Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'XUV laser'
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Kiehn, G. P. "XUV laser amplication in recombining laser produced plasmas." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.379973.
Full textHolden, Philip Bernard. "Numerical modelling of laser produced plasmas as XUV lasers." Thesis, University of York, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.292556.
Full textCassou, Kevin. "Etudes d'amplificateurs plasma laser à haute cadence dans le domaine XUV et applications à la station LASERIX." Paris 11, 2006. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00170172.
Full textCairns, Gerald Francis. "Development studies of XUV laser amplifiers." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.295405.
Full textBettaibi, Islam. "Développement et caractérisation des lasers XUV créés par laser femtoseconde." Phd thesis, Ecole Polytechnique X, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00179321.
Full textCette thèse présente une série d'études sur une nouvelle source laser XUV, pompée par un laser femtoseconde fonctionnant à 10 Hz. Un laser ultra intense est focalisé dans une cellule remplie de xénon ou de krypton et crée une colonne de plasma. Une émission laser à 41,8 nm dans le xénon IX ou à 32,8 nm dans le krypton IX est alors obtenue sur l'axe du laser de pompe. Nous avons réalisé une étude à la fois expérimentale et numérique de ce type de source dans le but de caractériser l'importance de différents paramètres tels que l'intensité et polarisation du laser, la pression du gaz et la longueur de la cellule. Cette thèse présente aussi une étude des profils spatiaux et temporels de l'émission laser.
Afin de compenser la réfraction du laser de pompe, nous avons utilisé deux techniques de guidage qui ont permis un allongement significatif de la zone amplificatrice du plasma. La première repose sur la création d'un canal plasma par décharge électrique et la deuxième sur les réflexions sur les parois internes de tubes diélectriques de saphir ou de verre. Dans les deux cas une amélioration spectaculaire des performances de la source a été observée.
Finalement, nous présentons dans ce manuscrit une étude préliminaire sur un autre schéma de pompage de laser X: par photo ionisation en couches internes d'atomes neutres. Nous avons développé un système optique qui devrait permettre la réalisation d'une onde inhomogène femtoseconde absolument nécessaire pour ce type de laser X.
Bettaïbi, Islam Sebban Stéphane. "Développement et caractérisation des lasers XUV crées par laser femtoseconde." [S. l.] : [s.n], 2005. http://www.polymedia.polytechnique.fr.
Full textBettaïbi, Islam. "Développement et caractérisation des lasers XUV crées par laser femtoseconde." Palaiseau, Ecole polytechnique, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005EPXX0035.
Full textCoherent soft x-ray sources have an important potential for scientific, medical and industrial applications. The development of high intensity laser systems allowed the realization of new coherent and fast soft x-ray sources like high order harmonic generation and soft x-ray lasers. These sources are compact, cheaper than traditionnal sources such as synchrotrons, and are thus interesting. This thesis presents the study of a new soft x-ray laser pumped by a femtoseconde laser beam working at 10 Hz. The circularly polarized ultra intense laser is longitudinally focused in a cell filled with xenon or krypton, to obtain the amplification of two lasing lines at 41,8 nm and 32,8 nm in Pd-like xenon and Ni-like krypton respectively. Wecarry out an experimental and numerical study of the source to understand the importance of different parameters such as the laser intensity and polarization, the gas pressure and the cell length. We have also spatially and temporally characterized the soft x-ray laser beam
Smith, Roland Adam. "XUV amplification in recombining laser produced plasmas." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/47667.
Full textHAROUTUNIAN, ROMAIN. "Sources xuv coherentes creees par laser femtoseconde : laser x et optimisation de la generation d'harmoniques d'ordre eleve." Palaiseau, Ecole polytechnique, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001EPXX0024.
Full textGoddet, Jean-Philippe. "Etude et développement de sources laser XUV par injection d'harmoniques d'ordre élevé." Phd thesis, Ecole Polytechnique X, 2009. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00503026/en/.
Full textGoddet, Jean-Philippe. "Etude et développement de sources laser XUV par injection d’harmoniques d’ordre élevé." Palaiseau, Ecole polytechnique, 2009. http://pastel.paristech.org/5837/01/These_Jean-Philippe_GODDET.pdf.
Full textThe work in this thesis aimed to study a geometry of XUV lasers inspired by high power laser. This architecture, consisting of an injector (a source of high-order harmonics) coupled to an amplifier (plasma created by laser), corresponds to that of a laser chain in the spectral range of the XUV. The laser at 32. 8 nm studied here, is produced by the injection of high-order harmonic in a krypton plasma created by Optical Field Ionization (OFI). This scheme, initially tested by T. Ditmire in 1995, was validated in 2003 with a plasma amplifier created by the interaction of intense laser and a gaseous medium at the Laboratoire d’Optique Appliquée. This thesis is a continuation of that work in trying to address different aspects, not only a better understanding the physical processes involved, but also the spatio-temporal characterization of this type of source. We have demonstrated experimentally for the first time a source in the XUV, witch can be both highly compact, energetic (1 μJ per pulse), close to the diffraction limit and Fourier transform limited. Indeed, through the spatial filtering of harmonics by the amplifying medium, the injected XUV laser at 32. 8 nm shows a Gaussian spatial profile with a divergence of 0. 7 mrad (at 1/e2). The wavefront was measured with a Hartmann sensor and presents a value of l/17 in standard deviation, demonstrating that the XUV source is diffraction limited. The temporal characterization of laser shows that the coherence time is of the order of the duration of spontaneous emission of the amplifier. The temporal coherence presents a Gaussian profile with a relative spectral width Dl/l equal to 10-5 (FWHM) corresponding to a pulse duration of about 5 ps
Rosenfeld, William E. S. "Developpement et caracterisation d'un generateur a ligne blumlein dedie au laser xuv pompe par decharge z-pinch experiences preliminaires de spectroscopie xuv." Orléans, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999ORLE2063.
Full textDoumy, Gilles. "Interaction laser matière à haut flux et fort contraste temporel." Phd thesis, Ecole Polytechnique X, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00012038.
Full textDans cette thèse, nous avons tout d'abord caractérisé, expérimentalement et théoriquement, un dispositif améliorant le contraste temporel de l'impulsion : le Miroir Plasma. Celui-ci consiste à focaliser l'impulsion sur une cible diélectrique de sorte que le piédestal est transmis, alors que l'impulsion principale est réfléchie par le plasma surcritique formé à la surface. Son installation sur le laser UHI 10 (CEA Saclay –10 TW– 60 fs) nous a alors permis d'étudier l'interaction d'impulsions ultra-intenses à fort contraste temporel avec des cibles solides.
Dans un premier temps, nous avons réussi à générer des plasmas denses résultant de l'interaction directe de l'impulsion principale avec des cibles minces (100 nm). Leur caractérisation a été réalisée au moyen d'une source XUV obtenue par génération d'harmoniques d'ordre élevé dans un jet de gaz rare.
Dans un second temps, nous avons étudié expérimentalement le phénomène de génération d'harmoniques d'ordre élevé sur cible solide, encore mal compris, mais qui potentiellement fournira une nouvelle source XUV ultra-courte et intense.
Boudaa, Amar. "Optimisation de sources XUV générées par l'intéraction d'un laser sub-picoseconde avec un gaz rare." Paris 11, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA112341.
Full textThis work deals with a theoretical study of an optical-field-ionized soft-x-ray laser generated in gas targets (krypton at 32. 8 nm, xenon at 41. 8 nm). These sources are experimentally studied intensively at the LOA (ENSTA, Palaiseau). The amplifying medium is created in a highly nonequilibrium state due to the interaction with a short and intense infrared beam. The steps of creation of the plasma and evolution of the atomic kinetics in the medium were investigated in order to characterize the plasma and to study the amplification and transport of XUV radiation. This latter point was considered depending on different parameters (gas pressure, pump intensity,. . . ). Particular emphasis was placed on the influence of the ion dynamics on the emission line. The ionic component of the OFI plasma is initially strongly coupled. The OCP model applied to this case predicted ion temperatures of the order of a few e V. The properties of the output XUV laser showed that the ionic heating can increase the laser energy up to 20% in the range of pressures of practical interest. On the other hand, simulations based on Maxwell-Bloch equations allowed US to compare the case of very low spatial coherence (AS E) with that of high spatial coherence (injection of harmonics in an OFI amplifier). In this latter case, the semi-adiabatic approximation can describe the amplification over long distances of propagation. Also, the semi-adiabatic approach, allows, even in the case of injected regime, to describe the characteristics of the average values of the XUV signal, but not those of the temporal or spectral profile at saturation
Leeuwenburgh, Jonathan. "Theory of attosecond electron dynamics induced by strong XUV and X-ray laser fields." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/30779.
Full textÖstlin, Andreas. "Optical components of XUV monochromator : For use in laser based angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för informations- och kommunikationsteknik (ICT), 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-207855.
Full textVid avdelningen för materialfysik vid KTH håller en laserbaserad vinkelupplöst fotoemissionsspektrometer på att byggas upp. Denna använder ultraviolett ljus för att excitera fotoelektroner som sedan detekteras genom time of flight. Ljuskällan som ger UV-fotonerna är en pulsad laser som ger en hög effekt, vilket ställer krav på att alla optiska komponenter i systemet skall klara en hög värmelast. I detta examensarbete undersöks om kiselkarbid (SiC) uppfyller dessa krav. Modellering av ett diffraktionsgitter görs, och resultatet av detta ger vägledning under processningen av gittret. Gittret tillverkas med hjälp av fotolitografi och plasmaetsning av en kiselkarbidwafer. Denna karakteriseras sedan med olika metoder och finns fungera bra för sitt ändamål.
Vorontsov, Valeriy. "Charge transfer pumping for XUV lasers using femtosecond laser induced plasmas interacting with neutrals from a pulsed gas jet." [S.l. : s.n.], 2005. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=975151150.
Full textDepresseux, Adrien. "Development of an ultrashort and intense collisional OFI plasma-based soft X-ray laser." Palaiseau, Ecole polytechnique, 2015. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01233246/document.
Full textCassou, Kevin. "Etudes d'amplificateurs plasma laser à haute cadence dans le domaine X-UV." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00170172.
Full textL'étude expérimentale concerne l'amélioration du couplage du laser infrarouge de pompe avec le plasma dans le cadre de la génération d'un laser X-UV en régime collisionnel transitoire. Ces lasers X-UV sont générés dans un plasma formé par l'interaction d'une cible solide et d'une impulsion laser d'environ 500 ps de durée, suivie d'une seconde impulsion laser infrarouge dite de pompe (~5ps) arrivant sur la cible en incidence rasante. Pour la première fois, une étude paramétrique complète a été entreprise sur l'influence de l'angle de rasance sur la création du milieu amplificateur. Un des résultats de cette étude a été d'atteindre des brillances pics très élevées de l'ordre de 1 x 10^{28} photons/s/mm²/mrad²/(0.1%bandwidth), comparables aux brillances des lasers à électron libres. De plus, nous avons modifié puis utilisé un nouveau code hydrodynamique bidimensionnel eulérien à mailles raffinées dynamiquement au cours du temps (AMR) afin de comprendre l'influence des propriétés spatio-temporelles du laser infrarouge sur la formation et l'évolution du plasma amplificateur. Nos modélisations ont mis en évidence l'intérêt d'utiliser un profil super gaussien pour la ligne focale produisant une augmentation d'un facteur deux de la dimension de la zone de gain et une réduction des gradients de densité de
trois ordres de grandeur. Ces améliorations devraient accroître fortement l'énergie contenue dans le faisceau laser X-UV.
L'amélioration de la connaissance de la physique des matériaux ou des biomolécules tirera profit de l'outil que le rayonnement laser dans le domaine X-UV est en passe de devenir. Nous avons ainsi utilisé le laser X-UV pour étudier l'apparition de défauts transitoires produits par un laser IR en face arrière d'un miroir. Nous avons aussi débuté des recherches sur les mécanismes d'endommagement de l'ADN lors de son irradiation par un rayonnement X-UV très intense.
Liao, Chen-Ting, and Arvinder Sandhu. "XUV Transient Absorption Spectroscopy: Probing Laser-Perturbed Dipole Polarization in Single Atom, Macroscopic, and Molecular Regimes." MDPI AG, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/624358.
Full textHörlein, Rainer. "Investigation of the XUV Emission from the Interaction of Intense Femtosecond Laser Pulses with Solid Targets." Diss., lmu, 2009. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-96150.
Full textMetje, Jan [Verfasser]. "Development and Application of a XUV Laser Light Source for Photoelectron Spectroscopy of Solutions / Jan Metje." Berlin : Freie Universität Berlin, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1125450320/34.
Full textLiu, Aihua. "Energy- and angle-resolved infrared-laser-assisted xuv single- and two-photon double ionization of helium." Diss., Kansas State University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/19768.
Full textDepartment of Physics
Uwe Thumm
Although the latest and most powerful supercomputer today, Tianhe-2 in China, can finish 33.86 quadrillion floating-point operations per second (www.top500.org), it is still a big challenge to simulate the simplest few-electron system - the helium atom - a threebody system with one nucleus and two electrons. Within the fixed-nucleus approximation and time-dependent close coupling (TDCC) approach, we developed software to solve the time-dependent Schrödinger equation (TDSE) accurately, implementing the finite-element discrete-variable representation (FE-DVR) scheme. The general idea of the method is to expand the wave functions in the eigenvectors of the angular momentum operator, which further transform the six-dimensional TDSE to a set of infinite two-dimensional coupled equations. Although there are infinitely many coupled equations, they can be truncated to a finite number of equations by applying selection rules and physical requirements, and solved with our current computational resources. By numerically solving the TDSE in full dimensionality, we investigate the double photoionization of helium atoms in external fields. In co-planar emission geometry with and without the presence of a comparatively weak infrared (IR) laser pulse, we discuss the double ionization (DI) dynamics of helium atoms irradiated by ultrashort pulses of extreme ultraviolet (XUV) laser light. We first investigate the degree of electronic correlation by correlated photoelectron angular distributions for two-photon double ionization (TPDI) of helium atoms in the sequential and non-sequential DI regime. We quantify sequential and non-sequential contributions to TPDI driven by an XUV pulse with central photon energy hw[subscript]xuv near the sequential DI threshold. If the spectral width of the XUV pulse is broad enough, both the sequntial (hw[subscript]xuv > 54.4 eV) and non-sequential (hw[subscript]xuv < 54.4 eV) channels are open. Therefore, the sequential and non-sequential DI mechanisms are difficult to distinguish. By tracking the DI asymmetry in joint photoelectron angular distributions, we introduce the forward-backward-emission asymmetry as a measure that allows the distinction of sequential and non-sequential contributions. Specifically, for hw[subscript]xuv = 50 eV pulses with a sine-squared temporal profile, we find that the sequential DI contribution is the largest at a pulse length of 650 as (1 as = 10[superscript]−18 s), due to competing temporal and spectral constraints. In addition, we validate a simple heuristic expression for the sequential DI contribution in comparison with ab initio calculations. We then investigate the influence of the laser field on the DI of helium by a single XUV pulse. For IR-laser-assisted single-XUV-photon DI our joint angular distributions show that the IR-laser field enhances back-to-back electron emission and induces a characteristic splitting in the angular distribution for electrons that are emitted symmetrically relative to the identical linear polarization directions of the XUV and IR pulse. These IR-pulse-induced changes in photoelectron angular distributions are (i) imposed by different symmetry constraints for XUV-pulse-only and laser-assisted XUV-photon DI, (ii) robust over a large range of energy sharing between the emitted electrons, and (iii) consistent with the transfer of discrete IR-photon momenta to both photoelectrons from the assisting IR-laser field. While selection-rule forbidden at equal energy sharing, for increasingly unequal energy sharing we find back-to-back emission to become more likely and to compete with symmetric emission. To obtain a high level of accuracy, accurate quantum-mechanical calculations of three Coulomb interacting particales exposed to an intense XUV and weak IR field are at the limit of current computational power. Any direct extension (such as strong laser-field intensity, elliptically-polarized field, and laser-induced DI) of our approach to more complicated systems appears to be currently out of reach. At the end of this thesis, we give suggestions on how to improve the efficiency of TDSE calculations for simulations of these complicated many-photon processes.
Meng, Limin. "Experimental study and numerical simulations of the spectral properties of XUV lasers pumped by collisional excitation." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00790077.
Full textHabib, Jamil. "Étude et développement d'un laser XUV à haute cadence pour la station LASERIX : application à la radiobiologie." Paris 11, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA112372.
Full textLaser-based sources of coherent XUV radiation have opened new applications in various fields. The goal of the LASERIX station at Paris-Sud University is to advance the technology of this source type and to provide users with XUV beamlines for applications. My thesis work took place in parallel with the power upgrade of the installation and dealt with both aspects. Having established an XUV laser emitting at 18. 9 nm, we have studied its spectral width using an interferometry device. We have proved that this quantity is sensitive to certain parameters of the XUV laser pumping. Such studies allow the intermediate term to develop XUV amplifiers that are capable of amplifying pulses with short duration. A new pumping scheme called "DGRIP" (Double pulse single beam Grazing Incidence Pumping), has been installed on the LASERIX station in order to improve the XUV laser generation. This scheme allowed us to obtain better stability of the beam. In addition, its simplicity of alignment led to a significant increase in beam time available for users. We have shown that the presence of a controlled pre-pulse (with a specific energy, duration, and delay) could significantly improve the XUV laser energy. Finally, the development of a stable XUV laser that is capable of operating effectively at 10Hz at the LASERIX station are proven as essential to the success of an irradiation experiment of DNA samples
Barszczak, Sardinha Anna Luiza. "Coherent imaging of nano-objects with ultra-short X-ray pulses." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016SACLX006/document.
Full textThe use of X-rays is fundamental to obtain a spatial resolution in the order of the dozen of nanometers. The duration of the flashes of radiation is placed between the dozen of femtoseconds (1 fs =10-15 s) to the hundreds of attoseconds (1as=10-18 s). During this time frame nano-objects are static in time, image wise it translates as a precise image. Exciting these nano-objects with flashes of X-ray beams it is possible to follow its temporal evolution and record a "movie" of the evolution due to excitation. This type of information is extremely important since it can allow the identification of intermediary structural states and therefore attaining a better understanding of their reactional power.This type of studies it is making its debut in the scientific community due to the recent development of ultra-fast and intense X-ray sources needed to perform this type of imaging. The referenced source is a free electron laser (FEL) and there are only tree of them in the world nowadays. One in Germany, one in the USA and one in Japan. The small amount of FELs is mainly due to its elevated costs. From some years the LOA has shown that lasers can also provide an X-ray beam in the femtosecond region and intense enough to produce images of nano-objects with equivalent temporal and spatial resolutions.This present thesis was built in tree phases: realization of an X-ray laser source, circularly polarized; realization of a new improved imaging system and testing of the nano-samples possessing nano-structures. These nano-structures have a velocity of evolution after excitation in the range of 100 fs. These studies have had place at LOA, LCLS, Laboratoire de Chimie-Physique, Matière et Rayonnement (LCPMR), the CEA de Saclay, BESSY-II in Germany. These cooperations have insured a specific training and expertise in the world of nanometric imaging based on the new technique developed during this work
Bouchard, Guillaume. "Étude théorique et numérique de la génération d’harmoniques XUV à l’aide de lasers ultra-intenses sur feuilles minces." Thesis, université Paris-Saclay, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020UPASS037.
Full textWhen focusing an ultra-intense femtosecond laser pulse (Iλ0² > 10¹⁶ W.cm⁻ ²) on to a solid, the incident laser field is sufficiently high to ionise almost entirely the target at the very beginning of the pulse.Thus the most part of the laser field is reflected in the specular direction by the overdense plasma created until then : This is what we call a plasma mirror. The electrons, accelerated by the ultra-intense laser field ,are pulled out of the plasma with speeds which are almost equal to the speed of light c. For each laser period, electrons are the sources of a high-frequency radiation that can extend to the Extreme Ultra Violetor X domains. This periodicity in the generation process leads to the emergence of a harmonic spectrum of the laser frequency ω₀. Eventually, electrons are pushed back into the plasma with speeds always very close to c. Even though mechanisms of the XUV radiation are well known in the specular direction today, too few studies were conducted to understand generations process in the transmitted direction.The objective of this PhD thesis is to deepen understanding the laser-plasma interaction for the case where the target thickness is of the wavelength order. In particular, we will study the role of relativistic electronsjets in the forward radiation, when they fly across the target rear side.The first part of this manuscript will essentially deal with the already well-known mechanisms which explain the radiation in the specular direction. We can wonder to what extent these models are not sufficient to describe the forward radiation, in the transmitted direction.The second part of this manuscript deal with FDTD methods (Finite Difference Time Domain) in use in the "Particle-in-Cell" codes, especially two numerical effects induced by these methods potentially harmful for simulations in order to achieve physical results with meaning : Numerical dispersion and Numerical Cherenkov Instabilities. We will try to make an improvement to the algorithms in order to mitigate these two annoying effects. Eventually, we will identify a new coherent XUV radiation mechanism : The coherent plasma bremsstrahlung or coherent plasma braking radiation. When electrons leave the plasma, a several TV space-charge field appear on the target rear side. This braking longitudinal field accelerate electrons jets transversally which was created by next optical cycles. These jets radiate intenselight pulses of hundreds attoseconds
Kaiser, Benjamin [Verfasser], and Vollrath Martin [Akademischer Betreuer] Axt. "Photoionization of atoms with ultrashort XUV laser pulses at extreme intensities / Benjamin Kaiser. Betreuer: Vollrath Martin Axt." Bayreuth : Universität Bayreuth, 2015. http://d-nb.info/1073944158/34.
Full textNilson, Philip Michael. "Measurements of the dynamics of laser and soft X-Ray heated targets by XUV and optical probing." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.438193.
Full textWhitcher, Thomas. "Investigating the interaction of high-intensity XUV pulses from a free-electron laser with warm dense aluminium." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.555360.
Full textTA, PHUOC KIM. "Etude du rayonnement XUV produit lors de l'interaction relativiste entre un laser femtoseconde intense et un plasma d'hélium." Phd thesis, Ecole Polytechnique X, 2002. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00009602.
Full textGaudin, Jérôme. "Processus électroniques d'excitation et de relaxation dans les solides diélectriques excités par des impulsions IR et XUV ultracourtes." Bordeaux 1, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005BOR13054.
Full textTissandier, Fabien. "Caractérisation spatio-temporelle d'une chaîne laser à 32.8 nm par plasma laser et perspectives vers une source ultrabrève et intense." Phd thesis, Ecole Polytechnique X, 2011. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00604362.
Full textLiao, Chen-Ting, Xuan Li, Daniel J. Haxton, Thomas N. Rescigno, Robert R. Lucchese, C. William McCurdy, and Arvinder Sandhu. "Probing autoionizing states of molecular oxygen with XUV transient absorption: Electronic-symmetry-dependent line shapes and laser-induced modifications." AMER PHYSICAL SOC, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/624049.
Full textLoisel, Guillaume. "Des plasmas stellaires aux plasmas de laboratoire : Application aux mesures d'opacité dans les domaines X et XUV." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00579800.
Full textDozières, Maylis. "Étude expérimentale du transport de l’énergie radiative dans les plasmas denses par spectroscopie d'absorption et d'émission." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016SACLS454/document.
Full textThis PhD work is an experimental study, based on emission and absorption spectroscopy of hot and dense nanosecond laser-produced plasmas. Atomic physics in such plasmas is a complex subject and of great interest especially in the fields of astrophysics or inertial confinement fusion. On the atomic physics point of view, this means determining parameters such as the average ionization or opacity in plasmas at given electronic temperature and density. Atomic physics codes then need of experimental data to improve themself and be validated so that they can be predictive for a wide range of plasmas. With this work we focus on plasmas whose electronic temperature varies from 10 eV to more than a hundred and whose density range goes from 10⁻⁵ à 10⁻² g/cm³. In this thesis, there are two types of spectroscopic data presented which are both useful and necessary to the development of atomic physics codes because they are both characteristic of the state of the studied plasma: 1) some absorption spectra from Cu, Ni and Al plasmas close to local thermodynamic equilibrium; 2) some emission spectra from non local thermodynamic equilibrium plasmas of C, Al and Cu. This work highlights the different experimental techniques and various comparisons with atomic physics codes and hydrodynamics codes
Cheenicode, Kabeer Fairoja [Verfasser]. "Ab initio Molecular Dynamics Simulations of the Structural Response of Solids to Ultrashort Laser and XUV Pulses / Fairoja Cheenicode Kabeer." Kassel : Universitätsbibliothek Kassel, 2015. http://d-nb.info/1069693669/34.
Full textKatzy, Raphael [Verfasser], and Frank [Akademischer Betreuer] Stienkemeier. "Entwicklung der Molekularstrahlquellen der LDM-Beamline am Freie-Elektronen-Laser FERMI und Spektroskopie an dotierten Heliumnanotröpfchen in intensiver XUV-Strahlung." Freiburg : Universität, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1136862854/34.
Full textDeschaud, Basil. "Interaction d'un rayonnement X-XUV intense avec la matière : cinétique atomique associée." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015BORD0453/document.
Full textThis work follows the recent development of the free electron lasers in the X-ray and XUV-ray range (XFEL). Unlike optical sources that deposit their energy via the free electrons, the X/XUV photons deposit their energy directly via photoionization of inner shell electrons with the ejection of photo-electrons, followed by the ejection of Auger electrons and three body recombination electrons in the free electron distribution. The matter is thus heated via the atomic structure. The high XFEL intensity allows one to make up to one hole per atom in a solid, thus producing, on a femtosecond time scale, an exotic state, highly out of equilibrium, called hollow cristal. This unstable exotic state deexcite via a set of elementary atomic processes. In this work we were interested in the development of tools to calculate the atomic population kinetics, coupled to the free electron kinetics, during the transition at constant ionic density, from solid to dense plasma, induced by an XFEL irradiating a solid target. The goal here was to calculate this out of equilibrium coupled kinetics between states of matter having a very different nature. To address this problem we have developed two kinetics models of XFEL interaction with solids. In both these models the description of the solid as a cold degenerated plasma allowed us to use the same plasma approach during all the solid-plasma transition. Considering the fact that all the atomic physics takes place at solid density, way before the matter relaxation, we have developed two codes, associated with these two models, for a use at constant ionic density. To approach this study, we first focused on the bound electron kinetics assuming a free electron distribution at equilibrium (i.e. hypothesis of instantaneous thermalization of the free electrons). In the framework of the dense plasma approach extended up to the solid state, we have developed a generalized collisional radiative model. This generalization goes through the identification of a link between the solid state and the plasma state for the elementary atomic processes. The code associated with this model allowed us to study experimental results and to improve our description of the density effects in dense plasmas. In a second part the free electron kinetics is included in the model with a free electron distribution out of thermodynamic equilibrium. The associated code, based on the discretization of this distribution and its coupling with bound atomic states allowed us to study the role of the atomic elementary processes in the free electron distribution thermalization
Grigoryan, Naira [Verfasser]. "Excitation of Phonons in Solids and Nanostructures by Intense Laser and XUV Pulses and by Low Energy Atomic Collision / Naira Grigoryan." Kassel : Universitätsbibliothek Kassel, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1091589356/34.
Full textTcherbakoff, Olivier. "Confinement Temporel de la Génération d'Harmoniques d'Ordres Élevés." Phd thesis, Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux I, 2004. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00010739.
Full textMachinet, Guillaume. "Développement de sources lasers femtosecondes ytterbium à très haute cadence et applications." Thesis, Bordeaux 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013BOR14999/document.
Full textThis work concerns the development of high repetition rate femtosecond lasers with high average power (>10 W)and energies in excess of 100 μJ. Such lasers are paramount for the development of new industrial applications(athermal micro-drilling, eye surgery, ...) and for fundamental research on high repetition rate laser matter interactionstudies.After a brief introduction and the state of the art summary on high-average power femtosecond laser with ytterbiumdoped materials, a compact high-average power femtosecond laser with a large mode area microstructured rod typeamplifier will be presented. It will browse the main limitations in terms of energy and average power. Limitationsare mainly due to the strong confinement of the electric field propagating in the fibre core leading to non-linear effectsaccumulated during the amplification. On the other hand, for larger core diameter (> 70 μm), the fundamental modeguiding (TEM00) is very weak and thus very sensitive to the internal thermal load of the fibre.This laser source has been used in two specific applications: athermal drilling of thick stainless steel plate for mineclearing(an application of interest for the Direction Générale de l’Armement) and High order Harmonics Generationat high repetition rate (related to CELIA activities). These two applications are presented in the third chapter.In order to stretch the limits and generate more energetic and a shorter pulse, a new amplification scheme has beenproposed, namely high brightness optical pumping of ytterbium doped materials. This concept presented in the lastchapter benefits from the development of high average power single-mode fibre lasers source emitting at 976 nm.This amplification scheme allowed us to realize a high average power Kerr-lens oscillator delivering pulses with apulse duration below than 70 fs and an average power of 2.3W at a repetition rate of 73 MHz. In a second phase, wealso developed a « booster » amplifier with a high single- pass-gain. These two results have been obtained by usingYb-doped CaF2 crystals. This material presents the advantage to have a very broad emission bandwidth (> 60nm)suitable to generate and amplify femtosecond pulses and to be compatible with high average power laser due to hisvery good thermal conductivity
Quintard, Ludovic. "Caractérisation et contrôle des profils spatiaux, spectraux et temporels de faisceaux XUV obtenus par génération d’harmoniques d’ordres élevés dans des gaz." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017BORD0641/document.
Full textWe present our work on the control of high order harmonic generation in gases.We first show how, by generating the harmonics outside the focus of the IR beam,it is possible to control the spatial phase of the harmonics in the generating mediumallowing to obtain a divergent, collimated or convergent wavefront. With this methodwe show that it is possible to focus the harmonics up to six Rayleigh length after thefocal point of the IR beam. Then we study XUV harmonic beams presenting structuredspacio-spectral distributions in the far field. In this study, we observe the influence ofthe diameter of an iris positioned before the focusing of the IR. In a third step we studymethods for controlling the harmonic spectrum. First, we finely control the harmonicscentral wavelength by modifiying the spectral content of the IR by adding two delayedIR pulses. Then we used the collective effects of the high order harmonic generationin order to foster a specific harmonic or a group of harmonics in the far field. Finally,we present a method for characterizing the duration of attosecond pulses in the timedomain. This method, called ionization ladder, uses ionization as a probe to measurepulse duration of up to hundreds of attosecond
Sopena, Moros Arturo. "Etude des effets relativistes en régime d’interaction non-linéaire entre les molécules et les impulsions laser brèves dans les domaines de fréquences XUV et X mous." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021BORD0131.
Full textThe development of intense XUV sources through free-electron lasers (FELs) and high-order harmonic generation (HHG) in the femtosecond (fs) and sub-fs domains provides a unique tool to investigate non-linear ultrafast laser-matter interaction. In the study of the dynamics of molecular photoionization at ultrashort timescales, the Time-Dependent Schrödinger Equation (TDSE) has been crucial for the interpretation of experimental observations. In this thesis, we present results for ab initio calculations of H2 photoionization with UV/X-ray ultrashort laser pulses. We focus on the study of non-linear processes involving two photons and their role in the coupled electron-nuclear dynamics they induce and their study beyond the dipole approximation (DA). Our theoretical approach is based on a spectral method, which requires determining the quantum states of the field-free molecule. These states are calculated in the Born-Oppenheimer approximation employing a configuration interaction scheme together with multichannel scattering theory to determine for the treatment of continuum states, and the Feshbach partitioning formalism to account for autoionization. We resort to a multipolar expansion of the vector potential in the Coulomb gauge, from which we keep the terms corresponding to DA and retardation effects up to O(1/c), to account for the interaction with radiation. Finally, we make use of perturbative and non-perturbative propagation schemes to obtain transition amplitudes from which we can extract cross-sections, photoelectron spectra (PES), and molecular frame angular distributions (MFPADs).In the first part of the results, we demonstrate the coherent control of ionization and dissociation achieved by filtering the higher harmonics in an attosecond pulse train (APT) in an XUV pump-UV probe scheme. By solving the TDSE in DA including electronic and nuclear motion, we are able to extract nuclear and electronic kinetic energy release (KER) spectra to analyze the main ionization pathways as afunction of the delay between pump and probe. We then discuss the effect of harmonic filtering in manipulating one-photon against two-photon ionization yields, dissociative ionization channels, and asymmetries in the MFPADs. In the second part of the results of the thesis, we report the first calculations of Stimulated Raman Scattering (SRS) and Stimulated Compton Scattering (SCS) in H2 with intense X-ray laser fields. These non-linear phenomena consist in the absorption of a photon and the subsequent stimulated emission of a less energetic one leaving the molecule in an excited state (SRS) or effectively ionizing it (SCS). Theoretically, the inclusion of effects beyond DA becomes mandatory. We begin by investigating the relative role of the dipole (A.P) and non-dipole (A2) interaction terms through a perturbative study of the Raman cross-section. The role of the high energy electronic continuum in the partial cancellation of the dipole contribution is also analyzed. We then present results from SRS and SCS calculations using ultra-short pulses in which we compare the relative contribution of the dipole and non-dipole routes as a function of the photon energy. We assert the validity of perturbation theory by directly comparing SRS calculations with results obtained by solving the TDSE. In SCS, the interference between dipole and non-dipole routesproduces asymmetries in the MFPADs, which we analyze. Special attention is givento the effect of molecular orientation.Finally, we study SCS with two colors, focusing on the effect of the angle between the pulse propagation directions. As seen in atoms, non-dipole effects are enhanced for counter-propagating pulses. We also investigate the effect of color separation in energy
Monier, Pascale. "Amplification de rayonnement XUV dans les plasmas créés par laser étude d'un schéma combiné d'excitation optique et collisionnelle dans les ions isoélectriques du néon /." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1987. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37608152t.
Full textMonier, Garbet Pascale. "Amplification de rayonnement XUV dans les plasmas créés par laser : étude d'un schéma combiné d'excitation optique et collisionnelle dans les ions isoélectroniques du néon." Paris 11, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA112090.
Full textXUV radiation emitted by laser produced plasmas may, under particular conditions, be amplified by the medium, leading to a laser effect in this short wavelength range (100 - 200 Å). This work is intended to study the feasibility of a new population inversion scheme in neon-like strontium, combining collisional excitation and quasi resonant photoexcitation by aluminium radiation at 6. 059 Å. A detailed spectroscopic analysis of the strontium plasma near 150 Å has made possible the identification of the neon-like lines which are expected to be amplified. Quasi-resonant X-ray absorption of aluminium radiation by strontium is demonstrated in a two plasmas experiment. Gain is calculated as a function of the plasma conditions and of the resonant photoexcitation rate coefficient, using a detailed collisional-radiative model, SPHINX. Population transfers due to photon and collisional processes are carefully studied. At the same time, gains computed from SPHINX in strontium and in the collisional excitation scheme alone, are compared to experimental values observed at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory on the same transitions in selenium. A very good qualitative agreement is found for both transitions located at 164. 08 Å and 166. 49 Å in strontium
Bourassin-Bouchet, Charles. "Optiques pour les impulsions attosecondes." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00657772.
Full textGuichard, Roland. "Excitation et ionisation des atomes d'hydrogène et d'hélium par des impulsions laser femtosecondes : approche théorique par des états de "Coulomb-Volkov"." Phd thesis, Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux I, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00244653.
Full textBeaulieu, Samuel. "Probing femtosecond and attosecond electronic and chiral dynamics : high-order harmonic generation, XUV free induction decay, photoelectron spectroscopy and Coulomb explosion." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018BORD0063/document.
Full textThis thesis manuscript is articulated around the investigation of the interaction between ultrashort light pulses and gas-phase atoms, polyatomic and chiral molecules. Using the toolboxes developed in attosecond and strong-field physics as well as in femtochemistry, our general goal is to reach a better understanding of subtle effects underlying ultrafast light-induced dynamics in matter.To do so, we developed cutting-edge near-infrared and mid-infrared few-cycle light sources, which were used to build a water-window soft-X-ray source based on high order harmonic generation (HHG), as well as to study new HHG channels involving highly-excited (Rydberg) states. The latter study revealed a delayed HHG emission from the ionization of Rydberg states and radiative recombination onto the electronicground state, triggering our interest in the role of Rydberg states in strong-field physics. This led us to investigate the laser-induced XUV Free Induced Decay from electronic wave packets as a new background-free 2D spectroscopic technique.More over, we have found out that strong-field interaction with a well prepared coherent superposition of electronic states led to the generation of hyper-Ramanlines concomitant with standard high-order harmonics. These spectral features were predicted in the early-days theoretical calculations of HHG but had never been reported experimentally.After these experiments in rare gas atoms, we moved to molecular targets, in whichlight-induced electronic excitation can trigger nuclear dynamics. Using simple benchmark molecules, we have studied dynamics involving the participation of both nuclear and electronic degrees of freedom: first, we studied the ultrafast non adiabatic photoisomerization of the acetylene cation into vinylidene cation, andsecond, we investigated the coherent control of electron localization during molecular photodissociation of H2+. The simplicity of these molecular targets enabled the comparison of the experimental results with state-of-the-art theoretical calculations,revealing the importance of the coupling between nuclear and electronic degrees of freedom in photoinduced molecular dynamics.The other major pillar of this thesis is the study of ionization of chiral molecules usingchiral light pulses. It has been known since the 70s that the ionization from an ensemble of randomly oriented chiral molecules, using circularly polarized light pulse,leads to a strong forward-backward asymmetry in the number of emitted photoelectrons, along the light propagation axis (Photoelectron Circular Dichroism,PECD). Prior to this thesis, PECD was widely studied at synchrotron facilities (single photonionization) and had recently been demonstrated using table-top lasers in resonant-enhanced multiphoton ionization schemes. In this thesis, we have shownthat PECD is a universal effect, i.e. that it emerges in all ionization regimes, from single photon ionization, to few-photon ionization, to above-threshold ionization, up to the tunneling ionization regime. This bridges the gap between chiral photoionizationand strong-field physics. Next, we have shown how the combination of standard femtochemistry approaches and PECD can be used to follow the dynamics of photoexcited chiral molecules using time-resolved PECD. Using similar experimental approaches, but by using pulse sequences with counter-intuitive polarization states,we have demonstrated a novel electric dipolar chiroptical effect, called Photoexcitation Circular Dichroism (PXCD), which emerges as a directional and chirosensitive electron current when multiple excited bound states of chiral molecules are coherently populated with chiral light. Last, we introduced a time-domain perspective on chiral photoionization by measuring the forward-backward asymmetry of photoionization delays in chiral molecules photoionized by chiral light pulses. Our work thus carried chiral-sensitive studies down to the femtosecond and attosecond ranges
Hort, Ondřej. "High harmonic generation with high energy femtosecond pulses." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014BORD0097/document.
Full textWe present our work on high harmonic generation with TW femtosecond pulses. We performed HHG with high energy femtosecond pulses and characterize the generated XUV emission spatially and spectrally at the single-shot basis and we observed many structures in spatially resolved XUV spectra in the far field. Those structures are very robust and reproducible and have been observed in many different gases and generation geometries. Without spatial and spectral characterization on the single-shot basis the structures are not visible. We developed simple simulations to identify those structures and we observed similar structures as experimentally. We identified them as a result of spatial coherence of the XUV source and the diffraction to the far field. In the near field, the harmonic amplitude and phase are spatially and temporally dependent and their profiles are strongly modulated. Such modulated profiles diffract to structured spatially resolved spectra in the far field. We observed that propagation of the XUV in the generating medium has little influence on the structures. We demonstrate spatial shaping of the driving pulses via adaptive optics and their advantage for HHG. An adaptive optics allows us to have the driving beam of regular spatial profile and phase even out of focus. Such a beam is used for HHG with a large diameter driving beam and control of the XUV beam is demonstrated. We developed a high energy TW post-compression technique and we obtained pulses of 10 fs and 10 mJ in a quasi-Gaussian spatial profile. The technique is based on ionization-inducedself-phase-modulation and is compatible with high energy TW level pulses. We performed HHG with such TW pulses and obtained XUV quasi-continuum spectra with spectral and spatial structures. We performed simple simulations and SFAsimulations and we observed similar structures even without considering the XUV propagation in the medium