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Journal articles on the topic 'Yamba (Cameroon and Nigeria)'

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Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 10 February 2022

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1

Bekker, Pieter H. F. "Land and Maritime Boundary between Cameroon and Nigeria (Cameroon v. Nigeria; Equatorial Guinea Intervening)." American Journal of International Law 97, no. 2 (April 2003): 387–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3100114.

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2

Oxman, Bernard H., and Peter H. F. Bekker. "Land and Maritime Boundary between Cameroon and Nigeria (Cameroon v. Nigeria), Preliminary Objections, Judgment." American Journal of International Law 92, no. 4 (October 1998): 751–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2998140.

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Land and Maritime Boundary between Cameroon and Nigeria (Cameroon v. Nigeria) , Preliminary Objections, Judgment.International Court of Justice, June 11, 1998.On March 29, 1994, Cameroon filed an Application requesting that the Court determine the question of sovereignty over the Bakassi Peninsula and a disputed parcel of land in the area of Lake Chad (principally Darak and its region) and to specify the course of the land and maritime boundary between Cameroon and Nigeria. It also asked the Court to order an immediate and unconditional withdrawal of Nigerian troops from alleged Cameroonian territory in the disputed areas. As the basis of the Court's jurisdiction, Cameroon relied on the declarations made by the parties under Article 36, paragraph 2 of the ICJ Statute.

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3

Thomas, Duncan W., and David J. Harris. "New Sapindaceae from Cameroon and Nigeria." Kew Bulletin 54, no. 4 (1999): 951. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/4111173.

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4

Larsen, Ulla. "Trends in Infertility in Cameroon and Nigeria." International Family Planning Perspectives 21, no. 4 (December 1995): 138. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2133320.

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5

Larsen, Ulla. "Differentials in Infertility in Cameroon and Nigeria." Population Studies 49, no. 2 (July 1995): 329–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0032472031000148546.

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6

Somta, P., S. Chankaew, O. Rungnoi, and P. Srinives. "Genetic diversity of the Bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea (L.) Verdc.) as assessed by SSR markers." Genome 54, no. 11 (November 2011): 898–910. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/g11-056.

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Bambara groundnut ( Vigna subterranea (L.) Verdc.) is an important African legume crop. In this study, a collection consisting of 240 accessions was analyzed using 22 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers. In total, 166 alleles were detected, with a mean of 7.59 alleles per locus. Allelic and gene diversities were higher in the west African and Cameroon/Nigeria regions with 6.68 and 6.18 alleles per locus, and 0.601 and 0.571, respectively. The genetic distance showed high similarity between west African and Cameroon/Nigeria accessions. Principal coordinate analyses and neighbor-joining analysis consistently revealed that the majority of west African accessions were grouped with Cameroon/Nigeria accessions, but they were differentiated from east African, central African, and southeast Asian accessions. Population structure analysis showed that two subpopulations existed, and most of the east African accessions were restricted to one subpopulation with some Cameroon/Nigeria accessions, whereas most of the west African accessions were associated with most of the Cameroon/Nigeria accessions in the other subpopulation. Comparison with SSR analysis of other Vigna cultigens, i.e., cultivated azuki bean ( Vigna angularis ) and mungbean ( Vigna radiata ), reveals that the mean gene diversity of Bambara groundnut was lower than azuki bean but higher than mungbean.

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7

Kornaś, Jan. "Pteridophyta collected in Northern Nigeria and Northern Cameroon." Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae 52, no. 3-4 (2014): 321–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.5586/asbp.1983.036.

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25 species of <em>Pteridophyta</em> were collected in Northern Nigeria (mainly the Lake Chad Basin and the Mandara Mts.) and in the neighbouring parts of Cameroon. 11 of them have not been recorded previously from this area: <em>Isoetes schweinfurthii</em> A. Br. in Bak., <em>Selaginella tenerrima</em> A. Br. ex Kuhn, <em>Ophioglossum gomenzianum</em> Welw. ex A. Br., <em>Marsilea coromandeliana</em> Willd., <em>M. distorta</em> A. Br., <em>M. nubica</em> A. Br., <em>M. subterranea</em> Lepr. ex A. Br., <em>Azolla africana</em> Desv., <em>Ceratopteris richardii</em> Brogn., <em>Adiantum capillus-veneris</em> Linn., and <em>Actiniopleris semiflabellata</em> Pic. Ser.

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8

Konings, P. "The Anglophone Cameroon-Nigeria boundary: Opportunities and conflicts." African Affairs 104, no. 415 (April 1, 2005): 275–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/afraf/adi004.

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9

Antunes, Nuno Sérgio Marques. "The Pending Maritime Delimitation in the Cameroon v Nigeria Case: A Piece in the Jigsaw Puzzle of the Gulf of Guinea." International Journal of Marine and Coastal Law 15, no. 2 (2000): 163–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/157180800x00073.

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AbstractOn 29 March 1994, Cameroon seized the International Court of Justice of a dispute against Nigeria. Inter alia, Cameroon requested the Court "to proceed to prolong the course of its maritime boundary with the Federal Republic of Nigeria up to the limit of the maritime zones which international law places under their respective jurisdictions". Considering that its rights and interests might be affected by the Court's decision on this matter, Equatorial Guinea filed an Application for Permission to Intervene in the Cameroon v Nigeria case. By an order of 21 October 1999 the Court granted Equatorial Guinea's request. This article seeks to examine the question of maritime delimitation as it is presented to the Court in the Cameroon v Nigeria case, taking into account the geographical setting that characterises the Gulf of Guinea, an area where the potential maritime entitlements of five states overlap considerably.

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MANU, SHIIWUA, INAOYOM SUNDAY IMONG, and WILL CRESSWELL. "Bird species richness and diversity at montane Important Bird Area (IBA) sites in south-eastern Nigeria." Bird Conservation International 20, no. 3 (January 11, 2010): 231–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0959270909990311.

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SummaryThe mountains of south-eastern Nigeria are a western extension of the Cameroon mountain range, which is classified as an endemic bird area (EBA). Unlike its eastern extension in Cameroon, most of the ornithological surveys in the western extension of the Cameroon highlands in Nigeria have produced only limited checklists and inventories. There is a clear need for quantitative baseline data so that conservation problems can be identified. Twenty line transects covering a total transect length of 28.8 km were used to survey five sites (Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary, Oban Division and Okwangwo Division of Cross River National Park, Sankwala Mountains and Mbe Mountains) in the westernmost extension of the Cameroon Mountains EBA in south-eastern Nigeria. Vegetation measurements were taken to control for the potential confounding effect of variation in vegetation density and structure on detectability of birds between sites. The 193 bird species recorded in Afi, 158 in Sankwala, 124 in Oban, 100 in Mbe and 73 in Okwangwo Division included most of the Cameroon highlands restricted range species. The results show that the mountains of south-eastern Nigeria are important parts of the Cameroon EBA, particularly Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary. However these sites are threatened by fire and livestock grazing on the hilltops, shifting agriculture on the hillsides and lowlands, and logging for timber in some parts, as well as wildlife hunting for bushmeat.

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11

Sharma, Prabhakar. "Nigeria-Cameroon Border Demarcation at a Glance and Lessons Learned for Nepal." Journal on Geoinformatics, Nepal 14 (March 13, 2017): 33–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/njg.v14i0.16973.

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The border demarcation between two countries usually takes place after wars or serious conflicts. Nigeria, which has the largest army in Africa, showed that it had a big heart when it reached an agreement with Cameroon as per the 2002 ICJ judgment without waging a war with its much smaller neighbor Cameroon. Although many Nigerians feel that Cameroon has gained a lot more than Nigeria, especially when Nigeria decided to hand over sovereignty of the 1000 sq-km oil-rich Bakassi peninsula to Cameroon, the Nigerian government is eager to make a closure of the boundary demarcation as per the 152-page ICJ judgment.Ever since the demarcation activity started with a pilot project in 2005, many field missions have taken place with the mediation/facilitation of the United Nations, which has provided logistical and partial financial support and has brought in experts from all over the world.The field demarcation along the land, river and ocean boundaries between Nigeria and Cameroon has mostly been completed, except for the final mapping and emplacement of boundary pillars along some sections of the border which are inaccessible or are marked ‘disagreement areas’. There are some serious security threats posed by Boko Haram in the disagreement areas in the north.The best practices used in the Nigeria-Cameroon border demarcation are outlined below. Nepal could take some valuable lessons from the demarcation methods used by these two countries and maintain the political will to carry on the border demarcation works which can be technically and physically challenging and politically complex.Nepalese Journal on Geoinformatics, Vol. 14, 2015, Page: 33-36

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12

Evans, Malcom D., and JG Merrills. "III. Land and Maritime Boundary Between Cameroon and Nigeria (Cameroon v Nigeria:: Equatorial Guinea Intervening), Merits, Judgment of 10 October 2002." International and Comparative Law Quarterly 52, no. 3 (July 2003): 788–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/iclq/52.3.788.

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On 10 October 2002 the International Court of Justice gave its decision on the merits in the case brought by the Republic of Cameroon against the Federal Republic of Nigeria over their land and maritime boundary. The judgment, which addresses a number of issues of general international law concerning maritime boundaries and territorial sovereignty, as well as providing a detailed treatment of the particular facts, concludes a case that began in 1994 and has had an unusual history. As this background had a significant bearing on the eventual outcome, a brief recapitulation may be useful.

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13

Leidy, Lynnette E. "The practice of terminal abstinence in Nigeria and Cameroon." American Journal of Human Biology 5, no. 5 (1993): 565–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ajhb.1310050508.

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14

Sztucki, Jerzy. "Case Analysis: Case Concerning Land and Maritime Boundary (Cameroon v. Nigeria): Provisional Measures, Order of 15 March 1996." Leiden Journal of International Law 10, no. 2 (June 1997): 341–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0922156597000290.

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By an application filed on 29 March 1994, Cameroon instituted proceedings against Nigeria, relying on the declarations under Article 36(2) of the Statute of the Court, made by both states without reservations. The dispute, according to the Application, related “essentially to the question of sovereignty over the Bakassi Peninsula”, where, “since the end of 1993”, the Nigerian troops were “occupying several Cameroonian localities”. Cameroon also requested the Court “to determine the course of the maritime boundary between the two states beyond the line fixed in 1975”. In an ‘Additional Application’, filed on 6 June 1994, Cameroon extended the subject of the dispute “essentially to the question of sovereignty over a part of the territory of Cameroon in the area of Lake Chad”, which had become the object of “the official […] claim […] by […] Nigeria quite recently, for the first time”; and also requested the Court “to specify definitely” the whole frontier line from Lake Chad to the sea, and to examine the two Applications as a single case. In its counter-memorial, filed within the prescribed time-limit (18 December 1995), Nigeria raised objections to the jurisdiction of the Court and the admissibility of the Cameroonian claims, whereupon the proceedings on the merits were suspended and the President of the Court fixed 15 May 1996 as the time-limit within which Cameroon might present its observations on the Nigerian objections.

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15

Johnmary Ani, Kelechi, Tiobo Gabriel Wose Kinge, and Victor Ojakorotu. "Nigeria-Cameroon relations : focus on economic history and border diplomacy." Journal of African Foreign Affairs 5, no. 2 (August 12, 2018): 147–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.31920/2056-5658/2018/v5n2a8.

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16

Abwe, Ekwoge E., Bethan J. Morgan, Roger Doudja, Fabrice Kentatchime, Flaubert Mba, Alvine Dadjo, Dana M. Venditti, et al. "Dietary Ecology of the Nigeria–Cameroon Chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes ellioti)." International Journal of Primatology 41, no. 1 (February 2020): 81–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10764-020-00138-7.

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17

Hayatudeen, Salihu Zummo, and Saidou Baba Oumar. "The Unrecorded Cattle Business and the Provisioning of Social Utilities to Traders across the Nigeria-Cameroon Border." International Journal of Economics and Finance 8, no. 2 (January 24, 2016): 127. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ijef.v8n2p127.

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This paper analyzes the extent to which the unrecorded cattle business across the Nigeria-Cameroon border facilitates the provisioning of social utilities such as potable water, electricity, and healthcare to traders. It uses primary data obtained from 480 traders in 8 cattle market centers in Nigeria and Cameroon, and secondary data on the trade activities. Both the descriptive and inferential methods of data scrutiny are employed to achieve the aims of the investigation. Results of the paper reveal that the trade empowers only a few among the traders to easy access to social utilities in the study area due to misplacement of priorities and under-utilization of available resources in both countries. As a result, the paper recommends to Nigeria and Cameroon to reflect on how to enforce the proposals of the resources availability and vent-for-surplus theories of trade with little amendments based on their prevailing specificities to make the trade official.

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Kamgang, Serge Alexis, Kadiri Serge Bobo, Mary Katherine Gonder, Bernard Fosso, Albert Mounga, Roger Corneille Fotso, Bertille Alix N. Ngougni Kenfack, and Brice Sinsin. "Interactions Between People and Nigeria-Cameroon Chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes ellioti) Around Mbam-Djerem National Park, Central Cameroon." Tropical Conservation Science 14 (January 2021): 194008292110335. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/19400829211033504.

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Understanding the interactions between local people and chimpanzees is crucial to develop sustainable wildlife conservation strategies and management policy in the Mbam-Djerem National Park (MDNP). The MDNP covers about 416,512 ha and shelters the Nigeria-Cameroon chimpanzee ( Pan troglodytes ellioti) being the most endangered of all currently recognized chimpanzee subspecies. Close to 30,000 people live in the periphery of the MDNP and depend on the park’s resources for subsistence. We investigated the extent of, and factors leading to, the interactions between people and chimpanzees through a socio-economic survey focusing on households (124) and individual interviews (38) in 30% of villages around MDNP. About 95% of the respondents stated that human–wildlife conflict is an issue around MDNP. Access to resources (78.9%), crop damage (84%), and animal attack (11.3%) were the main sources of conflicts. The ground squirrel Xerus erythropus (59.7%), the green monkey Chlorocebus aethiops (20.2%), chimpanzees (7.3%) and baboons Papio anubis (5.6%) were identified as the main conflict animals and the destroyed crops included peanuts (70.2%), maize (15%) and cassava (5%). The population perceptions differed between the park’s four sectors and were significantly influenced by education and the main livelihood activity. The study also provided quantitative evidence on the role of personal and religious beliefs on the behavior towards chimpanzees. Our findings suggest that the improvement of income-generating activities and education will contribute to strengthening the conservation of chimpanzees.

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Olasunkanmi, OSENI Isiaq. "Analysis of Convergence of Fiscal Variables in Sub-Saharan African Countries (1981-2007): A Stochastic Technique." Journal of Economics and Behavioral Studies 3, no. 4 (October 15, 2011): 235–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.22610/jebs.v3i4.276.

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The study examined the analysis of convergence of fiscal variables among Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) countries for the period 1981-2007. Secondary time-series data were used for the study and analysed using econometric techniques. The results showed that there were convergence in Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Nigeria, Rwanda, Sierra Leone and Uganda while there were divergence in Burundi, Kenya, Mauritius and South Africa. The study concluded that only Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Nigeria, Rwanda, Sierra Leone and Uganda could form Economic and Monetary Union (EMU) as a result of their convergence of Fiscal Variables.

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20

Adejumo, Dolapo Oluwafemi, Temidaya Adeniyi Adeyanju, and Taiye Esther Adeyanju. "Range extension and first confirmed record of the Flightless Anomalure Zenkerella insignis (Matschie, 1898) (Mammalia: Rodentia: Anomaluridae) in Nigeria." Journal of Threatened Taxa 12, no. 13 (September 26, 2020): 16900–16903. http://dx.doi.org/10.11609/jott.5876.12.13.16900-16903.

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The Cameroon Scaly-tail Zenkerella insignis is the only known extant species in the family Zenkerellidae. It is a rare mammal endemic to the thick rainforests of central and western Africa. This species is so rarely encountered that the first picture of a live specimen was taken in 2015. We encountered and photographed the elusive scaly-tail in the core zone of Omo Forest Reserve in Nigeria in May 2019. Its behaviour was also observed. This sighting is the first record of the Cameroon Scaly-tail in Nigeria and a significant westward range extension.

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Amin, Julius A. "Cameroon's relations toward Nigeria: a foreign policy of pragmatism." Journal of Modern African Studies 58, no. 1 (February 20, 2020): 1–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022278x19000545.

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AbstractExisting literature argues that the tactics of Cameroon foreign policy have been conservative, weak and timid. This study refutes that perspective. Based on extensive and previously unused primary sources obtained from Cameroon's Ministry of External Relations and from the nation's archives in Buea and Yaoundé, this study argues that Cameroon's foreign policy was neither timid nor makeshift. Its strategy was one of pragmatism. By examining the nation's policy toward Nigeria in the reunification of Cameroon, the Nigerian civil war, the Bakassi Peninsula crisis and Boko Haram, the study maintains that, while the nation's policy was cautious, its leaders focused on the objectives and as a result scored major victories. The study concludes by suggesting that President Paul Biya invokes the same skills he used in foreign policy to address the ongoing Anglophone problem, a problem that threatens to unravel much of what the country has accomplished.

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Ngara, Christopher Ochanja, and Albert T. Sam-Tsokwa. "Executive-Legislative Relations in Nigeria’s Management of the Border Crisis between Nigeria and Cameroon: The Case of the ICJ Ruling on the Bakassi Peninsula." Journal of Politics and Law 11, no. 2 (May 31, 2018): 61. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jpl.v11n2p61.

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This paper examines Executive-Legislative relations in Nigeria’s management of the border crisis between Nigeria and Cameroon with special focus on the ICJ ruling on the Bakassi Peninsula. Using both primary and secondary data, the paper traced the root cause of the border dispute between Nigeria and Cameroon on the Bakassi Pennisula to colonial legacy of arbitrary boundary demarcation by erstwhile colonial powers, namely; Britain, Germany and France. The border crisis resulted in a protracted litigation and eventually culminated in the ICJ ruling which awarded the Bakassi Peninsula to Cameroon in 2002. The executive and the National Assembly which share constitutional responsibilities in external relations could not forge a common policy agenda on the matter. In many instance, both arms of government appeared confused and bereft of ideas to handle situation. The lack of consistent and coherent policy framework on the matter stemmed from inexperience and lack of political will on the part of the National Assembly as well as frequent conflict and mistrust between the two arms of government. Consequently, the Executive arm of government handed over the disputed territory to Cameroon without the approval of the National Assembly. The paper concludes that the Executive and the Legislature in Nigeria should see their roles in government as complimentary and always put national interest above other considerations.

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23

Fotang, Chefor, Udo Bröring, Christian Roos, Evidence Chinedu Enoguanbhor, Ekwoge E. Abwe, Paul Dutton, Peter Schierack, Tsi Evaristus Angwafo, and Klaus Birkhofer. "Human Activity and Forest Degradation Threaten Populations of the Nigeria–Cameroon Chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes ellioti) in Western Cameroon." International Journal of Primatology 42, no. 1 (February 2021): 105–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10764-020-00191-2.

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AbstractIncreased human activities such as commodity-led deforestation, extension of agriculture, urbanization, and wildfires are major drivers of forest loss worldwide. In Cameroon, these activities cause a loss of suitable primate habitat and could ultimately threaten the survival of chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes). We derived independent estimates of the population size of the Endangered Nigeria–Cameroon chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes ellioti) in Kom-Wum Forest Reserve, Cameroon, and surrounding unprotected forest areas through 1) direct observations, 2) camera trapping, 3) distance sampling, 4) marked nest counts, and 5) standing crop nest counts. In addition, we georeferenced signs of chimpanzee and human activity along line transects. We used a generalized linear mixed model to predict the occurrence of chimpanzees in response to edge length (measured as the perimeter of core forest patches), core area of forest patches (measured as area of forest patches beyond an edge width of 100 m), habitat perforation (measured as the perimeter of nonforested landscape within core forest patches), patch size(measured as area of forest patches), and forest cover. Chimpanzee density estimates ranged from 0.1 (direct observation) to 0.9 (distance sampling) individuals km−2 depending on estimation method with a mean nest group size of 7 ± 5.4 (SD). The mean encounter rate for signs of chimpanzee activity was significantly higher in mature forests (2.3 signs km−1) than in secondary forests (0.3 signs km−1) and above 1000 m elevation (4.0 signs km−1) than below 1000 m (1.0 signs km−1). The mean encounter rate for signs of human activity was significantly higher in secondary (8.0 signs km−1) than in mature forests (0.9 signs km−1). Secondary forests, habitat perforation, and edge length had a significant negative effect on the occurrence of chimpanzee signs. Overall, human activity and forest degradation affected the number of observed chimpanzee signs negatively. Regular antipoaching patrols and reforestation programs in degraded areas could potentially reduce threats to populations of endangered species and may increase suitable habitat area.

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Mas’ud, Abdullahi Abubakar, Asan Vernyuy Wirba, Jorge Alfredo Ardila-Rey, Ricardo Albarracín, Firdaus Muhammad-Sukki, Álvaro Jaramillo Duque, Nurul Aini Bani, and Abu Bakar Munir. "Wind Power Potentials in Cameroon and Nigeria: Lessons from South Africa." Energies 10, no. 4 (March 27, 2017): 443. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en10040443.

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Eweka, Osagioduwa, and Toluwanimi Oluwakorede Olusegun. "Management of Internally Displaced Persons in Africa: Comparing Nigeria and Cameroon." African Research Review 10, no. 1 (February 3, 2016): 193. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/afrrev.v10i1.15.

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Hurault, Jean. "A report on archaeological surveys in the Cameroon-Nigeria border region." Africa 58, no. 4 (October 1988): 470–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1160353.

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Abwe, Ekwoge E., Bethan J. Morgan, Barthelemy Tchiengue, Fabrice Kentatchime, Roger Doudja, Marcel E. Ketchen, Eric Teguia, et al. "Habitat differentiation among three Nigeria–Cameroon chimpanzee ( Pan troglodytes ellioti ) populations." Ecology and Evolution 9, no. 3 (January 10, 2019): 1489–500. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ece3.4871.

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TANGWA, GODFREY B., and NCHANGWI SYNTIA MUNUNG. "Sprinting Research and Spot Jogging Regulation: The State of Bioethics in Cameroon." Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics 20, no. 3 (May 20, 2011): 356–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0963180111000041.

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Cameroon is a Central African country lying at latitude 6°N and longitude 12°E. The country has a surface area of circa 475,442 square kilometers, and is bordered by several other African countries: Nigeria, Chad, the Central African Republic, the Republic of Congo, Equatorial Guinea, and Gabon. With a population of nearly 20 million inhabitants, Cameroon is a very diverse country, geographically, culturally, and linguistically.

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Gvoždík, Václav, Tadeáš Nečas, Matej Dolinay, Breda M. Zimkus, Andreas Schmitz, and Eric B. Fokam. "Evolutionary history of the Cameroon radiation of puddle frogs (Phrynobatrachidae: Phrynobatrachus), with descriptions of two critically endangered new species from the northern Cameroon Volcanic Line." PeerJ 8 (March 3, 2020): e8393. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.8393.

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The Cameroon Volcanic Line, a mountain chain located between West and Central Africa, is a region of numerous endemic diversifications, including of puddle frogs (Phrynobatrachus). This study reviews the phylogeny and taxonomy of puddle frogs of the “Cameroon radiation,” which is a clade containing mainly montane but also at least three lowland species. Molecular data revealed a novel evolutionary lineage from high altitudes in the northern part of the mountains. Puddle frogs from the new, minute-sized (SVL < 20 mm) lineage are identified using molecular, morphological and acoustic data and described as two new species, Phrynobatrachus arcanus sp. nov. (Gotel Mountains, Cameroon–Nigeria) and P. mbabo sp. nov. (Tchabal Mbabo, Cameroon). The tadpole of the first species is also described. Phylogenetic analyses placed the new lineage to the proximity of the recently described lowland small-sized taxa (P. horsti, P. ruthbeateae). Based on the inferred phylogeny, we propose five species groups within the Cameroon radiation: P. arcanus, P. chukuchuku, P. ruthbeateae, P. steindachneri, and P. werneri. The taxonomically enigmatic P. hylaios is proposed to be a member of the P. ruthbeateae species group. The basal radiation evolved during the late Miocene with subsequent diversifications occurring during the Pliocene, while closely related terminal taxa originated during the Pleistocene. We recommend that the newly described species are categorized as Critically Endangered due to their limited ranges and because recent surveys did not identify any individuals at the type localities. This further supports the need for conservation interventions in the mountains of Cameroon and Nigeria.

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Ndzifon Kimengsi, Jude. "Cameroon-Nigeria Border Conflict Incidence on Trade Patterns and Dynamics Within Near-Border Settlements of the Bakassi Peninsula, Cameroon." Urban and Regional Planning 3, no. 1 (2018): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.11648/j.urp.20180301.13.

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MEERTS, PIERRE. "The genus Vitex (Lamiaceae) in the flora of Cameroon." Phytotaxa 434, no. 2 (February 26, 2020): 131–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.434.2.1.

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The revision of the genus Vitex L. in Cameroon is presented. Sixteen taxa are accepted in Cameroon (15 species, 1 variety). One new variety is described (V. gabunensis var. daubyi). Three species are new to the flora of the country (V. ciliata, V. gabunensis, V. oxycuspis). Five new synonyms are proposed. Lectotypes are designated for V. grandifolia, V. bipindensis and V. zenkeri. In the current state of knowledge, two taxa are endemic to Cameroon (V. lokundjensis, V. yaundensis) and one taxon is a near-endemic, just extending to Nigeria (V. bogalensis). Two names remain unplaced because no original material has been found.

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Knight, Alexander, Hazel M. Chapman, and Marie Hale. "Habitat fragmentation and its implications for Endangered chimpanzeePan troglodytesconservation." Oryx 50, no. 3 (July 20, 2015): 533–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0030605315000332.

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AbstractTaraba State, Nigeria, is an important conservation site for the Endangered Nigeria–Cameroon chimpanzeePan troglodytes ellioti. Gashaka Gumti National Park, Nigeria's largest national park and home to potentially the largest contiguous population of the Nigeria–Cameroon chimpanzee, spans a significant portion of the eastern sector of Taraba and the adjoining Adamawa State. South of the Park, Ngel Nyaki Forest Reserve comprises two forest fragments and holds a small population of chimpanzees. We investigated the existence of patterns in population structure and dispersal within this region, using microsatellite loci extracted from non-invasive sources of DNA. Our results indicate that dispersal and thus gene flow between the groups of chimpanzees at the Park and Reserve is limited, at least more so than it is within the Park, and we identified a biased sex ratio at the Reserve, forewarning of potential conservation concerns in relation to demographic and genetic stochasticity. We discuss conservation actions that may be applicable to sustaining the population within Ngel Nyaki Forest Reserve.

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Sterner, Judy, and Nicholas David. "Gender and Caste in the Mandara Highlands: Northeastern Nigeria and Northern Cameroon." Ethnology 30, no. 4 (October 1991): 355. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3773690.

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Evans, Malcolm D., and J. G. Merrills. "I. The Land and Maritime Boundary Case (Cameroon v. Nigeria), Preliminary Objections." International and Comparative Law Quarterly 48, no. 3 (July 1999): 651–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s002058930006348x.

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Okoi, Obasesam. "Why Nations Fight: The Causes of the Nigeria–Cameroon Bakassi Peninsula Conflict." African Security 9, no. 1 (January 2, 2016): 42–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19392206.2016.1132904.

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Locatelli, Sabrina, Ryan J. Harrigan, Paul R. Sesink Clee, Matthew W. Mitchell, Kurt A. McKean, Thomas B. Smith, and Mary Katherine Gonder. "Why Are Nigeria-Cameroon Chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes ellioti) Free of SIVcpz Infection?" PLOS ONE 11, no. 8 (August 9, 2016): e0160788. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0160788.

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MACDONALD, DAVID W., PAUL J. JOHNSON, LISE ALBRECHTSEN, ADAM DUTTON, SARAH SEYMOUR, JEF DUPAIN, AMY HALL, and JOHN E. FA. "Association of Body Mass with Price of Bushmeat in Nigeria and Cameroon." Conservation Biology 25, no. 6 (October 3, 2011): 1220–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1523-1739.2011.01741.x.

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Adenikinju, Adeola, Ludvig Söderling, Charles Soludo, and Aristomène Varoudakis. "Manufacturing Competitiveness in Africa: Evidence from Cameroon, Côte d'Ivoire, Nigeria, and Senegal." Economic Development and Cultural Change 50, no. 3 (April 2002): 643–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/342423.

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Kanouo, Nguo Sylvestre, David Richard Lentz, Khin Zaw, Charles Makoundi, Emmanuel Afanga Archelaus Basua, Rose Fouateu Yongué, and Emmanuel Njonfang. "New Insights into Pre-to-Post Ediacaran Zircon Fingerprinting of the Mamfe PanAfrican Basement, SW Cameroon: A Possible Link with Rocks in SE Nigeria and the Borborema Province of NE Brazil." Minerals 11, no. 9 (August 30, 2021): 943. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min11090943.

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The pre- to post-Late Neoproterozoic geological histories in the south to southwestern part of Mamfe Basin (SW Cameroon) were reported following analysis of the zircon crystals from their host rocks. A genetic model was developed for the zircon host rocks’ formation conditions, and the registered post-emplacement events were presented. The obtained ages were correlated with the data available for rocks in the Cameroon Mobile Belt, SE Nigeria, and the Borborema Province of NE Brazil. Separated zircons from Araru black to whitish gneiss, Araru whitish-grey gneiss, and Mboifong migmatite were analyzed for their morphology and texture U-Th-Pb composition, and U-Pb ages. Published U-Pb zircon ages for Otu granitic pegmatite, Babi mica schist, and Nkogho I-type anatectic granite were updated. Zircon ages in Araru black to whitish gneiss; Araru whitish-grey, Mboifong migmatite, Babi mica schist, Nkogho I-type anatectic granite, and Otu granitic pegmatite date the Eburnean tectono-magmatic/metamorphic event in Cameroon and SE Nigeria. The Late Paleoproterozoic to Early Mesoproterozoic ages record extensional (continental rift) settings and anorogenic magmatism in the Borborema Province in the NE of Brazil. These ages date collisional phases between the São Francisco–Congo and West African cratons and the Saharan metacraton with metamorphism and magmatism in Cameroon. They also date the Kibarian tectono-magmatic/metamorphism and PanAfrican tectono-magmatic/metamorphism in SE Nigeria. The Late Paleoproterozoic to Early Mesoproterozoic ages date the Cariris Velhos orogeny in the Borborema Province in NE Brazil, with Early Tonian crustal rifting, magmatism, and metamorphism and the collisional phase of the Brasiliano orogeny with syn-collisional plutons and extensive shear zoning and post-collisional granite intrusions.

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Dabrowski, Z. T. "Two new species of Cicadulina China (Hemiptera: Euscelidae) from West Africa." Bulletin of Entomological Research 77, no. 1 (March 1987): 53–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007485300011524.

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AbstractTwo new species of Cicadulina, C. ghaurii sp. n. and C. hartmansi sp. n., are described. Both occur over a wide area in Nigeria and Cameroon, and C. ghaurii has been shown to transmit maize streak virus.

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Morgan, Bethan J., John Ngu Suh, and Ekwoge E. Abwe. "Attempted Predation by Nigeria-Cameroon Chimpanzees(Pan troglodytes ellioti)on Preusss Red Colobus(Procolobus preussi)in the Ebo Forest, Cameroon." Folia Primatologica 83, no. 3-6 (2012): 329–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000339813.

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Nneji, Lotanna Micah, Adeniyi Charles Adeola, Agboola Okeyoyin, Abiodun Biodun Onadeko, Edem Archibong Eniang, Akindele Oluwatosin Adeyi, Segun Olayinka Oladipo, et al. "First record of Foulassi Screeching Frog, Arthroleptis adelphus (Perret, 1966) (Anura, Arthroleptidae, Arthroleptinae), from Nigeria, with notes on its phylogenetic position." Check List 15, no. 2 (March 1, 2019): 253–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.15560/15.2.253.

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We report the first known occurrence of the Foulassi Screeching Frog, Arthroleptis adelphus (Perret, 1966), from Nigeria. A specimen of A. adelphus was collected during herpetological survey work conducted in Cross River National Park, south-eastern Nigeria. Morphometrics and mitochondrial 16S rRNA gene confirm identity of the specimen. Matrilineal genealogy reveals a sister relationship of A. adelphus from Nigeria with individuals from south-western Cameroon. Genetic analysis further shows geographic structuring and divergence among populations of A. adelphus from the Guineo–Congolian forest region. We offer updates to the IUCN geographic range of A. adelphus.

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Weiss, Holger. "The Illegal Trade in Slaves from German Northern Cameroon to British Northern Nigeria." African Economic History, no. 28 (2000): 141. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3601652.

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Blackburn, David C., Václav Gvoždík, and Adam D. Leaché. "A New Squeaker Frog (Arthroleptidae: Arthroleptis) from the Mountains of Cameroon and Nigeria." Herpetologica 66, no. 3 (September 2010): 335–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1655/herpetologica-d-10-00015.1.

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Chiluwa, Innocent. "Community and Social Interaction in Digital Religious Discourse in Nigeria, Ghana and Cameroon." Journal of Religion, Media and Digital Culture 2, no. 1 (December 6, 2013): 1–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/21659214-90000022.

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Since the advent of the Internet, religion has maintained a very strong online presence. This study examines how African Christianity is negotiated and practised on the Internet. The main objectives are to investigate to what extent online worshippers in Nigeria, Ghana and Cameroon constitute (online) communities and how interactive the social networks of the churches are. This study shows that some important criteria for community are met by African digital worshippers. However, interaction flow is more of one to many, thus members do not regularly interact with one another as they would in offline worship. Worshippers view the forums as a sacred space solely for spiritual matters and not for sharing social or individual feelings and problems. However, the introduction of social media networks such as Facebook, Twitter, YouTube and interactive forums is an interesting and promising new development in religious worship in Africa.

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Nwokolo, Ndubuisi N. "Peace-building or structural violence? Deconstructing the aftermath of Nigeria/Cameroon boundary demarcation." African Security Review 29, no. 1 (January 2, 2020): 41–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10246029.2020.1734644.

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Cheek, Martin, and Martin Etuge. "Deinbollia oreophila (Sapindaceae), a new submontane species from Western Cameroon and adjoining Nigeria." Kew Bulletin 64, no. 3 (September 2009): 503–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12225-009-9132-4.

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Ebong A, Edem, Agba A. Ogaboh, and Iji M. Eru. "Cameroon Refugees’ Settlement in Ogoja, Nigeria: Implication on Labour Market and the Environment." Global Journal of Social Sciences Studies 6, no. 1 (2020): 29–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.20448/807.6.1.29.38.

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Connell, Bruce, David Zeitlyn, Sascha Griffiths, Laura Hayward, and Marieke Martin. "Language ecology, language endangerment, and relict languages: Case studies from Adamawa (Cameroon-Nigeria)." Open Linguistics 7, no. 1 (January 1, 2021): 244–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/opli-2021-0011.

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Abstract As a contribution to the more general discussion on causes of language endangerment and death, we describe the language ecologies of four related languages (Bà Mambila [mzk]/[mcu], Sombә (Somyev or Kila) [kgt], Oumyari Wawa [www], Njanga (Kwanja) [knp]) of the Cameroon-Nigeria borderland to reach an understanding of the factors and circumstances that have brought two of these languages, Sombә and Njanga, to the brink of extinction; a third, Oumyari, is unstable/eroded, while Bà Mambila is stable. Other related languages of the area, also endangered and in one case extinct, fit into our discussion, though with less focus. We argue that an understanding of the language ecology of a region (or of a given language) leads to an understanding of the vitality of a language. Language ecology seen as a multilayered phenomenon can help explain why the four languages of our case studies have different degrees of vitality. This has implications for how language change is conceptualised: we see multilingualism and change (sometimes including extinction) as normative.

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Fombang, MccPowell Sali, and Charles Komla Adjasi. "Access to finance and firm innovation." Journal of Financial Economic Policy 10, no. 1 (April 3, 2018): 73–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jfep-10-2016-0070.

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Purpose The study aims to examine the importance of access to finance in firm innovation by using firm-level data from the World Bank enterprise survey (WBES) on selected African countries. Design/methodology/approach This study utilises firm-level data from the WBES database and computes aggregate innovation index by using multiple correspondent analysis. The authors then apply instrumental variable models (to control for possible endogeneity between innovation and finance) to assess the link between finance and innovation. Findings The research finds that finance in the form of overdraft overwhelmingly drives innovation in all selected countries – Cameroon, Kenya, Morocco, Nigeria and South Africa. Trade credit enhances innovation among firms in Nigeria, South Africa and Cameroon, while asset finance drives innovation amongst firms in Cameroon, Nigeria and South Africa. Practical implications Policy incentives such as tax breaks could be put in place for financial intermediaries that have shown proof of extending loans to financially constraint firms to enable them to innovate. Furthermore, different financial institutions such as microfinance institutions can be supported to increase credit to enterprises. Partnerships with organisations willing to fund firms and support start-ups should be encouraged. One of such support mechanisms could be specialised schemes such as a credit guarantee scheme to encourage and secure lending to enterprises to promote innovation. Originality/value This paper provides empirical insights into how finance enhances innovation in African enterprises. It also shows how different finance structures (overdraft, asset finance and trade credit) affect firm innovation in different African countries.

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