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Journal articles on the topic 'Yaoundé (Cameroon)'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 February 2022

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1

Maderspacher, Alois. "The National Archives of Cameroon in Yaoundé and Buea." History in Africa 36 (2009): 453–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/hia.2010.0009.

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Even in learned journals on African and imperial history, few references have been made to the records contained in the archives in Cameroon, West Africa. Kamerun was a German colony (Schutzgebiet) from 1884-1916/19. In 1911, the Germans took over New Cameroon (Neu Kamerun), 295,000 km2 of land of French Equatorial Africa, ceded during the second Morocco Crisis. After World War I this transaction was reversed and the German colony was separated into French and British League of Nations Mandates in 1919. These mandates were transformed into United Nations Trusteeships in 1946. Finally, French Cameroun became independent in 1960, and after a plebiscite in 1961, one part of the British Cameroons joined Nigeria and the other part reunited with the formerly French part, now the independent Federal Republic of Cameroon.Due to the involvement of three colonial powers in Cameroon, the national archives in Yaoundé and Buea are an excellent source for the colonial history of West Africa, allowing for a simultaneous analysis of German, French, and British files. Whereas the colonial files in the European archives mainly give us the point of view of high politics, the archives in Cameroon offer a different dimension. The files reveal the intricacies of the colonial system on the ground, and the problems with which the colonial administrator had to cope in the bush: How did one introduce European legal tender in a territory never touched by Europeans before? How did one cope with the colonial rivals, who were couching at the frontiers to take over the territory? How did one attempt to win peoples' hearts and minds day in and day out? What happened when the new colonial power took over a territory with an already developed administration from another colonial power, as it took place in Cameroon in 1911 and 1916/19? The national archives of Cameroon contain potential answers to these questions. Hence this paper will focus on the sources that are available for the colonial period in these archives.
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2

Ngnikam, Emmanuel, Patrick Rousseaux, Emile Tanawa, and Rémy Gourdon. "Case study of Yaoundé (Cameroon)." Journal of Decision Systems 11, no. 3-4 (January 2002): 479–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.3166/jds.11.479-497.

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3

Ndi Okalla, Joseph-Marie. "The Arts of Black Africa and the Project of a Cfmstian Art." Mission Studies 12, no. 1 (1995): 277–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/157338395x00312.

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AbstractThis essay is in honour and in memory of the late Prof. Dr. Engelbert MVENG Sf. Born in Cameroon on May 9, 1930, Fr. Mveng has been found murdered in Yaoundé on April 23, 1995 before he would turn 65 years old. In the last thirty years, he was professor at the University of Yaoundé/Cameroon, Department of History. As a historian and theologian, he has enormous contributions to African culture and history, especially in the realm of cultural and religious anthropology as well as in iconology, which have won a wide acclaim. The internationally renowned artistic work of Fr. Mveng which can be found in different churches, chapels and educational centers the world over, underlines the iconographic contribution of Africa to the world and to Christianity. See, for example: Our Lady of Africa in the Basilica of the Annunciation in Nazareth/Israel; the Jesuit Hekima College in Nairobi/Kenya; Uganda Martyrs Altar at Libermann, Douala/Cameroon; Our Lady of the Yaoundé Cathedral/Cameroon; the decoration of the chapel of the Catholic University of Central Africa, Yaoundé/Cameroon ... and various centers in Africa and in the United States ... I have presented the first version of this essay on the occasion of a visit of John Paul II to Cameroon. I enclose a selected bibliography of the writings of Fr. Engelbert Mveng.
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4

Nchinda, E. C., C. T. Tagny, and D. Mbanya. "Blood donor haemovigilance in Yaoundé, Cameroon." Transfusion Medicine 22, no. 4 (May 27, 2012): 257–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3148.2012.01161.x.

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5

Essounga, Angeline Raymonde Ngo, and Frida Njiei Achu. "Urban development interventions and living conditions in the informal settlement of Yaounde." Technium Social Sciences Journal 21 (July 9, 2021): 709–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.47577/tssj.v21i1.3907.

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Since the mid-2000s, the political capital of Cameroon, Yaounde is undergoing construction with many urban development projects coordinated by the Yaounde City Council carried out in residential areas and informal settlements. These various activities as many other urban development projects have impacts on the living conditions of the inhabitants. This article focuses on the projects specifically carried out in the informal settlements, aims at analyzing the meaning and the scope of those projects in the lives of individuals and communities. Indeed, this work, is interested in the different operations of eviction, opening up and restructuring that took place in the informal settlements as well as their social consequences on the entire population of the city. It describes these different operations as public actions that are not deployed over the entire area occupied by the popular neighborhoods in Yaoundé, but only on certain slums concentrated around the central town. These results and conclusion are developed from data obtained during direct observations in the slums, from archives and from semi-structured interviews with some urban actors who participated in the implementation of urban development programs in the slums of Yaoundé.
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6

Mandengue, Christine E., Antoinette Ngandjio, and Paul J. A. Atangana. "Histoplasmosis in HIV-Infected Persons, Yaoundé, Cameroon." Emerging Infectious Diseases 21, no. 11 (November 2015): 2094–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.3201/eid2111.150278.

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7

Nkwabong, Elie, Joseph Nelson Fomulu, and Jean Ludovic Ambassa. "Stillbirths at University Teaching Hospital, Yaoundé, Cameroon." International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics 119, no. 1 (July 15, 2012): 87–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijgo.2012.05.015.

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8

Tebeu, Pierre Marie, Gisele Kengne Fosso, Robinson Enow Mbu, Inoussa Nsangou, Luc Kouam, and Joseph Nelson Fomulu. "Placenta previa at University Hospital, Yaoundé, Cameroon." International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics 120, no. 3 (December 7, 2012): 286–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijgo.2012.10.013.

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9

Tebeu, Pierre Marie, Larissa Yogang Fezeu, Michel Roger Ekono, Gisele Kengne Fosso, Florent Fouelifack Ymele, and Joseph Nelson Fomulu. "Postpartum hemorrhage at Yaoundé University Hospital, Cameroon." International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics 121, no. 3 (March 16, 2013): 283–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijgo.2013.01.010.

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10

Yongsi H.B., Nguendo, Ntetu Lutumba A., Bryant R. Christopher, Ojuku Tiafack, and Hermann Thora M. "Uncontrolled Draining of Rainwater and Health Consequences in Yaoundé – Cameroon." Acta Universitaria 19, no. 2 (August 1, 2009): 20–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.15174/au.2009.95.

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Context: Like many sub Saharan African cities, Yaoundé is experiencing a faster growth of its population and urban perimeter. The urban population has grown from 812 000 inhabitants in 1987 to 2 100 000 inhabitants in 2006. However, this population growth has not been monitored by the city planners and decision makers. Accordingly, the city is lacking basic urban facilities. such as a good sewage system to evacuate urban waste water. Objective: This paper aims at addressing health consequences resulting from inadequate management of rainwater in Yaoundé. Material and methods: From the data gathered by us in the framework of the PERSAN programme focused on urban health, a cross sectional study has been carried out in 2002 and 2006 across the city. Based on socio-environmental and medical surveys, the study covered neighborhoods and 3 034 households in Yaoundé. Results: It comes out that that the present urban draining network is outdated and ineffective. This has led to increasing fl oods in several sectors of the city, with health hazards. It has been noted that many diarrheal diseases in Yaoundé are related to the poor sanitation resulting from urban waste coupled with standing waters. Conclusion: We are of the opinion that to solve this problem, there is urgent need to set up a new town-planning mechanism which takes into account the city’s demographic and space dynamics.
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11

Saidou, Ibrahima. "Soil Constraints to Urban Agriculture in Valley Beds of Yaoundé (Cameroon)." Journal of Environmental Science and Allied Research 2, no. 1 (June 5, 2019): 77–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.29199/2637-7063/esar-201036.

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12

Saidou, Ibrahima. "Soil Constraints to Urban Agriculture in Valley Beds of Yaoundé (Cameroon)." Journal of Environmental Science and Allied Research 02, no. 02 (June 5, 2019): 28–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.29199/2637-7063/esar-202023.

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13

Amin, Julius A. "Cameroon's relations toward Nigeria: a foreign policy of pragmatism." Journal of Modern African Studies 58, no. 1 (February 20, 2020): 1–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022278x19000545.

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AbstractExisting literature argues that the tactics of Cameroon foreign policy have been conservative, weak and timid. This study refutes that perspective. Based on extensive and previously unused primary sources obtained from Cameroon's Ministry of External Relations and from the nation's archives in Buea and Yaoundé, this study argues that Cameroon's foreign policy was neither timid nor makeshift. Its strategy was one of pragmatism. By examining the nation's policy toward Nigeria in the reunification of Cameroon, the Nigerian civil war, the Bakassi Peninsula crisis and Boko Haram, the study maintains that, while the nation's policy was cautious, its leaders focused on the objectives and as a result scored major victories. The study concludes by suggesting that President Paul Biya invokes the same skills he used in foreign policy to address the ongoing Anglophone problem, a problem that threatens to unravel much of what the country has accomplished.
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14

Ndumbe, P. M., and T. K. Njie. "Hepatitis A and B infections in yaoundé, Cameroon." Research in Virology 140 (January 1989): 253–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0923-2516(89)80102-5.

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15

Tebeu, Pierre Marie, Patrick Esame Ndive, William Takang Ako, Paul Theodore Tjek Biyaga, Joseph Nelson Fomulu, and Anderson Sama Doh. "Emergency obstetric hysterectomy at University Hospital, Yaoundé, Cameroon." International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics 120, no. 1 (September 30, 2012): 91–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijgo.2012.07.013.

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16

Brummett, Randall E., James Gockowski, Jeshma Bakwowi, and Angoni Desiré Etaba. "Analysis of aquaculture investments in periurban Yaoundé, Cameroon." Aquaculture Economics & Management 8, no. 5-6 (January 2004): 319–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13657300409380373.

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17

Ndzotom Mbakop, Antoine Willy. "Language choice in multilingual religious settings." Pragmatics and Society 7, no. 3 (September 12, 2016): 413–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ps.7.3.04ndz.

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This paper investigates the impact of the historical factor on language choice in Protestant Churches in Cameroon. It is based on the postulate that religious languages are more stable than their secular counterparts, not only in their forms, but also in their variety. Therefore, it was hypothesized that the first language group to come in contact with the mother mission society of a religious variety is likely to remain the major group in the church, and its language, the liturgical language. To verify this hypothesis, the researcher analysed language use in three Protestant parishes located in the Yaoundé metropolis: the Oyom-Abang parishes of the Eglise Evangélique du Cameroun and Eglise Presbytérienne Camerounaise, and the Yaoundé-Melen-Philadelphie parish of the Eglise Protestante Africaine. The data were collected via participant observation and informal interviews. Their analysis revealed that the use of indigenous languages for key parts of a church service in the three parishes selected was usually associated with the place where the Church was founded, which is the area where its mother mission society first settled in the country. In that vein, the following languages were reported: Bamileke at EEC Oyom-Abang, Basaa at EPC Oyom-Abang, and Ngumba (Kwasio) at EPA Yaoundé-Melen-Philadelphie.
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18

Djuikoue, Ingrid Cecile, Omer Njajou, Hortense Gonsu Kamga, Charles Fokunang, Adamo Bongoe, Ela Ondo Bruno, Paulin Tadjoung, Abdou Aziz Linjouom, Caroline Kakam, and Jeanne Ngogang. "Prevalence of CTX-M beta-Lactamases in Escherichia coli from community-acquired urinary tract infections and associated risk factors among women in Cameroon." Journal of Epidemiological Research 3, no. 1 (January 19, 2017): 51. http://dx.doi.org/10.5430/jer.v3n1p51.

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Background: In recent years, a worldwide dissemination of CTX-M beta-lactamase-type in Escherichia coli strains isolates from community-acquired urinary tract infections (CA-UTI) has been observed. However little is known on the prevalence and risk factors of this global threat in developing countries. Objective: The aim of this study was to study the prevalence and risk factors for CA-UTI in Yaoundé, Cameroon. Methods: Eighty six patients with urinary E.coli infection recruited from 10 health structures in the town of Yaoundé, Cameroon. After taking the first urine, faeces were collected from the patients for the study of the intestinal flora. The sample collection of faeces was done on a selected gel of enterobacteria resistant to third generation of cephalosporin. The molecular typing of extended-spectrum -lactamase (ESBL) was carried out. Results: Eighty-six strains of E. coli from 86 patients were included. We found that 39 (45.3%) strains produced an extendedspectrum beta-lactamase. Among risk factors, previous use of antibiotic and the dry season were associated with the presence of an ESBL-producing strain in the urine. All ESBL were identified as CTX-M. The production of CTX-M was found to be significantly associated with resistance to fluoroquinolones, aminoglycosides and to the association of trimethoprim-sulfamethazole. Conclusions: The prevalence of CTX-M ESBL in Yaoundé, Cameroon, provides new evidence on the global dissemination of CTX-M and the extent of this phenomenon in developing countries.
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19

Joel, Sotamenou, Molua L. Ernest, and Akamin Ajapnwa. "Application of Analytic Hierarchy Process Decision Model for Solid Waste Management Strategy in Yaoundé, Cameroon." Journal of Solid Waste Technology and Management 45, no. 4 (November 1, 2019): 502–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.5276/jswtm/2019.502.

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Municipal solid waste management is one of the global challenges that the world is facing today as countries make strides towards the Millennium Development Goals. The aim of this paper is to identify the most appropriate municipal solid waste management strategy in Yaoundé. The tool used in this study is the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), one of the multi-criteria decision-making techniques. Based on the synthesis of the decision/policy makers' judgements elicited, the Sustainable Development and Waste Service Quality criteria are identified as the priority objectives that should be applied for the municipal solid waste management strategy in Yaoundé, meanwhile the alternatives Pre-collection and Selective Collection are suitable actions to be integrated into the current municipal solid waste management strategy in Yaoundé.
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20

Pütz, Martin. "Exploring the linguistic landscape of Cameroon: Reflections on language policy and ideology." Russian Journal of Linguistics 24, no. 2 (December 15, 2020): 294–324. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2687-0088-2020-24-2-294-324.

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This contribution focuses on the study of Linguistic Landscapes in the Central/Western African state of Cameroon, with particular reference to its capital, Yaoundé. Linguistic landscapes is a relatively recent area of research, and can be broadly defined as the visual representation of languages in public space. This paper will show that the field of linguistic landscapes can act as a reflection of linguistic hierarchies, ideologies and acts of resistance in multilingual and multicultural communities. At the same time, the sociolinguistic situation in the country will be investigated, which is paramount to understanding the linguistic and ideological conflicts between the anglophone minority and the francophone government. Cameroon’s linguistic landscape will be explored via the various spaces that English, French, Pidgin English, Camfranglais and, to a minor degree, indigenous African languages occupy in its sociolinguistic composition. The methodological design is quantitative in nature, involving collecting more than 600 linguistic tokens (digital photos) in various public places mainly in and around the Cameroonian capital of Yaoundé. It will be demonstrated that the deployment of languages on signs and linguistic tokens, apart from serving informative and symbolic functions for the audiences or passers-by they target, also has social and political implications in an ethnically heterogeneous and linguistically hybrid society such as Cameroon. Whereas in some other former British colonies there are indications that the public space is being symbolically constructed in order to preserve some of Africa’s indigenous languages (e.g. in Botswana, Rwanda, Tanzania), in Cameroon the linguistic landscape almost exclusively focuses on the dominant status and role of one single language, i.e. French, and to a lesser extent English, whose speakers therefore feel marginalized and oppressed by the French government.
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Taheu, Christian Ngounouh, Christelle Diane Tchumtchoua Meliedje, Gilbert Gauthier Bong Bong, Julienne Louise Ngo Likeng, Fabrice Mbakop Ghomsi, Abel Fils Nkoth, Philippe Salomon Nguwoh, Philippe Salomon Nguwoh, and Joseph Fokam. "Intestinal Parasites Infestation among People Living with HIV under Antiretroviral Therapy in Peri-urban Area of Yaoundé, Cameroon." European Journal of Medical and Health Sciences 3, no. 4 (July 20, 2021): 59–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.24018/ejmed.2021.3.4.929.

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Introduction: Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) targets the body's defense system and leads to a decrease in CD4 T-cells in lymphoid tissues associated with intestinal mucosa, leading to an imbalance in the gastrointestinal tract. This study was performed to determine the intestinal parasites infestation among people living with HIV (PLHIV) in peri-urban area in Yaoundé, Cameroon. Methods: A retro-prospective, prospective, and descriptive study was carried out from January-March 2017 to the Care Unit of the Nkolondom II Catholic Medical Center in Yaoundé on 96 PLHIV after providing informed consent. On each stool sample collected, intestinal parasites testing was performed by using direct examination with physiological saline and Lugol's iodine, Ritchie's technique (formol/ether, 10%) and by Ziehl-Neelsen staining. Statistical analysis was performed by using SPSS version 17 software, with all P <0.05 considered statistically significant. Results: A total of 52.08% (50/96) were infested with various parasites: Cryptosporidium parvum (72.88%), Cyclospora cayetanensis (10.17%), Entamoeba histolytica (8.47%), Entamoeba coli (5.08%), Ascaris lumbricoїdes (1.70%) and Giardia lamblia (1.70%). Parasite’s prevalence was more observed in women (74.00%; 37/50) compared with men (26.00% [13/50]). Depending on immunity, immuno-compromised patients (CD4 count ≤500 cells/mm3) were more infested (82.00%; 41/50) versus (vs) 18.00% (9/50), OR: 1.60 (95%CI: 0.60-4.60). Conclusion: Intestinal parasites infestation is reported to be high among people under ART in Cameroon's Yaoundé locality, with Cryptosporidium parvum being the predominant circulating species in this locality.
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Tchuifon Tchuifon, Donald Raoul, Hui-Zhen Fu, and Yuh-Shan Ho. "Cameroon publications in the Science Citation Index Expanded: Bibliometric analysis." Revista de Biología Tropical 65, no. 4 (September 19, 2017): 1582. http://dx.doi.org/10.15517/rbt.v65i4.27101.

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Cameroon is one of the six countries of Central Africa with more than 20 000 000 residents. To characterize the Cameroon research performance, Cameroonians publications in the Science Citation Index Expanded during the period of 1936-2015, indexed in the Thomson Reuters SCI-EXPANDED database, were studied in this work. All documents of that period with Cameroon in the address field were included in the study. The document type, language, trend and collaborations were analyzed, as well as the output of different subject categories. Performances of countries, institutions and authors, including total, single, collaborative, first author, and corresponding author publications were also analyzed. Articles were analyzed by the scientific output and research performances of individuals, institutions and collaborative countries with Cameroon. Analyses included 8 457 articles (85 % of 10 591 Cameroonian publications). These bibliometric analyses of Cameroonian publications provided interesting insights concerning authors, institutions and collaboration patterns. Results showed that research in Cameroon was highly dependent on foreign collaborations, and the international collaboration was responsible for the increasing number of publications over the years. It was found that the articles with either first authors or corresponding authors from outside Cameroon got more citations than the others, and that the articles without any international collaboration had lower citations. The number of articles indexed by SCI-EXPANDED has seen an increase in terms of Cameroonian articles that is considerably greater that the increase in number of all articles in SCI-EXPANDED. Articles were more frequent than other types of publication and they were mostly in English. The University of Yaoundé I ranked top one in inter-institutionally collaborative articles, the rank of the total inter-institutionally collaborative articles, and the rank of first author articles and corresponding author articles. The University of Yaoundé I also was in an absolute leading position from 1970s to 2015, followed far away by the other institutions. The categories of tropical medicine, plant sciences, environmental and occupational public health, and infectious diseases, represented the largest number of published articles. Even though physics and chemistry dominated the ranking of the top 20 best Cameroonian authors, an independent mathematics article was the most cited, with 60 citations in 2015 to a Cameroonian author. The top three productive researchers were T. C. Kofane, B. T. Ngadjui, P. Woafo, all from University of Yaoundé I. France and the USA dominated the ranking of countries with strong scientific collaboration with Cameroon.
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Yotebieng, Kelly A., Jennifer L. Syvertsen, and Paschal Kum Awah. "Cessation Clauses, Uncertain Futures and Wellbeing among Rwandan Urban Refugees in Cameroon." Journal of Refugee Studies 32, no. 3 (July 16, 2018): 436–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jrs/fey037.

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AbstractOver half of the world’s displaced persons live in urban areas of developing countries. As they settle into countries with already strained health services, urban refugees face a unique set of challenges related to accessing social and mental health services. Humanitarian policy can inadvertently exacerbate these problems. This article discusses the intersection of humanitarian policy and physical and mental wellbeing among the Rwandan urban-refugee community facing uncertain futures in Yaoundé, Cameroon, as the result of a Cessation Clause. This analysis drew from participant observation, focus groups and unstructured interviews with 30 Rwandan refugee households in Yaoundé, Cameroon, over 11 months in May–August 2016, May–August 2017 and February–June 2018. The theme of uncertain futures stemming from humanitarian policy changes as a source of anxiety about the future organically emerged from the Rwandan research participants. Our analysis highlights the need to review the impacts that global humanitarian policies have on refugees’ wellbeing and the ways in which it can erode hope.
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Fouépé Takounjou, Alain, Gloria Takem Eyong, Dorice Kuitcha, Robert Kringel, Wilson Fantong Yetoh, Josephine Ndjama, and Alex Tejiobou. "Hydrogeochemistry and groundwater flow mechanisms in shallow aquifer in Yaoundé, Cameroon." Water Supply 20, no. 4 (April 1, 2020): 1334–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/ws.2020.050.

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Abstract Hydrogeochemical processes and flow mechanisms of groundwater in the urban area of Yaoundé were investigated using major chemical constituents, stable isotopes (18O and 2H), and multivariate statistical analysis. Thirty five groundwater samples were collected and analysed for various parameters. Hydrogeochemical evolution visualized with the Gibbs diagram showed that the groundwater is mainly controlled by water–rock interactions. Factor analysis on the other hand identified three major groups of geochemical constituents and showed that weathering and anthropogenic inputs are the dominant factors controlling groundwater chemistry in the study area. Isotopic analyses revealed that oxygen-18 of groundwater (18O = −2.96 ‰ VSMOW) is close to that of rainfall (18O = −2.47), indicating that the groundwater is recharged by rainwater without evaporation. The geogenic composition of urban groundwater in Yaoundé is modified by secondary processes and anthropogenic input.
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Fouedjio, Jeanne Hortence, Fouelifack Y. Florent, Robinson E. Mbu, and Nana P. Njotang. "Encephalocele: A Case Report at Yaoundé Central Hospital, Cameroon." Donald School Journal of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology 10, no. 4 (2016): 413–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10009-1494.

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ABSTRACT An encephalocele is characterized by congenital herniation of the brain tissue and/or meninges through a skull defect. The underlying cause is complex and not fully understood. The exact worldwide frequency is not known. Microcephaly with the presence of neural elements in the encephalocele is associated with poor prognosis. We report a case of a second twin premature baby born at 31 weeks gestation by cesarean section with an occipital encephalocele and died after 48 hours. How to cite this article Hortence FJ, Florent FY, Njotang NP, Mbu RE. Encephalocele: A Case Report at Yaoundé Central Hospital, Cameroon. Donald School J Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2016;10(4):413-414.
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LYDIÉ, N., N. J. ROBINSON, B. FERRY, E. AKAM, M. DE LOENZIEN, L. ZEKENG, and S. ABEGA. "ADOLESCENT SEXUALITY AND THE HIV EPIDEMIC IN YAOUNDÉ, CAMEROON." Journal of Biosocial Science 36, no. 5 (August 13, 2004): 597–616. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s002193200300631x.

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Adolescents are the focus of many interventions that aim to prevent HIV transmission. In order for these interventions to be effective, it is essential to understand adolescents' sexual behaviour. Using data collected in Yaoundé, Cameroon, in 1997, the study analysed risk exposure and HIV prevalence among 426 men and 510 women aged 15–24. Although risky behaviours seem to be more prevalent among young men, their HIV prevalence remains under 1%. In contrast, HIV prevalence is high among young women (7·5%), even those who report having had few sexual partners. Mixing patterns among sexual partners, and especially the age difference between men and women, do not seem to be sufficient to explain the large male–female discrepancy in HIV prevalence that is evident in these data. The results are therefore probably due to a greater susceptibility to infection of young women than men. This study highlights the necessity of reinforcing prevention campaigns among youth and fighting the obstacles that continue to impede the use of condoms in this population.
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Tene, Larissa, Claude T. Tagny, Annick Mintya-Ndoumba, Victor N. Fossi, and Dora Mbanya. "Haemostatic trends in HIV-infected individuals in Yaoundé, Cameroon." Blood Coagulation & Fibrinolysis 25, no. 5 (July 2014): 422–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/mbc.0000000000000066.

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28

Nana, Cyrille. "Seminar-workshop in mathematics, yaoundé, cameroon, December 10–15,2001." Mathematical Intelligencer 25, no. 3 (June 2003): 29–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02984845.

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29

Abega Ngono, Jean Marie, Célestin Chameni Nembua, and Moses Abit Ofeh. "Financing Enterprises to Boost Employment in Cameroon." International Journal of Economics and Finance 11, no. 10 (September 25, 2019): 77. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ijef.v11n10p77.

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Cameroon has 93969 different enterprises (NIS, 2010) operating in varied fields aimed at fostering economic growth. The enterprises confront challenges such as infrastructural weaknesses, unfavorable business climate and poor governance (World Bank, 2013), thus leading to disappointing results in terms of economic growth. Such a situation has attracted much attention from businessmen and policy-makers alike as to what to do in order to reverse the situation for favorable job creation and economic growth. The paper aims at examining the impact of external financing to enterprises in order to offer employment in Cameroon. Econometrically analyzing a sample of 180 loan recipients and 273 non-loan recipients, using the decomposition technique of Blinder-Oaxaca (1973), results show that enterprises that received external funding were more performing and creating jobs than those that did not, especially those operating in Yaoundé and Douala. A positive gap of total number of employees existed between loan and non-loan recipients estimated at 15 employees per enterprise. Also, such loans received positively amplify the actions of productive factors in Yaoundé and Douala considering the number of establishments and businesses. Equally, there exist a difference due to observable characteristics of enterprises and their coefficients, contributing 181.1 and 140.12% respectively for loan and non-loan recipients. We therefore recommend that the state, financial institutions and enterprises should work in synergy to collectively improve on enterprise financing so as to boost employment in Cameroon that can lead to economic growth.
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Edderai, David, and Mireille Dame. "A census of the commercial bushmeat market in Yaoundé, Cameroon." Oryx 40, no. 4 (October 2006): 472–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0030605306001256.

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Bushmeat is a major food and economic resource in sub-Saharan Africa, and with increasing urbanization bushmeat consumption has spread from villages to cities. To facilitate long-term monitoring of the bushmeat market in Yaoundé, Cameroon, we carried out a baseline survey of the transportation routes of bushmeat into the city and of urban bushmeat sales. We inventoried all bushmeat sales points, and located 15 markets and 145 restaurants and cafeterias selling an estimated total of 1,052 bushmeat dishes per day. This trade provides an occupation for 249 people, of whom 84.3% are women. Trains from Ngaoundere in the north and minibuses from the east supply more than 70% of the sales points in the Elig-Edzoa market, located next to the railway, and the Nkoldongo bus station. From these two places bushmeat is redistributed to other commercial sites within the city. The routes into Yaoundé transport bushmeat from a vast area of the country and in particular from the savannah and central provinces, which are rich in wildlife and contain National Parks and safari hunting areas. However, overall, bushmeat consumption at commercial outlets in the city is low relative to the number of inhabitants.
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Abanda, F. H., M. B. Manjia, C. Pettang, Joseph H. M. Tah, and G. E. Nkeng. "Building Information Modelling in Cameroon." International Journal of 3-D Information Modeling 3, no. 4 (October 2014): 1–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ij3dim.2014100101.

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BIM has recently gained ground in developed countries. However, the use of BIM in developing countries including Cameroon is not well-known. In this study, BIM implementation in Cameroon is explored. The research methods used are a pilot study, electronic email surveys and in-depth phone interviews. Altogether, 179 professionals having at least a Master's Degree in Civil Engineering from the National Advanced School of Engineering Yaoundé I - Cameroon, a leading engineering institution in Francophone Africa, were sampled. Forty six provided feedback yielding a response rate of 25.7%. It emerged that some BIM software are already being used in Cameroon. However, major barriers hindering BIM uptake are high license fee and lack of huge projects that can pay off the cost of investment in BIM. Perhaps, partly because the respondents were highly skilled, it emerged that the lack of expertise was/is not a major problem to use BIM in projects. Although this study is limited to Cameroon, many recommendations could be relevant to other African countries.
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Moussima Yaka, Diane Armelle, Ange Alex Tiemeni, Bertrand Zing Zing, Thérèse Line Laure Jokam Nenkam, Amina Aboubakar, Aline Beatrice Nzeket, Brice Hermann Fokouong Tcholong, and Yvette Clarisse Mfopou Mewouo. "Qualité physico-chimique et bactériologique des eaux souterraines et risques sanitaires dans quelques quartiers de Yaoundé VII, Cameroun." International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences 14, no. 5 (September 14, 2020): 1902–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ijbcs.v14i5.32.

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Au Cameroun, l’accès aux systèmes d’alimentation en eau potable en milieu urbain apparaît sélectif. Les populations des quartiers situés en périphérie ont recours aux puits et sources pour assouvir leurs besoins. La présente étude a pour objectif d’évaluer la qualité physico-chimique et bactériologique des eaux souterraines couramment utilisées dans quelques quartiers de l’arrondissement de Yaoundé VII. 24 échantillons d’eaux prélevés dans 6 sources (S1 à S6) et 2 puits (W1 et W2) ont été analysés suivant des méthodes normalisées. Les températures relevées, proches de celle de l’air, révèlent le caractère libre des nappes étudiées. Celles-ci subiraient l’influence directe des eaux d’infiltration. Les stations S1, W1 et W2 présentent des valeurs en nitrates supérieures à 50 mg/l (norme OMS). La consommation de leurs eaux expose la population jeune à la méthémoglobinémie. Contrairement aux recommandations de la norme camerounaise, les indicateurs de pollution fécale et les bactéries du genre Salmonella, ont été isolées dans les eaux analysées. Une analyse en composante principale ainsi qu’un dendrogramme ont permis de classer les points d’échantillonnage, selon l’ordre croissant de pollution organique suivant : {S6}, (S3, S4, S5), (S1, S2), {W1}, {W2}. Cependant, du point de vue pathogénique, S6, S3, S4, S5 sont les plus à craindre.Mots clés : Qualité des eaux, puits, sources, Yaoundé, risques sanitaires. English Title: Physico-chemical and bacteriological quality of groundwater and health risks in some districts of Yaoundé VII, CameroonIn Cameroon, access to drinking water supply systems in urban areas appears to be selective. The populations located in the peripheral zone use wells and springs to satisfy their needs. This study aims to assess the physico-chemical and bacteriological quality of the groundwater commonly used in some districts of Yaoundé VII. 24 water samples taken from 6 sources (S1 to S6) and 2 wells (W1 and W2) were analyzed according to standardized methods. The temperatures recorded, close to that of the air, reveal the free nature of the aquifers studied which are directly influenced by the infiltration waters. Samples points S1, W1 and W2 presented concentration of nitrate above 50 mg/l (WHO standard). The consumption of their waters exposes young people to methemoglobinemia. On contrary to the recommendations of the cameroonian standard, the indicators of faecal pollution and bacteria of the genus Salmonella, were isolated in the waters analyzed. A principal component analysis as well as a dendrogram permit to classify the sampling points, according to the following increasing order of organic pollution: {S6}, (S3, S4, S5), (S1, S2), {W1}, {W2}. However, from a pathogenic point of view, S6, S3, S4, S5, are the most to be feared.Keywords: Water quality, Dug wells, spring, Yaoundé, sanitary risks.
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Koulla-Shiro, Sinata, Josephine Mbuagbaw, Christopher Kuaban, and Alexandre Kouda Zeh. "Etiology and outcome of adult bacterial meningitis in Yaoundé, Cameroon." International Journal of Infectious Diseases 2, no. 1 (July 1997): 9–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1201-9712(97)90003-5.

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Sobngwi-Tambekou, Joëlle, Junaid Bhatti, Guy Kounga, Louis-Rachid Salmi, and Emmanuel Lagarde. "Road traffic crashes on the Yaoundé–Douala road section, Cameroon." Accident Analysis & Prevention 42, no. 2 (March 2010): 422–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aap.2009.09.003.

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Yebga, Solange Ngo. "Initiatives locales de la société civile en santé reproductive au Cameroun: Étude de cas des associations en milieu urbain." Regions and Cohesion 2, no. 1 (March 1, 2012): 25–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/reco.2012.020102.

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The notion of civil society became popular and generalized in Africa during the 1990s, through the initiatives of international bodies like the World Bank and agencies for international development. In Cameroon, the economic recession caused by the deterioration of exchange rates and falling prices of agricultural raw materials (coffee, cocoa, and co on) has favored the emergence of these actors alongside the state in managing and improving the living conditions of those urban populations. In the field of reproductive health, civil society, through associations, is pursuing public orientation through services of education, promotion, and diffusion. Observing the Association for the Struggle against Violence against Women (ALFV in French) ALFV and Women, Health, and Development in Sub-Saharan Africa (FESADE in French) shows how a health policy is operationalized via endogenous initiatives. This research, which is mainly empirical, was conducted between 2006 and 2009 with institutional health managers and managers of associative structures in Yaoundé and throughout Cameroon. Spanish la noción de sociedad civil se populariza y vulgariza en África hacia los años 90 bajo la iniciativa de instancias internacionales como el Banco Mundial y las agencias de desarrollo. En Camerún, la recesión económica debida a la caída de las tasas de cambio y a la baja en las materias primas agrícolas (café, cacao, algodón) favoreció la emergencia de dicha sociedad paralelamente al Estado en la gestión y mejoramiento de las condiciones de vida de las poblaciones urbanas. Por ejemplo, en el campo de la salud reproductiva, la sociedad civil, en la forma de asociaciones, lleva a cabo acciones públicas a través de los servicios de educación, promoción y difusión. La observación de los ejemplos de la Asociación para la Lucha contra la Violencia contra la Mujer (ALVF en francés) y de Mujer, Salud y Desarrollo en el África subsahariana (FESADE en francés) permite ver cómo se operativiza una política de salud a través de iniciativas endógenas. Esta investigación esencialmente empírica fue desarrollada entre 2006 y 2009 con los responsables institucionales de salud y con los responsables de las estructuras asociativas de Yaoundé y Camerún. French La notion de société civile se popularise et se vulgarise en Afrique vers les années 90 à l'initiative d'instances internationales comme la Banque mondiale et des agences d'aide au développement. Au Cameroun, la récession économique due à la détérioration des termes de l'échange et à la chute des prix des matières premières agricoles (café, cacao, coton) a favorisé l'émergence de cet intervenant aux côtés de l'Etat dans la gestion et l'amélioration des conditions de vie des populations urbaines. Dans le domaine de la santé reproductive, la société civile, sous la forme d'associations par exemple, poursuit les orientations publiques à travers des services d'éducation, de promotion et de diffusion. En observant les exemples de l'ALVF et de la FESADE, nous étudions comment s'opérationnalise une politique de santé à travers des initiatives endogènes. Ce e recherche, essentiellement empirique, a été menée entre 2006 et 2009 auprès de responsables institutionnels de santé et de responsables des structures associatives à Yaoundé et dans d'autres villes du Cameroun.
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Tatah, Peter, and Michaela Pelican. "Migration to the Gulf States and China: Local Perspectives from Cameroon." African Diaspora 2, no. 2 (2009): 229–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/187254509x12477244375210.

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Abstract This contribution discusses local perspectives on international migration with a focus on South-South and South-East migration, namely from Cameroon to the Gulf States and to China. The report is based on a joint research project involving anthropologists and students of the Universities of Zurich, Yaoundé and Douala. As in many African countries, international migration has become a major concern for large parts of the population of Cameroon. While western countries still feature as preferred destinations, many Cameroonians have turned to other, more easily accessible options within the South. Popular destinations are countries within Africa as well as the Near and Far East. In all these migration enterprises the family plays a crucial role, both in the preparation of the journey and with regard to transnational exchange relations. For Muslim migrants, religion may be a significant factor influencing their choice of destination besides other considerations, such as economic and educational incentives. Cette contribution examine les perspectives locales sur la migration internationale avec un accent sur la migration Sud-Sud et sur la migration Sud-Est, à savoir du Cameroun aux Etats du Golfe et à la Chine. Le rapport est basé sur un projet de recherche impliquant des anthropologues et des étudiants des universités de Zurich, Yaoundé et Douala. Comme dans beaucoup de pays africains, la migration internationale est devenue un souci majeur pour la majeure partie de la population camerounaise. Tandis que les pays occidentaux figurent toujours comme les destinations préférées, beaucoup de Camerounais se tournent vers des pays plus accessibles dans le Sud. Les destinations populaires sont les pays africains et l'Extrême et Proche Orient. Dans toutes ces stratégies de migration la famille joue un rôle crucial, tant dans la préparation du voyage qu'en ce qui concerne les relations d'échange transnationales. Pour les migrants musulmans, la religion peut être un facteur significatif influençant le choix de la destination en plus d'autres considérations, comme des motivations économiques et éducatives.
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Patouma, Lewa, Elias Nchiwan Nukenine, Ibrahima Adamou, and Champlain Djieto-Lordon. "Caractérisation de l’entomofaune de la tomate (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill) en champ dans la localité de Meskine, région de l’Extrême-nord, Cameroun." International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences 14, no. 6 (October 6, 2020): 2069–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ijbcs.v14i6.11.

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La localité de Meskine à Maroua, longtemps considérée comme une zone céréalière de l’Extrême-nord du Cameroun, est devenue, de nos jours, une région de production de tomate par excellence. Les producteurs de cette culture font face à plusieurs contraintes parmi lesquelles les activités des insectes ravageurs. Dans le but de contribuer à l’amélioration de la production de cette culture, la présente étude a permis d’établir une liste des insectes ravageurs et utiles pullulant dans les champs de tomate. Les insectes, collectés par aspiration et par fauchage, ont été identifiés dans les laboratoires de Zoologie appliquée des universités de Ngaoundéré et Yaoundé I au Cameroun. L’inventaire a montré que les insectes inféodés à la culture de la tomate dans la localité de Meskine à Maroua sont représentés par huit (8) ordres, vingt-une (21) familles et vingt-deux (22) genres. Ces insectes. Bien que la majorité de ces insectes soit des ravageurs, on note la présence de quelques prédateurs et pollinisateurs. La détermination de l’entomofaune de la culture de tomate dans cette localité est un outil qui peut ainsi servir à la conception de stratégies de lutte contre les ravageurs. Mots clés: Lycopersicon esculentum, insectes ravageurs, insectes prédateurs, Maroua. English Title: Entomofauna associated to the tomato crops (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill) in the locality of Meskine, Far North region, Cameroon Meskine in the Far North region, Cameroon has long been considered as cereal zone production. This locality has become today a region of tomato production per excellence. Farmers in this locality are faced to many constrains among which activities of insect pests. In order to improve the production of this crop, the present study allows us to establish a list of potential insect pests and benefit insects of tomato crops. Insects collected using aspirator and sweep net were identified in the laboratories of applied Zoology at the Universities of Ngaoundéré and Yaoundé I, Cameroon. The results of our study showed that, insects associated to tomatoes in the locality of Meskine were from eight (8) orders, twenty-one (21) families and twenty-two (22) genera. Although the majority of these insects were represented by potential insect pests, some predators and pollinators were recorded. The establishment of the lists of harmful and benefits insects associated to the tomato crop in this locality can therefore be used to design strategies for the management of insect pests.Keywords: Lycopersicon esculentum, insect pests, predator insects, Maroua
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Djiappi-Tchamen, Borel, Mariette Stella Nana-Ndjangwo, Konstantinos Mavridis, Abdou Talipouo, Elysée Nchoutpouen, Idene Makoudjou, Roland Bamou, et al. "Analyses of Insecticide Resistance Genes in Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus Mosquito Populations from Cameroon." Genes 12, no. 6 (May 28, 2021): 828. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes12060828.

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The emergence of insecticide resistance in Aedes mosquitoes could pose major challenges for arboviral-borne disease control. In this paper, insecticide susceptibility level and resistance mechanisms were assessed in Aedes aegypti (Linnaeus, 1762) and Aedes albopictus (Skuse, 1894) from urban settings of Cameroon. The F1 progeny of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus collected in Douala, Yaoundé and Dschang from August to December 2020 was tested using WHO tube assays with four insecticides: deltamethrin 0.05%, permethrin 0.75%, DDT 4% and bendiocarb 0.1%. TaqMan, qPCR and RT-qPCR assays were used to detect kdr mutations and the expression profiles of eight detoxification genes. Aedes aegypti mosquitoes from Douala were found to be resistant to DDT, permethrin and deltamethrin. Three kdr mutations, F1534C, V1016G and V1016I were detected in Aedes aegypti populations from Douala and Dschang. The kdr allele F1534C was predominant (90%) in Aedes aegypti and was detected for the first time in Aedes albopictus (2.08%). P450s genes, Cyp9J28 (2.23–7.03 folds), Cyp9M6 (1.49–2.59 folds), Cyp9J32 (1.29–3.75 folds) and GSTD4 (1.34–55.3 folds) were found overexpressed in the Douala and Yaoundé Aedes aegypti populations. The emergence of insecticide resistance in Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus calls for alternative strategies towards the control and prevention of arboviral vector-borne diseases in Cameroon.
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Lemenkova, Polina. "Sentinel-2 for High Resolution Mapping of Slope-Based Vegetation Indices Using Machine Learning By SAGA GIS." Transylvanian Review of Systematical and Ecological Research 22, no. 3 (December 1, 2020): 17–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/trser-2020-0015.

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Abstract Vegetation of Cameroon includes a variety of landscape types with high biodiversity. Ecological monitoring of Yaoundé requires visualization of vegetation types in context of climate change. Vegetation Indices (VIs) derived from Sentinel-2 multispectral satellite image were analyzed in SAGA GIS to separate wetland biomes, as well as savannah and tropical rainforests. The methodology includes computing 6 VIs: NDVI, DVI, SAVI, RVI, TTVI, CTVI. The VIs shown correlation of data with vegetation distribution rising from wetlands, grassland, savanna, and shrub land towards tropical rainforests, increasing values along with canopy greenness, while also being inversely proportional to soils, urban spaces and Sanaga River. The study contributed to the environmental studies of Cameroon and demonstration of the satellite image processing.
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Ajeagah, Gideon, Margaret Wouafo, Guy Ezenguele, and Jean Nzukam. "Presence of Gastrointestinal Parasites in a Tropical Urban Region (Yaoundé, Cameroon)." Comparative Parasitology 80, no. 2 (July 2013): 279–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1654/4607.1.

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Basco, Leonardo K., and Pascal Ringwald. "pfmdr1 Gene mutation and clinical response to chloroquine in Yaoundé, Cameroon." Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 91, no. 2 (March 1997): 210–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0035-9203(97)90227-3.

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Djiappi-Tchamen, Borel, Mariette Stella Nana-Ndjangwo, Timoléon Tchuinkam, Idene Makoudjou, Elysée Nchoutpouen, Edmond Kopya, Abdou Talipouo, et al. "Aedes Mosquito Distribution along a Transect from Rural to Urban Settings in Yaoundé, Cameroon." Insects 12, no. 9 (September 12, 2021): 819. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects12090819.

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Introduction: The surveillance of mosquito vectors is important for the control of arboviruses diseases worldwide. Detailed information on the bionomics and distribution of their main vectors, Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus, is essential for assessing disease transmission risk and for better planning of control interventions. Methods: Entomological surveys were carried out from November 2019 to November 2020 in six localities of Yaoundé city following a transect from urban to rural settings: two urban (Obili, Mvan), two peri-urban (Simbock, Ahala) and two rural areas (Lendom, Elig-essomballa)—during rainy and dry seasons. All water containers were inspected. Aedes mosquito abundance, species distribution and seasonal distribution patterns were compared using generalized linear models. Stegomyia indexes were estimated to determine the risk of arbovirus transmission. Results: A total of 6332 mosquitoes larvae were collected (2342 in urban areas, 1694 in peri-urban areas and 2296 in rural sites). Aedes species recorded included Ae. albopictus, Ae. aegytpi, Ae. simpsoni and Aedes spp. High mosquito abundance was registered in the rainy season (4706) compared to the dry season (1626) (p < 0.0001). Ae. albopictus was the most abundant Aedes species in urban (96.89%) and peri-urban (95.09%) sites whereas Ae. aegypti was more prevalent in rural sites (68.56%) (p < 0.0001). Both species were found together in 71 larval habitats. Ae. albopictus was mostly found in discarded tires (42.51%), whereas Ae. aegypti was more prevalent in plastic containers used for storing water (65.87%). The majority of Aedes mosquitoes’ breeding places were situated close to human dwellings (0–10 m). Conclusion: Uncontrolled urbanization seems to greatly favour the presence of Aedes mosquito species around human dwellings in Yaoundé. Controlling Aedes mosquito distribution is becoming urgent to reduce the risk of arbovirus outbreaks in the city of Yaoundé.
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GIRIBET, GONZALO, and CARLOS E. PRIETO. "A new Afrotropical Ogovea (Opiliones, Cyphophthalmi) from Cameroon, with a discussion on the taxonomic characters in the family Ogoveidae." Zootaxa 329, no. 1 (October 15, 2003): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.329.1.1.

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A new species of the genus Ogovea is described and illustrated, Ogovea cameroonensis n. sp. from Yaoundé. This species considerably enlarges the distribution range of the family Ogoveidae towards the Northeast. The new species, only known from its type locality in Cameroon, is the first described cyphophthalmid for that country. A new diagnosis for the family Ogoveidae is provided and a putative relationship of Ogovea with the South American genus Huitaca is rejected.
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Awah, Paschal Kum, and Peter Phillimore. "Diabetes, Medicine and Modernity in Cameroon." Africa 78, no. 4 (November 2008): 475–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/e0001972008000405.

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This article examines popular understandings of diabetes, and conflicts and ambiguities in the management of diabetes care, in two areas of Cameroon. Conducted over a two-year period, comparative ethnography in Yaoundé and Bafut started in four diabetes clinics (two in each place). From there it extended outwards, first to the homes of patients with diabetes, and then on to a number of indigenous healers consulted by patients or their families. We explore here the tension between clinic-based demands for patients' ‘compliance’ with treatment guidelines, including repeated strictures against resorting to ‘traditional’ medicine, and patients' own willingness to alternate between biomedicine and indigenous practitioners, a process in which they subject the claims of both to a kind of pragmatic evaluation. The continuing importance of indigenous healing practices, and explanations for diabetes in terms of ancestral intervention or witchcraft, are considered in the light of recent anthropological debate about the ‘modernity of witchcraft’ in Africa.
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Tchatchouang, Serges, Ariane Nzouankeu, Sebastien Kenmoe, Laure Ngando, Veronique Penlap, Marie-Christine Fonkoua, Eric-Walter Pefura-Yone, and Richard Njouom. "Bacterial Aetiologies of Lower Respiratory Tract Infections among Adults in Yaoundé, Cameroon." BioMed Research International 2019 (April 17, 2019): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/4834396.

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Lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs) remain a challenge in African healthcare settings and only few data are available on their aetiology in Cameroon. The purpose of this study was to access the bacterial cause of LRTIs in patients in Cameroon by two methods.Methods. Participants with LRTIs were enrolled in the referral centre for respiratory diseases in Yaoundé city and its surroundings. To detect bacteria, specimens were tested by conventional bacterial culture and a commercial reverse-transcriptase real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay. One hundred forty-one adult patients with LRTIs were enrolled in the study. Among the participants, 46.8% were positive for at least one bacterium.Streptococcus pneumoniaeandHaemophilus influenzaewere the most detected bacteria with 14.2% (20/141) followed byKlebsiella pneumoniae, 9.2% (13/141),Staphylococcus aureus, 7.1% (10/141), andMoraxella catarrhalis, 4.3% (6/141). Bacterial coinfection accounted for 23% (14/61) withHaemophilus influenzaebeing implicated in 19.7% (12/61). The diagnostic performance of RT-PCR for bacteria detection (43.3%) was significantly different from that of culture (17.7%) (p< 0.001). OnlyStreptococcus pneumoniaedetection was associated with empyema by RT-PCR (p<0.001). These findings enhance understanding of bacterial aetiologies in order to improve respiratory infection management and treatment. It also highlights the need to implement molecular tools as part of the diagnosis of LRTIs.
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Boyle, Patrick M. "Parents, Private Schools, and the Politics of an Emerging Civil Society in Cameroon." Journal of Modern African Studies 34, no. 4 (December 1996): 609–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022278x00055798.

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Whilescholarly cautions are needed as regards both simplistic dichotomies and the subtle rhetoric that converts ‘civil society’ into a new sacred depository for ‘a wide range of emancipatory aspirations’,1frequently pitted against that ‘predatory species’ we call the state,2the view from Yaoundé suggests that questions about social classes are likely to be helpful in any analysis of the complex relationship between state and society in contemporary Africa.
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El-Maghraby, Akef, Amin elMaghraby, Mutasim Alireza, Daniel E. Etya'ale, William C. Felch, Tamer Makary, Henry E. Nkumbe, et al. "Magrabi ICO Cameroon Eye Institute, Yaoundé, Cameroon: Ophthalmology Subspecialty Patient Care and Training Center in Central Africa." American Journal of Ophthalmology 197 (January 2019): 98–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajo.2018.09.010.

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Mbah, Tihnje Abena, Agatha K. N. Tanya, and Julius Oben. "Nutritional status and haemoglobin levels of pregnant adolescent girls in the city of Yaoundé, Cameroon." Journal of the Cameroon Academy of Sciences 16, no. 2 (January 27, 2021): 97–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/jcas.v16i2.3.

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Recently, there has been so much attention on adolescent health issues such as adolescent pregnancy, sexually transmitted infections, and Human Immune Virus infections but adolescent pregnancy and nutrition have aroused very little interest. This cross-sectional study was carried out to evaluate the nutritional status of adolescents aged 15 to 19 years in the city of Yaoundé, Cameroon. Three referral hospitals were selected at random for the recruitment of subjects in Yaoundé. Body Mass Index (BMI), hemoglobin level, a 24-hour recall, food frequency and socio–demographic data were collected using a pretested questionnaire. Hemoglobin level and BMI were used as dependent variables to evaluate nutritional status. The data were analyzed using SPSS 17.0 (ANOVA and student (t) test) with p <0.05. Sixty-two percent (62%) of subjects had a normal BMI, 28 % were overweight, and 10% were obese. Based on ANOVA analysis, Meal frequency, diet quality and the term of pregnancy had significant effect on BMI (p = 0.003<0.05). Diet quality had a significant effect on hemoglobin levels (p = 0.003<0.05). The term of pregnancy, especially at the third trimester, significantly affected BMI due to foetus additional weight. Thus, nutritional status depends on the quantity and quality of food intake. RésuméRécemment, on a accordé tant d’attention aux problèmes de santé des adolescents tels que la grossesse chez les adolescentes, les infections sexuellement transmissibles et les infections à virus immunitaire humain, mais la grossesse et la nutrition des adolescentes ont suscité très peu d’intérêt. Cette étude transversale a été réalisée pour évaluer l’état nutritionnel des adolescents âgés de 15 à 19 ans dans la ville de Yaoundé, au Cameroun. Trois hôpitaux de référence ont été sélectionnés au hasard pour le recrutement des sujets à Yaoundé. L’indice de masse corporelle (IMC), le taux d’hémoglobine, un rappel de 24 heures, la fréquence d’alimentations et les données sociodémographiques ont été recueillis à l’aide d’un questionnaire prétesté. Les taux d’hémoglobine et l’IMC ont été utilisés comme variables dépendantes pour évaluer l’état nutritionnel. Les données ont été analysées en utilisant SPSS 17,0 (ANOVA et test de Student (t)) avec p <0,05. Soixante-deux pour cent (62%) des sujets avaient un IMC normal, 28% étaient en surpoids et 10% étaient obèses. Sur la base d’une analyse ANOVA, la fréquence des repas, la qualité du régime alimentaire et la durée de la grossesse ont eu un effet significatif sur l’IMC (p = 0,003 <0,05). La qualité de l’alimentation avait un effet significatif sur les taux d’hémoglobine (p = 0,003 <0,05). La durée de la grossesse, en particulier au troisième trimestre, a considérablement affecté l’IMC en raison du poids supplémentaire du foetus. Ainsi, l’état nutritionnel dépend de la quantité et de la qualité de l’apport alimentaire.
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49

Bamou, Roland, Nadège Sonhafouo-Chiana, Konstantinos Mavridis, Timoléon Tchuinkam, Charles S. Wondji, John Vontas, and Christophe Antonio-Nkondjio. "Status of Insecticide Resistance and Its Mechanisms in Anopheles gambiae and Anopheles coluzzii Populations from Forest Settings in South Cameroon." Genes 10, no. 10 (September 24, 2019): 741. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes10100741.

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A key factor affecting malaria vector control efforts in Cameroon is the rapid expansion of insecticide resistance in Anopheles gambiae s.l (An. gambiae) populations; however, mechanisms involved in insecticide resistance in forest mosquito populations are still not well documented yet. The present study was conducted to screen molecular mechanisms conferring insecticide resistance in An. gambiae s.l. populations from the South Cameroon forest region. WHO bioassays were conducted with F0 An. gambiae females aged three to four days from forest (Sangmelima, Nyabessan, and Mbandjock) and urban sites (Yaoundé (Bastos and Nkolondom)), against pyrethroids (permethrin 0.75% and deltamethrin 0.05%) and carbamates (bendiocarb 0.1%). Members of the An. Gambiae s.l. species complex were identified using molecular diagnostic tools. TaqMan assays were used to screen for target site mutations. The expression profiles of eight genes implicated in insecticide resistance were assessed using RT-qPCR. Cuticle hydrocarbon lipids were measured to assess their potential implication in insecticide resistance. Both An. Gambiae and An. coluzzii were detected. An. gambiae was highly prevalent in Sangmelima, Nyabessan, Mbandjock, and Nkolondom. An. coluzzii was the only species found in the Yaoundé city center (Bastos). Low mortality rate to both pyrethroids and bendiocarb was recorded in all sites. High frequency of L1014F allele (75.32–95.82%) and low frequencies of L1014S (1.71–23.05%) and N1575Y (5.28–12.87%) were recorded. The G119S mutation (14.22–35.5%) was detected for the first time in An. gambiae populations from Cameroon. This mutation was rather absent from An. coluzzii populations. The detoxification genes Cyp6m2, Cyp9k1, Cyp6p4, Cyp6z1, as well as Cyp4g16 which catalyzes epicuticular hydrocarbon biosynthesis, were found to be overexpressed in at least one population. The total cuticular hydrocarvbon content, a proxy of cuticular resistance, did not show a pattern associated with pyrethroid resistance in these populations. The rapid emergence of multiple resistance mechanisms in An. Gambiae s.l. population from the South Cameroon forest region is of big concern and could deeply affect the sustainability of insecticide-based interventions strategies in this region.
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50

Mbanya, D. N., E. M. Minkoulou, L. Fezeu, and L. Kaptue. "Impact of HIV-1infection on survival in patients with haematological malignancies in Yaoundeé, Cameroon." Tropical Doctor 37, no. 3 (July 1, 2007): 151–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/004947507781524836.

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The impact of HIV-1 infection on the survival of patients with haematological cancers in Yaoundé, Cameroon, was examined. The prevalence of HIV-1was 26.2% among 172 patients, predominantly lymphoid malignancies. At the time of analysis, 75% of patients had died giving an incidence rate of 0.05 deaths per year and a median of survival of 15 (6-27) months. However, the hazard ratio for HIV-infected patients to die was not statistically different from that of uninfected patients (1.3, 95% confidence interval: 0.9-2.0).
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