Relevant bibliographies by topics / WRFM

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Academic literature on the topic 'WRFM'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 7 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "WRFM"

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Oliinyk, Svitlana, Olga Samokhvalova, Nadegda Lapitskaya, and Zinoviya Kucheruk. "STUDY OF THE INFLUENCE OF MEALS OF WHEAT AND OAT GERMS AND WILD ROSE FRUITS ON THE FERMENTING MICROFLORA ACTIVITY OF RYE-WHEAT DOUGH." EUREKA: Life Sciences 1 (January 24, 2020): 40–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.21303/2504-5695.2020.001114.

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The aim of the research was to study an influence of meals of wheat germs (WGM) and oat germs (OGM) in amount 10…20 %, and also ones of wild rose fruits (WRFM) in amount 2…6 % of the total mass of flour on the fermenting microflora of rye-wheat dough; and also to establish an influence of the experimental supplements on main microbiological processes in it. It has been established, that adding experimental meals favors the activation of bakery yeast. At introducing WGM, OGM and WRFM, its lifting force grows by 16.0–54.0, 6.0–18.0, 10.0–44.0 % respectively, and zymase and maltase activity – by 16.0–53.3, 6.0–17.7 and 11.1–44.0 % and 18.8–55.0, 6.3 31.3 and 7.5–25.0 % respectively. It has been established, that there also takes place the activity increase of lactate bacteria in rye-wheat dough with adding meals of wheat, oat germs and wild rose fruits. It is possible at the expanse of adding an additional nutritive medium with the supplements. Such action of enriching raw materials on the microflora favors intensification of alcoholic and lactate fermentation that is established by data of acid accumulation and gas formation in rye-wheat dough. The counted indices at introducing WGM, OGM, WRFM increase by 39.0, 27.8, 33.9 % and 18.2, 13.6, 16.7 % respectively.
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Casati, B. "New Developments of the Intensity-Scale Technique within the Spatial Verification Methods Intercomparison Project." Weather and Forecasting 25, no. 1 (February 1, 2010): 113–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2009waf2222257.1.

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Abstract The intensity-scale verification technique introduced in 2004 by Casati, Ross, and Stephenson is revisited and improved. Recalibration is no longer performed, and the intensity-scale skill score for biased forecasts is evaluated. Energy and its percentages are introduced in order to assess the bias on different scales and to characterize the overall scale structure of the precipitation fields. Aggregation of the intensity-scale statistics for multiple cases is performed, and confidence intervals are provided by bootstrapping. Four different approaches for addressing the dyadic domain constraints are illustrated and critically compared. The intensity-scale verification is applied to the case studies of the Intercomparison of Spatial Forecast Verification Methods Project. The geometric and synthetically perturbed cases show that the intensity-scale verification statistics are sensitive to displacement and bias errors. The intensity-scale skill score assesses the skill for different precipitation intensities and on different spatial scales, separately. The spatial scales of the error are attributed to both the size of the features and their displacement. The energy percentages allow one to objectively analyze the scale structure of the fields and to understand the intensity-scale relationship. Aggregated statistics for the Storm Prediction Center/National Severe Storms Laboratory (SPC/NSSL) 2005 Spring Program case studies show no significant differences among the models’ skill; however, the 4-km simulations of the NCEP version of the Weather Research and Forecast model (WRF4 NCEP) overforecast to a greater extent than the 2- and 4-km simulations of the NCAR version of the WRF (WRF2 and WRF4 NCAR). For the aggregated multiple cases, the different approaches addressing the dyadic domain constraints lead to similar results. On the other hand, for a single case, tiling provides the most robust and reliable approach, since it smoothes the effects of the discrete wavelet support and does not alter the original precipitation fields.
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Langkamp, T. "Influence of the compiler on multi-CPU performance of WRFv3." Geoscientific Model Development Discussions 4, no. 1 (March 21, 2011): 547–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gmdd-4-547-2011.

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Abstract. The Weather Research and Forecasting system version 3 (WRFv3) is an open source and state of the art numerical regional climate model used in climate related sciences. Over the years the model has been successfully optimized on a wide variety of clustered compute nodes connected with high speed interconnects. This is currently the most used hardware architecture for high-performance computing. As such, understanding WRFs dependency on the various hardware elements like the CPU, its interconnects, and the software is crucial for saving computing time. This is important because computing time in general is rare, resource intensive, and hence very expensive. This paper evaluates the influence of different compilers on WRFs performance, which was found to differ up to 26%. The paper also evaluates the performance of different message passing interface library versions, a software which is needed for multi CPU runs, and of different WRF versions. Both showed no significant influence on the performance for this test case on the used High Performance Cluster (HPC) hardware. Some emphasis is also laid on the applied non-standard method of performance measuring, which was required because of performance fluctuations between identical runs on the used HPC. Those are caused by contention for network resources, a phenomenon examined for many HPCs.
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Langkamp, T., and J. Böhner. "Influence of the compiler on multi-CPU performance of WRFv3." Geoscientific Model Development 4, no. 3 (July 13, 2011): 611–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gmd-4-611-2011.

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Abstract. The Weather Research and Forecasting system version 3 (WRFv3) is an open source and state of the art numerical Regional Climate Model used in climate related sciences. These years the model has been successfully optimized on a wide variety of clustered compute nodes connected with high speed interconnects. This is currently the most used hardware architecture for high-performance computing (Shainer et al., 2009). As such, understanding the influence of hardware like the CPU, its interconnects, or the software on WRFs performance is crucial for saving computing time. This is important because computing time in general is rare, resource intensive, and hence very expensive. This paper evaluates the influence of different compilers on WRFs performance, which was found to differ up to 26 %. The paper also evaluates the performance of different Message Passing Interface library versions, a software which is needed for multi CPU runs, and of different WRF versions. Both showed no significant influence on the performance for this test case on the used High Performance Cluster (HPC) hardware. Emphasis is also laid on the applied non-standard method of performance measuring, which was required because of performance fluctuations between identical runs on the used HPC. Those are caused by contention for network resources, a phenomenon examined for many HPCs (Wright et al., 2009).
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Connolly, D., C. Fitzpatrick, L. O’toole, F. O’shea, and M. Doran. "OP0265-HPR FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH MEETING WORK DEMANDS FOR INDIVIDUALS WITH RHEUMATIC DISEASES." Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 79, Suppl 1 (June 2020): 166.1–166. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-eular.5550.

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Background:Almost 65% of individuals with rheumatic diseases have severe fatigue with the majority of these reporting difficulties in work leading to absenteeism and early retirement. However, there is a lack of research investigating how different types of fatigue impact on work ability.Objectives:To identify the prevalence of different types of fatigue and explore the association between different types of fatigue and various demands involved in workMethods:A cross-sectional study was carried out with 234 individuals with rheumatic diseases currently in employment. Study measures examined demographics, different types of fatigue (general, physical reduced activity, reduced motivation and mental), ability to meet work demands, disease activity and quality of life.Results:The majority of participants were female (70%), had rheumatoid arthritis (42.7%), were between 41-50 years (30.3%) and worked full-time (70%). One hundred and twenty-eight participants (55%) had severe fatigue. Physical fatigue was the most prevalent category of fatigue (Table 1). Participants reported managing 50% of their work demands with physical demands being the most challenging (Table 1). All types of fatigue were significantly associated with the total WRF score (Table 2). Mental fatigue had the strongest association with the total WRF score (r=0.53, p<0.001). On examining the impact of different types of fatigue on meeting work demands, mental fatigue was the most significant predictor of difficulty meeting work demands (β =1.6, SE=0.37, p<0.001)Table 1.MFI and WRF total and category scoresWRF n=212Total mean (SD)Work Scheduling Demands mean (SD)Output demands mean (SD)Physical Demands mean (SD)Mental Demands mean (SD)Social Demands mean (SD)50.3% (19.0)44.6% (25.8)52.9% (22.1)43.3% (27.9)53.4% (22.5)62.4% (17.7)MFIn=220Totalmean (SD)Physical fatigue mean (SD)Reduced activity mean (SD)Reduced motivation mean (SD)Mental fatigue mean (SD)13.4 (2.8)12.5 (4.3)10.1 (4.2)10.2 (3.5)10.3 (4.2)Table 2.Correlations for WRF and MFI fatigue categoriesMFI CategoryCorrelations with total WRFp-valuesGeneral fatigue.53<0.001Mental fatigue.57<0.001Physical fatigue.48<0.001Reduced motivation.48<0.001Reduced activity levels.41<0.001Conclusion:Fatigue interferes with many aspects of work performance. However, this study identifies that mental fatigue is the greatest predictor of difficulty in managing work. Self-management interventions focusing on mental fatigue and work ability are required for individuals with rheumatic diseases to manage the demands of their work.Disclosure of Interests:None declared
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Kościelniak, Lucyna, and Ewelina Moroń. "Historia migana – między narracją a przekładem. Uwagi metodologiczne do zbierania i opracowywania relacji osób niesłyszących." Wrocławski Rocznik Historii Mówionej 7 (December 29, 2017): 35–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.26774/wrhm.166.

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W artykule zaprezentowano pionierski w Polsce projekt dotyczący nagrywania relacji biograficznych osób głuchych i niedosłyszących, związanych z wrocławskim środowiskiem Głuchych. Autorki poruszają w nim zagadnienia metodologiczne związane z sytuacją przekładu języka migowego na język polski i zapisu języka wizualno-przestrzennego w postaci tekstu. Charakteryzują też wyzwania, przed jakimi stanął zespół badawczy realizujący projekt „Historia migana” i dzielą się refleksją nad błędami popełnionymi w trakcie projektu.
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Rudnicka, Maria. "Czy istnieje życiorys mówiony? O przenikaniu gatunków mówionych i pisanych – próba genologii na przykładzie analizy wypowiedzi autobiograficznych." Wrocławski Rocznik Historii Mówionej 7 (January 29, 2017): 69–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.26774/wrhm.167.

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Autorka artykułu podejmuje rozważania na temat życiorysu mówionego. Bazują one na nagraniach relacji świadków historii, zgromadzonych w Archiwum Historii Mówionej Ośrodka „Pamięć i Przyszłość”. Swobodne narracje świadków historii analizowane są tutaj za pomocą struktury życiorysu pisemnego, którego podstawowe elementy identyfikowane są w wypowiedziach poszczególnych osób. Na tej podstawie Autorka wnioskuje o istnieniu życiorysu mówionego jako specyficznego sposobu opowiadania o przebiegu własnego życia, który rozmówcy nieświadomie konstruują na wzór pisemnego odpowiednika. Tło analiz stanowi omówienie teoretyczno-literackich opracowań dotyczących gatunku jako wzorca tekstowego oraz charakterystyka podstawowych różnic między językiem pisanym a mówionym.
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Vaněk, Miroslav. "Słuchać, poszukiwać, rozumieć. Nie tylko o dialogu interdyscyplinarnym i oral history." Wrocławski Rocznik Historii Mówionej 7 (January 29, 2017): 103–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.26774/wrhm.168.

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Autor z perspektywy badacza historii współczesnej wskazuje nie tylko potencjalne wspólne podstawy, lecz także różnice w wykorzystywaniu metody oral history w perspektywie interdyscyplinarnej. Na podstawie praktycznego doświadczenia dochodzi do wniosku, że założenia oral history i innych dyscyplin, dla których materiał badawczy stanowią rozmowy, są bardzo podobne. Różnica między poszczególnymi dziedzinami leży w konkretnych metodach. Artykuł jest refleksją nad pewnymi aktualnymi problemami oral history. Punktem wyjścia autora jest obecna sytuacja, kiedy to z jednej strony wzrasta zainteresowanie oral history, bo przecież ludzie potrzebują opowieści, a z drugiej strony z każdym dniem coraz bardziej tracą zdolność opowiadania historii życia czy ich chętnego słuchania. Przy tej okazji wprowadza kwestię „zabiegania” w dzisiejszych czasach, dążenia do uproszczenia i skrótu w kontekście relacji narracyjnej. Dalej zajmuje się pewnymi kwestiami metodologicznymi, którym w przeszłości nie poświęcano szczególnej uwagi. Chodzi tu szczególnie o problem subiektywności, pamięci i jej roli w konstruowaniu narracji biograficznych czy kwestię kontekstu społecznego i politycznego (zarówno przeszłego, jak i współczesnego), w którym realizowane są wywiady. W zakończeniu wskazuje, w jaki sposób badaniom oral history pomaga poznanie i zrozumienie nie tylko przeszłości, lecz także współczesności. W tym właśnie bowiem tkwi wielka siła tej metody, która jest inspiracją dla badaczy innych dziedzin nauk społecznych, dla których podstawowym źródłem jest rozmowa.
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Knapczyk, Sonia. "„Gdzie diabły szepcą dobranoc” – powojenne osadnictwo w Bieszczadach." Wrocławski Rocznik Historii Mówionej 7 (December 29, 2017): 119–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.26774/wrhm.169.

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Tekst poświęcony jest grupie osadników, którzy po II wojnie światowej wybrali Bieszczady na miejsce zamieszkania. Celem było ukazanie oddolnej historii bieszczadzkiego osadnictwa. Jak pokazały źródła, nie zawsze przeprowadzka w Bieszczady była równoznaczna z polepszeniem bytu. Zawsze jednak była punktem przełomowym w życiu jednostki. W badaniach wykorzystane zostały różnego typu materiały źródłowe, do najważniejszych zaliczają się wywiady z mieszkańcami Bieszczadów i niepublikowane pamiętniki konkursowe „Mój udział w rozwoju Bieszczadów” (1972 r.). Jak pokazały badania, nie bez znaczenia w przypadku osadnictwa w Bieszczadach była propaganda państwowa. Tekst analizuje motywacje wyjazdowe oraz codzienność peryferyjną osadników.
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Sroka, Piotr. "Ks. Andrzej Dziełak „Gdyby nie kardynał kominek, nie byłoby Jana Pawła II”. Wspomnienie o Bolesławie Kominku i Orędziu biskupów Polskich do biskupów niemieckich." Wrocławski Rocznik Historii Mówionej 1 (October 30, 2011): 195–212. http://dx.doi.org/10.26774/wrhm.17.

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An account given by Rev. Andrzej Dziełak is one of over a dozen such narratives written down for a scientific conference “Cardinal Kominek – a forerunner of the Polish-German reconciliation” which was organized by The Memory and Future Institute (Wrocław, 4th December 2008). These conference documents give us insight into circumstances and consequences of the Polish bishops addressing the German bishops. In some parts, these documents are focused in the narrative of Rev. Andrzej Dziełak, who in 1965 was a clerical student in the Higher Seminary in Wrocław. For contemporary clerics Cardinal Kominek was an indisputable authority, both moral and intellectual. Every Saturday during a seminary meeting he would share with them his observations on the situation of the Catholic Church in those days in Poland and abroad, and on complex relations with the communist state. Still, the Pastoral Letter of the Polish bishops to the German bishops turned out to be a huge surprise to the Catholic clergy of Wrocław, especially since at the beginning they did not have the text of the document at their disposal. Rev. Dziełak admits that at the beginning the message conveyed in the Letter was received with reluctance by a great part of the congregation. This was due to the recent war and a successful propaganda of the communist government. However, right from the beginning, clerics had no doubts as to the identity of the author of the groundbreaking document – they knew that it was prepared by a bishop of Wrocław who was the most knowledgeable person in the Episcopate regarding German issues.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "WRFM"

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Wickramanayake, Ama Manjarie. "WRFM Process Improvement." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Engineering Management, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/8953.

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The intent of this Project was to identify areas of improvement in Shell Todd Oil Services (STOS) Well, Reservoir and Facility Management (WRFM) practices, in order to meet full compliance with Shell global WRFM Standards by their next annual review in Q4 2014. A gap analysis was carried out to identify where improvement efforts must be focussed and measures to support optimisation, streamlining and alignment of processes have been recommended. The Shell Blade 27 – Well, Reservoir and Facility Management Guideline was used to obtain insight and understanding of the WRFM process and requirements. The STOS WRM Management Manual, WRFM Plans and Health-check outputs were used as supplementary documentation for the gap analysis. The Shell WRFM minimum requirements were used as the established benchmark against which STOS practices were measured using the asset assessment tool. Interviews were carried out to further highlight complexities and constraints at STOS to meet Shell criteria. The findings in this report provide evidence of issues that should be addressed for the continuous improvement of WRFM at STOS. These have been provided for the consideration of Shell Todd Oil Services Limited WRFM Steering Committee Chair.
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Carvalho, Susana Maria Caldeira da Silva Gouveia. "Validação de nuvens no WRF." Master's thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/11949.

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Mestrado em Meteorologia e Oceanografia
O presente trabalho pretende estabelecer uma metodologia para validação das nuvens geradas pelo modelo WRF operacional, disponibilizado na página do CliM@UA da Universidade de Aveiro. Utilizaram-se, para o efeito, ferramentas informáticas como os Sistemas de Informação Geográfica e programas de tratamento e interpretação de imagens de satélite. A verificação do modelo foi avaliada através de parâmetros probabilísticos e de atributos de objetos. Foi também efetuada uma análise da sensibilidade do modelo à microfísica das nuvens. Testaram-se quatro esquemas de microfísica, para além do que é considerado no modelo operacional. No que respeita à verificação do modelo operacional concluiu-se que este simula o campo de nuvens total de uma forma mediana e fica bastante aquém da realidade. No campo de nuvens altas o comportamento do modelo melhora, embora o modelo sobrestime a área de nuvens altas. Relativamente aos testes de sensibilidade, existe similaridade, no campo de nuvens total, no comportamento do modelo com as parametrizações de WSM6, WDM6 e Lin. Os resultados das parametrizações Kessler e Thompson são bastante inferiores. No campo de nuvens altas concluiu-se que o modelo com a parametrização de Lin é o que obtém o melhor comportamento. Do conjunto da análise da verificação e da sensibilidade, concluiu-se que seria aceitável experimentar a parametrização de Lin no modelo operacional.
This work aims to establish a methodology for validation of clouds generated by the operational WRF model, available on the website of CliM@UA (Aveiro´s University). For that purpose computer tools such as Geographic Information Systems and treatment and interpretation of satellite images software were used. The verification of the model was assessed using probabilistic parameters and object attributes. A sensitivity analysis of the model to the cloud microphysics was also performed. Four microphysics schemes, in addition to what is considered in the operational model were tested. From the operational model verification it was possible to conclude the model simulates the total cloud field in a median way, being far from reality. In the high clouds field the model behaviour improves, although the model overestimates the area of high clouds. From the sensitivity test, similar results were obtained using the parameterization WSM6, WDM6 and Lin for the total cloud field. The values obtained from the parameterization of Kessler and Thompson were considerably smaller. In the high cloud field it can be concluded that the model with the Lin's parameterization presents the best behaviour. From the set of parameterizations included in the sensitivity tests, it was concluded that it would be recommended to include the Lin's parameterization in the operational model.
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Waxegård, Anna. "Verifiering av WRF-modellen över Svalbard." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Luft-, vatten och landskapslära, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-160191.

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Glaciologer har under en längre tid observerat förändringar av glaciärer på Svalbard, att några minskar i storlek och att vissa växer. Avsmältning med ökade havsnivåer och potentiellt ändrad havscirkulation till följd är ett scenario som berör människor över hela värden. Dessa förändringar kan eventuellt förklaras genom att koppla de meteorologiska förhållandena i området till större cirkulationsförändringar. De meteorologiska förhållandena över Svalbard har simulerats med en regional klimatmodell, WRF (Weather Research Forecasting), för tre domäner med upplösningarna 24 km, 8 km och 2,7 km. Modellen har testats i två versioner, standard-WRF med förvalda processbeskrivningar och WRF med processbeskrivningar anpassade för polärt klimat och har drivits med ERA-Interim data, som är en återanalys av de globala väderförhållandena framtagen av ECMWF. Resultaten från WRF har verifierats mot observationer uppmätta av AWS-stationer (Automatic Weather Station). Följande parametrar ingår i studien: temperatur, vindhastighet, specifik fuktighet, kortvågig in och utstrålning samt långvågig instrålning.  Simulationer med standard-WRF underskattar samtliga strålningsparametrar. En felaktig strålningsbalans leder till att standard-WRF simulerar för låga temperaturer. Att mängden kortvågig och långvågig instrålning är för liten beror förmodligen på att standard-WRF simulerar för stor mängd höga moln och för liten mängd låga moln. För vindhastigheten och den långvågiga instrålningen ökar respektive minskar korrelationen när resultaten från nedskalning från 24 km till 8 km med standard-WRF analyseras. Bäst korrelation för vindsimuleringar fås med standard-WRF i upplösningen 8 km. För temperaturen ger ERA-Interim bättre korrelation mot observationer än simuleringar med standard-WRF. Ett test av polaroptimerade WRF visar att detta utförande av modellen bättre förutsäger strålningsbalansen över glaciärerna och som en följd av detta fås en mer överensstämmande temperaturmodellering. Polaroptimerade WRF simulerar en mindre mängd höga moln och en strörre mängd låga moln jämfört med standard-WRF. Bättre molnmodelleringarna i kombination med ett mer passande schema som beskriver mängden kortvågig strålning ger en förbättrad energibalans. Vindmodelleringar i upplösningen 2,7 km utförda av standard-WRF och polaroptimerade WRF ger minskad korrelation och ökad spridning jämfört med simuleringar i upplösningen 8 km. Denna rapport visar på att polaroptimerade WRF är ett bättre alternativ än standard-WRF när Svalbards meteorologiska parametrar ska simuleras.
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Jörpeland, Jon. "WRF-data analysis at Svalbard 1989-2010." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för geovetenskaper, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-238812.

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A polaroptimized mesoscale climate model, Polar Weather Research and Forcasting model (WRF), has been used over the Svalbard archipelago for analysing last trends in climate. The climate model has been downscaled by the reanalysis model ERA-Interim to 8 km spatial resolution for the period 1989-2010. Annual and seasonal trends for three sites, scattered across the archipelago, were analyzed for three meteorological parameters, temperature, precipitation and wind. An additional lapse rate were calculated for two glaciers at Nordaustlandet. The analyze shows that the Polar-WRF model suggest an significance temperature increase by 0.67-0.82oC. However, changes in precipitation and wind are harder to prove. The calculated annual lapse rate at Nordaustlandet shows an temperature decrease by 4.2-4.6oC.
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Wilson, Aaron Benjamin. "Enhancement of Polar WRF atmospheric and surface processes: An annual simulation." The Ohio State University, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1268066611.

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Williams, John K. (John Kenneth). "WRF-Var implementation for data assimilation experimentation at MIT." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/45784.

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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences, 2008.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 55-57).
The goal of this Masters project is to implement the WRF model with 3D variational assimilation (3DVAR) at MIT. A working version of WRF extends the scope of experimentation to mesoscale problems in both real and idealized scenarios. A state-of-the-art model and assimilation package can now be used to conduct science or as a benchmark to compare new methods with.The second goal of this project is to demonstrate MIT's WRF implementation in an ongoing study of the impact of position errors on contemporary data assimilation (DA) methods [21]. In weather forecasting, accurately predicting the position and shape of small scale features can be as important as predicting their strength. Position errors are unfortunately common in operational forecasts [2, 14, 21, 27] and arise for a number of reasons. It is difficult to factor error into its constituent sources [21].Traditional data assimilation methods are amplitude adjustment methods, which do not deal with position errors well [4, 21]. In this project, we configured the WRF-Var system for use at MIT to extend experimentation on data assimilation to mesoscale problems. We experiment on position errors with the WRF-Var system by using a standard WRF test; a tropical cyclone. The results for this identical twin experiment show the common distorted analysis from 3DVAR in dealing with position errors. A field alignment solution proposed by Ravela et al. [21] explicitly represents and minimizes position errors. We achieve promising results in testing this algorithm with WRF-Var by aligning WRF fields from the identical twin.
by John K. Williams.
S.M.
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Tuchtenhagen, Patricia Nunes, and Patricia Nunes Tuchtenhagen. "WRF e o potencial eólico no Brasil em 2011." Universidade Federal de Pelotas, 2013. http://repositorio.ufpel.edu.br:8080/handle/prefix/3381.

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES
A crescente demanda e consumo de energia elétrica, tanto pela sociedade econômica como social; em adição à política mundial para a implementação de sistemas de geração empregando fontes renováveis, tem sido fator determinante na expansão de fazendas eólicas em diferentes países. Para a determinação do local para a instalação de fazendas eólicas é de importância fundamental proceder a estudos, realizar análises e avaliar a disponibilidade da fonte que permite gerar a energia, ou seja, do vento, em níveis de altura compatíveis com a dos geradores eólicos. Tendo em vista que, raramente se dispõe de dados de medições do vento necessários para consolidar os requisitos básicos e fundamentais, particularmente sobre o Brasil, é proposta, desenvolvida e aplicada uma metodologia que permite avaliar o potencial eólico sobre o país para um ano. Os dados necessários para elaborar o mapeamento e a avaliação do potencial eólico, durante o ano de 2011, foram produzidos, de hora em hora, com o processamento do modelo de mesoescala WRF (Weather Research and Forecasting). A avaliação dos resultados foi realizada em termos de médias diárias, número de horas sequenciais com ventos, vento médio acima de valores pré-estabelecidos de vento e período de rampa, análises sazonal e anual, frequência dos ventos e densidade da probabilidade de Weibull. Como conclusão geral da análise realizada, foram caracterizadas algumas regiões do país, localizadas próximas do litoral do Nordeste e Sul do país, que se apresentam como locais marcadamente favoráveis à instalação de fazendas eólicas. Entretanto, aponta-se, também, que há diversas outras áreas esparsas sobre o país que podem ser indicadas como locais com grande potencialidade energética.
The increasing demand and electric energy consumption, by both economic and social society, in addition to the worldwide politics for the implementation of generation systems employing renewable sources, has been determinant factors of the expansion of wind farms in different countries. To find out an installation local of wind power farms, it is of fundamental importance to proceed studies, perform analysis and evaluate the availability of the source to generate energy – that is, the wind at vertical levels which are consistent with the wind turbine height. Given that, scarcely the wind measurement data needed are available to consolidate the basic and fundamental requirements, particularly over Brazil, it is proposed, developed and a methodology is applied, for the assessment of wind energy potential over the country for a year. The required data for the mapping and assessment of wind energy potential, during the year 2011 were produced, for every hour, throughout the mesoscale model WRF (Weather Research and Forecasting) forecasting. The result evaluation has been performed in terms of daily mean wind average, number of sequential hours with wind, wind above pre-established values and ramp period, seasonal and annual analysis, wind frequency analysis and Weibull probability density. The general conclusion of the performed analysis has been the characterization of some region of the country, located nearby the shoreline of the Northeast and South of the county, as remarkable locals favorable for the installation of wind farms. However, it has been also pointed out that there are several other areas, scattered over the country, which can be suitable places with great energy potentiality.
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Teixeira, João Carlos Martins. "WRF sensitivity to lower boundary and urban canopy parametrizations." Master's thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/10175.

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Mestrado em Meteorologia e Oceanografia Física
Ao longo dos anos avanços, na tecnologia de satélite viabilizaram a aquisição de informações sobre a superfície da Terra, tais como elevação e uso do solo, com grande detalhe e resolução. Esta informação pode ser incluída em modelos numérico da atmosfera, atualizando e dando-lhes mais detalhes sobre as condições de fronteira inferior. Assim sendo, este trabalho visa estudar a sensibilidade do Weather Research and Forecasting model a três conjuntos de dados de topografia, e dois de uso do solo diferentes. Um caso de estudo em que a precipitação orográfica foi dominante sobre a Ilha da Madeira foi considerado mostrando que, em geral não existe um aumento significativo da performance do modelo ao usar topografia ou uso do solo de alta resolução. Contudo, existe uma melhor performance do modelo em simular a precipitação a barlavento e o fluxo a sotavento da ilha. Dada a natureza deste estudo, considerou-se também um teste à sensibilidade de três parametrizações de microfísica, sendo que os resultados encontrados não mostram alterações significativas aos resultados encontrados. Além disso, a introdução de um novo conjunto de dados de uso do solo tornou possível realizar simulações usando modelos urbanos acoplados. Assim, de forma a estudar a sensibilidade a estes modelos considerou-se um caso de estudo sobre a região de Lisboa. Ao utilizar um modelo urbano verificou-se que sobre a região urbana existe um arrefecimento à superfície quando comparando com as simulações de controlo. Além disso verificou-se uma grande diferença no escoamento e na energia turbulenta produzida sobre esta zona. Estas diferenças podem por sua vez intaragem com ondas gravíticas, alterando a sua fase e amplitude. Além disso, ao comparar os resultados com dados observados verificou-se que, em geral, não existe melhoria na performance do modelo para este caso de estudo. No entanto o uso do modelo urbano BEP melhora significativamente os resultados relativos à altura da camada de mistura.
Through the years, the advances in satellite technology made feasible the acquisition of information about the Earth surface, such as elevation and land use, with great detail and resolution. This information can be included in numerical atmospheric models, updating and giving them more details about the lower boundary. Given so, this work aims to study the sensitivity of the Weather Research and Forecast model to three different topography datasets as well as two different land use datasets. A test case study in which topography driven precipitation was dominant over Madeira Island was considered. Overall, results show that there is no enhancement of model skill when using higher resolution topography or land use. However, there is a higher model skill simulating precipitation on Madeira leeward and wind flow windward. Additionally, given the nature of this event, a sensitivity test was also performed considering three different microphysics parametrizations. This test showed that the choice of the microphysics parametrizations does not significantly change the results found for this event. Furthermore, the introduction of a new land use dataset turned possible to perform simulations using Urban Canopy Models. Therefore, the sensitivity of the model to these urban parametrizations was also performed. In this work, a case study for the Lisbon region was chosen and showed that the simulations that used a urban canopy model presented a cooling in the urban region. Moreover, larger changes were observed for wind flow and turbulence kinetic energy over the area. In addition, it was shown that these could change the phase and amplitude of gravity waves that were generated in the region. When comparing to observed data it was seen that there is no enhancement of model skill when using these models. However, the planetary boundary layer is better represent by BEP urban model.
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Melo, Camylla Maria Narciso de. "Using the WRF numerical model for the purpose of generation eolioelÃtrica: case study for MaracanaÃ, CearÃ." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2013. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=14606.

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FundaÃÃo Cearense de Apoio ao Desenvolvimento Cientifico e TecnolÃgico
This paper analyzes the mesoscale model WRF (Weather Research And Forecast) to verify its reliability in use as a research tool in areas with potential for eolioeletric generation. The area chosen for study was a farm located in Maracanaà in the state of CearÃ. On the farm was installed an anemometer tower of 80 meters high with three anemometers, 1 windsock, 1 temperature sensor and a pyranometer, all sensors connected to a datalogger. The data collected in this tower were used for comparison with the data obtained through simulations in WRF. In the simulations the model was evaluated for two different climatic conditions in the region, the rainy and the dry seasons. The periods chosen to perform the simulations are: March/2012 (representing the rainy season) and November/2011 (representing the dry season). Was performed five sensitivity tests, which were exchanged in the parameterizations of the Planetary Boundary Layer (PBL), Surface Layer (CS) and Ground Surface Model (GSM). The simulation results were evaluated according to the Pearson's correlation method, that one has parameter values from -1 to 1 which presents an index of correlations ranging from bad (-1) to great (1). The simulation with the best performance in the dry and rainy periods presented values for correlations of 0.76 and 0.58, respectively, considered good and fair to the Pearson's parameters. The model was able to satisfactorily represent the local wind behavior for the dry season of the year, and more research is needed in the area to analyze how the model behaves in the representation of the rainy season. Thus, this model provides satisfactory results to be used as a tool for evaluate areas with potential for eolioeletric generation, more research is needed to fit better.
O presente trabalho analisa o modelo de mesoescala WRF (Weather Research and Forecast) para verificar a sua confiabilidade na utilizaÃÃo como ferramenta de investigaÃÃo de Ãreas com potencial para geraÃÃo eolioelÃtrica. A regiÃo escolhida para estudo foi uma fazenda localizada no municÃpio de MaracanaÃ, no estado do CearÃ. Na fazenda foi instalada uma torre anemomÃtrica de 80 metros de altura com 3 anemÃmetros, 1 biruta, 1 sensor de temperatura e um piranÃmetro, todos os sensores conectados a um datalogger. Os dados coletados nesta torre foram utilizados para comparaÃÃo com os dados obtidos atravÃs das simulaÃÃes no WRF. Nas simulaÃÃes o modelo foi avaliado para duas situaÃÃes climatolÃgicas distintas na regiÃo, o perÃodo chuvoso e o seco. Os perÃodos escolhidos para realizar as simulaÃÃes sÃo: marÃo/2012 (representando o perÃodo chuvoso) e novembro/2011 (representando o perÃodo seco). Foram realizados cinco testes de sensibilidade, nos quais foram permutadas as parametrizaÃÃes da Camada Limite PlanetÃria (CLP), Camada de SuperfÃcie (CS) e o Modelo de Solo SuperfÃcie (MSS). Os resultados das simulaÃÃes foram avaliados segundo o mÃtodo de correlaÃÃo de Pearson, mÃtodo este que possui parÃmetros de valores de -1 a 1 onde apresenta um indicativo de correlaÃÃes que vÃo de pÃssimas (-1) a Ãtimas (1). A simulaÃÃo com o melhor desempenho no perÃodo seco e chuvoso apresentaram valores de correlaÃÃes de 0,76 e 0,58, consideradas forte e moderada, para os parÃmetros de Pearson, respectivamente. O modelo conseguiu representar de forma satisfatÃria o regime de vento local para a estaÃÃo seca do ano, sendo necessÃrias mais pesquisas na Ãrea para analisar como o modelo se comporta na representaÃÃo do perÃodo chuvoso. Assim este modelo apresenta resultados satisfatÃrios para ser utilizado como ferramenta para avaliaÃÃo de regiÃes com potencial em geraÃÃo eolioelÃtrica, sendo necessÃrias mais pesquisas para ajustÃ-lo melhor.
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Iwabe, Clara Miho Narukawa. "Ciclones secundários no Sudoeste do Atlântico Sul: climatologia e simulação numérica." Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/14/14133/tde-08042013-180829/.

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Os ciclones secundários são sistemas que ainda não são bem definidos e, assim, são fenômenos de difícil previsibilidade, necessitando de mais estudos para identificar os sinais que disparam seu desenvolvimento. Neste estudo realizou-se um levantamento climatológico e estudo numérico de ciclogênese secundária no sudoeste do Oceano Atlântico Sul com o objetivo de obter informações sobre a atuação destes sistemas e entender os processos dinâmicos envolvidos no seu desenvolvimento. Para o período entre 1980 e 2010, a climatologia mostra que uma média de 3,9 sistemas secundários se forma por ano no Oceano Atlântico Sul. Estes sistemas ocorrem com maior e menor frequência nos meses frios e quentes, respectivamente. Dois tipos distintos de ciclones secundários foram encontrados. TIPO1 que se forma a leste e na região da frente quente do ciclone primário. Estes sistemas se desenvolvem sob advecção quente nos baixos níveis e pouca influência de anomalias de vorticidade potencial (VP) de altos níveis; TIPO2 se desenvolve a oeste/noroeste do ciclone primário onde predomina forte advecção fria em baixos níveis. No entanto, fluxos de calor e umidade intensos contribuem para aquecer a baixa troposfera e em altos níveis são forçados por anomalias de VP. Simulações numéricas com o modelo Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) indicam os fluxos de calor sensível e latente na superfície como mecanismos de intensificação dos ciclones secundários TIPO1 e TIPO2, sendo o fluxo de calor latente mais importante no abaixamento de pressão destes sistemas. Os experimentos numéricos mostram que o ciclone do TIPO2 não se desenvolve na ausência de anomalia de VP, enquanto que o TIPO1 se desenvolve mais fraco e atrasado no tempo. A análise por separação de fatores indica que a anomalia de VP e algum outro mecanismo não relacionado aos fatores avaliados nas simulações tiveram papel disparador no ciclone do TIPO1, enquanto a interação da anomalia de VP com os fluxos de superfície atuou como intensificador. No TIPO2, o desenvolvimento ocorreu unicamente pela atuação da anomalia de VP, a qual também agiu como um intensificador juntamente com os fluxos de calor e umidade, bem como os processos de interação entre estes dois fatores.
Secondary cyclones are systems that are not well defined yet and they are difficult to predict, requiring further studies to identify the signals that trigger their development. In this study we carried out a climatology and numerical study of secondary cyclogenesis over the southwestern South Atlantic Ocean in order to obtain information about these systems and understand the dynamic processes involved in its development. The climatology for the period 1980-2010 shows that an average of 3.9 secondary systems per year develops in the southwestern South Atlantic Ocean. These systems occur with more and less frequency in the colder and warmer months, respectively. Two distinct types of secondary cyclones were found. TYPE1 forms eastward and over the warm front region of the primary cyclone. These systems develop due to warm advection at lower levels and relatively weak influence of potential vorticity (PV) anomalies at upper levels. TYPE2 develops westward/northwestward of the primary cyclone where strong cold advection predominates at lower levels. However, in this type, the lower troposphere is heated due to intense heat and moisture fluxes and at upper levels it is forced by PV anomalies. Numerical simulations using the Weather Research and Forecasting model (WRF) indicate that the sensible and latent heat fluxes on surface act as intensification mechanisms for both TYPE1 and TYPE2 secondary cyclones and that the latent heat flux influences more on decreasing the pressure in these systems. The numerical experiments show that the cyclone TYPE2 does not develop in the absence of PV anomalies, while the TYPE1 does, but it is relatively weaker and delayed in time. Factors separation analysis indicates that the PV anomaly and some other mechanism unrelated to the factors evaluated in the simulations have a triggering role in the development of the secondary cyclone TYPE1, while the interaction of PV anomaly with surface fluxes acted to intensify the cyclone. The TYPE2 development occurred solely due to PV anomaly, which also acted to intensifying together with heat/moisture fluxes on surface as well as the interaction processes of these two factors.
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Books on the topic "WRFM"

1

Kalsum. Wawacan dalam khasanah sastra Sunda dan suntingan teks wawacan rawi Mulud (WRM). Jatinangor, Sumedang: Sastra Unpad Press, 2010.

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Das, Someshwar. Simulation of seasonal monsoon rainfall over the SAARC region by dynamical downscaling using WRF model. Dhaka: SAARC Meteorological Research Centre, 2012.

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McAllister, Michael J. Case studies in educational auditing: Outcomes of a WRFE project undertaken in Lancashire County FE Colleges June 1989-90. [Preston]: [Lancashire County Council], 1991.

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B. R. S. B. Basnayake. Structure and movement of tropical cyclones over the North Indian ocean simulated by WRF-ARW model. Dhaka: SAARC Meteorological Research Centre, 2010.

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B. R. S. B. Basnayake. Nor'westers over Bangladesh and neighborhood during pre-monsoon season of 2009: Observations and WRF model simulations. Dhaka: SAARC Meteorological Research Centre, 2010.

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Neto, Pedro. Robotics in Smart Manufacturing: International Workshop, WRSM 2013, Co-located with FAIM 2013, Porto, Portugal, June 26-28, 2013. Proceedings. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013.

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Das, Someshwar. Assimilation of storm 2009 field observations in WRF model and their impact on the simulations of thunderstorms. Dhaka: SAARC Meteorological Research Centre, 2012.

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Faught, Ken. Yamaha YZF & WRF Performance Projects. Motorbooks, 2005.

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Evaluation of the WRFE Programme (Research Series: 55). The Stationery Office Books (Agencies), 1995.

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The Shadow Isle: Book Three of The Silver Wrym. DAW Hardcover, 2008.

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Book chapters on the topic "WRFM"

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Rohland, Christoph J. "Ziele des WRFU." In essentials, 15. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-34904-2_5.

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Rohland, Christoph J. "Anteil Stimmen im WRFU." In essentials, 17–19. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-34904-2_6.

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Narasimhan, Priya, Brian Blake, and Giacomo Cabri. "WRSM 2003 PC Co-Chairs’ Message." In On The Move to Meaningful Internet Systems 2003: OTM 2003 Workshops, 870. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-39962-9_85.

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Dobrinkova, Nina, Georgi Jordanov, and Jan Mandel. "WRF-Fire Applied in Bulgaria." In Numerical Methods and Applications, 133–40. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-18466-6_15.

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Mues, A., A. Lauer, and M. Rupakheti. "PM Modelling over Nepal with WRF-Chem." In Springer Proceedings in Complexity, 319–23. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-24478-5_52.

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Varlas, G., P. Katsafados, and A. Papadopoulos. "Temperature Seasonal Predictability of the WRF Model." In Perspectives on Atmospheric Sciences, 75–80. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-35095-0_11.

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Barutcu, Burak, Seyda Tilev Tanriover, Serim Sakarya, Selahattin Incecik, F. Mert Sayinta, Erhan Caliskan, Abdullah Kahraman, Bulent Aksoy, Ceyhan Kahya, and Sema Topcu. "Improving WRF GHI Forecasts with Model Output Statistics." In Progress in Clean Energy, Volume 1, 291–99. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-16709-1_20.

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Bauer, Hans-Stefan, Thomas Schwitalla, Oliver Branch, Rohith Thundathil, Stephan Adam, and Volker Wulfmeyer. "WRF Simulations to Investigate Processes Across Scales (WRFSCALE)." In High Performance Computing in Science and Engineering '19, 501–19. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-66792-4_34.

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Kolokytha, Elpida, and Charalampos Skoulikaris. "WRM and EU policies to adapt to climate change." In Climate Change-Sensitive Water Resources Management, 4–24. First edition. | Boca Raton : CRC Press, [2021] | Series: IAHR monographs series: CRC Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780429289873-2.

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Jolivet, S., and F. Chane-Ming. "WRF Modelling of Turbulence Triggering Convective Thunderstorms over Singapore." In Notes on Numerical Fluid Mechanics and Multidisciplinary Design, 115–22. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-43489-5_14.

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Conference papers on the topic "WRFM"

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Kingsley, Iheajemu, Attah Thomson, Igban Kalu, and Adeniran Babatunde. "WRFM Technical Data Management - An Enabler for Effective WRFM Value Loop Excellence." In SPE Nigeria Annual International Conference and Exhibition. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/184323-ms.

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Egbe, ThankGod, Gideon Sanni, and Abba Chiroma. "Advances in WRFM Technology Integration." In SPE Nigeria Annual International Conference and Exhibition. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/193528-ms.

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Fedorov, N., and D. Pavlov. "Leveraging WRFM Data to Reduce Reservoir Connectivity and Correlation Uncertainties." In Far East Hydrocarbons 2019. European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.201951025.

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Gonzalez, Santiago, Fernando Gomez, Gregorio Gonzalez, and Jacobo Montero. "Benchmarking Well, Reservoir and Facility Management WRFM Performance in Greenfield Heavy Oil Assets." In SPE Kuwait Oil & Gas Show and Conference. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/198167-ms.

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Zeidan, A. A., Reeham Ali Redha, Darryl D. Williams, and Jacobo Enrique Montero. "Implementing WRFM Well, Reservoir, Facility Management and Smart Field Best Practices for EOR Optimization." In SPE International Heavy Oil Conference and Exhibition. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/193693-ms.

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Sa'ad, Abdul-Wahab, Olumide Ayeni, Obaro Unukogbon, Obiora Nwosu, and Imonitie Imorame. "Raising the Sleeping Giants: Restarting of Alpha & Beta Fields World-Class WRFM Collaboration." In SPE Nigeria Annual International Conference and Exhibition. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/203640-ms.

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Zeidan, A. A., Reeham Ali Redha, and Darryl D. Williams. "Implementing WRFM Well, Reservoir, Facility Management and Smart Field Best Practices for EOR Optimization." In SPE EOR Conference at Oil and Gas West Asia. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/190345-ms.

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Saraiva, Rafael. "Clusterização e Análise da Carteira de Clientes de Time de Futebol Brasileiro via Modelagem WRFM." In ANAIS DO 14º SIMPóSIO BRASILEIRO DE AUTOMAçãO INTELIGENTE. Galoa, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.17648/sbai-2019-112460.

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Sunday, Ewhoforama, Oghene Nkonyeasua, Ayeni Olumide, Ibikunle Gbolade, William Tamunotonye, and Ori-Jesu Efe. "Optimising Reservoir Production in WRFM by Unleashing Locked-in Potential through Trusted Data at Finger's Tip." In SPE Nigeria Annual International Conference and Exhibition. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/184367-ms.

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Golushko, A., D. Pesotskaya, B. Mabrouki, A. Beresnev, M. Nakatsukasa, A. Garipov, and M. Petrova. "Making Use of 4D Seismic on Lunskoye Field to Calibrate Static and Dynamic Models and Define WRFM Scope." In Geomodel 2021. European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.202157052.

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Reports on the topic "WRFM"

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Wiersema, David John, Katherine A. Lundquist, and Fotini Katapodes Chow. A framework for WRF to WRF-IBM grid nesting to enable multiscale simulations. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1331464.

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Tran, Duc. WRF Validation in Portland, OR. Portland State University Library, January 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/honors.72.

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LeGrand, Sandra, Christopher Polashenski, Theodore Letcher, Glenn Creighton, Steven Peckham, and Jeffrey Cetola. The AFWA dust emission scheme for the GOCART aerosol model in WRF-Chem v3.8.1. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), August 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/41560.

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Airborne particles of mineral dust play a key role in Earth’s climate system and affect human activities around the globe. The numerical weather modeling community has undertaken considerable efforts to accurately forecast these dust emissions. Here, for the first time in the literature, we thoroughly describe and document the Air Force Weather Agency (AFWA) dust emission scheme for the Georgia Institute of Technology–Goddard Global Ozone Chemistry Aerosol Radiation and Transport (GOCART) aerosol model within the Weather Research and Forecasting model with chemistry (WRF-Chem) and compare it to the other dust emission schemes available in WRF-Chem. The AFWA dust emission scheme addresses some shortcomings experienced by the earlier GOCART-WRF scheme. Improved model physics are designed to better handle emission of fine dust particles by representing saltation bombardment. WRF-Chem model performance with the AFWA scheme is evaluated against observations of dust emission in southwest Asia and compared to emissions predicted by the other schemes built into the WRF-Chem GOCART model. Results highlight the relative strengths of the available schemes, indicate the reasons for disagreement, and demonstrate the need for improved soil source data.
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Poppeliers, Christian, Katherine Anderson Aur, Lauren Bronwyn Wheeler, Christian Poppeliers, and Leiph Preston. Building and Running TDAAPS Models: WRF Postdictions. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1472225.

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Neef, Paul A., Adrian M. Crowley, Dwight Pavek, Wayne Young, and Kelly M. Vinson. War Reserve Materiel Capability Assessment (WRM-CA). Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, May 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada405417.

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Aur, Katherine, Leiph Preston, Christian Poppeliers, and Michelle Williams. Building and Running TDAAPS Models: WRF Predictions. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), October 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1761342.

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Wheeler, Lauren, Christian Poppeliers, and Leiph Preston. Building and Running TDAAPS Models: Nudged WRF Hindcasts. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1763262.

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Sauter, Barbara. Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) Results Over New Mexico. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, January 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada443014.

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Lin, Wuyin, Minghua Zhang, Juanxiong He, Xiangmin Jiao, Ying Chen, Brian Colle, Andrew M. Vogelmann, Ping Liu, Marat Khairoutdinov, and Ruby Leung. Two-Way Integration of WRF and CCSM for Regional Climate Simulations. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), July 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1087316.

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Henmi, Teizi, Robert Flanigan, and Richard Padilla. Development and Application of an Evaluation Method for the WRF Mesoscale Model. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada438387.

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