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1

Murooka, Ken-ichi, Kiyoshi Hattori, and Osamu Iizuka. "Initial results of a 50 kV electron beam writer EBM-4000 for a 90 nm node photomask." Journal of Vacuum Science & Technology B: Microelectronics and Nanometer Structures 21, no. 6 (2003): 2668. http://dx.doi.org/10.1116/1.1627803.

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2

Hudson, Anne. "A Wycliffite Scholar of the Early Fifteenth Century." Studies in Church History. Subsidia 4 (1985): 301–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0143045900003690.

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Twenty-Five years ago the title of this paper would have seemed to many a contradiction in terms; even now there may be some who will expect the scholar of my title to be a critic of Wyclif, erudite in the heresiarch’s manifold outpourings. The scholar was, however, himself a Wycliffite, indeed of the radical wing of that persuasion. His misfortune, from a modern viewpoint, is that he did not in his works reveal his name, and hence a cumbersome periphrasis is unavoidable. The writer reveals most about himself in the Tractatus de Oblacione Iugis Sacrificii, despite its title an English work of nearly 4000 lines, dealing primarily but not exclusively with the Eucharist: there it becomes clear that he must have been writing between March 1413, since Henry IV is spoken of as recently dead, and February 1414, since Arundel (þe grettist enmy þat Crist haþ in Ynglond) is still said to be archbishop of Canterbury, and that he had previously treated the subject of clerical temporalities in a sermon on the text Omnis plantacio qu[am] non plantauit pater meus celestis eradkabitur. The Tractatus survives in a single manuscript, now BL, Cotton Titus D. v, of the first half of the fifteenth century and clearly not the author’s original.
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3

Smith, Angela. "Write B24!" South African Medical Journal 100, no. 3 (2010): 133. http://dx.doi.org/10.7196/samj.4005.

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4

Blásquez, Elsa Barberena. "Sor Juana and her library world." Transinformação 12, no. 1 (2000): 83–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0103-37862000000100008.

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There has been numerous documents about Sor Juana since Juan Camacho published his first volume in Madrid in 1689, and more so during 1995, her anniversary. There is no certainty about the date of her birth, it is placed between 1651 and 1653, she died in 1695. The magazines A BSIDE. REVISTA DE CULTURA MEXICANA during the period 1941-1973 published 25 articles, and CONTEMPORÂNEOS eight articles from 1929 to 1931; the BOLETIN DE LA BIBLIOTECA NACIONAL published five articles in 1951 and I960, but none of these deal with her library. The following authors have discussed her library: the writer, Ermilo Abreu Gómezf1934); Alfonso Méndez Plancarte (1944); the art historian and critic, Francisco de la Maza (1952); the poet Octavio Paz (1982); the ex-director of the Mexican National Library, Ignacio Osorio (1986). I think that the 4000 volumes of this library played an important part in her writings, and much more than companions: objects of her world. This library unfortunately, disintegrated by her at the end of her life, is an example of library collections and libraries of the New World, together with the first academic library built in Mexico City: "La Biblioteca del Colegio de Santa Cruz de Tlatelolco " (1536). To know about the titles of some of these books, whose existence can only be seen in two of the paintings of Sor Juana, one by the Mexican artist Juan de Miranda, active from 1697 to 1711, owned by the "Universidad Nacional Autônoma de México", and the other by the Mexican painter, Miguel Cabrera at the "Museo Nacional de Historia del Castillo de Chapultepec" in Mexico City, gives us an idea not only of her library, but of her world. The XVIIc in Mexico City is a baroque century with its four social entities: the Court, the Church, the City and the Convent in which Sor Juana lived. If we take into consideration her writings, there was a fifth entity, the Hispanic literary world. Sor Juana with her beauty, charm, intelligence and ability to deal with the most important personalities of her time was considered a string between the New and the Old Worlds because of her literary contributions as a woman, more so as an American woman of the XVIIc. She is pondered by Alatorref1995) as the spiritual gold similar to the gold extracted from the New World mines. In a metaphorical way her writings are the result of her intellect and of the contents extracted from the books which represented the world of knowledge contained in her library.
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Cameron, Catherine Ann, and Bonnie Moshenko. "Elicitation of knowledge transformational reports while children write narratives." Canadian Journal of Behavioural Science / Revue canadienne des sciences du comportement 28, no. 4 (1996): 271–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0008-400x.28.4.271.

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Ponyrko, N. V. "Archpriest Avvakum as a Preacher (Honoring his 400th Anniversary)." Russkaya literatura 4 (2020): 5–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.31860/0131-6095-2020-4-5-20.

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The article discusses the part of the literary heritage of Archpriest Avvakum that relates to the preaching genre. The content of Avvakum’s Teachings, included in the Book of Conversations and the Book of Interpretations is subjected to research analysis. As a prerequisite for the writer’s preaching work, Avvakum’s oral teaching activities of the pre-Pustozersk period of his life are outlined. It is shown that the style of Avvakum’s preaching writings was influenced by four types of verbal elements, him being equally immersed in all of them until the end of his days: the style of the Holy Scriptures, the style of the liturgical texts and liturgical hymnography, the style of the Old Russian bookish language and the style of the Russian spoken language with its characteristic «vernacular» flow. The bold combination of these four elements, manifested primarily in the genre of free sermon, turns Avvakum into a highly innovative writer.
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Acob, Joel Rey Ugsang, and Sahrir Sillehu. "Invitation to Write Book Reviews and Library Research." Aloha International Journal of Multidisciplinary Advancement (AIJMU) 3, no. 4 (2021): 76. http://dx.doi.org/10.33846/aijmu30401.

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EDITORIAL
 
 We need to inform you again that the Aloha International Journal of Multidisciplinary Advancement (AIJMU) has a mission to publish research results and ideas from various disciplines of science and technology. In this editorial, we constantly invite researchers and academics around the world to share their best papers in this journal. In April 2021, we invite authors to publish scientific papers which are a form of document study. In this case, we can accept articles from document studies in short form such as book reviews, but we also look forward to the presence of articles and long forms, such as library research.
 Book review is a type of short paper (usually contains 1000 to 200 words), which contains a review of a book that the author considers interesting or important. In addition to the title, author and affiliation, this article consists of at least 4 important parts, namely an introduction, a review (a summary of the book's contents, strengths, weaknesses and suggestions if any), conclusions and references. However, authors may write in a different systematics as long as they do not go outside the principles of writing a book review.
 Meanwhile, library research is one type of qualitative research that emphasizes data sources in the form of documents, although it can be strengthened by other data sources, for example the results of interviews. This type of paper is usually written in a large number of words, for example 4000 to 10000 words, depending on the rules of the journal. There are three main types of literature research: historical studies, biographical studies and document studies.
 We hope that articles based on document studies will further enrich the database of scientific papers in this journal, which in turn can contribute to the development and advancement of science and technology.
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Wang, Julie, and Scott H. Sicherer. "Guidance on Completing a Written Allergy and Anaphylaxis Emergency Plan." Pediatrics 139, no. 3 (2017): e20164005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.2016-4005.

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van Opstall, Emilie. "Book review: New Epigrams of Palladas: a Fragmentary Papyrus Codex (P.CtYBR inv. 4000), written by Wilkinson, K.W." Mnemosyne 68, no. 1 (2015): 156–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1568525x-12301839.

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Lv, Yi, Qian Wang, Houpeng Chen, et al. "Enhancing the Data Reliability of Multilevel Storage in Phase Change Memory with 2T2R Cell Structure." Micromachines 12, no. 9 (2021): 1085. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi12091085.

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Multilevel storage and the continuing scaling down of technology have significantly improved the storage density of phase change memory, but have also brought about a challenge, in that data reliability can degrade due to the resistance drift. To ensure data reliability, many read and write operation technologies have been proposed. However, they only mitigate the influence on data through read and write operations after resistance drift occurs. In this paper, we consider the working principle of multilevel storage for PCM and present a novel 2T2R structure circuit to increase the storage density and reduce the influence of resistance drift fundamentally. To realize 3-bit per cell storage, a wide range of resistances were selected as different states of phase change memory. Then, we proposed a 4:3 compressing encoding scheme to transform the output data into binary data states. Therefore, the designed 2T2R was proven to have optimized storage density and data reliability by monitoring the conductance distribution at four time points (1 ms, 1 s, 6 h, 12 h) in 4000 devices. Simulation results showed that the resistance drift of our proposed 2T2R structure can significantly improve the storage density of multilevel storage and increase the data reliability of phase change memory.
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Islam, Aminul, N. S. Ranjan, and Amit Krishna Dwivedi. "Compact design of an MTJ-based non-volatile CAM cell with read/write operations." Microsystem Technologies 26, no. 10 (2018): 3259–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00542-018-4008-x.

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Nguyen, Thao A., Tadashi Yogi, and Steven Lambert. "Microstructures and recording performances of longitudinal media using different atomic mass underlayer materials." Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 49 (August 1991): 758–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424820100088105.

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Magnetic and recording properties of Co-based longitudinal media are strongly influenced by the underlayer and sputtering conditions. We have investigated the relationship between magnetics, recording noise and microstructural characteristics of CoPtCr media on Mo and W underlayers over a sputtering pressure range 3-24 mtorr. complementing our earlier work of Cr underlayer.The media structure is C/CoPtCr/Mo or W, with thicknesses of 25/25/100 nm respectively. The film structure was sputter-deposited in a DC S-gun magnetron system. The remanence-thickness product, Mft, was kept in the range of 0.6-1.0 10-3 emu/cm2. The films were characterized by a vibrating sample magnetometer for their magnetic properties. Magnetic recording measurements were made with thin film inductive write heads with a track width of about 10 μm at a flying height of about 5 μm. The microstructures were studied using the IEOL JEM 4000 FX and AKASFII 002-B transmission electron microscopes.
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REED, HOWARD A. "ANDREW MANGO, Atatürk—The Biography of the Founder of Modern Turkey (London: John Murray, 1999; Woodstock, N.Y.: Overlook Press, 2000). Pp. 687. $40.00 cloth." International Journal of Middle East Studies 34, no. 3 (2002): 577–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020743802223073.

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This is the best biography to date of Mustafa Kemal Atatürk. Kemal co-founded the Turkish Republic in 1923 and was its first president until his death in 1938 at age 58. Mango writes that Kemal “believed that the struggle for genuine independence should be waged by each nation for itself in the name of an overarching secular ideal of progress common to all. . . . His aim was not imitation but participation in a universal civilization” (p. xi). Kemal's views derived from those of late Ottoman ideologues—notably Namık Kemal and Ziya Gökalp (authors of significant studies that are not in Mango's bibliography, which, in this reviewer's opinion, would have enhanced his fine work). Kemal was “[a]bove all . . . a builder, the greatest nation-builder of modern times,” writes Mango on the first page of his engagingly written, well-documented book. He concludes that “Atatürk was a competent commander, a shrewd politician, a statesman of supreme realism. But above all he was a man of the Enlightenment. And the Enlightenment was not made by saints” (p. 528).
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14

Purwati, Sri. "PENINGKATAN PRESTASI BELAJAR MEMBACA DAN MENULIS MELALUI ALAT PERAGA." HUMANIS: Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Sosial dan Humaniora 11, no. 2 (2019): 146–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.52166/humanis.v11i2.2303.

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This study aims to improve the achievement of learning to read and write through the use of teaching aids. This research is classified as action research with steps: planning, implementing procedures, reflection. The subjects of this study were Class I students at Palangan II Elementary School, Karangbinangun Subdistrict, Lamongan. The results of the analysis and reflection conducted by colleagues show that the interest of students in class I (one) in learning to read and write words, simple sentences with reasonable pronunciation and intonation has increased, in the initial condition 26.66% to 40.00% in cycle I means up 13.34%. The results of students in the final test or on a daily tests increased presentase students completed study on the initial conditions of 46% to 60% in the first cycle means an increase of 14% and to 87% in the second cycle rose 27%. Indicators of success about student learning outcomes in this study are determined at least 75% of the number of students who have reached KKM means that they have succeeded.
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Parkes, K. Stuart, and Rainer Krems. "Writers and Politics in West Germany. London & Sidney: Croom Helm, 1986 — ISBN 0-7099-4007-6. 251 Seiten, £ 22.50." Informationen Deutsch als Fremdsprache 16, no. 3 (1989): 98–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/infodaf-1989-160324.

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Nguyen, Thao A., Tadashi Yogi, and Steven E. Lambert. "The effect of sputtering pressure on microstructure and recording performance of high-density magnetic recording media." Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 48, no. 4 (1990): 770–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424820100176988.

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Understanding the magnetic properties of thin films applicable to high density recording requires detailed knowledge of the microstructure and microchemistry of the film. Interactions such as exchange and magnetostatic as well as anisotropies have been shown theoretically to influence the magnetic properties and recording characteristics of the media. These magnetic interactions and anisotropies are very sensitive to microstructure. This study reports the efTcct of sputtering pressure on the microstructurc and magnetic properties of thin CoPtCr films. The relation between the microstructural features and the magnetic interactions will be discussed.The film structure, C/Co77Pt6Cr17/Cr, was sequentially sputtered onto Si and NiP/AlMg substrates precleaned by an rf plasma. The thicknesses were 25/25-60/100 nm respectively. Sputtering pressures ranging from 3 to 24 mtorr were investigated. The magnetic properties of the films (coercive field, Hc, coercive squareness, S*, remanent and saturation moments, Mrand Ms) were determined by vibrating sample magnetometry. The magnetic recording measurements were made with thin film inductive write heads and experimental shielded magnetoresistive read head with a track width of about 10μm. The head-media spacing was 5 μin. Noise voltages for transition densities up to 3000 fc/mm were determined in the usual fashion. The microstructures were studied using the JEOL JEM 2000 FX and 4000 EX transmission electron microscopes.
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17

Roberts, Michael. "The Genesis of John Ray and his Successors." Evangelical Quarterly 74, no. 2 (2002): 143–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/27725472-07402004.

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Most writers assume that, until geological findings forced them to modify their beliefs in the 19th Century, all Christians believed that the earth was created in 4004 BC on the basis of Ussher’s chronological calculations. By considering first John Ray and his contemporary theologians, poets and naturalists, it is clear that few followed Ussher even in the 17th Century. They favoured a Chaos-Restitution interpretation of Genesis One allowing a longer time. Most held this in the 18th Century but after the awareness of vast geological time the duration of Chaos was vastly extended to include all geological time. This preceded the Gap Theory of Chalmers in 1802. Until the 1850s this was the dominant interpretation, when Hugh Miller and Rorison rejected it. After that most conservative Christians rejected it, but it found new life in the Scofield Bible only to be rejected after the rise of Creationism in 1961.
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Pennell, Richard. "Making the Foreign Past Real: Teaching and Assessing Middle Eastern History in Australia." Review of Middle East Studies 51, no. 1 (2017): 40–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/rms.2017.51.

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Teaching modern Middle East history at the University of Melbourne raises problems of culture. Students are not generally acquainted with the Middle East and North Africa—even those whose families originate there—news coverage is patchy, and Australia is far away. Not all students are even arts students let alone history majors: our degree structure requires interdisciplinary study. The University is liberal about how to assess students, only requiring that during a twelve-week semester subject a student must write 4000 words. Within broad bounds, how teachers do this is up to them, although the Arts Faculty has a culture of avoiding unseen examinations. History major students are very accustomed to the “traditional” researched essay format, but it does not provide much variety of intellectual training; it is unfamiliar to non-Arts students; in classes that regularly number over 100 students, it is tiring and boring to assess; and large numbers of essays are freely available online. So I have introduced an assessment task to replace the standard researched essay. The purpose here is to describe an alternative approach to assessment and learning by using a simulation: in that sense the actual topic of the simulation is secondary. It concerns refugees, which is of course, a matter of vital current concern, but it is the reasoning behind the task that I hope is instructive.
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Petrucci, Stefano, Rosen Matev, and Roel Aaij. "Scalable monitoring data processing for the LHCb software trigger." EPJ Web of Conferences 245 (2020): 01039. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/202024501039.

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The LHCb High Level Trigger (HLT) is split in two stages. HLT1 is synchronous with collisions delivered by the LHC and writes its output to a local disk buffer, which is asynchronously processed by HLT2. Efficient monitoring of the data being processed by the application is crucial to promptly diagnose detector or software problems. HLT2 consists of approximately 50000 processes and 4000 histograms are produced by each process. This results in 200 million histograms that need to be aggregated for each of up to a hundred data taking intervals that are being processed simultaneously. This paper presents the multi-level hierarchical architecture of the monitoring infrastructure put in place to achieve this. Network bandwidth is minimised by sending histogram increments and only exchanging metadata when necessary, using a custom lightweight protocol based on boost::serialize. The transport layer is implemented with ZeroMQ, which supports IPC and TCP communication, queue handling, asynchronous request/response and multipart messages. The persistent storage to ROOT is parallelized in order to cope with data arriving from a hundred of data taking intervals being processed simultaneously by HLT2. The performance and the scalability of the current system are presented. We demonstrate the feasibility of such an approach for the HLT1 use case, where real-time feedback and reliability of the infrastructure are crucial. In addition, a prototype of a high-level transport layer based on the stream-processing platform Apache Kafka is shown, which has several advantages over the lower-level ZeroMQ solution.
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BEER, JANET. "Valerie Lee, Granny Midwives & Black Women Writers (London: Routledge, 1997, £40.00 cloth, £12.99 paper). Pp. 202. ISBN 0 415 91507 4, 0415 91508 2." Journal of American Studies 32, no. 2 (1998): 307–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s002187589843593x.

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Kane, Anthony J. "Politics and Literature in Shanghai: The Chinese League of Left- Wing Writers, 1930–36. By Wang-Chi Wong. [Manchester: Manchester University Press, 1991. 254 pp. £40.00.]." China Quarterly 132 (December 1992): 1176–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0305741000045641.

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Beaudoin, Luc. "TwoHundredYearsofPushkin. Volume I: "Pushkin's Secret": Russian Writers Rereadand Rewrite Pushkin. Edited by Joe Andrew and Robert Reid. Amsterdam-New York: Rodopi, 2003. 213 pp. $40.00 (paper)." Canadian-American Slavic Studies 40, no. 4 (2006): 522–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/221023906x00186.

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Vinicius, Lucio. "Book review ofHow to Write and Illustrate a Scientific Paper.By B. Gustavii. (Cambridge University Press, 2003). [pp. 141]. ISBN: 0521530245, £40.00 hbk; ISBN: 0521823234, £13.99 pbk." Annals of Human Biology 31, no. 4 (2004): 496. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03014460410001703745.

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Elkins, Sharon. "Women Writers of the Renaissance and Reformation. Edited by Katharina M. Wilson. Athens, Georgia: The University of Georgia Press, 1987. xl + 638 pp. $40.00 cloth; $19.95 paper." Church History 59, no. 3 (1990): 404–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3167759.

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Stubbs, Michael. "David Barton, Literacy: An introduction to the ecology of written language. Oxford: Blackwell, 1994 Pp. x, 247. Hb £40.00, $49.95; pb £12.99, $21.95." Language in Society 24, no. 4 (1995): 595–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0047404500019114.

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SAMPSON, MARGARET. "Women writers and the early modern British political tradition. Edited by Hilda L. Smith. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1998. Pp. xiv+392. ISBN 0-521-58509-0. £40.00." Historical Journal 42, no. 2 (1999): 583–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0018246x99238587.

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LENNARD, JOHN. "Empire and information: intelligence gathering and social communication in India, 1780–1870. By C. A. Bayly. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1996. Pp. xiv+412. £40.00. ISBN 0-521-57085-9." Historical Journal 41, no. 2 (1998): 601–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0018246x98007912.

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For the interdisciplinarian, Anglo-Indian historiography can be frustrating. In working on Paul Scott's Raj quartet (four profoundly historical novels about Anglo-India, 1942–7, better known as TV's The jewel in the crown) I have faced such questions as: whether it is reasonable to believe that in 1947 a senior British police officer who owned Pathan clothes and brown make-up used them professionally, passing as an Indian to gather intelligence; what credence the officer's probable homosexuality gives an alternative explanation, that cultural transvestism and Indian guise served private sexual rather than public professional ends; and whether the resonances with Thuggee in the costumed and made-up officer's murder by strangulation (in a Muslim-ruled, Hindu-majority, not-yet-acceded princely state in late July 1947) are of any historical merit. But the archetypes in which writers of fiction can combine scope and particularity are unavailable to the historian, too often confined to the dense and satisfying footnotery of the local study claimed as typical, or happily wandering the open generalizations of the all-India history claimed as exemplary; and for the critic wishing to test the historical probity of a fiction the result is Hobson's choice between easily-found but tangential treatments, and trawling memoirs for the reticent implications of conventional Anglo-Indian understatement.
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Gardner, Kevin J. "Romantic Moderns: English Writers, Artists and the Imagination from Virginia Woolf to John PiperRomantic Moderns: English Writers, Artists and the Imagination from Virginia Woolf to John PiperALEXANDRA HARRIS New York , Thames and Hudson , 2010 320 pp., 79 illus., ISBN: 978-0-5002-5171-3 , $40.00 hb." English Studies 94, no. 3 (2013): 358–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0013838x.2013.779117.

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Yusmaidar, Yusmaidar. "Peningkatan Kemampuan Membaca Pemahaman Melalui Penerapan Metode Survey, Question, Read, Recite, and Review (SQ3R) pada Siswa Kelas III di SDN. No. 054/XI Muara Air Tahun 2016/2017." Jurnal Ilmiah Universitas Batanghari Jambi 19, no. 2 (2019): 374. http://dx.doi.org/10.33087/jiubj.v19i2.635.

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This study aims to improve the reading comprehension ability of grade III students at SDN. No. 054/XI Muara Air year 2016/2017 Through the Application of Survey, Question, Read, Recite, and Review (SQ3R) Methods. The research conducted is classroom action research. The study was conducted at SDN. No. 054/XI Muara Air, Kumun Debai District, Sungai Penuh City, Jambi Province. This study involved five third grade students. Classroom action research was conducted in two cycles, each cycle consisting of four activities, namely planning, implementation, observation, and reflection. The research data was collected through tests and processed using simple statistical tests. The results showed that the application of the SQ3R method can improve student learning activities. All students have been able to read reading material quickly and thoroughly, make questions based on the contents of the reading, write answers to questions that have been made, and dare to read the results in front of the class. In addition, students also have the courage to respond well to answering teacher questions and providing responses to the results of training from other students. The application of the SQ3R method can also improve student learning outcomes. The average value of students increased from 56.00 (pre-action) to 68.00 in Cycle I and 78.00 in Cycle II. In addition, student learning completeness also increased from 40.00% (pre-action) to 80.00% in Cycle I and 100.00% in Cycle II. Thus, the application of the SQ3R method can improve the reading comprehension ability of third grade students at SDN. No. 054/XI Muara Air year 2016/2017
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Altyar, Ahmed Essam, Samaher Abdullah Sadoun, Rahaf Saad Alradadi, and Sarah Sultan Aljohani. "Evaluating Pharmacy Practice in Hospital Settings in Jeddah City, Saudi Arabia: Prescribing and Transcribing—2018." Hospital Pharmacy 55, no. 5 (2019): 306–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0018578719844707.

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Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the prescription and transcription processes in hospital settings in Jeddah city, Saudi Arabia. Method: A customized version of the original American Society of Health-System Pharmacists (ASHP) survey was distributed to a total of 26 hospitals in Jeddah city that fits our criteria starting from December 2017. Hospitals’ names were adopted from the Ministry of Health and Jeddah Municipality websites. All questionnaires were collected in June 2018. After that, they were classified according to the type of care provided by the hospital, size, ownership, teaching affiliation, and accreditation. Data were entered electronically using Google forms, and then Microsoft Excel was used to conduct descriptive statistics. Results: The survey had a response rate of 57%. A strict formulary system was adopted in 53.3% of hospitals, and clinical practice guidelines were used to optimize medication use in 86.7% of hospitals. Pharmacists do not have the authority to write medication orders in about 86.7% of hospitals and only 40.0% of hospitals have pharmacists routinely assigned to patient care units. However, Pharmacists actively provided consultation, mostly in drug information (80.0%). Computerized prescriber order entry (CPOE) is used to receive medication orders electronically in 80.0% of hospitals, and electronic health record (EHR) is used in about 53.3% of hospitals and 50.0% of those hospitals have pharmacists who document their clinical intervention in EHR. Conclusion: Survey results suggest that pharmacists in hospital settings have not yet been positioned to improve the prescribing and transcribing components of the medication-use process.
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Robertson, Ritchie. "Book Reviews : Zarathustra's Children: A Study of a Lost Generation of German Writers. By Raymond Furness. (Studies in German Literature, Linguistics, and Culture.) Rochester, NY: Camden House, 2000. Pp. ix + 220. £40.00." Journal of European Studies 30, no. 120 (2000): 426–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/004724410003012015.

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Albu, Emily. "Amanda Jane Hingst . The Written World: Past and Place in the Work of Orderic Vitalis . Notre Dame, Ind. : University of Notre Dame Press . 2009 . Pp. xxiii, 272. $40.00." American Historical Review 115, no. 4 (2010): 1204–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/ahr.115.4.1204.

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Overington, Michael A. "Book Reviews : Charles Bazerman, Shaping Written Knowledge: The Genre and Activity of the Experimental Article in Science. University of Wisconsin Press, Madison, 1988. Pp. 356, $40.00 (cloth), $17.50 (paper." Philosophy of the Social Sciences 21, no. 3 (1991): 416–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/004839319102100311.

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Munn, Charles W. "M. M. G. Fase, G. D. Feldman and M. Pohl (eds), How to Write the History of a Bank (Aldershot: Scolar Press for the European Association for Banking History, 1995. 187 pp. £40.00)." Financial History Review 4, no. 2 (1997): 225–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0968565000000998.

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Thomas, Hugh M. "The Written World: Past and Place in the Work of Orderic Vitalis. By Amanda Jane Hingst. Notre Dame, Ind.: University of Notre Dame Press, 2009. xxiv+272 pp. $40.00 paper." Church History 79, no. 2 (2010): 429–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0009640710000132.

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Gooding, David. "Reviews : Charles Bazerman, Shaping Written Knowledge: the Genre and Activity of the Experimental Article in Science, Madison, Wisc./London: University of Wisconsin Press, 1988, $40.00, paper $17.50, xii + 356 pp." History of the Human Sciences 3, no. 3 (1990): 474–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/095269519000300312.

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Masrochah, Siti, Fatimah Fatimah, and Nurdianty Yunitaningrum. "Analisa Informasi Citra MRI Cervical Potongan Sagital Pada Variasi Nilai Time Repetition (TR) Dengan Sekuens Short Tau Inversion Recovery (STIR)." Jurnal Imejing Diagnostik (JImeD) 6, no. 2 (2020): 79–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.31983/jimed.v6i2.5822.

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Background: One of MRI technique using STIR sequences, such as the cervical examination. STIR sequences used in the cervical spine due to the cervical spine is surrounded by lots of fluids and fat, to reinforce the picture of the cervical spine. According to Braun in 2003 in an article in the American College of Rheumatology, TR on STIR used is 4000 ms. Meanwhile, according to Erika J. Ulbribh in 2011 in an article in the Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging TR on STIR sequences were used that 4860 ms. Based on the writer's observation in several hospitals with the same flight characteristics, the value of TR on STIR sequences different - different. At one hospital using TR 5000 ms, then at other hospitals using the TR 3000 ms. TR value is used based on the theory of 2000 ms.Methods: This research is a quantitative study with an experimental approach. Data were collected from May to June 2016 in the. The subjects of this study are volunteers by using a variation of the value of Time Repetition. It is caused during data capture none of the patients with the diagnosis of the lesion or tumour. image of five variations Repetition Time value is 4090 ms, 5190 ms, 6290 ms, 7390 ms and 8490 ms. Selection of variation based on the value of TR used.Results: From the statistical test result known that There are differences in image information MRI Cervical on the variation of the Time Repetition 4090 ms, TR 5190 ms, TR 6290 ms, TR 7390 ms, and TR 8490 ms to the value of ρ value of 0.000 (ρ 0, 05).That is because Repetition Time (TR) sequences Inversion Recovery (IR) should be long enough to provide opportunities so that Net Magnetization Vectors (NMV) can be in full recovery before the next 180 RF pulse inversion. If TR is too short then each network will be recovery with different levels which will ultimately affect the weighting (weighting) is generated.Conclusion: There are differences in Cervical MRI image information on the variation of the value of 4090 ms Repetition Time, TR 5190 ms, TR 6290 ms, TR 7390 ms, and TR 8490 ms to the value of ρ value of 0.000 (ρ 0.05).
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Bowen, Amanda. "Architecture and women: a bibliography documenting women architects, landscape architects, designers, architectural critics and writers and women in related fields working in the United States, by Lamia Doumato. New York: Garland, 1988. 269p., illus. ISBN 0-8240-4105-4. $40.00." Art Libraries Journal 15, no. 4 (1990): 37–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0307472200007021.

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Short, John Rennie. "Book Reviews : Naked heaven, naked earth. By J. Groves. Penzance, United Writers. 1993. 180 pp. £13.95 cloth. ISBN 1852 000 465. Interpreting nature. By I. G. Simmons. London, Routledge. 1993. xiv + 218 pp. £40.00 cloth, £12.99 paper. ISBN 0 415 09705 3." Ecumene 1, no. 3 (1994): 310–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/147447409400100308.

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Liebrenz, Boris. "Konrad Hirschler. The Written Word in the Medieval Arabic Lands: A Social and Cultural History of Reading Practices. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 2013. vi + 234 pages, illustrations, endnotes, bibliography, index. Paper US$40.00. ISBN 978-0-7486-7734-4." Review of Middle East Studies 48, no. 1-2 (2014): 81–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s2151348100056998.

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Kalnins, Werner, Wolfgang A. Miesbach, and Sylvia von Mackensen. "Perception of Actual Factor Concentrates and Expectations Towards Future Treatment with New Long-Lasting Products - Results of a Survey Among Haemophilia Patients in Germany - Analysis of Open Questions." Blood 126, no. 23 (2015): 3269. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v126.23.3269.3269.

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Abstract Background: Prophylactic treatment allows patients with haemophilia (PWH) to live an approximately normal life. The majority of German PWH receive prophylaxis. The need of frequent weekly injections may impact negatively treatment adherence. This is the expected reason which might result in increased annual bleeding rate. Therefore there is a need for half-life extended products which will be launched end of this year in Germany. However, little is known about patients' perspectives on the use of new products with extended half-life and their willingness to switch to these products. Aim: The German patient organisation DHG is interested to better understand PWH's expectations and concerns towards these new products in order to adapt their support for the haemophilia community. Methods: The study consisted of two phases: 1) conduct of separate focus groups with adult haemophilia patients and parents of haemophilic children with respect to the new long-lasting products across Germany; 2) based on the focus group results construction of a questionnaire for a systematic postal survey among DHG members with haemophilia A or B (n=1,499). Results: The postal survey included questions concerning haemophilia, knowledge about half-life of actual factor concentrates (FC) and attitudes towards actual FC and open ended questions concerning the expectations towards new products and how therapy could be facilitated. The open ended questions should give the participants the chance to write down other aspects, problems, laments and other wishes. Several aspects could be mentioned by the same subject. Out of the sent 1,499 questionnaires 697 questionnaires were sent back; mainly from adult patients (n=518), 177 from parents of haemophilic children. Patients had haemophilia A (83.7%), in a severe form (77.8%), were on prophylaxis (61.4%), mostly three times a week (47.8%) and used recombinant products (57.8%). 14.1% have had an inhibitor. Open questions were answered by 462 respondents, at least 1 to maximum 5 aspects were mentioned. Open questions on the current situation ["facilitation of therapy"] (n=302): less packaging waste (n=129), no cooling required (n=61), sc injections/oral medication/nasal medication (n=54), better supplies like perfect injection needle etc. (n=27), prefilled syringe (n=25), diversity of package size (125 iU to 4000 iU) (n=24), support in home care therapy (n=17), simpler treatment documentation (n=9), improved logistic/delivery for home treatment (n=8). Open questions for future situation (n=160) ["expectations towards new long-lasting products"]: less injections (n=492), same safety/efficacy/compatibility (n=44), better quality of life (n=22), no fridge (n=16), treatment costs/reduction-no increase (n=15), higher trough level (n=9), smaller packaging (n=8), easier handling (n=8), and many more mentioned 1- 3 times. Conclusions: The answers to the open questions in this representative survey among German haemophilia patients and parents of children with haemophilia provide important additional information and insights in the unmet needs of haemophilia patients, which will help the German patient association and pharmaceutical companies to better inform patients about the new up-coming products taking patients needs into consideration. Disclosures Kalnins: SOBI: Consultancy. Miesbach:SOBI: Consultancy. von Mackensen:SOBI: Consultancy.
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Forster, Imogen. "Book reviews : Subject to Others: British women writers and colonial slavery, 1670-1834 By MOIRA FERGUSON (London and New York, Routledge, 1992). 465pp, £40.00 cloth, £12.99 paper. Women Against Slavery: the British campaigns, 1780-1870 By CLARE MIDGLEY (London and New York, Routledge, 1992). 281pp, £37.50." Race & Class 34, no. 4 (1993): 106–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/030639689303400416.

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Stanikūnas, Rytis, Laimonas Puišys, Aldona Radzevičienė, and Henrikas Vaitkevičius. "Colour Preference for Two-Colour Combinations." Psichologija 61 (July 7, 2020): 8–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/psichol.2020.12.

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What determines which colour combinations will be attractive to a person and which will not? Is colour attractiveness only a subjective human experience, or can we predict it based on physical colour parameters? One of the pioneers of the attraction of colour theories was Michel Eugène Chevreul (1786–1889). He distinguished two types of colour harmony – analog colour and contrast – and tried to describe what harmonics are based on physical colour parameters. This was later done by other scientists. Later, semantic evaluation of colours was introduced and factor analysis attempted to identify emotions caused by colours or combinations of colours. The aim of this research is to test whether there is a consistent pattern of judgments of colour combinations under controlled conditions and, if so, to what extent they are influenced by the objective physical characteristics of those combinations. Subjects. The study involved 40 students (20 men, 20 women). All subjects had normal colour vision and were not related to fine art. Research tools. The study used 8 colours: 4 opponent (green, red, yellow and blue) and 4 additional (orange, lettuce, blue and purple). The 28 colour combinations (made up of two different colours) were composed of those 8 colours and printed onto cardboard card where each colour had area of 80 mm x 80 mm. Questionnaire of 40 adjectives consisting of 20 pairs of antonyms were used for semantic colour assessment. Procedure. The investigation was conducted in a dark room. Initially, all 28 cards with colour combinations were placed randomly on a desk lit by a 40 cm high fluorescent lamp (4000K correlated colour temperature). The subject was asked to select one of the cards with the most preferable colour combination, to write its code on the questionnaire and to mark all the epithets in the questionnaire which suits this colour combination. The same procedure was applied to the all other cards. One experiment lasted 35–50 minutes. Results and conclusions. Independent component analysis distinguished 4 dimensions describing colours: pleasure, energy, purple color and strength. Logistic regression analysis was run on colour factor loadings to discriminate colour combinations into two groups: liked and disliked colour combinations. It shows that that colour combination could be predicted as being liked or disliked with 85% probability. Adding physical colour parameters to the regression increases prognostic probability to 92 %. Also a relationship between subjective factors and physical characteristics of colour combinations was found. Pleasure correlates with hue contrast and strength with saturation contrast. It can be argued that the reliability of colour combinations is determined by both subjective and physical factors.
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ROBBINS, KEITH. "LABOURING THE POINT." Historical Journal 47, no. 3 (2004): 775–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0018246x04003954.

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The Lancashire working classes, c. 1880–1930. By Trevor Griffiths. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2001. Pp. viii+390. ISBN 0-19-924738-2. £55.00.Labour in crisis: the second Labour government, 1929–1931. By Neil Riddell. Manchester: Manchester University Press, 1999. Pp. xi+267. ISBN 0-7190-5084-7. £45.00.Classes and cultures: England, 1918–1951. By Ross McKibbin. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2000. Pp. xiii+324. ISBN 0-19-820853-3. £18.99.The Labour party in Wales, 1900–2000. Edited by Duncan Tanner, Chris Williams, and Deian Hopkin. Cardiff: University of Wales Press, 2000. Pp. xiii+324. ISBN 0-7083-1586-0. £35.00.Labour's first century. Edited by Duncan Tanner, Pat Thane, and Nick Tiratsoo. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2000. Pp. x+418. ISBN 0-521-65184-0. £25.00.Red Flag and Union Jack: Englishness, patriotism and the British Left, 1881–1924. By Paul Ward. Woodbridge: Royal Historical Society/Boydell Press, 1998. Pp. viii+232. ISBN 0-86193-239-0. £35.00.Austerity in Britain: rationing, controls and consumption, 1939–1955. By Ina Zweiniger-Bargielowska. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2000. Pp. xiii+286. ISBN 0-19-820453-1. £40.00.Publishers and historians have been unable to resist the opportunity provided by one hundred years of ‘Labour’ to subject the history of the party to fresh scrutiny. Centenary history, however, must rest upon an assumption of continuity. In this case, it is assumed that there is a clear line of descent from the Labour Representation Committee formed in February 1900 to the ‘New Labour’ of the present. There is nothing improper about writing the history of a political party on this basis. Yet, as with other social movements, it is no vast discovery to observe that parties change through time as circumstances and conditions change. The accompanying rhetoric, however, has often skated over such disconcerting realities. When Labour celebrated its half-century, for example, its rise was presented by its chroniclers as a ‘forward march’ in which were enrolled ‘those of all ages and all classes’ who were not afraid to fight for the progress of mankind. Mr Attlee, in his foreword to the volume by Francis Williams, put the matter somewhat differently. Labour's story, he claimed, was very characteristic of Britain. It recorded ‘the triumph of reasonableness and practicality over doctrinaire impossibilism’. It was to be only a decade later, however, that various contemporary observers asked themselves whether the ‘tide of history’ had turned against the party. In the 1970s and 1980s, indeed, commentators and academic writers almost invariably reached for words like ‘crisis’ or ‘decay’ as they contemplated its fate. It looked, indeed, as though the ‘forward march’ might be going nowhere.
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Levin, Carole. "Tina Krontiris. Oppositional Voices: Women as Writers and Translators of Literature in the English Renaissance. New York: Routledge, Chapman & Hall. 1992. Pp. x, 182. $39.95. - Isobel Grundy and Susan Wiseman, editors. Women, Writing, History: 1640-1740. Athens, Ga.: University of Georgia Press. 1992. Pp. 239. $40.00 cloth, $18.00 paper." Albion 25, no. 2 (1993): 295–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/4051469.

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Peters Hasty, Olga. "Under Eastern Eyes: The West as Reflected in Recent Russian Émigré Writing. Ed. Arnold McMillin. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1992. 163 pp. Index. Selected bibliography. $49.95, hard bound. - Conversations in Exile: Russian Writers Abroad. Ed. John Glad. Interviews trans. Richard and Joanna Robin. Durham: Duke University Press, 1993. 315 pp. Chronology. Glossary of names. Hard bound, $49.95; paper, $16.95. - Russian Eyes on American Literature. Eds. Sergei Chakovsky and M. Thomas Inge. Jackson: University Press of Mississippi and A.M. Gorky Institute of World Literature, 1992. 310 pp. Index. $40.00, hard bound." Slavic Review 53, no. 2 (1994): 581–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2501331.

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Kinney, Arthur F. "Peter Meredith, editor. The “Mary Play”: From the N.Town Manuscript. New York: Longman, Inc.1987. Pp. vii, 185. $12.95 paper. - Katharina M. Wilson, editor. Women Writers of the Renaissance and Reformation. Athens, Ga.: The University of Georgia Press. 1987. Pp. xl, 638. $40.00 cloth, $19.95 paper. - E. A. J. Honigmann. John Weever: A Biography of a Literary Associate of Shakespeare and Jonson, Together with a Photographic Facsimile of Weever's “Epigrammes” (1599). (The Revels Plays Companion Library.) New York: St. Martin's Press. 1987. Pp. 134. $35.00. - Gary Waller. English Poetry of the Sixteenth Century. (Longman Literature in English Series.) New York: Longman, Inc.1986. Pp. xiv, 313. $29.95. - Thomas Docherty. John Donne, Undone. New York: Methuen & Co.1986. Pp. 253. $15.95 paper." Albion 20, no. 2 (1988): 302–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/4050053.

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Kent, Christopher. "Undisciplined HistoryThe Writing of History, by Michel de Certeau. New York, Columbia University Press, 1988. 368 pp. $40.00 U.S.History/Writing: The Theory and Practice of History in Antiquity and Modern Times, by Albert Cook. Cambridge and New York, Cambridge University Press, 1988 275 pp. $39.50 U.S.Fabricating History: English Writers on the French Revolution, by Barton R. Friedman. Princeton, Princeton University Press, 1988. 235 pp. $29.50 U.S.Time’s Reasons: Philosophies of History Old and New, by Leonard Krieger. Chicago, University of Chicago Press, 1989. 202 pp. $32.50 U.S.Beyond Anthropology: Society and the Other, by Bernard McGrane. New York, Columbia University Press, 1989. 150 pp. $32.50 U.S.Did the Greeks Believe in Their Myths? An Essay on the Constitutive Imagination, by Paul Veyne. Chicago, University of Chicago Press, 1988. 161 pp. $25.00 U.S." Canadian Journal of History 24, no. 2 (1989): 179–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/cjh.24.2.179.

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SMITH, DAVID L. "NEW PERSPECTIVES ON BRITAIN'S CIVIL WARS Regicide and republicanism: politics and ethics in the English Revolution, 1646–1659. By Sarah Barber. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 1998. Pp. x+246. ISBN 1-85331-211-8. £40.00. The English Civil War: the essential readings. Edited by Peter Gaunt. Oxford: Blackwell, 2000. Pp. viii+360. ISBN 0-631-20809-7. £15.99. Soldiers, writers and statesmen of the English Revolution. Edited by Ian Gentles, John Morrill, and Blair Worden. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1998. Pp. xi+343. ISBN 0-521-59120-1. £40.00. Constructing Cromwell: ceremony, portrait, and print, 1645–1661. By Laura Lunger Knoppers. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2000. Pp. xiii+249. ISBN 0-521-66261-3. £35.00. The journal of Thomas Juxon, 1644–1647. Edited by Keith Lindley and David Scott. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1999. Pp. x+214. ISBN 0-521-65259-6. £45.00. The political world of Thomas Wentworth, earl of Strafford, 1621–1641. Edited by J. F. Merritt. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1996. Pp. xiv+293. ISBN 0-521-56041-1. £37.50. Refiguring revolutions: aesthetics and politics from the English Revolution to the Romantic Revolution. Edited by Kevin Sharpe and Steven N. Zwicker. Berkeley and Los Angeles: California University Press, 1998. Pp. x+376. ISBN 0-520-20920-6. £13.95. Celtic dimensions of the British Civil Wars. Edited by John R. Young. Edinburgh: John Donald, 1997. Pp. viii+232. ISBN 0-85976-452-4. £20.00." Historical Journal 46, no. 2 (2003): 449–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0018246x03003017.

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The crisis that gripped the three kingdoms of England, Ireland, and Scotland in the mid-seventeenth century continues to fascinate historians. The sheer variety of names attached to these events reveals the diversity of interpretations and preoccupations that scholars have brought to them. ‘The English Civil War’, ‘the English Revolution’, and ‘the British Civil Wars’ are just three of the different labels found in the titles of the eight books under review. Between them, these books offer a valuable cross-section of current work on the period. They present a range of perspectives, principally on the 1640s and 1650s, and give a flavour of the experiences of very different individuals living through these extraordinary events. They also indicate the variety of approaches that historians are now adopting to the period, ranging from finely focused work on particular figures to the reconstruction of British (or un-English) dimensions, and the use of interdisciplinary methods. Rarely in this field can such a wide range of tools have been simultaneously applied to so many different areas or individuals or types of source material. Such varied approaches are essential for recovering the experiences and mindsets of those who lived through these events, and between them these books offer a vivid sense of the richness, diversity, and drama of the period.
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V.G., Mujumdar, Preeti B. Amarkhed, Arunkumar Huddar Tallur, Rumana Sultana, and Bapurao S. Kanti. "Respected Madam/Sir As per your prompt reply. Book publication related information is given below: 1. We are not taking any charges for publish your book. 2. If your manuscript is ready for publishing then we will take publish a book in 3-5 months including all process like designing, proof reading, and final approval ¬¬¬to your end. 3. Books should be minimum 200 pages word format and maximum is no limit. 4. We offer royalties 10% based on net sales received that are highly competitive with other academic publishers and will be paid on quarterly basis. 5. All prices will be decided by Red Flower Publication. 6. Our publication will print 100 copies at the first. However, according to authors consent letter, we will print more copies. 7. For single-authored book, we will give 5 copies to authors; whereas for multi-authors (edited book) book, 2 copies to main author or editor & 1 copy to each co-authors. 8. If authors want more copies, we will offer 50% discount for their request. This is offering for first edition only. Same process will offer for the next edition also. 9. You also check on our website: https://rfppl.co.in/upcomingbookinformation.php 10. We are dealing all our the world you can check here: https://rfppl.co.in/user_statics.php?mid=1 At the first, we require documents/records that is attached here. Please fill it and revert back to us. Without documents, we can't proceed. After receipt the documents, you can start writing the book from 1-2 months as peace of mind. If you are not able to write the book you alone from 350-400 pages as word format, you can add your co-author from your friends/dept. He/she can help you some chapters. It is an easy way. All documents should add your details & co-author name, sign, dept, designation, institute name, email, contact number, city & state. With regards, Nisha Singh." Pediatric Education and Research 6, no. 3 (2019): 155–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.21088/per.2321.1644.6318.4.

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