Relevant bibliographies by topics / WWTP Ave

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Book chapters
  4. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'WWTP Ave'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 8 September 2021
Last updated: 29 July 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "WWTP Ave"

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Constantine, T. A., D. Chauvin, J. Helka, B. Hook, and G. V. Crawford. "Process Evaluation and Selection for the 500 MLD Woodward Ave. WWTP Membrane Facility." Proceedings of the Water Environment Federation 2010, no. 5 (2010): 230–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.2175/193864710798216800.

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Ma, Jiawen, Yaoyu Feng, Yue Hu, Eric N. Villegas, and Lihua Xiao. "Human infective potential of Cryptosporidium spp., Giardia duodenalis and Enterocytozoon bieneusi in urban wastewater treatment plant effluents." Journal of Water and Health 14, no. 3 (2016): 411–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wh.2016.192.

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Cryptosporidiosis, giardiasis, and microsporidiosis are important waterborne diseases. In the standard for wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) effluents in China and other countries, the fecal coliform count is the only microbial indicator, raising concerns about the potential for pathogen transmission through WWTP effluent reuse. In this study, we collected 50 effluent samples (30 L/sample) from three municipal WWTPs in Shanghai, China, and analyzed for Cryptosporidium spp., Giardia duodenalis and Enterocytozoon bieneusi by microscopy and/or polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Moreover, propidium
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Kiselev, Andrey, Elena Magaril, Deborah Panepinto, Elena Cristina Rada, Marco Ravina, and Maria Chiara Zanetti. "Sustainable Energy Management Benchmark at Wastewater Treatment Plant." Sustainability 13, no. 22 (2021): 12885. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su132212885.

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Urban wastewater effluents bring large amounts of nutrients, organic matter, and organic microcontaminants into freshwater ecosystems. Ensuring the quality of wastewater treatment (WWT) is one of the main challenges facing the management of wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). However, achievement of high-quality standards leads towards significant energy consumption: usually the more intensive WWT process requires additional energies. Energy efficiency at WWTP is actual mainstream on the current sustainable development agenda. The WWTP processes and methods can be considered from the standpoi
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Venelinov, Tony, Galina Yotova, Veronika Mihaylova, Svetlana Lazarova, and Stefan Tsakovski. "Impact Assessment of the Wastewater Treatment Plants’ Discharges on Maritsa River." International Journal Bioautomation 25, no. 2 (2021): 169–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.7546/ijba.2021.25.2.000823.

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Data analysis of wastewater samples at the outlets of wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) of Pazardzhik, Plovdiv and Svilengrad, which discharge into the Maritsa River is presented. Total monthly loads for 2017 at the outlets are calculated using the monthly averages for the concentrations of chemical oxygen demand, biochemical oxygen demand, total phosphorus and total nitrogen (TN) and the monthly averages for the flow rates. The contributions of the WWTPs to the total river loads emphasize that the impact of WWTPs of Pazardzhik and Plovdiv is significantly greater than WWTP of Svilengrad. Ad
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Novia, Fanny, and Laila Febrina. "Dinamika Konsentrasi Oksigen Terlarut Akibat Limbah Cair Domestik di Hulu Sungai Citarum Menggunakan Model Dinamik." Dampak 15, no. 2 (2018): 65. http://dx.doi.org/10.25077/dampak.15.2.7-13.2018.

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High pollutant load from municipal discharges around the upstream of Citarum River contributes to the water quality problems of the river. Dynamic modelling was developed to analyze the behaviour of dissolved oxygen in upper of Citarum river using STELLA® as a tool. The modelling area consist of four segments namely Wangisagara, Jembatan Koyod, after Cisirung WWTP and Nanjung. Calibration and validation was done to get the most approaching simulated data to actual data. Average Mean Error (AME) and Average Variation Error (AVE) for all segments was 1.65% and 5.8%, therefore the developed model
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Yotova, Galina, Tony Venelinov, and Stefan Tsakovski. "Chemometric Assessment of Bulgarian Wastewater Treatment Plants’ Effluents." Molecules 25, no. 19 (2020): 4408. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules25194408.

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Surface water quality strongly depends on anthropogenic activity. Among the main anthropogenic sources of this activity are the wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) effluents. The discharged loads of nutrients and suspended solids could provoke serious problems for receiving water bodies and significantly alter the surface water quality. This study presents inventory analysis and chemometric assessment of WWTP effluents based on the mandatory monitoring data. The comparison between the Bulgarian WWTPs and previously reported data from other countries reveals that discharged loads from investigate
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Rashid, Siti Safirah, Siti Norliyana Harun, Marlia M. Hanafiah, Khalisah K. Razman, Yong-Qiang Liu, and Duratul Ain Tholibon. "Life Cycle Assessment and Its Application in Wastewater Treatment: A Brief Overview." Processes 11, no. 1 (2023): 208. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr11010208.

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This paper provides a brief review on wastewater treatment system and the application of life cycle assessment (LCA) for assessing its environmental performance. An extensive review regarding the geographical relevance of LCA for WWTPs, and the evaluation of sustainable wastewater treatment by LCA in both developed and developing countries are also discussed. The objective of the review is to identify knowledge gap, for the improvement of the LCA application and methodology to WWTPs. A total of 35 published articles related to wastewater treatment (WWT) and LCA from international scientific jo
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Sturm, Michael Toni, Daphne Argyropoulou, Erika Myers, et al. "Comparative Long-Term Monitoring of Microplastics in the Effluent of Three Different Wastewater Treatment Plants with Two, Three, and Four Treatment Stages." Water 17, no. 5 (2025): 711. https://doi.org/10.3390/w17050711.

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Wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) are important point sources for microplastics (MPs) in the environment. For effective mitigation measures and regulations, it is important to monitor their release into the environment and understand the level of MPs in the WWTP effluents based on different treatment technologies. In this study, we compare the MP levels in the effluents of three different municipal WWTPs which each use a different treatment concept: a conventional three-stage WWTP, one with an additional fourth cleaning stage using powdered activated carbon, and a two-stage WWTP utilizing a
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Yoon, Suchul, Norihide Nakada, and Hiroaki Tanaka. "Occurrence and fate of N-nitrosamines and their formation potential in three wastewater treatment plants in Japan." Water Science and Technology 68, no. 10 (2013): 2118–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2013.458.

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N-nitrosamines are well known as carcinogens present in the environment. However, studies of the occurrence and fate of N-nitrosamines and their N-nitrosamine formation potential (FP) in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) are lacking. Therefore, the objectives of this study were to determine the occurrence of N-nitrosamines in WWTPs, the FP of N-nitrosamines on chloramination during wastewater treatment, and the efficiency of FPNH2Cl reduction by biological treatment. Also, the residual FPNH2Cl in the final discharge was investigated. The efficiencies of removal of N-nitrosamines ranged from
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Maleka, Tebogo, Richard Greenfield, Sudhakar Muniyasamy, and Lee-Ann Modley. "Vaal’s Microplastic Burden: Uncovering the Fate of Microplastics in Emfuleni Municipality’s Wastewater Treatment Systems, Gauteng, South Africa." Sustainability 17, no. 5 (2025): 2211. https://doi.org/10.3390/su17052211.

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Municipal wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) in Gauteng, South Africa, are inadequately designed or optimized to effectively remove microplastics (MPs), resulting in approximately 80% of wastewater being discharged into aquatic ecosystems with insufficient treatment. This study evaluates the prevalence and abundance of MPs in municipal WWTPs and their subsequent introduction into receiving water bodies. Comprehensive sampling was conducted across three municipal WWTPs in the Emfuleni region of Gauteng province from October 2022 to July 2023. Initial MP identification and quantification were p
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "WWTP Ave"

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Fernandes, Tiago Alberto Lopes. "Implementação de um sistema de gestão operacional no sistema de saneamento do centro operacional do Ave através de uma plataforma agregadora de processos (NAVIA)." Master's thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1822/35342.

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Dissertação de mestrado integrado em Engenharia Biológica (área de especialização em Tecnologia Ambiental)<br>Com o aumento do número de habitantes ligados aos sistemas de drenagem, um aumento significativo das estações de tratamento de águas residuais (ETAR) e uma maior exigência do comprimento dos critérios de descarga, resultou na necessidade de criação de um sistema de gestão, que permitisse, uma gestão mais dinâmica e que fosse ao encontro das necessidades da empresa Águas do Noroeste. Este trabalho consiste na implementação da plataforma agregadora NAVIATM e verificar se, ao longo
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Gomes, Sérgio Filipe Rodrigues. "Análise da viabilidade económica da reutilização de águas residuais tratadas : o caso da ETAR do Ave." Master's thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1822/17561.

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Dissertação de mestrado em Engenharia Urbana (ramo de conhecimento em Hidráulica Ambiental)<br>As crescentes preocupações relativamente à escassez de água levam à necessidade de uma urgente reflexão sobre as aplicações actuais da água para consumo humano. Há que encontrar fontes de água alternativas para aplicações não potáveis. A presente dissertação apresenta um estudo de viabilidade da reutilização agrícola de águas residuais tratadas originárias da Estação de Tratamento de Águas Residuais (ETAR) do Ave. Esta reutilização abrange os concelhos de Vila do Conde e Póvoa do Varzim, razão p
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Book chapters on the topic "WWTP Ave"

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Mohan, Varun Geetha, Mohamed Ariff Ameedeen, Bincy Lathakumary Vijayan, and Al-Fahim Mubarak Ali. "A Review on Predictive Models Designed From Artificial Intelligence Techniques in the Wastewater Treatment Process." In Trends, Paradigms, and Advances in Mechatronics Engineering. IGI Global, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-6684-5887-7.ch013.

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Modeling and optimization of pollutant removal processes are the best solutions to increase the efficiency of wastewater treatment. The relationship between input and output parameters in wastewater treatment processes (WWTP) are complicated. Artificial intelligence (AI) models are generally more flexible when compared with statistical models while modeling complex datasets with nonlinearity and missing data. Studies on AI-based WWTP are increasing day by day. Therefore, it is crucial to review the AI techniques available which are implemented for WWTP. Such a review helps classifying the tech
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Egea-Corbacho, Agata, Ana Amelia Franco, Ana Pilar Martín-García, José María Quiroga, and María Dolores Coello. "Fate and behavior of microplastics in wastewater, accumulation in organisms and effects." In Detection and Treatment of Emerging Contaminants in Wastewater. IWA Publishing, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/9781789063752_0001.

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Abstract Studies on how microplastics (MPs) behave in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) are increasing day by day. Although conventional WWTPs can efficiently remove MPs (64–99%), when considering the daily discharge rate, this percentage would not be sufficient. The total amount of MPs would still be discharged daily into the environment; therefore, the final effluent can act as one of the main routes of entry of MPs into aquatic environments. This chapter reviews the behavior of MPs in the different WWTP units, as well as their accumulation in the sludge. Subsequently, a discussion on how
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Reisoglu, Şuheda, and Sevcan Aydin. "Bacteriophage as Biotechnological Tools to Improve the Effectiveness of Anaerobic Digestion Process." In Anaerobic Digestion - Biotechnology for Reactor Performance and Environmental Sustainability [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.113904.

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Wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) serve as habitats for diverse and densely populated bacterial communities, fostering intricate microbial interactions. Conventional treatment methods employed often fail to completely eliminate pathogens. Consequently, inadequate chemical treatments lead to the eventual release of waterborne bacterial pathogens into the environment through effluent water. Anaerobic digestion represents a biological treatment approach for organic waste and wastewater, providing cost-reduction benefits and enabling energy generation through biogas production from organic waste
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S. Al-Wasify, Raed, Majid M. Alruwaili, Fahad S. Aljohani, Shimaa R. Hamed, and Samar Ragab. "The Efficiency of Wastewater Treatment Plants for the Removal of Antibiotics." In Environmental Sciences. IntechOpen, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.111999.

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Undoubtedly domestic Wastewater Treatment Plants (WWTPs) are not designed for the removal of some pollutants such as antibiotics. This chapter summarizes the occurrence and fate of six groups of the most widely used antibiotics (β-lactams, sulfonamides, quinolones, tetracyclines, macrolides, and others) in domestic WWTPs. The literature showed that the six groups of antibiotics have been frequently detected during wastewater treatment train (influent, primary treatment, secondary treatment, tertiary treatment, effluent, and sludge treatment) of domestic WWTPs. Also, it was clear that the main
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Korving Hans, de Niet Arie, Koenders Peter, and Neef Remmy. "Model based control at WWTP Westpoort." In Risk and Decision Analysis in Maintenance Optimization and Flood Management. IOS Press, 2009. https://doi.org/10.3233/978-1-60750-522-8-113.

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The aeration of the activated sludge tank of wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) Westpoort in Amsterdam (the Netherlands) has been optimised using model based control. Discharge limits for the effluent of the treatment plant require total nitrogen (Ntot) concentrations below 10 mg/l. Ntot levels are reduced using biological nitrification-denitrification. This process is controlled by aeration which consumes a lot of energy. In order to reduce energy, the nitrification-denitrification process is optimised using a non linear regression model for the ammonium (NH4) concentration. Simulation results
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Erşahin, Mustafa Evren, Hüseyin Güven, and İzzet Öztürk. "Atıksu Arıtma Tesisinden Atıksu Rafinerisine." In Döngüsel Ekonomi ve Sürdürülebilir Hayat. Turkish Academy of Sciences, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.53478/tuba.978-605-2249-97-0.ch15.

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In the past, wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) were built mainly to protect the receiving water body quality, but due to energy and raw material constraints, reducing the energy consumption of WWTPs and ensuring material recovery have also gained importance. However, it is not possible to achieve the desired level of energy and material recovery in WWTPs where conventional activated sludge (AS) processes are applied. In order to achieve this goal, innovative processes need to be implemented. With the innovative processes, it is possible to make WWTPs energy neutral or even energy positive, a
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Kwaku Armah, Edward, Maggie Chetty, Jeremiah Adebisi Adedeji, et al. "Emerging Trends in Wastewater Treatment Technologies: The Current Perspective." In Wastewater Treatment [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.93898.

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The quality of freshwater and its supply, particularly for domestic and industrial purposes are waning due to urbanization and inefficient conventional wastewater treatment (WWT) processes. For decades, conventional WWT processes have succeeded to some extent in treating effluents to meet standard discharge requirements. However, improvements in WWT are necessary to render treated wastewater for re-use in the industrial, agricultural, and domestic sectors. Three emerging technologies including membrane technology, microbial fuel cells and microalgae, as well as WWT strategies are discussed in
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Pitoro, Valdemiro, Rodrigo Sánchez-Román, João Queluz, Tamires Da Silva, Sérgio Jane, and Kevim Muniz. "Anaerobic Filters: Alternative Solution for the Treatment of Domestic Wastewater for Reuse in Vegetable Irrigation." In Irrigation and Drainage - Recent Advances. IntechOpen, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.106326.

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This chapter is the result of a research conducted in the experimental area of the Department of Rural Engineering, School of Agronomic Sciences, São Paulo State University, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil, for 165 days, between the months of February and August 2018, with the objective to evaluate the performance of a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) at a pilot-scale composed of six anaerobic filters (tank-in-series), filled with gravel #1 in the treatment of domestic wastewater (DW) for agricultural reuse. The parameters were monitored was: pH, electrical conductivity, total suspended solids, b
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Rodríguez-Silva Gustavo and Gibert Karina. "The Paradox of the Mitigant Trajectories: Consequences on Interpretation of Dynamical Patterns." In Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence and Applications. IOS Press, 2009. https://doi.org/10.3233/978-1-60750-061-2-103.

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Often, dynamic patterns are constructed from the concatenation of the patterns identified on each state of the process. In this work it is shown that the interpretation of dynamic patterns can not be constructed as a simple concatenation of the concepts associated to the components of the dynamic process. This phenomenon is defined as a Paradox of the Mitigant Trajectories (PTM). A method to identify PTM's is proposed as well as a method to correct them. Also, the proposal is applied to a Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP). The correct interpretation of dynamic patterns is crucial as inducted k
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Pascual-Pañach, Josep, Miquel Sànchez-Marrè, and Miquel Àngel Cugueró-Escofet. "Optimizing Online Time-Series Data Imputation Through Case-Based Reasoning." In Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence and Applications. IOS Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/faia220320.

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When working with Intelligent Decision Support Systems (IDSS), data quality could compromise decisions and therefore, an undesirable behaviour of the supported system. In this paper, a novel methodology for time-series online data imputation is proposed. A Case-Based Reasoning (CBR) system is used to provide such imputation approach. The CBR principle (i.e., solving the current problem using past solutions to similar problems) may be applied to data imputation, using values from similar past situations to replace incorrect or missing values. To improve the performance of the data imputation pr
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Conference papers on the topic "WWTP Ave"

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Brackman, Eric. "Secondary Containment Coatings/Linings @ 91st Ave WWTP Phoenix, AZ Highlighting the Forgotten Basics." In Paint and Coatings Expo (PACE) 2010. SSPC, 2010. https://doi.org/10.5006/s2010-00004.

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Abstract Like many other areas Phoenix Arizona has unique coatings/linings guide specifications for secondary containment structures. Each entity drafts specifications to fit the particular needs of the project. Each specification has nuances that make it unique. The one thing the majority of them have in common is ACCOUNTABILTY. The word alone should keep everyone on their toes. The focus of this paper is to look at a few nuances the City of Phoenix brings to the table which may or may not make you think.
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Kumar, Ashok, and Larry D. Stephenson. "Emerging Corrosion Prevention and Control Technologies for Wastewater Treatment Plants." In CORROSION 2005. NACE International, 2005. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2005-05068.

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Abstract Wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) components generally experience both atmospheric and immersion corrosion. The corrosion intensive components include buried piping, handrails, gratings, ladders, electrical junction boxes, clarifier rake arms, concrete walls, etc. Hydrogen sulfide, which is usually present, has wide-ranging effects in wastewater systems, most notably causing corrosion and odor problems. Severe immersion corrosion of WWTP components were recently identified in and around the primary and secondary clarifiers at two Army Installations. The corroding components included:
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Bodescu, Gheorghe A., Romina G. Daraban, Norbert B. Mih�ly, et al. "Control of the WWTP Water Line Using Traditional and Model Predictive Approaches." In The 35th European Symposium on Computer Aided Process Engineering. PSE Press, 2025. https://doi.org/10.69997/sct.175378.

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Wastewater treatment and resources recovery from large wastewater flowrates of the municipalities and circular bio-based economy ask for efficient control solutions. The paper presents solutions for operating the wastewater treatment plant, based on advanced process control methods aimed to merge the benefits of the cooperation between the lower-level regulatory control loops and the upper-level model predictive control strategy. The lower-level is designed to regulate the nitrification in the aerated bioreactors by controlling the Dissolved Oxygen or the ammonia concentration and to control t
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Knolmar, Marcell, and Sandor Szel. "RETENTION-BASED SOLUTIONS FOR OUTFALL REDUCTION." In 24th SGEM International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference 2024. STEF92 Technology, 2024. https://doi.org/10.5593/sgem2024/3.1/s12.22.

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The discharge emanating from a municipal wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) is a contributing factor to the pollution load within the adjacent natural water body. Generally, effluent constraints can be upheld during periods of dry weather. Nonetheless, instances of surpassing these limitations are common during storm events due to the substantial surge in inflow. The retention of incoming stormwater presents an opportunity to mitigate both quantitative and qualitative concerns. However, the spatial and financial prerequisites for constructing such facilities necessitate comprehensive deliberati
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Royer, Joseph R. "Geopolymer Lining of Corroded Reinforced Concrete Sanitary Sewer Pipes." In CORROSION 2019. NACE International, 2019. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2019-13177.

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Absrract Sewer renewal technologies that are currently used for the repair, replacement and/or rehabilitation of deteriorating wastewater collection systems are generally effective, but there is room for improvement of existing technologies and for the development of new technologies. Many utilities are seeking innovative rehabilitation technologies, particularly for large-diameter pipes. However, information about these emerging technologies is not always readily available. As part of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's Aging Water Infrastructure Program, a field demonstration program
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Rocha, Alejandro. "Polymer Systems on Concrete Structures in WWTP: Overview, Problems and Solutions in Application and Inspections." In CORROSION 2011. NACE International, 2011. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2011-11370.

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Abstract The trend in the treatment of corroded concrete structures in Waste Water Treatment facilities has been to use thick mil thermo-set polymer linings to protect against the continuing effects of its corrosive environment. While organizations such as NACE, SSPC and ICRI have done much to enhance many coatings professionals understanding of this specialized area of corrosion control, proper application and inspection of much of the work in both public and private sector jobs continues to be substandard. This paper will provide the reader with an overview of the myriad of structures being
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Allion, Audrey, Charles David, Benoit Emo, and Nicolas Larché. "Laboratory Experiments vs Field Experience – Localized Corrosion Performance of Lean Duplex Stainless Steel UNS S32202 in Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plants." In CONFERENCE 2023. AMPP, 2023. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2023-19159.

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Abstract Thanks to their good corrosion resistance and ease to shape and weld, austenitic stainless steels (e.g. UNS S31603) are used as standard materials for the construction of urban wastewater treatment plants (WWTP). The main factors influencing the corrosiveness of the fluids in WWTP are halide concentration (more specifically chlorides), H2S content, low pH, temperature and their combined effects. The present paper deals with the localized corrosion performance of lean duplex UNS S32202 in solutions or in atmosphere simulating pre-treatment unit environment. It is compared to the austen
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Zadkarami, M., K. V. Gernaey, A. A. Safavi, and P. Ramin. "Diagnosing Faults in Wastewater Systems: A Data-Driven Approach to Handle Imbalanced Big Data." In The 35th European Symposium on Computer Aided Process Engineering. PSE Press, 2025. https://doi.org/10.69997/sct.114532.

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Process monitoring is essential in industrial settings to ensure system functionality, necessitating the identification and understanding of fault causes. While a substantial body of research focuses on fault detection, fault diagnosis has received significantly less attention. Typically, faults originate either from abnormal instrument behavior, indicating the need for calibration or replacement, or from process faults, signaling a malfunction within the system. A primary objective of this study is to apply the proposed fault diagnosis methodology to a benchmark that closely mirrors real-worl
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Al Nawafah, Hamza, and Ryoichi S. Amano. "A Novel Approach to Integrating Photovoltaic Technology With Wastewater Treatment Plants (WWTPs)." In ASME Power Applied R&D 2023. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/power2023-108833.

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Abstract The efficiency of solar photovoltaic (PV) modules has significantly grown over the past several years. As a result, these modules are getting cheaper. Not all solar PV modules have, but some have achieved laboratory efficiencies above 40%. Furthermore, wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) are regarded as major energy consumers, accounting for approximately 3 to 4% of total energy consumption in the United States. The reason is that the aeration tanks in WWTPs are the parts of the plant that use the most energy, accounting for 45% to 75% of the energy footprint. This paper presents a no
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Dabiri, Soroush, and Wolfgang Rauch. "CFD Analysis on Biogas Bubble Creation Within a Stirred Tank of a Wastewater Treatment Plant." In ASME 2021 Fluids Engineering Division Summer Meeting. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fedsm2021-65750.

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Abstract A mixing strategy for assuring a homogeneous fluid flow inside wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) is a necessity, in order to keep continuous contacts of substrates and degraders. On the other hand, mixing is an energy-demanding process. Therefore, the power consumption for mixing the fluid flow within bioreactors affects the overall efficiency of WWTPs. The current study aims at evaluating the incorporation of biogas bubble creation on the mixing of WWTP tanks. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) enables simulating hydrodynamics of multiphase fluid flows injected with bubble parcels.
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