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1

Stanley, R. D., D. L. Lee, and D. J. Whitaker. "Parasites of yellowtail rockfish, Sebastes flavidus (Ayres, 1862) (Pisces: Teleostei), from the Pacific coast of North America as potential biological tags for stock identification." Canadian Journal of Zoology 70, no. 6 (June 1, 1992): 1086–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z92-152.

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We assessed the value of parasites of yellowtail rockfish, Sebastes flavidus (Pisces: Teleostei), as biological tags on the Pacific coast of North America. Of the 25 parasite species found, only Microcotyle sebastis (Monogenea: Microcotylidae) showed a latitudinal cline. Prevalence of this flatworm increased from 0–10% in samples from central British Columbia, to 80 and 100% in the California and Oregon samples, respectively. Mean intensity also increased from north to south. The results indicate that stock assessments for yellowtail rockfish, which treat the coastal population as five stocks from central British Columbia to northern California, can assume that harvests in one area will have little short-term impact on distant areas.
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2

Macfarlane, R., and M. Bowers. "Matrotrophic viviparity in the yellowtail rockfish Sebastes flavidus." Journal of Experimental Biology 198, no. 5 (May 1, 1995): 1197–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.198.5.1197.

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A capacity for matrotrophic viviparity was established in the yellowtail rockfish Sebastes flavidus (Teleostei: Scorpaeniformes). The incorporation of radiolabel into embryos from [14C]phosphatidylcholine present in the maternal serum during gestation provided the first in vivo demonstration of matrotrophy of phospholipid for any viviparous teleost and of any nutrient for a member of the genus Sebastes. Radiolabel content increased as embryos progressed through ontogeny. Serum proteins of 170 kDa, present in vitellogenic and embryogenic females, but not in earlier stages, in immature females or in males, indicated the presence of vitellogenin in pregnant females and, thus, the potential for matrotrophic supplementation to yolk sequestered before fertilization. The retention of higher molecular mass proteins and highly phosphorylated proteins and the maintenance of total protein content in yolk during early to mid embryogenesis argue for exogenous maternal supply during gestation. As ovarian development proceeded from the oocyte through successive embryonic stages, the distribution of yolk proteins shifted from higher (67­97 kDa) to lower molecular masses (<70 kDa). The results of these experimental studies corroborate data from field investigations showing that yellowtail rockfish can matrotrophically supplement embryo nutrients obtained before fertilization. Thus, yellowtail rockfish represent a teleost species positioned within the viviparity continuum and not at its extremes.
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3

Eldridge, Maxwell B., Jeannette A. Whipple, Michael J. Bowers, Brian M. Jarvis, and Jordan Gold. "Reproductive performance of yellowtail rockfish,Sebastes flavidus." Environmental Biology of Fishes 30, no. 1-2 (January 1991): 91–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02296880.

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4

Hess, Jon E., Russell D. Vetter, and Paul Moran. "A steep genetic cline in yellowtail rockfish, Sebastes flavidus, suggests regional isolation across the Cape Mendocino faunal break." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 68, no. 1 (January 2011): 89–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f10-131.

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As with all Sebastes species, yellowtail rockfish ( S. flavidus ) produce larvae with an extended pelagic juvenile phase that can be advected in coastal currents. While dispersal potential is high, previous research on population genetic characteristics of Sebastes species indicates that apparent realized dispersal can be much lower and can exhibit complex patterns of genetic structure. We assayed 812 bp of the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene and six microsatellite loci in ∼1000 yellowtail rockfish collected from 21 sites that span the species range from southern California to southeastern Alaska. An abrupt genetic cline near Cape Mendocino, California, splits the range into a northern and southern stock, and is highly concordant between our mitochondrial (FCT = 0.32, p ≪ 0.001) and microsatellite (FCT = 0.02, p ≪ 0.001) datasets. We show that this pattern may be due to a combination of physical (oceanographic or other barriers to larval dispersal), biological (habitat differences), and historical events. This study, and both intra- and inter-specific evidence from other marine species suggests Cape Mendocino demarcates two regions experiencing divergent evolutionary trajectories, and should be considered in management strategies.
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5

Eldridge, Maxwell B., and Brian M. Jarvis. "Temporal and Spatial Variation in Fecundity of Yellowtail Rockfish." Transactions of the American Fisheries Society 124, no. 1 (January 1995): 16–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1577/1548-8659(1995)124<0016:tasvif>2.3.co;2.

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6

Hopkins, Todd E., Maxwell B. Eldridge, and Joseph J. Cech. "Metabolic costs of viviparity in yellowtail rockfish,Sebastes flavidus." Environmental Biology of Fishes 43, no. 1 (May 1995): 77–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00001819.

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7

Eldridge, M. B., E. C. Norton, B. M. Jarvis, and R. B. Macfarlane. "Energetics of early development in the viviparous yellowtail rockfish." Journal of Fish Biology 61, no. 5 (November 2002): 1122–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.2002.tb02460.x.

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8

Schaal, Sara M., and Katie E. Lotterhos. "Comparative thermal performance among four young-of-the-year temperate reef fish species." ICES Journal of Marine Science 78, no. 5 (April 19, 2021): 1684–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsab072.

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Abstract Identifying the role of temperature on species-specific performance is critical for predicting how species will respond to temperature increases expected under climate change. We compared the thermal performance of two sympatric Pacific rockfish species complexes (controls for relatedness and geographic location) that vary in larval life-history traits associated with different oceanographic regimes including temperature during early life-history stages: the BY complex (Black: Sebastes melanops, Yellowtail: S. flavidus) and the CQ complex (Copper: S. caurinus, Quillback: S. maliger). By using controlled experiments, we evaluated foraging activity, growth, and survival of young-of-the-year rockfish recruits under current and future habitat temperatures over a 14-day time period indicative of marine heatwave events expected with climate change. BY rockfish displayed a heat-intolerant behaviour by only foraging at temperatures within current habitat temperatures, whereas the CQ rockfish displayed a heat-tolerant behaviour by actively foraging at temperatures above current and future predicted temperatures for a limited time. Although growth and survival in each species significantly declined with temperature, the magnitude of the effect did not vary between species. Taken together, our results show that rockfish are capable of using different behavioural strategies to cope with warming and may be differentially impacted by future climate conditions.
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9

Leaman, B. M., and D. A. Nagtegaal. "Age Validation and Revised Natural Mortality Rate for Yellowtail Rockfish." Transactions of the American Fisheries Society 116, no. 2 (March 1987): 171–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1577/1548-8659(1987)116<171:avarnm>2.0.co;2.

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10

Olson, AM, A. Frid, JBQ dos Santos, and F. Juanes. "Trophic position scales positively with body size within but not among four species of rocky reef predators." Marine Ecology Progress Series 640 (April 23, 2020): 189–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/meps13275.

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Intra- and interspecifically, larger-bodied predators generally occupy higher trophic positions (TPs). With widespread declines in large predators, there is a need to understand their size-based trophic roles to predict ecosystem-level responses. In British Columbia, Canada, we examined size-based trophic interactions between predatory fishes—3 rockfish species (genus Sebastes) and lingcod Ophiodon elongatus—and their prey, converting predator δ15N signatures to TP and analyzing stomach contents. Intraspecifically, TP scaled positively with predator length and gape width, but the rates of change varied by species. Interspecifically, TP did not scale positively with the observed mean sizes or known maximum sizes of species. Lingcod TP was lower than that of yelloweye and quillback rockfishes, which were 51 and 37%, respectively, smaller than lingcod. Yellowtail rockfish had the smallest average size, yet their mean TP did not differ significantly from that of lingcod. Neither species differences in some morphometric traits known to influence body size-TP relationships nor phylogenetic history explained these results. Most prey consumed were <20% of the predator’s size, which might partially explain the lack of a size-based trophic hierarchy among species. Currently, large size classes of rockfishes are being lost due to fisheries and perhaps climate-driven changes. Our findings on intraspecific size-TP relationships indicate that fishery removals of large individuals may diminish trophic structures. Interspecific comparisons of TP suggest that, along with size, species remain an important factor in understanding trophic dynamics. In addition, smaller-bodied predator species may have significant ecological roles to be considered in ecosystem-based fisheries management.
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11

Lomeli, Mark J. M., Scott D. Groth, Matthew T. O. Blume, Bent Herrmann, and W. Waldo Wakefield. "The efficacy of illumination to reduce bycatch of eulachon and groundfishes before trawl capture in the eastern North Pacific ocean shrimp fishery." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 77, no. 1 (January 2020): 44–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjfas-2018-0497.

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This study examined the extent that eulachon (Thaleichthys pacificus) and groundfishes escape trawl entrainment in response to artificial illumination along an ocean shrimp (Pandalus jordani) trawl fishing line. Using a double-rigged trawler, we compared the catch efficiencies for ocean shrimp, eulachon, and groundfishes between an unilluminated trawl and a trawl illuminated with five green LEDs along its fishing line. Results showed a significant reduction in the bycatch of eulachon and yellowtail rockfish (Sebastes flavidus) in the presence of illumination. As eulachon are a species listed in the Endangered Species Act, this finding provides valuable information for fishery managers implementing recovery plans and evaluating potential fishery impacts on their recovery and conservation. For other rockfishes (Sebastes spp.) and flatfishes, however, we did not see the same effect as the illuminated trawl caught similarly or significantly more fishes than did the unilluminated trawl. Prior to this research, the extent that eulachon and groundfishes escape trawl capture in response to illumination along an ocean shrimp trawl fishing line was unclear. Our study has provided results to fill that data gap.
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12

Norton, E. C., and R. B. MacFarlane. "Lipid class composition of the viviparous yellowtail rockfish over a reproductive cycle." Journal of Fish Biology 54, no. 6 (June 1999): 1287–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.1999.tb02055.x.

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13

Carlson, H. Richard. "Restricted Year-Class Structure and Recruitment Lag within a Discrete School of Yellowtail Rockfish." Transactions of the American Fisheries Society 115, no. 3 (May 1986): 490–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1577/1548-8659(1986)115<490:rysarl>2.0.co;2.

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14

MacFarlane, R. Bruce, Elizabeth C. Norton, and Michael J. Bowers. "Lipid Dynamics in Relation to the Annual Reproductive Cycle in Yellowtail Rockfish (Sebastes flavidus)." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 50, no. 2 (February 1, 1993): 391–401. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f93-044.

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In yellowtail rockfish (Sebastes fiavidus), lipids that accumulated in mesenteries and liver during the summer and early fall upwelling were subsequently translocated to developing ovaries during late fall and winter. Tissue and serum lipids were assessed by stage of ovary maturation from fish collected monthly over six annual reproductive cycles (1985–91) from Cordell Bank, a seamount off central California. Lipids were primarily transported to ovaries prior to fertilization. Energetic lipids (triglycerides, nonesterified fatty acids) were maximal in serum during yolk accumulation stages and declined significantly during embryonic stages. Between fertilization and parturition, lipid and protein content of ovaries declined by about 21%, a value approaching the minimum for lecithotrophy (i.e. ovoviviparity). During gestation, however, serum phospholipids and calcium (vitellogenin surrogate) were significantly elevated relative to male levels, suggesting matrotrophic contributions. A reproductive mode that is primarily lecithotrophic but supplemented by maternal inputs during embryogenesis would be beneficial to viviparous fishes of the California coast. This strategy may optimize reproduction by coupling the disparate times of food abundance and gestation, yet allow for provision of nutrients late in the reproductive cycle should they be available.
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15

McGauley, K., and T. J. Mulligan. "Polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis of mitochondrial rRNA genes from yellowtail rockfish." Journal of Fish Biology 47, no. 4 (October 1995): 744–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.1995.tb01941.x.

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16

McGauley, K. "Polymerase chain reaction–restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis of mitochondrial rRNA genes from yellowtail rockfish." Journal of Fish Biology 47, no. 4 (October 1995): 744–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/jfbi.1995.0178.

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17

Kruzynski, G. M., and I. K. Birtwell. "A Predation Bioassay to Quantify the Ecological Significance of Sublethal Responses of Juvenile Chinook Salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) to the Antisapstain Fungicide TCMTB." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 51, no. 8 (August 1, 1994): 1780–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f94-180.

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The lumber protection antisapstain fungicide 2-(thiocyanomethylthio)benzothiazole (TCMTB) is leached by rainfall from treated wood awaiting shipment from outdoor lumber storage facilities. Stormwater discharges of this pesticide into estuarine reaches of the Fraser River, British Columbia, have raised concern about toxic effects on juvenile salmon rearing in this habitat. Simulated stream flow conditions were used to expose underyearling chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) to a sublethal (10 μg∙L−1) concentration of TCMTB. Equal numbers of fin-clipped control and exposed fish were subsequently transferred to a vertically stratified (fresh over seawater) 15 500-L outdoor tank where they were challenged with the combined stressors of salinity and the presence of a marine predator (yellowtail rockfish (Sebastes flavidus)). After 5 d under these simulated estuarine conditions, survivors were enumerated. Chinook salmon that had been exposed to the toxicant were consumed in preference to the control group by a factor of 5.5:1. Inasmuch as predator avoidance represents the successful integration of appropriate biochemical, physiological, and behavioural responses, the predator bioassay provides an ecologically relevant technique to determine the significance to survival of the complex multifactorial interactions of individually "sublethal" stressors.
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18

Kaplan, Isaac C., Phillip S. Levin, Merrick Burden, and Elizabeth A. Fulton. "Fishing catch shares in the face of global change: a framework for integrating cumulative impacts and single species management." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 67, no. 12 (December 2010): 1968–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f10-118.

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Any fishery management scheme, such as individual fishing quotas (IFQs) or marine protected areas, should be designed to be robust to potential shifts in the biophysical system. Here we couple possible catch scenarios under an IFQ scheme with ocean acidification impacts on shelled benthos and plankton, using an Atlantis ecosystem model for the US West Coast. IFQ harvest scenarios alone, in most cases, did not have strong impacts on the food web, beyond the direct effects on harvested species. However, when we added the impacts of ocean acidification, the abundance of commercially important groundfish such as English sole ( Pleuronectes vetulus ), arrowtooth flounder ( Atheresthes stomias ), and yellowtail rockfish ( Sebastes flavidus ) declined up to 20%–80%, owing to the loss of shelled prey items from their diet. English sole exhibited a 10-fold decline in potential catch and economic yield when confronted with strong acidification impacts on shelled benthos. Therefore, it seems prudent to complement IFQs with careful consideration of potential global change effects such as acidification. Our analysis provides an example of how new ecosystem modeling tools that evaluate cumulative impacts can be integrated with established management reference points and decision mechanisms.
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19

KRAMER, D. E., and M. D. PETERS. "Effect of pH and prefreezing treatment on the texture of yellowtail rockfish (Sebastes flavidus) as measured by the Ottawa Texture Measuring System." International Journal of Food Science & Technology 16, no. 5 (June 28, 2007): 493–504. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1981.tb01842.x.

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