Relevant bibliographies by topics / Xhosa

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'Xhosa'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 30 July 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Xhosa"

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Somniso, M. M. "Echoes of orality in Christian Xhosa songs." Literator 26, no. 3 (July 31, 2005): 131–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/lit.v26i3.240.

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This article is an attempt to investigate and explore certain patterns in traditional Christian Xhosa songs as found in Xhosa music. The corpus of contemporary Xhosa music is vast, and difficult to explore properly without recognising the patterns of traditional music. In order to recognise these patterns Xhosa music in general will be discussed first – Xhosa music also as a form of art. Having done that, it will try to uncover certain elements of traditional songs in Christian Xhosa music. A comparative approach will be used to reveal the similarities between traditional and Christian songs. To compare certain aspects in a literary work does not imply attaching more significance to one element than to another. This method rather implies a way of looking beyond narrow boundaries, and to explore other spheres of human activities.
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Peires, J. B. "The Central Beliefs of the Xhosa Cattle-Killing." Journal of African History 28, no. 1 (March 1987): 43–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021853700029418.

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The Xhosa cattle-killing movement of 1856–7 cannot be explained as a superstitious ‘pagan reaction’to the intrusion of colonial rule and Christian civilization. It owes its peculiar form to the lungsickness epidemic of 1854, which carried off over 100,000 Xhosa cattle. The Xhosa theory of disease indicated that the sick cattle had been contaminated by the witchcraft practices of the people, and that these tainted cattle would have to be slaughtered lest they infect the pure new cattle which were about to rise.The idea of the resurrection of the dead was partly due to the Xhosa belief that the dead do not really die or depart from the world of the living, and partly to the Xhosa myth of creation, which held that all life originated in a certain cavern in the ground which might yet again pour forth its blessings on the earth. Christian doctrines, transmitted through the prophets Nxele and Mhlakaza, supplemented and elaborated these indigenous Xhosa beliefs. The Xhosa and the Christian elements united together in the person of the expected redeemer Sifuba-sibanzi (the broad-chested one). The central beliefs of the Xhosa cattle-killing were neither irrational nor atavistic. Ironically, it was probably because they were so rational and so appropriate that they ultimately proved to be so deadly.
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Neethling, S. J. "Xhosa nicknames." South African Journal of African Languages 14, no. 2 (January 1994): 88–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02572117.1994.10587036.

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Dlali, Mawande. "Proverbs as an agent of cultural wisdom and identity among the Xhosa speaking people." Lexicographica 39, no. 1 (November 1, 2023): 7–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/lex-2023-0002.

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Abstract The Xhosa speaking people, in common with other African people, possess a rich folklore tradition comprising mostly of tales, proverbs, riddles and poetry. Of these verbal arts, proverbs are by far the most frequently employed, in a number of ways for different purposes. In their daily communication, the Xhosa speaking people often resort to proverbs as an important and most effective strategy to optimize the rhetorical effectiveness of their speech messages. Because proverbs are frequently used in normal, everyday speech situations, the Xhosa speaking people, like any other African communities, assign great socio-cultural importance to the proverbs. This paper explores the moral nature and significance of the Xhosa proverbs which contribute to the norms and conventions and cultural wisdom well-ordered society. In the Xhosa culture, a feeling for language, imagery and expression of abstract ideas through compressed and allusive phraseology is realized in proverbs. Data were gathered from two published sources in Xhosa language titled Izaci namaqhalo esiXhosa by EWM Mesatywa (1954) and IsiXhosa 4 by JA du Plessis (1978). The data for this paper also included my knowledge, experience and introspection, based on being a Xhosa native speaker and experienced academic in language-related culture dimensions of African languages.
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Kaschula, Russell H. "Xhosa literary history: towards transformation in selected Xhosa novels." South African Journal of African Languages 23, no. 2 (January 2003): 60–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02572117.2003.10587207.

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Muyangwa, M. M., and W. N. Mvakade. "English and Xhosa as Media of Instruction and Academic Performance of Pupils Whose Mother Tongue is Xhosa." Psychological Reports 82, no. 1 (February 1998): 58. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1998.82.1.58.

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To study the relative effects of English and Xhosa as media of instruction on the academic performance of pupils whose mother tongue is Xhosa, 34 girls from among 60 doing Needlework and Clothing as a Standard Seven school subject were selected randomly. The girls were 15 to 17 years old. They were divided into equal groups of 17 on a random basis. Those who were taught in their mother tongue (Xhosa) performed significantly better than those taught in English.
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OPLAND, J., and J. A. Louw. "XHOSA ORAL POETRY." South African Journal of African Languages 5, sup1 (January 1985): 155–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02572117.1985.10586640.

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Buthelezi, Mbongiseni. "Xhosa History Preserved." Journal of Southern African Studies 40, no. 4 (July 4, 2014): 883–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03057070.2014.933046.

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Horder, Jamie. "Xhosa schizophrenia genetics." Nature Human Behaviour 4, no. 3 (March 2020): 237. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41562-020-0845-6.

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Carstens, Vicki, and Loyiso Mletshe. "Radical Defectivity: Implications of Xhosa Expletive Constructions." Linguistic Inquiry 46, no. 2 (April 2015): 187–242. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/ling_a_00180.

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In Xhosa VSO clauses, subject agreement exhibits default features, objects cannot be pronominalized, a subject focus reading is obligatory, and experiencer verbs with two DP arguments are precluded. We argue that impoverished versions of T and v* in VSO clauses lack the probe features involved in subject agreement, EPP, object shift, and nominative/accusative valuation within Xhosa SVO sentences. Only an unusual focus-linked strategy can Case-license full DPs in VSO clauses, but this is incompatible with inherent Cases borne by arguments of experiencer verbs. We show that CPs and augmentless NPs appear in positions where DPs cannot surface because uCase is a feature of D. Given the striking evidence for abstract Case in Xhosa, we propose Case-friendly analyses for Bantu Case-theoretic anomalies that Xhosa shares.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Xhosa"

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Mletshe, Loyiso Kevin. "Deverbal nominals in Xhosa." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/5402.

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Thesis (PhD (African Languages))--University of Stellenbosch, 2010.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The relationship between deverbative noun classification and their effect on the semantic meaning of the derived deverbal nominal has been the focus of many studies in linguistics, with special reference to African languages in recent years. The study maintains that the descriptive analysis of deverbal nominals in African languages does not fully interrogate the predicate argument structures of the verbs that host these deverbal nominals. This thesis is an investigation of how the syntactic properties of verbs from which deverbal nouns are derived are invoked in explaining the argument structure and event structure properties of deverbal nouns, particularly in Xhosa. The analysis presented here is situated in terms of a lexical semantic representation drawing on Pustejovsky (1996) and Busa (1996), which aims to capture linguistically relevant components of meaning. Chapter 1 presents the purpose and aims of the study, and states the theoretical paradigm on which this study is couched, namely Pustejovsky’s (1996) generative lexicon theory as well as the methodology for conducting the research. Chapter 2 contains a literature review on deverbal nominals in African languages. This chapter explores the general definitions of concepts, the descriptive nature of deverbal nominals from various African languages, noun classification and the morphology of African nouns. Chapter 3 reports on an examination of the generative lexicon theory. This theory contains multiple levels of representation for different types of lexical information required, namely the argument structure, the event structure, the qualia structure and the lexical inherent structure. For the purposes of this study, the first three levels of representation were used for analysis. Chapter 4 contains the systematic classification of deverbal nominals that are derived from various semantic verb classes and are considered under their derivation from intransitive, transitive and di-transitive verbs, respectively. The first lexical schematic representation for each verb class gives a classification of various deverbal noun classes 1, 3, 5, 7, 8, 9, 11 and 14 in instances where the noun class applies. The second schematic representation details how these various verb classes are classified/categorised in terms of their semantic type. There are various noun class nominalisations for each verb class, which serve as a representative for each group of the various verb classes. Chapter 5 provides a detailed analysis of various deverbal nouns derived from different verb classes utilising the generative lexicon theory as a source of reference, particularly the first three levels of representation. The compositionality and the semanticality of derived nominals within the predicate argument structures are demonstrated. Chapter 6 summarises the findings of all previous chapters in this study.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die verhouding tussen die klassifikasie van deverbatiewe selfstandige naamwoorde en hul uitwerking op die semantiese betekenis van die afgeleide deverbatiewe nominaal was die fokus van talle studies in linguistiek, met spesiale verwysing na Afrikatale in die afgelope jare. Hierdie studie doen aan die hand dat die deskriptiewe analise van deverbatiewe nominale in Afrikatale nie die predikaat-argumentstrukture van die werkwoorde wat hierdie deverbatiewe nominale bevat, ondersoek nie. Die tesis behels ’n ondersoek na die manier waarop die sintaktiese eienskappe van werkwoorde waaruit deverbatiewe selfstandige naamwoorde afgelei word, aangewend word om die argumentstruktuur- en gebeurestruktuureienskappe van deverbatiewe selfstandige naamwoorde, veral in Xhosa, te verklaar. Die analise is gegrond op ’n leksikaal-semantiese ontlening aan Pustejovsky (1996) en Busa (1996), met die doel om linguisties toepaslike betekeniskomponente vas te lê. In hoofstuk 1 word die doel en doelstellings van die studie uiteengesit, asook die teoretiese paradigma waarop die studie berus, naamlik Pustejovsky (1996) se generatieweleksikonteorie. Die navorsingsmetodologie word ook in hierdie hoofstuk uiteengesit. Hoofstuk 2 bevat ’n literatuuroorsig oor deverbatiewe nominale in Afrikatale. In hierdie hoofstuk word ondersoek ingestel na die algemene definisies van konsepte, die beskrywende aard van deverbatiewe nominale in verskeie Afrikatale, die klassifikasie van selfstandige naamwoorde asook die morfologie van selfstandige naamwoorde in Afrikatale. In hoofstuk 3 word verslag gedoen oor die ondersoek van die generatieweleksikon-teorie. Hierdie teorie bevat veelvuldige vlakke van verteenwoordiging vir verskillende soorte leksikale inligting wat vereis word, naamlik die argumentstruktuur, die gebeurestruktuur, die qualiastruktuur en die leksikaal-inherente struktuur. Vir die doel van hierdie studie is op die eerste drie vlakke van verteenwoordiging tydens die analise gefokus. Hoofstuk 4 bevat die stelselmatige klassifikasie van deverbatiewe nominale wat uit verskeie semantiese werkwoordklasse afkomstig is, en oorweging geniet op grond van hul afstamming van onderskeidelik intransitiewe, transitiewe en ditransitiewe werkwoorde. Die eerste leksikaal-skematiese verteenwoordiging vir elke werkwoordklas gee ’n klassifikasie van verskeie klasse van deverbatiewe selfstandige naamwoorde, naamlik 1, 3, 5, 7, 8, 9, 11 en 14, in gevalle waar die selfstandigenaamwoordklas van toepassing is. Die tweede skematiese verteenwoordiging sit uiteen hoe hierdie verskillende werkwoordklasse in terme van hul semantiese soort geklassifiseer/gekategoriseer word. Daar is verskeie nominaliserings vir selfstandigenaamwoordklasse vir elke werkwoordklas, wat as ’n verteenwoordiging vir elke groep van die onderskeie werkwoordklasse dien. Hoofstuk 5 bevat ’n gedetailleerde analise van verskeie deverbatiewe selfstandige naamwoorde wat uit verskillende werkwoordklasse afgelei is met behulp van die generatieweleksikon-teorie as ’n verwysingsbron, spesifiek die eerste drie vlakke van verteenwoordiging. Die samestelling en semantiek van afgeleide nominale in die predikaatargument-strukture word ten toon gestel. Hoofstuk 6 bevat ’n opsomming van die bevindinge in die voorafgaande hoofstukke.
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Smith, P. N. "Resilience in Xhosa families." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/1478.

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Thesis (DPhil (Psychology))—University of Stellenbosch, 2006.
This study addresses unprivileged dichotomies in an endeavour to make audible the silence surrounding Xhosa family resilience. This study is essentially descriptive and exploratory in nature and directed towards an understanding of the factors contributing to the resilience of Xhosa-speaking, rural black South African families. To contextualise the discussion a selection of theories on resilience are viewed within their cultural contexts. Western psychology’s privileging of a) the scrutiny of pathology while disregarding resilience; of b) white participants to black participants; and c) individuality to relationship centeredness and familial systems; are uncovered and a hypothetical understanding of Xhosa family resilience is construed. The line of thought culminates in the theoretical discussion and empirical exploration of The Resiliency Model of Family Stress, Adjustment and Adaptation (McCubbin, Thompson, & McCubbin, 1996). In the concluding remarks of this project an adaptation of this model, namely the Resiliency Model of Family Stress, Strength, Adjustment and Adaptation, is construed. The derived model is based on an integration of the findings of this study with resilience theory.
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Majova, Ernest Kollie. "Relational nouns in Xhosa." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/52428.

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Thesis (MA)--Stellenbosch University, 2001.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Relational nouns are dependent on one another in terms of how they themselves denote e.g. brother and neigbour denote individually standing in relation to at least one other individual in specific nouns. This study has established how relational nouns are treated in Xhosa. The study has focused on horizontal relations with a semantic feature of [± sibling] and hierarchical relations with two distingualising semantic features: [± dependent] and [± kinship]. According to these two types of relations the study has then been divided into two main sections, i.e. non-kinship relational nouns with vertical and horizontal relation with and without any dependency. The second part concentrated on kinship terms with emphasis on names such as marriage, lineal and collateral descent and in-laws. Various semantic features for kinship terms have been developed.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Relasionele naamwoorde is afhanklik van mekaar in terme van hoedanig hulle self betekenis aandui, bv. Broer en buurman dui individue aan wat in verhouding staan met ten minste een ander individu op spesifieke maniere. Hierdie studie het vasgestel hoe relasionale naamwoorde in Xhosa behandel word. Die studie het gefokus op horisontale verhoudings met 'n semantiese kenmerk van [± verwantskap] en hiërargiese verhoudings met twee onderskeie semantiese kenmerke: [±afhanklik] en [± verwantskap]. Volgens hierdie twee tipes verhoudings is die studie verdeel in twee hoofafdelings, dit is relasionele naamwoorde met geen verwantskap met vertikale en horisontale verhoudings met en sonder enige afhanklikheid. Die tweede deel konsentreer op verwantskapsterme met nadruk op sake soos die huwelik, bloedverwante in die regstreekse linie en in die syline sowel as die aangetroude familie. Verskeie semantiese kenmerke vir verwantskapsterme is ontwikkel.
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Bottoman, Ntombesizwe. "The adjective in Xhosa." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/52480.

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Thesis (MA)--Stellenbosch University, 2001
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Adjectives in Xhosa represent a small, closed class of descriptive nominal modifiers, which are categorized as the adjective because of their morphological behaviour, i.e. they all have to appear with the prefix of the noun which is the head of the Noun Phrase. There are other nominal modifiers in Xhosa, which may have the same descriptive function as the small class of morphological adjectives. Attention focuses on the relative clauses and descriptive possessives. The term "Adjective" in Xhosa includes the semantic adjective. Various scholars define the adjective as a distinct category by establishing specific criteria for. Semantic prototypes with noun, adjective and verb types, i.e. semantic types according to Dixon (1991) are considered. Semantic types in Xhosa may also have this feature. The following categoreis have been considered: morphological adjective, descriptive possessive, relative clauses, i.e. nominal relative clauses and the verbal relative clauses. With regard to the morphological adjective: Some basic notions on the morphological adjectives, specifically the morphology of adjectives, adjectival phrases, the distribution of the adjectives, comparison and the co-ordinated adjectives, and the definite morpheme are dealt with. The following values have been dealt with regarding the structure of the relative clause, i.e. the nominal relative clause with the definite morpheme [a], the copulative verb and the nominal relative complements of the copulative verbs. Two issues have been discussed in the case of the descriptive possessive: firstly, where the descriptive part is the head of the Noun Phrase with meanings such as groups, nouns denoting quantity, cardinal numbers, the partitives, units of measure and mass, humans with the features of psychological and physical features, the infinitive clause, and secondly, the descriptive part is the complement of the preposition [-a-].
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Adjektiewe in Xhosa verteenwoordig 'n klein geslote klas van deskriptiewe nominale bepalers wat as 'n adjektief kategorie beskou word op grond van hul morfologie, di.i. hulle moet almal voorkom saam met die prefiks van die naamwoord wat die kern is van die naamwoordgroep. Daar is ander nominale bepalers in Xhosa wat dieselfde deskriptiewe funksie as die klein klas van morfologiese adjektiewe kan hê. Aandag is gegee an die relatiewe en deskriptiewe possessiewe. Die term "adjektief" in Xhosa sluit die semantiese adjektief in: verskeie taalkundiges definieer die adjektief as 'n aparte kategorie deur spesifieke kriteria vir adjektiewe te bepaal. Semantiese prototipes met naamwoorde, adjektiewe en werkwoordtipes, d.i. semantiese tipes volgens Dixon (1991) is ondersoek. Semantiese tipes in Xhosa kan ook hierdie kenmerk hê. Die volgende kategorieë is ondersoek: Morfologiese adjektief, deskriptiewe possessief, relatief klouse waaronder nominale en werkwoordelike relatiewe klause. Met verwysing na die morfologiese adjektief: sekere basiese begrippe ten opsigte van die morfologiese adjektief is nagegaan, waaronder spesiefiek die morfologie van adjektiewe, adjektief frases, die distribusie van die adjektiewe, vergelyking en die neweskikkende adjektiewe sowel as die bepaaldheidsmorfeem. Die volgende sake is oorweeg met betrekking tot die struktuur van die relatief klous: die nominale relatief klous met die bepaaldheidsmorfeem [-a-], die kapulatiewe werkwoord en die nominale relatiewe komplemente van die kopulatiewe werkwoorde. Twee sake is bespreek in die geval van die deskriptiewe possessief: eerstens, die deskriptiewe deel is die kern van die naamwoordfrase met betekenisse soos groepe, naamwoorde wat kwantiteit aandui, hooftelwoorde, partitiewe, eenhede van maat en massa, mense met sielkundige en fisiese kenmerke, die infinitief klous,· en tweedens die deskriptiewe deel is die komplement van die preposisie [-a-].
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Claughton, John Sellick. "The tonology of Xhosa." Thesis, Rhodes University, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002171.

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This thesis is an examination of the tonology of Xhosa. After an initial survey of the surface tones of the language, and a review of previous studies of Xhosa tone, a description is given of the major tonal patterns of Xhosa noun and verb morphology. In the course of this description the major tonologica1 rules are allowed to emerge. In particular it is shown that some of these rules lead to complex patterns of variation in the pronunciation of the same individual. The derivation of the tone patterns of adjectives and relatives is discussed and it is shown that these tone patterns offer partial support for the derivation of some adjective and relative constructions as derived from embedded sentences but also support for deriving simple attributive adjective constructions by means of phrase structure rules. Some interesting tonal patterns such as that shown by reduplicated stems are then explored. The tones of loan words are then investigated and evidence for the identification of English and Afrikaans stress with high tones by Xhosa speakers is adduced. In the final chapter certain general problems of Xhosa tone are discussed. In particular it is argued that attempts to interpret the tonal system in terms of an accent are unrevealing and also it is suggested that attempts to unify the various rules that spread tones to the right are mistaken. In the appendices a comprehensive survey of the tones of Xhosa inflections is given together with a substantial list of Xhosa words with the tones marked.
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Mabona, Mongameli. "Diviners and prophets among the Xhosa : 1593-1856 : a study in Xhosa cultural history /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2001. http://www.ub.unibe.ch/content/bibliotheken_sammlungen/sondersammlungen/dissen_bestellformular/index_ger.html.

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Dlayedwa, Ntombizodwa Cynthia. "Valency-reducing processes in Xhosa." Thesis, University of Essex, 2002. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.394291.

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Williams, Sinazo Onela. "Xhosa men's constructions of depression." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/71590.

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The research aimed to use social constructionism as a methodology to explore Xhosa men’s constructions of depression. The theoretical framework chosen for this research was intersectionality. Purposive sampling was conducted to obtain between four to six participants who self-identified as Xhosa men. In the end four participants were interviewed through semi structured interviews. Interviews were conducted in the language of convenience for the participants. This was noted to be a mixture of English and isiXhosa. The interviews were transcribed and translated to English. Thematic analysis was used as a method of analysis. The analysis followed a systematic process which consists of six steps that were proposed by Braun and Clarke. Emerging themes related to how culture influenced Xhosa men’s constructions of depression, how masculinity influences Xhosa men’s constructions of depression, and How masculinity and the Xhosa culture intersect and interact in men’s constructions of depression. The findings showed that Xhosa men valued and accepted their cultural values, and gender roles, and thus their constructions of depression were influenced by that. The findings also revealed that depression also played a role in how Xhosa men construct gender and their culture. Hence highlighting the idea of intersectionality.
Mini Dissertation (MA)--University of Pretoria, 2019.
DST-NRF Centre of Excellence in Human Development
Psychology
MA (Clinical Psychology)
Unrestricted
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Manjiya, Monelwa Precious. "The speech act of complaining in isiXhosa." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/52579.

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Thesis (MA)--Stellenbosch University, 2001.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This study investigates the speech act of complaining in Xhosa. It is organized into six chapters. Chapter 1 states the aim of the study. The method, design and the organization of the study are also presented. In Chapter 2 the speech acts and politeness theories are presented as the basic framework of this study. It is clear that people do not only produce utterances, which contain grammatical structures and words when attempting to express themselves, but they always perform actions via those utterances. The actions people perform via their utterances are done in accordance within a certain area of linguistic pragmatics. Chapter 3 deals with the speech act of complaining as discussed by various theorists. Chapter 4 is concerned with complaints strategies. Here it is revealed that one must be able to voice one's annoyance or anger while at the same time it is important to avoid embarrassment by creating a situation in which it becomes impossible for him/her to face the aversiveness of taking the blame. Chapter 5 deals with complaint situations in Xhosa. In order to make sense of what is said during an interaction, various factors have been examined, which relate to social distance and closeness. The relative status of the participants is based on social values. Complaint situations are divided into three social groups: power relations, friendship and strangers. Power relations involve people of superior and low status. This group is divided into two subgroups: people with superior status to people with low status and vice versa; those speakers with a lower status in a Xhosa speaking context tend to mark social distance between themselves and higher status speakers. Among friends, there is no social distance because people tend to treat one another as equals. The same is true of strangers, although they don't know each other; they tend to treat one another with mutual respect. Most of the time complaints in Xhosa express disapproval or negative feelings towards the source of the complaint. Complaints sometimes can be impolite. They can lead to conflict as they are sometimes very threatening, accusing and cursing. That is why a number of strategies have been introduced to a complainant who wants to avoid direct confrontation with the complainee. The indirect accusation strategy is the number one tool, which is always used by the complainers to avoid conflict, unlike annoyance, direct accusation and explicit blame of the accused's action or of the accused as a person. People who use indirect accusations do not want to run the risk of losing face, unlike the direct accusation, which is face-threatening. Responding to a complaint is also an important factor as it promotes further interaction. Response serves as a way of displaying interest in what the speaker is saying. It has been noticed that response gives the speakers the opportunity to voice their feelings. Finally, Chapter 6 presents the conclusions of the investigation and the main findings of the study are summarized.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie studie ondersoek die spraakhandeling van klagte in Xhosa. Dit is georganiseer in ses hoofstukke. Hoofstuk 1 bied die doelstelling van die studie. Die metode, ontwerp en organisasie van die studie word ook bespreek. In Hoofstuk2 word die spraakhandelinge en beleefdheidsteorieë bespreek as die raamwerk van die studie. Dit word duidelik gemaak dat mense nie slegs uitinge produseer wat grammatikale strukture en woorde bevat nie, maar hulle voer altyd aksies uit via die uitinge. Hierdie aksies wat mense uitvoer via hulle uitinge word gedoen in ooreenstemming in bepaalde area van linguistiese pragmatiek. Hoofstuk 3 behandel in die besonder die spraakhandeling van klagte soos ondersoek deur verskillende navorsers. Hoofstuk 4 behandel klagte-strategieë. Hier word aangedui dat 'n spreker in staat moet wees om hy/sy se ontevredenheid of woede te lug terwyl dit terselfdertyd belangrik is om verleentheid te vermy deur die skep van 'n situasie waar dit vir hom/haar onmoontlik maak om te staan te kom voor die neem van die blaam. Hoofstuk 5 ondersoek klagte-situasies in Xhosa. Ten einde sin te maak oor wat gesê word en 'n interaksie, is verskeie faktore ondersoek wat verband hou met sosiale opstand en nabyheid. Die realtiewe status van die deelnemers word gebaseer op sosiale waardes. Klagte-situasies kan verdeel word in terme van drie sosiale groepe: magsverhoudinge, vriendskap en vreemdelingskap. Magsverhoudinge hou verband met die verhoudinge tussen mense met hoë en lae status. Hierdie groep word verdeel in twee sub-groepe: mense met superieuse status en mense met lae status en omgekeerd. Persone met 'n laer status in 'n Xhosasprekende konteks is geneig om sosiale afstand te markeer tussen hulleself en hoër status sprekers. Daar is geen sosiale opstand tussen vriende nie, omdat sulke persone geneig is om mekaar as gelykes te behandel. Dieselfde is waar van vreemdelinge, want alhoewel hulle mekaar nie ken nie, is hulle geneig om mekaar met respek te behandel. Die meeste van die klagtes oor tyd in Xhosa gee druk misnoeë of negatiewe gevoelens uit met betrekking tot die bron van die klagte. Klagtes kan soms onbeleefd wees. Hulle kan lei tot konflik, aangesien hulle soms baie bedreigend aantygend en beledigend kan wees. Daarom is 'n aantal strategieë beskikbaar vir 'n klaer wat direkte konfrontasie wil vermy teenoor die persoon waarteen gekla word. Die indirekte aantyging strategie is die voorkeur strategie wat deur die klaers gebruik word kom konflik te vermy, in teenstelling met kwaad word direkte aantyging en eksplisiete blaam van die aangetygde persoon se aksie of die persoon self. Persone wat indirekte aantygings gebruik, wil nie die risiko loop om "gesig" (face) te verloor nie, in teenstelling met die direkte aantyging, wat gesig-bedreiging is. Om te reageer op 'n klagte, is ook 'n belangrike faktor, aangesien dit verdere interaksie aanmoedig. Die gee van 'n reaksie is 'n wyse om aan te toon dat daar belangstelling is in wat die spreker sê. Daar is aangetoon dat 'n reaksie vir sprekers die geleentheid gee om hulle gevoelens te lug. Laastens, gee Hoofstuk 6 die gevolgtrekkings van die ondersoek, en die belangrikste bevindinge van die studie word opgesom.
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Siswana, Anele. "Ulwaluko kwa Xhosa: young Xhosa men's lived experiences in the context of traditional male initiation." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1020840.

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This thesis explores the lived experiences of young amaXhosa men in relation to U!walukokwa Xhosa (traditional male initiation [TMI]) and its impact on their sense of masculinity. The conceptual framework of this study is located within African epistemology focusing on indigenous knowledge systems (IKS) in South Africa. The study aimed at enabling young amaXhosa men who had undergone TMI to reflect on their first-hand, personal accounts of Ulwa/ukokwa Xhosa and manhood. Six semistructured interviews and a follow up focus group discussion were held with 23-27 years old amaXhosa men residing in Joza Township in Grahamstown, Eastern Cape. Participants were identified through purposive sampling. The thesis reports on the following findings: (a) the significance of the place/location of initiation, and the guise of modernity; (b) feelings of anticipation experienced by the young men; (c) the theme on ubudoda(manhood) affirmation Ndiyindoda!; (d) the theme on the concealment of pain (perseverance); (e) the theme on respect for self and others and ubuntu;(f) Uzimelegeqe (independence and autonomy) and (g) social role and responsibility. The paper argues for the relevance of TMI as a significantrite of passage from boyhood to manhood among amaXhosa men.
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Books on the topic "Xhosa"

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Silvia, Skorge, and Magona Sindiwe, eds. Clicking with Xhosa: A Xhosa phrasebook. Cape Town: D. Philip, 2001.

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Plessis, J. A. Du. Xhosa syntax. Pretoria: Via Afrika, 1992.

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Collins (Firm : London, England), ed. Xhosa phrasebook. London: Collins, 2008.

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Mgenge, Mziwenkosi Norman. Intsinde: Xhosa poetry. Johannesburg: Educum Publishers, 1988.

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M, Xozwa L. W. Ingcaza ka-Xhosa. Goodwood [South Africa]: Via Afrika, 1988.

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Makhuphula, Nombulelo. Xhosa fireside tales. Johannesburg: Seriti sa Sechaba Publishers, 1988.

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Tyhali, T. Umthunywa: Xhosa poetry. Johannesburg: Educum, 1987.

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Duka, M. M. Ibetho: Xhosa poetry. Cape Town: Juta, 1987.

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Einhorn, E. Xhosa: A concise manual. Cape Town: College of Careers, 1993.

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Delport, Deon. An introduction to Xhosa. Pietermaritzburg: Shuter & Shooter, 1994.

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Book chapters on the topic "Xhosa"

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Raum, O. F. "Die Heiler bei den südafrikanischen Xhosa." In Traditionelle Heilkundige — Ärztliche Persönlichkeiten im Vergleich der Kulturen und medizinischen Systeme / Traditional Healers — Iatric Personalities in Different Cultures and medical Systems, 145–70. Wiesbaden: Vieweg+Teubner Verlag, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-663-13901-0_14.

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Hirst, Manton M. "Some Ideas about Dying and Death among the Western Xhosa." In Sterben und Tod Eine kulturvergleichende Analyse, 103–16. Wiesbaden: Vieweg+Teubner Verlag, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-322-88770-2_13.

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de Klerk, Vivian. "Encounters with English over three generations in a Xhosa family." In Varieties of English Around the World, 97. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/veaw.g19.11dek.

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Gilmour, Rachael. "Colonization and Linguistic Representation: British Methodist Grammarians' Approaches to Xhosa (1834-1850)." In Missionary Linguistics/Lingüística misionera, 113. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/sihols.106.11gil.

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Zimmerman, Tegan. "Fiction as a Spider’s Web? Ananse and Gender in Karen Lord’s Speculative Folktale Redemption in Indigo." In Chronotropics, 271–89. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-32111-5_15.

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AbstractKaren Lord’s speculative folktale Redemption in Indigo (2010) engages the other-wordly or un-worldly to explore Caribbean social justice issues such as race, gender, and class inequality. Demonstrating her trickster powers, Lord merges folk gods and hero(ines) from different African traditions, for example Akan, Ashanti, Xhosa, and Karamba, with those found in Caribbean cultures. This syncretic textual strategy not only emphasizes the subversive, liminal qualities of both Ananse, the African-Caribbean folk figure, and Anansesem in challenging colonial metanarratives of time and space that have erased, denigrated, or falsely represented the African-Caribbean woman but also critiques masculinist versions of Ananse and traditionally male-dominated Anansesem. By contrast, Lord’s antipatriarchal, anticolonial account foregrounds Ananse’s feminine qualities and empowered female figures: the nonbinary storyteller, the heroine Paama, and the goddess Atabey. In doing so, Lord offers a new futuristic, feminocentric Ananse story whose weblike concentric patterns interweave the African past with the Caribbean present, the ancestral homeland with the diaspora.
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Haron, Muhammed. "Nguni (Xhosa and Zulu-Speaking) Communities and Islamic Culture: Meeting Traditions, Fusing Cultures." In Encyclopedia of African Religions and Philosophy, 509–15. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-024-2068-5_288.

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Scott, Lwando. "Queering the Postcolony: Same-Sex Desire and Xhosa Culture in Postcolonial South Africa." In The SAGE Handbook of Global Sexualities, 422–41. 1 Oliver's Yard, 55 City Road London EC1Y 1SP: SAGE Publications Ltd, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4135/9781529714364.n20.

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Diko, Nolutho. "‘Get This Straight, that is (Not) My Name’, Retorts a Xhosa Speaking Woman." In Names Fashioned by Gender, 139–49. London: Routledge, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781032628301-11.

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Masha, Khanyisile Rose, and Ilse du Toit. "Xhosa Female Initiates' (Intonjane) Perceptions of Meanings and Values Attached to Their New Names." In Names Fashioned by Gender, 127–38. London: Routledge, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781032628301-10.

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Finlayson, Rosalie, and Sarah Slabbert. "‘What turns you on!’: An Exploration of Urban South African Xhosa and Zulu Youth Texts." In New Language Bearings in Africa, edited by Margaret Jepkirui Muthwii and Angelina Nduku Kioko, 69–76. Bristol, Blue Ridge Summit: Multilingual Matters, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.21832/9781853597282-006.

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Conference papers on the topic "Xhosa"

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Louw, Philippa H., Justus C. Roux, and Elizabeth C. Botha. "Synthesizing prosody for commands in a Xhosa TTS system." In 6th International Conference on Spoken Language Processing (ICSLP 2000). ISCA: ISCA, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.21437/icslp.2000-528.

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Pretorius, Laurette, and Sonja Bosch. "Exploiting cross-linguistic similarities in Zulu and Xhosa computational morphology." In the First Workshop. Morristown, NJ, USA: Association for Computational Linguistics, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.3115/1564508.1564526.

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"The Comprehension of Medical Words - Cross-lingual Experiments in French and Xhosa." In International Conference on Health Informatics. SCITEPRESS - Science and and Technology Publications, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.5220/0004803803340342.

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Tornich, Carolina de Campos. "Os silêncios na arte contemporânea sul-africana a partir de Willie Bester." In Encontro de História da Arte. Universidade Estadual de Campinas, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.20396/eha.12.2017.4503.

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Willie Bester é um artista sul-africano que tem sua história marcada pelo silêncio. Nascido em Montagu, próximo à Cidade do Cabo em 1956, é filho de mãe xhosa e pai classificado como “coloured” pela classificação elaborada pelo regime do apartheid. Sua origem demonstra uma fuga ao comum, já que na época não esperava-se que houvesse união entre "diferentes". Bester, fruto de tal união, foi classificado como "other coloure" e viveu segregado em uma township durante toda a sua infância.
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Ngcoza, Kenneth Mlungisi. "NEGOTIATING BOUNDARY CROSSING FROM TRADITIONAL OR INDIGENOUS KNOWLEDGE TO MODERN WESTERN SCIENCE: A SOUTH AFRICAN XHOSA PERSPECTIVE." In International Conference on Education and New Learning Technologies. IATED, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.21125/edulearn.2017.0456.

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Luwes, Nicolaas Johannes, and James Swart. "The relationship between demographics and the academic achievement of engineering students." In Third International Conference on Higher Education Advances. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica València, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/head17.2017.5206.

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The changing structure of student populations or cohorts over decades’ produces changing academic achievements or results. This may be due to a number of factors, including the school education system, the political system and the sociocultural system. The aim of this paper is to analyse the relationship between student demographics and the academic achievement of undergraduate engineering students over a 15-year period. A longitudinal descriptive study is used to determine the relationships between specific variables that existed between 1998 and 2013. These variables include gender, age and home languages of students that are contrasted to their final grade in a compulsory Design Projects module. Students need to obtain more than 50% to successfully complete this module, with the results indicating greater success for students with an Afrikaans or IsiZulu mother tongue than compared to students with a Sesotho, Setswana or Xhosa mother tongue. Younger students, less than 21 years of age, have a higher pass rate than older students who are more than 24 years of age. Finally, males outnumber females by more than 3:1. However, their final overall pass rates differ by only 3%, suggesting that both genders performed equally well in the Design Projects module. A key recommendation is to provide additional academic support to older students who may be struggling to synthesize knowledge and skills from a wide number of modules
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