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Ye, Fan. "El olor de la guayaba y el sabor del sorgo rojo: El realismo mágico en la literatura de China y de Latinoamérica." Co-herencia 12, no. 22 (2015): 27–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.17230/co-herencia.12.22.2.
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A partir de la década de 1980, el autor de Cien años de soledad se convirtió en el gran ídolo y fuente de “angustia de las influencias” (en términos de Harold Bloom) para toda una generación de escritores chinos: Jia Pingwa, Yu Hua, Su Tong, Yan Lianke, Ma Yuan y Mo Yan, entre otros. En este artículo se propone una lectura paralela de Gabriel García Márquez y Mo Yan, el premio nobel chino, con el propósito de demostrar que el realismo mágico latinoamericano y su aventura en China ha formado parte de la historia de la literatura contemporánea del país asiático: a los escritores chinos no solo les avivó su memoria y les hizo adoptar otra actitud hacia su pasado; también les mostró el camino para escribir un nuevo tipo de novela (noveau roman).
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모영환. "Fugu and Changshin’s Speculation seen through the Yan Yuan." Institute for Humanities and Social Sciences 13, no. 2 (2012): 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.15818/ihss.2012.13.2.1.
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Yu, Hai-na, Ting Jiang, Shuang Liu, et al. "Abstract 5240: S-phase cyclinA associated protein in the ER(SCAPER)rs3812908 T>C promotes the nuclear translocation of CyclinA2 and enhances DNA damage repair in radioresistance of colorectal cancer." Cancer Research 82, no. 12_Supplement (2022): 5240. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2022-5240.
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Abstract Radiotherapy resistance is still an obstacle of improving the survival of patients with locally advanced colorectal cancer. In this study, whole-exome sequencing and targeted sequencing were preformed on colorectal cancer tumor tissue samples which were colloected from multiple centers, and the pathologic complete response predictive model PGS-LARC(Prediction Genotype Signature for Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer) was established. A candidate SNV-SCAPER rs3812908 T>C was screened using this model. To investigate the relationship between SCAPER rs3812908 T>C and radiosensitivity of colorectal cancer, targeted sequencing was performed and the results revealed that proportion of CC genotype was significantly higher in resistant sequencing cohort than in sensitive ones (30% vs. 22%). And Immunohistochemistry (IHC) results revealed that SCAPER protein expressed less in CC genotype colorectal cancer tissues than in TT genotype. Here, the cell proliferation results showed that SCAPER-KD cells and SCAPER rs3812908 CC cells were more radioresistant than SCAPER-NC and TT cells. Furthermore, the immunofluorescence assay showed SCAPER rs3812908 T>C promoted translocation of S phase associated protein-Cyclin A2 into nucleus and western blotting results showed that the phosphorylation of ERK and JNK(p-ERK and p-JNK) increased significantly in SCAPER CC cells, and the protein p-ATR, p-ATM, p-CDC25C and CDC25A related to homologous recombination repair were also increased in SCAPER-KD and SCAPER CC cells.Taken together, the SCAPER gene rs3812908 T>C plays an important role in radioresistance of colorectal cancer. The SNV of SCAPER rs3812908 T>C significantly promotes Cyclin A2 nuclear translocation, activates the MAPKs pathway, and increases homologous recombination repair, and finally leads to radioresistance. Citation Format: Hai-na Yu, Ting Jiang, Shuang Liu, Yan Yuan, Shao-yan Xi, Zhi-wei Guo, Yuan-hong Yuan, Yan Li, Wei-wei Xiao. S-phase cyclinA associated protein in the ER(SCAPER)rs3812908 T>C promotes the nuclear translocation of CyclinA2 and enhances DNA damage repair in radioresistance of colorectal cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2022; 2022 Apr 8-13. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(12_Suppl):Abstract nr 5240.
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Kim Dug Sam. "Educational Features and Modern Value in Yan Yuan(顔元)’s Thoughts". JOURNAL OF CHINESE STUDIES ll, № 53 (2016): 173–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.26585/chlab.2016..53.008.
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Mo, Young-hwan. "The aspects of Confucian’s anti-Buddism through Yan Yuan(顔元)’s thought." Journal of Eastern-Asia Buddhism and Culture 36 (31 грудня 2018): 29–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.21718/eabc.2018.36.02.
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Epstein, Maram. "Writing Emotions: Ritual Innovation as Emotional Expression." NAN NÜ 11, no. 2 (2009): 155–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/138768009x12586661922947.
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AbstractThis article examines the chronological biographies of the Qing ritualists Yan Yuan (1635-1704) and Li Gong (1659-1733) to witness how they negotiated and wrote about the ritual and emotional priorities in their relationships with various family members. It argues that rather than being just a form of ritual duty, filial piety was a core emotion at the center of many people's affective and spiritual lives. Although the conservative nature of nianpu (chronological biography) as a genre meant that some of the most intimate relationships in these two men's lives would get passed over in silence, the recording of their manipulation of ritual forms allowed them an indirect means of expressing their affective bonds.
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임승배 and 羅海燕. "Zhang Yan and the Pattern of Ci Circles in Late Song and Yuan Dynasty." Journal of Chinese Language and Literature ll, no. 64 (2014): 99–120. http://dx.doi.org/10.26586/chls.2014..64.005.
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Dongjie, Wang. "“Becoming a Sage” in the locale: The case of 17th-century northern scholar Yan Yuan." Chinese Studies in History 55, no. 3 (2022): 197–213. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00094633.2022.2122408.
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Nakashima, Jonathan, Long Do, Warren Andrews, et al. "Abstract 3118: Functional characterization and therapeutic response differences between orthotopic and subcutaneous patient-derived xenograft models." Cancer Research 82, no. 12_Supplement (2022): 3118. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2022-3118.
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Abstract Subcutaneous patient-derived xenografts (PDXs) have provided the research community with translational models to interrogate cancer biology and assist in drug development. Orthotopic PDXs provide an even more clinically relevant model system that recapitulates the tumor environment aspects of the human disease. Here, we compare the differences in gene expression signatures of PDX models when implanted subcutaneously or orthotopically. Furthermore, we evaluate differences in in-vivo pharmacological response between the two model systems and identify several functional characterizations that selectively enhance pharmacological response in favor of the orthotopic model. Citation Format: Jonathan Nakashima, Long Do, Warren Andrews, Yuan-Hung Chien, Christophe Pedros, Jantzen Sperry, Bianca Carapia, Deborah Yan, Giovanni Rivera, Arun Singh, Fritz C. Eilber, Brian Datnow. Functional characterization and therapeutic response differences between orthotopic and subcutaneous patient-derived xenograft models [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2022; 2022 Apr 8-13. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(12_Suppl):Abstract nr 3118.
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Nakashima, Jonathan, Long Do, Warren Andrews, et al. "Abstract 3117: Next-generation characterization of patient-derived xenografts." Cancer Research 82, no. 12_Supplement (2022): 3117. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2022-3117.
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Abstract Patient-derived xenografts (PDXs) have provided the research community with dynamic and robust translational model systems to study cancer biology and accelerate drug development. To advance translational oncology, we have developed a library of PDXs and provide next-generation sequencing characterization of these models. Here, we provide mutation and transcriptomic profiles of our PDX collection along with comparisons against matched normal and cancer patient profiles. Lastly, we provide a web portal providing comprehensive genomic profiles for every PDX model to identify mutation, copy number, fusions, microsatellite status, gene expression, and enriched pathways to facilitate identification of clinically relevant models. Citation Format: Jonathan Nakashima, Long Do, Warren Andrews, Yuan-Hung Chien, Jantzen Sperry, Bianca Carapia, Deborah Yan, Giovanni Rivera, Noah Federman, Arun Singh, Fritz C. Eilber, Brian Datnow. Next-generation characterization of patient-derived xenografts [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2022; 2022 Apr 8-13. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(12_Suppl):Abstract nr 3117.
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YoungHo Jeong. "A Comparative Research of Jing-Hua-Yuan(鏡花緣) and Di-Yi-Qi-Yan(第一奇諺)". Journal of the research of chinese novels ll, № 26 (2007): 271–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.17004/jrcn.2007..26.015.
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Zeng, Zhao Xi, Bing Xue Song, and Qin Tao Wang. "A Literature Review on the Research of Circular Economy-Based Green MICE." Advanced Materials Research 616-618 (December 2012): 1615–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.616-618.1615.
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The circular economy is a mode of economic development centered on high efficient and cyclic utilization of resources, characterized by low input, high efficiency and low emission. “3R” is the most basic practical operating principle of circular economy. The circular economy integrates the cleaner production and the cyclic utilization of wastes. The green MICE has become one of the important industries of developing circular economy. Ping Hu (2006), Ming-Gui Sun (2006), Wei-Dong He (2009), etc. defined the green MICE respectively. As for the literature review on the researches of green MICE, the foreign scholars and countries focus on the construction of guides to the MICE (Meeting) and of ecological venues, such as Cathy Crisci (2009), the US “Meeting Industry Committee”(2003), Canada National Environment Research Council and Green Meeting Committee, Germany, the UK, France, etc. While in China, we focus on the research of green MICE’s development and approach of practice, such as Ming-Gui Sun & Hong-Yuan Zhang (2006), Cheng Yan (2007), Mei-Liang Cai (2008) and Wei-Dong He (2009), etc. Concluded from the literature review, the research of evaluation system of green MICE will be the future task.
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Feng, Di, Shang-chia Chiou, and Feng Wang. "On the Sustainability of Local Cultural Heritage Based on the Landscape Narrative: A Case Study of Historic Site of Qing Yan Yuan, China." Sustainability 13, no. 5 (2021): 2831. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13052831.
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As a feature of local cultural heritage, historical garden sites should not only focus on landscape sightseeing, but should also champion the sustainability of cultural heritage and promote the local community’s wellbeing. This article uses the landscape narrative method to explore how the local public, with both professional and non-professional backgrounds, manages the cultural heritage and enhances its sustainability. Qing Yan Yuan is a historical garden site in Huai’an, Jiangsu Province, China, and constitutes the research area of this study. This article firstly conducts in-depth interviews with local residents with non-professional backgrounds; then, it collects relevant information from professionals, such as introductions, comments, news, periodicals, etc.; finally, it adopts the content analysis method to decode, summarize and sort out accordingly. Through the analysis of landscape narrative data, this paper found that three cultural heritage value strategies are used by the public: (1) origin landscape narrative; (2) functional landscape narrative; (3) meaningful landscape narrative. The origin landscape narrative is the expression of a cultural heritage value of “past presentation”; the functional landscape narrative is a cultural heritage value of “place identity”; the meaningful landscape narrative shows a cultural heritage value of “future education”; all these together constitute the local public subjective conception of the sustainability of cultural heritage.
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JEONG, Bin-Na. "A Study on the Ideological Transformation of Confucian Knowledge Theory in the 17th and 18th Centuries." Tae Dong Institute of classic research 49 (December 31, 2022): 331–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.31408/tdicr.2022.49.331.
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The purpose of this study is to examine the ideological transformation of Chinese Confucian knowledge theory that occurred during the 17th and 18th centuries. Neo-Confucianism presents the knowledge theory of ‘ge-wu-zhi-zhi[格物致知]’. This is integrated with the universal principle[理] through self- cultivation. In the 17th century, Chinese scholars faced the reality of the collapse of “zhonghe[中華]” which was considered universal. They thought that the cause of the crisis of the times was the crisis of the inner mind, and found an alternative in scriptural analysis. However, the contradictions revealed through scriptural analysis led to the pursuit of objective knowledge. Socio-economic development and change required knowledge centered on pragmatism. As a result, the theory of knowledge centered on mental training was forced to change. In the case of Fang yizhi(方以智), his theory turned out to be ‘Investigation of things(質測學)’, which deviated from ‘ge-wu-zhi-zhi(格物致知)’. Yan Yuan(顔元) advocated knowledge of ‘practice’. Another case of Dai Zhen(戴震), it was expressed as a knowledge theory based on antimetaphysical and Qi(氣)-philosophical thinking about the object. This was the result of internal self-movement in the history of Confucianism.
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Osiak, Anna, Olaf Utermöhlen, Sandra Niendorf, Ivan Horak, and Klaus-Peter Knobeloch. "ISG15, an Interferon-Stimulated Ubiquitin-Like Protein, Is Not Essential for STAT1 Signaling and Responses against Vesicular Stomatitis and Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis Virus." Molecular and Cellular Biology 25, no. 15 (2005): 6338–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.25.15.6338-6345.2005.
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ABSTRACT ISG15 is an interferon-induced ubiquitin-like modifier which can be conjugated to distinct, but largely unknown, proteins. ISG15 has been implicated in a variety of biological activities, which encompass antiviral defense, immune responses, and pregnancy. Mice lacking UBP43 (USP18), the ISG15-deconjugating enzyme, develop a severe phenotype with brain injuries and lethal hypersensitivity to poly(I:C). It has been reported that an augmented conjugation of ISG15 in the absence of UBP43 induces prolonged STAT1 phosphorylation and that the ISG15 conjugation plays an important role in the regulation of JAK/STAT and interferon signaling (O. A. Malakhova, M. Yan, M. P. Malakhov, Y. Yuan, K. J. Ritchie, K. I. Kim, L. F. Peterson, K. Shuai, and D. E. Zhang, Genes Dev. 17:455-460, 2003). Here, we report that ISG15−/− mice are viable and fertile and display no obvious abnormalities. Lack of ISG15 did not affect the development and composition of the main cellular compartments of the immune system. The interferon-induced antiviral state and immune responses directed against vesicular stomatitis virus and lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus were not significantly altered in the absence of ISG15. Furthermore, interferon- or endotoxin-induced STAT1 tyrosine-phosphorylation, as well as expression of typical STAT1 target genes, remained unaffected by the lack of ISG15. Thus, ISG15 is dispensable for STAT1 and interferon signaling.
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Zhao, Y. H. "The rise of metafiction in China." Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies 55, no. 1 (1992): 90–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0041977x00002664.
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Though it would be almost impossible to trace who first applied the term ‘Avant-Garde fiction’ (Xianfeng Xiaoshuo ) to a recent trend in Chinese fiction since 1985, it is an appropriate name in many respects. All the previous schools of fiction in modern China—Wound fiction (Shangheng Xiaoshuo ), Reform fiction (Gaige Xiaoshuo ), Re-thinking fiction (Fansi Xiaowen ), or Roots-Seeking fiction (Xungen Xiaoshuo )—received their names after their respective subject matters. The naming of Avant-Garde fiction itself seems to indicate that Chinese fiction has grown out of its thematic age to enter a new phase of life beyond themes.The earliest authors of Chinese Avant-Garde fiction—Can Xue , Ma Yuan , Hong Feng , Zhaxi Dawa , Mo Yan and others—are all based in remote areas far from the centres of modern Chinese civilization. This led some critics to the conclusion that literary modernity was at odds with modern urbanized culture. Hardly had such an argument been put forward when, towards the end of 1987, there appeared a new group of Avant-Garde writers—Su Tong with The escape of 1934 (Yijiu sansi nian de taowang— :), Sun Ganlu with The letter from the postman (Xinshi zhi han Ge Fei with The lost boat (Mizhou) and Yu Hua with One kind of reality (Xianshi yizhong)— all of them based in the Yangtze Delta, the most prosperous area of modern China. This would suggest, at least, that Chinese avant-gardism is not entirely dependent on economic-geographical conditions.
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Yan, Xuefei, Hongkun Zhao, Xiaodong Liu, et al. "Phenotypic traits and diversity of different leaf shape accessions of the wild soybean (Glycine soja Sieb. et Zucc.) in China." Canadian Journal of Plant Science 94, no. 2 (2014): 397–404. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjps2013-097.
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Yan, X., Zhao, H., Liu, X., Li, Q., Wang, Y., Yuan, C. and Dong, Y. 2014. Phenotypic traits and diversity of different leaf shape accessions of the wild soybean (Glycine soja Sieb. et Zucc.) in China. Can. J. Plant Sci. 94: 397–404. The phenotypic traits and diversity of different leaf shape groups of 6169 wild soybean accessions were investigated. The results included the following conclusions. First, the lanceolate leaf group had the highest genetic diversity. Second, the mean 100-seed weight was highest in the round leaf group (10.1 g); mean maturity time was longest in the eliptical leaf group (142 d); the ovate–round and linear leaf groups had higher mean protein content (45.7–46.1%); and the round leaf group had the highest oil content (16.3%). Finally, frequencies of white flower, high 100-seed weight and other traits in the round leaf group were disproportionately high; in contrast, linear leaf accessions were primarily characterized by purple flower and low 100-seed weight. Based on these results, we inferred that the lanceolate and linear leaves accessions tended to be wild types, while the round leaf group represented more recently evolved accessions. In addition, the accessions with eliptical, ovate–round and other leaves belonged to the intermediate evolutionary types. Our results also suggest that the abundant variation in leaf shape is an important indicator of level of genetic diversity and evolutionary status, which could facilitate the utilization of germplasm evaluation and classification for the wild soybean.
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Seokdo Jung. "A Study of Taoism and Taoist Cultural Enlightenment in the Late Qing Dynasty: Focusing on Taoist Works by Wei Yuan and Yan Fu." Journal of Eastern Philosophy 00, no. 83 (2015): 273–310. http://dx.doi.org/10.17299/tsep.00.83.201508.273.
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Tang, Keyang. "From ruined gardens to Yan Yuan — A transformed vision of the ‘hinese Garde’: a discussion of Henry K. Murphy's Yenching University campus planning." Studies in the History of Gardens & Designed Landscapes 24, no. 2 (2004): 150–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14601176.2004.10435318.
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Kyinam byun. "A Study on the ‘Liu-dao(六道)’ chapter's ‘Gan-ying-yan(感應緣) of ≪Fa-yuan-zhu-lin(法苑珠林)≫". Journal of Chinese Language and Literature ll, № 53 (2009): 133–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.15792/clsyn..53.200906.133.
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Qiu, Jane. "Science communication in China: a critical component of the global science powerhouse." National Science Review 7, no. 4 (2020): 824–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nsr/nwaa035.
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Abstract China has attached a great significance to bringing science to the public—known as kepu (科普, ‘science popularization’) or kexue chuanbo (科学传播, ‘science dissemination’)—in recent years, partly in response to its unprecedented push for innovation in science and technology. In 2018, it spent 16 billion yuan (US$2.3 billion) on such endeavours, nearly 80% of which was government funding, according to a survey conducted by the Ministry of Science and Technology. With one science-education venue for every million people, approximately 76 million visits were made to the country's 518 general-science museums and 142 million visits were made to 943 museums dedicated to a specific subject matter, such as the Geological Museum of China. In a forum chaired by National Science Review’s executive editor-in-chief, Mu-ming Poo, scientists, journalists and public-information officers discussed the differences in science communication between China and developed nations, the challenges and opportunities of raising scientific literacy in China, how it has played out in a wide range of controversial topics, from stem-cell research to climate change, and the importance of international collaboration. Tao Deng Director of the Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China Hepeng Jia Science journalist and science-communication scholar at Soochow University, Suzhou, China Brian Lin Director of the Editorial Content Strategy, EurekAlert!, American Association of the Advancement of Science, Washington DC, USA Joy Ma Manager of the Editorial Content, EurekAlert!, American Association of the Advancement of Science, Washington DC, USA Lai Xu Former chief editor of Guokr.com, Beijing, China Shi Yan Deputy director of the China Research Institute for Science Popularisation, Chinese Association of Science and Technology, Beijing, China Mu-ming Poo (Chair) Director of the Insitute of Neuroscience, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
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Wang, Yuanfei. "Java in Discord." positions: asia critique 27, no. 4 (2019): 623–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/10679847-7726916.
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In the late sixteenth century, thriving private maritime trade brought forth maritime trouble to the late Ming state. In times of rampant “Japanese” piracy and Hideyoshi’s invasion of Korea, Chinese literati composed unofficial histories and vernacular fiction on China’s foreign relations. Among them, Yan Congjian 嚴從簡 wrote Shuyu zhouzi lu 殊域周咨錄 (Records of Surrounding Strange Realms) (1574), He Qiaoyuan 何喬遠 compiled Wang Xiangji 王享記 (Records of the Emperors’ Tributes) (1597–1620), Luo Yuejiong 羅曰褧 penned Xianbin lu 咸賓錄 (Records of Tributary Guests) (1597), and Luo Maodeng 羅懋登 composed a vernacular novel Sanbao taijian xiyangji tongsu yanyi 三寶太監西洋記通俗演義 (Vernacular Romance of Eunuch Sanbao’s Voyages on the Indian Ocean) (1598). This article examines how the imminent maritime realities reminded the late Ming authors of one cross-border war and two genocides in Java and Sanfoqi during Yuan and early and mid-Ming times. These transgressions that violated Chinese official tributary order became memorable and made Sino-Java relations a definite point of comparison for the late Ming maritime piracy problems. This article argues that the cultural memory of Sino-Java military and diplomatic exchange enabled the authors to lament and condemn the executed pirates Wang Zhi and Chen Zuyi. The four authors imbue their narratives with personal anxieties and nationalistic sentiments. While the historical narratives tend to moralize and idealize China’s tributary world order, the vernacular fiction paints a more realistic picture of the late Ming state by involving heterogeneous voices of the “other.” Collectively, the four narratives represent various images of the Ming Empire, revealing the authors’ deep apprehension of the Mings’ identity, their political criticism of the state, and their divergent and even self-conflicted views toward maritime commerce, immigrants, and people of different races.
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Chen, Peng, Yuan Zhang, Xing Bi, et al. "Abstract 5690: The landscape of homologous recombination repair gene mutations and prognosis in Chinese patients with clear cell renal cell carcinoma." Cancer Research 82, no. 12_Supplement (2022): 5690. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2022-5690.
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Abstract Background: Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is the most common subtype of kidney cancer with poor prognosis. Mutations in homologous recombination repair (HRR) genes are associated with human tumorigenesis and response to DNA-damage-inducing therapeutics, such as platinum agents and PARP inhibitors. A better understanding of the genomic features of HRR pathway genes and its correlations with prognosis will facilitate precise personalized treatment selection. Methods: Tumor tissues and matched blood were collected from 269 ccRCC patients at the 3rd Affilated Teaching Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University(Affiliated Tumor Hospital) from 2011 to 2017. A panel targeting 450 cancer-related gene test was performed at OrigiMed (Shanghai, China). Using targeted capture genomic sequencing, we assessed patients for germline and somatic mutations in 23 HRR related genes. Survival analysis was performed using a Cox proportional hazards model and the p-value was determined with a log-rank test. Results: In total, 269 ccRCC patients, including 95 females and 174 males with a median age of 55 (range 21-87 years old), were recruited. Fifty patients developed distant metastases. The most frequently mutated genes were VHL (83%) and PBRM1 (38%). The median tumor mutational burden (TMB) of this cohort was 4 muts/Mb (0-43.9 muts/Mb), and 4.1% (11/269) of patients displayed high TMB (defined as ≥ 10 muts/Mb). HRR pathway gene mutations were detected in 90/269 patients (33.46%). The most frequently altered genes were BAP1(13.4%), ARID1A (5.2%), BRCA1 (3.72%), ATM (3.35%), and BRCA2 (1.86%). Truncation (23.05%) was the most common mutation type. 4.46% (12/269) of patients carried HRR-related germline mutations, and the most frequently mutated germline genes were RAD51C/D (33.33%,4/9) and BRCA (16.67%, 2/9). Patients with HRR pathway gene mutations were found to have a significantly higher TMB (median, 4.45 vs. 4 muts/Mb, p < 0. 05). We additionally identified that mutations in HRR pathways were significantly associated with decreased relapse-free survival (RFS)( p < 0.05). The 3-year RFS rate of the HRR-mutated group was significantly lower than the negative group (78.8% vs.90.6%, p<0.01). Conclusion: HRR gene alterations, associated with increased recurrence, occurred at a high frequency of 33.46% in Chinese ccRCC patients. Further studies regarding to therapeutic agents targeting the HRR pathway in this population should be considered in the future. Citation Format: Peng Chen, Yuan Zhang, Xing Bi, Yue Niu, Fuerhaiti Shayiti, Shuai Yuan, Ting Pan, Yan Wang. The landscape of homologous recombination repair gene mutations and prognosis in Chinese patients with clear cell renal cell carcinoma [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2022; 2022 Apr 8-13. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(12_Suppl):Abstract nr 5690.
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Chiang, Sing-chen Lydia. "Book Review: “What the Master Would Not Discuss,” According to Yuan Mei (1716–1798): A Collection of Supernatural Stories, Zibuyu, written by Paolo Santangelo (in cooperation with Yan Beiwen)." T’oung Pao 100, no. 4-5 (2014): 528–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15685322-10045p12.
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Liu, Shuang, Ting Jiang, Yan Yuan, et al. "Abstract 5987: Membrane spanning 4 domains A12 (MS4A12) c.C211T stop-gain single-nucleotide polymorphism (rs2298553) promotes metastasis in colorectal cancer via the Hippo pathway." Cancer Research 82, no. 12_Supplement (2022): 5987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2022-5987.
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Abstract Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most malignant tumors worldwide. The prognosis of patients with colorectal cancer remains poor, with a 5-year metastasis survival rate of 20%-30%. Membrane spanning 4 domains subfamily A (MS4A) is an evolving family of structurally related cell surface proteins. Previous studies demonstrated that MS4A12 expression in CRC was significantly higher than that in the normal tissues. And low expression of MS4A12 in CRC was associated with poor survival in patients. However, the impact and mechanism of MS4A12 c.C211T stop-gain single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) (rs2298553) on the metastatic phenotype of CRC have not previously been examined. Current opinion holds that SNP introducing premature termination codons could alter the stability and function of transcripts and proteins. The aim of this study was to investigate the correlation between MS4A12 stop-gain SNP and invasion and migration of CRC cells. Methods: Whole exome sequencing and target sequencing were used to screen SNP related to distant metastasis. Immunohistochemical staining of tissue microarray was used to detect proteins in CRC tumor cancer and normal tissues. Recombinant plasmids carrying wild-type (CC) and MS4A12 c.C211T stop-gain SNP (TT) were constructed and then transfected to colon cancer cell lines DLD1, RKO. Knockdown of MS4A12 used the short hairpin RNA (shRNA). Western blot was performed to detect the level of protein expression. Wound healing essay, migration and invasion assays were used to detect metastatic ability of CRC. RNA-seq analysis, co-immunoprecipitation and mass assays were performed to further mechanism. Results: MS4A12 c.C211T stop-gain SNP (rs2298553) was screened and identified to be associated with CRC metastasis. Tissue microarray revealed that the expression of MS4A12 was lower in the colorectal tumor tissues compared to normal tissues. The low expression of MS4A12 in CRC was associated with a poor prognosis in patients. The expression level of the TT group was close to that of the basal level of empty vector transfected groups, which suggested that the c.C211T stop-gain SNP (rs2298553) inhibited truncated MS4A12 protein expression. Compared to the CC group, the TT group showed significantly increased invasion and migration ability. Meanwhile, MS4A12 knockdown also promoted invasion and migration. GO and KEGG pathway analysis suggested that the Hippo signaling pathway might be associated with the inhibition of migration and invasion by MS4A12. Compared to the CC group, the TT group impedes YAP/TAZ phosphorylation and facilitates YAP/TAZ nuclear translocation. Conclusion: MS4A12 c.C211T stop-gain SNP (rs2298553) promotes the invasion and migration of CRC. These results provide an important theoretical basis for studying the invasion and migration of CRC. Citation Format: Shuang Liu, Ting Jiang, Yan Yuan, Haina Yu, Zhiwei Guo, Yuanhong Gao, Yan Li, Weiwei Xiao. Membrane spanning 4 domains A12 (MS4A12) c.C211T stop-gain single-nucleotide polymorphism (rs2298553) promotes metastasis in colorectal cancer via the Hippo pathway [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2022; 2022 Apr 8-13. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(12_Suppl):Abstract nr 5987.
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Ikezawa, Atsunori, Tadaaki Nishizawa, Yukinori Koyama, and Hajime Arai. "Development of MoO3-Based Proton Batteries." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2022-02, no. 1 (2022): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2022-02117mtgabs.
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Aqueous rocking chair batteries have attracted attention as highly safe and inexpensive secondary batteries. Lithium and sodium ions have mostly been used as the mobile ions, whereas proton systems with potentially the highest mobility have rarely been reported. Recently, research on proton batteries has been conducted using concentrated sulfuric acid solutions as the electrolyte that can assist high-rate performance.[1] Stability under concentrated acidic conditions is required for the electrode materials, as well as the capability of proton accommodation. MoO3 has been reported as a stable negative electrode material for aqueous proton batteries,[2] while few positive electrode materials are known except for bulky organic[3] and Prussian-blue materials[4]. For achieving high energy density and long life, oxide positive electrode materials are desirable. Here we propose the application of MoO3 as the positive electrode material by optimizing the operating composition range. The potential values shown below are all shown versus SHE (actually measured with Ag/AgCl). MoO3 showed a discharge profile at around 0.5 V with the maximum capacity of ca. 100 mAh g-1, as shown in the figure. This potential is sufficiently more positive than the redox potential of protonated MoO3 of around -0.3 V as the negative electrode. With the aid of operando X-ray diffraction analysis, it turned out that the discharge regions at 0.5 V and 0.4 V are respectively associated with a biphasic transition of MoO3/phase I (ca. 0 < x < 0.3 in H x MoO3) and a single-phase reaction of phase I (ca. 0.3 < x < 0.5 in H x MoO3). Deep discharging beyond this range results in the coexistence of phase I and phase III (ca. 0.5 < x < 1.5 in H x MoO3) and the proton extraction from phase III leads to the formation of phase II or phase IIa with its discharging potential of 0.0 V. Structural calculation based on the density function theory is employed to clarify the origin of this irreversible phase transition behavior. Different proton sites between these phases seem to be responsible. An aqueous proton battery with a 7 mol dm–3 sulfuric acid electrolyte was constructed with H-inserted MoO3 and MoO3as the negative and positive electrodes, respectively, and was successfully discharged and charged repeatedly, with the operating voltage of ca. 0.6 V, indicating the launch of aqueous proton battery composed of oxide active materials. Reference s : [1] J. Li, H. Yan, C. Xu, Y. Liu, X. Zhang, M. Xia, L. Zhang, J. Shu, Nano Energy, 89 (2021) 106400. [2] X. Wang, Y. Xie, K. Tang, C. Wang, C. Yan, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 57 (2018) 11569. [3] X. Wang, J. Zhou, W. Tang, Energy Storage Mater., 36 (2021) 1. [4] X. Wu, J. J. Hong, W. Shin, L. Ma, T. Liu, X. Bi, Y. Yuan, Y. Qi, T. W. Surta, W. Huang, J. Neuefeind, T. Wu, P. A. Greaney, J. Lu, X. Ji, Nat. Energy, 4 (2019) 123. Figure 1
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Popova, Galina S. "Introduction to the study of Kong-zi jia-yu (“School Sayings of Confucius”)." Orientalistica 4, no. 4 (2021): 901–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.31696/2618-7043-2021-4-4-901-928.
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The Kong-zi jia-yu (“School Sayings of Confucius”) is an important historical source for the study of Confucius’ teachings. The text comprises Confucius’ sayings, records of his conversations with his students and other people, and also information regarding his life and deeds. Regardless of the factual cornucopia, the text remains almost completely unknown to Russian scholars. Equally, it has never been translated into Russian. The necessity to translate this historical source into Russian is obvious, at least because of the information regarding the life of Confucius (551–479 BC) and also the theory of his philosophy and belief system. The article offers the initial stage of the study of the Kong-zi jia-yu and comprises the Russian translation of the first two chapters. One of the tasks of the article is the identification of the sources the Kong-zi jia-yu is based upon. The translation is accompanied by the synopsis of the contents of the first five chapters, their composition and a source critical study about the information found in the Kong-zi jia-yu and the ancient Chinese works, such as Chun-qiu Zuo-zhuan, Xun-zi, Li-ji, Da Dai li-ji, Yi-wen-zi, Shuo-yuan. The study has proven that these texts should not be considered as sources of information for the first and second chapters of the Kong-zi jia-yu due to significant differences in detail description. It has been also established that the texts of the third, fourth and fifth chapters, which are philosophical dialogues to a large extent coincide with the chapters of Li-ji (chapters Ai-gong wen, Ru xing) and Da Dai li-ji (chapters Zhu yan, Ai-gong wen yu Kong-zi). However, regardless of these coincidences these texts still should not be considered as direct sources for the relevant chapters from the Kong-zi jia-yu. Most likely, the authors of all three chapters had recourse to the same source.
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Liu, Puning. "The Adoption of Neo-Confucianism in Discussing Legitimacy Dispute." Asian Culture and History 10, no. 1 (2017): 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ach.v10n1p43.
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Lipset (1960) denotes legitimacy as “the capacity of the system to engender and maintain the belief that the existing political institutions are the most appropriate ones for the society.” All political powers, including Chinese dynasties in history, needed legitimacy to ensure their governance. In general, Western thinkers who discuss political legitimacy could be identified into two groups (Habermas, 1979). The “empiricists”, likes Max Weber, studies legitimacy in an empirical method, focusing on the types, constitutions, functions, and evolutions of legitimacy. The second group consists of “normativists”, such as Plato and John Rawls, who tend to base legitimacy on various normative values such as justice or democracy. Pre-modern Chinese views on political legitimacy have the similar approaches like west. The first one pays attention to different empirical factors of legitimacy. For instance, the pre-Qin philosopher Zou Yan (305-240 BCE), and Western Han thinker Liu Xin (50 BCE-23 CE) view a dynasty’s legitimate by its adoption of rightful dynastic phase (Wang 2006). The Song Dynasty (960–1279) historian Ouyang Xiu (1007-1072) argues that the just position and the unification of China make a legitimate dynasty (Rao 1996). The second approach bases legitimacy on normative values. For example, Confucius (551-479 BCE) indicates that the rightfulness of a ruler relies on his properly practicing both “benevolence” (ren ), and “rites” (li ). Many present scholars give us their studies on the legitimacy in Chinese history. For instance, Rao Zong (1996) provides the general overviews of legitimacy in the Chinese tradition, with an extensive collection of relevant primary sources. Hou Deren (2009) introduces most relevant present-day Chinese studies on that issue. For English readers, general studies of traditional Chinese views on legitimacy can be found in the writings of Hok-lam Chan (1984) and Richard Davis (1983). Nevertheless, it is notable that the question of legitimacy became pressing from the 13th century onwards in China, when China was ruled by non-Chinese ruling houses, such as the Yuan Dynasty 元 (1272-1368) and Qing Dynasty (1889-1912). Scholars during that period showed a great interest in discussing the question of what makes a legitimate ruler of China. In general, these scholars approached that question in two ways; they introduced the prevailing Neo-Confucianism to define the virtuous rule as the principal value of legitimacy (Bol, 2009), or they defined a Chinese ruled dynasty as legitimate. To reveal these scholars’ distinct views on legitimacy, this paper investigates two of them, the Yuan literatus Yang Weizhen (1296-1370) and the Ming (1368-1644) scholar-official Fang Xiaoru (1357-1402). For English readers, only Richard Davis (1983) gives a brief introduction on Yang Weizhen’s views on legitimacy. Few studies focus on Fang Xiaoru’s relevant views. Following the text analysis way, this article proves that Yang Weizhen and Fang Xiaoru acted as two representatives of scholars in the late imperial China. Both of them adopted Neo-Confucianism to discuss legitimacy, viewing the discussion of legitimacy as a moral evaluation of the dynasty and monarch. They also shared the idea that Chinese ruled dynasty should be viewed as legitimate.
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Yuan, Jun-Hua, Yan-Qing Li, and Xiao-Yun Yang. "Protective Effects of Epigallocatechin Gallate on Colon Preneoplastic Lesions Induced by 2-Amino-3-Methylimidazo(4,5-f)Quinoline in Mice." Molecular Medicine 14, no. 9-10 (2008): 590–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.2119/2007-00050.yuan.
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Hardie, Alison. "Political Drama in the Ming-Qing Transition: A Study of Four Plays." MING QING YANJIU 17, no. 01 (2012): 1–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/24684791-01701002.
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In the late Ming dynasty, a new genre of drama arose, which presented on stage recent political events, featuring real historical persons; this genre continued across the Ming-Qing transition. The earliest and one of the best known examples is The Cry of the Phoenix (Ming feng ji), dramatising the conflict between corrupt minister Yan Song (1481-1568) and upright official Yang Jisheng (1516-1555), and probably written by someone in the literary circle of Wang Shizhen (1526-1590). The genre reached its apogee in Kong Shangren’s (1648-1718) The Peach Blossom Fan (Taohua shan). Around the Ming-Qing transition, in the Chongzhen and Shunzhi reigns, a considerable number of plays focused on the conflict during the preceding Tianqi reign between the Eastern Grove (Donglin) faction and the chief eunuch Wei Zhongxian (1568-1627). Eleven plays on this subject are known, of which three survive: Fan Shiyan’s Eunuch Wei Grinds Down the Loyal (Wei jian mo zhong ji), the Clear-Whistling Scholar’s (Qingxiaosheng) A Happy Encounter with Spring (Xi feng chun), and Li Yu’s 李玉 A Roster of the Pure and Loyal (Qing zhong pu). Basing my argument on an examination of these plays and of another play by Li Yu, Reunion across Ten Thousand Miles (Wan li yuan), also based on contemporary events, I suggest that the lively version of events given by these political dramas both reflected and helped to develop and spread the popularly accepted view of late-Ming and Southern Ming factional conflict leading to the fall of the Ming dynasty. According to this view, broadly following the Eastern Grove and Revival Society (Fushe) narrative, the decline and fall of the Ming dynasty was the fault of corrupt officials and evil palace eunuchs who misled the Emperor and were bravely resisted by righteous and incorruptible officials who fell as martyrs to their unprincipled opponents. This simplistic view, endorsed to a great extent in the official Ming History (Ming shi), which was mostly written by former Eastern Grove and Revival Society adherents, has persisted in the popular mind to the present day. I also argue that, after the establishment of the Qing, political drama could serve as a vehicle for the covert expression of Ming loyalism.
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Azizi, Kobra, Hans Hjuler, Lars Nilausen Cleemann, Dirk Henkensmeier, Jacobus Cornelis Duburg, and Lorenz Gubler. "Polybenzimidazole Membrane for Vanadium Flow Battery Applications." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2022-02, no. 4 (2022): 550. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2022-024550mtgabs.
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The vanadium redox flow battery (VRFB) is one of the most promising secondary batteries as a large-capacity energy storage device for storing renewable energy.1 Perfluorinated-based ion exchange membranes such as Nafion are the most widely used membranes in VRFB due to their high proton conductivity. However, the extremely high cost and low ion selectivity of Nafion have limited their further application in VRFB. Among the aromatic hydrocarbon-based membranes that combine both high ion selectivity and high proton conductivity, polybenzimidazole- based membranes have served as one of the most promising alternatives to Nafion due to their excellent chemical and mechanical stability and low cost.2 In the present work m-PBI membranes of varying thickness and modified PBI were prepared, and their properties and VRFB performances were compared. The voltage efficiency (VE) increased with decreasing membrane thickness because of the decreasing ohmic resistance. The excellent current efficiency (CE) of VRFBs using meta-PBI based membranes is attributed to the negligible vanadium crossover observed in ex-situ permeability tests. The stability of the membranes after long term cycling is one of the most challenging problems in large-scale VRB applications. The durability of PBI membrane in VRFB cell testing and the capacity decay was measured by operating the cells for 100 cycles under a high current density of 200 mA cm−2. Fig 1: Flow battery efficiencies using electrodes: 2.5 mm SGL, CR = 20%, membrane: PBI 7 µm at current density of 200 mA/cm2, the electrolyte solution V(IV):V(III) (50:50) in 2.0 M H2SO4 and 0.05 M H3PO4 . The chemical stability of PBI membranes was analyzed after immersion of the PBI samples in various highly oxidizing and reducing sulfuric acid based vanadium and cerium solutions. The membranes stayed unchanged for more than 4 months. This result suggests that the PBI membranes demonstrate excellent ex-situ chemical stability in the harsh acid, oxidizing and reducing conditions. References: 1) Noh, M. Jung, D. Henkensmeier, S. W. Nam and Y. Kwon, ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 9 (2017) 36799-36809. 2) Chen, H. Qi, T. Sun, C. Yan, Y. He, C. Kang, Z. Yuan, X. Li, J. Membr. Sci., 586 (2019) 202-210. Figure 1
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Gao, Yue, Chun-Jie Liu, Hua-Yi Li, et al. "Abstract LB168: Platelet RNA signature enables early and accurate detection of ovarian cancer: An intercontinental, biomarker identification study." Cancer Research 82, no. 12_Supplement (2022): LB168. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2022-lb168.
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Abstract Background: Morpho-physiological alternations of platelets provided a rationale to harness RNA sequencing of tumor-educated platelets (TEPs) for preoperative diagnosis of cancer. Timely, accurate, and non-invasive detection of ovarian cancer in women with adnexal masses presents a significant clinical challenge. Patients and Methods: This intercontinental, hospital-based, diagnostic study included 761 treatment-naïve inpatients with histologically confirmed adnexal masses and 167 healthy controls from nine medical centers (China, n=3; Netherlands, n=5; Poland, n=1) between September 2016 and May 2019. The main outcomes were the performance of TEPs and their combination with CA125 in two Chinese (VC1 and VC2) and the European (VC3) validation cohorts collectively and independently. Exploratory outcome was the value of TEPs in public pan-cancer platelet transcriptome datasets. Results: The AUCs for TEPs in the combined validation cohort, VC1, VC2, and VC3 were 0.918 (95% CI 0.889-0.948), 0.923 (0.855-0.990), 0.918 (0.872-0.963), and 0.887 (0.813-0.960), respectively. Combination of TEPs and CA125 demonstrated an AUC of 0.922 (0.889-0.955) in the combined validation cohort; 0.955 (0.912-0.997) in VC1; 0.939 (0.901-0.977) in VC2; 0.917 (0.824-1.000) in VC3. For subgroup analysis, TEPs exhibited an AUC of 0.858, 0.859, and 0.920 to detect early-stage, borderline, non-epithelial diseases and 0.899 to discriminate ovarian cancer from endometriosis. Analysis of public datasets suggested that TEPs had potential to detect multiple malignancies (Table 1). Conclusions: TEPs had robustness, compatibility, and universality for preoperative diagnosis of ovarian cancer since it withstood validations in populations of different ethnicities, heterogeneous histological subtypes, early-stage ovarian cancer as well as other malignancies. However, these observations warrant prospective validations in a larger population before clinical utilities. Table 1. Performance for TEPs in public pan-cancer datasets. Disease n Healthy Control AUC, area under the curve (95% CI) Women NSCLC (non-small-cell lung cancer) 126 77 0.758 (0.691-0.825) Breast cancer 38 77 0.817 (0.726-0.909) Colorectal cancer 18 77 0.973 (0.945-1.000) Pancreatic cancer 16 77 0.993 (0.981-1.000) Glioblastoma 10 77 0.923 (0.831-1.000) Men NSCLC 119 82 0.746 (0.677-0.815) Colorectal cancer 25 82 0.933 (0.884-0.982) Pancreatic cancer 22 82 0.993 (0.984-1.000) Glioblastoma 19 82 0.981 (0.959-1.000) All NSCLC 245 159 0.774 (0.728-0.820) Colorectal cancer 40 159 0.978 (0.961-0.996) Breast cancer 38 159 0.821 (0.736-0.906) Pancreatic cancer 35 159 0.987 (0.974-0.999) Glioblastoma 35 159 0.931 (0.890-0.972) Hepatobiliary carcinomas 14 159 0.991 (0.978-1.000) Citation Format: Yue Gao, Chun-Jie Liu, Hua-Yi Li, Xiao-Ming Xiong, Sjors G.j.g. In ‘t Veld, Gui-Ling Li, Jia-Hao Liu, Guang-Yao Cai, Gui-Yan Xie, Shao-Qing Zeng, Yuan Wu, Jian-Hua Chi, Qiong Zhang, Xiao-Fei Jiao, Lin-Li Shi, Wan-Rong Lu, Wei-Guo Lv, Xing-Sheng Yang, Jurgen M.j. Piek, Cornelis D de Kroon, C.a.r. Lok, Anna Supernat, Sylwia Łapińska-Szumczyk, Anna Łojkowska, Anna J. Żaczek, Jacek Jassem, Bakhos A. Tannous, Nik Sol, Edward Post, Myron G. Best, Bei-Hua Kong, Xing Xie, Ding Ma, Thomas Wurdinger, An-Yuan Guo, Qing-Lei Gao. Platelet RNA signature enables early and accurate detection of ovarian cancer: An intercontinental, biomarker identification study [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2022; 2022 Apr 8-13. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(12_Suppl):Abstract nr LB168.
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Zhang, Dong Dong. "China's Economic Development: Institutions, Growth and Imbalances by Ming Lu, Zhao Chen, Yongqin Wang, Yan Zhang, Yuan Zhang, and Changyuan Luo Edward Elgar, Cheltenham, UK, 2013 Pp. 233. ISBN 978 0 85793 508 3." Asian-Pacific Economic Literature 28, no. 1 (2014): 206–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/apel.12067.
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Zhu, Xiaoguan, Yuan Lu, Jing Guo, et al. "Abstract 5443: BPI-421286: A highly potent small molecule inhibitor targeting KRASG12C mutation." Cancer Research 82, no. 12_Supplement (2022): 5443. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2022-5443.
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Abstract KRAS is a GTP-binding protein that links receptor tyrosine kinase activation to intracellular signaling. Mutation of KRAS favors the GTP-bound active state and constitutive activation of downstream effects. KRASG12C mutation has been identified as an oncogenic driver of tumorigenesis, which is found in approximately 14% of lung cancer, 4% of colorectal (CRC), and 1-3% of other solid tumors. Herein, we report BPI-421286, a highly potent and selective covalent small molecular KRASG12C inhibitor. In vitro, BPI-421286 showed a high Kinact/Ki value (256,000 M-1 s-1), and inhibited KRAS-GTP/GDP exchange with a lower IC50 (55 nM). In cell-based assays, BPI-421286 suppressed proliferation of KRASG12C mutant cell lines with sub-nanomolar potency, but did not affect cell lines with wide type or non-G12C KRAS mutations. BPI-421286 also inhibited phospho-ERK in MIA PaCa-2 cell with a low IC50 value (2.9 nM). In vivo, daily oral administration of 3-100 mg/kg BPI-421286 led to tumor growth suppression or regression in multiple KRASG12C mutant xenograft or PDX models of NSCLC, CRC and PDAC. The in vivo PKPD in MIA PaCa-2 xenograft model showed that durable pERK inhibition can be achieved without continuous drug exposure, featuring BPI-421286 as a covalent, non-reversible KRAS inhibitor. Combining BPI-421286 with several targeted agents, including a SHP2 inhibitor BPI-442096 and a CDK4/6 inhibitor BPI-16350, demonstrated enhanced tumor growth inhibition compared to either agent alone. Notably, for the acquired resistance mutations that are clinically observed after KRASG12C inhibitor treatment, such as G12C/H95D, G12C/H95Q, G12C/R68S and G12C/Y96C, BPI-421286 also exhibited strong inhibitory activities, suggesting that BPI-421286 could overcome the acquired resistance of currently approved KRASG12C inhibitors. Taken together, BPI-421286 is a highly potent and selective KRASG12C inhibitor, with favorable ADME properties and wide therapeutic index in pre-clinical toxicology studies. BPI-421286 is currently in Phase 1 clinical study. Citation Format: Xiaoguan Zhu, Yuan Lu, Jing Guo, Dan Yan, Boyan Li, Xiaoping Chen, Haibo Chen, Hong Lan, Hao Wu, Lieming Ding, Jiabing Wang. BPI-421286: A highly potent small molecule inhibitor targeting KRASG12C mutation [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2022; 2022 Apr 8-13. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(12_Suppl):Abstract nr 5443.
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Mohd Halim, Siti Nabilah, Husni Hani Jameela Sapingi, Mohamad Fariz Mohamad Taib, and Fauzan Ahmad. "Graphene-Molybdenum Disulphide Chitin Nanocomposite Based Passive Q-switcher." Photonics Letters of Poland 14, no. 1 (2022): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.4302/plp.v14i1.1136.
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A simple fabrication of graphene-MoS2 nanocomposite, as well as individual graphene and molybdenum disulphide (MoS2) film has been done through a liquid phase exfoliation method using chitin as a binder. All of the developed films are integrated as a passive Q-switcher in an Erbium doped fiber laser. The graphene-MoS2 nanocomposite based passive Q-switcher is generated by a pulsed fiber laser with the shortest width of 1.63 µs and the highest signal to noise ratio of 51.01 dB. The graphene-MoS2 nanocomposite films show a better saturable absorption response compared to an individual graphene-chitin and MoS2-chitin based passive Q-switcher. Full Text: PDF ReferencesB. Zhang et al., "Recent Progress in 2D Material-Based Saturable Absorbers for All Solid-State Pulsed Bulk Lasers", Laser Photon. Rev. 14(2), 1900240 (2020). CrossRef M. Zhang, H. Chen, J. Yin, J. Wang, P. Yan, "Recent development of saturable absorbers for ultrafast lasers [Invited]", Chinese Opt. Letters 19(8), 081405 (2021). CrossRef S.A. Hussain, "Beta rhythm events predict corticospinal motor output", Scientific Reports 9(1), 1 (2019). CrossRef B. Fu, Y. Hua, X. Xiao, H. Zhu, Z. Sun, C. Yang, "Broadband Graphene Saturable Absorber for Pulsed Fiber Lasers at 1, 1.5, and 2 μm", IEEE J. Selected Topics in Quant. Electron. 20(5), 411 (2014). CrossRef S.N.M. Halim, S.N.F. Zuikafly, M.F.M. Taib, F. Ahmad, "First Principles Study on Electronic and Optical Properties of Graphene/MoS2 for Optoelectronic Application", IEEE International Conference on Semiconductor Electronics (ICSE), 29-32, (2020), CrossRef Z. Wang, H. Mu, J. Yuan, C. Zhao, Q. Bao, H. Zhang, "Graphene-Bi2Te3 Heterostructure as Broadband Saturable Absorber for Ultra-Short Pulse Generation in Er-Doped and Yb-Doped Fiber Lasers", Quant. Electron. 23(1), 195 (2016). CrossRef E.P. Randviir, D.A. Brownson, C.E. Banks, "A decade of graphene research: production, applications and outlook", Materials Today 17(9), 426 (2014). CrossRef S.N.F. Zuikafly, N.F. Razak, R.M. Rosnan, S.W. Harun, F. Ahmad, "Graphene slurry based passive Q-switcher in erbium doped fiber laser", Bull. Electr. Engin. Informat. 8(4), 1351 (2019). CrossRef W.M.F.W. Nawawi, K.-Y. Lee, E. Kontturi, R.J. Murphy, A. Bismarck, "Chitin Nanopaper from Mushroom Extract: Natural Composite of Nanofibers and Glucan from a Single Biobased Source", ACS Sustainable Chem. Engin. 7(7), 6492 (2019). CrossRef
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YUAN, TIAN-JUN, OLIVIER RASPÉ, YONG-JUN LI, et al. "Tian-Jun Yuan, Olivier Raspé, Yong-Jun Li, Li Wang, Kai-Mei Su, Yun Wang, Hong-Yan Su, Hai-Kuan Xiong & Shu-Hong Li. (2021) Choiromyces cerebriformis (Tuberaceae), a new hypogeous species from Yunnan, China. Phytotaxa 482 (3): 251–260." Phytotaxa 496, no. 1 (2021): 104. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.496.1.9.
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Chiu, Y. H., C. C. Lu, F. C. Liu, et al. "AB1236 KL-6 AS A BIOMARKER FOR SJÖGREN SYNDROME-ASSOCIATED INTERSTITIAL LUNG DISEASE: METHODOLOGY MATTERS." Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 79, Suppl 1 (2020): 1908.1–1909. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-eular.1006.
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Background:Krebs von den Lungen-6 (KL-6) was recently found to be a serum biomarker for various disease associated interstitial lung disease (ILD) including primary Sjögren syndrome (pSS).1KL-6 is a high-molecular-weight glycoprotein in the Mucin 1 protein group and is majorly expressed by regenerating type II pneumocytes; hence, serum KL-6 levels may reflect the severity of pulmonary damage with regeneration.2Human KL-6 also promotes the proliferation and survival of pulmonary fibroblasts and the differentiation of myofibroblasts, which enhance fibrosis.3, 4Objectives:To evaluate the agreement between the latex particle-enhanced turbidimetric immunoassay with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and association with clinical phenotypes.Methods:This retrospective case-control study included 39 patients with pSS, of whom 21 (53.85%) patients developed ILD at the end of follow-up. The serum KL-6 level was compared between latex particle-enhanced turbidimetric immunoassay (Nanopia) and ELISA (MBS2601395; MyBioSource, CA, USA). Electronic medical records were reviewed, including clinical information, images, pulmonary function test, and laboratory results on inclusion, and a chest physician reviewed the results of pulmonary radiography.Results:The two serum KL-6 immunoassays revealed a moderate correlation with a Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient of 0.427. Serum KL-6 levels, measured using ELISA, were 1920.10 ± 1974.26 U/mL and 894.11 ± 788.53 U/mL in the ILD and non-ILD groups, respectively (p = 0.001). The latex particle-enhanced turbidimetric immunoassay for serum KL-6 was 459.62 ± 331.41 U/mL and 265.33 ± 105.37 U/mL in the ILD and non-ILD group, respectively (p = 0.074). The predictive values of serum KL-6 in the area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve were 0.810 and 0.669 in ELISA and latex particle-enhanced turbidimetric immunoassay, respectively.Conclusion:Serum KL-6 is a predicting biomarker in pSS patients who may develop ILD. However, the methodology of immunoassay may influence the efficacy of the prediction and clinical association.References:[1]Chiu Y-H, Lu C-C, Liu F-C, et al. FRI0228 KL-6 AS A BIOMARKER OF DEVELOPING INTERSTITIAL LUNG DISEASE IN PATIENTS WITH SJÖGREN SYNDROME.Ann Rheum Dis. 2019; 78: 793.[2]Yousefi M, Dehghani S, Nosrati R, et al. Aptasensors as a new sensing technology developed for the detection of MUC1 mucin: A review.Biosensors & bioelectronics. 2019; 130: 1-19.[3]Xu L, Yan DR, Zhu SL, et al. KL-6 regulated the expression of HGF, collagen and myofibroblast differentiation.Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci. 2013; 17: 3073-7.[4]Ohshimo S, Yokoyama A, Hattori N, Ishikawa N, Hirasawa Y and Kohno N. KL-6, a human MUC1 mucin, promotes proliferation and survival of lung fibroblasts.Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2005; 338: 1845-52.Acknowledgments:This work was supported by National Defense Medical Center and Tri-Service General Hospital (TSGH-D-109183). The authors thank Kuo’s Yuan In Enterprise co., LTD for supporting Nanopia KL-6 Kit.Disclosure of Interests:None declared
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Dai, Shuang, Weifeng Huang, Zhijun Yuan, et al. "Abstract 5525: An Fc-competent bispecific antibody targeting PD-L1 and TIGIT induces strong immune responses and potent anti-tumor efficacy." Cancer Research 82, no. 12_Supplement (2022): 5525. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2022-5525.
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Abstract Background: TIGIT (T-cell immunoglobulin and ITIM domain), which is primarily expressed on activated and 'exhausted' T and NK cells, is one of the most promising 'next generation' immune checkpoint target. Engagement of TIGIT to its ligands (i.e., PVR and PVRL2) leads to inhibitory signaling in T cells and promotes the functional exhaustion of tumor-infiltrating T lymphocytes. Anti-TIGIT monoclonal antibodies have shown clinical benefit when combined with anti-PD-L1 agents in NSCLC. Here, we describe our novel anti-PD-L1 × TIGIT bispecific antibody (PD-L1 × TIGIT biAb) that blocks both the PD-L1/PD-1 and TIGIT/PVR/PVRL2 pathways and has the potential to exhibit equal clinical benefit compared to current combination therapies. Methods: PD-L1 × TIGIT biAb was engineered with a fully-human IgG targeting TIGIT in a g1-Fc backbone, fused to a VHH at the C-terminus targeting PD-L1. Binding affinities and specificity testing were studied by flow cytometry and biolayer interferometry. The co-binding of the PD-L1 × TIGIT biAb to TIGIT and PD-L1 was detected by ELISA. The immunomodulatory functions of the PD-L1 × TIGIT biAb were evaluated using luciferase reporter cell assays and mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR) assays in vitro, and human PBMC models in vivo. Results: The PD-L1 × TIGIT biAb binds with high affinity to the extracellular domain of human TIGIT and PD-L1 and can bind to TIGIT and PD-L1 simultaneously. In a competition assay, the PD-L1 × TIGIT biAb efficiently blocked the interaction between TIGIT and PVR/PVRRL2, and likewise PD-L1 to PD-1. The PD-L1 × TIGIT biAb induced higher luciferase signals than the anti-TIGIT or anti-PD-L1 mAbs alone in a luciferase reporter-based cell system and enhanced IFN-γ production in an MLR assay. In vivo, the PD-L1 × TIGIT biAb demonstrates similar anti-tumor efficacy to the combination of anti-TIGIT and anti-PD-L1 mAbs, which is stronger than the single-agents alone. We have also completed GLP-toxicity studies that have shown excellent safety. Conclusion: We have discovered a novel PD-L1 × TIGIT biAb, which induces strong immune responses in vitro and in vivo, supporting its clinical development for the treatment of human cancers. Clinical trials shall be initiating in early 2022. Citation Format: Shuang Dai, Weifeng Huang, Zhijun Yuan, Shaogang Peng, Jiayi Si, Chao Wang, Yao Yan, Xiaoniu Miao, Yingda Xu, Joanne Sun, Xiaolin Liu, Andy Tsun, Tianhang Zhai. An Fc-competent bispecific antibody targeting PD-L1 and TIGIT induces strong immune responses and potent anti-tumor efficacy [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2022; 2022 Apr 8-13. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(12_Suppl):Abstract nr 5525.
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Ejigiri, Damien. "Paolo Santangelo (in cooperation with Yan Beiwen), Zibuyu, “What The Master Would Not Discuss”, according to Yuan Mei (1716-1798): A Collection of Supernatural Stories. Volumes One & Two. Leiden/Boston: Brill, 2013. 672 pages & 1,283 pages; price: $324.00." African and Asian Studies 12, no. 4 (2013): 446–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15692108-12341280.
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Sun, Mengxiang, and Chun-Ming Liu. "Professor Hong-Yuan Yang (1933-2010)." Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 53, no. 1 (2011): 89–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-7909.2010.01027.x.
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OHATA, Chika. "Prof. Sook Jung Yun." Nishi Nihon Hifuka 76, no. 3 (2014): 257–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.2336/nishinihonhifu.76.257.
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Xia, Xingyu, Zishen Yan, William C. Cho, and Yuan Lin. "Abstract 6002: Invasiveness-dependent mechanical plasticity of cancer cells." Cancer Research 82, no. 12_Supplement (2022): 6002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2022-6002.
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Abstract Introduction: The capability of living cells to undergo deformations is critical for them to perform different biological functions, such as migration, spreading and endocytosis. Interestingly, recent evidence has also suggested that the mechanical response of cancer cells is intimately related to their pathological state. Physically, a reduced modulus will make it easier for cancer cells to change their morphology when squeezing through tight endothelial cell-cell junctions or pores in the extracellular matrix. However, the deformed cell will fully restore to its original shape if the response is purely elastic or viscoelastic. In this regard, the capability of cells to retain irreversible deformations, and hence effectively “memorize” the characteristics of the physical confinement that they have encountered, could greatly facilitate their subsequent passage through similar barriers, which is a common scenario in tumor cell invasion and metastasis. Here, we developed a method, for the first time to the best of our knowledge, to quantitatively measure the apparent plastic response of tumor cells and examine its correlation with their invasiveness. Materials and Methods: A microfluidic device was designed to deform the cell and then extract its viscoelastic and plastic characteristics from its shape recovery. The chip was casted by molding of silicon wafer which was fabricated using photo etching method. During the test, cells were pushed to squeeze through the deformation channel of the chip. Deformations of the cell and its nucleus were monitored under a fluorescent microscope. Two breast cancer cell lines (MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7), one nasopharyngeal cell line (NP69), and one carcinoma counterpart (HONE-1) were used. To verify the correlation of plastic response with cytoskeleton damage, Latrunculin A was added to block F-actin formation. SYTO fluorescent dye was used for live imaging of the cell nucleus. Results: After being deformed in the narrow channel for a few seconds, cells were released free and recovered the deformation. Interestingly, the highly invasive MDA-MB-231 and HONE-1 cells underwent irreversible deformation even after 10 minutes. However, NP69 and the poorly invasive MCF-7 cells fully recovered to the original round shape in a few minutes. But after blocking the F-actin formation with Latrunculin A, MCF-7 cells retained partial plastic strain. The nucleus elongated when the cell deformed, but fully recovered in 5 minutes. The results indicated the irreversible deformation of cells originated from cytoskeleton damage, but not the nucleus deformation. Conclusions: No apparent irreversible deformation was observed in the less invasive cell lines, suggesting that the plastic response of tumor cells might be correlated with their invasiveness. In addition, it was found that the plastic deformation of highly invasive cancer cells is caused by their cytoskeleton damage rather than plasticity of the nucleus. Citation Format: Xingyu Xia, Zishen Yan, William C. Cho, Yuan Lin. Invasiveness-dependent mechanical plasticity of cancer cells [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2022; 2022 Apr 8-13. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(12_Suppl):Abstract nr 6002.
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Algate, Paul, Zhi Liu, Saying Yuan, et al. "Abstract 2902: Development of PSB202, a bifunctional antibody pair that target CD20 and CD37, for the treatment of B-cell malignancies." Cancer Research 82, no. 12_Supplement (2022): 2902. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2022-2902.
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Abstract CD20 and CD37 are co-expressed on most B-NHL and CLL tumors. Systemic depletion of normal and malignant B-cells by anti-CD20 antibodies (e.g. rituximab and obinutuzumab) and anti-CD37 antibodies (e.g. otlertuzumab and BI 836826) has been well tolerated in clinical studies. Depletion of B-cells is reversible, with the ability to repopulate B-cells from hematopoietic stem cells. Dual targeting CD20 and CD37 may improve the clinical efficacy and decrease drug resistance. PSB202 is a novel biological entity composed of two engineered monoclonal antibodies which are produced from a single stable CHO cell line - a humanized anti-CD20 antibody (PSB102) and a humanized anti-CD37 antibody (PSB107) at a 1:1 molecular ratio. In vitro binding studies demonstrated that PSB202 specifically binds to human CD20 and CD37. The antibodies’ binding to FcγRIIIa was enhanced by reducing the fucose level on each antibody component. PSB202 directly induced potent autonomous killing via target engagement. PSB202 mediated depletion of human and monkey blood B-cells and malignant human B-cell lines through ADCC activity at EC50 of double digit pM and CDC activity at EC50 of low single digit nM. Importantly, PSB202 effectively depleted B-cells in ex vivo cultures of blood cells from CLL and NHL patients who were refractive to rituximab treatment. The antitumor activity of PSB202 was demonstrated in human xenograft models in mice. PSB202 was able to reduce different human lymphoma tumors by up to ~97.9% in a dose-dependent manner, suggesting that PSB202 might be potentially efficacious against multiple types of B-cell malignancies. Synergy was demonstrated for PSB202 in combination with lenalidomide. Toxicokinetic assessment in cynomolgus monkeys showed a dose proportional exposure for both antibody components, with mean terminal elimination half-life (T1/2) of ~60 and ~68 hours for the anti-CD20 and anti-CD37 component, respectively. PBS202 was well tolerated, with observed toxicities mostly related to its activity as a B-cell depletion agent. As expected, PSB202 when administered at ≥ 10 mg/kg resulted in nearly complete depletion of B lymphocytes 24 hours following the 1st dose. B-cells returned to near baseline within 2 months after the last dose at 10 mg/kg. PSB202 can deplete normal and malignant B-cells by targeting two clinically validated targets through multiple distinct mechanisms including direct B-cell killing, enhanced ADCC activity, and CDC activity. PSB202 offers the potential to improve clinical efficacy, decrease drug resistance, provide administration convenience especially when combining with additional therapeutics, lower the cost for treatment, and reduce the unwanted side effects from chemotherapy. PSB202 is currently being evaluated in patients with previously treated, relapsed, indolent B-cell malignancies (NCT05003141). Citation Format: Paul Algate, Zhi Liu, Saying Yuan, Hua Liu, Cristina Domeier, Haiming Jiang, Yuanzhi Lao, Yanling Xu, William C. Fanslow, Ron Schoner, Wei Yan. Development of PSB202, a bifunctional antibody pair that target CD20 and CD37, for the treatment of B-cell malignancies [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2022; 2022 Apr 8-13. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(12_Suppl):Abstract nr 2902.
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Yun, Jiwon, and Hye-Sook Lee. "Prosodic disambiguation of questions in Korean." Korean Linguistics 18, no. 1 (2022): 18–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/kl.00014.yun.
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Abstract This study aims to identify the acoustic and perceptual properties that contribute to identifying the meaning of Korean sentences that are ambiguous between wh-question and yes-no question readings. While in most cases the Accentual Phrase (AP) tonal pattern (Jun 1993) differs between the two question readings, there are cases where the two readings are predicted to have the same AP tonal pattern. However, our experimental results indicate that even in those cases a typical AP tonal contrast between the two question interpretations, i.e. the presence vs. absence of the tone in the syllable that immediately follows the wh-word, is observed in production and plays a meaningful role in perception. The results suggest that there is a production and processing strategy to utilize a consistent contrast in accentual phrasing between the two types of questions for disambiguation.
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Yang, Jun. "Review of Zhang & Jian (2021): The Third Space and Chinese Language Pedagogy: Negotiating Intentions and Expectations in Another Culture." Chinese as a Second Language (漢語教學研究—美國中文教師學會學報). The journal of the Chinese Language Teachers Association, USA 56, no. 1 (2021): 77–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/csl.00020.yun.
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Lee, Hyang, and Seong Woo Yun. "How can we improve the codes of ethics for translators?" APTIF 9 - Reality vs. Illusion 66, no. 4-5 (2020): 706–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/babel.00190.yun.
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Abstract As early as 1963, the FIT adopted the Translator’s Charter during the Congress at Dubrovnik, stipulating the rights, obligations, and social responsibilities of translators. The document inspired many professional translator associations to draft their own codes. These codes share a common goal: to inform the ethical decision-making of translators. However, some practitioners as well as scholars have questioned their value, pointing to the inconsistencies within or between codes and the difficulty of applying them to real-life situations. They view the codes as declarative documents that lay down the most basic ethical principles. Why does this gap exist between codes and practice? What should be addressed first to answer this question? We believe that these codes tend to overlook a fundamental aspect of translation. Their focus is on the relationship between translators and clients. In other words, gaining the confidence and meeting the expectations of clients are often treated as the most important elements of a code. However, the act of translation, like any human act, is a social one that impacts the community the translator belongs to. Therefore, a translator is a social agent who supports the ethical goal of living better together in a community. How can these codes be improved? To explore this question, we review the discussions of authors who have emphasized the social role of translators and interpreters, including Chesterman, Baker, and Inghilleri. We finally suggest community-related ethical principles and virtues for translator codes of ethics.
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Tejeda Martín, Teresa Inés. "El rol de la mujer china a principios del siglo XX en la novela Bansheng yuan de Zhang Ailing." Revista Internacional de Culturas y Literaturas, no. 23 (2020): 125–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.12795/ricl.2020.i23.09.
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En este artículo reflexionaremos, a través de la lectura Bansheng yuan, la primera novela larga de Zhang Ailing (Eileen Chang), sobre la situación de la mujer china en las primeras décadas del siglo XX. Con el análisis de los tres principales personajes femeninos nos centraremos en destacar dos aspectos que, a pesar de haber avanzado en la teoría, seguían lastrando la posición de la mujer en la práctica: la falta de independencia laboral y el matrimonio.
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Sun, J., W. Zheng, Y. Zhang, and Z. Gu. "AB0639 EXOSOMES DERIVED FROM ENDOTHELIAL CELLS PREVENT OSTEOBLAST APOPTOSIS IN STEROID-INDUCED OSTEONECROSIS OF THE FEMORAL HEAD RAT MODEL VIA THE PI3K/AKT/Bcl-2 SIGNAL PATHWAY." Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 80, Suppl 1 (2021): 1353.2–1353. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2021-eular.3088.
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Background:Osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) is a common disease caused by many trauma factors and un-trauma factors. Among those un-trauma factors, steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head (SNFH) accounted for a large proportion and mainly concentrated in young people. SNFH has been reported as an irreversible disease and associated with the damage of blood vessels and the loss balance of bone homeostasis. Circulating endothelial progenitor cells (CEPCs), one part of circulating endothelial cells (CECs), are immature precursor cells with proliferative potential. The damage of vascular endothelial cells in SNFH has been confirmed by many studies, but the changes of CECs and CEPCs in the peripheral blood of patients with SNFH have not been studied yet.Objectives:The objective of the study is to explore the number of CECs and CEPCs in SNFH patients and normal people and then investigate whether EC-secreted exosomes (EC-exos) could prevent the progression of SNFH in rat model and its mechanism of action.Methods:We collect peripheral blood of 3 SNFH patients and 3 heathy people and detected the levels of CECs and CEPCs by Flow cytometer. TEM, NTA and western blot was used to characterize the isolated EC-exos. Annexin V-FITC/PI double staining with flow cytometric analysis and western blot were used to evaluate MC3T3-E1 cells apoptosis. CCK-8, scratching experiment and transwell were used to evaluate MC3T3-E1 cells viability and migration ability. Micro-CT and morphological staining were used to evaluate the progress of SNFH in rat model.Results:Firstly, we found that the number of CECs and CEPCs in the peripheral blood was decreased in SNFH patients than normal people. Then our results indicated that EC-exos could improve the migration, viability and prevent apoptosis of osteoblasts under dexamethasone by activating the PI3K/AKT/Bcl-2 signal pathway in vitro. Finally, our Micro-CT and morphological staining results in SNFH rat model revealed that EC-exos prevented the progression of SNFH.Conclusion:EC-exos could enhance the cell viability and migration ability of osteoblasts under dexamethasone and play an anti-apoptosis role against steroids-induced osteoblast apoptosis by activating the PI3K/AKT/Bcl-2 signal pathway. EC-exos prevented the progression of SNFH in rat model.References:[1]Zalavras CG, Lieberman JR. Osteonecrosis of the femoral head: evaluation and treatment. J Am Acad Orthop Surg. 2014;22(7):455-64.[2]Microsurgery Department of the Orthopedics Branch of the Chinese Medical Doctor A, Group from the O, Bone Defect Branch of the Chinese Association of R, Reconstructive S, Microsurgery, Reconstructive Surgery Group of the Orthopedics Branch of the Chinese Medical A. Chinese Guideline for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head in Adults. Orthop Surg. 2017;9(1):3-12.[3]Mont MA, Jones LC, Hungerford DS. Nontraumatic osteonecrosis of the femoral head: ten years later. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2006;88(5):1117-32.[4]Yuan HF, Zhang J, Guo CA, Yan ZQ. Clinical outcomes of osteonecrosis of the femoral head after autologous bone marrow stem cell implantation: a meta-analysis of seven case-control studies. Clinics (Sao Paulo). 2016;71(2):110-3.[5]Houdek MT, Wyles CC, Packard BD, Terzic A, Behfar A, Sierra RJ. Decreased Osteogenic Activity of Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Patients With Corticosteroid-Induced Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head. J Arthroplasty. 2016;31(4):893-8.Disclosure of Interests:None declared.
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Niu, H. Q., and L. Hao. "AB0237 CHANGES AND CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCES OF PERIPHERAL REGULATORY T CELLS IN RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS PATIENTS WITH CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE." Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 81, Suppl 1 (2022): 1246.2–1246. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2022-eular.316.
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BackgroundRheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular diseases (CVD), driven by the underlying chronic systemic inflammation [1]. The imbalance of CD4+ T lymphocyte subsets, especially between T helper (Th) 17 cells and regulatory T (Treg) cells, can mediate autoimmune inflammatory process, promoting the overproduction of cytokines and abnormal antibodies [2,3]. However, the levels of peripheral Th17 and Treg cells in RA patients with CVD are still unknown.ObjectivesTo explore the expression of circulating Th17 and Treg cells in RA patients with CVD and analyze its clinical significance.MethodsA total of 192 patients with RA and 86 healthy controls (HCs) were enrolled from January 2019 to January 2021. The peripheral blood CD4+T lymphocyte subsets of all participants were assessed by flow cytometry. Patients were divided into RA-CVD group (n=72) and RA only group (n=120), and the clinical data were recorded. The statistical differences between two groups were analyzed by independent-samples t test, χ2 test or Mann-Whitney U test, and risk factors of CVD were analyzed using Logistic regression.Results① The median age and the percentage of male patients in the RA-CVD group were significantly higher than those in the RA only group. ② The absolute numbers of peripheral Treg cells in the patients with RA only and RA-CVD were all significantly lower than those in HCs [24.94（19.32, 34.12）cells/μl vs. 33.13（24.96, 45.83）cells/μl，Z=-4.135，P＜0.01; 19.13（13.76, 27.34）cells/μl vs. 33.13（24.96, 45.83）cells/μl，Z=-5.354，P＜0.01]. While the numbers of peripheral Th17 cells in two groups of patients were not significantly different with those in HCs. The ratios of Th17/Treg cells in two group patients were higher than those of HCs, but only the difference between RA-CVD patients and HCs were significant [0.40（0.23，0.63）vs. 0.18（0.13，0.29）, Z=-4.696，P＜0.01]. ③ Compared to the RA only patients, the absolute counts of Treg cells in RA-CVD patients were significantly lower [Z=-3.047，P＜0.01], the numbers of Th17 cells were significantly higher [7.48（3.72, 13.63）cells/μl vs. 5.59（3.49，8.91）cells/μl，Z=-1.989，P＜0.05], and the ratio of Th17/Treg cells was significantly higher [0.40（0.23，0.63）vs. 0.23（0.14，0.35），Z=-4.289，P＜0.01]. ④ Logistic regression analysis showed that the level of circulating Treg cells (OR=0.936, 95%CI: 0.906-0.968) was a protective factor, while Th17 cells (OR=1.068, 95%CI: 1.020-1.119), elder age (OR=1.039, 95%CI: 1.004-1.076) and hypertension (OR=2.712, 95%CI: 1.254-5.865) were independent risk factors of RA patients complicated with CVD.ConclusionIt is suggested that the immune imbalance caused by the deficiency of Treg cells may be involved in the occurrence and development of RA complicated with CVD, and to restore Treg numbers and function may be a promising preventive strategies.References[1]Hansildaar R, Vedder D, Baniaamam M, et al. Cardiovascular risk in inflammatory arthritis: rheumatoid arthritis and gout. Lancet Rheumatol, 2021, 3(1): e58-e70.[2]Wu R, Li N, Zhao X, et al. Low-dose Interleukin-2: Biology and therapeutic prospects in rheumatoid arthritis. Autoimmun Rev, 2020, 19(10): 102645.[3]Niu HQ, Yuan C, Yan C, et al. Decreased numbers and sex-based differences of circulating regulatory T cells in patients with seropositive undifferentiated arthritis. Ther Adv Chronic Dis, 2021, 12: 2040622320986721.Disclosure of InterestsNone declared
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Tessman, Brock F. "Harmony and War: Confucian Culture and Chinese Power Politics. By Yuan-Kang Wang. New York: Columbia University Press, 2011. 328p. $55.00. - Ancient Chinese Thought, Modern Chinese Power. By Yan Xuetong. Edited by Daniel A. Bell and Sun Zhe. Translated by Edmund Ryden. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2011. 312p. $32.50." Perspectives on Politics 11, no. 2 (2013): 706–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1537592713001230.
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