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Journal articles on the topic 'Yoruba language'
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1
Falola, Toyin, and Michael Oladejo Afolayan. "A Review of Isaac Oluwole Delano’s Pioneering Works on Yoruba Grammar, Orthography, Lexicography and Cultural Education." Yoruba Studies Review 4, no. 2 (December 21, 2021): 1–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.32473/ysr.v4i2.130045.
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Tis is a reproduction and an improved version of our opening chapter on Selected Works of Chief Isaac O. Delano on Yoruba Language. In it, we reintroduce the seminal works of the legendary writer and language educator, I. O. Delano. Many of these works have become obscure to the reading public due to an apparent lack of intentional publication. Delano, known for his prolific writings, wrote a few books relating to Yoruba language and grammar. Tis segment looks at four major non-fiction works of Chief Isaac O. Delano. For the most part, the segment deals with his efforts on Yoruba language, but to some extent, too, it looks at some additional non-language related writings often embedded in his works on language. For example, in Appendix I of his 1965 book, A Modern Yoruba Grammar, the author provides an array of proverbs and sayings in the language with their English equivalents. In Appendix II, Delano infused two old texts into the book, which comprise of a sermon and an essay on schooling. Clearly, Delano seems to have a penchant for dissemination of relevant cultural education in all his works. Indeed, one could say Yoruba Cultural education has always been apparently one of Delano’s passions as well as hidden agenda in writing his books, and he does so relentlessly. In what follows, we 216 Toyin Falola and Michael Oladejo Afolayan examine the four works in no particular order, although the Modern Grammar is given a relatively more detailed review and summarization. The four books are: A Modern Yoruba Grammar; Àgbékà Ọr̀ ọ̀ Yorùbá: Appropriate Words and Expressions in Yoruba; Conversation in Yoruba and English; and Atúmọ̀Èdè Yorùbá.
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F. B., Shadiat, and Florence N. A. "A Contrastive Study of the Comparative and Superlative Inflectional Morphemes of English and Yoruba Languages." International Journal of Literature, Language and Linguistics 7, no. 1 (April 12, 2024): 109–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.52589/ijlll-e7xorev2.
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This paper analyses and contrasts the comparative and superlative inflectional morphemes of the English and Yoruba Languages with the aim of identifying the morphological and syntactic structural differences, which may pose some difficulties to the Yoruba learners of English as a second language. The study adopted the Contrastive Analysis (CA) theory as its theoretical framework as well as the qualitative descriptive design with a content analysis approach, while using a textual data collection method. The study revealed that while the English language uses the inflectional markers “-er” to mark the comparatives and “-est” to mark the superlatives of adjectives and adverbs; the Yoruba language on the other hand employs lexical items “-ju…lo” as comparative marker and “-julo” for the superlative marker through partial reduplication. The paper further discovered that while the inflectional morphemes of the English language are all suffixes, the Yoruba language lends itself to both, but majorly prefixation. However, the comparative and superlative markers of both English and Yoruba languages are suffixes. In addition, the English language in its grammatical rules contains some exceptions or irregularities, which may further pose some challenges to the second language learner. The study therefore recommends that second language learners, whose first language is Yoruba, should ensure proper learning and acquisition of the correct formation and usage of all the comparative and superlative markers of the English language, in order to improve their proficiency in the language.
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Fadare, Oyesina. "A Conversation with Toyin Falola on the future of Yoruba Language." Yoruba Studies Review 4, no. 2 (December 21, 2021): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.32473/ysr.v4i2.130055.
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OF: Èdè Yorùbá ni á ̀kóko yìí tí ̀ ń lọ sí òkun ìgbàgbé, níbo ni ọr̀ ọ yìí tí w ̀ ọ wá?
TF: Hmm, ìbéèrè tó ṣe kókó tó ṣe pàtàkì tó ń kọni lóminú rèé. Lotitọ, èdè abínibí wa Yorùbá ti ń parun, àwọn oun tó sì fàá pọ̀ lọṕ ọ̀lọpọ. À ̀kọ́kọ́ ni ipò ti ède ̀ Gẹẹ̀ sí ̀ ni ́ ori ́lè e ̀de ̀ wa Nài ̀jirí yá . Ipo ̀ ̀ yíì jẹyọ lati ipa ìj ́ ọba awon ̀ Birìtìko ̀ ́ loriwa kí a to ́ ́ gba ominira a ̀ ti a ̀ won funfun tí w ̀ ọn gbe ́ ́ ìmọ̀ẹsìn wa ̀ . ́ Aẁ ọn wọnyi ̀ ́ ni wọn k ́ ọ́kọ́ gbé ẹsìn ìgba ̀ gb̀ ọ́ ati ̀ ẹ̀kọ́ mọọ̀ ́kọ mọọ̀ ́ka. Wọn ́ bẹr̀ ẹ̀ síní ma kọ́ aẁ ọn ará Yorùbá ni e ̀dè Gẹẹ̀ si ní ile ́ ́ ìwéṣugb̀ ọn a ko ́ ̀ le ̀ so wipé ́ wọn ́ ṣe eyi ̀ ́ ki e ̀dè Yorùbá le ̀ parun. Ìdi ́ ti ́ mo f sọ eyi ̀ ́ ni wipé ́ aẁ ọn ti ́ wọn gbe ́ ́ ẹsì n i ̀ gba ̀ gbo ̀ ́ yi ̀i ́ wá naá ̀ lóṣe igbi ̀ yà nju ̀ ́ lori bi ́ ́ ède ̀ Yorùbáṣe kókó di ki ́kọ si ́lẹ. ̀
Nígbà tí aẁ ọn Bìrìtìkó dé lati wa ́ ́ ma ṣe ìjọba amunisi ́ n, i ̀ ̀jọba atò ̀kerè wa ̀ ́ lẹyìn tí o ́ wo ̀ ̀ amuni ́ ṣẹrú dé opin, e ̀ ̀dè Gẹẹ̀ sì yíì ni w ́ ọn ́ f ń darí wa. Oun ti ̀ wọn ́ f ń kọ́ aẁ ọn ọmọ Yorùbá tó jẹ́ akẹẹ́ ̀kọ́ ni ́ẹ̀kọ; ò un ni w ̀ ọn ́ f ńṣe etò ̀ of̀ n, oun na ̀ á ̀ sìni wọn ́ f ṣe etò ̀ kará ̀katá . È yí tu ́ ḿ ọ̀ si ́ wipé ́ẹnikẹni to ́ ́ bá fẹ́ rí ọwọ́ mun nigba ́ ̀ naa gbọdọ le sọ e ̀dè Gẹẹ̀ si. E ́ ̀dè Gẹẹ̀ si yi rí iha pa ́ tà ̀kì yii gba nitori ́ pé ́ oun ni e ̀ ̀dè tó pa gbogbo wa pọ̀ nigba naa torí gẹǵ ẹ́ bi ́ gbogbo wá ṣe mọ, ori ̀ ́ṣiri ́ṣi ati ̀ ọp̀ ọ̀lọpọ̀ e ̀dè abinibi ́ ́ ni ó wà ni orílẹ̀ e ̀dè Nài ̀jirí yá . ̀ Ati igba ̀ yi ni e ̀ ̀dè Gẹẹ̀ si ti j ́ ẹ gàba lori a ́ won e ̀ ̀dè abínibí wa.
Ohun mirá n to ̀ ́ ń mú ìparun bá èdè Yorùbá ni aẁ ọn ìjọba wa. Lẹyìn tí a ́ gba ominira, e ̀ ̀dè yíì ṣi wà pẹ̀lu wa títí di oní. Ipo ̀ ̀ gíga tí ó wà nọni o ́ ́ṣì wa. ̀ Òun ni èdè ìdarí ìjọba, oun ni e ̀ ̀dè of̀ n wa. Kó dà iwe of̀ n tó ga jùlo ní ilu wa e ̀dè Gẹẹ̀ si ni w ́ ọn ́ f kọ. Ni toot ́ ọ, o ma ṣoro fu ̀ n ìj ́ ọba apap ̀ ọ̀ láti mú èdè kan ṣoṣo ninú ́ oríṣiríṣi ede to n be ni ilu wa, eyi lo faa ti èdè Geesi ti ko je ti eya kankan f jẹ aaỳ ò ̀ wọn. Ṣugb̀ ọn a ́ ẁ ọn adari ́ ni ́ ipi ̀ nl ́ ẹ̀ tó jẹ́ ti Yorùbá 1 . Tis essay was originally published in Gbe ́legb́ ọ́ a Yoruba weekly magazine issue of March 23-29, 2020. 322 Oyesina Fadare lèṣe aẁ ọn nǹkan tó le mú agbega ba ̀ ́ èdè Yorùbá. Bi ́ owe a ̀ ẁ ọn baba wa, ti ́ọr̀ ọ̀ bá kan òke ̀ tó kan ilẹ, ò ́ ni ́ ibi ̀kan à ń gbe si. Á ẁ ọn olorí ́ ilẹ̀ Yorùbá gbọ́dọ̀ mọ̀ pé àì fun li ́ ́lo èdè Yorùbá ni ́ ipò ti ́ yanranti ́ ninú ́ i ̀ṣèjọbà kò jẹ́ kí ó wun ará ìlú lati ma ́ a lo. Ede G ́ ẹẹ̀ si ti di e ́ ̀de ̀ apà pà ndodo fun a ̀ ̀ṣeyọrí ni ́ ori ́le ̀ e ̀dè wa.
Yat̀ọ sí íj ̀ ọba, aẁ ọn òbi naá ni ̀ nn ́ ̀kan ṣe pẹ̀lúọr̀ ọ tò wa ́ nil ̀ ẹ yi. Aẁ ọn òbí ayé òde oni ̀ ́ kìí sọ èdè Yorùbá si awọn ọmọ wọn. Wọn ní ìgba ́ gb̀ ọ́ pé èdè abinibi ́ ma ́ ṣe àkóbá fun mím ́ ọ e ̀de G̀ ẹẹ̀ si; a ́ ti wi ̀ pé Ǵ ẹẹ̀ si si ́ ṣe patà ̀kì ju e ̀de ̀ abinibi ́ ́ lọ. Ihà tí wọn k ́ ọ sí e ̀dè abinibi ́ ́ kò da rará ; ẃ ọn rí bíi ede ara ́ ́ oko. Wọn gbagb ́ ọ pe ti ọmọ bá ti mọ e ̀dè Gẹẹ̀ si, o ́ ́ ti kogo ja; ko ́ ̀ sí ipò ti ́ kò le ̀ dé ni aye ́ . Ile ́ í we to n ko ̀ ọmọ ni ede Gẹẹ̀ si ni ́ ̀kan ni won ma n fẹ ra ́ n a ́ ẁ ọn ọmọ wọn lo. Gbogbo eerò ̀ burúkú wọnyi ̀ ́ ni wọn ́ f si ́ awon ọmọ ninu ti wọn ó si ̀ ma dagba ̀ là ti ko ́ rira e ́ ̀de abi ̀ nibi ́ . É yi ̀ ló fá ti ̀ é ̀de Yoru ̀ ̀báf n re ko ́ tò . Oo ̀ ̀ṣà tí á n bọ tí a kòf han ọmọ, ṣé ìparun rẹ̀ ò ma kan d ̀ ẹ̀dẹ?̀ Aẁ ọn ti ́ mo tun ma ni ́ ́ wọn ́ ṣe okunfa ̀ ̀ iparun e ̀ ̀dè abinibi ́ ́ bi ́i Yorùbá ni aẁ ọn olùkọ́ ati olu ̀ ̀dasíl ́ ẹ̀ ile iwe. Lati ́ ẹ̀kọ́ ìbẹr̀ ẹ̀ ni wàhálà yíì ti f́ ojú han. ̀ Ède G̀ ẹẹ̀ si ni olu ́ ̀kọ ma n ́ ló fù n ́ ọp̀ ọ̀lọpọ à ẁ ọn im̀ ọ̀ẹ̀kọ. Iye a ́ ̀kóko tí w ̀ ọn ́ f ń kọ́ e ̀dè Gẹẹ̀ si ju a ́ ̀kókò ti won f sílẹ̀ fún e ̀dè abinibi ́ ́ lọ ni ìlọpo ìlọpo. Kó dàẹ̀ṣẹ̀ ńlá ni ti akẹẹ́ ̀kọ̀ bá ń sọ e ̀dè Yorùba.
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Olatunji, Ezekiel Kolawole, John B. Oladosu, Odetunji A. Odejobi, and Stephen O. Olabiyisi. "Design and implementation of an African native language-based programming language." International Journal of Advances in Applied Sciences 10, no. 2 (June 1, 2021): 171. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijaas.v10.i2.pp171-177.
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<p>Most of the existing high level programming languages havehitherto borrowed their lexical items from human languages including European and Asian languages. However, there is paucity of research information on programming languages developed with the lexicons of an African indigenous language. This research explored the design and implementation of an African indigenous language-based programming language using Yoruba as case study. Yoruba is the first language of over 30 million people in the south-west of Nigeria, Africa; and is spoken by over one hundred million people world-wide. It is hoped, as established by research studies, that making computer programming possible in one’s mother tongue will enhance computer-based problem-solving processes by indigenous learners and teachers. The alphabets and reserved words of the programming language were respectively formed from the basic Yoruba alphabets and standard Yoruba words. The lexical items and syntactic structures of the programming language were designed with appropriate regular expressions and context-free grammars, using Backus-Naur Form (BNF) notations. A prototype implementation of the programming language was carried out as a source-to-source, 5-pass compiler. QBasic within QB64 IDE was the implementation language. The results from implementation showed functional correctness and effectiveness of the developed programming language. Thus lexical items of a programming language need not be borrowed exclusively from European and Asian languages, they can and should be borrowed from most African native languages. Furthermore, the developed native language programming language can be used to introduce computer programming to indigenous pupils of primary and junior secondary schools.</p>
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Oludare, Olupemi. "Street language in Dùndún Drum Language." African Music : Journal of the International Library of African Music 11, no. 3 (February 28, 2022): 33–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.21504/amj.v12i1.2429.
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Dùndún drum language is a practice of speech surrogacy employed by dùndún drummers in Yoruba culture. The dùndún drummers play sequences of melo-rhythmic patterns; a form of communication that employs musical and linguistic elements, comprehensible to listeners knowledgeable in the Yoruba language. Although these sequenced patterns are sourced from Yoruba everyday sentences and oral genres (proverbs, poetry, praise-chants, and idiomatic phrases), the drummers also embrace other social narratives. These include the popular linguistic expressions in public spaces referred to as “street language.” This is because the streets serve as spaces for social life, musical and cultural imaginaries, musical and language expressions, and identity. This street language, referred to as “ohùn ìgboro” in Yoruba, include slang (saje), slurs (òtè), neologies (ènà), satire (èfè), dance-drum patterns (àlùjó), and socio-political slogans (àtúnlò-èdè). This article explores the influence of street language on dùndún music. This article follows an ethnographic model, with an analysis of the content of the dùndún music and its associated texts. The article’s findings include the extent to which the two cultures have overlapped, and the various socio-cultural benefits of adopting the language of each other’s cultural practices. In the process, the article contributes to the debate on authenticity and social structure in Yoruba culture. The article emphasises the need for an integrated research approach of music and language and their interrelationship to street cultures in Nigeria.
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Oladayo, Olakanmi Olufemi. "Yoruba Language and Numerals’ Offline Interpreter Using Morphological and Template Matching." IAES International Journal of Artificial Intelligence (IJ-AI) 3, no. 2 (June 1, 2014): 64. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijai.v3.i2.pp64-72.
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<p>Yoruba as a language has passed through generation reformations making some of the old documents in the archive to be unreadable by the present generation readers. Apart from this, some Yoruba writers usually mixed English numerals while writing due to brevity and conciseness of English numeral compare to Yoruba numerals which are combination of several characters. Re-typing such historical documents may be time consuming, therefore a need for an efficient Optical Character Reader (OCR) which will not only effectively recognize Yoruba texts but also converts all the English numerals in the document to Yoruba numerals.Several Optical Character Reader (OCR) systems had been developed to recognize characters or texts of some languages such as English, Arabic, Japanese, Chinese, and Korean, however, despite the significant contribution of Yoruba language to historical documentation and communication, it was observed that there is no particular OCR system for the language. In this paper correlation and template matching techniques were used to develop an OCR for the recognition of Yoruba based texts and convert English numerals in the document to Yoruba numerals. Experimental results show the relatively high accuracy of the developed OCR when it was tested on all size Yoruba alphabets and numerals.</p>
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Friday-Ótún, J. O. "Translating question propositions between English and Yoruba." Babel. Revue internationale de la traduction / International Journal of Translation 56, no. 3 (October 28, 2010): 219–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/babel.56.3.02fri.
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This paper focuses on the aspect of question translation between English and Yoruba. Translation serves as a mirror through which any language can be relatively replicated into another. Question proposition between English and Yoruba are significant in the body of language knowledge among about 30 million Yoruba users of English in the western part of Nigeria and diaspora.<p>This study explored the types of question propositions between English and Yoruba, and their process in translation free from the former to the latter, and, vice versa, using the literal and idiomatic continuum of translation proposed by Larson (1984). The findings of the paper revealed that question translation between both languages has implications on the characteristics of language which affect translation. The similarities and peculiarities of each language as they affect the translation to Wh, Yes/no, Echo, Tag and Alternative questions in both languages were highlighted. Also underscored was the significance of translating question proposition between both languages in pedagogical and other contexts of communication.
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Omotunde, Samuel Adebayo, and Samuel Oyeyemi Agbeleoba. "Types and Functions of Interjections in Wole Soyinka�s Ala?pata? A?pa?ta and Yoruba Speech Community." Journal of Language and Literature 19, no. 1 (April 1, 2019): 79–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.24071/joll.v19i1.1811.
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Interjections are universal means of communication among human beings which pass across different emotions and information in different cultures and languages. However, while some are found in nearly all languages but with varied meanings and functions according to context, some are peculiar to specific languages and cultures. This work, therefore, investigates the functions and meanings of both universal interjections (specifically Oh and Ah) and the Yoruba language specific interjections found in Wole Soyinkas Ala?pata? A?pa?ta. The work also discusses two other significant Yoruba language specific interjections although they are not found in the analyzed text. The authors chose the text because it is replete with interjections Oh and Ah which carry various meanings and perform various functions (few of which have not been discussed in the literature) and also because it contains the Yoruba language specific interjections which probably have not been investigated in the literature, thereby contributing to knowledge.Keywords: universal interjections, Yoruba language specific interjections, Ala?pata?
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Katibi, Abdulrazaq Mohammed. "Domestication of Arabo-Islamic Words in the Ilọrin Dialect of Yorùbá." Yoruba Studies Review 6, no. 2 (January 27, 2022): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.32473/ysr.v6i2.130281.
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Language is a dynamic phenomenon which develops-among other things with the introduction of new concept. Yoruba language-like many other living languages- has developed for its ability to accommodate new concepts into its vocabulary. With the introduction of Islam to many parts of the world, Arabic becomes the instrument to convey its concepts. Some of these concepts are either adopted as a loan word or being literally translated. However, Yoruba dialect spoken in Ilorin adopts a strategy of domesticating some of the Arab-Islamic words despite the fact that some of these concepts do not exist in Yoruba Language. This work therefore aims at identifying and trace the origin of the domesticated Arabic of Islamic concept popularly used in the dialect of Ilorin people. Forty (40) of such words are selected in the areas of Islamic doctrine, civilization and materials. Meanwhile simple percentage is used to analyze some variables in the work. After the study it is discovered that the heterogenic composition of Ilorin assisted in the domestication of Islamic concept from Arabic. A sizeable of them are from Yoruba origin coined and adopted from Yoruba while some of these words are from other Languages. Interestingly these words only do not find their ways in Yoruba dictionary but are also regularly used among Yoruba people in Nigeria. It is recommended that further studies should be conducted in this area for the purpose of enriching relationship between Arabic and Yoruba Languages.
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Owolola, Oluwaseun Iyanuoluwa. "A sociolinguistic study of the effects of Yoruba-English Code-mixing on the Yoruba language." JURNAL ARBITRER 5, no. 1 (April 28, 2018): 23. http://dx.doi.org/10.25077/ar.5.1.23-30.2018.
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This work investigates the effects of Yoruba-English Code-mixing on the Yoruba language. From a sociolinguistic perspective, it examines the reasons why people code-mix English with Yoruba and the effects of the code-mixing on the Yoruba language. The study is modeled after Crystal’s (2000) theory of language death. Data for the study was collected with the use of self-designed questionnaire which was administered to 100 respondents. The analysis of the responses shows that a number of lexical items of the Yoruba language have been lost by the native speakers as a result Yoruba-English code-mixing. It also reveals that this sociolinguistic phenomenon may hamper the growth and development of the Yoruba language as it has become more convenient for Yoruba speakers to code-mix than to coin new words for new concepts, items or ideas. The study, therefore, concludes that uncontrolled Yoruba-English code-mixing may render the use of the Yoruba language moribund, consequently leading to the death of the language. It is recommended that the native speakers of Yoruba should make conscious efforts to use “pure” Yoruba, minimizing the use of code-mix.
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Opoola, B. T., and A. F, Opoola. "Adoption of Electronic Techniques in Teaching English-Yoruba Bilingual Youths the Semantic Expansion and Etymology of Yoruba Words and Statements." Theory and Practice in Language Studies 9, no. 11 (November 1, 2019): 1369. http://dx.doi.org/10.17507/tpls.0911.01.
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Yoruba is one of the Nigeria’s four hundred languages linguistically threatened with extinction considering the language attitude of its native speakers especially the youths. The youths’ flair for English is making them lose interest in the use of Yoruba. This study was designed to introduce and teach the Yoruba youths the origin of some Yoruba words and statements using electronic devices like video tape recorder, phones, and power points presentation. Twenty Yoruba words, phrases, clauses, and statements were dramatized, recorded in CDrom and practically demonstrated in the classroom setting. We elicited our data through various Yoruba discourses with their historical origin traced to past happenings. The major sources of data collection for this study include records of discourses in Yoruba, waxed musical records and conversations among Yoruba natives especially in Urban areas in Nigeria. Twenty of the collated words, phrases, clauses and statement were also linguistically analyzed. The study encourages the use of electronic gadgets in teaching Yoruba. It is also a valuable attempt among others in saving Yoruba language from going to extinction as a result of its native youth speakers’ lack of interest and knowledge of the origin of many of its words, clauses, phrases, statements and usage.
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Ajayi, Temitope Michael. "An Ethno-pragmatic Analysis of Verbal Indirection in Yoruba." JURNAL ARBITRER 5, no. 2 (October 29, 2018): 67. http://dx.doi.org/10.25077/ar.5.2.67-74.2018.
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The Yoruba language is one of the richest languages in the world in terms of how words and expressions can be employed beyond their conventional meanings. One way of achieving unconventional meaning of words and expressions in the language is the deployment of verbal indirection which is a strategic avoidance of speaking directly in order to achieve a communicative goal. As phenomenal as this concept is in the Yoruba language and culture, it has not received adequate attention from scholars, particularly in Nigeria. This study therefore attempts an ethno-pragmatic analysis of verbal indirection in Yoruba, within the purview of Hyme’s Ethnography of speaking and Brown and Levinson’s Face theory. The study observes, contrary to the existing notion that verbal indirection is a face-saving strategy in language, it can be deployed as a face-threatening strategy in the Yoruba language.
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Alabi, Adesanya M. "The Decline of Indigenous Language in African Literature: A Model of the Yoruba Language." African Research & Documentation 139 (2021): 114–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0305862x00023980.
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“African literature has presented a lot of problems especially what is to be considered African literature, in which language it should be written, what it should be about, and who should be considered an African writer“(Ndede, 2016:2). This article discusses the linguistic hegemony of the colonial languages with particular reference to Yoruba. “The Yoruba country lies roughly between latitudes 6° and 9°N and longitudes 2° 30’ and 6° 30’ East. The area spreads across the republics of Benin and Togo. The Yoruba are also found in such places as Sierra Leone, Gambia and across the Atlantic in the Caribbean and South America especially in Brazil” (Atanda, 1996; cited in Salawu, 2004).According to Arifalo and Ogen, Yoruba people are forty million worldwide and they further assert that the Yoruba ethnic group is one of the biggest in West Africa (Arifalo and Ogen, 2003; cited in Salawu, 2004).
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Ifaturoti, Adeboye Oluwaseun. "Краткий очерк типологических особенностей языка йоруба." Theoretical and Applied Linguistics, no. 7 (2021): 74–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.22250/2410-7190_2021_7_1_74_85.
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The article presents materials on the phonetic and grammatical structure of Yoruba – one of the most widely spoken languages of West Africa, which, along with its literary form, exists in many dialectical variants. Using examples selected from modern normative speech usage, the author – a native speaker of the Standard Yoruba – demonstrates the ways of expressing semantic content, various grammatical meanings and categories in the Yoruba language, whose structure has significant differences from known modern analytical (English, French) and synthetic (Russian) languages of Europe. The results of the study show that, first, lexical meanings in Yoruba language can be differentiated by changing tone pitch; second, reduplication and agglutination are vital to the process of word formation; third, the categories of verb tense, definiteness / indeterminacy, comparative and superlative adjectives are expressed by lexical means; finally, syntactic constructions due to the non-inflectional nature of words in Yoruba, as in European analytical languages, are constructed according to a fixed model.
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Mahmoud-Mukadam, Abdur-Rasheed, and Abdulwahid Aliy Adebisi. "Language Borrowing between Arabic and Yoruba Language." Izdihar : Journal of Arabic Language Teaching, Linguistics, and Literature 2, no. 1 (October 7, 2019): 53. http://dx.doi.org/10.22219/jiz.v2i1.7386.
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Arabic Language is characterized by a great deal of influence that has made a profound impact on the rest of the world's languages, whether socially, culturally, religiously or economically. This language is specific to the Holy Quran, which has a higher constitution that Muslim takes from the laws of religion. Islam does not solve a place except it takes with language of its Arabic provisions. This article sheds light on some of the words borrowed by Yorba from Arabic in its various forms, of which there is no change in the image of pronunciation and what has undergone some change and distortion. The approach envisaged in this article is inductive, thus contributing in one way or another to supporting some scientific and historical facts in this area of borrowing. The results of this article is that language of the world is estimated relative to the world's speakers by 6.6% and the largest languages that borrow some others words in the corridors of life. Yorba, the language of southern Nigeria, and one of the three most famous tribal languages (Hausa, Yorba, Ibo) and which also has many of the speakers borrows many from Arabic.
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Abiodun, Rowland. "On the Imperative of Language for Understanding African Art." Yoruba Studies Review 2, no. 2 (December 21, 2021): 1–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.32473/ysr.v2i2.130129.
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I was deeply touched and honored by the roundtable organized at the 2016 African Studies Association Conference to focus on my book, Yoruba Art and Language: Seeking the African in African Art (2014). I want to thank Professor Funṣọ Afọlayan for contacting and bringing together a formidable group of scholars of Yorùbá art and culture to that end. I was gratified that, by and large, all the panelists endorsed my premise on the fundamental importance of language in Yorùbá art studies. The first paper by Moyọ Okediji was a pleasant surprise. Even though this possibility has always existed, as I had taught a course in Yorùbá art entirely in Yorùbá language at the University of Ifẹ (renamed Ọba ̀ ́fẹmi Awo ́ ́lọẃ ọ University) in ̀ the 1980s1 , no one was expecting that his entire contribution to the roundtable discussion would be presented in Yorùbá language. Why not? I realized. The language is as fully developed as any other language in the world and it can, and should be spoken as well as written -- especially when we discuss Yorùbá art. For the benefit of those not literate in Yorùba language, Michael Af ́ ọlayan gave an elegant translation of Okediji’s paper in English. The excellent contents and presentation by Okediji touched on issues that lay at the heart of my book, namely its methodology and its insistence on the need for a Yorùbá voice to be heard literally and metaphorically in art historical discourse.
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Ajibade, Yetunde Adedoyin, Emmanuel Olajide Awopetu, Cecilia Omobola Odejobi, and Hannah Olubunmi Ajayi. "Assessment of the Language Arts Curricula in the Nigerian Basic Education Program." Journal of Education 200, no. 2 (October 10, 2019): 97–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022057419875128.
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Overload of the Basic Education curriculum in Nigeria led to the reduction from earlier 11 subjects to seven for Lower Basic, eight for Middle Basic, and nine for Upper Basic. Languages may not be exempt as it may affect performance adversely. For this study, the two national languages (English language and French) as well as Yoruba (the language of the Southwestern States) were examined. The curricula content of the three compulsory languages was examined based on (except for Yoruba) globally accepted objectives of language learning. Content analysis showed curriculum overload of different dimensions at the levels of the three languages.
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Ayo, AYODELE Christiana, and OYINLOYE Gabriel Oludele. "Evaluation of the Implementation of the Universal Basic Education Yoruba Language Curriculum in South Western Nigeria." Theory and Practice in Language Studies 9, no. 12 (December 1, 2019): 1465. http://dx.doi.org/10.17507/tpls.0912.01.
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The study evaluated the implementation of the Universal Basic Education Yoruba Language Curriculum in South Western States of Nigeria. The purpose is to determine the extent of the coverage of the Curriculum. It is also meant to determine whether the objectives of the Yoruba Language Curriculum are achieved. Also, it is meant to ascertain the attitude of the students towards the learning of Yoruba Language. The study is a descriptive research of the survey design. The population consists of all students and teachers that are teaching Yoruba Language in all upper Basic Schools in South Western Nigeria. A sample of 1500 respondents which consists of 1200 students and 300 teachers that are teaching Yoruba Language in upper Basic Schools was selected through the use of multistage sampling techniques. Three (3) Research questions and (2) Two Hypotheses were used and tested at 0.5 level of significance. Four instruments were used to elicit information. They are, Teachers’ Questionnaire on implementation of the Universal Basic Education Yoruba Language Curriculum, Questionnaire on students’ attitude towards learning of Yoruba language and Students achievement test. The students’ class notes were also used to know the extent of the work done. The data generated were subjected to descriptive analysis and inferential statistics. The findings revealed that, there was a low positive relationship between the Universal Basic Education Yoruba Language Curriculum and its implementation.
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Opoku, J. Y. "Second language proficiency differences in the learning of semantically-equivalent bilingual sentences." Applied Psycholinguistics 8, no. 1 (March 1987): 75–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0142716400000084.
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ABSTRACTThree groups of subjects who used English as a second language and who were considered to be at different levels of proficiency in English participated in a study of transfer of learning from English to Yoruba, their native language, and from Yoruba to English. It was predicted that total transfer from one language to the other would decrease with increasing proficiency in English and that transfer from Yoruba to English would be higher than from English to Yoruba at lower levels of proficiency in English. Findings showed rather that total transfer increased with increasing proficiency in English and that transfer from English to Yoruba was higher than from Yoruba to English for all groups. It is concluded that on a verbal transfer task, bilinguals show development from independent to interdependent language systems with increasing proficiency in a second language.
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RABIU, RIDWAN AKINKUNMI. "HANDSHAKE ACROSS THE NIGER: A STUDY OF LINGUISTIC OUTCOME IN YORÙBÁ-HAUSA CONTACT." Zamfara International Journal of Humanities 2, no. 01 (June 30, 2023): 209–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.36349/zamijoh.2023.v02i01.015.
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This paper examined the relationship between the Yoruba people of South-western Nigeria and the Hausa people of Northern Nigeria within the scope of linguistics. The objective of this paper is to analyze the relationship that exists between these two tribes using linguistic evidence which include analysis of Yoruba borrowed words from Hausa language and Hausa related Yoruba proverbs and proverbial expressions. This work is descriptive in nature and data were gathered from existing literature and from ideal native speakers of Yoruba language with the aid of selected Hausa language helpers. The research findings revealed that Yoruba borrowed words from Hausa language can be classified into two classes which are Alternative borrowing and Non-alternative borrowing. It also discovered that Hausa related Yoruba proverbs and proverbial expressions can be classified to Derogatory Hausa related proverbs which show some form of hate speech and Non-derogatory Hausa related Yoruba proverbs.
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Akewula, Adams Olufemi. "Al-Ghuluwu fi al-amsal al-arabiy." Matatu 51, no. 2 (September 21, 2020): 299–310. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18757421-05102006.
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Abstract Al-Ghuluwu fi al-amsal al-arabiy (Postproverbial) is a new trend in modern Arabic studies. It is a way to gain the perceptions of learners of the language into Afro-Arabic and Yoruba cultures in contemporary times. Through the learning of the subject matter, University of Ibadan students of Arabic Language and Literature explore how much common philosophy is shared between postproverbial expressions in Arabic and Yoruba languages. Afro-Arabic postproverbial demonstrates the trends of modernity within the culture. It absorbs and transforms wisdom accumulated over the few years with the experience of students in their various localities. This paper investigates the exposure to postproverbiality in Arabic among the students of Arabic language and literature who are predominantly Yoruba in the University of Ibadan and how the practice of postproverbials transforms their perceptions and values of Yoruba and Afro-Arab cultural concepts. Thus, two questions are raised: to what extent does the use of postproverbials in the Arabic literature course in the University of Ibadan shed light on Yoruba cultural aspects not regularly covered in Arabic Proverbs? How does the use of postproverbials in the Arabic literature course promote a new understanding among the students and make them discover and reassess their values and preferences in the modern time? The theoretical framework of the paper is adopted from A. Raji-Oyelade’s “Postproverbials in Yoruba Culture: A Playful Blasphemy”. The result of this study indicates that students employed their basic knowledge of Arabic language, coupled with their Yoruba cultural background, to re-create a number of postproverbial texts within the context of Arabic culture. It also exhibits their level of consciousness in the modern times.
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Salawu, Adewuni. "Evaluation of interpretation during congregational services and public religious retreats in south-west Nigeria." Babel. Revue internationale de la traduction / International Journal of Translation 56, no. 2 (August 13, 2010): 129–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/babel.56.2.03sal.
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In most spiritual gatherings in Southwest Nigeria, as observed today, preaching is in English or in Yoruba and then interpreted in Yoruba or English. English is an official language in Nigeria and Yoruba is the local language in most of the Southwest of the country. Most people are to some extent bilingual. The objective of this study is to evaluate the quality of the interpretation carried out in those spiritual gatherings. Questionnaires were administered. Data were collated and analyzed. A total of 39 respondents (78%) were satisfied with the output of the interpretation from English to Yoruba while only 48% were satisfied with the interpretation from Yoruba to English. The study concludes that interpretation from English to Yoruba is being handled better and more training be given to those interpreting from Yoruba to English.
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Suleiman, Hassan Biodun. "Yoruba Language Use in Lagos State Legislative Assembly: Challenges and Prospects." Yoruba Studies Review 8, no. 1 (May 6, 2023): 23–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.32473/ysr.8.1.134084.
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Abstract
This study examined the challenges and prospects of the use of the Yoruba Language for legislative business in the Lagos State House of Assembly. The Assembly adopted the use of the Yoruba language for its deliberation every Thursday in 2007. This study made use of an in-depth interview guide to elicit responses from research subjects, who were drawn from among the Legislative officers, aides, and assistants, totaling ten. In addition, we consulted archival notes, Order Paper, Proceedings of the House, newspapers, and other recorded material. Our findings revealed that there is an insufficient number of Yoruba legislative reporters, while some legislators are still trying to grapple with the use of Yoruba. Similarly, most statutory committee members do not speak the Yoruba language during meetings or public hearings. The prospects of the initiative include, among others, bringing legislative practice to the doorstep of the common man. For instance, the House has now passed a bill into law making Yoruba language compulsory both as a subject and a language in Lagos State public schools toward the growth of the economy of Lagos State.
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Afolayan, Michael Oladejo. "“Welcome to the White Man’s World”: An English Translation of Isaac Oluwole Delano’s Historical Novel Aiyé D’Aiyé Òyìnbó." Yoruba Studies Review 4, no. 2 (December 21, 2021): 1–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.32473/ysr.v4i2.130043.
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Welcome to the White Man’s World
By Chief Isaac O. Delano
Author of Soul of Nigeria, An African Look at Marriage, One Church for Nigeria, Notes and Comments from Nigeria, The Singing Minister of Nigeria, Ìran Ọrun, Ìtàn Ogun Àdùb ̀ í, and Ìwé Atúmọ Yorùbá ̀ (Yoruba – Yoruba Dictionary) London: Tomas Nelson Ltd., 1953
Foreword
I appreciate the kind of love with which you, my readers, embraced my previous books, whether those I wrote in the English language or in Yoruba. For the record, one important thing I would like to say right here is that all names, be it of towns or of people, that are used in this book are totally fictional. We had no one in mind when this story was being written. The story is purely fictional but based on our various experiences in the Yoruba society.
Isaac O. Delano Bajiki Ake, Abeokuta London, 1953
Dedication
Tis book is dedicated to Ẹgbẹ́Ọmọ Odùduwà (Te Society of Sons and Daughters of Oduduwa), which is frantically engaged in working relentlessly towards the progress of the Yoruba society.
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Aransi, Ayoola Oladunnke, and Hakeem Olawale. "Women in Obasá’s Poetry." Yoruba Studies Review 5, no. 1 (December 21, 2021): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.32473/ysr.v5i1.130067.
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Obasá’s creativity cuts across virtually all aspects of Yorùbá socio-cultural ̣ settings and his works have attracted the attention of various scholars. It is evident that his poems are laden with topical issues that are of national interest. Most of his works, as described by previous scholars, are based on his love for and interest in Yorùbá language, social values, language, style, cultural practices, and the recovery endangered Yoruba oral art (Babalolá 1971, ̣ 1973; Olábimtán 1974a, 1974b; Ògúnsínà 1980; O ̣ látúnji 1982; Akínye ̣ mí 1987, ̣ 1991, 2017; and Nnodim 2006). Tis essay focuses on the representation of women in Obas ̣ á’s poetry, a topic that has not been given adequate attention. ̣ The essay attempts a close reading of Obas ̣ á’s poems within the Feminism and ̣ womanism theoretical frameworks. The research reveals that the representation of women in the poetry of Obasa did not go beyond the stereotypical and derogatory portrayal of women among the Yoruba.
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Adekunle, Basirat Omolola. "Lexicosyntactic analysis of fused compounds in Yoruba." Macrolinguistics and Microlinguistics 6, no. 1 (July 25, 2024): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.21744/mami.v6n1.32.
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Compounding is one of the productive word formation processes in human languages due to its eclectic means of formation. This paper focuses on the fused compounding process in Yorùbá. The aim of this study is to analyse the lexicosyntactic process involved in deriving fused compounds in Yorùbá. The paper states the possible combinations of fused compounding in Yoruba; it examines the different processes that can occur at the syntactic level of compounding; and it analysed the processes which occur at the syntactic level of compounding. Data for this study were gathered from the introspection of the researcher since the researcher is a native speaker of the language of the study. Data gathered were validated by other native speakers for accuracy and authentication. Also, data were obtained from previous related literature. The theoretical framework adopted for this study is the weak lexicalist hypothesis. This study found that assimilation, vowel elision and coalescence are the possible alterations which occur at the syntactic level of fused compounding in Yorùbá. This study concludes that fused compounding only surfaces in Noun + Noun (N+N) Noun + Noun + Noun (N+N+N), Affix + Verb + Noun (AFX+V+N) and Verb + Noun (V+N) combinations in the language.
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Oyebade, F. O., Aranuwa, F.O, and Adéjùmọ̀, J. A. Amos. "Improved Yorùbá Language Option of the Automated Teller Machine using Translation Equivalence Model." International Journal of Linguistics, Literature and Translation 3, no. 7 (July 31, 2020): 53–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.32996/ijllt.2020.3.7.7.
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The introduction of the Automated Teller Machine (ATM) by financial institutions has changed the face of banking globally, Nigeria inclusive. The mechanism has provided a kind of collective sigh-of-relief to both the bank and their customers, offering convenient, speedy and round the clock services. However, it is not without some inherent challenges as many bank customers who are not proficient in English language found the ATM cumbersome and unfriendly. Attempting to provide solution to these challenges, some banks in Nigeria have developed and introduced the indigenous language version of the Automated Teller Machine options. Yet, user’s response did not reflect the anticipated level of enthusiasm as a result of operational complexities and translation equivalence challenges especially for the Yoruba menu option. In view of this, this work makes an attempt to present an improved translation model introducing Yoruba tone marking to assist those who do not understand the English language, but are monolingual only in Yoruba language to effectively interact with the system. Specifically, an attempt is made to translate the menu option of Automated Teller Machine in conformity with the phonological and morphological processes in Yorùbá, following the natural strategy of lexical expansion in the Yorùbá language itself. Phrases and sentences of translation were conducted, employing equivalent model. The data (content) considered were arranged bearing in mind the principle of relatedness for proper reference and analysis. During translation, the strategies of morphological processes of semantic extension, borrowing, nominalization, indigenization and composition were used. The system framework designed to test the model was found to reflect the anticipated level of user’s enthusiasm. The research work does not only assist those who are not proficient in English language to effectively interact with the system, but also overcomes the challenges of the present design and consequently widens the scope of ATM usage in the interior parts of the country.
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Balogun, Bunmi. "Language Visibility and Audibility: Discussing the Dominant Status of Yoruba on Social Media." International Journal of English Linguistics 13, no. 5 (September 27, 2023): 103. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ijel.v13n5p103.
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In recent times, there is evidence of the emergence of new linguistic dynamics in the social media communication engagements in the Nigerian social media culture which have consequently impacted the visibility of the Yoruba language. The use of Yoruba has become part of a lot of users’ everyday social communication practices thereby promoting the language to be more visible in the arena of social media platforms. This study is interested in evaluating the nature of and the extent to which the language is used on social media, understanding its presence to the development of social media repertoire, and how it has become the dominant local medium through which many Nigerian social media users negotiate and express their identities. The motivation for this practice, and how it is employed as a discoursal means of language promotion will also be investigated. The data contain Instagram comments that exhibit pure Yoruba and code mixing between Yoruba and English/Nigerian Pidgin English; and from the data, it is evident that Yoruba is gaining more popularity on social media networks amidst the dense multilingualism of Nigeria. The findings reveal that social media provide a discursive platform for the users to be able to reinforce dominant representation of the language. The paper concludes that Yoruba is emerging as a popular language of the Nigerian internet culture.
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Robbin, Anjola. "Language Preference and Selection during Nurse-Patient Service Encounter at Adeoyo Teaching Hospital, Yemetu, Ibadan." British Journal of Nursing Studies 3, no. 2 (September 22, 2023): 23–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.32996/bjns.2023.3.2.3.
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This study examines language preference and selection during nurse-patient service encounters as well as the motivations and effectiveness of such selection by nurses at Adeoyo Teaching Hospital, Ibadan. The study adopted quantitative and descriptive research using a self-designed questionnaire administered to a sample population of fifty (50) nurses selected using stratified random sampling. The data assessing the four phases of nurse-patient service encounters was analyzed using simple percentages and then subjected to a descriptive analysis using Peplau's (1997) Theory of Interpersonal Relations and Giles' (1991) Communication Accommodation Theory. The study finds that language preference at the orientation phase of the nurse-patient service encounters was Yoruba (20%), Yoruba and English Language (56%), while only (24%) opted for the use of the English Language. During the identification and exploitation phases, (86%) adopted the Yoruba language, while (4%) and (10%) adopted English and Nigerian Pidgin English (NPE), respectively. During the resolution phase (80%) adopted the Yoruba Language, while (16%) and (4%) used the English Language and NPE, respectively. Language preference by nurses at the different phases of service encounter, therefore, is Yoruba followed English and then NPE during healthcare provision. Nurses’ motivations for converging or diverging to and from the patients’ preferred language were on the grounds of faster healthcare delivery (96%), emotional stability of the patients (96%), level of education (100%), prestige (64%), ease of communication and comprehension (99%), detailed information (88%), language preference (62%), and patient’s language competence(62%). The Yoruba language was found to be effective during orientation, identification, exploitation, and resolution phases of nurse-patient service encounters as it was considered to depict nurses as emphatic (80%), achieve delivery of patient-centred healthcare (88%), a more coordinated service delivery (84%), effective patient evaluation as well implementation of treatment (98%). Yoruba was also found to keep patients emotionally stable (96%) and ensure effective follow-up of healthcare delivery (100%). The study has shown that linguistic affiliation by the selection of patient’s language preference, which is often the use of the Yoruba language, was found to be effective in ensuring effective health care before, during, and the follow-up care of patient-nurse service encounters at Adeoyo Teaching Hospital. It is suggested that linguistic orientation for better healthcare delivery should be mandated in the healthcare sector. Research on language preference during service encounters among nurses and their patient interaction in the hospital from the viewpoint of the patients is also suggested.
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Bolarinwa, Abidemi. "The Yoruba News as a Political Tool and Avenue for Cultural Revival." Yoruba Studies Review 5, no. 1 (December 21, 2021): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.32473/ysr.v5i1.130070.
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The Yorubà News, published by Obasa ̣, co-pioneered journalism, nay publishing, in Yorùbá language in southwestern Nigeria. Based in Ìbàdan and ̀ published by Ìlarè Printers, ̣́ The Yorùbá News, a bi-lingual serial in English and Yorùbá languages, remarkably had varying contents and wide circulation covering its locale, Íbàdan significantly; the southern protectorate, particularly Yorùbá land appreciably; and the entire nation, Nigeria marginally. Published weekly, Obasa – the Editor and Proprietor – successfully edited ̣ The Yorubà News ́ for over two decades from 1924 – 1945 when he died. Adopting the Diffusion of Innovations theory, this study examines the form and content of the newspaper. The form examines the structure and layout of the newspaper while the content discusses and evaluates issues covered in the publication. The form of The Yorùbá News is discussed in the context of the print media as a periodical by taking technical cognizance of its physical features: format, design and layout, typography, columns, paper, size and production quality. Content-wise, the paper exhaustively describes the subject matters of The Yorubà News ́ by dwelling critically on the issues raised, examining in details and critiquing its recurrent subject matters notably: the news stories, editorials, cover, advertorials, news and notes, etc. The inter-dependence of form and content is also examined to bring to the fore the social, cultural, political, and economic values of the maiden Yorùbá Newspaper: The Yorùbá News.
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Pulleyblank, Douglas. "A note on tonal markedness in Yoruba." Phonology 21, no. 3 (December 2004): 409–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0952675704000326.
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It is well established that the tonal system of Yoruba involves the asymmetric marking or retention of certain tones and the absence or loss of others. The behaviour of Yoruba's three tones is scalar but non-linear, with H tones being the most stable and M tones being the most unstable. In this note, it is shown that previous accounts of the asymmetries in terms of underspecification are problematic, arguing instead for the incorporation of tonal markedness directly into the formulation of faithfulness constraints.
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Ajiboye, Tunde. "Politeness marking in Yoruba and Yoruba learners of French." Language Learning Journal 6, no. 1 (September 1992): 83–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09571739285200551.
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Adamo, Grace Ebunlola. "Linguistic interplay between Yoruba and English." English Today 28, no. 2 (May 17, 2012): 51–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s026607841200017x.
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The purpose of this paper is to foreground the extent to which the English language has eroded the originality and purity of the Yoruba language. The main focus will be on code-switching practices, which I believe to be detrimental to Yoruba in the long run. Although linguists have long proposed a ‘leave-your-language-alone’ attitude (see Hall, 1950), there is little doubt that the effects of first British colonization and then globalization have changed the linguistic ecology of Africa. Few sociolinguists would deny that a people's language is a symbol of their identity and culture. In an important textbook in the field, Holmes (1992: 70) confirms that ‘Language is an important component of identity and culture for many groups, maintaining their distinct identity and culture is usually important to … self esteem.’ What are we then to make of the extensive code-switching that I will be documenting in this article? Linguists' tolerance has certainly extended to code-switching studies in Africa, from which much important data has been drawn. The main scholar in this area is Carol Myers-Scotton, whose two books on code-switching (1993a,b) were based primarily on her research in Africa and remain central to the field internationally. Scholars like Coupland and Jaworski (1997) propose that the use of mixed speech in a conversation is not necessarily a language defect but a sign of flexibility and creativity. Understanding the social, psycholinguistic and syntactic motivations for switching is one thing, but the applied linguist and educationist also has to ask serious questions about what this means for the future of local languages heavily implicated in code-switching.
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Babatunde, A. N., A. A. Oke, B. F. Balogun, T. A. AbdulRahman, and R. O. Ogundokun. "A Deep Neural Network-Based Yoruba Intelligent Chatbot System." Advances in Multidisciplinary and scientific Research Journal Publication 10, no. 2 (June 15, 2022): 69–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.22624/aims/digital/v10n2p4.
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Two Artificial Intelligence software systems, Bot and Chatbot have recently debuted on the internet. This initiate a communication between the user and a virtual agent. The modeling and performance in deep learning (DL) computation for an Assistant Conversational Agent are presented in this research (Chatbot). The deep neural network (DNN) technique is used to respond to a large number of tokens in an input sentence with more appropriate dialogue. The model was created to do Yoruba-to-Yoruba translations. The major goal of this project is to improve the model's perplexity and learning rate, as well as to find a blue score for translation in the same language. Kares is used to run the experiments, which is written in Python. The data was trained using a deep learning-based algorithm. With the use of training examples, a collection of Yoruba phrases with various intentions was produced. The results demonstrate that the system can communicate in basic Yoruba terms and that it would be able to learn simple Yoruba words. The study result when evaluated showed that the system had 80% accuracy rate. Keywords: Chatbot, Natural Language Processing, Deep Learning, Artificial Neural Network, Yoruba Language
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Owolabi, Dare. "Language pattern of Yoruba-English teenage school-going bilinguals in southwest Nigeria: Impact on the English language and suggestions for language planning." JOURNAL OF ADVANCES IN LINGUISTICS 1, no. 1 (January 22, 2014): 24–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.24297/jal.v1i1.1990.
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As in many parts of the world, bilingualism is a common speech phenonmenon in Southwest Nigeria as many who have had exposure to western education are exposed to both Yoruba and English at about the same time and in the same environment. While Yoruba is the Mother Tongue, the English language is both the nations official as well as the second language and, by extention, the language common to many in this part of the countrys geopolitical zone. As the official language of education, the English language now faces serious challenges as it competes, in so many domains, with Yoruba, the language of the immediate environment, thus impinging negatively on the effectiveness of the use of the English language. The study is both a survey and descriptive using a simple questionnaire for the survey. The findings show a shift from the indigenous language to English,but the preference for English does not translate to mastery of the language. Results from public examinations indicate that the contact between the two languages affects the effective use of the English, which is the nations official language in schools. The study recommends, for the purpose of language planning, a tripartite lingustic model, with multilingualism at the base, for cultural matters, interpersonal communication in local trade and phatic communion; regional/geopolitical zone bilingualism in the middle of the pyramid, with the whole model peaking and coalescing at national monolingualism in a pyramidal form, with English retaining its prsent position at the peak of the pyramid.
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Asiyanbola, A. A., and Mohammed Ademilokun. "Literacy and Language of Instruction in Nigeria: A Case Study of Integrated Science Teaching in Selected Primary Schools." International Journal of Literacy, Culture, and Language Education 4 (August 1, 2015): 123–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.14434/ijlcle.v4i0.26921.
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Research has proven beyond a reasonable doubt that children can acquire knowledge better in their mother tongue (MT) or language of immediate environment (LIE) rather than in the second language (L2), which is often a colonial master’s language, but also the recognized official language in the country. The present paper explores the functions of both the Indigenous language or mother tongue (e.g., Yoruba) and the official language (English) in the dissemination of education, particularly in the primary schools in Nigeria. It also discusses the policy statements on the two languages and their social realities or practices in the educational set‐ups operating in the country. Using six private and public primary schools as a case study in Southwestern Nigeria, we found that codeswitching between English (L2) and Yoruba (MT) could be more effective than either of the languages alone, and that the MT or LIE should never be jettisoned in the education of the child, especially in teaching subjects other than English, such as Integrated Science.
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Oladiti, Akeem Abiodun. "Reconsidering the influence of Islam on Yoruba cultural heritage,1930-1987." Khazar Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences 18, no. 2 (July 2015): 34–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.5782/2223-2621.2014.18.2.34.
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Previous studies on the activities of Islam have focused on the contribution of the religion to state building (Last, 1967, p. 4 ), the nineteenth century jihad (Smith, 1961, p. 45) and the phenomenal growth of Islam during the colonial period (Gbadamosi, 1978, p. 77). However, no specific attention has been paid to how Islam affected Yoruba culture negatively with specific focus on the area of religion education and language. This study intends to fill this obvious gap in the historiography of influential cultural invasion of Islam from 1930, when colonial political structures allowed the Muslims to maintain a physical and cultural presence in Yoruba towns to 1987 when the proliferation of Islamic learning centres became well established to promote Islamic cultural orientation in the community. primary data on colonial petition reports were sourced from archival materials as well as oral interviews with people selected through purposive sampling technique while the secondary data were derived from books and journal articles. The data collected through these methods were classified and subjected to qualitative analysis. Arabic schools throughout Yoruba land were established as centers promoting Arabic civilization and Islamic cultures (Bidmos, 1972, p. 32). These schools were found in most of the large urban cities in Yoruba city states such as Lagos, Ibadan, Ilorin, Abeokuta, Saki, Osogbo, Ede and Ikirun (Mahmud, 1983, p. 37). The activities of these schools were geared towards producing Yoruba Arabs. These schools encouraged the wearing of turban (al-hammamah), the flowing robe (jalamiyyah and hijab). Arabic words with lexical equivalents in Yoruba lexicography. Some Muslim scholars that graduated from these Arabic schools branded their physical appearance by keeping long beards as a measure of cultural affinity with the Arab Muslims. The influence of Islamic literacy has also manifested in the mode of naming such that converts changed their names deemed associated with Yoruba deities to Islamic names. There were also reports of instances Muslim clerics spearheaded and attacked Yoruba religion, language and education. Islamic literacy has brought about cultural changes in the mode of language, beliefs and education of the Muslims in Yoruba society. The Arabic schools in Yoruba society promoted cultural influence with the establishment of structures which undermined the preservation of Yoruba religion, language and education.
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Ryan, Connor. "Diversity Within Yoruba-Language Video Films." African Studies Review 55, no. 2 (September 2012): 180–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/arw.2012.0040.
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Aoga, John O. R., Theophile K. Dagba, and Codjo C. Fanou. "Integration of Yoruba language into MaryTTS." International Journal of Speech Technology 19, no. 1 (January 20, 2016): 151–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10772-016-9334-8.
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Sonde, Simeon Olufunso, and Femi Adedina. "Aspects of Innovative Language Use in Femi Adedina’s <i>Highway to Nowhere</i>." International Journal of Current Research in the Humanities 27, no. 1 (April 30, 2024): 228–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ijcrh.v27i1.15.
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Code switching and mixing, lexical transfer, loan blend and semantic extension are innovations in the novel of Femi Adedina’s, Highway to Nowhere (HTN), the text used in this paper. Barbaresi’s Morphopragmatics, which integrates morphology and pragmatics, is the theoretical perspective. Our analysis focused on the aspects of code switching/ mixing, lexical transfer and loan blend used in HTN. Yoruba codes that cannot be pragmatically translated into English language codes but switched and mixed were analysed. Meaning of terms that contain semantic extension, figurative/proverbial and deep traditional Yoruba meanings were explicated. Lexical transfer of items like mágùn, Ìkòkò, Àkosèjáyé, etc., were done to locate the novel in Yoruba traditional and cultural contexts. The study concluded that writers of literary works in English as a second language should preserve the sacred codes/names that things are called in their cultures in the process of translating their experiences to other languages.
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R.O., Farinde, and Omolaiye H.O. "A Socio-pragmatic Investigation of Language of Insults in the Utterances of Yoruba Natives in Nigeria." Advances in Language and Literary Studies 11, no. 6 (December 31, 2020): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.7575/aiac.alls.v.11n.6p.1.
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An utterance is neither seen nor touched but capable of making or marring an individual, group or a nation depending on how it is used. Thus, positive utterances ensure peace and tranquility in a society while negative utterances usually tear a nation apart. Language of insult is a negative utterance that usually produces, hatred, war, or disunity in the society. This paper, therefore, investigated the language of tribal insult in the utterances of Yoruba language users. Adopting conversational Implicature and Referential Theory as a theoretical framework, the study examined the language of tribal insults in the utterances of Yoruba users of Yoruba language. Employing participatory observation and recorded utterances in informal settings with the native speakers of Yoruba, the researchers discovered that the use of language of tribal insults among the Yoruba speakers has presented some tribes less humans. Also, some words are carelessly used to insult a nation, abuser’s insults are being transferred to ethnic groups with he use simile and metaphor, and negative attitude of a particular person becomes an insult to an ethnic group. The insults ranges from “theft”, “promiscuity”, “stinginess”, “privilege abuse”, “dirtiness” to “inferiority complex”. The implication of the insults is that some tribes are seen as being worthiness. The study, therefore, recommends that government should put machinery in motion to check this menace in order to promote unity in diversity.
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Agyekum, Kofi. "Barry Hallen, The Good, The Bad and The Beautiful. Discourse about Values in Yoruba Culture. Bloomington: Indiana University Press. 2001. Pp. 219. Hb $39.95." Language in Society 32, no. 3 (June 2003): 428–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0047404503253057.
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This book combines culture, philosophy and linguistics by examining everyday language. It concentrates on the semantic interrelations between aspects of epistemic, moral and aesthetic values of a person's life in Yoruba society. The book contains six chapters and an appendix of Yoruba-language quotations.
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Solihu, Abdul Kabir Hussain. "The Earliest Yoruba Translation of the Qur'an: Missionary Engagement with Islam in Yorubaland." Journal of Qur'anic Studies 17, no. 3 (October 2015): 10–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/jqs.2015.0210.
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This study analyses the first translation of the meaning of the Qur'an into Yoruba, a language spoken mainly in south-western Nigeria in West Africa. Yorubaland in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries was a theatre of serious engagement between Muslims and Christian missionaries, during which a proliferation of translations of religious texts played a major role. Long before the translation of the Qur'an was accepted by most Muslims in Africa, Christian missionaries had taken the initiative in rendering the Qur'an into local African languages. The first known translation of the Qur'an into any African language was Reverend M.S. Cole's Yoruba translation, which was first published in 1906, and republished in 1924 in Lagos, Nigeria. This ground breaking work, written primarily for a Christian audience, was not widely circulated among Yoruba scholarly circles and thus did not generate significant scholarly discourse, either at the time or since. This study, which is primarily based on the 1924 edition of Reverend Cole's translation, but also takes into account other materials dealing with the Muslim-Christian engagement in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries in Yorubaland, examines the historical background, motives, and semantic structure of the earliest Christian missionary-translated Yoruba Qur'an.
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Oluwole Samuel, Akintoye. "Relative and Conditional Clause Constructions in Ìyàgbà Dialect." Journal of Language and Education 3, no. 2 (June 30, 2017): 14–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.17323/2411-7390-2017-3-2-14-18.
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Relative Clause has been discussed as a subordinate clause used to qualify a noun. It narrows down the meaning of the noun it qualifies. A relative clause marker tí is inserted to accomplish the noun qualified having coded in the sentence initially in Yoruba language on the one hand. On the other hand, a conditional clause in Yoruba language is introduced with tí-clause by coding it in the sentence initially as well. The paper focuses on relative clause and conditional clause constructions in the Ìyàgbà dialect of Yoruba; a regional dialect in the north-east Yoruba. The author observes that though there are many scholarly works on the relative and conditional clause constructions in the Yoruba language, attention has not been paid to the relative and conditional clause constructions in the dialects of Yoruba. The data were collected from the informants from these dialect communities who reside in these communities and speak the dialects fluently, and the literature materials on these topics. The data presentation shall be based on descriptive analysis. Findings reveal that relative clause markers in the Ìyàgbà dialect are in complementary distribution; they occur in an exclusive environment. Apart from that, conditional clause markers are not attested in the dialect.
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Friday-Otun, Joseph Omoniyi. "The Study of Reduplication and Retriplication in the Yoruba Language." Journal of Language and Literature 21, no. 1 (March 16, 2021): 198–211. http://dx.doi.org/10.24071/joll.v21i1.2933.
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The Yoruba language, a regional lingua franca in Nigeria, which belongs to the Kwa sub-family of Kordofanian phylum of the larger African language family, is spoken in Nigeria, Togo, Ghana, Liberia, Brazil, Cuba, etc. The language attests a very productive feature of reduplication which has attracted the attention of many scholars. But its extended form, tagged, “retriplication” in this paper, remains largely unexplored. This study examines the form and functions of reduplication and retriplication which are two morphological processes where the former serves as a pedestal to the latter. While applying the participant observation method to elicit data from main Yoruba cities in Nigeria, the Pulleyblank (2009) model, as well as the descriptive and context usage approaches are employed to analyse and discuss the data. The study reveals that while reduplication process actualises intensification, nominalisation, emphasis and comparative qualifying, retriplication serves for more intensification, wider nominalisation, more emphasis and superlative qualifying. The research further reveals that, while all cases of verb and adjective reduplicates can be retriplicated without generating unacceptable utterances in Yoruba, the gerundive reduplicates cannot culminate in retriplication. However, kinship reduplicate allows retriplication when stretched to the third generation. The paper concludes by calling for more study on retriplication in other languages of the world, particularly, African and Asian languages that massively exhibit the two phenomena.
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Ogundipe, Kolawole Mathew. "Effect of Indigenous Language Interference on the Yoruba People Proficiency in English: A Syntactic Approach." International Journal of Systemic Functional Linguistics 3, no. 1 (December 14, 2020): 10–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.55637/ijsfl.3.1.2413.10-21.
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A common phenomenon in a multilingual nation, especially a nation where a second language exists among different native languages, is the ‘linguistic interference’ which impedes effective communication among the people that use such a second language. This issue could be attributed to the fact that the second language users do not have all-encompassing knowledge of the rules which guide the use of the language. This research takes a run at finding out the effect of interference of indigenous language on proficiency in English (in both oral and written communications) among Yoruba People in Nigeria. This study focuses on the linguistic interference which usually occurs at the syntactic level of the indigenous language (Yoruba) and the Nigerian ‘lingua franca’ (English). The research adopts a descriptive survey method and error analysis approach for data analysis. The findings of this study show that the second language users of English bring the knowledge of the rules and features of their native languages into existence in the use of English in communication. This results in ungrammatical expressions in their everyday communication.
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Abdulkadir, Hamzat Na'uzo. "Linguistic Diffusion in the Development of Hausa Language." Journal of Translation and Language Studies 2, no. 1 (March 31, 2021): 82–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.48185/jtls.v2i1.196.
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The purpose of this paper is to prove that intercultural relationship and sufficient contact between Hausa and other languages result in linguistic diffusion or borrowing. The study adopts both the historical and descriptive survey research design, predicated on the need for a brief history of Hausa and the donor languages, and descriptive design to facilitate the use of secondary data generated from textbooks, theses, dissertations, seminar and conference papers. The study traces the location of Hausa people in order to vividly comprehend the nature of contact with the donor languages which effectively bears on the objective nature of the borrowed words. It is in this light that three types of language relationship emerged: genetic, typological and cultural. The intercultural relationship can be unidirectional (English and Hausa) or bi-directional (Hausa and Yoruba). The work provides concrete examples from Tuareg, Fulfulde, Kanuri, Yoruba, Nupe, Arabic and English languages to demonstrate the long contact with the Hausa language. The study finally observes suppressive interference on the structures of Hausa especially from Arabic and English, which have attained second language status in Hausa society, which, again, does not make the language lose its originality.
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Tola, Abubakar Mubaraq. "Language And Culture: Veritable Tools For National Development." Tasambo Journal of Language, Literature, and Culture 1, no. 1 (December 20, 2022): 243–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.36349/tjllc.2022.v01i01.027.
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The use of language depends on the level of effectiveness and efficiency with which it is developed and utilised to determine the development of any individual or society. Every society strives to use its language to preserve its culture, shape its thought and worldviews. The paper aims at identifying how Yoruba oral tradition can be deployed to reflect our cultural heritage, shape our thoughts and conceptual beliefs. Ten Yoruba proverbs and five songs were collected and analysed. Twenty elders from various communities in Oka-Akoko kingdom of Ondo State who are custodians of Yoruba culture were randomly sampled and interviewed. Findings revealed that indigenous language users are influenced by cultural values that help to change their moral reorientation and reduce the menace of social vices in our society and foster national development. The paper concludes that language and culture are veritable tools for national development, especially because of their effectiveness in shaping the speaker's moral values and thus, promoting societal traditional values.
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Ehineni, Taiwo. "The ethnopragmatics of Yoruba personal names: Language in the context of culture." STUDIES IN AFRICAN LANGUAGES AND CULTURES, no. 53 (December 15, 2019): 69–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.32690/salc53.4.
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While the subject of Yoruba names has been significantly explored by previous studies, this paper discusses extensively the nature of such names from an ethnopragmatic framework, with the aim of explicating how Yoruba names are formed, their various cultural contexts as well as the significant functions they play in the Yoruba ethnolinguistic ecology. It identifies and categorizes personal names based on contexts such as family situation, circumstantces of birth, religious orientation, death situation and profession. This paper reinforces that names are not just arbitrary labels, but most notably, linguistic categories – lexical, phrasal or sentential – that have indexical relationship to sociocultural meanings and functions, places, time, people, and events.
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Adefabi, Francis Olayinka. "A Case for Nominalised Focus in Yorùbá." CLAREP Journal of English and Linguistics 1 (October 10, 2019): 185–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.56907/gllqbjha.
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This article examines the syntactic and semantic components of the nominalised elements in Yoruba focus construction. It is motivated by the observation that previous scholars on focus construction in the Yoru bá language have regarded the nominalised version of the Yoru bá verbs as “verbal focus”. However, my knowledge as a native speaker of Yoruba language and a scholar of linguistics suggests that there is an error in this conclusion. With this doubt on the analysis, I set out to comprehensively examine the categorial status of the nominalised constituents in a Yoruba focus construction to resolve the evident dual word categories (noun and verb) associated with a nominalised element in Yoruba. The study adopts the Principles and Parameters Framework to explore an alternative analysis of the focus construction in the Yoru bá language. The analysis, along this framework, shows that the focus in the Yoruba focus construction is on nominal elements rather than verbs as earlier established. Consequently, the paper recommends a change of the nomenclature of the elements from “verbal focus” to “nominalised focus. ” The change will ensure the perfect description of a situation where a nominalised constituent is focused.