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Journal articles on the topic 'X-linkage'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 2 June 2025

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Chevalier, Fabien, G. Richard Geier, and Jonathan S. Lindsey. "Acidolysis of intermediates used in the preparation of core-modified porphyrinic macrocycles." Journal of Porphyrins and Phthalocyanines 06, no. 03 (2002): 186–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s108842460200021x.

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The stability towards acidolysis of intermediates used in the preparation of core-modified porphyrinic macrocycles was examined. Experiments were performed using analogs of 5-phenyldipyrromethane in which one of the two pyrrole rings was modified (XPM). The XPMs utilized in these studies had X = 2-furyl (OPM), 2-thienyl (SPM), 2-selenyl (SePM), or 3-pyrrolyl (NCPPM). The XPMs possess a potentially labile linkage to a heteroatom-modified ring as well as a potentially labile linkage to a pyrrole ring. The stability of the two types of linkages was examined under acid catalysis conditions commonl

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2

Crow, T. J. "X-Y linkage and schizophrenia." BMJ 305, no. 6859 (1992): 958. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.305.6859.958-a.

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3

Gal, Andreas. "X-linked retinoschisis and linkage." Clinical Genetics 33, no. 2 (2008): 143. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-0004.1988.tb03427.x.

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4

Mendlewicz, J., L. A. Sandkuil, A. De Bruyn, and C. Van Broeckhoven. "X-linkage in bipolar illness." Biological Psychiatry 29, no. 7 (1991): 730–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0006-3223(91)90150-k.

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5

Clayton, John F., Christine M. Gosden, Nicholas D. Hastie, and H. John Evans. "Linkage heterogeneity and fragile X." Human Genetics 78, no. 4 (1988): 338–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00291731.

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6

Risch, Neil. "Description of X-linkage pedigrees." Genetic Epidemiology 6, no. 1 (1989): 187–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/gepi.1370060133.

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7

Van Eerdewegh, Paul. "Linkage analysis with cohort effects: An application to X-linkage." Genetic Epidemiology 6, no. 1 (1989): 271–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/gepi.1370060147.

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8

Zou, Rongchao. "Discussion on the Implementation Path of Multi-dimensional Linkage of Sports in Colleges and Universities." Archives des Sciences 74, s2 (2024): 81–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.62227/as/74s210.

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Multiple linkage is an important means of youth sports health promotion and plays an important role in the development of college sports. This paper constructs the sports multiple linkage model based on the theory of overlapping effect from 2 aspects of linkage goal and content structure, and establishes the evaluation index system of linkage effect, including 4 first-level indexes and 17 second-level indexes, such as linkage subject, linkage content, linkage implementation and linkage evaluation. Combining the subjective weights based on AHP method and the objective weights of information ent

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9

Tillmar, Andreas O., Petter Mostad, Thore Egeland, Bertil Lindblom, Gunilla Holmlund, and Kerstin Montelius. "Analysis of linkage and linkage disequilibrium for eight X-STR markers." Forensic Science International: Genetics 3, no. 1 (2008): 37–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fsigen.2008.09.006.

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10

Inturri, Serena, Silvia Menegon, Antonio Amoroso, Carlo Torre, and Carlo Robino. "Linkage and linkage disequilibrium analysis of X-STRs in Italian families." Forensic Science International: Genetics 5, no. 2 (2011): 152–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fsigen.2010.10.012.

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11

Graf, J. D. "Genetic mapping in Xenopus laevis: eight linkage groups established." Genetics 123, no. 2 (1989): 389–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/genetics/123.2.389.

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Abstract Inheritance of alleles at 29 electrophoretically detected protein loci and one pigment locus (albinism) was analyzed in Xenopus laevis by backcrossing multiply heterozygous individuals generated by intersubspecies hybridization. Pairwise linkage tests revealed eight classical linkage groups. These groups have been provisionally numbered from 1 to 8 in an arbitrarily chosen order. Linkage group 1 includes ALB-2 (albumin), ADH-1 (alcohol dehydrogenase), NP (nucleoside phosphorylase), and ap (periodic albinism). Linkage group 2 contains ALB-1 and ADH-2, and probably is homeologous to gro

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12

Ha, S. T., and Y. W. Low. "Synthesis and Phase Transition Behaviours of New Chalcone Derivatives." Journal of Chemistry 2013 (2013): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/943723.

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A series of new chalcone derivatives with a general formula of C11H27COOC6H4COCH=CHC6H4X where X=F, Cl, Br, and NO2were well synthesized and crystallized from organic solution. The physical properties as well as the chemical formulations of these compounds were determined by spectroscopic techniques (FTIR, and1H and13C NMR). Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and polarizing optical microscopy (POM) techniques were employed to study their transition temperatures and mesophase characteristics. DSC thermograms of compounds with fluoro and nitro substituents displayed direct isotropization an

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13

Tijani, Sarafat Ayanfunke, Freda Oghenekevwe Idoroh, and Mojisola Fauziyah Oyewole. "Factors Influencing Dissemination of Research Outputs to Utilisers among Agricultural Research Institutes in Oyo State Nigeria." Journal of Agricultural Extension 29, no. 1 (2024): 247–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/jae.v29i1.28s.

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The study assessed factors influencing the Dissemination of Research Outputs (DoRO) among agricultural research institutes in Oyo state. Random sampling was used to select 150 respondents from whom data were collected using a structured questionnaire. Data were analysed using percentages, mean and, principal component analysis. Research outputs generated and disseminated include F3 (80.6%) and TC4 (72.2%) cocoa variety (CRIN); Soybean (100.0%), castor seed (90.9%) and rice (63.6%) (NCRI); Vitamin A cassava (100.0%), TMES (100.0%), TMS13F41343P0022 (90.5%) (IITA), rabbit (76.2%), mushroom (71.4

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14

Skroch, Paul, Jim Nienhuis, Geunwha Jung, and Dermot Coyne. "Integration of RAPD Marker Genetic Linkage Maps in Phaseolus vulgaris L." HortScience 30, no. 4 (1995): 772D—772. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.30.4.772d.

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Currently, we are studying the genetics and linkage relationships of important quantitative and qualitative traits in common bean, including disease resistances, plant architecture, seed size and shape, and pod size, shape, and fiber content. Study of the genetics of these traits is being facilitated through the use of RAPD marker-based linkage maps in four RI populations. Cultivated P.vulgaris has two primary centers of diversity—Meso-american and Andean, the RI populations used for mapping are Meso x Andean (Bat93 x Jalo EEP558 and Eagle x Puebla 152), Andean x Andean (PC50 x Xan159), and Me

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15

Lo, Johnathan, and Heath Blackmon. "Retrogene survival is not impacted by linkage relationships." PeerJ 10 (January 24, 2022): e12822. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.12822.

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In retrogene evolution, the out-of-the-X pattern is the retroduplication of X-linked housekeeping genes to autosomes, hypothesized to be driven by meiotic sex chromosome inactivation during spermatogenesis. This pattern suggests that some retrogene survival is driven by selection on X-linkage. We asked if selection on linkage constitutes an important evolutionary force in retrogene survival, including for autosomal parents. Specifically, is there a correlation between retrogene survival and changes in linkage with parental gene networks? To answer this question, we compiled data on retrogenes

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16

Volpe, Maryann V., John M. Graham, Frederick S. Miller, Jeanette S. Risdahl, Richard A. King, and B. Demartinville. "LINKAGE ANALYSIS IN X-LINKED OCULAR ALBINISM." Pediatric Research 21, no. 4 (1987): 295A. http://dx.doi.org/10.1203/00006450-198704010-00765.

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17

Schnur, Rhonda E., Robert L. Nussbaum, Lynn Anson-Cartwright, Cathy McDowell, Ronald G. Worton, and Maria A. Musarella. "Linkage analysis in X-linked ocular albinism." Genomics 9, no. 4 (1991): 605–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0888-7543(91)90353-g.

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18

Darnfors, Catarina, H. E. Börje Larsson, Anders Oldfors, et al. "X-linked myotubular myopathy: a linkage study." Clinical Genetics 37, no. 5 (2008): 335–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-0004.1990.tb03515.x.

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19

Kottyan, Leah C., Avery Maddox, Kate Hoffman, et al. "X chromosomal linkage to eosinophilic esophagitis susceptibility." Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology 141, no. 2 (2018): AB225. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaci.2017.12.712.

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20

Szpiro-Tapia, S., G. Bobrie, M. Guilloud-Bataille, et al. "Linkage studies in X-linked Alport's syndrome." Human Genetics 81, no. 1 (1988): 85–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00283736.

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21

Dahl, N., P. Goonewardena, J. Chotai, M. Anvret, and U. Pettersson. "DNA linkage analysis of X-linked retinoschisis." Human Genetics 78, no. 3 (1988): 228–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00291666.

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22

Brooks, Susan Sklower, Ira Cohen, Charles Ferrando, Edmund C. Jenkins, W. Ted Brown, and Carl Dobkin. "Cytogenetically negative, linkage positive “fragile X” syndrome." American Journal of Medical Genetics 38, no. 2-3 (1991): 370–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ajmg.1320380242.

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23

Perkins, David D., Robert L. Metzenberg, Namboori B. Raju, Eric U. Selker, and Edward G. Barry. "REVERSAL OF A NEUROSPORA TRANSLOCATION BY CROSSING OVER INVOLVING DISPLACED rDNA, AND METHYLATION OF THE rDNA SEGMENTS THAT RESULT FROM RECOMBINATION." Genetics 114, no. 3 (1986): 791–817. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/genetics/114.3.791.

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ABSTRACT In translocation OY321 of Neurospora crassa, the nucleolus organizer is divided into two segments, a proximal portion located interstitially in one interchange chromosome, and a distal portion now located terminally on another chromosome, linkage group I. In crosses of Translocation x Translocation, exceptional progeny are recovered nonselectively in which the chromosome sequence has apparently reverted to Normal. Genetic, cytological, and molecular evidence indicates that reversion is the result of meiotic crossing over between homologous displaced rDNA repeats. Marker linkages are w

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24

ZHAO, JIAN, PENG XIAO, YAN GUO, et al. "Bivariate genome linkage analysis suggests pleiotropic effects on chromosomes 20p and 3p for body fat mass and lean mass." Genetics Research 90, no. 3 (2008): 259–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0016672308009257.

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SummaryTotal body fat mass (TBFM) and total body lean mass (TBLM) are the major components of the human body. Although these highly correlated phenotypic traits are frequently used to characterize obesity, the specific shared genetic factors that influence both traits remain largely unknown. Our study was aimed at identifying common quantitative trait loci (QTLs) contributing to both TBFM and TBLM. We performed a whole genome-linkage scan study in a large sample of 3255 subjects from 420 Caucasian pedigrees. Bivariate linkage analysis was carried out in both the entire sample and gender-specif

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25

Leboyer, M., M. C. Babron, and F. Clerget-Darpoux. "Sampling strategy in linkage studies of affective disorders." Psychological Medicine 20, no. 3 (1990): 573–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291700017074.

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SynopsisEvidence of linkage in families of bipolar patients has so far been identified with genetic markers on chromosome X and 11. However, replications of these data have not consistently been reported in either case, which favours the hypothesis of genetic heterogeneity. Therefore, we have tried to outline a sampling strategy for linkage replication in affective disorders. We estimated the average number of nuclear families required to replicate X or 11 linkage as a function of the degree of heterogeneity as well as the number to prove heterogeneity given that linkage exists. The results ar

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26

Sokoloff, Alexander, Robert F. Ferrone, John D. Chaney, Jerry Braden, and Ricardo J. Muñoz. "Linkage studies in Tribolium castaneum (Herbst). XII. A revision of linkage group II." Genome 29, no. 1 (1987): 26–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/g87-005.

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Data are presented to show the linkage relationships of a number of genes in linkage group II of Tribolium castaneum and a revised map of this linkage group is presented bearing eight well-established points. Some of these points were establishable with the aid of an accidental inversion induced by gamma irradiation. Five additional mutants are also in this linkage group as a result of the revision, but their relative position needs to be established through additional linkage studies. The linkage map suggests the presence of two gene clusters, one affecting the eye color and morphology and th

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27

Whitkus, R., J. Doebley, and M. Lee. "Comparative genome mapping of Sorghum and maize." Genetics 132, no. 4 (1992): 1119–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/genetics/132.4.1119.

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Abstract Linkage relationships were determined among 85 maize low copy number nuclear DNA probes and seven isozyme loci in an F2 population derived from a cross of Sorghum bicolor ssp. bicolor x S. bicolor ssp. arundinaceum. Thirteen linkage groups were defined, three more than the 10 chromosomes of sorghum. Use of maize DNA probes to produce the sorghum linkage map allowed us to make several inferences concerning processes involved in the evolutionary divergence of the maize and sorghum genomes. The results show that many linkage groups are conserved between these two genomes and that the amo

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28

Nonaka, M., C. Namikawa-Yamada, M. Sasaki, L. Salter-Cid, and M. F. Flajnik. "Evolution of proteasome subunits delta and LMP2: complementary DNA cloning and linkage analysis with MHC in lower vertebrates." Journal of Immunology 159, no. 2 (1997): 734–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.159.2.734.

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Abstract The class II region of the mammalian MHC harbors two proteasome subunit genes, LMP2 and LMP7. These genes are induced by IFN-gamma, and their products are incorporated into proteasomes substituting for their closest relatives, the delta and X subunits, respectively. This substitution is believed to change the proteolytic specificity of proteasomes, making it more suitable for generation of peptides to be presented by class I molecules. To elucidate the phylogenetic origin of LMP2 and the linkage of its gene with the MHC, reverse transcriptase-PCR amplification of Xenopus laevis and la

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29

Hemmat, Minou, Norman F. Weeden, and Susan K. Brown. "Mapping and Evaluation of Malus ×domestica Microsatellites in Apple and Pear." Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 128, no. 4 (2003): 515–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/jashs.128.4.0515.

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We mapped DNA polymorphisms generated by 41 sets of Simple Sequence Repeat (SSR) primers, developed independently in four laboratories. All primer sets gave polymorphisms that could be located on our `White Angel' x `Rome Beauty' map for apple [Malus sylvestris (L.) Mill. Var. domestica (Borkh.) Mansf.]. The SSR primers were used to identify homologous linkage groups in `Wijcik McIntosh', NY 75441-58, `Golden Delicious', and `Liberty' cultivars for which relatively complete linkage maps have been constructed from isozyme and Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers. In several instances

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30

Hemmat, Minou, Norman F. Weeden, and Susan K. Brown. "Mapping and Evaluation of Malus ×domestica Microsatellites in Apple and Pear." Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 128, no. 4 (2003): 515–20. https://doi.org/10.21273/jashs.128.4.515.

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We mapped DNA polymorphisms generated by 41 sets of Simple Sequence Repeat (SSR) primers, developed independently in four laboratories. All primer sets gave polymorphisms that could be located on our `White Angel' x `Rome Beauty' map for apple [Malus sylvestris (L.) Mill. Var. domestica (Borkh.) Mansf.]. The SSR primers were used to identify homologous linkage groups in `Wijcik McIntosh', NY 75441-58, `Golden Delicious', and `Liberty' cultivars for which relatively complete linkage maps have been constructed from isozyme and Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers. In several instances

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31

Lundquist, Knut, Vratislav Langer, and Jim Parkås. "The structure and conformation of lignin as judged by X-ray crystallographic investigations of lignin model compounds: Arylglycerol beta-syringyl ethers." BioResources 4, no. 2 (2009): 529–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.15376/biores.4.2.529-536.

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Structural elements of the arylglycerol b-syringyl ether type are very frequent in hardwood lignins. A variety of crystalline dimeric lignin models representing different diastereomeric forms of structural elements in lignin of this type have been studied using X-ray crystallography. Bond distances and bond angles in the model compounds are in all probability nearly identical with those of the corresponding structural elements in lignins. Special attention was paid to the geometry of the b-O-syringyl linkage, since the reactivity of this linkage is of particular interest in connection with pul

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32

Meire, F. M., E. M. Bleeker-Wagemakers, M. Oehler, A. Gal, and J. W. Delleman. "X-linked megalocornea Ocular findings and linkage analysis." Ophthalmic Paediatrics and Genetics 12, no. 3 (1991): 153–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/13816819109029398.

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33

Moore, Gudrun E., Alasdair Ivens, Joanna Chambers, et al. "Linkage of an X-chromosome cleft palate gene." Nature 326, no. 6108 (1987): 91–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/326091a0.

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34

Baron, Miron. "X‐linkage and manic‐depressive illness: A reassessment." Biodemography and Social Biology 38, no. 3-4 (1991): 179–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19485565.1991.9988786.

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35

Terada, M., N. Kawauchi, M. Takahashi, et al. "Usefulness of X-ray CT & Injector Linkage." Japanese Journal of Radiological Technology 52, no. 10 (1996): 1315. http://dx.doi.org/10.6009/jjrt.kj00001353776.

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36

Galloway, S. M., V. Hanrahan, K. G. Dodds, M. D. Potts, A. M. Crawford, and D. F. Hill. "A linkage map of the ovine X chromosome." Genome Research 6, no. 8 (1996): 667–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/gr.6.8.667.

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37

Ted Brown, W., Ye Wu, AnneC Gross, ColinB Chan, CarlS Dobkin, and EdmundC Jenkins. "RFLP FOR LINKAGE ANALYSIS OF FRAGILE X SYNDROME." Lancet 329, no. 8527 (1987): 280. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(87)90103-6.

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38

Brown, W. T., Anne C. Gross, C. B. Chan, and E. C. Jenkins. "Genetic linkage heterogeneity in the fragile X syndrome." Human Genetics 71, no. 1 (1985): 11–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00295659.

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39

Bergen, A. A. B., M. J. Schooneveld, U. Orth, E. M. Bleeker-Wagemakers, and A. Gal. "Multipoint linkage analysis in X-linked juvenile retinosclusis." Clinical Genetics 43, no. 3 (1993): 113–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-0004.1993.tb04433.x.

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40

Banerjee, R. L., and Aldérice Richard. "Seeman–Bohlin linkage for Siemens x‐ray diffractometer." Review of Scientific Instruments 62, no. 4 (1991): 986–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1142510.

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41

Aitken, K. S., P. A. Jackson, and C. L. McIntyre. "Construction of a genetic linkage map for Saccharum officinarum incorporating both simplex and duplex markers to increase genome coverage." Genome 50, no. 8 (2007): 742–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/g07-056.

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Saccharum officinarum L. is an octoploid with 80 chromosomes and a basic chromosome number of x = 10. It has high stem sucrose and contributes 80% of the chromosomes to the interspecific sugarcane cultivars that are grown commercially for sucrose. A genetic linkage map was developed for S. officinarum (clone IJ76-514) using a segregating population generated from a cross between Q165 (a commercial sugarcane cultivar) and IJ76-514. In total, 40 AFLP and 72 SSR primer pairs were screened across the population, revealing 595 polymorphic bands inherited from IJ76-514. These 595 markers displayed a

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42

Šeda, Ondřej, F. Liška, D. Křenová, et al. "Differential Linkage of Triglyceride and Glucose Levels on Rat Chromosome 4 in Two Segregating Rat Populations." Folia Biologica 49, no. 6 (2003): 223–26. https://doi.org/10.14712/fb2003049060223.

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The PD/Cub is a recently established model of the IRS. The BN.SHR4 congenic strain was derived by introgression of the chromosome 4 segment of SHR origin (including the defective Cd36/Fat allele) onto the BN/Cub genetic background. We investigated the linkage of metabolic and morphometric phenotypes (total body weight, OGTT, fasting serum levels of TG, FFA) on chromosome 4 in two separate F2 rat populations: the PD/Cub x BN/Cub and PD/Cub x BN.SHR4 (total N = 243). In the PD/Cub x BN.SHR4 F2s, we found significant linkage for fasting TG levels (LOD = 3.26) and suggestive linkage for fasting gl

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43

Sperling, Felix A. H. "SEX-LINKED GENES AND SPECIES DIFFERENCES IN LEPIDOPTERA." Canadian Entomologist 126, no. 3 (1994): 807–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4039/ent126807-3.

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AbstractI review reports on the genetic basis for species differences in the Lepidoptera. In the six best-studied species complexes, more than half of all ecological, behavioral, or physiological differences among species are controlled by X-linked genes. Because Lepidoptera have about 30 pairs of chromosomes, this finding clearly indicates strong bias toward X-linkage of genes for species differences. The proportion of X-linked species differences ranges from complete X-linkage in Colias butterflies, to almost none in Yponomeuta moths. Four other complexes all have at least one X-linked gene

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44

Hebebrand, Johannes. "A Critical Appraisal of X-Linked Bipolar Illness." British Journal of Psychiatry 160, no. 1 (1992): 7–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.160.1.7.

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The major assumption underlying all X-linkage studies of bipolar disorder has been that a subgroup of manic–depressive illness follows an X-linked dominant mode of inheritance. An evaluation of the segregation patterns in the pedigrees that have been analysed for X-linkage over the past 20 years does not support this assumption, because the formal genetic criteria for an X-linked dominant mode of inheritance are virtually absent. Not a single pedigree has been ascertained in which the segregation pattern is suggestive of the assumed mode of inheritance. This is mainly because segregation ratio

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45

Chen, Xiu Mei, Qiu Shi Han, Bao Ying Peng, and Qi Guang Li. "The X-C Linkage Grinding Force Model in Cam Grinding." Key Engineering Materials 693 (May 2016): 1187–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.693.1187.

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In cam grinding process, the grinding force changes with the change of cam contour, and its change leads to create the error of X-C linkage servo-tracking position, all of the factors reduce the cam the contour accuracy. To improve the accuracy of the cam profile, and research the effect of X-C axis servo tracking, the key vector of grinding force to the position is proposed, in which the factors have been considered including the grinding depth, curvature change, cam width, length and other effects. According to the mechanical analysis of cam and grinding wheel, a cam grinding XC-axis grindin

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46

Badenas, Celia, Sergi Castellv�-Bel, Victor Volpini, et al. "Linkage analysis in Spanish families with nonspecific X-linked mental retardation: Significant linkage at Xq13-q21." American Journal of Medical Genetics 98, no. 4 (2001): 343–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/1096-8628(20010201)98:4<343::aid-ajmg1107>3.0.co;2-v.

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47

Gooding, R. H., and C. M. Challoner. "Genetics of the tsetse fly Glossina morsitans submorsitans Newstead (Diptera: Glossinidae): further mapping of linkage groups I, II, and III." Canadian Journal of Zoology 77, no. 8 (1999): 1309–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z99-092.

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Standard mapping procedures were used to map four loci in linkage group I (the X chromosome), two loci in linkage group II, and two loci in linkage group III of Glossina morsitans submorsitans. In the presence of the allele Srd (the distorter allele favoring production of female offspring), no recombination occurred between any of the following loci: Pgm (phosphoglucomutase), wht (white eye color), Est-X (a thoracic esterase), and Sr (sex-ratio distortion). However, in the absence of Srd (i.e., in females homozygous for Srn, the allele that permits males to sire both female and male offspring

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48

Khan, Muhammad Farhan, Allah Rakha, Anam Munawar, et al. "Genetic Diversity and Forensic Utility of X-STR Loci in Punjabi and Kashmiri Populations: Insights into Population Structure and Ancestry." Genes 15, no. 11 (2024): 1384. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes15111384.

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Background: X-chromosomal short tandem repeats (X-STRs) are crucial in forensic applications, particularly in complex kinship cases, and play an important role in population genetics. However, there is limited data on X-STR variation in Pakistani populations, especially among ethnic groups like Kashmiri and Punjabi. Methodology: This study investigates the forensic and genetic properties of 12 X-STRs from the Investigator Argus X-12 Kit (QIAGEN, Hilden, Germany) in 125 families (75 Kashmiri, 50 Punjabi) from Azad Jammu and Kashmir and Punjab, Pakistan. Results: In both populations, a total of

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Rohrer, G. A., L. J. Alexander, J. W. Keele, T. P. Smith, and C. W. Beattie. "A microsatellite linkage map of the porcine genome." Genetics 136, no. 1 (1994): 231–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/genetics/136.1.231.

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Abstract We report the most extensive genetic linkage map for a livestock species produced to date. We have linked 376 microsatellite (MS) loci with seven restriction fragment length polymorphic loci in a backcross reference population. The 383 markers were placed into 24 linkage groups which span 1997 cM. Seven additional MS did not fall into a linkage group. Linkage groups are assigned to 13 autosomes and the X chromosome (haploid n = 19). This map provides the basis for genetic analysis of quantitative inheritance of phenotypic and physiologic traits in swine.

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Teuscher, C., D. M. Rhein, K. D. Livingstone, et al. "Evidence that Tmevd2 and eae3 may represent either a common locus or members of a gene complex controlling susceptibility to immunologically mediated demyelination in mice." Journal of Immunology 159, no. 10 (1997): 4930–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.159.10.4930.

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Abstract Theiler's murine encephalomyelitis virus (TMEV)-induced demyelination and experimental allergic encephalomyelitis are the principal immunologically mediated, genetically controlled models of multiple sclerosis. Previous studies using different mapping techniques identified susceptibility loci for both diseases on chromosomes 3, 6, and 17. To more precisely map these TMEV and experimental allergic encephalomyelitis loci relative to each other, linkage analysis using microsatellite markers and a (BALB/cByJ x DBA/2J) x BALB/cByJ backcross population segregating for TMEV-induced disease w

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