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Journal articles on the topic 'Xylella fastidiosa subsp'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 3 June 2025

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Frem, Michel, Vincenzo Fucilli, Franco Nigro, et al. "The potential direct economic impact and private management costs of an invasive alien species: Xylella fastidiosa on Lebanese wine grapes." NeoBiota 70 (December 6, 2021): 43–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/neobiota.70.72280.

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Since its outbreak in 2013 in Italy, the harmful bacterium Xylella fastidiosa has continued to spread throughout the Euro-Mediterranean basin and, more recently, in the Middle East region. Xylella fastidiosa subsp. fastidiosa is the causal agent of Pierce’s disease on grapevines. At present, this alien subspecies has not been reported in Lebanon but if this biological invader was to spread with no cost-effective and sustainable management, it would put Lebanese vineyards at a certain level of risk. In the absence of an Xylella fastidiosa subsp. fastidiosa outbreak, the gross revenue generated

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Frem, Michel, Vincenzo Fucilli, Franco Nigro, et al. "The potential direct economic impact and private management costs of an invasive alien species: Xylella fastidiosa on Lebanese wine grapes." NeoBiota 70 (December 6, 2021): 43–67. https://doi.org/10.3897/neobiota.70.72280.

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Since its outbreak in 2013 in Italy, the harmful bacterium Xylella fastidiosa has continued to spread throughout the Euro-Mediterranean basin and, more recently, in the Middle East region. Xylella fastidiosa subsp. fastidiosa is the causal agent of Pierce's disease on grapevines. At present, this alien subspecies has not been reported in Lebanon but if this biological invader was to spread with no cost-effective and sustainable management, it would put Lebanese vineyards at a certain level of risk. In the absence of an Xylella fastidiosa subsp. fastidiosa outbreak, the gross revenue generated

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3

Yuan, Xiaoli, Lisa Morano, Robin Bromley, Senanu Spring-Pearson, Richard Stouthamer, and Leonard Nunney. "Multilocus Sequence Typing of Xylella fastidiosa Causing Pierce's Disease and Oleander Leaf Scorch in the United States." Phytopathology® 100, no. 6 (2010): 601–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/phyto-100-6-0601.

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Using a modified multilocus sequence typing (MLST) scheme for the bacterial plant pathogen Xylella fastidiosa based on the same seven housekeeping genes employed in a previously published MLST, we studied the genetic diversity of two subspecies, X. fastidiosa subsp. fastidiosa and X. fastidiosa subsp. sandyi, which cause Pierce's disease and oleander leaf scorch, respectively. Typing of 85 U.S. isolates (plus one from northern Mexico) of X. fastidiosa subsp. fastidiosa from 15 different plant hosts and 21 isolates of X. fastidiosa subsp. sandyi from 4 different hosts in California and Texas su

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Hernandez-Martinez, R., H. S. Costa, C. K. Dumenyo, and D. A. Cooksey. "Differentiation of Strains of Xylella fastidiosa Infecting Grape, Almonds, and Oleander Using a Multiprimer PCR Assay." Plant Disease 90, no. 11 (2006): 1382–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pd-90-1382.

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Xylella fastidiosa is a xylem-limited, nutritionally fastidious bacterium that causes several plant diseases including Pierce's disease (PD) in grape and leaf scorch in almond (ALS) and oleander (OLS). OLS strains belong to X. fastidiosa subsp. sandyi, PD strains belong to X. fastidiosa subsp. fastidiosa, and strains from almond designated as ALS strains are of two general types belonging either to X. fastidiosa subsp. multiplex or X. fastidiosa subsp. fastidiosa. The ALS strains assigned to X. fastidiosa subsp. multiplex belong to two different genotypes (ALSI and ALSII) below the subspecies

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Krugner, Rodrigo, Mark S. Sisterson, Jianchi Chen, Drake C. Stenger, and Marshall W. Johnson. "Evaluation of Olive as a Host of Xylella fastidiosa and Associated Sharpshooter Vectors." Plant Disease 98, no. 9 (2014): 1186–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-01-14-0014-re.

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Olive (Olea europaea) trees exhibiting leaf scorch or branch dieback symptoms in California were surveyed for the xylem-limited, fastidious bacterium Xylella fastidiosa. Only approximately 17% of diseased trees tested positive for X. fastidiosa by polymerase chain reaction, and disease symptoms could not be attributed to X. fastidiosa infection of olive in greenhouse pathogenicity assays. Six strains of X. fastidiosa were isolated from olive in Southern California. Molecular assays identified strains recovered from olive as belonging to X. fastidiosa subsp. multiplex. Pathogenicity testing of

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Sanderlin, R. S. "Host Specificity of Pecan Strains of Xylella fastidiosa subsp. multiplex." Plant Disease 101, no. 5 (2017): 744–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-07-16-1005-re.

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Pecan (Carya illinoinensis) bacterial leaf scorch disease, caused by Xylella fastidiosa subsp. multiplex, causes defoliation and reduces terminal growth and nut yield. The pathogen is transmitted to pecan by xylem-feeding spittlebugs and leafhoppers and through graft transmission in the clonal propagation of cultivars. Xylella fastidiosa subsp. multiplex has a broad host range, infecting numerous hardwood tree species and some herbaceous species. There is evidence of additional host specialization within subsp. multiplex. Data presented here support the existence of host specialization with X.

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7

Rogers, Elizabeth E., and Craig A. Ledbetter. "Susceptibility to Xylella fastidiosa in a First-generation Hybrid from a non-traditional Peach–Almond Cross." HortScience 50, no. 3 (2015): 337–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.50.3.337.

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To facilitate development of Prunus L. rootstocks with desirable agronomic traits, domesticated peach (Prunus persica) and almond (P. dulcis) were crossed with wild almond relatives. This work reports that a hybrid from a P. webbii × P. persica cv. Harrow Blood cross is susceptible to almond leaf scorch disease (ALSD). ALSD is caused by the fastidious, xylem-limited bacterium Xylella fastidiosa. The P. webbii × ‘Harrow Blood’ hybrid, along with its parents, was inoculated with two ALSD-inducing strains (X. fastidiosa subsp. fastidiosa strain M23 and subsp. multiplex strain Dixon). Both X. fast

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8

Coletta-Filho, Helvécio D., Carolina S. Francisco, João R. S. Lopes, Christiane Muller, and Rodrigo P. P. Almeida. "Homologous Recombination and Xylella fastidiosa Host–Pathogen Associations in South America." Phytopathology® 107, no. 3 (2017): 305–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/phyto-09-16-0321-r.

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Homologous recombination affects the evolution of bacteria such as Xylella fastidiosa, a naturally competent plant pathogen that requires insect vectors for dispersal. This bacterial species is taxonomically divided into subspecies, with phylogenetic clusters within subspecies that are host specific. One subspecies, pauca, is primarily limited to South America, with the exception of recently reported strains in Europe and Costa Rica. Despite the economic importance of X. fastidiosa subsp. pauca in South America, little is known about its genetic diversity. Multilocus sequence typing (MLST) has

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9

Randall, Jennifer J., Natalie P. Goldberg, John D. Kemp, et al. "Genetic Analysis of a Novel Xylella fastidiosa Subspecies Found in the Southwestern United States." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 75, no. 17 (2009): 5631–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.00609-09.

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ABSTRACT Xylella fastidiosa, the causal agent of several scorch diseases, is associated with leaf scorch symptoms in Chitalpa tashkentensis, a common ornamental landscape plant used throughout the southwestern United States. For a number of years, many chitalpa trees in southern New Mexico and Arizona exhibited leaf scorch symptoms, and the results from a regional survey show that chitalpa trees from New Mexico, Arizona, and California are frequently infected with X. fastidiosa. Phylogenetic analysis of multiple loci was used to compare the X. fastidiosa infecting chitalpa strains from New Mex

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Schaad, Norman W., Elena Postnikova, George Lacy, M'Barek Fatmi, and Chung-Jan Chang. "Xylella fastidiosa subspecies: X. fastidiosa subsp piercei, subsp. nov., X. fastidiosa subsp. multiplex subsp. nov., and X. fastidiosa subsp. pauca subsp. nov." Systematic and Applied Microbiology 27, no. 3 (2004): 290–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1078/0723-2020-00263.

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Schaad, Norman W., Elena Postnikova, George Lacy, M'Barek Fatmi, and Chung-Jan Chang. "Xylella fastidiosa subspecies: X. fastidiosa subsp piercei, subsp. nov., X. fastidiosa subsp. multiplex subsp. nov., and X. fastidiosa subsp. pauca subsp. nov." Systematic and Applied Microbiology 27, no. 6 (2004): 763. http://dx.doi.org/10.1078/0723202042369848.

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Oliver, J. E., P. A. Cobine, and L. De La Fuente. "Xylella fastidiosa Isolates from Both subsp. multiplex and fastidiosa Cause Disease on Southern Highbush Blueberry (Vaccinium sp.) Under Greenhouse Conditions." Phytopathology® 105, no. 7 (2015): 855–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/phyto-11-14-0322-fi.

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Xylella fastidiosa is a xylem-limited gram-negative plant pathogen that affects numerous crop species, including grape, citrus, peach, pecan, and almond. Recently, X. fastidiosa has also been found to be the cause of bacterial leaf scorch on blueberry in the southeastern United States. Thus far, all X. fastidiosa isolates obtained from infected blueberry have been classified as X. fastidiosa subsp. multiplex; however, X. fastidiosa subsp. fastidiosa isolates are also present in the southeastern United States and commonly cause Pierce’s disease of grapevines. In this study, seven southeastern U

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O’Leary, Michael L., Lindsey P. Burbank, Rodrigo Krugner, and Drake C. Stenger. "Complete Genome Sequence Data of Three Xylella fastidiosa subsp. multiplex Strains Isolated from Olive Trees in California, U.S.A." Phytopathology® 110, no. 11 (2020): 1759–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/phyto-05-20-0167-a.

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Xylella fastidiosa is a xylem-limited bacterial plant pathogen that causes disease on numerous hosts. Additionally, X. fastidiosa asymptomatically colonizes a wide range of plant species. X. fastidiosa subsp. multiplex has been detected in olive (Olea europaea) trees grown in California, U.S.A., as well as in Europe. Strains of X. fastidiosa subsp. multiplex isolated from California olive trees are not known to cause disease on olive, although some can induce leaf-scorch symptoms on almond (Prunus dulcis). No genome assemblies currently exist for olive-associated X. fastidiosa subsp. multiplex

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14

Aguilar-Granados, Andrés, Bárbara Hernández-Macías, Guillermo Santiago-Martínez, et al. "Genetic Diversity of Xylella fastidiosa in Mexican Vineyards." Plant Disease 105, no. 5 (2021): 1490–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-09-20-1900-re.

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Xylella fastidiosa is a xylem-inhabiting phytopathogenic bacterium that affects diverse agriculturally relevant crops. In Mexico, X. fastidiosa has been reported in the states of Baja California, Coahuila, and Querétaro. In order to determine the genetic diversity of this bacterium in Mexico, 408 grapevine samples were collected from the main producing states in México. For X. fastidiosa identification, real-time PCR and three-loci end-point PCR were employed. The genotyping of the subspecies was carried out using multilocus sequence typing and analysis, based on seven housekeeping genes: leuA

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15

Baldassarre, Francesca, Giuseppe Tatulli, Viviana Vergaro, et al. "Sonication-Assisted Production of Fosetyl-Al Nanocrystals: Investigation of Human Toxicity and In Vitro Antibacterial Efficacy against Xylella fastidiosa." Nanomaterials 10, no. 6 (2020): 1174. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano10061174.

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Recently, there is a growing demand in sustainable phytopathogens control research. Nanotechnology provides several tools such as new pesticides formulations, antibacterial nanomaterials and smart delivery systems. Metal nano-oxides and different biopolymers have been exploited in order to develop nanopesticides which can offer a targeted solution minimizing side effects on environment and human health. This work proposed a nanotechnological approach to obtain a new formulation of systemic fungicide fosetyl-Al employing ultrasonication assisted production of water dispersible nanocrystals. Mor

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16

Schuenzel, Erin L., Mark Scally, Richard Stouthamer, and Leonard Nunney. "A Multigene Phylogenetic Study of Clonal Diversity and Divergence in North American Strains of the Plant Pathogen Xylella fastidiosa." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 71, no. 7 (2005): 3832–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.71.7.3832-3839.2005.

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ABSTRACT Xylella fastidiosa is a pathogen that causes leaf scorch and related diseases in over 100 plant species, including Pierce's disease in grapevines (PD), phony peach disease (PP), plum leaf scald (PLS), and leaf scorch in almond (ALS), oak (OAK), and oleander (OLS). We used a high-resolution DNA sequence approach to investigate the evolutionary relationships, geographic variation, and divergence times among the X. fastidiosa isolates causing these diseases in North America. Using a large data set of 10 coding loci and 26 isolates, the phylogeny of X. fastidiosa defined three major clade

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17

Burbank, Lindsey P., Mark S. Sisterson, and Michael L. O’Leary. "Infection of Blueberry Cultivar ‘Emerald’ with a California Pierce’s Disease Strain of Xylella fastidiosa and Acquisition by Glassy-Winged Sharpshooter." Plant Disease 104, no. 1 (2020): 154–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-05-19-1126-re.

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Bacterial leaf scorch disease caused by Xylella fastidiosa occurs in southern highbush blueberry varieties in the southeastern United States. Susceptibility to X. fastidiosa varies by blueberry cultivar, and these interactions are often strain-specific. Xylella fastidiosa subsp. fastidiosa is the causal agent of Pierce’s disease in grapevines, and it has been problematic in the San Joaquin Valley of California since the introduction of the glassy-winged sharpshooter (Homalodisca vitripennis). The glassy-winged sharpshooter is known to feed on blueberry, a crop that is expanding in the San Joaq

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18

Arias-Giraldo, Luis F., Annalisa Giampetruzzi, Madis Metsis, et al. "Complete Circularized Genome Data of Two Spanish strains of Xylella fastidiosa (IVIA5235 and IVIA5901) Using Hybrid Assembly Approaches." Phytopathology® 110, no. 5 (2020): 969–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/phyto-01-20-0012-a.

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Xylella fastidiosa is an economically important plant pathogenic bacterium of global importance associated, since 2013, with a devastating epidemic in olive trees in Italy. Since then, several outbreaks of this pathogen have been reported in other European member countries including Spain, France, and Portugal. In Spain, the three major subspecies (subsp. fastidiosa, multiplex, and pauca) of the bacterium have been detected in the Balearic Islands, but only subspecies multiplex in the mainland (Alicante). We present the first complete genome sequences of two Spanish strains: X. fastidiosa subs

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Hernandez-Martinez, Rufina, Karla A. de la Cerda, Heather S. Costa, Donald A. Cooksey, and Francis P. Wong. "Phylogenetic Relationships of Xylella fastidiosa Strains Isolated from Landscape Ornamentals in Southern California." Phytopathology® 97, no. 7 (2007): 857–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/phyto-97-7-0857.

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Xylella fastidiosa is an insect-borne, xylem-limited pathogenic bacterium that has been associated with a rise in incidence of diseased landscape ornamentals in southern California. The objective of this study was to genetically characterize strains isolated from ornamental hosts to understand their distribution and identity. Strains of X. fastidiosa isolated from ornamentals were characterized using a multiprimer polymerase chain reaction (PCR) system, random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD)-PCR, and sequence analysis of the 16S-23S rDNA intergenic spacer region (ISR). Based on RAPD-PCR and 1

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Melanson, R. A., R. S. Sanderlin, A. R. McTaggart, and J. H. Ham. "A Systematic Study Reveals that Xylella fastidiosa Strains from Pecan Are Part of X. fastidiosa subsp. multiplex." Plant Disease 96, no. 8 (2012): 1123–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-09-11-0730-re.

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Xylella fastidiosa causes disease in a number of economically important crops, ornamental plants, and shade trees, including grapevine, citrus, oleander, and sycamore. In pecan, X. fastidiosa causes pecan bacterial leaf scorch (PBLS), which leads to defoliation and reduces nut yield. No economically effective treatments are available for PBLS. In order to improve PBLS management practices, it is necessary to determine the subspecies of X. fastidiosa strains that infect pecan so that potential sources of inoculum may be identified. Multiprimer polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and phylogenetic an

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Moya-Hernández, Sandra L., Ana M. Hernández-Anguiano, J. Abel López-Buenfil, Sergio Aranda-Ocampo, and Andrés Aguilar-Granados. "IDENTIFICACIÓN DE Xylella fastidiosa subsp. fastidiosa EN PLANTAS CULTIVADAS Y SILVESTRES EN PARRAS, COAHUILA, MÉXICO." Revista Fitotecnia Mexicana 43, no. 4 (2020): 433. http://dx.doi.org/10.35196/rfm.2020.4.433.

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Xylella fastidiosa es una bacteria Gram negativa que infecta plantaciones de vid (Vitis vinifera L.) en el municipio de Parras, Coahuila, México. La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo identificar la subespecie de X. fastidiosa y determinar su asociación con diferentes especies de plantas cultivadas y silvestres en el municipio. Durante el verano y otoño de 2018 se obtuvieron, en dos predios del municipio de Parras, 83 muestras procedentes de árboles frutales (n = 36), incluyendo vid, árboles forestales (n = 4), plantas ornamentales (n = 2) y plantas silvestres (n = 41). Para la identifi

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Bossi Esteves, Mariana, Julia Lopes Nalin, Karla Kudlawiec, et al. "XadA2 Adhesin Decreases Biofilm Formation and Transmission of Xylella fastidiosa subsp. pauca." Insects 11, no. 8 (2020): 473. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects11080473.

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Xylella fastidiosa is a vector-borne bacterium that causes diseases in many plants of economic interest. The bacterium–vector initial interactions involve bacterial membrane-bound adhesins that mediate cell attachment to the foregut of insect vectors. We investigated the role of the afimbrial adhesin XadA2 in the binding and biofilm formation of X. fastidiosa subsp. pauca to vector surfaces in vitro, as well as its potential to disrupt pathogen transmission. We showed that XadA2 has binding affinity for polysaccharides on sharpshooter hindwings, used as a proxy for the interactions between X.

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Pierry, Paulo Marques, Wesley Oliveira de Santana, João Paulo Kitajima, et al. "High-Quality Draft Genome Sequence Resources of Eight Xylella fastidiosa Strains Isolated from Citrus, Coffee, Plum, and Hibiscus in South America." Phytopathology® 110, no. 11 (2020): 1751–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/phyto-05-20-0162-a.

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Xylella fastidiosa subsp. pauca, once confined to South America and infecting mainly citrus and coffee plants, has been found to be associated with other hosts and in other geographic regions. We present high-quality draft genome sequences of X. fastidiosa subsp. pauca strains J1a12, B111, U24D, and XRB isolated from citrus plants in Brazil, strain Fb7 isolated from a citrus plant in Argentina and strains 3124, Pr8x, and Hib4 isolated, respectively, from coffee, plum, and hibiscus plants in Brazil. Sequencing was performed using Roche 454-GS FLX, MiSeq-Illumina or Pacific Biosciences platforms

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Wen, Jessica T., Polrit Viravathana, Brian Ingel, Caroline Roper, and Hideaki Tsutsui. "Polydiacetylene-Coated Sensor Strip for Immunochromatic Detection of Xylella fastidiosa subsp. fastidiosa." SLAS TECHNOLOGY: Translating Life Sciences Innovation 22, no. 4 (2017): 406–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2472630316689286.

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This study presents a sensor strip for user-friendly, naked-eye detection of Xylella fasitdiosa, the bacterial causal agent of Pierce’s disease in grapevine. This sensor uses anti– X. fastidiosa antibodies conjugated to a polydiacetylene layer on a polyvinylidene fluoride strip to generate specific color transitions and discriminate levels of the pathogen. The detection limit of the sensor is 0.8 × 108 cells/mL, which is similar to bacterial load in grapevine 18 days following bacterial inoculation. This sensor enables equipment-free detection that is highly desirable for in-field diagnostic t

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Hernandez-Martinez, R., T. R. Pinckard, H. S. Costa, D. A. Cooksey, and F. P. Wong. "Discovery and Characterization of Xylella fastidiosa Strains in Southern California Causing Mulberry Leaf Scorch." Plant Disease 90, no. 9 (2006): 1143–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pd-90-1143.

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Mulberry leaf scorch (MLS), caused by Xylella fastidiosa, is a disease of mulberry trees in the United States that has largely been documented from locations in the eastern and central areas of the country. MLS was recently detected for the first time in white mulberry (Morus alba) trees in southern California. Four MLS-strains were isolated from two locations and confirmed as X. fastidiosa by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), direct isolation of the pathogen, and use of the X. fastidiosa-specific PCR primers RST31-33. Isolated strains were characterized by the sequencing of their 16S

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Safady, Nágela Gomes, João R. S. Lopes, Carolina S. Francisco, and Helvécio Della Coletta-Filho. "Distribution and Genetic Diversity of Xylella fastidiosa subsp. pauca Associated with Olive Quick Syndrome Symptoms in Southeastern Brazil." Phytopathology® 109, no. 2 (2019): 257–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/phyto-07-18-0273-fi.

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In Brazil, the host expansion of Xylella fastidiosa subsp. pauca was recently demonstrated with the report of diseased olive trees (Olea europaea), whose symptoms were associated with olive quick decline syndrome previously described in southern Italy. We employed both polymerase chain reaction-based techniques and culture medium isolation to investigate the geographic distribution of X. fastidiosa as well as the genetic signatures of 21 strains isolated from 11 olive orchards in both São Paulo and Minas Gerais States in Brazil. X. fastidiosa subsp. pauca was detected in 83% of the orchards ex

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Scally, Mark, Erin L. Schuenzel, Richard Stouthamer, and Leonard Nunney. "Multilocus Sequence Type System for the Plant Pathogen Xylella fastidiosa and Relative Contributions of Recombination and Point Mutation to Clonal Diversity." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 71, no. 12 (2005): 8491–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.71.12.8491-8499.2005.

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ABSTRACT Multilocus sequence typing (MLST) identifies and groups bacterial strains based on DNA sequence data from (typically) seven housekeeping genes. MLST has also been employed to estimate the relative contributions of recombination and point mutation to clonal divergence. We applied MLST to the plant pathogen Xylella fastidiosa using an initial set of sequences for 10 loci (9.3 kb) of 25 strains from five different host plants, grapevine (PD strains), oleander (OLS strains), oak (OAK strains), almond (ALS strains), and peach (PP strains). An eBURST analysis identified six clonal complexes

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MONTILON, Vito, Oriana POTERE, Leonardo SUSCA, et al. "Isolation and molecular characterization of a Xylella fastidiosa subsp. multiplex strain from almond (Prunus dulcis) in Apulia, Southern Italy." Phytopathologia Mediterranea 63, no. 3 (2024): 423–29. https://doi.org/10.36253/phyto-15810.

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Xylella fastidiosa is a xylem-limited phytopathogenic bacterium under regulation in the European Union as a priority pest. Given the potential risk posed by this pathogen to cultivated and ornamental plants, mandatory annual surveys and laboratory testing are required in Member States to early detect outbreaks. In the course of surveys carried out during early spring 2024 in the Apulia region (Southern Italy), X. fastidiosa subsp. multiplex was identified using quantitative real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction (qPCR), in a non-symptomatic sample from an almond tree (Prunus dulcis) in an orchard

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Picciotti, Ugo, Nada Lahbib, Valdete Sefa, Francesco Porcelli, and Francesca Garganese. "Aphrophoridae Role in Xylella fastidiosa subsp. pauca ST53 Invasion in Southern Italy." Pathogens 10, no. 8 (2021): 1035. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens10081035.

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The Philaenus spumarius L. (Hemiptera Aphrophoridae) is a xylem-sap feeder vector that acquires Xylella fastidiosa subsp. pauca ST53 during feeding on infected plants. The bacterium is the plant pathogen responsible for olive quick decline syndrome that has decimated olive trees in Southern Italy. Damage originates mainly from the insect vector attitude that multiplies the pathogen potentialities propagating Xf in time and space. The principal action to manage insect-borne pathogens and to contain the disease spread consists in vector and transmission control. The analysis of an innovative and

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Caserta, R., S. C. Picchi, M. A. Takita, et al. "Expression of Xylella fastidiosa RpfF in Citrus Disrupts Signaling in Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri and Thereby Its Virulence." Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions® 27, no. 11 (2014): 1241–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/mpmi-03-14-0090-r.

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Xylella fastidiosa and Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri, that cause citrus variegated chlorosis (CVC) and citrus canker diseases, respectively, utilize diffusible signal factor (DSF) for quorum sensing. DSF, produced by RpfF, are similar fatty acids in both organisms, although a different set of genes is regulated by DSF in each species. Because of this similarity, Xylella fastidiosa DSF might be recognized and affect the biology of Xanthomonas citri. Therefore, transgenic Citrus sinensis and Carrizo citrange plants overexpressing the Xylella fastidiosa rpfF were inoculated with Xanthomonas citr

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Martínez, Sara, Maite Lacuesta, Juan Bautista Relloso, Ana Aragonés, Ana Herrán, and Amaya Ortiz-Barredo. "European Grapevine Cultivars and Rootstocks Show Differential Resistance to Xylella fastidiosa Subsp. fastidiosa." Horticulturae 9, no. 11 (2023): 1224. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae9111224.

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Several Xylella fastidiosa subsp. fastidiosa (ST1) strains that cause Pierce’s disease were isolated from grapevine in Spain. In this study, we applied an approach to assess PD susceptibility among 24 different well-known Vitis vinifera subsp. vinifera cultivars and five rootstocks belonging to different species of the genus Vitis. Both were commonly commercialized, representing about 75% of the cultivated area in Spain. This method incorporated disease severity, disease progression, and water potential from the stem xylem. The trials were carried out under field and greenhouse conditions. The

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Pereira, W. E. L., C. B. Ferreira, R. Caserta, M. Melotto, and A. A. de Souza. "Xylella fastidiosa subsp. pauca and fastidiosa Colonize Arabidopsis Systemically and Induce Anthocyanin Accumulation in Infected Leaves." Phytopathology® 109, no. 2 (2019): 225–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/phyto-05-18-0155-fi.

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The bacterium Xylella fastidiosa is a multihost pathogen that affects perennial crops such as grapevine, sweet orange, and olive tree worldwide. It is inherently difficult to study these pathosystems owing to the long-term growth habit of the host plant. Thus, the availability of model plants becomes essential to accelerate discoveries with economic impact. In this study, we uncovered evidence that the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana can be colonized by two different X. fastidiosa subspecies, pauca and fastidiosa. We observed that these bacteria are able to move away from the inoculation poin

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Cendoya, Martina, Joaquín Martínez-Minaya, Vicente Dalmau, et al. "Spatial Bayesian Modeling Applied to the Surveys of Xylella fastidiosa in Alicante (Spain) and Apulia (Italy)." Frontiers in Plant Science 11 (August 14, 2020): 1204. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2020.01204.

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The plant-pathogenic bacterium <em>Xylella fastidiosa</em> was first reported in Europe in 2013, in the province of Lecce, Italy, where extensive areas were affected by the olive quick decline syndrome, caused by the subsp. <em>pauca</em>. In Alicante, Spain, almond leaf scorch, caused by <em>X. fastidiosa</em> subsp. <em>multiplex</em>, was detected in 2017. The effects of climatic and spatial factors on the geographic distribution of <em>X. fastidiosa</em> in these two infested regions in Europe were studied. The presence/absence data of <em>X. fa

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Giampetruzzi, Annalisa, Giusy D’Attoma, Stefania Zicca, et al. "Draft Genome Sequence Resources of Three Strains (TOS4, TOS5, and TOS14) of Xylella fastidiosa Infecting Different Host Plants in the Newly Discovered Outbreak in Tuscany, Italy." Phytopathology® 109, no. 9 (2019): 1516–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/phyto-04-19-0108-a.

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An outbreak of Xylella fastidiosa was discovered in late 2018 in northern Italy affecting several plant species. Multilocus sequence typing analyses detected the presence of strains clustering in X. fastidiosa subsp. multiplex and harboring a hitherto uncharacterized sequence type, ST87. Three cultured strains (TOS4, TOS5, and TOS14) were subjected to high-throughput sequencing and the draft genomes assembled. Phylogenetic analysis conclusively indicated that they belong to the subspecies multiplex. The genetic information generated for these newly discovered strains further supports the evide

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Giampetruzzi, Annalisa, Maria Saponari, Giuliana Loconsole, et al. "Genome-Wide Analysis Provides Evidence on the Genetic Relatedness of the Emergent Xylella fastidiosa Genotype in Italy to Isolates from Central America." Phytopathology® 107, no. 7 (2017): 816–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/phyto-12-16-0420-r.

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Xylella fastidiosa is a plant-pathogenic bacterium recently introduced in Europe that is causing decline in olive trees in the South of Italy. Genetic studies have consistently shown that the bacterial genotype recovered from infected olive trees belongs to the sequence type ST53 within subspecies pauca. This genotype, ST53, has also been reported to occur in Costa Rica. The ancestry of ST53 was recently clarified, showing it contains alleles that are monophyletic with those of subsp. pauca in South America. To more robustly determine the phylogenetic placement of ST53 within X. fastidiosa, we

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Esteves, Mariana B., Heloisa T. Kleina, Tiago de Melo Sales, et al. "Transmission Efficiency of Xylella fastidiosa subsp. pauca Sequence Types by Sharpshooter Vectors after In Vitro Acquisition." Phytopathology® 109, no. 2 (2019): 286–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/phyto-07-18-0254-fi.

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Xylella fastidiosa subsp. pauca is genetically diverse and has many vector species. However, there is limited information on vector specificity and efficiency for different sequence types (STs) within the pathogen subspecies. Both STs of X. fastidiosa and vectors differ in their associations with plants; therefore, assessment of vector competence should include the standardized vector acquisition ability of bacteria from artificial diets. This work aimed to adapt and validate an in vitro acquisition system for strains of X. fastidiosa that cause citrus variegated chlorosis, and to compare the

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Harris, Jordan L., Patrick L. Di Bello, Monica Lear, and Yilmaz Balci. "Bacterial Leaf Scorch in the District of Columbia: Distribution, Host Range, and Presence of Xylella fastidiosa Among Urban Trees." Plant Disease 98, no. 12 (2014): 1611–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-02-14-0158-sr.

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A survey of urban trees affected by bacterial leaf scorch (BLS) caused by Xylella fastidiosa was conducted in the District of Columbia during 2011 and 2012. Over 20 species of urban trees were evaluated at 95 sites. Symptomatic and asymptomatic foliage from trees with BLS symptoms and foliage from neighboring asymptomatic trees were sampled. An X. fastidiosa-specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and a polymerase chain reaction assay were used to detect and identify the strains from environmental samples. Symptomatic trees testing ELISA-positive for X. fastidiosa occurred most freq

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Gomila, Margarita, Eduardo Moralejo, Antonio Busquets, et al. "Draft Genome Resources of Two Strains of Xylella fastidiosa XYL1732/17 and XYL2055/17 Isolated from Mallorca Vineyards." Phytopathology® 109, no. 2 (2019): 222–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/phyto-08-18-0298-a.

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Xylella fastidiosa is a plant-pathogenic bacterium that causes serious diseases in many crops of economic importance and is a quarantine organism in the European Union. This study reports a de novo-assembled draft genome sequence of the first isolates causing Pierce’s disease in Europe: X. fastidiosa subsp. fastidiosa strains XYL1732/17 and XYL2055/17. Both strains were isolated from grapevines (Vitis vinifera) showing Pierce’s disease symptoms at two different locations in Mallorca, Spain. The XYL1732/17 genome is 2,444,109 bp long, with a G+C content of 51.5%; it contains 2,359 open reading

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Di Genova, Dario, Kippy J. Lewis, and Jonathan E. Oliver. "Natural Infection of Southern Highbush Blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum Interspecific Hybrids) by Xylella fastidiosa subsp. fastidiosa." Plant Disease 104, no. 10 (2020): 2598–605. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-11-19-2477-re.

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Xylella fastidiosa (Xf) is an emerging insect-vectored, xylem-limited bacterium that can cause disease on several economically important fruit and tree crops including almond, blueberry, citrus, grapevine, peach, and pecan. On blueberry, Xf causes bacterial leaf scorch (BLS), which is prevalent in the southeastern United States. This disease, previously reported to be caused by Xf subsp. multiplex (Xfm), can result in rapid plant decline and death of southern highbush (SHB) blueberry cultivars. In 2017, a survey of blueberry plantings in southern Georgia (U.S.A.) confirmed the presence of Xf-i

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Velasco-Amo, María Pilar, Luis F. Arias-Giraldo, Concepción Olivares-García, Nicolás Denancé, Marie-Agnès Jacques, and Blanca B. Landa. "Use of traC Gene to Type the Incidence and Distribution of pXFAS_5235 Plasmid-Bearing Strains of Xylella fastidiosa subsp. fastidiosa ST1 in Spain." Plants 11, no. 12 (2022): 1562. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants11121562.

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Xylella fastidiosa (Xf) is a phytopathogenic bacterium with a repertoire of self-replicating genetic elements, including plasmids, pathogenicity islands, and prophages. These elements provide potential avenues for horizontal gene transfer both within and between species and have the ability to confer new virulence traits, including the ability to colonize new host plants. However, they can also serve as a ‘footprint’ to type plasmid-bearing strains. Genome sequencing of several strains of Xf subsp. fastidiosa sequence type (ST) 1 from Mallorca Island, Spain, revealed the presence of a 38 kb pl

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Perelló, Analía, Antonia Romero-Munar, Sergio I. Martinez, et al. "Xylem Sap Mycobiota in Grapevine Naturally Infected with Xylella fastidiosa: A Case Study: Interaction of Xylella fastidiosa with Sclerotinia sclerotiorum." Plants 14, no. 13 (2025): 1976. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants14131976.

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Grapevine (Vitis vinifera) is a key crop in Mediterranean agriculture, now increasingly threatened by Xylella fastidiosa subsp. Fastidiosa (Xff), the causal agent of Pierce’s disease. This study investigated: (1) the diversity of culturable fungal endophytes in the xylem sap of naturally Xff-infected grapevines, and (2) the interaction between Xff and the pathogenic fungus Sclerotinia sclerotiorum identified in the sap. The xylem sap was collected from Cabernet Sauvignon vines in Mallorca, Spain, and fungal communities were characterized using culture-dependent methods. Both beneficial fungi (

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MORALEJO, Eduardo, Bàrbara QUETGLAS, Marina MONTESINOS, et al. "Outbreak of Xylella fastidiosa subsp. pauca ST53 affecting wild and cultivated olive trees on the island of Mallorca, Spain." Phytopathologia Mediterranea 63, no. 3 (2024): 475–80. https://doi.org/10.36253/phyto-15891.

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The Balearic Islands have emerged as a hotspot for the invasive plant pathogen Xylella fastidiosa (Xf). Since 2016, the Xf subsp. fastidiosa and multiplex have been detected causing almond leaf scorch and Pierce’s disease on the island of Mallorca, Spain, and a new sequence type (ST), ST80, of subsp. pauca is infecting wild and cultivated olive trees on the island of Ibiza. In addition, Xf subsp. multiplex ST81 is widespread in scrublands, and causes mild, sub-lethal dieback of wild olive trees in Menorca and Mallorca. A new outbreak is here reported of the Xf subsp. pauca in the municipality

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"Xylella fastidiosa subsp. fastidiosa. [Distribution map]." Distribution Maps of Plant Diseases, No.April (August 1, 2018). http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/dmpd/20183138504.

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Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Xylella fastidiosa subsp. fastidiosa Schaad et al. Gammaproteobacteria: Xanthomonadales: Xanthomonadaceae. Hosts: grapevine (Vitis vinifera), coffee (Coffea spp.), Prunus persica. Information is given on the geographical distribution in Europe (Germany, Spain, Balearic Islands), Asia (Taiwan, North America, Mexico, USA, California, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, Maryland, North Carolina, Texas), Central America & Caribbean (Costa Rica).

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Oliver, Jonathan E., Kippy J. Lewis, Shae J. Taylor, and Jianchi Chen. "Complete Genome Sequences of Xylella fastidiosa subsp. fastidiosa and X. fastidiosa subsp. multiplex Strains Causing Blueberry Bacterial Leaf Scorch Disease in Georgia, USA." Microbiology Resource Announcements, May 31, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mra.00114-23.

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Here, we report the complete genome sequences of Xylella fastidiosa subsp. fastidiosa strain AlmaReb2 and X. fastidiosa subsp. multiplex strain AlmaRebR6, causing blueberry bacterial leaf scorch disease in Georgia, USA. The X. fastidiosa subsp. fastidiosa AlmaRebR2 chromosome is 2,549,422 bp, and the X. fastidiosa subsp. multiplex AlmaReb6 chromosome is 2,530,348 bp.

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Vanhove, Mathieu, Adam C. Rechtless, Anne Sicard, et al. "Genomic Diversity and Recombination among Xylella fastidiosa Subspecies." July 17, 2019. https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM .02972-18.

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<em>Xylella fastidiosa </em>is an economically important bacterial plant pathogen. With insights gained from 72 genomes, this study investigated differences among the three main subspecies, which have allopatric origins: <em>X. fastidiosa</em> subsp. <em>fastidiosa</em>, <em>multiplex</em>, and <em>pauca</em>. The origin of recombinogenic<em> X. fastidiosa</em> subsp. <em>morus </em>and <em>sandyi </em>was also assessed. The evolutionary rate of the 622 genes of the species core genome was estimated at the scale of an <em>X. fastidiosa </em>subsp. <em>pauca </em>subclade (7.62 107 substitution

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"xylella fastidiosa subsp. multiplex." CABI Compendium CABI Compendium (January 7, 2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/cabicompendium.40549980.

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Vanhove, Mathieu, Adam C. Retchless, Anne Sicard, et al. "Genomic Diversity and Recombination among Xylella fastidiosa Subspecies." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 85, no. 13 (2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.02972-18.

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ABSTRACT Xylella fastidiosa is an economically important bacterial plant pathogen. With insights gained from 72 genomes, this study investigated differences among the three main subspecies, which have allopatric origins: X. fastidiosa subsp. fastidiosa, multiplex, and pauca. The origin of recombinogenic X. fastidiosa subsp. morus and sandyi was also assessed. The evolutionary rate of the 622 genes of the species core genome was estimated at the scale of an X. fastidiosa subsp. pauca subclade (7.62 × 10−7 substitutions per site per year), which was subsequently used to estimate divergence time

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"Xylella fastidiosa subsp. fastidiosa (Pierce's disease of grapevine)." CABI Compendium CABI Compendium (January 7, 2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/cabicompendium.27089505.

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Krugner, Rodrigo, Mark S. Sisterson, Jianchi Chen, Drake C. Stenger, and Marshall W. Johnson. "Evaluation of Olive as a Host of Xylella fastidiosa and Associated Sharpshooter Vectors." September 1, 2014. https://doi.org/10.1094/pdis-01-14-0014-re.

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Olive (Olea europaea) trees exhibiting leaf scorch or branch dieback symptoms in California were surveyed for the xylem-limited, fastidious bacterium Xylella fastidiosa. Only approximately 17% of diseased trees tested positive for X. fastidiosa by polymerase chain reaction, and disease symptoms could not be attributed to X. fastidiosa infection of olive in greenhouse pathogenicity assays. Six strains of X. fastidiosa were isolated from olive in Southern California. Molecular assays identified strains recovered from olive as belonging to X. fastidiosa subsp. multiplex. Pathogenicity testing of

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Landa, Blanca B., María P. Velasco-Amo, Ester Marco-Noales, et al. "Draft Genome Sequence of Xylella fastidiosa subsp. fastidiosa Strain IVIA5235, Isolated from Prunus avium in Mallorca Island, Spain." Microbiology Resource Announcements 7, no. 14 (2018). http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mra.01222-18.

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