Academic literature on the topic 'Xhosa (African people) – South Africa – Cape Town'
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Journal articles on the topic "Xhosa (African people) – South Africa – Cape Town"
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Bähre, Erik. "WITCHCRAFT AND THE EXCHANGE OF SEX, BLOOD, AND MONEY AMONG AFRICANS IN CAPE TOWN, SOUTH AFRICA." Journal of Religion in Africa 32, no. 3 (2002): 300–334. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/157006602760599935.
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AbstractIn post-apartheid South Africa witchcraft is an ever-growing concern, as political liberation has not led to liberation from occult forces. The study of modernity and globalisation has revealed the significance of the study of witchcraft in contemporary Africa. Among Xhosa migrants in Cape Town the discourse on witchcraft also revealed very specific problems that people encountered within close relationships. The lived conflicts, anxieties and desires were revealed in the exchange of sex, blood (as a metaphor for life itself ), and money. This same pattern of exchange appeared in witchcraft, and particularly the role of witch familiars. Witch familiars embodied the anxieties and desires that people experienced on a daily basis concerning sex, blood, and flows of money in intimate relations. The structural problems that were part of the migrants' social configurations were thus revealed in a structural pattern of exchange within witchcraft.
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Hiller, Rachel M., Sarah L. Halligan, Mark Tomlinson, Jackie Stewart, Sarah Skeen, and Hope Christie. "Post-trauma coping in the context of significant adversity: a qualitative study of young people living in an urban township in South Africa." BMJ Open 7, no. 10 (2017): e016560. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2017-016560.
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ObjectiveCompared with knowledge of the post-trauma needs of young people living in developed countries, little is known about the needs of those in low-middle-income countries. Such information is crucial, particularly as young people in these environments can be at increased risk of experiencing trauma, coupled with less available resources for formal support. The aim of this study was to explore post-trauma coping and support-seeking of young people living in a high-adversity settlement in South Africa.DesignSemistructured qualitative interviews analysed using thematic analysis.SettingAn urban settlement (‘township’) in Cape Town, South Africa.Participants25 young people, aged 13–17 years, who had experienced trauma. Events included serious car accidents, hearing of a friend’s violent death, and rape, and all reported having experienced multiple traumatic events. All participants identified as black South African and spoke Xhosa as their first language.ResultsSocial support was considered key to coping after trauma, although the focus of the support differed depending on the source. Parents would most commonly provide practical support, particularly around safety. Peers often provided an avenue to discuss the event and young person’s emotional well-being more openly. Outside of social support another key theme was that there were numerous community-level barriers to participants receiving support following trauma. Many young people continued to be exposed to the perpetrator of the event, while there was also the realistic concern around future traumas and safety, community stigma and a perceived lack of justice.ConclusionThis study provides insight into how young people cope and seek support following trauma when they are living in a context of significant adversity and risk. Overall, most young people identified helpful sources of support and thought talking about the event was a useful strategy, but concerns around safety and trust could impede this process.
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Mesthrie, Rajend, and Ellen Hurst. "Slang registers, code-switching and restructured urban varieties in South Africa." Journal of Pidgin and Creole Languages 28, no. 1 (2013): 103–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/jpcl.28.1.04mes.
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This paper examines the status of an informal urban variety in Cape Town known as Tsotsitaal. Similar varieties, going by a plethora of names (Flaaitaal, Iscamtho, Ringas) have been described in other South African cities, especially Johannesburg, Pretoria and Durban (see also Sheng in Kenyan cities). This paper seeks to describe the essential characteristics of Cape Town Tsotsitaal, which is based on Xhosa, and to argue for its continuity with similar varieties in other South African cities. However, this continuity eventually calls into question many of the previous assumptions in the literature about Tsotsitaal and its analogues: e.g. the thesis that these varieties necessarily involve code-switching, or that they are pidgins, even ones that are creolising in some areas. More generally, this paper serves several purposes: (a) to comment on and elucidate why there is a proliferation of often contradictory names, (b) to examine the degree and types of switching in the different varieties, and (c) to clarify the relationship between what are essentially tsotsitaal registers and the urban languages they are part of.
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Okpechi, Ikechi G., Brian L. Rayner, and Charles R. Swanepoel. "Peritoneal Dialysis in Cape Town, South Africa." Peritoneal Dialysis International: Journal of the International Society for Peritoneal Dialysis 32, no. 3 (2012): 254–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.3747/pdi.2011.00100.
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BackgroundChronic kidney disease is a major public health problem in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), which encompasses 70% of the least-developed countries in the world. Most people in SSA have no access to any form of renal replacement therapy (RRT). Given its ease of performance and patient independence, peritoneal dialysis (PD) should be an ideal form of RRT in SSA, but several complex and interdependent factors make PD a difficult option in SSA. The present review describes the practice of PD in SSA, with emphasis on Cape Town, South Africa.Methods and ResultsAfter a review of the recent PubMed literature on RRT in SSA and an appraisal of nephrology practice in South Africa, factors that make the provision of RRT (especially PD) a challenge in SSA include the low number of qualified health care workers, socio-demographic issues (poor housing, electricity, and water supplies), and the cost of PD fluids in the region. Although South Africa has the largest PD population in all of SSA, the growth of PD in South Africa is specifically impeded by the system of RRT rationing, which favors HD; the methods of funding for dialysis and for remuneration of doctors in private practice; and many other socio-economic factors. The peritonitis rate remains relatively high, and it is a significant contributor to morbidity in PD patients in Cape Town.ConclusionsIn many parts of SSA, PD could be the main dialysis modality. However, African governments must start taking responsibility for their people by providing adequate funds for renal replacement programs. Attempts to produce PD fluids locally and to train and educate health care workers will greatly improve the use of PD as a RRT option in SSA.
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Niehaus, Dana, Esme Jordaan, Riana Laubscher, Taryn Sutherland, Liezl Koen, and Felix Potocnik. "Do South African Xhosa-Speaking People with Schizophrenia Really Fare Better?" GeroPsych 33, no. 1 (2020): 31–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1024/1662-9647/a000217.
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Abstract. Objectives: Results from multinational WHO studies suggest that schizophrenia patients in developing countries may have more favorable prognoses and morbidity outcomes than those in developed settings. This study serves to establish whether mortality outcomes in South African Xhosa-speaking schizophrenia patients are more favorable than in the general South African population. Methods: We recruited a group of 981 patients from September 1997 to March 2005 as part of a genetic study in the Western, Southern, and Eastern Cape provinces of South Africa. For this substudy, participants were included when they reached the age of 60 years during the study period (8–15 years). We examined factors associated with the probability of dying and computed survival times using national census data as reference. Results: At the time of follow-up, 73 individuals were 60 years or older (21.9% could not be traced); some 40% of the sample had died at the time of the follow-up assessment (mean age at death = 60.12 years, SD = 4.97). Univariate survival analysis, using duration of disorder, revealed that the number of hospitalizations and psychotic episodes impacted survival time. Compared to the age-specific death rates of the general South African population, the death rate in the Xhosa-speaking schizophrenia sample was higher than expected in the 60–69 years category, but lower than expected in the 70+ years category. Conclusion: This study suggests that increased exposure to inpatient mental healthcare (expressed as number of hospitalizations) at baseline, and number of psychotic episodes, improve survival probability in a group of older South African Xhosa-speaking schizophrenia patients.
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Nambei Asoba, Samson, and Robertson K. Tengeh. "Analysis of start-up challenges of African immigrant-owned businesses in selected craft markets in Cape Town." Environmental Economics 7, no. 2 (2016): 97–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/ee.07(2).2016.10.
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Even though the arts and craft industry is perceived to be a significant contributor to the socio-economic development of South Africa, the plight of immigrant owed businesses that dominate this sector has been largely neglected in policy and support initiatives over the past decades. This paper aims to contribute to the inclusion debate, by examining the factors that inhibit the start-up of African immigrant-owned craft businesses in selected craft markets in the Cape Town area. A quantitative approach to data collection and analysis was adopted with snowballing as the sampling technique. Questionnaires were administered to 122 African immigrant entrepreneurs. The quantitative data was analysed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS 23). The findings indicated that limited access to bank loans, limited space, and high rental costs were the major start-up challenges. Other concerns included the relatively very short-stay permits issued by the Department of Home Affairs to immigrant entrepreneurs, the problem of complying with taxation regulations in South Africa, and the difficulty of communicating in Afrikaans and Xhosa were not perceived as start-up challenges. Recommendations were made to African immigrant entrepreneurs and selected municipal managers aimed at dealing with the start-up challenges faced by African immigrant-owned businesses
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Nasson, Bill. "‘Messing with Coloured People’: The 1918 Police Strike in Cape Town, South Africa." Journal of African History 33, no. 2 (1992): 301–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021853700032254.
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This article seeks to provide an interpretation of a strike by white policemen in Cape Town in 1918. It argues that this defensive dispute over wages and living conditions can best be understood not simply through an examination of service dissatisfaction in the urban police community, but by incorporating this episode into the larger picture of South African police development in the early decades of the present century. In this broader context, several factors seem general and influential: local social resentments over the terms of national police organization after Union; police practices and attitudes, especially in relation to the increasing recruitment of Afrikaners; the position of white working-class policemen in the ‘civilized labour’ stratification of Cape Town society; and, most visibly, the inflationary effect of the First World War on the living standards of poorly paid, disaffected and unorganized constables. It is argued that these converging pressures generated a severe crisis of work discipline in 1917 and 1918 which tipped the Cape Town police into a classical natural justice strike. While ordinary policemen were split between petitioners and younger, less hesitant radicals, there was considerable popular support for strikers’ claims, both within the Cape police body and the local white labour movement. The government used a strategy of provisional concessions to settle the dispute. In conclusion, it is suggested that the strike experience helped to strengthen associational bonds between lower-ranking policemen and that a commitment by the state to improved service conditions provided an anxious constabulary with a more secure ‘civilized labour’ identity in the post-World War I period.
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Lee, Rebekah. "DEATH ‘ON THE MOVE’: FUNERALS, ENTREPRENEURS AND THE RURAL–URBAN NEXUS IN SOUTH AFRICA." Africa 81, no. 2 (2011): 226–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0001972011000040.
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ABSTRACTThis article primarily concerns the intersection of the changing management of death with the problems and possibilities presented by the growing mobility of the African, and specifically Xhosa-speaking, population in South Africa from the latter half of the twentieth century to the present day. I am interested in how shifts in the practices and beliefs around death are mediated by individuals, households and businesses who have an historical affinity towards movement, particularly across what has been called the ‘rural–urban nexus’. In what ways has this more mobile orientation influenced the perception of rites and responsibilities surrounding death? And how have more mobile ‘ways of dying’ in turn created new subjectivities and new ways in which to imagine relations between the living and the dead? I argue that African funeral directors based in Cape Town and the rural areas of the Eastern Cape – a steadily more numerous and prominent group of entrepreneurs – are well-placed to shape these processes, through their role as cultural mediators and technological innovators, and their particular emphasis on maintaining a flow of bodies (both dead and alive) between rural and urban areas. I focus on two aspects of contemporary South African funerals – embalming and exhumations – that are suggestive of how the migration dynamic, and the continuing demands from mobile mourners for innovations via the funeral industry, have encouraged new perceptions of and relations to the dead body.
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Fioramonti, Lorenzo. "Round table report: Advancing regional social integration, social protection, and the free movement of people in Southern Africa." Regions and Cohesion 3, no. 3 (2013): 141–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/reco.2013.030308.
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The round table on “Advancing regional social integration, social protection, and free movement of people in Southern Africa” was organized as part of the conference “Regional governance of migration and social policy: Comparing European and African regional integration policies and practices” held at the University of Pretoria (South Africa) on 18–20 April 2012, at which the articles in this special issue were first presented. The discussion was moderated by Prince Mashele of the South African Centre for Politics and Research and the participants included: Yitna Getachew, IOM Regional Representative for Southern Africa, Migration Dialogue for Southern Africa (MIDSA); Jonathan Crush, University of Cape Town and Balsillie School of International Affairs, Canada, representing the Southern Africa Migration Program (SAMP); Vic van Vuuren, Director of Southern African ILO; Vivienne Taylor, South Africa Planning Commission; Sergio Calle Norena, Deputy Regional Representative of UNHCR; Laurent De Boeck, Director, ACP Observatory on Migration, Brussels; Wiseman Magasela, Deputy Director General Social Policy, South African Department of Social Development; and Sanusha Naidu, Open Society Foundation for South Africa.
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VIGOUROUX, CÉCILE B. "“The smuggling of La Francophonie”: Francophone Africans in Anglophone Cape Town (South Africa)." Language in Society 37, no. 3 (2008): 415–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0047404508080561.
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ABSTRACTFocusing on Black Francophone migrants in Cape Town, it is argued that a locally based Francophone identity has emerged in South Africa that questions the institutional discourse of La Francophonie as the organization of French-speaking states. The new identity has little to do with the organization's ideology of a transnational community of people united by a common language and culture. This is shown by deconstructing the category of passeurs de Francophonie (literally ‘smugglers of la Francophonie’ as practice) to which the organization assigns migrants in non-Francophone countries who allegedly spread the French language and Francophone culture. It is argued that the notion of “Francophone” must be grounded empirically and approached in relation to the social environment of the relevant speakers. The post-apartheid South African setting assigns it a meaning different from what it has in Francophone states.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Xhosa (African people) – South Africa – Cape Town"
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Mongwe, Robert. "Rural migrants and their social networks in an urban setting : the case of Joe Slovo Park, Cape Town." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/49785.
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Thesis (MPhil)--Stellenbosch University, 2003.<br>ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The aim of this study was to investigate the nature and purpose of migrant social in
Marconi Beam Informal Settlement, and Joe Slovo Park. The study found that
migrant social networks served both economic and cultural functions. Through their
social networks migrants seek to maximise their remittances to their areas as well as
to convey information about the availability of jobs and housing conditions in the city.
Newly arrived migrants depend on their kin and village mates for food, shelter, and
sense of belonging in an environment that can otherwise be hostile. Similarly in
times of crisis such as redundancy, property losses migrants can call on the support
within their immediate area of residence or from other members based in their rural
areas of origin. Furthermore, migrants visit their rural areas of origin to partake in
marriages, initiation ceremonies, and funeral service. And many of the migrants who
die in the city are transported to the rural areas for burial. Migrant social networks
demonstrate the complex interconnectedness of the urban and rural spheres of life in
both the economic and cultural aspects of life.<br>AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie studie het die aard en doel van sosiale netwerke onder migrante werkers in die Marconi Beam informele nedersetting en Joe Slovo Park ondersoek. Daar is
gevind dat hierdie netwerke ekonomiese en kulturele funksies vervul. Op
ekonomiese vlak fasiliteer die netwerke die twee-rigting vloei van goedere en dienste
tussen stedelike huishoudings en die landelike tuiste. D.m.v. netwerke onder
migrante werkers word inligting oor die beskikbaarheid van werk, behuising en dies
meer versprei. Gebasseer op die ideologiese aanname dat die landelike tuiste meer
belangrik is as die stedelike huishouding, word materiële goedere en geld, wat in die
stad verdien word, na die landelike tuiste oorgeplaas. Daarmee saam word stedelike
uitgawes tot In minimum beperk. In die geval van gebeurlikhede kenmerkend van die
stedelike situasie, soos verlies van werk of eiendom, wend migrante werkers hulle na
die landelike tuiste vir hulp en ondersteuning. Op In kulturele vlak besoek migrante
die landelike areas om deel te neem aan begrafnisse, troues en inisiasie seremonies.
Baie van diegene wat tot sterwe kom in die stad, word na die landelike areas
oorgeplaas vir hul begrafnis. Hierdie besoeke dien as bewys van die migrant se
lojaliteit teenoor die landelike tuiste en gemeenskap. In die geheel gesien bevestig
die sosiale netwerke onder migrante werkers die inter-afhanklikheid van die stedelike
en landelike lewenssfere.
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Mdedetyana, Lubabalo Sheperd. "Medical male circumcision and Xhosa masculinities: Tradition and transformation." University of the Western Cape, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/6629.
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Magister Artium (Medical Anthropology) - MA(Med Ant)<br>This research study investigates Xhosa men’s perceptions of voluntary medical male circumcision (VMMC) in Khayelitsha township (Cape Town). It explored whether the introduction of VMMC as a state HIV-prevention strategy had engendered shifts in constructions of masculinity and negative perceptions of men who had undergone VMMC. Previously traditional male circumcision (ulwaluko) was the preferred form of circumcision among amaXhosa and medical male circumcision (MMC) was viewed as alien to Xhosa culture. Xhosa-speaking men who had undergone MMC were stigmatised by peers and viewed as not being ‘real men’. VMMC has the potential to shift constructions of masculinity based on circumcision status.
An ethnographic research study was carried out using qualitative research methods, including participant observation, individual interviews and focus group discussions. Data collection occurred over a 6-month period in the Mandela Park community, at Michael Maphongwana Clinic, and at a male initiation school.
The study found that ulwaluko remains a definitive marker of masculine Xhosa identity and is still informed by culture and tradition. Despite VMMC, men who undergo ulwaluko continue to perceive men who choose MMC as ‘the other’ and not as ‘real men’. The study highlighted that VMMC advocates need to take cognisance of traditional notions of masculinity and address negative perceptions of men in Xhosa-speaking communities who have undergone VMMC.
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Ngqangweni, Hlonelwa. "‘Gender’ and constructions of spousal mourning among the AmaXhosa in the Eastern Cape." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1015647.
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Among the AmaXhosa the death of a person is marked by a tradition called ukuzila - the equivalent of the mourning process. As a sign of spousal mourning, and to show respect, the remaining spouse has to put on a marker (be visible). However, it is mostly the woman who is under obligation to show her mourner status by wearing ‘clothes of mourning’. The discriminatory nature of the practice, especially pertaining to visibility and some of the detrimental effects on the widows’ health and safety have been documented by some researchers, but the reasons for the continuity of visibility remain largely unexplored. Taking into account the dynamic nature of ‘culture’, this research explored the discourses deployed in men and women’s constructions of ukuzila specifically focusing on spousal mourning and the continuity of widows’ visibility in spite of their resistance to it. The research used postcolonial feminism drawing on postructuralism as its theoretical lens. This theoretical lens provided useful concepts such as hybridity, visibility, surveillance and power with which to examine spousal mourning and conceptualised people’s subject positions as multiple, fluid and contingent. Furthermore, the research employed thematic and discourse analysis at its methodology. Discourse analysis was employed to identify and analyse the discourses utilised in the constructions of spousal mourning. The research was conducted through focus group discussions held with younger and older urban and rural men and women, as well as interviews held with widows and widowers and key cultural informants. Concerning the question of constructions of spousal mourning for men and women, visibility of the mourner emerged as a central and contentious issue. Some participants were of the view that one could show mourning by engaging in culturally appropriate mourning behaviour, whilst others were of the view that showing one’s mourning had to be visible by publicly displaying mourning through a marker. Another group proposed mourning “by heart”, whereby the mourners’ status could either be inferred from their behaviour, whereas others maintained that behaviour was not mandatory. Various justifications for the continued visibility of widows were advanced. These justifications included showing love and respect to the deceased husband; showing respect to the ancestors; and helping to monitor their own behaviour in order to ensure that it is in line with appropriate mourning behaviour. The continued visibility of widows was also used to regulate the widows’ sexuality. Widows were coerced to put on ‘clothes of mourning’ in order to ‘protect’ them from being approached by men for a relationship during the mourning period. The regulation of the movement of widows was also managed through visibility. Widows’ movements were restricted in order to protect the community from pollution or bad luck. For example, they were not allowed to visit places of entertainment or visit other households. Key discourses identified were the familial-‘ukwenda’, respect-‘hlonipha’, and male sexual drive (MSD) discourse. The familial - ‘ukwenda’ discourse is centred on the idea that one is ‘married to the household’, which includes the nuclear family and wider extended family including ancestors. According to the respect-‘hlonipha’ discourse, respect is due to others on the basis of their age, status, and more especially their gender. Showing respect (hlonipha) necessitates the avoidance of all forms of behaviour and utterances that could be deemed disrespectful. The MSD holds a widespread view of sexuality as a biological drive that resides within each male and it was drawn on to make sense of discontinued visibility among widowers, whilst visibility of widows continued. It is argued that it is these discourses, embedded in the ‘culture’ of the AmaXhosa and upheld by the family that sustain the discriminatory nature of the practice, especially concerning the continued visibility of widows in spite of the resistance that has been voiced.
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Akol, Grace. "Widows' experiences of spousal mourning among AmaXhosa: an interpretative phenomenological study." Thesis, University of Fort Hare, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10353/523.
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This study was conducted on the mourning rituals of the AmaXhosa widows of the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa. The study focused on the descriptive presentation of the experiences of the AmaXhosa widows in the Buffalo City municipality of the Province. The study sought to establish the widows’ perceptions regarding the mourning rituals and to interpret their experiences within the context of contemporary cultural, religious, gender and socio-political influences. The experiences among the widows interviewed were found to have a similar context but their perceptions about the mourning rituals were different between the widows younger than 40 years and those older than 50 years. Widows from urban and rural areas of East London, Mdantsane Township and from within a 60 kilometre radius of East London were interviewed. Purposive random sampling was used to identify an equal number of either urban or rural voluntary participants for the study. Structured interviews were held with widows ranging in age from 29 to 91 years. An interpretative phenomenological analysis of the recorded discussions was conducted. The experiences of the AmaXhosa widows during the conduct of the mourning rituals are described. The key findings of the study indicated that most of the widows felt they had to go through the mourning rituals mainly to show respect for their departed husbands and so that the dignity of the family and clan was maintained. The mourning rituals seemed mostly to have negative implications for the widows such as a lack of family and financial support and being treated as social outcasts; however the rituals also seemed to help the women adjust to their new status as widows. Although the mourning rituals were embedded in the socio-cultural tradition generally followed by the AmaXhosa, religious beliefs also influenced some of the traditions by introducing changes in the way some widows conducted the mourning rituals. For example, some religions advocated for shorter periods of mourning than usual as well as wearing different types of mourning clothes from the usual black or purple dress. Overall the perceptions of the older widows aged above 50 years revealed that they had no reservations about performing the mourning rituals and quite readily and unquestioningly accepted the customs. The younger widows aged below 40 years on the other hand felt that the mourning rituals were biased against women and did not serve a useful purpose and even proposed changes to the manner in which the mourning rituals are conducted particularly the shortening of the mourning period from 12 to 6 months or less. However, they seemed to recognize the role played by the mourning ritual in lessening and possibly healing the pain and sorrow caused by their bereavement.
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Wotshela, L. E. "Transformation in late colonial Ngqika society : a political, economic and social history of African communities in the district of Stutterheim (Eastern Cape), c.1870-1910." Thesis, Rhodes University, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002427.
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This study analyses the methods and policies of the colonial government which shaped Stutterheim's African communities between c.1870 and 1910. In 1870 the Stutterheim magisterial district had not yet been officially established. However, creation of the British Kaffrarian administration (1847-1865) had already ensured the entrenchment of colonial rule over the humiliated Xhosa chiefdoms west of the Kei. This work studies transformations in late colonial Ngqika society and the development of Stutterheim as a magisterial district. It analyses the entrenchment of colonial bureaucracy and changes in indigenous social, economic and political structures. In the period c.1860-1877, direct administration of the Ngqika was first attempted. While recovering from the 1856-57 cattle killing, the Ngqika were brought under colonial administration by the annexation of British Kaffraria to the Cape Colony in 1865. The thesis also examines the process and implications of the breakup and resettlement of the Ngqika location after the 1877-1878 war and the mechanisms and complications in forming a new postwar settlement. The focus then narrows to Stutterheim magisterial district (finalised in 1880), where, after the removal of the main Ngqika population to the Transkei formal structures of quitrent settlement were established around mission stations. A new form of social behaviour underpinned by principles of individualism evolved under missionary influence. Urged on by legislation that sought to intensify implementation of individual tenure, this social behaviour predominated under the new administration. Attention is also given to the allocation of farm land in the district. On part of what had once been communally owned land, an immigrant farming community originally intended strictly for whites emerged. Numerous Africans later managed to hold property in this area. An urban area with a mixed African and white population resulted where allotments initially allocated to the German Legion were later auctioned. On crown lands, leasing and purchasing was initiated. By the early twentieth century, settlement patterns were in chaos: on the mission settlements, quitrenters disobeyed settlement regulations, farms were overpopulated by tenants and interracial urban settlements faced imminent segregationist policies. By 1910 local administration was in difficulties and the Africans were becoming politically mobilised against local and colonial policies.
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Momoti, Ndyebo Kingsworth. "Law and culture in the new constitutional dispensation with specific reference to the custom of circumcision as practiced in the Eastern Cape." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1003200.
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This study examines the custom of circumcision in the context of culture, law and the Constitution. In Chapter 1 the writer considers the pervasive role of culture in the context of the current debate in relation to equality versus culture. In Chapter 2 the writer considers the origin, development and the legal significance of the custom of circumcision in the Eastern Cape. In Chapter 3 the writer traces the circumstances leading to the enactment of the Provincial statute governing circumcision of children. In this chapter the writer also poses the question whether an aspect of morality can effectively be regulated by law. Chapter 4 looks at the question of cultural rights in terms of the Constitution and the possible effect of the promulgation of the Commission for the Promotion and Protection of the Rights of Cultural, Religious and Linguistic Communities Act 19 of 2000 on the approach of the courts in respect of constitutional challenges directed at some aspects of customary law. Chapter 5 looks at the custom of circumcision and the need for the protection of children. The writer raises the issue of the role of traditional leaders in the eradication of abuses associated with circumcision. The last Chapter comments on the reasons for the failure of the new Act governing circumcision in the Province.
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Nxoko, Lloyd Chumani. "The significance of Nguni cattle with reference to traditional value in agriculture." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/10243.
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In the Xhosa culture, Nguni cattle have always been valued due to cultural rituals purpose but were not viewed from a development perspective. In fact, traditionally, in Xhosa society, cattle were used not only as primary sources of food such as milk, meat and other related secondary products, but in the performance of rituals. From milk one can get sour milk (amasi) which is a staple diet for both young ones and adults. Furthermore, butter, which was traditionally used for cosmetics purposes, is also derived from milk. Thus, the focus of this study is on the paradigm shift, as well as the role played by cattle in Xhosa cultural rituals and agriculture.
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Nodada, Lubabalo Yandisa. "An exploratory study of the AmaTshezi chieftaincy conflict in Mthonjana Village, Mqanduli in the Eastern Cape, 2002-2007." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1012345.
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The battle for traditional leadership successions continue to have negative effects on many Tribal Authority Councils across Africa, for example, the Valoyi Tribe, part of Tsonga/Shangaan nation in South Africa, and the Godban chieftaincy conflict in the northern town of Yendi in Ghana. Community conflicts related to chieftaincy positions across South Africa are apparent. This study was an attempt to explore and describe the dynamics of the AmaTshezi chieftaincy conflict in Mthonjana village, Mqanduli. The analysis focused on exploring the AmaTshezi chieftaincy conflict in terms of conflict and conflict process theory. This explorative study sought to explore and describe the perceptions of eight ad hoc committee members (government officials) who had been involved with attempting to resolve the AmaTshezi chieftaincy conflict. The researcher conducted extensive face-to-face interviews with these committee members and thoroughly studied the necessary documents that informed the study. Thematic data analysis revealed latent conflict, conflict emergence, conflict escalation, conflict stalemate, and conflict de-escalation, as key conflict phases in the AmaTshezi chieftaincy conflict. A number of recommendations are made about how those in authority could better manage communal conflict. The recommendations may, for instance, be used in the formulation of policies to influence better conflict management by government and help the Eastern Cape House of Traditional Leaders to manage communal conflicts better and to facilitate public education programmes about issues relating to birthright leadership positions and lineage procedures.
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Loubser, Karla. "Die rol van spiritualiteit in die veerkragtigheid van Xhosa-sprekende gesinne in die Oos-Kaap." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/3309.
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Thesis (MA (Psychology))--University of Stellenbosch, 2005.<br>The purpose of this investigation was to view (explore) spirituality as a characteristic of family resilience in Xhosa-speaking families in the Eastern Cape. Families with at least one adolescent child, which have experienced the death of a family member or a serious financial setback, were approached for participation in this investigation.
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Holbrook, Gregory Martin. "The structure of an irrigation scheme." Thesis, Rhodes University, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002664.
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Faced with problems related to the sustainability and advisability of contemporary irrigation development in Africa, anthropologists have increasingly looked to economic and political explanations for the success or failure of those development schemes. Instead of seeking explanations in these isolated areas, this thesis has argued that irrigation development needs to be understood through relationships within and between politics, economics, social structure and culture. In order to uncover those interactions with regard to the Tyefu Irrigation Scheme in the southern African homeland of Ciskei, reference has been made, firstly, to the mechanisms underlying contemporary state expansion and secondly, to the interaction between external forces, structures and surface forms through time. Anthropological fieldwork techniques have been used to provide detailed descriptions of everyday communications within and between groups associated with the development. Ethnography allows implementation to be conceptualized in terms of the interaction between local level structures and structures associated with the planning and construction of irrigation development itself. When the effect of external forces on the interaction between structures and forms is then taken into account principles emerge that reflect local and historical transformations. These in turn suggest the form of contemporary state expansion in southern Africa, as well as its bearing on daily life on the rural periphery.
Books on the topic "Xhosa (African people) – South Africa – Cape Town"
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Imperial networks: Creating identities in nineteenth-century South Africa and Britain. Routledge, 2001.
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Richard, Price. Empire and its encounters: Britain and the Xhosa peoples in Southern Africa, c. 1820-1860. Cambridge University Press, 2008.
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Richard, Price. Making empire: Colonial encounters and the creation of imperial rule in nineteenth-century Africa. Cambridge University Press, 2008.
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The testing grounds of modern empire: The making of colonial racial order in the American Ohio country and the South African Eastern Cape, 1770s-1850s. Peter Lang, 2008.
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Thornberry, Elizabeth. Colonizing Consent: Rape and Governance in South Africa's Eastern Cape. University of Cambridge ESOL Examinations, 2020.
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Colonizing Consent: Rape and Governance in South Africa's Eastern Cape. Cambridge University Press, 2019.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Xhosa (African people) – South Africa – Cape Town"
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LeFanu, Sarah. "South Africa, 1 January 1900." In Something of Themselves. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197501443.003.0008.
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This chapter records the voices of a number of other players in the drama of the South African War, on the first day of the new century. They include interpreter Solomon Plaatje in the besieged town of Mafeking; war correspondent H. W. Nevinson besieged in Ladysmith; Lieutenant Colonel Kekewich in command of the besieged town of Kimberley. Also President Paul Kruger in Pretoria, Roger Casement, Mohandas Gandhi (later the Mahatma), novelist Olive Schreiner, and newspaper editor John Tengo Jabavu in the Eastern Cape. These people provide insights into the war from across the whole of South Africa; they include combatants, non-combatants, imperialists, anti-imperialists, Boers, British, and non-whites caught up in what was mistakenly called a ‘white man’s war’.
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Ribot, Isabelle, Alan G. Morris, and Emily S. Renschler. "Effects of Colonialism from the Perspective of Craniofacial Variation." In Colonized Bodies, Worlds Transformed. University Press of Florida, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5744/florida/9780813060750.003.0012.
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Ribot, Morris, and Renschler compare two distinct case studies of Africans in order to investigate identity, origin, and population affinity of diasporic populations. In the first case study from Cobern Street in Cape Town, South Africa, the authors integrate stable isotope data and burial data with craniometric variation. In the second case, craniometric data are studied in a sample of Africans from the Morton Collection derived from a group of enslaved people brought to Colonial Cuba. In the Cobern Street setting, they find evidence of both first and second-generation immigrants or imported slaves from sub-Saharan Africa, as well as the possible presence of people of Asian descent (either slaves or immigrants). In contrast with the Cobern Street case study, Ribot and colleagues find high levels of diversity represented in the Morton sample, with some individuals from a single origin within Central, West, or East Africa, some individuals exhibiting multiple possible African origins, and finally, some other individuals exhibiting complex patterns of heterogeneity which may reflect origins and admixture from Asia, Europe, or Mesoamerica.
Conference papers on the topic "Xhosa (African people) – South Africa – Cape Town"
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"South Africa’s Quest for Smart Cities: Privacy Concerns of Digital Natives of Cape Town, South Africa." In InSITE 2018: Informing Science + IT Education Conferences: La Verne California. Informing Science Institute, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.28945/4071.
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Aim/Purpose: [This Proceedings paper was revised and published in the 2018 issue of the Interdisciplinary Journal of e-Skills and Lifelong Learning, Volume 14] The objective of this study is to investigate the impact of awareness, perceived benefits, types of data collected and perceived control on the privacy concerns of digital natives living in what is considered the smart city of Cape Town, South Africa. Background: Smart city projects have been known to bring benefits such as sustainable economic development to cities. However one may wonder what and how certain factors influence the privacy concerns that come along with the implementation of smart cities particularly in the African context. In a time when information can be easily transferred, accessed and even shared, it is no surprise that people may have inclinations to be very protective of their personal information. Methodology: The study is quantitative in nature. Data has been collected using an online survey and analysed statistically. Contribution: This study contributes to scientific literature by detailing the impact of specific factors on the privacy concerns of citizens living in an African city Findings: The findings reveal that the more impersonal data is collected by the Smart City of Cape Town, the lower the privacy concerns of the digital natives. The findings also show that higher the need of the digital natives to be aware of the security measure put in place by the city, the higher their privacy concerns Recommendations for Practitioners: Practitioners (i.e. policy makers) should ensure that it is a legal requirement to have security measures in place to protect the privacy of the citizens while col-lecting data within the smart city of Cape Town. These regulations should be made public to appease any apprehensions from its citizens towards smart city implementations. Less personal data should also be collected on the citizens. Recommendation for Researchers: Researchers should further investigate issues related to privacy concerns in the context of African developing countries as they have unique cultural and philosophical perspectives that might influence how people perceive privacy. Impact on Society: Cities are becoming “smarter” and in developing world context like Africa, privacy issues might not have as a strong influence as is the case in the developing world. Future Research: Further qualitative studies should be conducted to better understand issues related to perceived benefits, perceived control, awareness of how data is collected and level of privacy concerns of digital natives in developing countries.