Academic literature on the topic 'Wu zi qi'

We performed this study to determine the effect of Si-Wu-Tang, a basic prescription of traditional Oriental medicine as a blood-building decoction (Chinese medical concept: Bu-Xie), Si-Jun-Zi-Tang, a basic prescription as an energy tonic (Chinese medical concept: Bu-Qi) and its major ingredients on jejunal crypt survival, endogenous spleen colony formation, and apoptosis in jejunal crypt cells of mice irradiated with high and low dose of γ-irradiation. Si-Wu-Tang administration before irradiation protected the jejunal crypts (p < 0.0005), increased the formation of endogenous spleen colonies (p < 0.05) and reduced the frequency of radiation-induced apoptosis (p < 0.05). In an experiment on the effect of ingredients of Si-Wu-Tang, the result indicated that extract of Danggui and Baishaoyao might have a major radioprotective effect. The radioprotective effect of Si-Jun-Zi-Tang and its ingredients were not as significant as that of Si-Wu-Tang. Although the mechanisms of this inhibitory effect remain to be elucidated, these results indicate that Si-Wu-Tang might be a useful radioprotector, especially since it is a relatively nontoxic natural product. Further studies are needed to characterize better the protective nature of Si-Wu-Tang extract and its ingredients.

Schisandra berry or Wu-Wei-Zi, meaning the "the fruit of five tastes" in Chinese, is a commonly used herb in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). Based on the "Five-Element" theory in TCM, while the "five tastes" of Schisandra berry refer to its influence on the five visceral organs in the body, ancient Chinese herbalists specifically trumpeted the berry's beneficial effect on the "Qi" of the five visceral organs. "Qi" is a Chinese term used as a broad description of energy-dependent body functions. Over the past ten years, our laboratory has attempted to define the biochemical properties of Schisandra berry in regard to its purported "Qi-invigorating" properties. We have found, for the first time, an ability of Schisandra berry to fortify mitochondrial antioxidant status, thereby offering the body a generalized protection against noxious challenges both of internal and external origin. Given the indispensable role of the mitochondrion in generating cellular energy, the linking of Schisandra berry to the safeguarding of mitochondrial function provides a biochemical explanation for its "Qi-invigorating" action.

碩士<br>華梵大學<br>哲學系碩士班<br>107<br>Current scholars studying Zhuang Zhou mainly interpret and explain it from the perspectives of aesthetics and philosophical practice, and seldom explain it in detail from an emotional perspective. As a matter of fact, there are actually many aspects involved in the Zhuang Zhou study for discovery and reflection. Therefore, this study interpreted the passage of Nan-Guo Zi-Qi in the front section of The Adjustment of Controversies of Zhuang Zhou from an emotional perspective to further explain and apply anger. Therefore, this study intended to investigate the possibilities of Zhang Zhou study and explanations of emotions. In addition, the research topic was the discourses of Nan-Guo Zi-Qi. Firstly, this study investigated the mentality of Nan-Guo Zi-Qi to understand how he used the philosophical practice of “seated and leaning forward on the stool” to reach the realm of self-composure of “having lost all consciousness of any companion” and thus let go of emotions and anger. Secondly, this study probed into how the posture of Nan-Guo Zi-Qi was presented in his appearance from the repression of external emotions of “the body be made to become thus like a withered tree” to the interpretation of inner sublimation of “the mind to become like slaked lime” to eventually reach the realm of “losing myself.” At the moment when Nan-Guo Zi-Qi lost himself, he forgot himself and gave up obsession, as well as let go of emotions and anger. Various emotional responses are discussed in this passage. Nan-Guo Zi-Qi took wind for example to express hidden emotions and emotional outbreaks. Afterwards, he took mountain forest and apertures and cavities for example to describe different images and different sounds of blowing wind to reflect emotional differences. He also used wind as a metaphor of emotional uncertainties. He suggested that people’s emotions vary with environments. He used the description, “When the fierce gusts have passed away, all the apertures are empty and still,” to describe the sense of emptiness left in mind and the aspects affected after emotions pass away. Moreover, he used the notes of Earth and those of Man to describe various emotions caused externally and different processing and resolving methods. Lastly, the notes of Heaven were used as the summary of his emotional perspective, “sealing their self-selecting - who is it that stirs it all up?,” namely, all the emotions are self-inflicted. Who can irritate a man with a mentality of self-composure? Therefore, this study investigated emotional perspectives, as well as anger processing and resolving methods, from the viewpoint of Zhuang Zhou. Such interpretations were seldom made in past studies. Besides, this study also used other sciences, such as psychology, emotional management, and some of Zen, in the discourses as the empirical data to make the explanations more convincing and reliable, as well as provide a new application direction for Zhuang Zhou study.

博士<br>國立清華大學<br>中國文學系<br>101<br>Abstract This thesis focuses on the interpretation issues of the Inner Chapters of “Zhuang-Zi”. Due to the format of language and the content are inseparable, therefore to analyze the linguistic patterns would help to better understand the thinking logic of the content. In this thesis I would base on the methods of linguistic analysis and cognitive linguistic to discuss the interpretation issues. This thesis mainly covers two parts: The first part is due to the interpretations of the discourse of The Dream of Butterfly（莊周夢蝶） of "Zhuang-Zi" have countless interpretations in the past, therefore in this thesis I try to analyze and categorize the past interpretations into two different factions. They can all be referred back to Guo-Xiang’s（郭象） interpretation version for their interpretation basis. One faction leans toward the analogy of dream/awake and death/life, while the other faction tries to interpret it as the realization of finding the “True Subject”. In this thesis I use the Blending Theory to interpret the fables of 'Qi-Wu Theory', and a Blending figure to represent the thinking logic of interpretation of the discourse of The Dream of Butterfly of "Zhuang-Zi". Furthermore I analyze the meanings of chapters from Inner Chapters, to prove that the Inner Chapters is both comprehensive and coherent. The second part is to analyze the language evidence of Inner Chapters and Outer Chapters. From this I understand that there’re differences in linguistic characteristics and thinking logic between the two Chapters. The style of Inner Chapters is free and flexible, while the style of Outer Chapters is sophisticated and exquisite. In this thesis I base on the result of linguistic analysis to answer the questions of finding the differences of Inner Chapters, Outer Chapters and Mix Chapters. Moreover I’m able to indicate that in order to interpret the meaning of “Zhuang-Zi”, one must understand the differences of Inner Chapters and Outer Chapters. Should one mix the passages and interpretations of the two Chapters, one will get a confusing and even contradict result. Lastly, in the final chapter I use the data of Inner Chapters of "Zhuang-Zi" as examples, compare them with "Confucius Analects"（論語） and "Mencius"（孟子）. From this I postulate that certain parts of Inner Chapters use certain Metaphor Theory, in results to try to resemble the writing strategy of Pre-Qin Confucians. And through the use of the selection of the target domain in Metaphor Theory can avoid a square and single-minded value system. The thinking logic behind it should be the same as the characteristics such as free and flexible from Inner Chapters. Hence it once proves the comprehensiveness of Inner Chapters of "Zhuang-Zi".