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Journal articles on the topic 'Writings of the Poor'
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1
Welch, Patrick. "JONATHAN SWIFT ON THE LIVES OF THE POOR NATIVE IRISH AS SEEN THROUGH “A MODEST PROPOSAL” AND OTHER OF HIS WRITINGS." Journal of the History of Economic Thought 35, no. 4 (November 13, 2013): 471–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1053837213000291.
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This article focuses on Jonathan Swift’s “A Modest Proposal” and other of his writings that were prompted by the unsustainable socio-economic and geo-political conditions under which the poor native Irish were living. The article begins with introductory comments and then moves to conditions in Ireland when Swift was writing that contributed to his strong concern for the native poor. Next is provided a summary of “A Modest Proposal” and consideration of what drove Swift to the extreme he reached in the essay. Following this, Swift’s writings are explored as indicators of his opinion of political arithmeticians, and conclusions close the paper.
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Douglas, Ian T. "Book Review: In the Parish of the Poor: Writings from Haiti." Missiology: An International Review 21, no. 1 (January 1993): 99–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/009182969302100135.
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Sokol, Mary. "The Collected Works of Jeremy Bentham: Writings on the Poor Laws." Journal of Legal History 33, no. 3 (December 2012): 337–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01440365.2012.730252.
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Snow, Heidi J. "William Wordsworth’s Definition of Poverty." Articles, no. 56 (March 8, 2011): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1001098ar.
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A close examination of Dorothy Wordsworth and William Wordsworth’s writing indicates that they considered themselves as living in poverty for some years before their case was settled with Lord Lowther. Both their material circumstances and contemporary definitions of poverty led them to identify themselves as “poor.” This article examines that self-identification and its evidence in their writings. Finally, William Wordsworth’s poem, “Last of the Flock,” indicates that he rejected a narrow parish view of poverty for a wider view that included the right to own some property.
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Green, David R. "Writing London's Poor." London Journal 25, no. 2 (November 2000): 119–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/ldn.2000.25.2.119.
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Sinclair-Chapman, Valeria, and Harry Targ. "Fusion Politics from the Poor People’s Campaign to the Rainbow Coalition to the New Poor People’s Campaign." Perspectives on Global Development and Technology 18, no. 1-2 (January 18, 2019): 24–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15691497-12341502.
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Abstract This article examines a model of fusion politics that connects activism to end poverty, and addresses a constellation of social injustices across more than a half century in the United States. We consider an articulation of fusion politics that highlights the actions of disparate groups and individuals, including youth, racial and ethnic minorities, women, LGBT activists, teachers, and union members who have joined in a cooperative effort to address independent but linked concerns such as quality public schools, livable wages, affordable healthcare, environmental justice, immigrant rights, women’s reproductive rights, fair elections, and criminal justice. Our analysis points out the historical links between the 1968 Poor People’s Campaign, the Rainbow Coalition of the 1980s, and the new Poor People’s Campaign launched in 2018. It draws heavily on the words and writings of Reverend Martin Luther King, Jr. and the Reverend William Barber, II in understanding the organizing, objectives, and transformative potential of these movements.
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McKenney, Cynthia B. "063 IMPLEMENTING WRITING ACROSS THE CURRICULUM IN HORTICULTURE COURSES." HortScience 29, no. 5 (May 1994): 436h—437. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.29.5.436h.
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Writing Across the Curriculum (WAC) programs are viewed as a plausible solution to poor student communication skills. These programs are further justified on the premise that writing fosters and reinforces learning in any discipline. WAC programs integrate easily into horticulture. Traditional writing opportunities frequently utilized in horticulture include essays, papers, presentation critiques, lab reports, field trip summaries, business proposals, and cropping schedules. New opportunities might include microthemes and target audience writings. WAC programs have their own share of pitfalls: increased grading time, reduced course content, ill-equipped faculty to teach language arts, and unrecognized objectives. Ultimately, the success or failure of a WAC program hinges on the commitment of faculty in the discipline who should have the best understanding of the language and style needed to communicate effectively in their field.
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Mahmud, Wahiduddin. "Socio-Economic Progress with Poor Governance: How are Amartya Sen’s Thoughts Relevant for Contemporary Bangladesh?" Indian Journal of Human Development 14, no. 3 (November 13, 2020): 359–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0973703020968475.
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The overriding concerns of Amartya Sen’s writings are about how to promote public action towards achieving an equitable and just society, which particularly addresses the needs of the underprivileged. While his ideas are of great relevance for all developing countries, this is more so for India and Bangladesh—the two countries that provide the socio-economic settings for much of his empirical works. Sen has praised the remarkable progress in many social development indicators that Bangladesh has achieved compared to India, despite having a much lower per capita income and suffering from the same, or even much worse, institutional and policy failures. In fact, the contradictions of Bangladesh lie in its impressive socio-economic progress achieved under extremely poor institutions of economic and political governance. By drawing upon Sen’s writings on issues ranging from human development and social inequalities to the concepts of freedom and “public reasoning”, this essay aims at understanding the factors underlying Bangladesh’s achievements and the challenges that lie ahead.
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Patricia Harriss, Sr. "Mary Ward in Her Own Writings." Recusant History 30, no. 2 (October 2010): 229–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0034193200012772.
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Mary Ward was born in 1585 near Ripon, eldest child of a recusant family. She spent her whole life until the age of 21 in the intimate circle of Yorkshire Catholics, with her parents, her Wright grandparents at Ploughland in Holderness, Mrs. Arthington, née Ingleby, at Harewell Hall in Nidderdale, and finally with the Babthorpes of Babthorpe and Osgodby. Convinced of her religious vocation, but of course unable to pursue it openly in England, she spent some time as a Poor Clare in Saint-Omer in the Spanish Netherlands, first in a Flemish community, then in the English house that she helped to found. She was happy there, but was shown by God that he was calling her to ‘some other thing’. Exactly what it was to be was not yet clear, so she returned to England, spent some time in London working for the Catholic cause, and discovering that there was much for women to do—then returned to Saint-Omer with a small group of friends, other young women in their 20s, to start a school, chiefly for English Catholic girls, and through prayer and penance to find out more clearly what God was asking. Not surprisingly, given her early religious formation in English Catholic households, served by Jesuit missionaries, and her desire to work for her own country, the guidance that came was ‘Take the same of the Society’. She spent the rest of her life trying to establish a congregation for women which would live by the Constitutions of St. Ignatius, be governed by a woman general superior, under the Pope, not under diocesan bishops or a male religious order, and would be unenclosed, free to be sent ‘among the Turks or any other infidels, even to those who live in the region called the Indies, or among any heretics whatsoever, or schismatics, or any of the faithful’. There were always members working in the underground Church in England, and in Mary Ward's own lifetime there were ten schools, in Flanders and Northern France, Italy, Germany and Austria-Hungary. But her long struggle for approbation met with failure—Rome after the Council of Trent, which had insisted on enclosure for all religious women, was not yet ready for Jesuitesses. In 1631 Urban VIII banned her Institute by a Bull of Suppression, imprisoning Mary Ward herself for a time in the Poor Clare convent on the Anger in Munich. She spent the rest of her life doing all she could to continue her work, but when she died in Heworth, outside York, in 1645 and was buried in Osbaldwick churchyard, only a handful of followers remained together, some with her in England, 23 in Rome, a few in Munich, all officially laywomen. It is owing to these women that Mary Ward's Institute has survived to this day.
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Syarifuddin, Syarifuddin. "DIMENSI HUMANISME DALAM KARYA SASTRA AL-MANFALÛTHÎ (SEBUAH KRITIK SASTRA HUMANIS ATAS KARYANYA “AL-NADHARA ̂T”)." Jurnal Adabiya 21, no. 1 (July 17, 2020): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.22373/adabiya.v21i1.6453.
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Musthafa Luthfi Al- Manfaluthi (1876-1924) is a famous Arabian poet from Egypt who has given a real contribution and influence for development of modern Arab prose specifically and Arab’s literature generally. The intellectual maturity and his writing has been a foundation of his emotional awareness toward humanity in his writing Al Nadharat, such as a commitment to preserve traditions and community’s values, commitment to perform a social reform and an advocation for people in need. His call to defend people under repressive authority and poor people is based on cultural treasure of Arab. This article aims to discuss the background of education, life, literature personality, social and writings of Al Manfaluthi and also the characteristic of his writing Al Nadharat from its language structure and thoughts and method of esthetical expression, and also to discover humanism dimension instituted in his writing, which came from Egypt society during that time.
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Mayer, Wendy. "POVERTY AND SOCIETY IN THE WORLD OF JOHN CHRYSOSTOM." Late Antique Archaeology 3, no. 1 (2006): 465–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22134522-90000052.
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Like those of Basil and the two Gregories, the writings of John Chrysostom provide useful data about poverty that is difficult to recover from the archaeological record. In this article, images of the poor and information about poverty in his writings are grouped into five categories: basic information, voluntary poverty (asceticism), the sight and sound of poverty in the urban setting, individual social response, and self-consciousness about poverty. In a sixth section, the status of the data and how they relate to the models put forward by Patlagean and Brown are considered.
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Balatchandirane, G. "Not without Blood, Sweat and Tears." China Report 54, no. 2 (April 19, 2018): 194–212. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0009445518761082.
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The critical role played by agriculture in the modernisation of Japan, well-highlighted in the literature, is held to be a model worthy of emulation by latecomers. What this meant for the poor or the tenant farmer is something that does not get much attention. This article looks at the writings of a poor owner-tenant farmer, Teisuke Shibuya, who maintained a diary in the years 1925–6 in which he had graphically recorded the conditions in agriculture and the kind of life the peasant led. We also utilise a book Shibuya published 60 years after he started maintaining the notes which led to the publication of the diary. Shibuya, who actively struggled to raise peasant consciousness, was articulate and extremely well read, and could hold his own in debate with urban intellectuals. His writings are valuable as they convey the actual life of the peasantry during Japan’s modernisation drive. In Shibuya’s jottings, the emotions and feelings of the peasant who was exploited by the authoritarian state and the landlord system come through, presenting us with a picture that is vastly different from the standard academic writings on the subject, thus cautioning us when we uncritically attempt to learn lessons from the Japanese modernisation experience.
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Bogdanova, Olga A. "The Emergence of ‘Estate Culture’ in 18th Century Russia in the Works of F.M. Dostoyevsky and Other Writers." Dostoevsky Journal 18, no. 1 (January 3, 2017): 19–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/23752122-01801002.
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Traditionally considered a specifically urban writer, F.M. Dostoevsky has actually devoted many pages of his works (Poor Folk, The Village of Stepanchikovo, Demons, The Raw Youth [Adolescent], Diary of a Writer) to the representation of a noble estate and to the understanding of its role in Russian history and culture. In his creative writing, the autobiographical experience of the writer, who spent his childhood at the Darovoye family estate near the town of Zaraisk in the province of Ryazan, has also been reflected. This paper explores the role of “estate culture” in the writings of Dostoevsky and other writers (A.S. Pushkin, L. Tolstoy, I. Bunin, A. Chekhov and I. Kireyevsky) and their representation of the nobility (dvorianstvo).
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Owen, Jessica. "PILOT STUDY." Journal of Forensic Document Examination 24 (December 31, 2014): 53–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.31974/jfde24-53-66.
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The use of computer software to assist in screening a database of anonymous writings for potential authorship links is investigated. Large databases of writings, such as the New Zealand Police Document Examination Section’s Anonymous Letter Database (ALD) can be unwieldy and time consuming to search manually. CEDAR- FOX is software which can perform a similar role with documents scanned into a computer using some manual processing. The results generated by CEDAR-FOX, the amount of user intervention required, and the time taken to process documents in CEDAR-FOX were examined. On the whole, CEDAR-FOX performed well as a filtering tool, highly ranking documents completed by a common author. However, a number of poor performance results were also obtained. Further research into the operating processes of CEDAR-FOX may explain these observations. It is concluded that CEDAR-FOX cannot yet replace the ALD, although it can operate as a complementary tool for identifying possible authors of handwriting from a large pool.
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Ciprian, Simuț. "The Church, the Pulpit, and the Poor. the Role of Preaching in Poor Relief Efforts in the Thinking of Samuel Mccomb (1864-1938)." European Journal of Social Sciences Education and Research 6, no. 2 (April 30, 2016): 225. http://dx.doi.org/10.26417/ejser.v6i2.p225-233.
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The problem of the poor has been a constant in the life of nations. There have always been poor people to whom society, governments, and the Church have been looking in various ways across the ages. One important aspect is the way the Church has behaved in relation to the poor, because it is the institution that preaches a certain kind of moral code, and a certain kind of human value. This paper focuses on the role of preaching and the role of the Church in poor relief efforts, as presented in the writings of Samuel McComb (1864-1938). The main argument in the thought of McComb is that the Church will always need to be involved in poor relief efforts, but not simply by helping the poor with material needs, but also by offering spiritual guidance. These efforts should be coupled with the preparing of the believers to be directly involved in poor relief, based on a moral code, which is presented and explained from the pulpit.
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Morris, Kevin L. "Kenelm Henry Digby and English Catholicism." Recusant History 20, no. 3 (May 1991): 361–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0034193200005471.
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Though Kenelm Henry Digby, a romantic convert, is a minor figure within the story of the development of nineteenth-century English Catholicism, his name is recalled in passing in many of the text books; and so, perhaps, some seventy years after Bernard Holland’s sketchy biography of him, there is room for a reassessment of his place within Victorian Catholicism, in which milieu his name was well-known, his books widely read, and his person much-loved. In W. G. Roe’s estimate, his writings ‘made a considerable contribution, if not to the thought, at least to the atmosphere of the Catholic revival.’ He was interesting as the first man to use the widespread fascination with the Middle Ages for the purpose of Catholic apologetic. When so distinguished a figure as Lord Acton noted his influence, and a contributor to the Dublin Review suggested in 1843 that Digby’s writings had helped to reduce anti-Catholic prejudice, it is of interest to reconstruct his views on, and his contribution to, English Catholicism. The task is difficult, for he was and remains an elusive figure, somewhat isolated, uncontroversial, obsessively restless and given to writing numerous volumes of poor prose and terrible meditative poetry, which, despite their autobiographical nature, are frustratingly unrevealing.
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Fitriani, Yesi, Mulyadi Mulyadi, and Fernandita Gusweni Jayanti. "AN ANALYSIS OF ENGLISH DEPARTMENT STUDENTS' ABILITY IN WRITING ARGUMENTATIVE ESSAY." JALL (Journal of Applied Linguistics and Literacy) 3, no. 2 (September 16, 2019): 96. http://dx.doi.org/10.25157/jall.v3i2.2541.
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The purpose of this research is to describe the English Department students' ability in writing an argumentative essay. The research is designed as a descriptive quantitative method. The population of the research is the fourth semester students of English Department at Universitas Bengkulu in academic year 2018/2019. This research used random sampling technique in deciding the sample. The samples were 26 students. The students were asked to write an argumentative essay within 100 minutes. The students writings were analyzed by using assessment rubrics adapted from Schwalm (2007) and Jacobs et.al (1981) which consists of introduction, body paragraph, conclusion, language use, and mechanics. The result shows that students ability in writing argumentative essay is fair. From the final scores it could be seen that there was one student (3.8%) got very good grade, then 11 students (42.3%) got good grade, the most of the students or 12 students (46.2%) got fair grade, the rest of them or 2 students (7.7%) got poor grade. Keywords: analysis, writing, argumentative essay
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Sîrbu, Ion D. "„Notebook VII”, excerpt from „the story of my poor life”. Inedit writings of Ion D. Sîrbu." Sæculum 47, no. 1 (July 1, 2019): 62–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/saec-2019-0006.
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Abstract„Ion D. Sirbu’s idea of memories dates back, according to his own testimony in 1979,when he decided that: „I will buy a tape recorder. I wish - because I have a special gift of oral storytelling, live speech of heart to heart confession – I wish [...] to „tell” (as in the park, pubs, cemetery) those memories that cannot be written because they were too lived!!”In 1980-81, Ion D. Sîrbu bought a tape recorder MAJAK 203 and recorded on two ORWO tapes, of 360 m, some of the memories (childhood, adolescence and the early months of his student life in Sibiu). On June 7th, 1989, „urged by the ghosts of my insomnia, I open a new notebook and start - for the first time - to write the story of my poor life. I will not be concerned at all to be precise, the memory began to leave me, nor do I care about my life as reality but as a story: thought, dreamed, told dozens of times and, especially, lived. „He wrote 75 pages, the latter probably before the end of the month, since, on 1st July, dictates to his wife a letter to David Prodan. The story line „breaks” the day he left for war.This fragment (ms., Pp. 23-28) and the three letters, all unique, we have included in the volume: Ion D. Sirbu Latest ..., soon printed”. (Toma Velici)
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Bredan, Amin. "Inheritance of poor writing habits." EMBO reports 14, no. 7 (June 4, 2013): 593–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/embor.2013.76.
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Pulec, Jack L. "Poor Grammar in Medical Writing." Ear, Nose & Throat Journal 73, no. 1 (January 1994): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/014556139407300101.
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TANKARD, DANAE. "‘I think myself honestly decked’: Attitudes to the Clothing of the Rural Poor in Seventeenth-Century England." Rural History 26, no. 1 (March 9, 2015): 17–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0956793314000211.
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Abstract:This article explores attitudes to the clothing of the rural poor in seventeenth-century England. It begins with an analysis of the representation of rural clothing in country themed ballads, showing how ‘homely’ country clothing was used to construct an image of a contented and industrious rural population. It then considers how such popular literary representations influenced the way that diarists Samuel Pepys and John Evelyn recorded their encounters with the rural poor. The final part of the article looks at attitudes of the rural poor to their own clothing, drawing on evidence from a range of documentary sources as well as the autobiographical writings of Edward Barlow. In contrast to the stereotypical depiction of the rural poor recorded by ballad writers and elite observers, the article will show that for the actual poor clothing could serve both as an expression of the ‘self’ and as a potent marker of social differences and moral and material inferiority.
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Wygralak, Paweł. "Postawa ubogiego wobec ofiarodawcy i jego daru w nauczaniu starożytnego Kościoła (I-III wiek)." Vox Patrum 57 (June 15, 2012): 763–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.31743/vp.4172.
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The article deals with the problem of the responsibility of a poor person for the received gift. Analysis of selected writings of Christian antiquity reveals that every poor person who asks the rich for assistance is responsible to God for the received gift. All those who appeal to the benevolence of the rich and extort their help will answer at God’s judgment. In turn a poor person who is in real need is God’s altar. The alms given to the poor are a sacrifice that the rich offer on the altar of God himself. This confers a supernatural dimension upon alms. Moreover, between the benefactor and the recipient the relation of a reciprocal exchange of goods is established. The poor person who is supported with material goods by a rich person reciprocates with spiritual gifts: intercessory prayer and gratitude that continue even after the benefactor’s death. Thus, the rich person who receives the spiritual gifts benefits more than the poor person because in return for perishable material goods he is given eternal life.
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Gvaryahu, Amit. "Usury and Poverty: A Case Study of the Post-Rabbinic Moment in Midrash and Piyyut." Harvard Theological Review 114, no. 1 (January 2021): 72–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0017816021000067.
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AbstractThe Hebrew Bible prohibits lending at interest. This is usually linked to care for the poor. A similar connection is found in post-biblical literature as well. In Deut 23:20–21, however, usury is disconnected from the poverty laws. Classical rabbinic literature (second to sixth centuries) follows Deuteronomy in sharply de-coupling usury from poverty: the usury prohibition in that corpus regulates commerce and property, and is not intended to benefit the poor. In a sharp break with classical rabbinic tradition, the usury prohibition is reassociated with the poor in piyyut and in the Tanhuma midrashim, two late antique genres of Jewish literature associated but not entirely contiguous with classical rabbinic literature. Both genres bring this tradition to the fore through the use of earlier rabbinic materials, which do not espouse it. This combination of usury and care for the poor mirrors fourth-century Christian writings on usury.
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Royle, E. "The Collected Works of Jeremy Bentham: Rights, Representation, and Reform: Writings on the Poor Laws, Volume I." English Historical Review 119, no. 481 (April 1, 2004): 535–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ehr/119.481.535.
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Segar, Ali Mohammed. "The Theme of Loneliness and Isolation in Sherwood Anderson's Fiction." Al-Adab Journal, no. 112 (June 15, 2015): 1–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.31973/aj.v0i112.1542.
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The aim of this research is to study the American writer Sherwood Anderson( 1876-1941 ) and his contribution in the American fiction in one of its most remarkable phases : that period of change and literary experimentalism that occurred after the First World War. In this period a new passion and consciousness comes into American writing .It is also thought of as a classic era of materialism, and business - ethics which the writers regularly condemned and expatriated themselves from it. The sense of loneliness and isolation is apparently depicted in Anderson's writings as a clear reflection of the general sense of American society at that time with the spread of commercial and industrial tendencies. The research tries to shed light on this theme in Anderson's major selection of short stories Winesburg, Ohio(1919) as well as in other works like The Triumph of the Egg (1921) and his novel Poor White(1920)
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Ashplant, T. G. "Writing the Lives of the Poor." European Journal of Life Writing 3 (March 14, 2014): R1—R6. http://dx.doi.org/10.5463/ejlw.3.96.
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The conference 'Writing the Lives of the Poor' arose out of a joint Anglo-German research project, “Pauper Letters and Petitions for Poor Relief in Germany and Great Britain,1770–1914”, funded by the UK’s Arts & Humanities Research Council,and directed by Prof. Steven King (University of Leicester) and Prof.Dr. Andreas Gestrich (Director, German Historical Institute London. These narratives comprise letters and petitions written by paupers seeking some form of relief. In describing the circumstances which led them to appeal for help, the authors construct autobiographical vignettes. The project aims to construct an online, edited corpus of such texts, which survive in considerable numbers in British and German archives.
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Graham, Sandra Lauderdale. "Writing from the Margins: Brazilian Slaves and Written Culture." Comparative Studies in Society and History 49, no. 3 (June 29, 2007): 611–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0010417507000643.
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This small but extraordinary document casts light on the ways in which slaves and former slaves in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries who, though illiterate or barely literate themselves, nevertheless used writing to press for what they wanted or thought they had a claim to. Poor Brazilians generally could not read or write, nor could many who were far better off, but slaves and former slaves are the subject here because written culture impinged on them in particular ways. In many of their writings freedom is a repeated theme—getting it and using it—but not the only one. Occasionally, a slave appealed through the courts to be removed from an abusive master's authority. Former slaves who accumulated property of their own might pass it on to heirs named in a will. Petty commerce and personal business involving money and receipts drew unlettered slaves and freed people into countless informal written transactions.
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Sano, Takamasa, Akira Uno, and Itaru Tatsumi. "Examination of Phonological Ability in Poor Reading/Writing Children and Poor Vocabulary Children." Japan Journal of Logopedics and Phoniatrics 58, no. 1 (2017): 15–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.5112/jjlp.58.15.
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Byron, John. "Living in the Shadow of Cain Echoes of a Developing Tradition in James 5:1-6." Novum Testamentum 48, no. 3 (2006): 261–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156853606777836372.
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AbstractBehind the statements in James 5:1-6 is an echo of the Cain and Abel story. While it has been recognized that Abel served as an archetype for righteousness and unjust suffering, it is sometimes overlooked that Cain fulfilled a similar role. Beginning with the writings of Josephus and Philo and continuing through to the Midrashim, Cain was portrayed as an archetype for those who oppress the poor and the righteous for self-gain. Just as James accuses the wealthy of using dishonest means to retain the wages of the poor, so also Cain was accused of increasing his property and possessions through robbery and force. The enigmatic statements in 5:6 represent an indictment against the wealthy and declaring that they are guilty of the sin of Cain.
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Sharma, Dr Shreeja, and Prof Shubhra Tripathi. "Unshackling the tribal women in Indian English Literature: dreams and visions." SMART MOVES JOURNAL IJELLH 5, no. 7 (July 30, 2017): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.24113/ijellh.v5i7.2136.
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The marginalised tribal women comprise the weakest section of the Indian society. It is a sad reality that their identity remains weak, unvoiced and largely unexplored. Invigorating them would enhance the collective national capability as it will carry justice, equity and development to the most vulnerable segment of the nation, thereby reinforcing and the frailest of its stalk. The portrayal of tribal women in literature can go a long way in spreading awareness about the cause, not only on the national, but also on an international scale. Writing on these marginalised, poor, and socially excluded women can in the long run, change the perception of the society and bring to attention the neglected lot, integrating them rightfully with society. Prominent writers including Mahasweta Devi, Kamala Markandaya and Gita Mehta among others have made important contributions in this area. While the tribal narratives voice the concerns of the tribals, there still remains lot of room for exploring and expressing the concerns of these women for a feminist rendition . This paper examines the potential of writings on the female tribal protagonist.
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Herbert, Katherine E. D., Angela Massey-Garrison, and Esther Geva. "A Developmental Examination of Narrative Writing in EL and EL1 School Children Who Are Typical Readers, Poor Decoders, or Poor Comprehenders." Journal of Learning Disabilities 53, no. 1 (October 14, 2019): 36–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022219419881625.
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This longitudinal study examined story-writing development of students from Grade 4 to Grade 6, comparing the developmental trajectories of English as a first language (EL1s; n = 43) and English learners (ELs; n = 108) in general, and in groups of EL1s and ELs with typically developing and poor reader profiles. In relation to their EL1 or EL reference group, students were classified in Grade 4 as typical readers ( n = 72), poor decoders ( n = 53), or poor comprehenders ( n = 26), with EL1s and ELs proportionally represented in each group. The effects of language, grade level, and reading group on story-writing measures were examined. Both EL1s and ELs developed story-writing skills in a similar manner, showing significant growth between Grades 4 and 6. Typically developing ELs attained age-appropriate story-writing levels. Poor decoders and poor comprehenders showed similar profiles of strengths and weaknesses, regardless of whether English was their first or second language. Both poor reader groups had significant difficulties in story-writing, struggling with the mechanics of writing, sentence structure, and story organization. Findings are discussed in terms of the interconnected relationship between reading and writing profiles, and the importance of a comprehensive understanding of sources of learning difficulties in ELs and EL1s.
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Kampa, Raj Kishor, Dhirendra Kumar Padhan, and Faeem Ahmad. "Perceptions of students and researchers of food technology towards plagiarism." DESIDOC Journal of Library & Information Technology 40, no. 06 (December 3, 2020): 369–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.14429/djlit.40.06.16036.
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The pandemic of plagiarism, which is wide-spread all over the world, is incredibly common among the generation of students of secondary, higher secondary and university education.The present study investigates the level of awareness of plagiarism among food technology students in India and to understand their perceptions towards academic dishonesty and reasons behind indulgence in plagiarism. A structured questionnaire was administered to the students and researchers of the National Institute of Food Technology Entrepreneurship and Management (NIFTEM) in India. The findings of the study reveals that 18 per cent, 57.8 per cent and 11.8 per cent of the students are extremely aware, moderately aware and somewhat aware that what constitutes plagiarism and what does not. Most of the respondents believe copying from a publication/book without crediting the source/author is plagiarism (Mean=4.318, SD=1.0041) and plagiarism as stealing (Mean=4.024, SD=.9126). It is also found that busy schedule (Mean=3.67), easy accessibility of electronic resources (Mean=3.69), unwareness of plagiarism instructions (Mean=3.6), poor knowledge of research writing (Mean=3.95) and lack of penalty (Mean=3.4) are the perceived reasons of indulging in plagiarism by the students and research scholars, hence, conducting orientation programmes and workshops on academic integrity, scholarly writings and referencing styles could be helpful in discouraging plagiarism in academic writing among students.
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Horwitz, Howard. "Pudding Economics: Franklin’s “The Way to Wealth” and the Transactional Self." American Literary History 31, no. 4 (2019): 596–618. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/alh/ajz038.
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Abstract Benjamin Franklin’s preface to the 1758 edition of Poor Richard’s Almanack, usually titled “The Way to Wealth,” is generally regarded as a sermon on frugality. The very form of the 1758 Preface, with Richard Saunders’s voice framing Father Abraham’s “Harangue,” ironizes Father Abraham’s doctrine of frugality. The effect of this literary performance is to illustrate or even stimulate desire for social interaction that is not frugal in any strict sense, but rather manifests an impulse to expand intercourse. The 1758 preface and Franklin’s extensive writings on economics present an expansive vision of capital formation. Commerce must grow incessantly, not for the accumulation of capital per se but for the prospect of endless growth, to spur and sustain what Adam Smith called “the progressive state.” Franklin’s economic writings delineate the constitution of the subject populating progressive society. Identity and ultimately the character of society are fabricated through ongoing, visible, and expanding transactions. Expansive or progressive identity is not illusory, but constitutive. Self and society must be creditable. This conceptualization was central to economic policy-making in the new nation; it straddles neoliberal critiques of subjectification in late capitalism.
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Peerzade, Syed Afzal. "The Definition and Measurement of Poverty: An Integrated Islamic Approach." Pakistan Development Review 36, no. 1 (March 1, 1997): 87–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.30541/v36i1pp.87-97.
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In this paper an attempt is made to learn as to how the Islamic shariah defines and measures the phenomenon of poverty. A systematic study of the Qur’an, the traditions of Holy Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him), the conduct of righteous caliphs, and the writings of early Muslim jurists would make it clear that the poor, indigent, and destitute are given adequate importance. The early Islamic state, where necessary, made serious efforts to assist and rehabilitate the poor and the needy. One of the means of assistance and rehabilitation was zakat. The disbursement of zakat funds required that the poor should be unambiguously and convincingly separated from the non-poor. How was it done in the past? Traditions of the Prophet (the sunnah) throw sufficient light on this issue. When we carefully go through the traditions, it would be clear that the explanation of poverty as given by the Prophet is dynamic. It defies time and space limitations. A deeper probe of the traditions would reveal that, for all practical purposes, the Prophet has stressed on an integrated approach. His explanation is far more comprehensive, integrated, and meaningful than the one expressed today in terms of daily intake of certain minimum calories. Present-day Muslim countries should redefine their approach towards the definition and measurement of poverty to reflect the essence of Islamic shariah.
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Fleming, Catherine. "The Agency of the Mob in Joseph Andrews and A True State of the Case of Bosavern Penlez." Eighteenth-Century Life 44, no. 1 (January 1, 2020): 49–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00982601-7993644.
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In his novels and pamphlets, Henry Fielding promotes a hierarchical structure that suppresses the common people. But his writings, especially his novel Joseph Andrews, his pamphlets, the 1749 A True State of the Case of Bosavern Penlez and the 1751 Enquiry into the Causes of the Late Increase of Robbers, and his newspaper, the Covent Garden Journal, also display a certainty that the poor possessed both power and agency. He encouraged all citizens to take part in legal actions from policing to prosecuting. This essay argues that while he condemns citizens who attempt to change the law, he also calls on them to take a greater part in enforcing them.
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Meehl, Paul E. "Philosophy of Science: Help or Hindrance?" Psychological Reports 72, no. 3 (June 1993): 707–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1993.72.3.707.
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Scientists routinely employ metatheoretic principles, explicit discussion of which typically occurs in times of intense controversy, theoretical crisis, scientific revolution, and entry into a new domain. The writings of philosophers, including their disagreements, are often helpful in such circumstances. Whether knowledge of formal metatheory helps us in doing “normal science” is researchable. Much scientific thinking is of poor quality, and it could be improved by explicit metatheoretical education. Clinical practice and training programs should emphasize rational skepticism, respect for evidence, objectivity, and quantitative thinking. Because the relation between principles and success is probabilistic, metatheoretical research should implement the case study method by formal actuarial procedures.
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Dane, Leila F. "Politics in Wired Nations: Selected Writings of Ithiel de Sola Pool." Journal of Nervous & Mental Disease 187, no. 11 (November 1999): 699–700. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00005053-199911000-00010.
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Comor, Edward. "Politics in Wired Nations: Selected Writings of Ithiel De Sola Pool." Journal of Economic Issues 33, no. 4 (December 1999): 1055–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00213624.1999.11506239.
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Kundi, Dr Minu. "Maya Angelou’s Growing Up Poor, Black and Female." SMART MOVES JOURNAL IJELLH 8, no. 6 (June 29, 2020): 50–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.24113/ijellh.v8i6.10630.
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African American literature is the literature of pain and survival, of triumphs and defeats, of fears and dreams, and of struggle for freedom, equality and identity, produced by the oppressed ones. Black women have used life writing to discover or assert their identity. As they record their experiences they see the critical paths established by the oppressive forces of racism, classicism and sexism. In exploring what it means to be poor, black and female, they present mirror images of ‘self’ and the ‘other’ to the world. Within the marginalized blacks in America, women are at triple disadvantage. Being poor, black and female makes them most vulnerable and easy target for the male dominated community. Maya Angelou’s life writing I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings (1969) tells the story about a black female’s hard life growing up in the American South during the 1930s and 40s. In it Angelou recounts the events of her life in chronological order amidst the racist and sexist American society. She portrays most of her difficult life events from the age of three to sixteen in her life writing showing her hard upbringing, poverty, racism and sexual abuse.
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Jahan, Sharmin, and Meerjady Sabrina Flora. "The view of recent medical graduates on ethical consideration of prescription writings in Bangladesh." Bangladesh Journal of Medical Education 12, no. 1 (March 7, 2021): 16–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjme.v12i1.52305.
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Prescription writing reflects the competency as well as the quality of medical education of the physician. This study was done to evaluate opinion of recent medical graduates towards ethical aspects of prescription writing. This descriptive study was conducted on recent medical graduates of 7 medical colleges in Bangladesh from January’18-June’19. Data were collected by a pretested self administered semi-structured questionnaire. Only descriptive statistics were computed by collected data. The study included 308 recent medical graduates having average age at commencement of internship was 24.2 years with male predominant (53.2%). Majority of the respondents thought that prescription should be written in block letter or be printed (70.1%) and there was possibility for selling wrong medicine due to bad handwriting (77.6%). Majority of the recent medical graduates thought that generic names were not difficult to remember (82.8%), there was every possibility of selling poor quality drugs of the same generic names by the pharmacists (87.7%) and physicians should not use generic name in prescriptions (56.5%). Furthermore, most of them (92%) felt a need for a mandatory educational qualification for the pharmacists. Most participants opined that pharmacists should have a minimum educational qualification to prevent the errors in dispensing. The findings of this study might be helpful to reinforcement the law to avoid the errors related to medical professionalism and ethical aspects of prescription writing in the medical education.
Bangladesh Journal of Medical Education Vol.12(1) 2021: 16-21
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James, Henry, Khalid A. J. Al Khaja, Yasin I. Tayem, Sindhan Veeramuthu, and Reginald P. Sequeira. "Understanding Preclerkship Medical Students’ Poor Performance in Prescription Writing." Sultan Qaboos University Medical Journal 16, no. 2 (May 15, 2016): e203-209. http://dx.doi.org/10.18295/squmj.2016.16.02.011.
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Martin, Frances H., and Stephen C. Provost. "Teaching Students to Discriminate between Good and Poor Writing." Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 141 (August 2014): 205–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2014.05.036.
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Deveaux, Monique. "The Global Poor as Agents of Justice." Journal of Moral Philosophy 12, no. 2 (March 21, 2015): 125–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/17455243-4681029.
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“Agent-centered” approaches to global poverty insist that effective arguments for poverty reduction must specify the concrete duties of particular duty-bearers. This article takes up a recent, influential, version of this view, Thomas Pogge’s human rights-based argument for global economic reforms to reduce chronic deprivation. While signaling a welcome shift from the diffuse allocation of responsibilities common to much philosophical writing on poverty, I argue that Pogge’s approach too readily assigns to powerful institutions in the global North the role of devising and directing anti-poverty initiatives. In so doing, he overlooks the agency—actual and potential—of the poor themselves, as evidenced by poor-led political movements and poor-centered, participatory models of poverty reduction in development theory and practice. While agent-oriented approaches are right to focus our attention on structures that cause poverty, they ought not to assume that the powerful agents responsible for these are the only—or most appropriate—agents to lead the way to poverty reduction. Just as development organizations working in the global South have come to recognize that the participation of poor communities is critical to the success of development strategies, so should normative theorists writing about global injustice acknowledge the importance of the poor as active agents in poverty reduction efforts.
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Niimura, Satoshi. "Adam Smith: egalitarian or anti-egalitarian?" International Journal of Social Economics 43, no. 9 (September 12, 2016): 888–903. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijse-06-2015-0177.
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Purpose There has been controversy about whether Adam Smith is an economic egalitarian because he expresses at least four distinct views on equality, in two of which, he approves of inequality, and in the other two, he claims otherwise. The purpose of this paper is to isolate and consider these four views carefully to understand Smith’s complete position on equality. Design/methodology/approach The paper examines Smith’s apparently contradictory views on equality as his evolving response to Hume and Rousseau’s critiques of inequality. Findings Hume and Rousseau criticize any income inequality that is disproportionate to industry between the rich and poor. Smith’s response to their critiques evolves over time. In his initial response in early writings, he defends inequality in a civilized society by comparing it with a poor primitive society. However, in his later response in The Wealth of Nations, he eventually accepts Hume and Rousseau’s critiques of inequality. According to Smith, an equal and opulent society will evolve. A primitive society is equal but poor. In contrast, an existing civilized society is opulent but unequal. In each society, equality and opulence are incompatible. However, Smith believes that a future civilized society will fully achieve both equality and opulence. Originality/value The paper analyses both historically and theoretically the comprehensive structure of Smith’s egalitarian views.
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Deutscher, Penelope. "When Feminism Is “High” and Ignorance Is “Low”: Harriet Taylor Mill on the Progress of the Species." Hypatia 21, no. 3 (2006): 136–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1527-2001.2006.tb01117.x.
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This essay considers the important role attributed to education in the writings of nineteenth-century feminist Harriet Taylor Mill. Taylor Mill connected ignorance to inequality between the sexes. She called up the specter of regression into lowness and ignorance when she associated feminism with progress. As she stressed the importance of education, she constructed an‘other’ to feminism, variously associated with lowness, poverty, and the primitive. She made a case for the advantages of civilization (education, enfranchisement, equality) to be opened up to women. Yet Taylor Mill's position that the ignorant poor, like all humans, should be in a position of so-called “perfect equality” drifted intermittently into the view that the elevation of women to perfect equality would refine and elevate the lower classes.
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Bisschop, Elaine, Celia Morales, Verónica Gil, and Elizabeth Jiménez-Suárez. "Fluency and Accuracy in Alphabet Writing by Keyboarding: A Cross-Sectional Study in Spanish-Speaking Children With and Without Learning Disabilities." Journal of Learning Disabilities 50, no. 5 (April 11, 2016): 534–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022219416633865.
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The aim of this study was to analyze whether children with and without difficulties in handwriting, spelling, or both differed in alphabet writing when using a keyboard. The total sample consisted of 1,333 children from Grades 1 through 3. Scores on the spelling and handwriting factors from the Early Grade Writing Assessment (Jiménez, in press) were used to assign the participants to one of four groups with different ability patterns: poor handwriters, poor spellers, a mixed group, and typically achieving students. Groups were equalized by a matching strategy, resulting in a final sample of 352 children. A MANOVA was executed to analyze effects of group and grade on orthographic motor integration (fluency of alphabet writing) and the number of omissions when writing the alphabet (accuracy of alphabet writing) by keyboard writing mode. The results indicated that poor handwriters did not differ from typically achieving children in both variables, whereas the poor spellers did perform below the typical achievers and the poor handwriters. The difficulties of poor handwriters seem to be alleviated by the use of the keyboard; however, children with spelling difficulties might need extra instruction to become fluent keyboard writers.
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Hananti, Vasika, and Bambang Subandrijo. "Miskin dan Kaya Dalam Injil Lukas dan Teologi Pembebasan." Mitra Sriwijaya: Jurnal Teologi dan Pendidikan Kristen 2, no. 1 (August 17, 2021): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.46974/ms.v2i1.26.
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Abstract: Harvey J. Sindima observed Liberation Theology as it flourished in Latin America, Africa, Asia, and the United States. The social situation in that society has some similarities in Luke's community. According to Philip Francis Esler's research, Luke's theology seeks to answer the social situation in Luke's community, especially regarding the relationship between the rich and the poor. This study aims to review Sindima's review of Liberation Theology based on Philip Francis Esler's thoughts on the relationship between rich and poor in Luke's Gospel. In Sindima's writings, the involvement of the rich has not been found as an effort to minimize the suffering of the poor. In this study, the author uses an analytical method. The result is that the good news for the poor in Liberation Theology is in line with the good news in Luke's Gospel. Moreover, in Luke's Gospel the liberation of the poor is not only the responsibility of the poor themselves as in the Theology of Liberation in Sindima's description, but also the responsibility of the rich as part of a sharing community. Abstrak: Harvey J. Sindima mengamati Teologi Pembebasan yang berkembang di Amerika Latin, Afrika, Asia, dan Amerika Serikat. Situasi sosial dalam masyarakat tersebut memiliki beberapa kesamaan dalam komunitas Lukas. Menurut penelitian Philip Francis Esler, teologi Lukas berupaya menjawab situasi sosial dalam komunitas Lukas, terutama menyangkut hubungan orang kaya dan orang miskin. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meninjau uraian Sindima tentang Teologi Pembebasan berdasarkan pemikiran Philip Francis Esler berkenaan dengan hubungan orang miskin dan kaya dalam Injil Lukas. Dalam tulisan Sindima masih belum ditemukan keterlibatan orang kaya sebagai upaya meminimalisir penderitaan orang miskin. Dalam penelitian ini, penulis menggunakan metode analitis. Hasil tinjauan ini adalah bahwa kabar baik bagi orang miskin dalam Teologi Pembebasan sejalan dengan pemberitaan kabar baik dalam Injil Lukas. Lebih dari itu, dalam Injil Lukas pembebasan terhadap orang miskin bukan hanya menjadi tanggung jawab orang miskin itu sendiri sebagaimana dalam Teologi Pembebasan dalam uraian Sindima, tetapi juga merupakan tanggung jawab orang kaya sebagai bagian dari komunitas yang saling berbagi.
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Conniff, James. "Burke on Political Economy: The Nature and Extent of State Authority." Review of Politics 49, no. 4 (1987): 490–514. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0034670500035439.
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The interpretation of Edmund Burke as a laissez-faire economist has a long pedigree but is inaccurate. Rather, Burke is best seen as a moderate Whig who believed that governmental social and economic policy should be based on pragmatic and prudential considerations. However, utilitarian rule-making makes most sense when the rules can be formulated in terms of realizing some more abstract goal. This goal Burke obtained from his reading of the Scotch moral sense writers, who convinced him that man has an innate moral nature which can be improved through association with other men in society. Consideration of Burke's writings on a variety of specific economic and social issues, ranging from poor relief and economic reform to the slave trade, confirms this instrumental interpretation of Burke's economic thought.
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Mossop, Brian. "The Missing Style Problem and the Translation of French Erotica into English." Meta 62, no. 2 (September 11, 2017): 333–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1041027ar.
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In most synonym sets, there is a neutral item that does not belong to any particular style (poor is neutral whereas impecunious and broke are not). In writings about sex, French has a neutral style but English does not. The English translations of two French autobiographies detailing the authors’ sex lives are presented and some of the translators’ strategies are discussed. These two cases are seen against the general background of style options available to translators. A translator’s approach to style can be theorized by comparison to the source text (use an equivalent style, use a different existing style, create a new style, use a default ‘translating style’) or by considering how the translator ‘voices’ the translation (use the voice of the source writer, the imagined future readers, the translator, or some other voice).
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Nkosi, Mfundo, Kapil Gupta, and Madindwa Mashinini. "Causes and Impact of Human Error in Maintenance of Mechanical Systems." MATEC Web of Conferences 312 (2020): 05001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/202031205001.
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The concept of minimizing human error in maintenance is progressively gaining attention in various industries. The incorporation of human factors when solving engineering problems, particularly in maintenance, can no longer be ignored where high standards of performance are expected. The journey of improving maintenance performance through the reduction of human error begins with the understanding of causes and impact of human error in maintenance. This paper evaluates previous scholarly writings on human errors, to specifically establish the causes and impact of human error in maintenance. This study relies predominantly on the existing literature on human error in maintenance derived from published and unpublished research. The primary findings emerging from the research exhibit a number of key factors that cause a human error in maintenance such as poor management and supervision, organizational culture, incompetence, poorly written procedures, poor communication, time pressure, plant and environmental conditions, poor work design and many more. The literature review also revealed that human errors have a negative impact on safety, reliability, productivity and efficiency of the equipment. It was further discovered that equipment failures leading to accidents, incidents, loss of life and economic losses are the major effects of human error. Human error in mechanical systems’ maintenance is a serious problem which needs adequate attention in order to develop corrective and preventive measures. This review paper serves as a basis for maintenance practitioners and interested parties to develop corrective and preventive measures for minimizing human error in the maintenance of mechanical systems.