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Journal articles on the topic 'Yamuna River (India)'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 2 February 2022

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1

Gopal, Brij, and Malavika Sah. "Conservation and Management of Rivers in India: Case-study of the River Yamuna." Environmental Conservation 20, no. 3 (1993): 243–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0376892900023031.

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The River Yamuna, originating in the Himalayas, is the largest tributary of the River Ganga (Ganges) into which it flows at Allahabad. Its drainage basin covers about 42% of the Ganga River basin and about 11% of India's total land area. The area of the Yamuna drainage basin is densely populated and under intensive agriculture, while industrial activity is also rapidly growing in it. Climatically, a large part of the basin is semi-arid, and the river-flow depends upon highly erratic monsoonal rains. Therefore, the River and its tributaries have been regulated for over a century by dams and barrages for domestic water-supply and irrigation.Besides increased flow-regulation, the River's system has been under increasing anthropogenic stress from discharge of—mostly untreated—domestic and industrial wastewaters, and from other activities in the basin. River Yamuna is severely polluted by domestic and industrial effluents especially from Delhi down to Agra. Water extraction and consequently low flow has affected the selfpurification capacity of the River. The greater inflow of River Chambal helps River Yamuna to recover to some extent after their confluence near Etawah.Studies of water quality and biota of the River Yamuna along its course during the past 30 years show rapid deterioration of water-quality, loss of fisheries, and significant changes in the biotic communities. In the manner of River Yamuna, its tributaries have also become increasingly polluted during the same period. There has, however, been little attention paid to the management of the River system and conservation of its resources, except for some efforts at the treatment of sewage effluents but emphasizing only water-quality. Ignoring the river-flood-plain interactions which play significant roles in the ecology of a river, most of the floodplain has been reclaimed by constructing high levees.We emphasize that the Yamuna River basin should be treated as one ecocomplex in developing appropriate management strategies, and that the conservation of waterquality and biota can be achieved through protection and better management of floodplains than has been practised to date.

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2

Sharma, Shikha, Pawan Kumar Jha, Manju Rawat Ranjan, Umesh Kumar Singh, Manish Kumar, and Tanu Jindal. "Nutrient Chemistry of River Yamuna, India." Asian Journal of Water, Environment and Pollution 14, no. 2 (April 15, 2017): 61–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/ajw-170016.

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3

Sharma, M. P., S. K. Singal, and S. Patra. "Water Quality Profile of Yamuna River, India." Hydro Nepal: Journal of Water, Energy and Environment 3 (May 26, 2009): 19–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/hn.v3i0.1914.

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The water quality profile of a river represents the extent of its pollution in terms of health of a river with respect to its longitudinal direction. This paper deals with the water quality profile of north India’s Yamuna river using physico-chemical and bacteriological parameters that converge into a single value NSF WQI. The water quality map of the river has been prepared showing that the Delhi stretch is highly polluted due to dumping of waste and discharge of untreated sewage and industrial effluents. The water quality map is a useful tool for policy makers, decision makers and environmentalists to suggest and implement appropriate conservation measures to improve the health of the water body.Key words: Water quality; pollution; river profile; indices; mapping; Indiadoi: 10.3126/hn.v3i0.1914Hydro Nepal Journal of Water, Energy and Environment Issue No. 3, July 2008. Page: 19-24

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4

Shukla, Manoj Kumar, Pushpendra Kumar Khare, Sadhana Chaurasia, and Ravindra Singh. "Fish Diversity and their Limnological Status of River Yamuna at Kalpi, U.P., India." Hydro Nepal: Journal of Water, Energy and Environment 19 (July 26, 2016): 57–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/hn.v19i0.15355.

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We explore fish diversity and limnological status in the Yamuna River in Kalpi district, Uttar Pradesh, India. Several industrial and urban centers sit on the banks of the Yamuna in Uttar Pradesh. We selected four sampling stations on the Yamuna for purposes of fish fauna and water quality analysis over the course of a calendar year (October 2013 – September 2014). The samples were analyzed for selected physico-chemical analysis, and we recorded the types of fishes as well. We observed that most physico-chemical parameters were in a suitable range for the survival and growth of fish fauna. We recorded 29 species of fishes, belonging to 21 genera of 10 families.HYDRO Nepal JournalJournal of Water, Energy and EnvironmentIssue: 19Page: 57-62

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5

Singh Sankhla, Mahipal, Rajeev Kumar, and Lalit Prasad. "Seasonal Variations of Lead and Chromium Concentrations in the Water Samples From Yamuna River in Delhi, India." Iranian Journal of Toxicology 15, no. 2 (April 1, 2021): 109–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.32598/ijt.15.2.769.1.

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Background: According to Hindu mythology, Yamuna River plays an impotent role as a holy water resource in Delhi, India. The lead and chromium concentrations were determined from the water samples collected from five different locations around this river in Delhi area. The contaminated water from this river is mostly used for drinking, agriculture, aquaculture, and storage as a holy water. Methods: The seasonal variations of heavy metal concentrations in the water samples collected from Yamuna river were determined for the summer, monsoon and winter supplies, using Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS) and Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS). Results: In the summer water samples, we found greater concentrations of both heavy metals than those for the monsoon season. The concentrations of lead and chromium in the water samples were higher than the permissible limits recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO). The water quality was not safe for drinking, cleaning and agriculture, nor for the aquatic animals, such as fish, amphibians and others. Conclusion: The condition of the water in Yamuna river is of great health concerns. Therefore, it is vital to take necessary actions to decontaminate the water from this river, and to draw effective strategies to minimize or prevent the current and future contaminations added to this important water resource in India.

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6

Manoj Kumar Shukla. "Species diversity of fishes in relation to physicochemical status of the Yamuna at Kalpi (UP) India." World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews 10, no. 2 (May 30, 2021): 206–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/wjarr.2021.10.2.0217.

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Fishes are the primary indicators of pollution of water bodies because they are conspicuous and changes in physicochemical characteristics of water affects their growth and reproductive multiplication rate. The study reveals the species diversity of fishes in relation to physicochemical status of the Yamuna river at Kalpi stretch. Four sampling station were selected on the Yamuna river for sample collection to analysis species diversity of fishes in relation to physicochemical status of studied river. Sampling for fish fauna and physicochemical analysis of water was done simultaneously for one year. The collected samples were analysed for selected physicochemical parameters and collected fishes was identified in the same time. Selected physicochemical parameters were Water Temperature (W.T.), pH, Conductivity, Turbidity, Total Dissolved Solids (T.D.S.), Total Hardness (TH), Total Alkalinity (T.A.), Chloride (Cl), Sulphate (SO4), Phosphate (PO4), Nitrate (NO3), Dissolved Oxygen (D.O.), Biochemical Oxygen Demand (B.O.D.) and Chemical Oxygen Demand (C.O.D.). Mostly physicochemical parameters were found suitable for survival and growth of fish fauna. Yamuna river at Kalpi stretch have high potential for fish production which is not utilize till now.

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7

Glorian, Heinrich, Hilmar Börnick, Cornelius Sandhu, and Thomas Grischek. "Water Quality Monitoring in Northern India for an Evaluation of the Efficiency of Bank Filtration Sites." Water 10, no. 12 (December 8, 2018): 1804. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w10121804.

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The study presents results of five sampling campaigns at riverbank filtration sites at the Yamuna and Ganges Rivers in Uttarakhand, Uttar Pradesh and New Delhi 2015–2018. Samples were analyzed for organic micropollutants and general water quality parameters. In New Delhi and Uttar Pradesh, 17 micropollutants were detected frequently at relevant concentrations. Out of the detected micropollutants, 1H-benzotriazole, caffeine, cotinine, diclofenac, diuron, gabapentin and paracetamol were frequently detected with concentrations exceeding 1000 ng/L. Sites in Uttarakhand showed only infrequent occurrence of organic micropollutants. The mean concentration of micropollutants in the well water was lower compared to the river water. For all sites, removal rates for all micropollutants were calculated from the obtained data. Thereby, the capacity of riverbank filtration for the removal of organic micropollutants is highlighted, even for extremely polluted rivers such as the Yamuna.

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8

Mallik, Bidisha. "Science, Philosophy, and Policy on the Yamuna River of India." Environmental Ethics 36, no. 3 (2014): 283–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/enviroethics201436330.

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9

Hassan, Taskeena, Saltanat Parveen, Bilal Nabi Bhat, and Uzma Ahmad. "Seasonal Variations in Water Quality Parameters of River Yamuna, India." International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences 6, no. 5 (May 10, 2017): 694–712. http://dx.doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2017.605.079.

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10

Jain, C. K. "Metal fractionation study on bed sediments of River Yamuna, India." Water Research 38, no. 3 (February 2004): 569–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2003.10.042.

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11

Pedersen, F., and Ashwani Tyagi. "Design Basis for Cable Stayed Bridge over Yamuna River India." IABSE Symposium Report 88, no. 8 (January 1, 2004): 53–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/222137804796272413.

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12

Aleem, Asma, and Abdul Malik. "Genotoxicity of the Yamuna River water at Okhla (Delhi), India." Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety 61, no. 3 (July 2005): 404–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2004.09.001.

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13

Shukla, Manoj Kumar, Pushpendra Kumar Khare, and Ravindra Singh. "Hydrobiological Study of the Yamuna River at Kalpi, District Jalaun, Uttar Pradesh, India." Hydro Nepal: Journal of Water, Energy and Environment 18 (March 15, 2016): 41–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/hn.v18i0.14643.

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Hydro biological study of the Yamuna river at Kalpi in India was carried out for a period of twelve month (October 2013 to September 2014). Four sampling stations were selected for sampling purpose. Collected samples were evaluated for fourteen physico-chemical parameters such as W.T., pH, Conductivity, Turbidity, T.D.S., T.H., T.A., Cl, SO4, PO4, NO3, D.O., B.O.D. and C.O.D. and four biological parameters such as phytoplankton, zooplankton, aquatic macrophytes and fishes. Present study reveals that water quality of the Yamuna river was not fit for drinking purpose but it was satisfactory for fish culture and irrigation purpose. Presence of both pollution tolerant and pollution intolerant species of biological parameters shows that this water was moderately polluted during course of study. HYDRO Nepal Journal of Water Energy and EnvironmentVolume- 18, 2016, JanuaryPage -41 to 46

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14

Siddiqui, Zahid Hameed, Ratnum Kaul Wattal, Hareramadas Batchu, and Zahid Khorshid Abbas. "Assessment of cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of Yamuna river water pollutants in an urban metropolis, Delhi (India)." Water Supply 20, no. 7 (July 27, 2020): 2682–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/ws.2020.165.

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Abstract The present study evaluates the hazardous effects of water pollutants present in the River Yamuna, the lifeline of Delhi. This was done by collecting water samples from seven sites on the River Yamuna, and studying their water quality parameters (WQP). In all cases, tap water was taken as the control, and WQP like pH, salinity, electrical conductivity (EC), etc. were measured. At site 1, water was slightly alkaline, whereas maximum salinity was found at site 4. The TDS, EC, and turbidity at site 5 were found to be the highest among the studied sites. Further, water samples were used to examine the cytotoxic and genotoxic effect of pollutants in the root tip cells of Allium cepa after three and seven day's growth. There was a sharp decline in root length and root number down stream. Moreover, the squash preparations showed significant abnormalities; at the cellular level, cell shape and sizes show undesirable changes. At nuclear level binucleate cells, lobulated nuclei, micronuclei at site 3, 4, and 7 were recorded. The chromosomal abnormalities included chromosomal bridges, chromosomal loss, and abnormal orientation at different sites. This report is a cause for significant concern as the River Yamuna is Delhi's primary source of water supply for domestic, agricultural, industrial, energy, and many other purposes.

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15

Sprenger, C., G. Lorenzen, A. Grunert, M. Ronghang, H. Dizer, H. C. Selinka, R. Girones, J. M. Lopez-Pila, A. K. Mittal, and R. Szewzyk. "Removal of indigenous coliphages and enteric viruses during riverbank filtration from highly polluted river water in Delhi (India)." Journal of Water and Health 12, no. 2 (January 6, 2014): 332–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wh.2014.134.

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Emerging countries frequently afflicted by waterborne diseases require safe and cost-efficient production of drinking water, a task that is becoming more challenging as many rivers carry a high degree of pollution. A study was conducted on the banks of the Yamuna River, Delhi, India, to ascertain if riverbank filtration (RBF) can significantly improve the quality of the highly polluted surface water in terms of virus removal (coliphages, enteric viruses). Human adenoviruses and noroviruses, both present in the Yamuna River in the range of 105 genomes/100 mL, were undetectable after 50 m infiltration and approximately 119 days of underground passage. Indigenous somatic coliphages, used as surrogates of human pathogenic viruses, underwent approximately 5 log10 removal after only 3.8 m of RBF. The initial removal after 1 m was 3.3 log10, and the removal between 1 and 2.4 m and between 2.4 and 3.8 m was 0.7 log10 each. RBF is therefore an excellent candidate to improve the water situation in emerging countries with respect to virus removal.

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16

Jagadeesh, E. P., P. A. Azeez, and D. K. Banerjee. "Modeling chemical speciation of copper in River Yamuna at Delhi, India." Chemical Speciation & Bioavailability 18, no. 2 (January 2006): 61–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.3184/095422906782146249.

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17

Aleem, Asma, and Abdul Malik. "Genotoxicity of water extracts from the River Yamuna at Mathura, India." Environmental Toxicology 18, no. 2 (2003): 69–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/tox.10101.

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18

Agarwal, Tripti, P. S. Khillare, and Vijay Shridhar. "PAHs Contamination in Bank Sediment of the Yamuna River, Delhi, India." Environmental Monitoring and Assessment 123, no. 1-3 (June 9, 2006): 151–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10661-006-9189-6.

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19

Paliwal, Ritu, Prateek Sharma, and Arun Kansal. "Water quality modelling of the river Yamuna (India) using QUAL2E-UNCAS." Journal of Environmental Management 83, no. 2 (April 2007): 131–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2006.02.003.

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20

Yadav, Anshu, and Vinita Khandegar. "Dataset on assessment of River Yamuna, Delhi, India using indexing approach." Data in Brief 22 (February 2019): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dib.2018.11.130.

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21

Basu, Pratyusha. "River of Love in an Age of Pollution: The Yamuna River of Northern India." Journal of Ecological Anthropology 11, no. 1 (January 2007): 74–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.5038/2162-4593.11.1.7.

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22

Alley, Kelly D. "River Goddesses, Personhood and Rights of Nature: Implications for Spiritual Ecology." Religions 10, no. 9 (August 26, 2019): 502. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rel10090502.

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Designating rights for nature is a potentially powerful way to open up the dialogue on nature conservation around the world and provide enforcement power for an ecocentric approach. Experiments using a rights-based framework have combined in-country perspectives, worldviews, and practices with legal justifications giving rights to nature. This paper looks at a fusion of legal traditions, religious worldviews, and practices of environmental protection and advocacy in the context of India. It takes two specific legal cases in India and examines the recent high-profile rulings designating the rivers Ganga, Yamuna, and their tributaries and glaciers as juristic persons. Although the rulings were stayed a few months after their issuance, they are an interesting bending of the boundaries of nature, person, and deity that produce Ganga and Yamuna as vulnerable prototypes. This paper uses interview data focusing on these cases and document and archival data to ask whether legal interventions giving rights to nature can become effective avenues for environmental activism and spiritual ecology. The paper also assesses whether these legal cases have promoted Hindu nationalism or ‘Hindutva lite’.

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23

Asger Nielsen, S., J. C. Refsgaard, and V. K. Mathur. "Conceptual Modelling of Water Loss on Flood Plains and its Application to River Yamuna Upstream of Delhi." Hydrology Research 22, no. 5 (October 1, 1991): 265–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/nh.1991.0019.

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A water loss module for the river modelling system MIKE 11 has been developed to account for water losses due to retention and infiltration on flood plains. MIKE 11 including the water loss module has been calibrated and tested on data from the Yamuna river, India. The inclusion of the water loss module has improved the water level forecasts at Delhi to a large extent.

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Bieluk, Jerzy. "River as a Legal Person." Studia Iuridica Lublinensia 29, no. 2 (June 21, 2020): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.17951/sil.2020.29.2.11-23.

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<p>The concepts of recognizing elements of nature as having legal personality have been appearing for many years as proposals for a new approach to ecology. Recent years have brought specific solutions in this regard. Attempts to recognize rivers (but not only rivers) as separate legal entities can be found in various places around the world. This is not a common trend, only a few such cases can be identified in the applicable legislation. The article is devoted to the analysis of the best-known examples of this type of activity. In 2017, the legal system of New Zealand recognized the Whanganui River as a legal person. Talks are ongoing about further solutions of this kind. Apart from environmental protection reasons, the basic motives for this type of solution are cultural considerations – connected with Maori beliefs and values. In the legal systems of India and Colombia, the courts have attempted to recognize the rivers (Ganges and Yamuna in India, the Atrata River, and the entire Amazon ecosystem) as legal persons. The motives for this type of activity were primarily ecological – protecting priceless parts of nature from destruction.</p>

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25

DeNicola, Alicia Ory. "River of Love in an Age of Pollution: The Yamuna River of Northern India (review)." Anthropological Quarterly 80, no. 3 (2007): 911–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/anq.2007.0039.

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26

Singh, Atul K., Abubakar Ansari, Sharad C. Srivastava, Pankaj Verma, and A. K. Pathak. "Impacts of Invasive Fishes on Fishery Dynamics of the Yamuna River, India." Agricultural Sciences 05, no. 10 (2014): 813–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/as.2014.510086.

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27

Mandal, Papiya, Rahul Upadhyay, and Aziz Hasan. "Seasonal and spatial variation of Yamuna River water quality in Delhi, India." Environmental Monitoring and Assessment 170, no. 1-4 (December 29, 2009): 661–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10661-009-1265-2.

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28

Lamba, Manisha, T. R. Sreekrishnan, and Shaikh Ziauddin Ahammad. "Sewage mediated transfer of antibiotic resistance to River Yamuna in Delhi, India." Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering 8, no. 1 (February 2020): 102088. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jece.2017.12.041.

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29

Biswas, Pinakshi, and Bhanu Prakash Vellanki. "Occurrence of emerging contaminants in highly anthropogenically influenced river Yamuna in India." Science of The Total Environment 782 (August 2021): 146741. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.146741.

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Kaur, Harpreet, Shashi, Alan Warren, Ram Krishan Negi, and Komal Kamra. "Taxonomic resolution of Stylonychia notophora (Alveolata, Ciliophora, Hypotricha) sensu Sapra and Dass 1970 using an integrative approach." International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 70, no. 6 (June 1, 2020): 3939–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/ijsem.0.004207.

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The spirotrichean ciliate Stylonychia notophora has previously been recorded in India although the descriptions are lacking in detail. It has been suggested several times that the Indian population, S. notophora sensu Sapra and Dass, 1970 collected along the Delhi stretch of the River Yamuna, is identical to Tetmemena pustulata, but this has never been confirmed due to insufficient data for the former. The present study includes detailed descriptions (classical and molecular) of populations of Tetmemena isolated from six locations along the River Yamuna, India. These include four from the Delhi stretch including that from which Sapra and Dass, 1970 isolated their population of S. notophora. Due to the lack of a sufficiently detailed description, the taxonomic status of S. notophora sensu Sapra and Dass, 1970 was not clear. Comparisons among the populations isolated in the present study with previous descriptions of T. pustulata and S. notophora sensu Sapra and Dass, 1970 show only minor differences in morphometry, morphogenesis and in 18S rDNA sequences. The 18S rDNA sequences of all six populations had 99% similarity to both T. pustulata and S. notophora. These findings support the contention that S. notophora sensu Sapra and Dass, 1970 was misidentified and is a population of T. pustulata. This study supports the need for adopting an integrative approach based on morphological, morphogenetic and molecular data in order to understand species delimitation in ciliated protists.

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Miyamoto, A., K. Sakurai, R. Hiraide, M. Minamiyama, and O. Fujiki. "Field survey of pollutants discharged from different types of residential area in the Yamuna River Basin, India." Water Science and Technology 64, no. 11 (December 1, 2011): 2207–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2011.236.

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The Ganges River, one of the most heavily populated and urbanized river basins in Asia, is polluted by increasing wastewater influent and water-borne diseases are caused in the metropolitan area. This study focused on the Yamuna River, a major tributary of the Ganges. We determined the pollutant load per unit of urban area classified by the income of the residents to help design an appropriate sewerage system. In addition, a simple method of estimating runoff pollutant load was examined using data on pollutant load per unit and runoff coefficient.

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Malik, Davendra Singh. "Population dynamics and conservation management of Himalayan mahseer (Tor species) in riverine aquatic ecosystem in Garhwal region of Uttarakhand (India)." Journal of Applied and Natural Science 3, no. 1 (June 1, 2011): 97–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.31018/jans.v3i1.163.

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The mahseer, an Indian carp (Tor species) known as ‘Sport fish’ continues to be decimated by the large scale natural and anthropogenic factors and categorized as threatened fishes in India. The present research data revealed that total species richness of 33 and 24 number of fish species were identified in river Ganga and Yamuna respectively. The size group of mahseer (400-460mm) recorded as a dominant size of catch composition and contributed about 36.8% and 42.6% based on different sampling sites in river Yamuna and Ganga respectively. The populations of Tor tor, T. putitora have shown a decreasing trend at very alarming rate and influenced the sex ratio, maturity size and natural breeding condition. Only 12.5 to 14.8% mahseer female brooders have shown maturity phase or emenable to release ova during particular breeding seasons. The fecundity of mature female fish brooders ranged from 2500-4500 no. of eggs during July-August. The current status of mahseer fishery may be attributed to the over exploitative nature in riverine system. ‘In situ and Ex-situ” breeding techniques should be practiced for enhancement of viable population size of mahseer species to restore the genetic loss under mahseer conservation programme in aquatic ecosystem of Himalayan region.

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33

Alam, Mohammad Ayaz. "A Note on “Metal Distribution and Short-Time Variability in Recent Sediments from the Ganges River towards the Bay of Bengal (India)” by Bonnail et al. (2019)." Geosciences 10, no. 2 (February 5, 2020): 61. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/geosciences10020061.

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A careful reading of Bonnail et al. (2019)’s work points out some issues in the description of the Ganges River, e.g., describing it in a way that gives impression to the readers unfamiliar with the Indian rivers that it flows by the national capital New Delhi, after reading “it receives inputs from highly populated cities of India, including New Delhi and …”. However, as a matter of fact, it is not the Ganges, but the Yamuna River, a tributary of the Ganges, that passes through the National Capital Region of Delhi. Moreover, authors identify the studied river as the Ganges, whereas it is one of the distributaries of the Ganges called Hooghly (anglicized version of its local name Hugli). They have referred to the seasonality of the studied river; however, the flow of the studied (Hooghly) river is controlled by a barrage on the Ganges River. Moreover, Hooghly River receives input from its own tributaries; viz., Mayurakshi and Damodar, flowing through highly mineralized and coaliferous areas of Jharkhand state of India. Bonnail et al. (2019) have attributed the contamination of the river sediments to anthropogenic activities alone, by not evaluating likely natural sources. A correction factor for the underestimated total organic carbon (TOC) content obtained using Walkley-Black method should have been applied before using TOC values for factor analysis to overcome the underestimation issue with this method. This work intends to serve as a compendium, rather than a critique, to otherwise commendable work by Bonnail et al. (2019).

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34

Tarannum, Fawzia, Arun Kansal, and Prateek Sharma. "Understanding public perception, knowledge and behaviour for water quality management of the river Yamuna in India." Water Policy 20, no. 2 (January 29, 2018): 266–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wp.2018.134.

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Abstract The paper aims to understand how the public perceives river water quality and related risks and behaviour. Using the stratified semi-purposive sampling process, the study explores the perception of people residing along the river Yamuna in India. The method applied involved a structured questionnaire survey of 2706 respondents and four focused group discussions with people residing within two kilometres of the river bank. Non-parametric tests such as Kruskal Wallis, Mann Whitney U-test and One-Sample Wilcoxon Signed-Rank Test were used to analyse the data. The findings suggest that the majority of the respondents formulate their perceptions using non-scientific methods like sensorial and heuristics. Perception on sources of pollution is shaped by personal experiences and people do not perceive diffused sources of pollution that affect river water quality. Respondents attributed the pollution in the river to anthropogenic activities and their risk perception was found to be linked to their direct dependence on the river for their daily needs. The paper suggests behavioural change strategies to focus on social, governance, and technological drivers.

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35

KHURSHID, SHADAB, and ZAHEERUDDIN ZAHEERUDDIN. "Aquifer System and Salinity Hazards in Parts of Yamuna River Sub-Basin, India." Journal of King Abdulaziz University-Earth Sciences 12, no. 1 (2000): 61–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.4197/ear.12-1.4.

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36

Singh, Govind, Mihir Deb, and Chirashree Ghosh. "Urban Metabolism of River Yamuna in the National Capital Territory of Delhi, India." International Journal of Advanced Research 4, no. 8 (August 31, 2016): 1240–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.21474/ijar01/1323.

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Ajmal, Mohammad, Mujahid A. Khan, and Azhar A. Nomani. "Distribution of heavy metals in plants and fish of the Yamuna river (India)." Environmental Monitoring and Assessment 5, no. 4 (December 1985): 361–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00399464.

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Sharma, A. P., M. K. Das, K. K. Vass, and R. K. Tyagi. "Patterns of fish diversity, community structure and ecological integrity of River Yamuna, India." Aquatic Ecosystem Health & Management 20, no. 1-2 (April 3, 2017): 30–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14634988.2017.1265879.

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Kaushik, C. P., H. R. Sharma, S. Jain, J. Dawra, and A. Kaushik. "Pesticide residues in river Yamuna and its canals in Haryana and Delhi, India." Environmental Monitoring and Assessment 144, no. 1-3 (November 28, 2007): 329–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10661-007-9996-4.

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Parmar, D. L., and Ashok K. Keshari. "Sensitivity analysis of water quality for Delhi stretch of the River Yamuna, India." Environmental Monitoring and Assessment 184, no. 3 (May 5, 2011): 1487–508. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10661-011-2055-1.

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Nallathiga, Ramakrishna, and Rambabu Paravasthu. "Economic value of conserving river water quality: results from a contingent valuation survey in Yamuna river basin, India." Water Policy 12, no. 2 (November 9, 2009): 260–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wp.2009.166.

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River Yamuna is an important river in India that flows through the national capital—New Delhi. The river water offers a variety of functional uses in its basin area. A progressive deterioration of river water quality had rendered it to become almost a channel of wastewater. However, there is a willingness-to-pay (WTP) for the conservation of river water quality among the citizens of the basin. This paper reports on an application of Contingent Valuation Method (CVM) for estimating the economic value of river water conservation (both for current water quality maintenance and for the restoration of river water quality). The results show that there exists a WTP for the conservation of river water quality, which is about 14.93% higher for water quality restoration than that for maintenance of current water quality. Some of the issues in undertaking the CVM studies in developing countries are also discussed in the paper.

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Kazmi, Absar Ahmad, and Ian Sehested Hansen. "Numerical models in water quality management: a case study for the Yamuna river (India)." Water Science and Technology 36, no. 5 (September 1, 1997): 193–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1997.0196.

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In this study attempts are done to apply the Mike 11 numerical water quality model for the evaluation of existing water quality conditions and a prediction of effects of different wastewater and other pollution control schemes under the Yamuna Action Plan. The Mawi-Delhi (Okhla Barrage) stretch has been taken for this study. From the application of model it was found out that water quality between Mawi-Wazirabad reach is significantly affected by the large growth of phytoplanktons causes 80 % to 135 % DO saturation, while in Delhi the quality is so bad that photosynthesis processes are absent. BOD removal mainly takes place by settling of organic matter. The calibrated model is subsequently applied for predicting the water quality for the waste load reduction schemes of the Yamuna Action Plan. It was found out that the water quality of the river in upstream of Delhi would be increased form class B (BOD<3mg/L) to class A (BOD<2mg/L), while for Delhi segment water quality improved considerably but still would be poor, not even to the class D. By the application of certain suggested DO control technologies along with the Action Plan, the water quality will improve to class D (BOD<6 mg/L), so that it can be use for wildlife and fisheries. Additional flow of 40 m3/s (total flow 60 m3/s) can also increase the water quality to the class D.

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Niangthianhoi, S. L., and Faiyaz A. Khudsar. "The nesting success of the Oriental Darter Anhinga melanogaster (Aves: Suliformes: Anhingidae) in the Yamuna Biodiversity Park, New Delhi, India." Journal of Threatened Taxa 7, no. 14 (November 26, 2015): 8148. http://dx.doi.org/10.11609/jott.2430.7.14.8148-8153.

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<p>The Oriental Darter <em>Anhinga melanogaster </em>is<em> </em>a globally Near Threatened species that has been breeding in the Yamuna Biodiversity Park, Delhi since 2006. This is a recently restored site with the help of plant species assemblage in the form of plant communities of the Yamuna River basin and restoration of wetland ecosystems. A study was carried out during the nesting period of 2011 to assess the nesting success of the Oriental Darter in the park. A total of eight out of the nine incubated nests (88.88%) were successful with hatchlings and one was abandoned within three weeks of incubation. An average of 2.87 chicks hatched per nest with 2.1 fledglings per nest. The males fed the nestlings more than the females during the study hours. The restored landscape, the Yamuna Biodiversity Park and its wetlands provide a suitable habitat for supporting the breeding population of many important birds including the Darter due to the availability of prey species, vegetation for roosting and nesting, and low disturbance leading to optimization of nesting of the Darters. </p><div> </div>

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Kashyap, Rachit, K. S. Verma, S. K. Bhardwaj, and J. K. Sharma. "Hydrochemistry of Dissolved Metals in Yamuna River Around Industrial hub of Himachal Pradesh, India." Applied Biological Research 17, no. 3 (2015): 288. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/0974-4517.2015.00041.5.

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Chakrapani, G. J., and V. Subramanian. "Fractionation of heavy metals and phosphorus in suspended sediments of the Yamuna river, India." Environmental Monitoring and Assessment 43, no. 2 (November 1996): 117–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00398602.

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Kumar, Mukesh, Mohammed Sharif, and Sirajuddin Ahmed. "Flood estimation at Hathnikund Barrage, River Yamuna, India using the Peak-Over-Threshold method." ISH Journal of Hydraulic Engineering 26, no. 3 (July 25, 2018): 291–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09715010.2018.1485119.

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Sharma, Deepshikha, Arun Kansal, and Greg Pelletier. "Water quality modeling for urban reach of Yamuna river, India (1999–2009), using QUAL2Kw." Applied Water Science 7, no. 3 (August 1, 2015): 1535–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13201-015-0311-1.

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Rao, S. V. N., Sudhir Kumar, Shashank Shekhar, S. K. Sinha, and S. Manju. "Optimal pumping from skimming wells from the Yamuna River flood plain in north India." Hydrogeology Journal 15, no. 6 (March 9, 2007): 1157–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10040-007-0173-1.

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Jilani, A. "Study of Heavy Metals Accommodation in Cucurbits at Yamuna River beds in Agra, India." Epidemiology 19, no. 1 (January 2008): S225. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.ede.0000291921.38703.4e.

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Nain Gill, Gitanjali. "Environmental protection and developmental interests." International Journal of Law in the Built Environment 6, no. 1/2 (April 8, 2014): 69–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijlbe-03-2013-0010.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to provide a case study of a global challenge: the relationship between commercial development and the protection of eco-fragile systems particularly where river water is involved. It reviews and critiques the legal and political processes that underpinned the Commonwealth Games (CWG) 2010 in Delhi and the building of the accommodation Village on the floodplain of the river Yamuna. Design/methodology/approach – The paper covers the controversial modern history of the Yamuna river that runs through Delhi. The river is “dead” and has been subject to litigation concerning its usage and that of its flood plain. In particular, the controversy peaked prior to the CWG 2010 in Delhi and the required buildings associated with the games. The paper traces the history of the legal actions and the inter-related involvement of the various actors being the politicians, construction developers, the river bank dwellers and the local environmentalists. Close analysis is made of the statutory administrative procedures required for environmental clearance, the subsequent case law both in the High Court of Delhi and the Supreme Court of India. Additionally, usage is made of the media and its concerns over corrupt and negligent practices. Findings – The Indian judiciary in their willingness to promote the construction of the Village failed to apply its own environmental jurisprudence. There was a failure to “lift the veil” and review flawed administrative practices that violated governing statutes. National pride, time pressures, political support, economic interests and rapid urbanisation created a pressure that the courts could not challenge. It was left to investigative committees, after the Games had concluded, to expose these wrongdoings. Originality/value – The paper highlights the issue of the relationship of the courts and political and economic interests and how legally protected ecological interests are ignored.

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