Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Yougoslavie – Relations extérieures – États-Unis'
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Gagné, Louis. "REPENSER LES RAPPORTS EST-OUEST: Les États-Unis face à la Yougoslavie de Tito (1948-1953)." Thesis, Université Laval, 2010. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2010/26938/26938.pdf.
Full textCarey, Elizabeth. "L' idée de l'intérêt national américain et l'intervention politico-militaire des Etats-Unis en ex-Yougoslavie : 1991-1999." Paris 2, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA020034.
Full textMorel, Jean-François. "Les tergiversations de la superpuissance : les États-Unis face à la désintégration de la Yougoslavie et la guerre en Bosnie-Herzégovine, 1990-1995." Thesis, Université Laval, 2007. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2007/24185/24185.pdf.
Full textKandel, Maya. "Le Congrès américain et la désintégration de la Yougoslavie : de la chute du mur de Berlin aux accords de Dayton." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2010. http://www.dawsonera.com.ezpaarse.univ-paris1.fr/abstract/9782271076915.
Full textIn the summer of 1995, American policy in Bosnia suddenly shifted course : the decision by President Clinton was due to several factors, among which the vote by Congress, led by republican leader Bob Dole, of a bill to lift the embargo, with majorities sufficient to override a presidential veto if necessary. Dole, together with other members of Congress, had been involved with Yugoslavia since 1989. To understand congressional activism and its consequences, it is necessary to study the archives of Congress from 1989 to 1995, as well as the influence of ethnic lobbying, the media and public opinion. The « Yugoslav » communities in the U. S. Started to organize in 1989 to try and influence U. S. Foreign policy, and they targeted primarily their congressional representatives. The war in Bosnia then provoked an exceptional mobilization in the U. S. In favor of the Bosnian Muslims. It gave way to a new lobby, the Action Council for Peace in the Balkans, which chose early on Congress as its primary target and the lifting of the embargo as its objective. This mobilization is inseparable from the specific character of the mediatization of the Bosnian war, itself linked to the numerous journalists on the ground in Bosnia, the comparison between ethnic cleansing and the Holocaust, and the fact that all actors hired public relations firms to promote their views. American congressmen, constantly campaigning as they are, were sensitive to all of these factors. This dissertation offers a new angle : the view from Congress on the disintegration of Yugoslavia and the war in Bosnia
Hatto, Ronald. "Le partage du fardeau de la sécurité transatlantique : les relations franco-américaines à l'épreuve de la guerre en ex-Yougoslavie (1991-1995)." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005IEPP0035.
Full textThe dissertation examines the burden-sharing arrangement inside the Transatlantic Alliance. Its focus is on the Franch-American relationship during the four years of the war in the former Yugoslavia. If France had some success in bringing its American ally at its sides, thanks to the constraint of alliance effect, it was a half-tone success. Once involved the United-States took the lead leaving aside its allies, including France which was the main contributor of the international community's effort to end the conflict
Afshar, Saber Ahmad. "La politique des Etats-Unis d'Amérique en Iran de 1953 a 1979 : aspects culturels et militaires." Paris 7, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA070041.
Full textFrom 1953 to 1979, the united states america was present in iran. From the pointe of cultural and military view, Iran was dominated by U. S. A. We are going to study these points. On the other hand, we will study the educational system in Iran before and after the revolution for seeing the influence of U. S. A
Finan, Anthony. "Autonomie et dépendance : analyse historique des relations entre les USA et la Corée du sud." Grenoble 2, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992GRE21022.
Full textAmerican aid towards south korea was, after the second world war, the major element of support of the national economy. However, without a global paln of economic development. The aid failed to build a coherent economic and productive structure. It helped nevertheless the state of south korea to survive. The years 1957 to 1965 were of deep transition marked by a diminishing level of aid and a quest of alternative sources of foreign savings. A double rupture is realized : on an external level, the reestablishment of official links with japan and the korean vietnam experience are the main topics. They will open the country to foreigh capital, technology and markets and establish triangular relations with japan and the usa. On an internal level, economy becomes the only goal to the success of which is devoted a very centralized and planning state which will manage successfully the major external constraints. This successful experience in development under constrainte invites us to be critical on dependancy theories and to renew our perception of the state in a developing country
Belin, Célia. "Les chrétiens sionistes et la politique étrangère américaine à l'égard d'Israël : Contribution à l'étude des mouvements théologico-politiques en relations internationales." Paris 2, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA020044.
Full textPiscevic, Alexandre. "Les États-Unis entre globalisation et domination géopolitique : idéologies et stratégies de puissance post-guerre froide : le cas des Balkans (1990-2010)." Paris 10, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA100115.
Full textThe fall of the Berlin wall marks a dramatic historical change and the beginning of a new era. The end of the cold war and a of confrontational bipolarity makes the realisation of a global geoeconomic and geopolitical vision possible. Having achieved the status of a global and lone superpower, without any partner of comparable power, the United States impose themselves as the natural leader of the international community. Their hegemonic power, in economic, political, military and cultural terms, allows for the emergence of a new world order. This period is also marked by a constant humanitarian or security interventionism in regions of transit or production of natural energy resources which are vital for the sustainment and development of a highly technological society. This is the case, among others, in the Balkans, in the Middle East and in Central Asia. The strategic factor is thus integrated to the expression of the national interest and American foreign policy. This study examines the rise of post-cold war United States hegemonism. As a case in point, this hegemonism is analysed through political and military interventionism in the Balkans mainly during the 1990-2010 period, characterized by the disappearance of an important geopolitical entity in Europe, namely Yugoslavia, and the establishment, as some sort of a new iron curtain, of a lasting United States military presence from the Baltic to the Balkans and in all around Eurasia
Hellin, Lai͏̈la. "Les relations économiques, politiques et militaires entre les Etats-Unis et l'Arabie saoudite, de 1930 à la fin des années 1980." Paris 3, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA030121.
Full textThe evolution of the american-saudi relationship on the political, economic and military fields. The way oil reinforced the bilateral links and how politics interfered gradually in this relation, owing to the arab-israeli conflits, especially the israelianpalestinian one. The way the u. S. Congress contributed to lower the american influence in saudi-arabia in the mid 80's by reducing arms exports to this country. It is noticeable to see how oil plays a major part in the bilateral relation as well as security matters
Kamoun, Dorra. "La stratégie politico-économique des Etats-Unis vis-à-vis de l'Afrique : l'exemple de la Tunisie." Paris 3, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA030007.
Full textThe political actors in american foreign affairs are numerous and cause a vagueness in the african politics of the united states. American interests in africa are limited to somes regions. The republic of south africa, the africanhorn and diego garcia are the cil road. Nigeria and the republic of south africa are the privileged trade and investment partners of the united states. The united states could find a remedy to the african debt crisis by investing more in africa and by increasing the trade and the aid volume. Tunisia has benefited from a substantial american aidsince its independance. This aid under donations and advantageous loans made of tunisia an advanced developing country. American interests in tunisia are strategical because of the geostrategical position of this country in the mediterranean sea and economic since tunisia can be an excellent outlet for american cereals and manufactured products
Morestin, Marc. "Formulations de la politique étrangère mexicaine : le rapport aux Etats-Unis (1970-1982)." Toulouse 2, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990TOU20048.
Full textHow does the mexican discourse in foreign policy convey its action according to its objectives ? with the passing of time, a light is shed on the first years of luis echeverria alvarez's foreign action and now it becomes possible to assess it. How did the sre both comment upon and assume the failures (and disappointments that peppered the second half of the presidential mandate ? finally, how did jose lopez portillo manage to keep championing the uncompromissing nationalistic policy which has prevailed since cardenas, while applying more "realistic" and probably less original political methods ? this study, which is more thematic than chronological, entirely rests on a sampling of statements and opinions issued by personalities and commentators of the mexican foreign affairs taken from the press, brochures and magazines circulated on the national and the international level. It deals with the gap existing between action and wording in the perspective of the manifest border-contact with the united states. This work is completed by chapter vi wich appeals to various methods originated in linguistics, semiotics, and social psychoanalysis. Thereafter, a few comparisons made with both brasilian and canadian cases finally lead to infer a somewhat specific mexican foreign policy matter. Moreover when referred to a "baroque" style of international policy leading
Bae-Wan, Gong. "La politique étrangère des États-Unis vis-à-vis de l'intégration européenne." Nancy 2, 1993. https://hal.univ-lorraine.fr/tel-01777046.
Full textThe American force disposes at the end of the Second World War. The many resources which enabled him to help massively the European continent, and then the remains of the world non-communist. The affair in question for USA of restore in Europe a balance, had threatened by Soviet Union expansion. Where the proclamation of the Marshall plan on the economic plan, and on the military plan, the NATO has also for the objective to balance against the soviet force in Europe. But the Europe had found, since the 1960's, as economic power. And the European community has been progressed in a new phase. It would be, as a matter of fact, in the period of the tensions on mi understanding, since the 1970's, between the USA and the Europe. In addition, the Vietnam War had proved the limit of American force. The tensions USA - Europe had dilated on an all sectors of the cooperation, not for just on the trade traditional but also on the world chess - boord where the chofing could increase
Ege, Asli. "Entre États-Unis et Europe : le dilemme stratégique de "l'occidentalité turque"." Toulouse 1, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004TOU10025.
Full textIt is Turkey's westward orientation, which has been ruling this country's opening to regional opportunities since the end of the Cold War, be it in the Turkish-speaking world, in the Black Sea region or the Middle-East. But Ankara faces serious challenges in the reaching of that goal, due to the Ottoman tradition of a strong, centralized State which has identified itself to the nation since the proclamation of the Republic, thus granting the military excessive power in the name of national unity. However, the official ideology's perception of the nation as a homogeneous identify differs from the social reality of Turkey, which contains a variety of other ethnic and religious self-definitions, and from the pluralistic standards of western democracies. In a context, which at the same time still sees, the UE hesitating about Turkey's place in its identity definition the strategic alliance with the United States is both a confirmation od its western identity and a stress on its pivotal geopolitical position as a regional power. Facing its possible exclusion from the European construction, especially regarding security matters, Turkey sees NATO as the main ground for the affirmation of its western identity, even more so given its tense relations with Greece. The unsoved Cyprus and Aegean questions, Turkey's security and geopolitical orientations, the absence of a European vision on global geopolitical matters and the rigidity of its own domestic policies all make of Turkish western identity, between United States and the European Union, a strategic dilemma
Faure, Justine. "Les relations entre les États-Unis et la Tchécoslovaquie, 1944-1961." Paris 3, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA030106.
Full textBellocq, François-Xavier. "Les relations commerciales des États-Unis avec le Japon : une analyse en termes de structures productives." Grenoble 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999GRE21027.
Full textAbdul, Kadir Mahmoud Nadia. "Évolution des relations internationales au Moyen-Orient et la [sic] diplomatie américaine dans le Golfe depuis la fin des années [19]60." Montpellier 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989MON10018.
Full textKhoulif, Zidane. "Relations algéro-américaines et problèmes énergétiques 1962 - 1999 : les contrats gaziers." Paris 10, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA100204.
Full textThese last years, and according to a political diary from now on known, oil made a spectacular return on the international scene. The principal consumer countries are even more deeply concerned with the future of the security of supply. Alter one period of approximately 15 years when the consumer countries managed well, and successfully, most of the energetic revenue, those fear that balance still will Jean in favour of the oil-producing countries. The stop of the production issued in March 1999 and its total respect by the countries of OPEC confirmed the power of OPEC on the market was in clear increase. The saga of the contracts of GNL (contracts between Algeria and the United States) showed the interaction between the total forces of the market and the measurements taken at the national level which, in their turn, had international repercussions. Establishing of a causal model enters the international change (oil embargo of 1973) and the establishment of a defensive policy to the United States led to the bureaucratie and legislative change. The concepts of the reciprocal interaction followed are also the useful analytical tools
Akomolafe, Olusoji. "De l'élaboration à l'exécution de la politique sud-africaine des États-Unis : le cas de l'engagement constructif (1980-88)." Bordeaux 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991BOR1D006.
Full textBenantar, Abdennour. "Le monde arabe dans le "nouvel ordre mondial"." Paris 10, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA100105.
Full textAgostini-Heinrich, Sophie. "La relation triangulaire entre la Chine, l'Inde et les Etats-Unis : De la fin de la guerre froide à la signature de l'accord de coopération nucléaire civil entre les Etats-Unis et l'Inde (1991-octobre 2008)." Paris 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA020050.
Full textCavanna, Thomas. "La politique étrangère américaine vis-à-vis de l’Inde et du Pakistan dans les années 1970." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012IEPP0035.
Full textThe objective of this dissertation is to describe the main components of the American foreign policy towards India and Pakistan in the 1970s. This work is divided in four parts corresponding to the turning points of Washington’s regional diplomacy : The 1971 Indo-Pakistani conflict / The 1974 Indian nuclear test / The 1977 regime or leadership changes in the three countries / The 1979 Soviet invasion of Afghanistan. For each of these components, the objective is to analyze the main determinants of the choices made by the Americans in the region, and to explore the mutual influence of Washington, New Delhi and Islamabad. The ambition of this work is to show the way the United States lost their credibility in both India and Pakistan and contributed to the destabilization of the Indian subcontinent, because of an extremely erratic policy (degree of implication in the area, choice of the local partners, means of influence) and because they often ignored or dismissed the very geopolitical realities of a region in which they had some interest only as far as the latter was a scene of the cold war global struggle for influence (rivalry with Moscow, rapprochement with China…). These flaws had important consequences in the long run, especially with respect to nuclear issues, the rise of Islamism, and the persistence of a feeling of impunity in the Pakistani ruling circles
Mansour, Camille. "La place d'Israël dans la doctrine stratégique des États-Unis." Paris 1, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA010262.
Full textThe study aims at understanding the foundation of the special relationship between the U. S. And Israël and sets out to take it up through an instrumental relationality approach: is Israël a strategic asset or a burden for the u. S. ? The author starts by reviewing the various advocacies pertaining to the question on the internal american scene. He thus deals with issues such as the military services said to be rendered by Israël, the relationships between these services and the question of the arab-israeli conflict, oil and soviet influence, the idea of a u. S. Guarantee to israel and that of alliance. The debate between the opposing advocacies on these issues provides the author with conceptual tools that enable him to infer, in a second part, the u. S. Governmental doctrine from its practice during the last 40 years. Finally, in a third part, the author tries to explain the "why" of the doctrine. Are the reasons strategic instrumental, or do they lie in american internal demands? This leads him to inquire about the validity of imperilism, rational decision-making, interest as non-damage, pro-Israël lobby, U. S. Culture and ideology, as possible explanations. To conclude, he proposes a multiple-level explanation of U. S. -Israël special relationship
Daghrir, Wassim. "La politique des Etats-Unis au Chili et en Amérique latine et son traitement par la grande presse (1969-1992)." Paris 8, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA082274.
Full textIt is often argued that the primary political function of the press is to act as a "watchdog" warning against abuses of power by the ruling elite. In contrast, the other perspective is one that views the press as a "lapdog", a close companion of established power, especially in the foreign policy area where significant economic interests come into consideration. The purpose of this thesis is to try to test, through the study of the mainstream press' reporting on the US interventions in Latin America, whether the "fourth estate" functions primarily as an instrument providing constraints on the power elite, or whether it serves to promote the interests of the powerful. Our analysis focuses on the US interferences, from Richard Nixon to George Bush Senior, in El Salvador (1979-1992), Nicaragua (1979-1990), Grenada (October 1983), Panama (December 1989), and particularly Chile (1970-1973)
Alatassi, Alia. "The instrumentalisation of the environment and the diversionary behaviour in non-conflictual conditions : a case study of the political discourse between the USA and China between 1979 and 2004." Thesis, Université Laval, 2009. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2009/27000/27000.pdf.
Full textMokhefi, Geist Mansouria. "Les Etats-Unis et la guerre d'Algérie." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003IEPP0016.
Full textAzzou, El Mustafa. "Les relations franco-américaines au Maroc entre 1906 et 1956." Paris 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA010589.
Full textThe maintenance of the open-door system in morocco appears as an essential element in the american strategy, since algeciras conference, to conciliate the political and economic interest. This policy is shown by the alignement of the united-states of america in favor of the french "political order" in morroco. Which secures the stability and the economic development. By violating the open-door-system, and by encountering the american businessmen in morocco, france lost this political support. This antagonism between france and the united-states of america favored the independance of morocco
Puig, Emmanuel. "Du "péril jaune" à la "menace chinoise" : sociogenèse de l'objet "Chine" dans la discipline américaine des relations internationales." Bordeaux 4, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007BOR40023.
Full textDepuis la fin de la guerre froide, la montée en puissance de la Chine constitue un des sujets les plus largement débattus dans la discipline américaine des Relations internationales (RI). Il existe en son sein un consensus assez large sur les problèmes posés par cette émergence et les débats contemporains portent essentiellement sur la gestion de cette nouvelle configuration de la scène internationale. A partir de ce constat, notre analyse établit une sociologie historique des perceptions de la Chine dans la réflexion américaine sur la politique mondiale. De la genèse du "péril jaune" (conceptualisé ici comme un mythe politique) à l'appréhension de la Chine à travers le prisme de l'anarchie internationale dans la discipline des RI, les discours sur la Chine ont subi des évolutions historiques séquentielles au cours desquelles ont été élaborés les principes formatifs des représentations contemporaines. Aussi, loin de constituer les produits d'une raison scientifique dépolitisée, les conceptualisations de la Chine dans la discipline américaine des RI résultent historiquement de projets politiques
Boumaad, Abdelhak. "La politique américaine en Amérique centrale, la présidence de Ronald Reagan et le Nicaragua." Paris 4, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA040288.
Full textFoucrier, Annick. "La France, les Français et la Californie avant la ruée vers l'or (1786-1848)." Paris, EHESS, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991EHES0005.
Full textThe relationships of france, the french and california from 1786 (when laperouse called at monterey) to 1848 (the annexation by the united states) are studied from economical, social, cultural and political viewpoints. The french first came to california to trade sea otter furs, to be sold in china, then to buy supplies for whalers or for the french steelements in the marquesas and tahiti islawds. These travelers described the missions, built by the spanish beginning in 1769 to convert indians, and after the mexican independence, they observed the secularization of mision lands which turned california into a cattle breeding country, divided into large ranchos. Being situated at the borders of the spanish, russian and english empires, california held a strategic place, and its harbors were coveted by the united states. From 1836, france too was interested in the future of california, and in 1842 a french consulate was created at monterey. The complex play of the maritime powers in the 1840s ends in 1848 with the annexation of california by the united states. Several chapters deal with the french who lived in california, their origins (social and regional), their trades, their integration and their participation in the political life of the country
Al-Shaqsi, Sulaiman. "La politique étrangère des États-Unis vis-à-vis d'Oman : La difficulté de l'établissement d'une alliance militaire entre les deux pays de 1975 à 1979." Thesis, Université Laval, 2011. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2011/28760/28760.pdf.
Full textDemataki, Glykeria. "Aspects juridiques des relations commerciales entre la CEE et les Etats-Unis." Paris 2, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA020030.
Full textThe e. E. C. And the united states take part in multilateral commercial negotiations organized by the g. A. T. T. And it is in this forum that they develop their bilateral commercial relations. This study covers the general rules governing the totality of these relations, which encompass rules concernign global negotiations, the regimes which control commercial practices and the internal regulations applicable to imports and exports. This inquiry also examines the rules which apply to agriculture and services. The tenor of the euro-american relations regarding agriculture is conflictual, while these interactions tend to be cooperative in the realm of services. On the one hand, the balance achieved from a global point of view as well as the regulatory cooperation regarding services stems from a positive reciprocity that is a negotiated exchange of economic advantages. On the other hand, conflicts occur through a negative reciprocity that is a process of mutual retaliation
Shawi, Manar M. H. Al. "Les États-Unis d'Amérique du nord face au conflit israe͏̈lo-arabe." Montpellier 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988MON10041.
Full textAcross israelo aliance, across military economic's support and politic, the united-states of america do of the israelian-states, the only regional's big power. Paralely, the united-states dont process to the conflict regulation with pacific's manner and arabe's-states; exception to the israelo-egyptian's peace agreement. It's in this sence an america politic's study will be an study model of the states strategie in the world. This study end, in a first part concerning the american politic's structure, we try to give to the readers an answer on the intern and extern's fondment of the israelo-arab's conflict : the impact's element of the soviet-american's conflict, economic's interest, influence groups of the american's pressure, american's opinion and the medias will be an big help. There, the institution frament's study across the presidence, the officy and the assembly, will permit a part, to collect the aptitude and the manner whose the american's supply apprehend the conflict and represant it self it's solution in the stategie frame who include all the stakes in the region. Any way the content of this politic, it's this aspiration toward the domination and toward the conflict pacific's reglement using for to do economic's instruments, militarys and diplomatics, we'll help to light of objective manner, the work putting, of the united-state's politic as for middle oriental's problem. For this to bearing, gave to learm the consequence of the american's stategie to the american's levels international and regional, think who we'll permit to have a look on the future united-state's politic as for israelo-arab's conflict
Cohen, James. "Légitimité et colonialisme : Puerto Rico et les Etats-Unis, de 1898 au présent." Paris 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA010546.
Full textThis study examines the colonial relation between puerto rico and the united states. Three major periods are covered: the first colonial regime (1900-1917); the crisis of the 1930s and its resolution in the 40s; and the current commonwealth status. Processes and problems of legitimation are considered in each period. The study further examines puerto rico's modern history in the light of different theories of development. Finaly, the question of the puerto rican cultural identity is explored, both in itself and as a stake in politics. The conclusion deals with the peculiar conditions under which political pluralism exists in the puerto rican colonial context
Doire, Vincent. "Le rapport de force normatif entre sécurité et droits de l'homme : une étude constructiviste de la politique étrangère américaine de droits humains pour la période 1941-1960." Thesis, Université Laval, 2009. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2009/26249/26249.pdf.
Full textThériault, Dimitri. "Et si Machiavel avait été banquier? : une étude sur l'allocation des prêts de la Banque mondiale." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/31887.
Full textThis research studies the allocation of World Bank loans with panel data covering up to 115 countries over three time periods: Cold War (1973-1990), post-Cold War (1991-2000), and post-September 11 (2001-2013). Among our findings, we show that the more a state receives a large amount of loans by the World Bank, the more it supports the US foreign policy. At the same time, our data reveals that recipients of World Bank loans are on average closer to Russian foreign policy than American foreign policy for all periods under consideration. We argue that these results provide evidence that World Bank’s loans are used to buy and reward supports or abstentions for specific resolutions in the United Nations rather than for all the ones adopted in a session. Our study furthermore indicates that after September 11 terrorist attacks, World Bank recipient countries receiving the greatest amount of US military assistance were also the ones receiving the largest loans by the Bank. Although this supports the thesis that the events of 9/11 led the United States to use the World Bank in their national interests as during the Cold War, we find that the Bank appears to have limited political considerations in the allocation of its loans after the collapse of the USSR and especially between 2001 and 2013. Keywords : World Bank, IBRD, IDA, multilateral development institutions, aid, military assistance, political affinity
Cesari, Laurent. "La France, les États-Unis et l'Indochine, 1945-1957." Paris 4, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA040308.
Full textBased upon American, British, and French sources (privates as well as public), this dissertation studies the impact of the first Indochina war and the Geneva peace settlement upon the relations between France and the United States (as well as the United Kingdom). This is not military history: stress is laid on the world strategy of the two powers. As well as the diplomatic process. It is possible to distinguish five different periods. In 1945, in spite of their anticolonialism, and although they had marked out Indochina as an example for the status of dependent territories in the future, the united states allowed France to reassert its sovereignty upon the peninsula, for they themselves wanted to annex former Japanese mandates in the pacific. From 1946 to 1949, the United States remained neutral in the Franco-Vietminh war, for they were anti-communist as well as anticolonialist. But after Mao’s victory in 1949, the united states subsidized the French war, since Indochina was close to china. Nevertheless, they urged upon the French the necessity to liberalize their policy to ward non-communist Indochinese nationalism. This policy was not very successful, which may explain the behaviour of the Americans from 1954
Hamelin, Patrice. "AMITIÉ, ADMIRATION, DOUTES ET INTÉRÊTS DOMESTIQUES : LES MEMBRES DU CONGRÈS AMÉRICAIN FACE AU CANADA, 1945-1958." Thesis, Université Laval, 2012. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2012/29160/29160.pdf.
Full textZarifian, Julien. "Le Sud Caucase, un terrain nouveau de la politique extérieure des États-Unis : analyse géopolitique." Paris 8, 2010. http://octaviana.fr/document/171343867#?c=0&m=0&s=0&cv=0.
Full textThe two main characteristics of the South Caucasus (Armenia, Azerbaijan, and Georgia) as a geographical region are its rich history and its geopolitical complexity. As a historical crossroads between Persian, Ottoman and Russian Empires, the South Caucasus has often been the scene of their confrontations throughout its history. Since 1991, as the USSR collapsed and granted the Republics of Armenia, Azerbaijan and Georgia their independence, harsh conflicts have appeared or reappeared, particularly in Nagorno Karabakh, Abkhazia, and South Ossetia. The US has only recently been involved in the region and American diplomacy has had to adapt to a difficult situation: conflicts hinder any cooperation that would include the three South Caucasian states; the regimes in power do not always apply democratic and equalitarian principles; and the traditional Eurasian powers such as Russia or Iran do not always welcome the US as they want to maintain their influence in the region. In spite of this, its geostrategic location and the fact that Azerbaijan is an oil- and gas-rich country make the region important to the US and constitute a powerful incentive for it to become more involved there. Although it never officially acknowledged it, its goal is to penetrate the South Caucasus from a geopolitical point of view, in order to gain influence there. The most notable vectors of the influence of the US are threefold: the financial assistance it provides every year to Armenia, Azerbaijan, and Georgia; the military and economic cooperation it has maintained in the region; and the diplomatic efforts it has made to put an end to regional conflicts
El, Khalil Amina. "La politique extérieure des Etats-Unis vis-à-vis du Maghreb pendant les années Reagan." Paris 3, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA030127.
Full textThis thesis shows that the relationships between the United-States and the Maghreb during the Reagan years reached an unprecedented level. This was due as much to the nature itself of Reaga’s foreign policy (re-establishment of the american leadership in the world, containment and roll-back of soviet influence, strengthening of alliances with allied countries, fight against international terrorism) as to the diversity of the Maghreb countries (monarchy in Morocco, socialist republic in Algeria, republic in Tunisia, Jamahirya, or "gathering of the masses", in Libya). In the U. S. Foreign policy, Maghreb appeared, in turn, as a mediator, an ally and a target. Algeria was the first to play a mediation role in 1980, when chosen by Iran to act as a go-between with the U. S. In the negotiation to free the american hostages. Then it was Morocco's turn, helped by Algeria and Tunisia, to be a mediator in the arab-israeli conflict (fez peace plan in 1982, Hassan II - Peres meeting in 1986). This resulted in a strengthening of the links between the U. S and these countries, as the secretary of state, Alexander Haig, was a firm believer of the strategic importance of the southern shore of the mediterranean sea. If the U. S. Had an obvious geopolitical interest in seeking alliances in this area (landing rights on Moroccan air bases, increased military assistance to Tunisia in order to contain Libyan expansionism), these countries also benefitted from them (for Morocco, military assistance and diplomatic support in the western Sahara conflict, for Tunisia, military assistance against Libyan expansionist views). Lastly, the increasing tensions between the U. S. And Libya resulted in Maghreb being a target during the american retaliatory air raids (operations prairie fire and el dorado canyon in 1986)
Henry, Monica Ana. "Vers une Amérique ? : Les relations entre les Etats-Unis et les nouvelles républiques hispano-américaines, 1810-1826." Paris 7, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA070004.
Full textAfter the War of 1812 the United States turned its attention to its expansion towards the West and its relations with Spanish America. Between 1810 and 1826 commercial interests, territorial ambitions, geopolitical considerations and ideological sympathies are all components of the relations between the two Americas. My aim has been to evaluate the importance and the weight of each one of these components throughout the first years of the history of early inter-american relations and to assess the process of creation of an American hemisphere
Djeffal, Ammar. "La politique américaine dans la région du Golfe arabo-persique : 1970-1991." Paris 2, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA020088.
Full textOur work aims essentially at defining the objectives of the american policy in the arabian-persian gulf region from 1970-1991. In this perspective we have found three types of interests : economic interest (oil flows and gulf market), the hegemonic objective (the american predominance in the gulf gives to the united states a mean of pressure that they try to keep in facing their allies and economic competitors, as a main variable to the american hegemony). Last the geostrategic interest is linked to the geographic position of the region. The vital strategic stake that represents these interests necessarly implies that the making of a policy of the region by the united states. Thus the author attempts, in the second part, to study the constants of this policy and its evolution at the economic and military levels during this period, as above mentioned. The analysis of the inner logic of this policy, in many directions, clairly discloses that koweit war, in 1991, had been an inevitable result
Doulcet, Michel. "Aspects de la controverse sur le "déclin américain" à la fin du XXe siècle (1975-1992)." Bordeaux 3, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996BOR30016.
Full textIn 1941, henry luce wrote an article in life magazine saying that the twentieth century would be "to a significant degree an american century". At the end of the second world war the united states was riding astride the world, an unrivalved global power. However, by the 1970s, headlines began to declare that the american era was over and, with it, the most prosperous international economic period in human history. Going into the 1990s america seemed once again to be an ordinary power. Some scholars suggest that the american situation is typical of the imperial overstretch that has occured throughout history with other nations. The most outstanding of them all is paul kennedy, professor of history at yale. Yet, the "revivalists", those who do not endorse the "american decline" theses, put forward the vanishing "world war two effect", i. E. , the idea that much of the relative decline would be simply a return to the norm. Our discussion of this question will endeavor to outline america's changing position in the world from 1975 to 1992
Durand, Pierre-Michel. "Alliance objective, méfiances réciproques : les États-Unis, la France et l'Afrique noire francophone dans les années soixante." Paris 3, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA030064.
Full textThe question of Subsaharian Africa is one of the only few which has not been dealt with within the well-known field of French-American relations. This PhD. Which aims at studying the relations between France, the US and Subsaharian Africa in the Sixties has just be written to fill this historiographic gap. The Sixties are such a crucial time that the US have probably never taken a bigger interest in Africa than then. Following the Bandoeng conference, the rise of African nationalism and the wave of decolonization seem so irresistible that the US start fearing that the entire, huge African continent could become a new frightening battlefield of the Cold War. The US are in a way condemned to look carefully to African countries they prior almost ignored. In fact with John F. Kennedy's access to the presidency, the Americans seem to prefer taking the side of these rising nationalisms than supporting their french allies. Tense, suspicious during the previous French decolonization, as their interests were often contradictory from Indochina to Algeria, the French-American relations in Africa are therefore particularly mistrustful
Cizel, Annick. "Genèse d'une politique africaine et moyen-orientale : les Etats-Unis et l'Ethiopie (1953-1958)." Aix-Marseille 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998AIX10037.
Full textFollowing the inauguration of president eisenhower's republican administration in january 1953, haile selassie's ethiopia witnessed the beginning of an economic, military and diplomatic development which reached its climax at the end of the decade. The ethiopian empire was strategically located at the meeting point between the african and asian continents, on the shores of the red sea since the annexation of eritrea in 1952. Since the end of world war two, it had benefited from a recovery plan rooted in the alignments of the cold war, and motivated by a bipartisan american wish to transform this rare example of african independence into a model for other emerging countries about to break away from colonization. Nasser's egyptian revolution of 1952-54 expanded the interest the united states felt for the oil-rich middle east to the eastern horn of africa, which suddenly found itself thrown into the east-west struggle and the "pactomania" born in the 1940s first in latin america, then in europe and asia. Following the 1956 suez crisis, the middle east resolution of january 1957 (the eisenhower doctrine) considered extending the anticommunist containment ring established by the baghdad pact - whose scope was initially restricted to the near east - to the african continent. As a stronghold in the very middle of this defense area meant to assert u. S. Hegemony over both continents, ethiopia offered a rare example of stability favorable to western interests opposite the growing influence of the "non-aligned" movement born in bandung. A propaganda tool potentially capable of thwarting both sino-soviet and neutralist influences, ethiopia thus became the proxy of american diplomacy when the latter set out to isolate nasser, while the pan-african impetus triggered by decolonization gave the empire its first sense of belonging to the dark continent, itself a new target for u. S. Domestic and foreign racial policies
Bassoni, Marc. "Éléments pour une macroéconomie néo-wicksellienne des mouvements de capitaux : le cas États-Unis - Europe (1980-1984)." Aix-Marseille 2, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988AIX24004.
Full textIn this study, we try to explain two salient facts which characterized the economic relations between the U. S. A. And the European community in the first half of the Bo's : 1 the reversal, as early as 1981, of the americandirect investment position (net inflows of capital); 2 the reversal, as early as 1983, of the American banking position (net inflows of capital). The explanation is managed in a macro-dynamic view, suitable for the representation of cumulative processes. Its analytical grounds draw inspiration from the macroeconomics of K. Wicksell (1851-1926) which emphasizes the instability of the natural rate of interest, a symptom of rough variations of the underlying business expectations (i. E. Rough variations of the state of confidence concerning business). Two key-propositions become apparent after this study : 1 these reversals were due to strong differences of business opinions between the U. S. A. And the E. C. At the beginning of the 80's; 2 the capital mobility between the U. S. A. And the E. C. Strengthened these differences of opinions (cumulative processes); in other words, it enlarged the gap between the us business optimism and the "europessimism"
Laurin, Marc-Olivier. "Les cultures stratégiques américaine et russe en matière de lutte contre le terrorisme." Thesis, Université Laval, 2013. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2013/30332/30332.pdf.
Full textLabbé, Marie-Hélène. "1968-1988 : y a-t-il une politique américaine de commerce avec l'Est ?" Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989IEPP0004.
Full textIn a first section, this thesis whishes to demonstrate the inconsistency of US East-West trade policy ; the demonstration is based on a short history of the period and two specific case studies : the first deals with the grain sales to the Soviet Union, which have in the past oscillated between two extreme positions : embargoes and subsidies. The second case bears on the east-west technology transfer issue and shows how difficult it is to reconcile national security and economic competitiveness. In the second section, we look for the causes of the inconsistency. One finds first the difficulty of calling on economic statecraft in its relationships with Moscow. The Soviet Union has to face the proponents of embargo. The alternative is illustrated by the linkage which is the subhect of a thorough analysis. We devoted special cate to the study of the Jackson Vanic amendment which has never been scrutinized by French political science. The second cause is the polycentrism in decision making which hampered the process. In the third part, we point out the negative consequences of this inconsistency : crossing where Moscow is concerned and tensions within the Western Alliance (with a special study on the pipe line crisis)
Ferry, Claude. "La validité des contrats en droit international privé : France - U.S.A." Montpellier 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988MON10018.
Full textAbout thirty years ago, a so-called crisis of the conflict of laws appeared. This concept expresses, on one hand, the apparition of "rattaching rules of material character" and of material rules of international private law, on the other hand, the development of a new method of conflict, called "functionnalism" by the american scholars, which is revealed in France by the multiplication of "lois de police" and by the taking into account of foreign "lois de police" in a way not related to the rattaching rules. The hereby thesis is aimed at studying, from a comparative and historical point of view, the phenomenon of the crisis of the conflict of laws in the litigation relating to problems of law applicable raising in contracts validity issues. The comparison of french law with american international private law shows that, although prima facie very different, the two systems of laws provide for similar solutions
Mikaïl, Barah. "La politique américaine au Moyen-Orient (1945-2009)." Paris 8, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA083819.
Full textSince their birth and the creation of their official institutions at the end of the 18th century, the United States has been motivated by an imperial temptation that will be strongly reflected in their diplomatic stances. But with the end of the Second World War, the Middle East seems to have acquired a great importance in strengthening the levels of incorporation of the American Imperialism. Obviously, Washington had to deal with this region long before, as it had been proven by the scrolling of American missionaries since the end of the 18th century, the bombing of Tripoli in the early 19th century, or even their investing in oil fields in the first quarter of the 20th century. Nonetheless, the presence of sliding events that will help confirming the American hegemony will come after the formalization of the Truman Doctrine (1947) which followed the Monroe Doctrine (1823), as it will be shown by Suez War (1956), the Six Days War (1967), the fall of the Berlin Wall (1989) and the Gulf War which followed (1991), and finally the September 11 attacks (2001). Indeed, with each of these events, Washington will react by a manner which will strengthen its position in the Middle East, and give it additional reasons for increasing its means in the region as well as, in many respects, in the rest of the world