicrobial properties of Clinacanthus nutans and Strobilanthes crispus. The Clinacanthus nutans and Strobilanthes crispus leaves were dried, ground, and extracted with ethanol, acetone, and chloroform through cold maceration. In a modified scratch assay with co-incubation of skin fibroblast and Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Clinacanthus nutans and Strobilanthes crispus extracts were assessed for their wound healing potential, and the antimicrobial activities of Clinacanthus nutans and Strobilanthes crispus extracts were performed on a panel of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria on Mueller–Hinton agar based on a disc diffusion assay. To assess for antioxidant potential, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), total phenolic and total flavonoid assays were conducted. In the modified scratch assay, Clinacanthus nutans extracts aided in the wound healing activity while in the presence of MRSA, and Strobilanthes crispus extracts were superior in antimicrobial and wound healing activities. In addition, Strobilanthes crispus extracts were superior to Clinacanthus nutans extracts against Pseudomonas aeruginosa on Mueller–Hinton agar. Acetone-extracted Clinacanthus nutans contained the highest level of antioxidant in comparison with other Clinacanthus nutans extracts.

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Amin, Zahra A., Hapipah M. Ali, Mohammed A. Alshawsh, Pouya H. Darvish, and Mahmood A. Abdulla. "Application ofAntrodia camphorataPromotes Rat’s Wound HealingIn Vivoand Facilitates Fibroblast Cell ProliferationIn Vitro." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2015 (2015): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/317693.

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Antrodia camphoratais a parasitic fungus from Taiwan, it has been documented to possess a variety of pharmacological and biological activities. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the potential ofAntrodia camphorataethanol extract to accelerate the rate of wound healing closure and histology of wound area in experimental rats. The safety ofAntrodia camphoratawas determinedin vivoby the acute toxicity test andin vitroby fibroblast cell proliferation assay. The scratch assay was used to evaluate thein vitrowound healing in fibroblast cells and the excision model of wound healing was testedin vivousing four groups of adultSprague Dawleyrats. Our results showed that wound treated withAntrodia camphorataextract and intrasite gel significantly accelerates the rate of wound healing closure than those treated with the vehicle. Wounds dressed withAntrodia camphorataextract showed remarkably less scar width at wound closure and granulation tissue contained less inflammatory cell and more fibroblast compared to wounds treated with the vehicle. Masson’s trichrom stain showed granulation tissue containing more collagen and less inflammatory cell inAntrodia camphoratatreated wounds. In conclusion,Antrodia camphorataextract significantly enhanced the rate of the wound enclosure in rats and promotes thein vitrohealing through fibroblast cell proliferation.

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Chittasupho, Chuda, Amornrat Manthaisong, Siriporn Okonogi, Sarin Tadtong, and Weerasak Samee. "Effects of Quercetin and Curcumin Combination on Antibacterial, Antioxidant, In Vitro Wound Healing and Migration of Human Dermal Fibroblast Cells." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 1 (December 23, 2021): 142. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms23010142.

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Wound healing impairment due to a postponed, incomplete, or uncoordinated healing process has been a challenging clinical problem. Much research has focused on wound care, particularly on discovery of new therapeutic approaches for acute and chronic wounds. This study aims to evaluate the effect of the combination of quercetin and curcuminoids at three different ratios on the antimicrobial, antioxidant, cell migration and wound healing properties. The antioxidant activities of quercetin, curcuminoids and the mixtures were tested by DPPH and ABTS free radical scavenging assays. The disc diffusion method was performed to determine the antibacterial activities of quercetin, curcuminoids and the mixtures against S. aureus and P. aeruginosa. The cytotoxicity and cell migratory enhancing effects of quercetin, curcuminoids and the mixtures against human dermal fibroblasts were investigated by MTT assay, scratch assay and Transwell migration assay, respectively. The results showed the synergism of the quercetin and curcuminoid combination to inhibit the growth of S. aureus and P. aeruginosa, with the inhibition zone ranging from 7.06 ± 0.25 to 8.78 ± 0.38 mm, respectively. The DPPH free radical scavenging assay demonstrated that the combination of quercetin and curcuminoids yielded lower IC50 values (15.38–23.70 µg/mL) than curcuminoids alone (25.75 µg/mL). Quercetin and a 3:1 quercetin/curcuminoid mixture at non-toxic concentrations showed the ability to stimulate the migration of fibroblasts across the matrix, whereas only quercetin alone accelerated the wound closure of fibroblasts. In conclusion, the mixture of quercetin and curcuminoids at a 3:1 ratio was the best formulations for use in wound healing due to the antimicrobial, antioxidant and cell-migration-enhancing activities.

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Kawano, Yayoi, Viorica Patrulea, Emmanuelle Sublet, Gerrit Borchard, Takuya Iyoda, Rihoko Kageyama, Asa Morita, et al. "Wound Healing Promotion by Hyaluronic Acid: Effect of Molecular Weight on Gene Expression and In Vivo Wound Closure." Pharmaceuticals 14, no. 4 (March 28, 2021): 301. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ph14040301.

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Hyaluronic acid (HA) has been known to play an important role in wound healing process. However, the effect of molecular weight (MW) of exogenously administered HA on the wound healing process has not been fully understood. In this study, we investigated HA with different MWs on wound healing process using human epidermal keratinocytes and dermal fibroblasts. Cell proliferation and migration ability were assessed by water soluble tetrazolium (WST) assay and wound scratch assay. We examined the effect of HA addition in a full-thickness wound model in mice and the gene expression related to wound healing. Proliferation and migration of HaCaT cells increased with the increase of MW and concentration of HA. Interleukin (IL-1β), IL-8 and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) as well as matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 and MMP-13 were significantly upregulated by high molecular weight (HMW) HA in keratinocytes. Together with VEGF upregulation and the observed promotion of HaCaT migration, HA with the MW of 2290 kDa may hold potential to improve re-epithelialization, a critical obstacle to heal chronic wounds.

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Choi, Sun-Hye, Kyung-Jong Won, Rami Lee, Han-Sung Cho, Sung-Hee Hwang, and Seung-Yeol Nah. "Wound Healing Effect of Gintonin Involves Lysophosphatidic Acid Receptor/Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Signaling Pathway in Keratinocytes." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 18 (September 21, 2021): 10155. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms221810155.

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Gintonin, a novel compound of ginseng, is a ligand of the lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) receptor. The in vitro and in vivo skin wound healing effects of gintonin remain unknown. Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate the effects of gintonin on wound healing-linked responses, especially migration and proliferation, in skin keratinocytes HaCaT. In this study, 2,3-bis-(2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium-5-carboxanilide assay, Boyden chamber migration assay, scratch wound healing assay, and Western blot assay were performed. A tail wound mouse model was used for the in vivo test. Gintonin increased proliferation, migration, and scratch closure in HaCaT cells. It also increased the release of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in HaCaT cells. However, these increases, induced by gintonin, were markedly blocked by treatment with Ki16425, an LPA inhibitor, PD98059, an ERK inhibitor, 1,2-Bis(2-aminophenoxy)ethane-N,N,N′,N′-tetraacetic acid tetrakis (acetoxymethyl ester), a calcium chelator, and U73122, a PLC inhibitor. The VEGF receptor inhibitor axitinib also attenuated gintonin-enhanced HaCaT cell proliferation. Gintonin increased the phosphorylation of AKT and ERK1/2 in HaCaT cells. In addition, gintonin improved tail wound healing in mice. These results indicate that gintonin may promote wound healing through LPA receptor activation and/or VEGF release-mediated downstream signaling pathways. Thus, gintonin could be a beneficial substance to facilitate skin wound healing.

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Chaitrakoonthong, Tatcha, Ruchanee Ampornaramveth, and Paksinee Kamolratanakul. "Rinsing with L-Ascorbic Acid Exhibits Concentration-Dependent Effects on Human Gingival Fibroblast In Vitro Wound Healing Behavior." International Journal of Dentistry 2020 (March 21, 2020): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/4706418.

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Vitamin C or L-ascorbic acid has diverse functions in the body, especially healing promotion in tissue injury via participating in the hydroxylation reactions required for collagen formation. Systemic administration of vitamin C plays an important role on gingival fibroblast proliferation and functions. Whether local or rinsing administration of vitamin C alters gingival fibroblast wound healing behavior remains unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the rinsing effect of vitamin C on gingival fibroblast behavior utilizing an in vitro wound healing model. Primary human gingival fibroblasts isolated from gingival tissue were rinsed with medium containing various concentrations of vitamin C. The rinsing effect of vitamin C on in vitro wound healing was assessed using a scratch test assay. Cell migration, cell viability, and extracellular matrix gene expression were analyzed by transwell migration assay, MTT assay, and real-time RT-PCR, respectively. We found that rinsing with 10 or 20 µg/ml vitamin C significantly increased fibroblast migration (p≤0.05). However, no significant effect was found in the cell viability or in vitro wound healing assays. In contrast, rinsing with 50 µg/ml vitamin C significantly delayed wound closure (p≤0.05). Real-time PCR demonstrated that 50 µg/ml vitamin C significantly increased fibroblast expression of COL1, FN, IL-6, and bFGF. The data demonstrate that rinsing with vitamin C (10/20 µg/ml) accelerates fibroblast migration. However, 50 µg/ml of vitamin C increases the expression of COL1, FN, IL-6, and bFGF, which are related to fibroblast wound healing activity. Prescribing vitamin C with the appropriate duration and drug administration method should be determined to maximize its benefit.

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Alsareii, Saeed Ali, Nasser A. N. Alzerwi, Mansour Yousef AlAsmari, Abdulrahman Manaa Alamri, Mater H. Mahnashi, and Ibrahim Ahmed Shaikh. "Topical Application of Premna integrifolia Linn on Skin Wound Injury in Rats Accelerates the Wound Healing Process: Evidence from In Vitro and In Vivo Experimental Models." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2022 (April 13, 2022): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/6449550.

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Background. When the skin and tissues within the body are injured, the healing process begins. Medicinal herbs have been used to cure wounds since time immemorial. The antimicrobial and antioxidant activity possessed by P. integrifolia may accelerate wound healing. Objectives. To assess the wound healing activity of Premna integrifolia extract (PIE) by employing in-vivo experimental animal models and an in-vitro migration scratch assay. Furthermore, to assess its cytotoxicity using the MTT assay. Methods. Wistar albino rats were used for the in vivo wound healing models. The animals were divided into four groups at random: Group I was untreated. Group II was vehicle control (ointment base). Group III was PIE ointment (5% W/W). Group IV was standard (povidone-iodine ointment) (5% W/W). The ointments were applied directly to the wounds as described above until they healed completely. The wound contraction percentage and tensile strength were calculated. The MTT test was used to determine the viability of the test extract against the fibroblast cells. The scratch assay was used in vitro to determine the wound healing potential of the test drug. P ≤ 0.05 values were considered statistically significant. Results. Premna integrifolia extract did not possess any noticeable cytotoxicity to the cell line and showed an IC50 of 185.98 μg/ml. The wound contraction potential of PIE ointment-treated animals was considerably greater ( P ≤ 0.001 ) on days 4, 8, 12, 16, and 20 when compared to the control group. The percentage of wound contraction on day 20 was 99.92% in PIE-treated animals compared to 83.23% in untreated animals. Compared to the untreated group, the duration of full epithelization was significantly ( P ≤ 0.01 ) shorter in the test group. When compared to the incision control group, the animals treated with PIE ointment had significantly higher ( P ≤ 0.001 ) tensile strength. In addition, animals given the test drug had a significant ( P ≤ 0.001 ) increase in total protein and hydroxyproline. In the in vitro scratch assay, test drug-treated cells demonstrated greater cell migration. Histology images confirmed that the test drug-treated group had epithelial tissue proliferation and keratinization. Conclusion. The current study found that Premna integrifolia improved wound healing activity both in vitro and in vivo. These findings indicate that Premna integrifolia extract has wound-healing potential and could be a viable source of nutraceuticals with wound-healing properties.

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Bakari, G. G., S. A. Mshamu, M. H. Ally, R. A. Max, and H. Bai. "In-vitro Wound Healing Properties of Commiphora swynnertonii Resinous Extracts." Tanzania Veterinary Journal 38 (September 4, 2021): 32–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/tvj.v38i1.6s.

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Wound healing is a complex multicellular process involving many cell types which include; inflammatory cells, endothelial cells, fibroblasts and keratinocytes. The process involves an orderly sequence of events with four overlapping phases namely; haemostasis, inflammatory, proliferation and remodeling phases. The process can be facilitated by the use of wound healing agents including herbal remedies from plants. In this study the main objective was to evaluate the in vitro wound healing activity of the resin obtained from Commiphora swynnertonii (C.swynnertonii). First the NIH -3T3 cells viability were evaluated using (3-(4, 5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyl Tetrazolium Bromide (MTT) assay. Then the wound scratch assay model was used to evaluate cellular proliferation, closure of the wound and release of matrix metalloproteinase enzymes. Results indicate differences in mean cell viability between different concentrations within 24 hours of incubation. The highest viability was recorded at the concentration of 1% (v/v). The in-vitro wound scratch assay showed positive NIH - 3T3 cells proliferation on the wound area and cells migration when compared with control group (without treatment) at 0 and 24 hours. In addition, C. swynnertonii was able to stimulate secretion of MMP-2 release from NIH - 3T3 cells. MMP-2 is an important enzyme for extracellular matrix remodeling during wound healing suggesting that C. swynnertonii promotes wound healing by stimulating cell proliferation and production of MMP-2 in a mechanism that is currently not known.

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Kim, Minho, Jae-Goo Kim, and Ki-Young Kim. "Trichosanthes kirilowii Extract Promotes Wound Healing through the Phosphorylation of ERK1/2 in Keratinocytes." Biomimetics 7, no. 4 (October 7, 2022): 154. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomimetics7040154.

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The proliferation of keratinocytes is one of the important steps in the wound-healing process, which is regulated by various signals. Prior studies have shown that Trichosanthes kirilowii extract has the ability to promote angiogenesis. Therefore, in this study, we tested the wound-healing efficacy of Trichosanthes kirilowii extract with respect to promoting keratinocyte proliferation. A total of 100 μg/mL of Trichosanthes kirilowii extract treatment improved 145.38% of keratinocyte proliferation compared with DMSO-treated control in an MTT assay and increased 238.2% of wound closure by re-epithelialization in an in vitro wound-healing assay. Trichosanthes kirilowii extract promoted ERK1/2 phosphorylation in western blot analysis and induced the expression of the c-fos and c-jun (AP-1 transcription factors), cyclins (cell cycle regulator), and growth factors CTGF and VEGF (stimulator of angiogenesis) in qRT-PCR analysis. An in vivo wound-healing assay showed that Trichosanthes kirilowii extract improved wound healing, and the significant difference in wound closure compared with DMSO-treated control was shown on days 6 and 7 with a mouse model. Taken together, we demonstrate that Trichosanthes kirilowii extract promotes the proliferation of keratinocytes by activating ERK1/2 and increasing the mRNA expression of c-fos, c-jun, CTGF, and VEGF. Therefore, we suggest Trichosanthes kirilowii extract as a new component for skin care and as a wound-healing substance.

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O’Connor, Naphtali A., Abdulhaq Syed, Madeline Wong, Josiah Hicks, Greisly Nunez, Andrei Jitianu, Zach Siler, and Marnie Peterson. "Polydopamine Antioxidant Hydrogels for Wound Healing Applications." Gels 6, no. 4 (October 31, 2020): 39. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/gels6040039.

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Antioxidants are known to improve the wound healing process and are researched as a therapeutic strategy to treat chronic wounds. Dopamine is a known neurotransmitter with antioxidant properties that can be polymerized to form polydopamine (PDA). Herein, polydopamine is demonstrated as an antioxidant biomaterial. In prior work, we developed methodology to prepare hydrogels by crosslinking polysaccharides with polyamines via epichlorohydrin and NaOH. Using this previously developed methodology, dextran hydrogels crosslinked with polydopamine were prepared. Darkening of the gels indicated the increasing incorporation of polydopamine within the hydrogels. In addition to basic pH, polydopamine can be formed by reaction with polyethylene imine (PEI), which results in PEI-PDA copolymer. Dextran was similarly crosslinked with the PEI-PDA copolymer and resulted in sturdier, darker gels, which had more polydopamine incorporated. Hydrogel morphology and strength were dependent on the feed ratios of dopamine. Antioxidant activity of polydopamine containing hydrogel was confirmed and shown to be dependent on the amount of dopamine used in hydrogel synthesis. Hydrogels with 0.5 dopamine to dextran feed ratio scavenged 78.8% of radicals in a 2,2′-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) antioxidant assay while gels with no dopamine scavenged only 1.4% of radicals. An ex vivo wound healing assay showed considerable cell migration with the PEI-PDA containing hydrogel.

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Santos, Tarsizio S., Izabella D. D. dos Santos, Rose N. Pereira-Filho, Silvana V. F. Gomes, Isabel B. Lima-Verde, Maria N. Marques, Juliana C. Cardoso, Patricia Severino, Eliana B. Souto, and Ricardo L. C. de Albuquerque-Júnior. "Histological Evidence of Wound Healing Improvement in Rats Treated with Oral Administration of Hydroalcoholic Extract of Vitis labrusca." Current Issues in Molecular Biology 43, no. 1 (June 11, 2021): 335–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cimb43010028.

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Plant extracts rich in phenolic compounds have been demonstrated to accelerate wound healing, but their use by oral route has been poorly studied. The leaves of Vitis labrusca are rich in phenolic acids and flavonoids. The goal of this study was to assess the healing properties of the oral administration of hydroalcoholic extract of V. labrusca leaves (HEVL) in a murine model. HEVL was obtained by Soxhlet and dynamic maceration, and their yield and phenolic acids and flavonoid contents were determined. For the wound healing assay, 8 mm wounds were performed on the back of 48 Wistar rats, assigned into four groups (n = 12): CTR (distilled water), HEVL100, HEVL200, and HEVL300 (HEVL at 100, 200, and 300 mg/kg, respectively). On days 7 and 14, wound closure rates were assessed, and the healing wounds were subjected to histological analysis. Soxhlet-obtained extract was selected for the wound healing assay because it provided a higher yield and phenolic acid and flavonoid contents. HEVL significantly reduced leukocytosis in the peripheral blood (p < 0.05), accelerated wound closure (p < 0.05), and improved collagenization (p < 0.05) on day 7, as well as enhanced the epidermal tissue thickness (p < 0.001) and elastic fiber deposition on day 14 (p < 0.01). Furthermore, HEVL promoted an increase in the histological grading of wound healing on both days 7 and 14 (p < 0.01). The doses of 200 and 300 mg/kg provided better results than 100 mg/Kg. Our data provide histological evidence that the oral administration of HEVL improves wound healing in rodents. Therefore, the extract can be a potential oral medicine for healing purposes.

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Sagala, Evayanti Meiliana, and Jansen Silalahi. "Wound Healing Activities of Hydrolyzed Virgin Coconut Oil (HVCO) and Fucoidan Combination: An In Vitro Assay." Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research and Development 7, no. 3 (June 14, 2019): 40–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.22270/ajprd.v7i3.532.

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combination, in the NIH 3T3 cell line using in vitro assay, and compared with single HVCO and single fucoidan. Methods: NIH 3T3 Cell viability and proliferation were assessed using the MTT method, migration activity was assessed using scratch wound healing assays and expression of COX-2 and VEGF protein were determined using immunocytochemistry (ICC). Results: The results from the proliferative activity assay show that the effective concentrations for all samples were 31.25 μg /ml. NIH 3T3 cells migration activity assay showed that the best combination of the HVCO and fucoidan was 50:50. From COX 2 and VEGF protein expression test results, the combination of HVCO and fucoidan has a higher percentage of expression than single HVCO or single fucoidan Conclusion: The results reveal that the combination of HVCO and fucoidan has better wound healing activity than single HVCO or single fucoidan

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Gibson, Angela, Aiping Liu, Collin L. Tran, and Sameeha E. Hassan. "23 Chlorhexidine Delays Wound Healing in Human Skin." Journal of Burn Care & Research 43, Supplement_1 (March 23, 2022): S17—S18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jbcr/irac012.026.

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Abstract Introduction Chlorhexidine (CHG) is ubiquitous in surgical perioperative care. In vivo studies of CHG cytotoxicity on human skin are lacking. Given the use of CHG for daily wound cares and as a presurgical scrub, including donor site preparation, we sought to identify if CHG cytotoxicity would persist in a clinically relevant in vivo human skin xenograft model. Methods Human skin tissues were obtained from elective surgeries. Partial thickness wounds were created ex vivo in human skin using a 4 mm punch biopsy. 2% CHG (treatment) or PBS (control) was applied to the wounds for 30 minutes followed by rinsing the tissue +/- mechanical disruptive irrigation. Tissues were cultured at the air-liquid interface for 24 hours in culture media after treatment and tissue viability was performed using an MTT assay. For in vivo studies, athymic mice (n=4) were grafted on bilateral flanks with human skin. Eight weeks after engraftment and normalization of skin architecture, 4 mm partial thickness wounds were created on each xenograft (2 per mouse – treatment and control). 2% CHG was applied daily for 2 minutes followed by irrigation with PBS in the treatment wound. The control wound received PBS application and irrigation. The xenografts received treatment daily for 14 days to mimic daily wound cares, and digital images were obtained to document presence of infection and gross wound healing. On day 14, the xenografts were harvested and stained for lactate dehydrogenase and H&E to assess cell viability and wound re-epithelization, respectively. Results An MTT assay on ex vivo human skin wounds showed that CHG treated groups (irrigation or non-irrigation) had lower cell viability compared to the PBS treated group, however irrigation mitigates the cytotoxicity of CHG on human skin. In the in vivo xenograft study, no signs of infection were identified in either PBS or CHG treated wounds throughout the study. The wound size appeared larger on gross inspection in the CHG treated group compared to the PBS group as early as day 2.Microscopically, the PBS treated wounds were fully re-epithelialized (n=2) or had significantly more re-epithelialization (n=2) than the CHG treated wounds (n=4) after 14 days of treatment. The PBS-treated wounds were viable throughout the tissue, indicating the irrigation procedure was not harmful to the cells. In the CHG-treated wounds, nonviable cells were observed in the dermis beneath the wound that was directly in contact with CHG suggesting penetration of CHG contributes to cytotoxicity in acute wounds. Conclusions Daily CHG use is cytotoxic to human skin and impedes wound healing.

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Cai, Anna Q., Kerry A. Landman, and Barry D. Hughes. "Multi-scale modeling of a wound-healing cell migration assay." Journal of Theoretical Biology 245, no. 3 (April 2007): 576–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jtbi.2006.10.024.

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Zordan, Michael D., Christopher P. Mill, David J. Riese, and James F. Leary. "A high throughput, interactive imaging, bright-field wound healing assay." Cytometry Part A 79A, no. 3 (February 9, 2011): 227–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cyto.a.21029.

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Posta, Filippo, and Tom Chou. "Modeling Intercellular MAPK Signaling in an Epithelial Wound Healing Assay." Biophysical Journal 96, no. 3 (February 2009): 304a. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bpj.2008.12.1513.

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Scianna, Marco. "An extended Cellular Potts Model analyzing a wound healing assay." Computers in Biology and Medicine 62 (July 2015): 33–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.compbiomed.2015.04.009.

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Gonçalves, Joana, Ângelo Luís, Eugenia Gallardo, and Ana Paula Duarte. "Evaluation of the In Vitro Wound-Healing Potential of Ayahuasca." Molecules 27, no. 18 (September 6, 2022): 5760. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules27185760.

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Ayahuasca is an Amazonian drink, which contains β-carboline alkaloids and N,N-dimethyltryptamine. The aim of this study was to evaluate the healing potential of decoctions of a commercial mixture, four individual plants and four mixtures of two plants used in the ayahuasca preparation. Thus, the cytotoxic potential of the samples was evaluated and a wound-healing assay was performed with a NHDF cell line. Subsequently, a parallel artificial membrane permeability assay was also performed, to verify if any psychoactive compound could be absorbed by skin fibroblasts. The integrity and permeability of the cell layer were also evaluated, using the transepithelial electrical resistance assay and Lucifer yellow permeability assay, respectively. The compounds absorbed by the cell layer were quantified by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to a diode array detector. The results showed that only one sample showed cytotoxicity and all the others promoted the migration of skin fibroblasts. Additionally, it was also verified that β-carbolynic alkaloids and N,N-dimethyltriptamine were not absorbed by the cell layer, and in general, did not interfere with its permeability and integrity. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study where ayahuasca’s wound-healing potential was evaluated.

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Jana, Snehasis, and Mahendra Kumar Trivedi. "Wound Healing Activity of Consciousness Energy Healing Treatmenton HFF-1 Cells and DMEM Using Scratch Assay." Investigative Dermatology and Venereology Research 4, no. 1 (December 26, 2018): 50–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.15436/2381-0858.18.2036.

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The wound healing activity using scratch assay is considered as a convenient in vitro tool for the assessment of wound healing. The present study deals with the optimization of Biofield Energy Treatment (Consciousness Energy Healing Treatment-The Trivedi Effect®) in the HFF-1 cell line (Human Foreskin Fibroblast) and DMEM (Dulbecco's Modified Eagle Medium) using scratch assay against positive control, recombinant Human Epidermal Growth Factor (Hu EGF, 30 ng/mL). This methodwas used for the determination of cell proliferation and migration of fibroblast quantitatively in the scratched wounded area. The scratched area was monitored after 24 hours of wound closure in the Biofield Energy Treated HFF-1 cells and the Biofield Energy Treated DMEM groups, and the representative photomicrographs were taken in each wells using WimScratch Image analysis software. The results showed that the Biofield Energy Treated DMEMwassignificantly higher percentage of fibroblast migration i.e. 51.8%, while the migration was altered in the Biofield Energy Treated HFF-1 cell line compared to the baseline control group. In addition to, the percentage of scratch area was significantly decreased by 2.7% in the Biofield Energy Treated DMEM group, while it was increased by 12% in the Biofield Treated cells group compared to the baseline control group. Overall, the experimental results concluded that The Trivedi Effect® has the significant capacity and wide implications in wound healing activityvia cell culture media, DMEM as compared with the HFF-1 cell line directly. Biofield Energy Healing would be a complementary and alternative medicine that can be used against burn injury cases, acute wound, skin regeneration, eczema, diaper rash, chickenpox, measles, warts, acne, hives, wrinkles, ringworm, Rosacea, psoriasis, seborrheic dermatitis, skin cancer, etc.

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Zhao, Ying, Qiang Wang, Yuan Jin, Yadan Li, Changjun Nie, Peipei Huang, Zhixin Li, et al. "Discovery and Characterization of a High-Affinity Small Peptide Ligand, H1, Targeting FGFR2IIIc for Skin Wound Healing." Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry 49, no. 3 (2018): 1074–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000493287.

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Background/Aims: How to aid recovery from severe skin injuries, such as burns, chronic or radiation ulcers, and trauma, is a critical clinical problem. Current treatment methods remain limited, and the discovery of ideal wound-healing therapeutics has been a focus of research. Functional recombinant proteins such as basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) and epidermal growth factor (EGF) have been developed for skin repair, however, some disadvantages in their use remain. This study reports the discovery of a novel small peptide targeting fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 IIIc (FGFR2IIIc) as a potential candidate for skin wound healing. Methods: A phage-displayed peptide library was used for biopanning FGFR2IIIc-targeting small peptides. The selected small peptides binding to FGFR2IIIc were qualitatively evaluated by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Their biological function was detected by a cell proliferation assay. Among them, an optimized small peptide named H1 was selected for further study. The affinity of the H1 peptide and FGFR2IIIc was determined by an isothermal titration calorimetry device. The ability of theH1 peptide to promote skin wound repair was investigated using an endothelial cell tube formation assay and wound healing scratch assay in vitro. Subsequently, the H1 peptide was assessed using a rat skin full-thickness wound model and chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assays in vivo. To explore its molecular mechanisms, RNA-Seq, quantitative real-time PCR, and western blot assays were performed. Computer molecular simulations were also conducted to analyze the binding model. Results: We identified a novel FGFR2IIIc-targeting small peptide, called H1, with 7 amino acid residues using phage display. H1 had high binding affinity with FGFR2IIIc. The H1 peptide promoted the proliferation and motility of fibroblasts and vascular endothelial cells in vitro. In addition, the H1 peptide enhanced angiogenesis in the chick chorioallantoic membrane and accelerated wound healing in a rat full-thickness wound model in vivo. The H1 peptide activated both the PI3K-AKT and MAPK-ERK1/2 pathways and simultaneously increased the secretion of vascular endothelial growth factor. Computer analysis demonstrated that the model of H1 peptide binding to FGFR2IIIc was similar to that of FGF2 and FGFR2IIIc. Conclusion: The H1 peptide has a high affinity for FGFR2IIIc and shows potential as a wound healing agent. As a substitute for bFGF, it could be developed into a novel therapeutic candidate for skin wound repair in the future.

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Gangadaran, Prakash, Eun Jung Oh, Ramya Lakshmi Rajendran, Hyun Mi Kim, Ji Min Oh, Suin Kwak, Chae Moon Hong, Kang Young Choi, Ho Yun Chung, and Byeong-Cheol Ahn. "Identification of Angiogenic Cargoes in Human Fibroblasts-Derived Extracellular Vesicles and Induction of Wound Healing." Pharmaceuticals 15, no. 6 (June 2, 2022): 702. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ph15060702.

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A complete redevelopment of the skin remains a challenge in the management of acute and chronic wounds. Recently, the application of extracellular vesicles (EVs) for soft tissue wound healing has received much attention. As fibroblasts are fundamental cells for soft tissues and skin, we investigate the proangiogenic factors in human normal fibroblast-derived EVs (hNF-EVs) and their effects on wound healing. Normal fibroblasts were isolated from human skin tissues and characterized by immunofluorescence (IF) and Western blotting (WB). hNF-EVs were isolated by ultracentrifugation and characterized using transmission electron microscopy and WB. The proangiogenic cargos in hNF-EVs were identified by a TaqMan assay and a protein array. Other in vitro assays, including internalization assays, cell counting kit-8 analysis, scratch wound assays, WBs, and tube formation assays were conducted to assess the effects of hNF-EVs on fibroblasts and endothelial cells. A novel scaffold-free noninvasive delivery of hNF-EVs with or without fibrin glue was applied onto full-thickness skin wounds in mice. The wound healing therapeutical effect of hNF-EVs was assessed by calculating the rate of wound closure and through histological analysis. Isolated hNF was confirmed by verifying the expression of the fibroblast markers vimentin, αSMA, Hsp70, and S100A4. Isolated hNF-EVs showed intact EVs with round morphology, enriched in CD81 and CD63, and devoid of the cell markers GM130, Calnexin, and Cytochrome C. Our TaqMan assay showed that hNF-EVs were enriched in miR130a and miR210, and protein arrays showed enriched levels of the proangiogenic proteins’ vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-D and CXCL8. Next, we found that the internalization of hNF-EVs into hNF increased the proliferation and migration of hNF, in addition to increasing the expression of bFGF, MMP2, and αSMA. The internalization of hNF-EVs into the endothelial cells increased their proliferation and tube formation. A scaffold-free noninvasive delivery of hNF-EVs with or without fibrin glue accelerated the wound healing rate in full-thickness skin wounds in mice, and the treatments increased the cellular density, deposition, and maturation of collagens in the wounds. Moreover, the scaffold-free noninvasive delivery of hNF-EVs with or without fibrin glue increased the VEGF and CD31 expression in the wounds, indicating that hNF-EVs have an angiogenic ability to achieve complete skin regeneration. These findings open up for new treatment strategies to be developed for wound healing. Further, we offer a new approach to the efficient, scaffold-free noninvasive delivery of hNF-EVs to wounds.

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Emrich, Stefanie, Anja Schuster, Thomas Schnabel, and Gertie Janneke Oostingh. "Antimicrobial Activity and Wound-Healing Capacity of Birch, Beech and Larch Bark Extracts." Molecules 27, no. 9 (April 28, 2022): 2817. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules27092817.

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Bark is a major by-product of woodworking industries. The contents of several wood species are known to harbor antimicrobial, antiviral, anti-inflammatory and wound-healing capacities. The aim of this work was to identify beneficial properties of Austrian larch, birch and beech bark extracts for their potential usage as additives or active ingredients in dermatological applications. Bacterial agar diffusion assay and resazurin-based broth microdilution assay were used to evaluate anti-bacterial activity. To gain more insight into the cellular response to bark extracts, viability-, scratch-assays and ELISAs were performed. Birch and beech extracts showed strong antimicrobial activities against Gram-positive bacteria, including Cutibacterium acnes, Staphylococcus epidermidis and MRSA. Wound closure was enhanced with birch and beech extracts as compared to controls in the scratch-assays. Whereas beneficial properties of birch bark components have previously been described, the similar effects of beech extracts are novel. The combined positive effect on wound-healing and antimicrobial activity has great potential for the treatment of various skin diseases, including acne in future dermal applications.

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Vaid, Bhavna, Bhupinder Singh Chopra, Sachin Raut, Amin Sagar, Maulik D. Badmalia, Ashish, and Neeraj Khatri. "Antioxidant and Wound Healing Property of Gelsolin in 3T3-L1 Cells." Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity 2020 (February 12, 2020): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/4045365.

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Delineation of factors which affect wound healing would be of immense value to enable on-time or early healing and reduce comorbidities associated with infections or biochemical stress like diabetes. Plasma gelsolin has been identified earlier to significantly enable injury recovery compared to placebo. This study evaluates the role of rhuGSN for its antioxidant and wound healing properties in murine fibroblasts (3T3-L1 cell line). Total antioxidant capacity of rhuGSN increased in a concentration-dependent manner (0.75-200 μg/mL). Cells pretreated with 0.375 and 0.75 μg/mL rhuGSN for 24 h exhibited a significant increase in viability in a MTT assay. Preincubation of cells with rhuGSN for 24 h followed by oxidative stress induced by exposure to H2O2 for 3 h showed cytoprotective effect. rhuGSN at 12.5 and 25 μg/mL concentration showed an enhanced cell migration after 20 h of injury in a scratch wound healing assay. The proinflammatory cytokine IL-6 levels were elevated in the culture supernatant. These results establish an effective role of rhuGSN against oxidative stress induced by H2O2 and in wound healing of 3T3-L1 fibroblast cells.

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Wang, Linhao, Fang Wang, Liling Zhao, Wenjun Yang, Xinxing Wan, Chun Yue, and Zhaohui Mo. "Mesenchymal Stem Cells Coated by the Extracellular Matrix Promote Wound Healing in Diabetic Rats." Stem Cells International 2019 (January 28, 2019): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/9564869.

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Objective. To investigate the effects of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) coated by the extracellular matrix (ECM) on wound healing in diabetic rats. Methods. Mesenchymal stem cells were cocultured with ECM. Cell viabilities were evaluated using MTT assay. The diabetes model was established using both STZ and high-glucose/fat methods in SD rats. A wound area was made on the middle of the rats’ back. MSCs or ECM-MSCs were used to treat the rats. HE staining and CD31 immunohistochemistry were used to detect the skin thickness and angiogenesis. Western blotting and qRT-PCR were conducted to determine the level of VEGF-α, PDGF, and EGF. Results. It was observed that treatment of ECM had no significant effects on the cell viability of ECM-MSCs. Wound area assay showed that both MSCs and ECM-MSCs could enhance the wound healing of diabetic rats and ECM-MSCs could further promote the effects. Both MSCs and ECM-MSCs could enhance angiogenesis and epithelialization of the wounds, as well as the expression of VEGF-α, PDGF, and EGF in wound tissues, while ECM-MSC treatment showed more obvious effects. Conclusion. Mesenchymal stem cells coated by the extracellular matrix could promote wound healing in diabetic rats. Our study may offer a novel therapeutic method for impaired diabetic wound healing.

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Russo, Carla, Miranda Piccioni, Maria Laura Lorenzini, Chiara Catalano, Valeria Ambrogi, Rita Pagiotti, and Donatella Pietrella. "Bud-Poplar-Extract-Embedded Chitosan Films as Multifunctional Wound Healing Dressing." Molecules 27, no. 22 (November 10, 2022): 7757. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules27227757.

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Wounds represent a major global health challenge. Acute and chronic wounds are sensitive to bacterial infection. The wound environment facilitates the development of microbial biofilms, delays healing, and promotes chronic inflammation processes. The aim of the present work is the development of chitosan films embedded with bud poplar extract (BPE) to be used as wound dressing for avoiding biofilm formation and healing delay. Chitosan is a polymer with antimicrobial and hydrating properties used in wound dressing, while BPE has antibacterial, antioxidative, and anti-inflammatory properties. Chitosan-BPE films showed good antimicrobial and antibiofilm properties against Gram-positive bacteria and the yeast Candida albicans. BPE extract induced an immunomodulatory effect on human macrophages, increasing CD36 expression and TGFβ production during M1/M2 polarization, as observed by means of cytofluorimetric analysis and ELISA assay. Significant antioxidant activity was revealed in a cell-free test and in a human neutrophil assay. Moreover, the chitosan-BPE films induced a good regenerative effect in human fibroblasts by in vitro cell migration assay. Our results suggest that chitosan-BPE films could be considered a valid plant-based antimicrobial material for advanced dressings focused on the acceleration of wound repair.

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Shojania, Hamid Reza, Madjid Momeni-Moghaddam, Seyed-Ebrahim Hossini, Mohammad Armin, and Jalal Omrani Bidi. "MicroRNA 155 Downregulation by Vitamin C–Loaded Human Serum Albumin Nanoparticles During Cutaneous Wound Healing in Mice." International Journal of Lower Extremity Wounds 18, no. 2 (April 30, 2019): 143–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1534734619842975.

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This study focused on potential of vitamin C loaded human serum albumin (HSA) nanoparticles for treatment of wound. Nanocarrier were prepared and assessed for their effect on growth of 3T3 fibroblast cells, cell migration, wound healing rate and expression of miR-155, TGF-β1 and SMAD 1,2 genes. Wound healing assay was done and wounds were treated with vitamin C loaded HSA nanoparticles. Nanoparticles were prepared with size and zeta potential of 180±6 and -29 mV, respectively. Vitamin C loaded HSA nanoparticles showed controlled release of vitamin C into the buffer solution. Also, yield and encapsulation efficacy of loaded nanoparticles were obtained as 70.6 and 52.1 %, respectively. MTT results showed that the growth of 3T3 fibroblast cells was promoted in culture medium with 20 µg/ml of vitamin C loaded HSA nanoparticles. Cell migration assay indicated the positive effect of loaded nanoparticles on wound healing. The in-vivo results showed that the rate of wound healing was increased after treatment with 20 µg/ml of vitamin C loaded HSA nanoparticles. The wounds were healed faster when treated with vitamin C loaded HSA nanoparticles in comparison with control group. The expression of miR-155 was downregulated after treatment. Furthermore, expression of TGF-β1 and SMAD 1,2 were increased while the wounds were treated with these nanoparticles. In conclusion, these results showed for the first time that wounds were healed after treatment with albumin nanocarrier loaded with vitamin C. This nanocarrier changed expression of miR-155 and TGF-β1 towards faster healing of wounds.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Wound healing assay'

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