Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Yang-Mills, Champs de'
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Efremov, Alexander. "Renormalization of SU(2) Yang-Mills theory with flow equations." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017SACLX050/document.
Full textThe goal of this work is a rigorous perturbative construction of the SU(2) Yang-Mills theory in four dimensional Euclidean space. The functional integration technique gives a mathematical basis for establishing the differential Flow Equations of the renormalization group for the effective action. While the introduction of momentum space regulators permits to give a mathematical definition of the Schwinger functions, the important difficulty of the approach is the fact that these regulators break gauge invariance. Thus the main part of the work is to prove at all loop orders the existence of the vertex functions and the restoration of the Slavnov-Taylor identities in the renormalised theory
Gabriel, Franck. "Champs d'holonomies et matrices aléatoires : symétries de tressage et de permutation." Thesis, Paris 6, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA066168/document.
Full textThis thesis focuses on planar Yang-Mills measures and planar Markovian holonomy fields. We consider two different questions : the study of planar Markovian holonomy fields with fixed structure group and the asymptotic study of the planar Yang-Mills measures when the dimension of the structure group grows. We define the notion of planar Markovian holonomy fields which generalizes the concept of planar Yang-Mills measures. We construct, characterize and classify the planar Markovian holonomy fields by introducing a new symmetry : the invariance under the action of braids. We show that there is a bijection between planar Markovian holonomy fields and some equivalent classes of Lévy processes. We use these results in order to characterize Markovian holonomy fields on spherical surfaces. The Markovian holonomy fields with the symmetric group as structure group can be constructed using random ramified coverings. We prove that the monodromies of these models of random ramified coverings converge as the number of sheets of the covering goes to infinity. To prove this, we develop general tools in order to study the limits of families of random matrices invariant by the symmetric group. This allows us to generalize ideas, developped by Thierry Lévy in order to study the planar Yang-Mills measure with the unitary structure group, to the setting where the structure group is the symmetric group
Egeileh, Michel. "Géométrie des champs de Higgs : compactifications et supergravité." Paris 7, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA077158.
Full textMy thesis concerns Higgs fields dynamics, in their classical geometrical and supersymmetrical aspects. In a first part which has given rise to a publication in the "Journal of Geometry and Physics", volume 57 (2007), I have started from the classical Kaluza-Klein point of view. Considering an Einstein gravitational theory on an extended spacetime, fibered with homogeneous spaces G/H over the ordinary spacetime, I defined for the reduced theory an affine space F of scalar fields; this space cornes from a subset of metrics in the fibers, it is naturally associated to the decomposition of the restriction to H of the adjoint representation of G. When restricted to F, the potential is positive and coercitive, and the couplings of the scalar fields with the reduced gravity as well as with Yang-Mills reduced theory possess all standard Higgs fields properties. It appears in this case that the potential on F is a polynomial function with degree smaller or equal to 6. This potential may give rise to new types of monopoles. The second part of the thesis concerns the study of the fields obtained by compactifying a supergravity theory, in the way of Cremmer-Julia-Scherk, Duff, or DeWit and Nicolai. In a first step, I reconsidered the formulation of supergravity theories in superspace, following Salam and Strathdee, as it is exposed in Wess and Bagger, but in arbitrary dimension; I hâve found a geometrical interpretation of the torsion constraints in supergravity: adopting the point of view of John Lott where the Lorentz group is extended, but considering the affine extension of the gauge group, these constraints express the existence of a gauge where the action on the supervielbein of superdiffeomorphisms is équivalent to the action of gauge supertranslations. In parallel, I reconsidered supersymmetric Lagrangian theory while staying systematically in the category of supermanifolds that is equivalent to that of the scheaves of Berezin and Kostant; I thus obtained new classical spinorfield equations, in the case of "super-geodesics", "super-sigma-models", and "super-Yang-Mills". This is an independent chapter of the thesis, which introduces the last part: reconsidering the scalar fields potentiels defined by DeWit and Nicolai for gauged N=8 supergravities in 4 dimensions. These theories are equivalent to seven-sphere compactifications of eleven-dimensional supergravity. From Cremmer, Julia, DeWit and Nicolai, they possess global invariance under a real exceptional E7 group and the scalar fields take their values in a homogeneous space E7(7)/ SU(8). I study the relations of this potential with the constructions of the first part applied to the group SO(8)xSO(8)
Li, Wenliang. "Aspects of Gravitational Theories : holography and modified gravity." Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015USPCC288.
Full textIn this thesis, we will investigate two aspects of gravitational theories: holographic correspondence and modified gravity theories. Holographic correspondence is a remarkable conjecture which establishes the equivalence between certain gravitational theories and certain quantum field theories. The research in the domain of modified gravity concerns the development of consistent theories of gravity that are different from the standard general relativity. The first part of this thesis is dedicated to the holographic correspondence or the gauge/gravity duality. We will present a novel formalism to study the Einstein-scalar theories from the perspective of holography. We will apply this novel formalism to holographic Yang-Mills theory. We will compute the effective action for the gluon condensate and its relative that is renormalization-roup invariant. The second part of this thesis is about modified theories of gravity. We will focus on an interesting limit of massive gravity around de Sitter space. The theory is known as partially massless gravity. We will investigate whether a non-linear extension for partially massless gravity exists
Maspfuhl, Oliver. "Théorie de jauge et variétés de Poisson." Paris 6, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA066209.
Full textJiang, Yunfeng. "Three-point functions in N=4 Super-Yang-Mills theory from integrability." Thesis, Paris 6, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA066395.
Full textThis thesis is devoted to the study of three-point functions of N=4 Super-Yang-Mills (SYM) theory in the planar limit by using integrability. N=4 SYM theory is conformal invariant at quantum level and is believed to be completely solvable. By the AdS/CFT correspondence, it is dual to the type IIB superstring theory on the curved background AdS5×S5. The three-point functions are important quantities which contain essential dynamic information of the theory.The necessary tools in integrability and the existing methods of computing three-point functions are reviewed. We compute the three-point functions in the higher rank SU(3) sector and obtain a determinant representation for one special configuration, which allows us to take the semi-classical limit. By exploring the relation between long-range interacting spin chain and inhomogeneous XXX spin chain, we develop a new approach to compute three-point functions in the SU(2) sector at one-loop and obtain a compact result. In the Frolov-Tseytlin limit, this result matches the result at strong coupling.We also explore new formulations of the three-point functions. In one formulation inspired by the light-cone string field theory, we constructed the spin vertex, which is the weak coupling counterpart of the string vertex for all sectors at tree level. Another formulation which is related to the form factor boostrap program in integrable field theory is reviewed. At weak coupling, we study the finite volume dependence of a special type of three-point functions which are related to the diagonal form factors
Petrovskii, Andrei. "Approches pour les corrélateurs à trois points en N = 4 super Yang-Mills." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016SACLS233/document.
Full textN=4 SYM theory has been drawing the attention of a lot of physicists during two last decades mainly due to the two aspects: AdS/CFT correspondence and integrability. AdS/CFT correspondence is the first precise realization of the gauge/string duality whose history starts in the 60's, when a string theory was considered as a candidate for describing the strong interactions. In 1997 Maldacena made a proposal about the duality between certain conformal field theories (CFT) and string theories defined on the product of AdS space and some compact manifold, which implies a one to one map between the observables of the gauge and string counterparts. Up to now AdS/CFT correspondence still remains a conjecture. The duality of N=4 SYM and the appropriate string counterpart is the most notable example of the AdS/CFT correspondence. One of the main obstructions to exploring it is the fact that weak coupling regime for the gauge theory is the strong coupling regime for the string theory and vice versa. Therefore as long as perturbative methods are applied, one can not compare the observables of dual counterparts directly apart from some specific cases. At this point the huge symmetry of N=4 SYM plays an important role allowing exact computation of the theory observables at least in the planar limit. This property of the theory is called integrability. The observables of the N=4 SYM are Wilson loops and correlation functions built out of gauge invariant operators. The space-time dependence of the two- and three-point correlators is fixed by the conformal symmetry up to some parameters: dimensions of the operators in the case of two-point functions and dimensions of the operators and structure constants in the case of three-point functions. It's commonly accepted to refer to the problem of finding the dimensions of the operators as the spectral problem. On the classical level the operator dimension is equal to the sum of the dimensions of the fundamental fields out of which the operator is composed. When the interaction is turned on, the conformal dimension gets quantum correction. In order to compute three-point functions, apart from the conformal dimensions of corresponding operators one needs to compute the structure constants. In CFT computation of the higher-point correlators eventually can be reduced to computation of two- and three-point functions by means of the operator product expansion. Therefore two- and three-point functions appear to be building blocks of any correlator of the theory. This thesis is devoted to computation of three-point functions and consists of two parts. In the first part we consider the general approach for computing three-point functions based on the so-called spin vertex, which is inspired from the string field theory. In the second part we consider a specific kind of three-point functions called heavy-heavy-light, which are characterized by the property that the length of one of the operators is much smaller the lengthes of other two. It happens that this kind of correlators can be considered as diagonal form factors which supposes that in this case one can apply the results obtained in the form factor theory
Koukiou, Flora. "Problèmes mathématiques liés à la mécanique statistique des systèmes non-périodiques : solutions classiques des équations de Yang-Mills." Paris 11, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA112361.
Full textFournel, Cedric. "Théories de jauge et connexions généralisées sur les algébroïdes de Lie transitifs." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013AIXM4036/document.
Full textTransitive Lie algebroids are usually studied from the point of view of the geometry of Poisson. Here, they are preferentially defined in terms of sections of fiber bundle in order to get close to the formalism of the gauge field theory. Then, transitive Lie algebroids can be seen as a generalization of vector fields on the base manifold. This PhD thesis is concerned with the study of generalized connections on transitive Lie algebroids and the construction of gauge theories. Ordinary connections on transitive Lie algebroids are defined as the subset of 1-forms on Lie algebroids with values in its kernel which fulfill a normalization constraint on this kernel. By relaxing this constraint, we build the space of generalized connection 1- forms. Using a background connection, we show that any generalized connections can be decomposed as the sum of an ordinary connection and a purely algebraic parameter defined on the kernel. As in Yang-Mills theories, we define a gauge invariant functional action as the “norm” of the curvature associated to a generalized connection. Then, the Lagrangian associated to this action forms a Yang-Mills-Higgs type model composed with the field strength associated to gauge fields and a minimal coupling with a tensorial scalar field embedded into a quartic potential. In the case of Atiyah Lie algebroids, the symmetry group of the theory can be reduced by using an appropriate rearrangement of the degrees of freedom in the functional space of fields. We thus obtain a Yang-Mills type theory describing massive vector bosons
Lacquaniti, Valentino. "La dynamique des champs et des particules dans un scenario pentadimensionnel : problèmes et perspectives de la théorie Kaluza-Klein." Chambéry, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009CHAMS004.
Full textIn this work a revised study of the compactified 50 Kaluza-Klein ( KK ) model is performed. At first, it is proved the compatibility of ADM slicing with respect to the KK reduction and the Hamiltonian formulation of the model is therefore obtained : this analysis envisages how the Gauss constraint arises as a particular case of supermomenta constraints; moreover, it is shown that the hamiltonian constraint can be solved with respect to the conjugate momentum of the metric scalar field, thus allowing to write a Schroedinger-like equation via a Brown-Kuchar approach. Thereafter the problem of matter coupling is addressed and a new approach is proposed; in such a scheme a 5D cylindrical energy-momentum tensor is postulated and the dynamics of test particle is faced via a proper localization hypothesis by mean of a multi pole expansion a lá Papapetrou. The particles turns out to be delocalized into the extra dimension and the tower of huge massive modes is removed. Such a result allows us to deal consistently with matter without discarding the compactification hypothesis. Therefore a full model, involving metric fields and matter is formulated, where an extra scalar source term appears and the rest mass of particles is varying depending on scalar fields ( the metric one plus the source one ). Promising scenarios, in order to deal with unification scheme and dark matter models are outlined
Martin, Alexis. "Formalisme du twist et applications pour la supersymétrie de Poincaré." Paris 6, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA066335.
Full textFreyhult, Lisa. "Aspects of Yang-Mills Theory : Solitons, Dualities and Spin Chains." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala : Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis : Univ.-bibl. [distributör], 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-4498.
Full textKanning, Nils. "On the integrable structure of super Yang-Mills scattering amplitudes." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Fakultät, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/17663.
Full textThe maximally supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory in four-dimensional Minkowski space is an exceptional model of mathematical physics. Even more so in the planar limit, where the theory is believed to be integrable. In particular, the tree-level scattering amplitudes were shown to be invariant under the Yangian of the superconformal algebra psu(2,2|4). This infinite-dimensional symmetry is a hallmark of integrability. In this dissertation we explore connections between these amplitudes and integrable models. Our aim is to lay foundations for an efficient integrability-based computation of amplitudes. To this end, we characterize Yangian invariants within the quantum inverse scattering method, which is an extensive toolbox for integrable spin chains. Making use of this setup, we develop methods for the construction of Yangian invariants. We show that the algebraic Bethe ansatz can be specialized to yield Yangian invariants for u(2). Our approach also allows to interpret these Yangian invariants as partition functions of vertex models. What is more, we establish a unitary Graßmannian matrix model for the construction of u(p,q|m) Yangian invariants with oscillator representations. In a special case our formula reduces to the Brezin-Gross-Witten model. We apply an integral transformation due to Bargmann to our unitary Graßmannian matrix model, which turns the oscillators into spinor helicity-like variables. Thereby we are led to a refined version of the Graßmannian integral formula for certain amplitudes. The most decisive differences are that we work in Minkowski signature and that the integration contour is fixed to be a unitary group manifold. We compare Yangian invariants defined by our integral to amplitudes and recently introduced deformations thereof.
Bossard, Guillaume. "Des théories quantiques de champ topologiques aux théories de jauge supersymétriques." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00191113.
Full textLa seconde série propose une méthode pour renormaliser les théories supersymétriques de Yang-Mills en l'absence de schéma de régularisation préservant à la fois l'invariance de jauge et la supersymétrie. La prescription de renormalisation est obtenue en définissant deux opérateurs de Slavnov-Taylor compatibles respectivement pour l'invariance de jauge et la supersymétrie. La construction de ces derniers nécessite l'introduction de champs additionnels que nous avons appelés les champs d'ombre. Nous avons ainsi été en mesure de démontrer la renormalisabilité des théories de Yang-Mills supersymétriques et l'annulation de la fonction beta dans le cas de la supersymétrie maximale.
Après une brève introduction, le second chapitre propose une revue de la théorie de Yang-Mills de type cohomologique en huit dimensions. Le chapitre suivant examine les réductions dimensionnelles en sept et six dimensions de cette théorie. Le dernier chapitre propose quand à lui des résultats indépendants, sur une interprétation géométrique des champs d'ombre, ainsi que des travaux non publiés sur la gravité topologique en quatre dimensions, des considérations sur la symétrie superconforme et enfin la solution des contraintes dans le super-espace twisté.
Meidinger, David. "Integrability in weakly coupled super Yang-Mills theory: form factors, on-shell methods and Q-operators." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/19241.
Full textThis thesis investigates weakly coupled N = 4 super Yang-Mills theory, aiming at a better understanding of various quantities as states of the integrable model underlying the planar theory. We use the BCFW recursion relations to develop on-shell diagrams for form factors of the chiral stress-tensor multiplet, and investigate their properties. The diagrams allow to derive a Graßmannian integral for these form factors. We devise the contour of this integral for NMHV form factors, and use this knowledge to relate the integral to a twistor string formulation. Based on these methods, we show that both form factors of the chiral stress-tensor multiplet as well as on-shell functions with insertions of arbitrary operators are eigenstates of integrable transfer matrices. These identities can be seen as symmetries generalizing the Yangian invariance of amplitude on-shell functions. In addition, a part of these Yangian symmetries are unbroken. We furthermore consider nonplanar on-shell functions and prove that they exhibit a partial Yangian invariance. We also derive identities with transfer matrices, and show that on-shell diagrams on cylinders can be understood as intertwiners. To make progress towards the calculation of the higher loop eigenstates of the integrable model, we consider single trace operators, for which the Quantum Spectral Curve determines their spectrum non-perturbatively. This formulation however carries no information about the states. The QSC is an algebraic Q-system, for which an operatorial form in terms of Baxter Q-operators should exist. To initiate the development such a formulation we investigate the Q-operators of non-compact super spin chains and devise efficient methods to evaluate their matrix elements. This allows to obtain the entire Q-system in terms of matrices for each magnon sector. These can be used as input data for perturbative calculations using the QSC in operatorial form.
Engquist, Johan. "Dualities, Symmetries and Unbroken Phases in String Theory : Probing the Composite Nature of the String." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala : Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis : Univ.-bibl. [distributör], 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-5902.
Full textFeverati, Giovanni. "Systèmes intégrables quantiques. Méthodes quantitatives en biologie." Habilitation à diriger des recherches, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00557526.
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