Relevant bibliographies by topics / Yield way

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Yield way'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Yield way"

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Zaid, Imdad Ullah, Hidayat-ur Rahman, Sajid Khan, Sana Ullah Khan, Ghulam Ullah, Monsif ur Rehman, Rafi Ullah, and Nazeer Ahmad. "Heterotic response of three-way cross maize hybrids for grain yield and yield components." Journal of Agricultural Science and Applications 03, no. 01 (March 31, 2014): 24–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.14511/jasa.2014.030105.

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Salomaa, Kai. "Yield-languages of two-way pushdown tree automata." Information Processing Letters 58, no. 4 (May 1996): 195–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0020-0190(96)00048-8.

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Kirchmann, Holger. "Why organic farming is not the way forward." Outlook on Agriculture 48, no. 1 (February 27, 2019): 22–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0030727019831702.

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The aim of this article is to provide information about crop production data based on large-scale organic farming and to point toward major consequences. National statistics show lower organic yields than compiled in meta-analyses from farm- and plot-scale. Yields of organically cropped legumes were 20% and nonlegumes 40% lower than those of conventionally grown crops. Area estimates showed that almost two of three crops were legumes or legume mixtures in organic farming, whereas one of three crops was a legume in conventional cropping. Doubling land use for legumes in organic farming affected the type of food produced, being dominated by milk products and red meat. Over all crops, the organic yield gap was 35%. Since yields are lower under organic than conventional practices, more land is required to produce the same amount of agricultural crops. A 35% yield gap means that 50% more arable land is required. A demand for 50% more farmland imposes huge land use changes and makes one realize the wide-ranging environmental consequences that follow when converting to organic farming. In a relevant comparison between organic and conventional cropping systems, environmental consequences caused by land use change such as lost products (timber, fiber, energy, etc.) and lost ecosystem services (sequestered carbon in soil, wildlife, biodiversity, etc.) must be included. The concept of organic farming was founded on philosophical views about nature, not biological science. Natural means and methods were assumed to be superior. Verification of the reasoning and statements of the founders on why to abandon mineral fertilizers cannot be corroborated by science and is incorrect. Scientific evidence for the concept to abandon synthetic mineral fertilizers as nutrients for crops is lacking. The scientific community is obliged to follow rigorous scientific criteria—not biased views, prejudices, or beliefs.
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Dedio, W. "Performance comparison of single and three-way crosses in sunflower." Canadian Journal of Plant Science 72, no. 2 (April 1, 1992): 431–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjps92-048.

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Single and three-way crosses of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) hybrids were compared for yield and oil content by testing two groups of hybrids for 2 years. In the first group, the difference in yield and oil content between the two types was not significant, and in the second group the difference in yield was not significant. The oil content of the single crosses in the second group was 7 g kg−1 higher. The coefficient of variability for yield was similar in the two types of hybrids in both groups, indicating no difference in stability.Key words: Sunflower, Helianthus annuus L., single crosses, three-way crosses, oil content, achene yield
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Chassaigne-Ricciulli, Alberto A., Leopoldo E. Mendoza-Onofre, Leobigildo Córdova-Téllez, Aquiles Carballo-Carballo, Félix M. San Vicente-García, and Thanda Dhliwayo. "Effective Seed Yield and Flowering Synchrony of Parents of CIMMYT Three-Way-Cross Tropical Maize Hybrids." Agriculture 11, no. 2 (February 17, 2021): 161. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriculture11020161.

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Genotype, environmental temperature, and agronomic management of parents influence seed yield in three-way cross hybrid maize seed production. The objective of this research was to generate information on the seed production of six three-way cross hybrids and their progenitors, adapted to tropical lowlands. Data on days to—and duration of—flowering, distance to spike and stigmas, and seed yield of five female single crosses and five male inbred lines were recorded for different combinations of four planting densities and four sowing dates in Mexico. The effect of planting density was not significant. The male inbred line T10 was the earliest and highest seed yield and T31 the latest, occupying second place in yield. The single crosses T32/T10 and T13/T14 were the earliest and had the highest effective seed yield. At the earliest sowing date, the females were later in their flowering, accumulated fewer growing degree days (GDD), and obtained higher yields since the grain-filling period coincided with hot days and cool nights. To achieve greater floral synchronization and therefore greater production of hybrid seed, differential planting dates for parents are recommended based on information from the accumulated GDD of each parent. The three-way cross hybrids were classified according to the expected seed yield of the females and the complexity in the synchronization of flowering of their parents.
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Mielke, Paul W., and Kenneth J. Berry. "Categorical Independence Tests for Large Sparse R-Way Contingency Tables." Perceptual and Motor Skills 95, no. 2 (October 2002): 606–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pms.2002.95.2.606.

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A nonasymptotic chi-squared technique is shown to have very useful properties for the analysis of large sparse r-way contingency tables. Examples of analyses of 4 × 5, 5 × 6, 6 × 7. and two 2 × 2 × 2 sparse contingency tables provide comparisons of the nonasymptotic chi-squared technique with asymptotic chi-squared and exact chi-squared techniques. The asymptotic chi-squared analyses yield inflated probability values for the five tables. The nonasymptotic chi-squared technique yields probability values much closer to the exact probability values than the asymptotic chi-squared Technique for the five tables.
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Chuan, Zheng, Sun, Wang, Liu, Zhao, and Zhao. "A Sustainable Way of Fertilizer Recommendation Based on Yield Response and Agronomic Efficiency for Chinese Cabbage." Sustainability 11, no. 16 (August 12, 2019): 4368. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11164368.

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Chemical fertilizer plays an irreplaceable role in raising vegetable output and improving the livelihood of people in China. Chinese cabbage (Brassica chinensis L.) is one of the most common vegetables with a wide planting area. However, there are problems such as the excessive and blind application of chemical fertilizers, which bring about the increase of planting cost and the risk of environmental pollution. So, it is urgent to improve fertilization methods and improve fertilizer use efficiency, aiming to promote the sustainable development of agriculture. In this study, multi-year and multi-site experiments were retrieved from the published literature and public scientific research institutions to study a sustainable fertilizer recommendation method for Chinese cabbage based on yield response and agronomic efficiency. The results showed that the average indigenous nutrients supply of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) were 112.98, 35.03, and 213.15 kg/ha, respectively. It is suggested that these nutrients should not be neglected in the process of fertilizer recommendation. The average yield responses to N, P2O5, and K2O were 26.6, 13.9, and 16.6 t/ha, the relative yields were 0.70, 0.84, and 0.84; also, it was concluded that the agronomic efficiencies were 114.3, 108.5, and 89.4 kg/kg on average, respectively. From these datasets, the theoretical basis of recommended fertilization was established. It was found that there was a significant negative correlation between N, P, and K indigenous nutrient supply and the yield response to N, P2O5, and K2O, and a significant negative linear correlation between yield response and the relative yield of N, P2O5, and K2O. There was also a significant one-dimensional quadratic function relationship between yield response and agronomic efficiency in Chinese cabbage. Then, two years of field experiments for Chinese cabbage were conducted to verify the fertilizer recommendation. It was concluded that fertilizer recommendation for Chinese cabbage based on yield response and agronomic efficiency was a sustainable way for farmland utilization, not only economically and suitably satisfying its application on fields of different sizes, but also taking into account the indigenous nutrient supply and the interaction between N, P, and K, having shown the advantages of high efficiency, especially when the conditions such as soil testing and plant diagnosis were not sufficient.
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Schuesslbauer, Annika F., Judith Volmer, and Anja S. Göritz. "The Goal Paves the Way." Journal of Career Development 45, no. 5 (July 11, 2017): 489–503. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0894845317718348.

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To cope with a changing work world, organizations look for job applicants who rate high on career adaptability. The present study investigates whether leadership influences employees’ career adaptability. Specifically, we investigated whether inspirational motivation fosters career adaptability and whether employees’ future temporal focus mediates this impact. With a time lag of 3 months, 766 employees working in various branches answered two questionnaires. Inspirational motivation by their leaders predicted employee career adaptability, mediated by employee future temporal focus. Findings yield implications for personnel recruitment and development.
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Khan, MAI, MHR Hira, S. Rahaman, ZR Moni, MAM Hussen, T. Someya, and K. Ueno. "Way of compost application for organic farming." SAARC Journal of Agriculture 17, no. 1 (August 25, 2019): 211–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/sja.v17i1.42774.

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Application of composts is an alternative of synthetic agrochemicals for eco-friendly farming. Work is limited on the effective and economic way of compost application in Bangladesh. A study was done at the Field Science Center, Saga University, Japan with green tea waste – rice bran compost (GRC) application. Radish (Raphanus sativus L.), spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) and komatsuna (Brassica rapa var. pervidis) were used as test plants. GRC was applied at 1.0 kg m-2 by mulching on soil after seeding. It enhanced seed germination, seedling growth and improved crop yield of spinach and radish grown in a controlled condition. Among the two application methods, post-sowing mulching (PSM) reduced water loss from upper soil surface, thus enhanced seed germination and better growth compared to pre-sowing incorporation (PSI) system. This study also suggests that improper compost incorporation to soil may impair seed germination, seedling growth and likely crop yield. SAARC J. Agri., 17(1): 211-217 (2019)
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Rodina, Liudmila L., Xenia V. Azarova, Jury J. Medvedev, Dmitrij V. Semenok, and Valerij A. Nikolaev. "Novel photochemical reactions of carbocyclic diazodiketones without elimination of nitrogen – a suitable way to N-hydrazonation of C–H-bonds." Beilstein Journal of Organic Chemistry 14 (August 28, 2018): 2250–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.3762/bjoc.14.200.

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The sensitized photoexcitation of 2-diazocyclopentane-1,3-diones in the presence of THF leads to the insertion of the terminal N-atom of the diazo group into the α-С–Н bond of THF, producing the associated N-alkylhydrazones in yields of up to 63–71%. Further irradiation of hydrazones derived from furan-fused tricyclic diazocyclopentanediones culminates in the cycloelimination of furans to yield 2-N-(alkyl)hydrazone of cyclopentene-1,2,3-trione. By contrast, the direct photolysis of carbocyclic diazodiketones gives only Wolff rearrangement products with up to 90–97% yield.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Yield way"

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Leal, Joana Ferreira. "Photo-degradation of contaminants as a way of remediation of aquaculture’s water." Doctoral thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/22462.

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Doutoramento em Química
As result of an increase in fish consumption and fisheries stagnation, aquaculture is a growing and widespread activity. The increasing density in aquaculture production potentiates the appearance of pathogenic microorganisms, like bacteria, requiring a greater health control, achieved with disinfectants. In some cases, the use of antibiotics may be necessary. In this work, two chemical compounds approved for aquaculture are studied: oxytetracycline (antibiotic) and formalin (disinfectant). In addition to the intentionally introduced compounds, several others reach these water systems indirectly. As example of an indirect contaminant, decabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-209) was also included in this study. The photo-degradation under sunlight is one of the main routes of natural degradation of contaminants in surface waters and may be an economic process for treatment of contaminated waters before their reuse or discharge. However, this process is influenced by water matrix, namely the nature and concentration of organic matter and salts. Under the direct action of sunlight, BDE-209 and oxytetracycline (OTC) are rapidly degraded. However, in the presence of humic substances (HS), which are the main components of organic matter, the degradation of these two compounds is delayed. While the filter effect of light explains the delay on OTC photo-degradation, in the case of BDE-209, the hydrophobic interactions between the compound and the HS are the main reason for the delay. Salts and pH of marine aquaculture’s water favour the OTC photo-degradation relatively to deionized water. Calcium and magnesium have a strong influence on the kinetics and products of OTC photo-degradation. It should be noted that, in all saline matrices, the products resulting from OTC photo-degradation revealed no biological activity for E. coli, Aeromonas sp. and Vibrio sp., which is an advantage in what the bacterial resistance to this antibiotic is concerned. Formalin (aqueous formaldehyde) undergoes only indirect photo-degradation. Neat TiO2 and two visible light active TiO2 composites (TiO2–Tetra-phenyl porphyrin and TiO2–Graphene oxide) were tested as photo-catalysts. The combination of TiO2 with graphene oxide was the best choice for formalin degradation, under sunlight. However, the methodology proposed should be optimized in view of its application to marine aquaculture’s waters since the matrix of these waters reduces the photo-catalyst efficiency. In summary, the work carried out and disclosed herein has great application potential, especially in the aquaculture industry, but also in other water systems where these contaminants are present.
A aquacultura é uma atividade em crescente expansão em resultado do aumento do consumo de peixe e da estagnação das pescas. O aumento da densidade de produção em aquacultura potencia o aparecimento de microrganismos patogénicos, como as bactérias, obrigando a um maior controlo sanitário que é feito com desinfetantes. Em alguns casos, pode ser necessário o uso de antibióticos. Neste trabalho são estudados dois compostos químicos autorizados em aquacultura: a oxitetraciclina (antibiótico) e a formalina (desinfetante). Além dos compostos introduzidos intencionalmente, existem outros que, por via indireta, atingem estes sistemas aquáticos. Como exemplo de um contaminante indireto, o éter deca-bromodifenilo (BDE-209) foi também incluído neste estudo. A foto-degradação com luz solar é uma das principais vias de degradação natural de contaminantes em águas superficiais e pode constituir uma via económica para o tratamento de águas contaminadas antes da sua descarga ou reutilização. Contudo, este é um processo influenciado pela matriz das águas, nomeadamente pela concentração e natureza da matéria orgânica e pelos sais. Sob a ação direta da luz solar, o BDE-209 e a oxitetraciclina (OTC) são degradados rapidamente. Contudo, na presença de substâncias húmicas (HS), que são as principais componentes da matéria orgânica, a degradação de ambos é retardada. Enquanto o efeito de filtro da luz explica o atraso da foto-degradação da OTC, no caso do BDE-209, as interações hidrofóbicas entre o composto e as HS são a razão principal desse atraso. Os sais e o pH das águas de aquacultura marinha favorecem a foto-degradação da OTC relativamente à água desionizada. O cálcio e o magnésio têm uma forte influência na cinética e nos produtos de foto-degradação da OTC. Importa salientar que, em todas as matrizes salinas, os produtos resultantes da foto-degradação da OTC não revelaram atividade biológica para a E. coli, Aeromonas sp. e Vibrio sp., o que é uma vantagem no que diz respeito à resistência bacteriana a este antibiótico. A formalina (formaldeído aquoso) apenas sofre foto-degradação indireta. O TiO2 puro e dois compósitos de TiO2 ativos na zona visível (TiO2–Tetra-fenilo porfirina e TiO2–óxido de grafeno) foram testados como foto-catalisadores. A conjugação de TiO2 com óxido de grafeno revelou-se a melhor escolha para a degradação da formalina, usando luz solar. Contudo, a metodologia proposta deverá ser otimizada com vista à sua aplicação a águas de aquacultura marinha, uma vez que a matriz destas águas reduz a eficiência do foto-catalisador. Em suma, o trabalho desenvolvido e aqui apresentado tem grande potencialidade de aplicação, em particular no setor da aquacultura, mas também em outros sistemas aquáticos onde estes contaminantes estejam presentes.
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FORSBERG, SEBASTIAN, and ANTON SVENSSON. "Enabling One-Way Leases of Temperature Controlled Containers: A Heuristic Model." Thesis, KTH, Industriell ekonomi och organisation (Inst.), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-236771.

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There is an asymmetry in demand for transportation means of goods and commodities globally. One industry in which this trend is especially prominent is the pharmaceutical industry, where the European Union is by far the largest net exporter of pharmaceutical products globally, followed by Switzerland. The largest global net importer of pharmaceutical products is America, and given that many pharmaceutical products need to be transported in a cold chain, a niche within the transportation industry has grown – one that focuses primarily on transportation of high-value temperature-sensitive goods. Transportation companies working with circulating assets around the world need to determine how much capacity can be allocated to the sale of one-way trips (which may displace assets within the fleet to places in which they cannot be sold again due to the lack of business) whilst still allowing the sale of round-trip leases to continue. We conducted a case study within Company A that is a cold chain provider for air freight to provide context on how a heuristic model for capacity control should be developed, and incorporated this with learnings from theory within the fields of revenue management and fleet management together with literature in similar business settings. This resulted in a four-step model with unique planning horizons for each level, ranging from strategic perspectives for fleet balancing down to operational aspects of daily allocation and release of containers. We conclude which factors are essential for the context of the case study and showcase how a model can be constructed taking these findings into account. The thesis deals with the issue of capacity control for one-way leases. Other models have used pricing strategies to accomplish similar tasks and this is not included in the proposed model which is a limitation of this study, this is discussed and elaborated on. Furthermore, possible implications for the customer behaviour with the suggested model is discussed.
Det finns en global asymmetri i efterfrågan för transport av gods och råvaror. En industri där detta är speciellt framstående är läkemedelsindustrin – där Europa är den största exportören globalt följt av Schweiz. Den största importören av dessa produkter är Nordamerika, och givet att många läkemedelsprodukter behöver transporteras i en kylkedja har en nisch inom transportsektorn vuxit fram – en som fokuserar primärt på transport av temperaturkänsligt gods av högt värde. Transportbolag som jobbar med cirkulerande tillgångar världen över behöver bestämma hur mycket kapacitet som kan allokeras till envägsuthyrningar (vilket kan fördela flottan så att ingen efterfrågan finns för att sälja dessa igen) medan den fortsatta försäljningen av tur-och-retur-uthyrningar fortfarande tillåts. Vi utför en fallstudie inom Företag A, som tillhandahåller tjänster för kylkedjor gjorda för flygfrakt, detta för att skapa förståelse för hur en heuristisk modell för kapacitetskontroll kan utvecklas. Detta vävs samman med lärdomar från teori inom fälten intäktsoptimering och förvaltning och styrning av utrustningsflottor tillsammans med litteratur inom liknande affärskontexter. Detta resulterade i en fyrstegsmodell med unika planeringshorisonter för varje nivå. Modellen sträcker sig från strategiska beslut för balansering av flottan ner till operationella aspekter för daglig allokering och överlåtande av containrar. Vi sammanfattar vilka faktorer som är relevanta inom ramarna för fallstudien och visar hur en modell kan vara uppbyggd där dessa faktorer tas i beaktning. Avhandlingen hanterar problemet kapacitetskontroll för envägsuthyrningar. Andra modeller har använt prissättningsstrategier för att åstadkomma liknande mål och detta har inte inkluderats i den föreslagna modellen vilket är en begränsning i avhandlingen, detta diskuteras och vidareutvecklas. Möjliga implikationer på kundbeteende med den föreslagna modellen diskuteras också.
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Kapounová, Radka. "Porovnání cen ovocných dřevin zjištěných zjednodušeným a výnosovým způsobem v okrese Hodonín." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Ústav soudního inženýrství, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-232804.

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The aim of diploma thesis is comparison prices for fruit trees found yield way and prices found simplified way. Comparison wil be made with selected fruit trees lokated in different areas in the distrikt Hodonín. In the three (four) lokations will be changed the age of trees and there will be monitored effect on price. The first part of thesis defines neceessary concepts and the basic knowledge about fruit trees. In the second part there is making valuation, comparison values in differrent lokations and there is making an assessment of individual methoods.
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Fan, Jin. "Response of Reinforced Concrete Reservoir Walls Subjected to Blast Loading." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/31441.

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Recent events including deliberate terrorist attacks and accidental explosions have highlighted the need for comprehensive research in the area of structural response to blast loading. Research in this area has recently received significant attention by the civil engineering community. Reinforced Concrete (RC) water reservoir tanks are an integral part of the critical infrastructure network of urban centers and are vulnerable to blast loading. However, there is a lack of research and knowledge on the performance of RC reservoir walls under blast loading. The objective of this research study is to experimentally investigate the performance of reinforced concrete reservoir walls subjected to blast loading and to analyze the structural response. This study provides experimental test data on the performance of reinforced concrete reservoir walls under blast loading and complementary analytical predictions using the Singe-Degree-Of-Freedom (SDOF) analysis method. The reservoir walls in this study were designed according to the water volume capacity using the Portland Cement Association (PCA 1993) methodology. The design was validated using software SAP 2000. The experimental program involved the construction and simulated blast testing of two RC reservoir wall specimens with different support conditions: (1) two opposite lateral edges fixed, bottom edge pinned and top edge free; and (2) two opposite lateral edges fixed, and bottom and top edges free. The first boundary condition was intended to promote two-way bending action, while the second was dominated by one-way bending. The two specimens were each subjected to a total of six consecutive incrementally increasing blast tests. The experimental program was conducted in the shock tube testing facility that is housed in the University of Ottawa. Wall displacements, reinforcement strains, and reflected pressures and impulses were measured during testing. Analytical calculations were conducted using the equivalent SDOF method to simulate the dynamic response of the RC reservoir wall specimens under different blast loadings. Published tables, charts and coefficients contained in Biggs (1964) and UFC 3-340-02 (2008) were adopted in the equivalent SDOF calculations. The analytical results were compared against the ii experimental data. The SDOF method predicted smaller displacements than those recorded during testing. The approximate nature of the parameters and tables used in the equivalent SDOF calculations contributed to the discrepancy between the analytical and experimental results. Furthermore, assumptions regarding the support conditions and neglecting residual damage from previous blast tests contributed to the underestimation of the displacements.
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Aydin, Selahattin. "The relationship between grain yield and waxy endosperm in Sorghum bicolor (Linn.) Moench." Diss., Texas A&M University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/2256.

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In sorghum, a single recessive gene Wx conditions waxy endosperm type. While parental inbred lines and hybrids with waxy endosperm have been developed, there has been little to no adoption of these hybrids by producers, primarily because waxy hybrids consistently yield 5-10% less than non-waxy hybrids and end-use buyers will not pay for the utilization benefits. While current waxy germplasm does not yield competitively at this time, there is a question as to whether the yield reduction is due to a negative relationship between waxy per se or due to the lack of effort to develop high yielding waxy germplasm. The purpose of this study is to determine the relationship between the waxy endosperm phenotype and grain yield in sorghum. From each of two F2 breeding populations segregating for waxy endosperm, 50 inbred lines were derived, selected only for homozygosity of endosperm type. No selection for yield was practiced during the development of these lines. Approximately 25 waxy and 25 non-waxy lines were selected for further evaluation from each population. These lines and a set of testcross hybrids were evaluated in four environments. When combined across environments and populations, waxy inbred lines and hybrids yielded 17% less than non-waxy inbred lines and hybrids. However, analysis of the individual inbred lines and hybrids indicated that several waxy inbred lines were competitive in yield with the best non-waxy genotypes. The results indicate that it should be possible to develop waxy hybrids that are competitive in yield, but that this will require additional breeding efforts to identify the correct inbred lines and hybrids.
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Fakroun, Abubaker A. "The Development of a Knowledge-Based Wax Deposition, Three Yield Stresses Model and Failure Mechanisms for Re-starting Petroleum Field Pipelines. Building on Chang and Boger’s Yield Stresses Model, Bidmus and Mehrotra’s Wax Deposition and Lee et al.’s Adhesive-Cohesive Failure Concepts to better Underpin Restart Operation of Waxy Crude Oil Pipelines." Thesis, University of Bradford, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/16792.

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Twenty years ago, Chang et al. (1998) introduced the three-yield stresses concept (dynamic, static and elastic limits) to describe yielding of waxy crude oils cooled below the wax appearance temperature (WAT). At the time, the limits in rheological instruments were such that they never actually measured the elastic-limit, a key fundamental property. Using modern instruments, this research succeeds in recording for the first time the entire yielding process down to stresses of 10-7 Pa and shear rate of 10-6 min-1 as a function of temperature, cooling rate and stress loading rate using two waxy oils of different origins and wax content. A four-yield stress model is established using derivative data (dynamic fluidity and failure acceleration). In addition, calorimetry (DSC) and microscopy (CPM) helped extract WAT, the gel and pour points and link gel crystal structure and its yielding and breakage to rheological properties. The yielding stresses measured rheologically were tested in laboratory pipelines at two diameter scales, 6.5mm and 13.5mm to compare stresses in uniform and non-uniform cooling. It is demonstrated that rheological instruments can only predict gel breaking pressure when the cooling rate is low, i.e. yielding at the pipe wall. A complementary heat transfer study was performed on a section of pipe statically cooled, both experimentally and theoretically to predict the gel front-liquid oil interface that develops in industrial pipeline where gel breaking occurs. This key information together with rheological data provide the means to predict accurately restart pressures of shut gelled pipelines that have eluded previous research.
Ministry of Higher Education of the Libyan Government
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Kuhlman, Leslie Charles. "Investigation of a xenia effect for yield caused by the waxy gene in grain sorghum." Texas A&M University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/2624.

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Sorghum grain with a waxy endosperm is more digestible and has a higher feeding efficiency compared to sorghum grain with a non-waxy (or normal) endosperm. However, waxy sorghums (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) yield 10-15% less than normal sorghum and the cause of the yield reduction is unclear. The objective of this research is to determine if the yield decrease could be due to the waxy phenotype itself. The waxy phenotype is an example of a xenia effect, where the pollen not only contributes to the genotype of the resulting hybrid, but also immediately influences the phenotype of the resulting seed. Sterile hybrids under different pollination types, and different genotypes of fertile hybrids, both resulted in hybrids that produced different ratios of waxy phenotype seed. The effects on yield and 500 kernel weight were investigated in Weslaco, College Station, and Halfway, Texas over two years. Yields of sterile heterozygous waxy hybrids under waxy pollination, which produced an average 27% waxy seed over all environments, were nearly identical to homozygous nonwaxy hybrids that produced 0% waxy seed. Average 500 kernel weights for the same hybrids were not different. Grain yields for the fertile hybrid genotypes were significantlydifferent. Hybrids which produced 100% waxy seed yielded significantly less than hybrids which produced 25% waxy seed. Upon further examination, hybrids that were produced from waxy F1 endosperm seed (wxwxwx) had significantly worse stand and panicle number per plot means than did hybrids from nonwaxy F1 endosperm seed (Wxwxwx). Grain yields adjusted for panicle number showed no significant differences. The average 500 kernel weights between hybrids with different amounts of waxy phenotype grain did not significantly differ. The yield effect seen in this population was the result of waxy endosperm hybrid seed displaying significantly poorer stand establishment than nonwaxy endosperm hybrid seed. These data do not support a xenia yield effect due to the waxy gene.
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Fakroun, A., and Hadj Benkreira. "Rheology of waxy crude oils in relation to restart of gelled pipelines." Elsevier Ltd, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/17283.

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Yes
Waxy crude oils are pumped hot but upon power cut, pumping stops, the oil cools leading below the wax appearance temperature to precipitation of the wax and the formation of a gel throughout the pipe. In such a situation, what is the minimum pressure required to restart flow, not to merely deform the gel or break it? This paper provides a solution to this problem using microscopic observations under controlled cooling conditions and rheological data conducted in constant stress mode under controlled temperature and cooling conditions and restart experiments in laboratory pipelines replicating the rheometric conditions and deviations from them to inform large diameter operation in the field. Three important findings derive from the experimental data collected: (i) A fragmentation stress , rather than the static stress that precedes it, is found to be the more accurate predictor of flow re-start pressures; (ii) Waxy crude oils gels exhibit true yield stress and yielding process but also show flow on application of the slightest stress below yielding; (iii) This flow, in the elastic region, is jagged rather than continuous suggesting a consolidation process of the crystals and their agglomerates forming the gel. In the broader context of the existence of a yield stress, the data presented here show that there is such a thing as a yield stress and the concepts of a yield stress and that everything flows are not mutually exclusive.
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Pettersson, Carl Göran. "Variation in yield and protein content of malting barley : methods to monitor and ways to control /." Uppsala : Sveriges lantbruksuniversitet, Institutionen för växtproduktionsekologi, 2006. http://epsilon.slu.se/10114798.pdf.

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Engelbrecth, Stefhanus Francois. "Momentum investing : does it yield excess returns to investors and why? A study of the Johannesburg Stock Exchange." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/95667.

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Thesis (MBA)--Stellenbosch University, 2012.
The success of momentum investing has puzzled the investment society for quite some time. Numerous academics have released studies that proved the success of different momentum investing strategies, even after compensating for trading costs. According to the efficient market hypothesis investors can only realise additional returns by taking additional risks. But no real risk factors can be ascribed to momentum investing. This study investigated the success of momentum investing strategies on the Johannesburg Stock Exchange (JSE) during the period January 1997 to March 2012. Three strategies were tested, namely: return momentum, price relative to high price and the crossover ratio. These strategies were tested using different combinations of testing and holding periods and only the more liquid stocks trading on the JSE were used in the study. The study showed that the momentum investing strategies generated statically significant outperformance over the period. The momentum investing strategies were then dissected according to the three risk factors identified by the Fama and French (1992) three-factor model. None of the risk factors were able to explain the outperformance of the momentum strategies. The outperformance of the momentum strategies also showed remarkable resilience after being subjected to trading costs. The success of the three momentum investing strategies is in clear contravention of the efficient market hypothesis and adds to the growing body of evidence against the hypothesis.
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Books on the topic "Yield way"

1

Knowles, Harvey C. The dividend investor: A safe and sure way to beat the market with high-yield dividend stocks. London: Irwin Professional Publishing, 1992.

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McCarthy, J. Spring barley: The way to top yields. [Dublin]: Teagasc, 1988.

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To the tyrants never yield: A Texas Civil War sampler. Plano, Tex: Wordware Pub., Regional Division, 1992.

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Queen's Own Cameron Highlanders Regimental Association., ed. "A Cameron never can yield": A prisoner of war's escape from Germany to Gibraltar. Inverness: Queen's Own Cameron Highlanders Regimental Association, 1999.

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Pallo, George S. When flesh yields to steel: A true story about WWII. Park Hills, MO: G.S. Pallo, 1999.

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The mix & match guide to companion planting: An easy, organic way to deter pests, prevent disease, improve flavor, and increase yields in your vegetable garden. Berkeley [CA]: Ten Speed Press, 2014.

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Peterson's. Peterson's Merchandising Kit: Another Great Way to Increase Your Yield. Peterson's Guides, 1998.

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Santa Clara Valley Transportation Authority., Santa Cruz Metropolitan Transit District, and California. Dept. of the California Highway Patrol., eds. Report to the legislature: California Vehicle Code (CVC) Section 21810 : "yield-to-bus" program. [Sacramento?: California Highway Patrol, 2002.

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The Dividend Investor: A Safe and Sure Way to Beat the Market with High-Yield Dividend Stocks. Probus Pub Co, 1995.

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Young, Kevin R. To the Tyrants Never Yield: A Texas Civil War Sampler. Republic of Texas, 1991.

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Book chapters on the topic "Yield way"

1

Medrano, H., and J. Vadell. "Photosynthesis Improvement as a Way to Increase Crop Yield." In Photosynthesis: Photoreactions to Plant Productivity, 571–82. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-2708-0_25.

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Panda, Sushree Sangeeta, and Bhagabat Jena. "Yield Behaviour of Two-Way Reinforced Concrete Flyash Brick Slab." In Recent Developments in Sustainable Infrastructure, 405–14. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-4577-1_33.

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Panda, Sushree Sangeeta, Subham Ghosh, and Bhagabat Jena. "Yield Behaviour of Three Edge Simply Supported Two-Way Slab Under Concentrated Loading." In Recent Developments in Sustainable Infrastructure, 213–20. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-4577-1_17.

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Long, Lynn E., Gregory A. Lang, and Clive Kaiser. "Trends in sweet cherry production." In Sweet cherries, 1–8. Wallingford: CABI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781786398284.0001.

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Abstract This chapter focuses on the global trend of sweet cherry production. It covers the economics, crop yield, crop quality and organic production. As sweet cherry production continues to expand worldwide, each producer must decide whether to increase production (either through the renovation of old orchards or expansion into new sites), continue at a steady pace or decrease acreage and thus reduce risk but also yields. Since growing cherries is a high risk venture, the best way to proceed will depend on past successes and failures, perceived risks, the possibilities for mitigating those risks and future market potential.
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Nwaogu, Chukwudi. "Improving Food Security by Adapting and Mitigating Climate Change-Induced Crop Pest: The Novelty of Plant-Organic Sludge in Southern Nigeria." In African Handbook of Climate Change Adaptation, 1659–84. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-45106-6_135.

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AbstractClimate change is a global issue threatening food security, environmental safety, and human health in tropical and developing countries where people depend mainly on agriculture for their livelihood. Nigeria ranks among the top in the global yam production. It has the largest population in Africa and has been able to secure food for its growing population through food crops especially yam. Unfortunately, the recent increase in termites’ colonies due to climate change threatens yam yield. Besides harming man and environment, pesticides are expensive and not easily accessible to control the pests. This prompted a study which aimed at applying a biotrado-cultural approach in controlling the termites, as well as improving soil chemical properties and yam production. The study hypothesized that Chromolaena odorata and Elaeis guineensis sludge improved soil nutrient and yam yield and consequently decreased termites’ outbreak. In a randomized design experiment of five blocks and five replicates, five different treatments including unmanaged (UM), Vernonia amygdalina (VA), Chromolaena odorata (CO), Elaeis guineensis (EG) liquid sludge, and fipronil (FP) were applied in termites-infested agricultural soil. Data were collected and measured on the responses of soil chemical properties, termites, and yam yield to treatments using one-way ANOVA, regression, and multivariate analyses. The result showed that Chromolaena odorata (CO) and EG treatments were the best treatments for controlling termites and increase yam production. Termites were successfully controlled in VA and FP treatments, but the control was not commensurate with yam production. The experiment needs to be extended to other locations in the study region. It also requires an intensive and long-term investigation in order to thoroughly understand (i) the influence of climate change on the termites’ outbreak, (ii) the extent of termite damage to the crops, (iii) the impacts of climate change and variability on yam yields, (iii) the agricultural and economic benefits of the applied treatments, and (iv) the ecological and human health safety of the treatments.
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Bandaogo, A. A., B. Fofana, and S. Youl. "Fertilizer Deep Placement as One Way of Increasing Nitrogen Use Efficiency and Grain Yield in West African Irrigated Rice Systems." In Improving the Profitability, Sustainability and Efficiency of Nutrients Through Site Specific Fertilizer Recommendations in West Africa Agro-Ecosystems, 291–310. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-58792-9_17.

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Bell, Michael J., Michael L. Thompson, and Philip W. Moody. "Using Soil Tests to Evaluate Plant Availability of Potassium in Soils." In Improving Potassium Recommendations for Agricultural Crops, 191–218. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-59197-7_8.

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AbstractThe purpose of this chapter is to describe how bioavailable soil K is assessed or predicted by soil tests. Soil testing commonly refers to the collection of a sample of soil representative of a field or agronomic management unit and, by way of extraction using chemical reagents, determination of the quantity of a nutrient that can be related to plant uptake or yield. Normally only a small fraction of the total quantity of the nutrient present in the soil is extracted during the procedure, but if that amount can be correlated with actual crop uptake or overall crop productivity, then the soil test is deemed to have useful predictive power.Soil tests are routinely used to guide applications of fertilizer to soil so that crop demand for nutrients can be met effectively and economically. Here, we summarize the procedures involved in collecting a representative soil sample for K analysis, outline how that sample should be prepared for laboratory analysis, highlight the principles and mode of action of routine soil tests, and explore some common issues that may confound the correlation between a soil K test result and plant K acquisition or crop yield. Soil testing methods are discussed in the context of their relationship to the different forms of soil K and the in-soil chemical processes that may change these forms into K that can be taken up by roots.
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Thielemann, F. K., F. Brachwitz, K. Nomoto, H. Umeda, K. Iwamoto, K. Langanke, G. Martinez-Pinedo, D. J. Dean, W. R. Hix, and M. S. Strayer. "Yields from Type Ia Supernovae." In The Evolution of The Milky Way, 445–59. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-010-0938-6_43.

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Thomas, Daniel, Laura Greggio, and Ralf Bender. "Stellar Yields and Chemical Evolution." In The Evolution of The Milky Way, 541–46. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-010-0938-6_53.

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Chieffi, A., M. Limongi, and O. Straniero. "The Explosive Yields of Massive Stars." In The Evolution of The Milky Way, 417–27. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-010-0938-6_41.

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Conference papers on the topic "Yield way"

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Goh, S. H., H. C. Lee, T. Y. Lim, Fei Ting, Y. T. Ngow, J. H. Ng, F. L. Kong, et al. "A Novel Scan-Based Yield Enhancement Methodology for Faster Yield Ramp." In ISTFA 2012. ASM International, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.cp.istfa2012p0526.

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Abstract Scan chain integrity yield loss is a common concern, especially in early stage of product yield ramp. Typically, scan chain failure diagnosis can only proceed upon full silicon build and structural test. In this work, we propose a proactive methodology which enables failure debug step to be initiated as early as the onset of device fabrication, to bring forward yield learning. Scan chain cells and nets information are extracted from design data file and converted to inline optical wafer inspection care areas. In this way, the inspection recipe can be optimized for the detection of scan chain related defects. It is shown experimentally that such approach can potentially enhance general defect detection sensitivity by 50% and increase the defect hit probability on scan chain nets. Any findings serve as useful early data for process improvement feedback. Furthermore, marginal defects, which otherwise are not easily revealed using conventional approach, can also be detected to provide early warning for process drifts or variations.
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Nouri, Bijan, Kareem Noureldin, Tim Schlichting, Stefan Wilbert, Tobias Hirsch, Marion Schroedter-Homscheidt, Pascal Kuhn, et al. "A way to increase parabolic trough plant yield by roughly 2% using all sky imager derived DNI maps." In SOLARPACES 2019: International Conference on Concentrating Solar Power and Chemical Energy Systems. AIP Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0028667.

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Murthy, Rakesh, Aditya N. Das, and Dan O. Popa. "High Yield Assembly of Compliant MEMS Snap Fasteners." In ASME 2008 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2008-49232.

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Heterogeneous assembly at the microscale has recently emerged as a viable pathway to constructing 3-dimensional microrobots and other miniaturized devices. In contrast to self-assembly, this method is directed and deterministic, and is based on serial or parallel microassembly. Whereas at the meso and macro scales, automation is often undertaken after, and often benchmarked against manual assembly, we demonstrate that deterministic automation at the MEMS scale can be completed with higher yields through the use of engineered compliance and precision robotic cells. Snap fasteners have long been used as a way to exploit the inherent stability of local minima of the deformation energy caused by interference during part mating. In this paper we assume that the building blocks are 2 1/2 -dimensional, as is the case with lithographically microfabricated MEMS parts. The assembly of the snap fasteners is done using μ3, a multi-robot microassembly station with unique characteristics located at our ARRI’s Texas Microfactory lab. Experiments are performed to demonstrate that fast and reliable assemblies can be expected if the microparts and the robotic cell satisfy a so-called “High Yield Assembly Condition” (H.Y.A.C.). Important design trade-offs for assembly and performance of microsnap fasteners are discussed and experimentally evaluated.
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Zamankhan, Parsa, Shuichi Takayama, and James B. Grotberg. "Propagation of Liquid Plugs With Yield Stress in Human Airways." In ASME 2010 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2010-19426.

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The airway closure due to the capillary instability [1] occurs in lung diseases such as asthma, cystic fibrosis, or emphysema. The reopening process involves with displacement of plugs constituted from mucus, a non-Newtonian fluid with a yield stress, in the airways. In this work the steady propagation of mucus plugs in a 2D channel is studied numerically, assuming that the mucus is a Bingham fluid. The governing equations are solved by a mixed-discontinuous finite element formulation and the free surface is resolved with the method of spines. The constitutive equation for Bingham fluid is implemented through a regularized constitutive equation. According to the numerical results, the yield stress behavior of the plug modifies the plug shape, the pattern of the streamlines and the distribution of stresses in the plug domain and along the walls in a significant way. The distribution along the walls is a major factor in studying cell injuries.
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Zamankhan, Parsa, Brian Helenbrook, Shuichi Takayama, and James B. Grotberg. "Transient Motion of Liquid Plugs With Yield Stress in Human Airways." In ASME 2011 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2011-53609.

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The airway closure due to capillary instability [1] occurs in lung diseases such as asthma, cystic fibrosis, or emphysema. The reopening process involves displacement of plugs constituted from mucus, a non-Newtonian fluid with a yield stress, in the airways. In this work the transient propagation of mucus plugs in a 2D channel is studied numerically, assuming that the mucus is a Bingham fluid. The governing equations are discretized by a spectral element formulation and the free surface is resolved with an Arbitrary Lagrangian Eulerian (ALE) approach [2]. The constitutive equation for a Bingham fluid is implemented through a regularized constitutive equation. According to the numerical results, the yield stress behavior of the plug modifies the plug shape, the pattern of the streamlines and the distribution of stresses in the plug domain and along the walls in a significant way. The distribution along the walls is a major factor in studying cell injuries.
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Mahmoudi, Amir-Hossein, David J. Smith, Chris E. Truman, and Martyn J. Pavier. "Application of the Modified Deep Hole Drilling Technique (iDHD) for Measuring Near Yield Non-Axisymmetric Residual Stresses." In ASME 2009 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2009-77940.

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The modified deep hole drilling technique (iDHD) has been developed to allow near yield residual stresses to be measured and has been validated for axisymmetric residual stress fields. In the present investigation, the application of the iDHD technique was extended to non-axisymmetric stress fields. First, a finite element simulation of the iDHD technique was carried out to demonstrate its effectiveness at measuring near yield residual stress. Experimental measurements were then carried out on shrink fit specimens to investigate the performance of the technique in practice. These shrink fit specimens were assembled in such a way that either axisymmetric or non-axisymmetric stress fields could be generated. The results indicated that the iDHD technique is capable of measuring non-axisymmetric residual stresses in presence of plasticity.
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Tsivka, K., Aleksandr Popov, M. Hafez, M. Rashad, and Natalya Kovaleva. "MAIN WAYS TO OPTIMIZE THE CULTIVATED PLANT PRODUCTIVITY ON LAND LIABLE TO DEGRADATION." In Land Degradation and Desertification: Problems of Sustainable Land Management and Adaptation. LLC MAKS Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.29003/m1684.978-5-317-06490-7/96-100.

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The purpose of this publication was to describe the main ways to optimize the productive process of cultivated plants on land subject to degradation. There are three kinds of correction: physical, chemical and biological. Biological correction is new way to optimize the production process of crops, which is a set of methods of directive effect on plant biology. The key points and essence of biological correction are considered. One of the most effective and economically justified methods of biological correction of plant productivity is non-root treatment of crops by humic substances (HSs) solutions, especially those containing essential macro-and microelements. Such treatments can reduce the negative effects of projected global climate change (excessive UV-B radiation, drought, etc.) on agricultural plants. As confirmation, the results of a field experiment conducted in the arid territory of Egypt are presented. Means of biological correction, such as: Azospirillum sp., vermicompost and HSs solutions (without and with trace elements) were very effective, they increased (more than 2.5 times!) the yield of wheat grain. Thus, to obtain a consistently high crop yield on land subject to degradation, especially in changing climatic conditions, it is necessary to apply three kinds of correction: physical, chemical and biological. Both physical correction and chemical one create the necessary conditions for the growth and development of plants, and biological correction "forces" plants to show their reserve functions, contributing to an additional increase in crop yield.
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Chen, Zhiwei, Caifu Qian, Guoyi Yang, and Xiang Li. "Quantitative Analysis of Pre-Strain Effect on Mechanical Properties of the Austenitic Stainless Steel." In ASME 2014 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2014-28361.

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The test of austenitic stainless steel specimens with strain control mode of pre-strain was carried out. The range of pre-strain is 4%, 5%, 6%, 7%, 8%, 9% and 10% on austenitic stainless steel specimens, then tensile testing of these samples was done and their mechanical properties after pre-strain were gotten. The results show that the pre-strain has little effect on tensile strength, and enhances the yield strength more obviously. According to the experimental data, we get a relational expression of S30408 between the value of yield strength and pre-strain. We can obtain several expressions about different kinds of austenitic stainless steel by this way. It is convenient for designers to get the yield strength of austenitic stainless steel after pre-strain by the value of pre-strain and the above expression.
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Zhang, Tairui, Weiqiang Wang, and Aiju Li. "A Study on the Ball Indentation Test for Linear Hardening Metals." In ASME 2017 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2017-65253.

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In this work, a numerical analysis based on the linear hardening model and ball indentation test was proposed to determine the properties of materials such as austenitic stainless steels that obey linear hardening behavior. Experiments on 304 and 321 austenitic stainless steel showed that the numerical method provides yield and tensile strength values with a maximum error of less than 5% and the hardening behavior identical with uniaxial tensile tests, while the average error for yield strength was more than 30% with the empirical method. The reasons why the empirical method produces larger errors for non-power law materials were analyzed in detail. The elastic modulus calculation method was also re-investigated, and the model based on re-loading showed much bigger equivalent contact diameters and provided more accurate elastic modulus values in a simple way.
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Kennedy, Elizabeth, Pengfei Zhang, Qi Zhang, Z. J. Pei, and Donghai Wang. "Effects of Ultrasonic Vibration-Assisted Pelleting on Sugar Yield in Biofuel Manufacturing With Different Pretreatment Methods." In ASME 2013 International Manufacturing Science and Engineering Conference collocated with the 41st North American Manufacturing Research Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/msec2013-1143.

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There are many concerns taking place due to the reliability and sustainability of petroleum-based liquid transportation fuels. The importance of finding an alternative fuel source to the petroleum-based fuels is in high demand. One promising alternative is cellulosic biofuels that offer numerous benefits for the environment. However, there are some obstacles in the way of manufacturing the cellulosic biofuels at a large scale and doing so cost effectively. One obstacle is the low sugar yield of biomass in enzymatic hydrolysis, leading to low efficiency in biomass-biofuel conversion and thus high conversion costs. Pretreatment of biomass is required to achieve high sugar yield in enzymatic hydrolysis. Dilute acid pretreatment and hot water pretreatment can effectively increase the sugar yield, but they usually involve high temperature or excessive use of acid, making pretreatment one of the most costly process in cellulosic biofuel manufacturing. This study investigated effects of ultrasonic vibration-assisted pelleting on the sugar yield of biomass pretreated by the two pretreatment methods. Results showed that, for both pretreatment methods, pellets produces higher sugar yield than particles. Furthermore, at the same pretreatment temperature, the water-pretreated pellets produced higher sugar yield than acid-pretreated particles.
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Reports on the topic "Yield way"

1

Amzeri, Achmad, B. S. DARYONO, and M. SYAFII. GENOTYPE BY ENVIRONMENT AND STABILITY ANALYSES OF DRYLAND MAIZE HYBRIDS. SABRAO Journal of Breeding and Genetics, September 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.21107/amzeri.2020.2.

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The phenotypic analysis of new candidate varieties at multiple locations could provide information on the stability of their genotypes. We evaluated the stability of 11 maize hybrid candidates in five districts in East Java Province, Indonesia. Maize hybrids with high yield potential and early maturity traits derived from a diallel cross were planted in a randomized complete block design with two checks (Srikandi Kuning and BISI-2) as a single factor with four replicates. The observed traits were grain yield per hectare and harvest age. The effects of environment, genotype, and genotype × environment interaction on yield were highly significant (P < 0.01). KTM-1, KTM-2, KTM-4, KTM-5, and KTM-6 showed higher average grain yield per hectare than the checks (Srikandi Kuning = 8.49 ton ha−1 and BISI-2 = 7.32 ton ha−1) at five different locations. The average harvest age of 11 candidates was less than 100 days. KTM-4 and KTM-5 had production yields that were higher than the average yield of all genotypes in all environments (Yi > 7.78 tons ha−1) and were considered stable on the basis of three stability parameters, i.e., Finlay–Wilkinson, Eberhart–Russell, and additive main effect multiplicative interaction (AMMI). KTM-2 had the highest yield among all tested genotypes (9.33 ton ha−1) and was considered as stable on the basis of AMMI but not on the basis of Finlay–Wilkinson and Eberhart–Russell. KTM-1 performed well only in Pamekasan, whereas KTM-6 performed well only in Sampang. Thus, these two genotypes could be targeted for these specific locations.
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Benzoni, Luca, Olena Chyruk, and David Kelley. Why does the yield-curve slope predict recessions? Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.21033/wp-2018-15.

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I. A. Parshikov, Igor A. OXIDATION OF GERANYL-N-PHENYLCARBAMATE BY FUNGUS BEAUVERIA BASSIANA WITH AIM TO OBTANING OF NEW ANTI-CANCER DRUGS. Intellectual Archive, October 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.32370/iaj.2427.

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The microbial oxidation of geranyl-N-phenylcarbamate by fungus Beauveria bassiana was investigated. Oxidation of the C3 – C4 double bond of the parent molecule leads to regioselective formation of O-3,4-epoxyheranyl-N-phenylcarbamate in 30 % yield
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Pokrzywinski, Kaytee, West Bishop, Christopher Grasso, Kaitlin Volk, and Kurt Getsinger. Chemical management strategies for starry stonewort : a mesocosm study. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), September 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/42040.

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US Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) approved algaecides and herbicides are frequently utilized to manage nuisance algae and aquatic macrophytes. However, there is limited information available on the effectiveness of these products for the management of starry stonewort. Thus, the goal of this research was to discern effective chemical control products for later growth stages of starry stonewort using mesocosm studies. Eleven treatments were evaluated using various combinations of four copper-based products, endothall, diquat, and carfentrazone – all with USEPA registrations for use in aquatic sites. To assess treatment efficacy, water quality, photophysiology, biomass changes, and bulbil viability were evaluated. Nine of the eleven treatments yielded lower dissolved oxygen concentrations and higher specific conductance when compared to the control. Photophysiological response varied by condition, but seven of eleven treatments resulted in significantly lower fluorescent and maximum fluorescent yield. Five of these also exhibited significantly lower average photosynthetic yields, with combination treatments resulting in more drastic decreases. Ten of the eleven treatments had significantly less biomass compared to the control when measured via wet weight; however, only four treatments were significant when measured via dry weight. Lastly, all conditions utilizing copper-based products significantly reduced bulbil viability while non-copper products had no impact.
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Thornell, Travis, Charles Weiss, Sarah Williams, Jennifer Jefcoat, Zackery McClelland, Todd Rushing, and Robert Moser. Magnetorheological composite materials (MRCMs) for instant and adaptable structural control. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), November 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/38721.

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Magnetic responsive materials can be used in a variety of applications. For structural applications, the ability to create tunable moduli from relatively soft materials with applied electromagnetic stimuli can be advantageous for light-weight protection. This study investigated magnetorheological composite materials involving carbonyl iron particles (CIP) embedded into two different systems. The first material system was a model cementitious system of CIP and kaolinite clay dispersed in mineral oil. The magnetorheological behaviors were investigated by using parallel plates with an attached magnetic accessory to evaluate deformations up to 1 T. The yield stress of these slurries was measured by using rotational and oscillatory experiments and was found to be controllable based on CIP loading and magnetic field strength with yield stresses ranging from 10 to 104 Pa. The second material system utilized a polystyrene-butadiene rubber solvent-cast films with CIP embedded. The flexible matrix can stiffen and become rigid when an external field is applied. For CIP loadings of 8% and 17% vol %, the storage modulus response for each loading stiffened by 22% and 74%, respectively.
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Badami, Kaswan, Budi Setiadi Daryono, Achmad Amzeri, and Syaiful Khoiri. COMBINING ABILITY AND HETEROTIC STUDIES ON HYBRID MELON (Cucumis melo L.) POPULATIONS FOR FRUIT YIELD AND QUALITY TRAITS. SABRAO Journal of Breeding and Genetics, October 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.21107/amzeri.2020.3.

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In different crop plants, combining ability and heterosis are used as important diagnostic tools for assessing the performance of parental genotypes and their hybrids. This research aimed to evaluate heterotic and combining ability effects in the diallel crosses of melon (Cucumis melo L.) for yield- and quality-related traits. Seven melon (C. melo L.) genotypes were grown and crossed in a complete diallel fashion to produce F1 hybrids. During the 2019 crop season, 49 melon genotypes (7 parents + 42 F1 hybrids) were grown in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Observations were made for seven characters. Analysis of variance revealed significant (P ≤ 0.01) differences among the melon genotypes for harvest age, fruit flesh thickness, fruit total soluble solids, fruit length, and fruit diameter and merely significant differences (P ≤ 0.05) for fruit weight. Combining ability analysis revealed that mean squares due to general combining ability (GCA) were significant for fruit diameter but were nonsignificant for all other traits. However, mean squares due to specific combining ability (SCA) were significant for all traits. The parental genotypes PK-165, PK-464, and PK-669 exhibited the highest and desirable GCA effects for yield and quality traits. Hence, these genotypes could be used to generate high-yielding hybrid/open-pollinated cultivars. GCA:SCA ratios further revealed that the traits of harvest age, fruit flesh thickness, fruit total soluble solids, fruit length, and fruit weight were controlled by dominant gene action, whereas fruit diameter was managed by additive and dominant genes. The majority of the traits were controlled by nonadditive gene action, verifying that the said breeding material could be efficiently used for the production of hybrid cultivars on the basis of heterotic effects.
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Moores, Lee, Stacy Jones, Garrett George, David Henderson, and Timothy Schutt. Photo degradation kinetics of insensitive munitions constituents nitroguanidine, nitrotriazolone, and dinitroanisole in natural waters. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), September 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/41900.

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Herein the matrix effects on the kinetics of aqueous photolysis for the individual munitions constituents of IMX-101: nitroguanidine (NQ), dinitroanisole (DNAN), and nitrotriazolone (NTO) are reported along with the environmentally relevant kinetics and quantum yields. Photolysis potentially represents a major degradation pathway for these munitions in the environment and further understanding the complex matrices effects on photolytic kinetics was needed. Aqueous systems are of particular interest due to the high solubility of NQ (3,800 ppm) and NTO (16,642 ppm) compared to the traditional munitions trinitrotoluene (TNT, 100.5 ppm) and 1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine (RDX, 59.9 ppm). Environmental half-lives (and quantum yields) were found to be 0.44 days, 0.83 days, and 4.4 days for NQ, DNAN, and NTO, respectively, under natural sunlight. In laboratory experiments using nominally 300 nm bulbs in a merry-go-round style reactor in DI water the relative rate of photolysis for the three munitions constituents followed the same order NQ > DNAN > NTO, where DNAN and NTO reacted 57 and 115 times more slowly, respectively, than NQ. In the various environmentally relevant matrices tested in the laboratory experiments NQ was not significantly affected, DNAN showed a faster degradation with increasing ionic strength, and NTO showed a modest salinity and pH dependence on its rate of photolysis.
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Downard, Alicia, Stephen Semmens, and Bryant Robbins. Automated characterization of ridge-swale patterns along the Mississippi River. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), April 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/40439.

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The orientation of constructed levee embankments relative to alluvial swales is a useful measure for identifying regions susceptible to backward erosion piping (BEP). This research was conducted to create an automated, efficient process to classify patterns and orientations of swales within the Lower Mississippi Valley (LMV) to support levee risk assessments. Two machine learning algorithms are used to train the classification models: a convolutional neural network and a U-net. The resulting workflow can identify linear topographic features but is unable to reliably differentiate swales from other features, such as the levee structure and riverbanks. Further tuning of training data or manual identification of regions of interest could yield significantly better results. The workflow also provides an orientation to each linear feature to support subsequent analyses of position relative to levee alignments. While the individual models fall short of immediate applicability, the procedure provides a feasible, automated scheme to assist in swale classification and characterization within mature alluvial valley systems similar to LMV.
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Adeniran, Adedeji, Mma Amara Ekeruche, and Chukwuka Onywkwena. The Role of Social Influence in Enforcing Tax Compliance: Experimental Evidence from Nigeria. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), June 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/ictd.2021.011.

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Economic development is linked with increased state capacity including the ability to mobilise domestic tax resources. For many developing countries, high levels of informality are a major constraint in this regard. Yet, economic incentives like changing the tax rate or increasing the filling and audit rate can be ineffective in a highly informal economic structure. In this paper, we explore possible roles for behavioural interventions such as sharing information about peers’ tax behaviour to engineer higher tax compliance. Based on an artefactual field experiment among own account workers in Nigeria, we find that information interventions can play an important role in ensuring tax compliance. Specifically, targeting information around what people can directly observe can be a way to improve tax compliance. Providing information on punishment or good practices that appeal to feelings of morality yields higher tax compliance.
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Weiss, Charles, William McGinley, Bradford Songer, Madeline Kuchinski, and Frank Kuchinski. Performance of active porcelain enamel coated fibers for fiber-reinforced concrete : the performance of active porcelain enamel coatings for fiber-reinforced concrete and fiber tests at the University of Louisville. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), May 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/40683.

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A patented active porcelain enamel coating improves both the bond between the concrete and steel reinforcement as well as its corrosion resistance. A Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) program to develop a commercial method for production of porcelain-coated fibers was developed in 2015. Market potential of this technology with its steel/concrete bond improvements and corrosion protection suggests that it can compete with other fiber reinforcing systems, with improvements in performance, durability, and cost, especially as compared to smooth fibers incorporated into concrete slabs and beams. Preliminary testing in a Phase 1 SBIR investigation indicated that active ceramic coatings on small diameter wire significantly improved the bond between the wires and the concrete to the point that the wires achieved yield before pullout without affecting the strength of the wire. As part of an SBIR Phase 2 effort, the University of Louisville under contract for Ceramics, Composites and Coatings Inc., proposed an investigation to evaluate active enamel-coated steel fibers in typical concrete applications and in masonry grouts in both tension and compression. Evaluation of the effect of the incorporation of coated fibers into Ultra-High Performance Concrete (UHPC) was examined using flexural and compressive strength testing as well as through nanoindentation.
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