Relevant bibliographies by topics / Young’s modulus

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Young’s modulus'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 26 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Young’s modulus"

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Kettler, James E. "Listening for young’s modulus." Physics Teacher 29, no. 8 (November 1991): 538. http://dx.doi.org/10.1119/1.2343414.

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Murayama, Yonosuke, Erdnechuluun Enkhjavkhlan, and Akihiko Chiba. "Phase Stability and Mechanical Properties of Ti-Cr-Sn-Zr Alloys Containing a Large Amount of Zr." Materials Science Forum 879 (November 2016): 1344–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.879.1344.

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The Young’s modulus of Ti-Cr-Sn-Zr alloy varies with the composition of Cr, Sn and Zr, in which the elements act as β stabilizers. Some Ti-Cr-Sn-Zr alloys show very low Young’s modulus under 50GPa. The amount of Zr in alloys with very low Young's modulus increases with the decrease of Cr. We investigated the Young’s modulus and deformation behavior of Ti-xCr-Sn-Zr (x=0~1mass%) alloys containing a large amount of Zr. The quenched microstructure of Ti-Cr-Sn-Zr alloys changes from martensitic structure to β single-phase structure if the amounts of β stabilized elements are increased. The Ti-Cr-Sn-Zr alloys with compositions close to the transitional composition of microstructure from martensite to β phase show minimum Young’s modulus. The clear microstructural transition disappears and the minimum Young’s modulus increases if the amount of Cr becomes too small. In Ti-Cr-Sn-Zr alloys containing a large amount of Zr, Young’s modulus depends on β phase that is intermingled with martensite.
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Zhou, Y., U. Erb, K. T. Aust, and G. Palumbo. "Young’s modulus in nanostructured metals." International Journal of Materials Research 94, no. 10 (October 1, 2003): 1157–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ijmr-2003-0209.

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Abstract The interface effect on Young’s modulus was investigated in electro-deposited fully-dense Ni –P alloys with a relatively constant phosphorus content (2– 3 wt%), but with different grain sizes ranging from 4 to 29 nm. Essentially the same Young’s modulus was observed for grain sizes ≥ 18 nm. A noticeable decrease in Young’s modulus was found at grain sizes ≤ 17 nm. The reduction in Young’s modulus was found to correlate well with the increase in all interface contributions. These observations agree with various studies on other fully-dense metals for grain sizes between 5 and 80 nm. Previously reported large decreases in the Young’s modulus were likely caused by the significant amount of porosity in the microstructure.
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Goldstein, R. V., V. A. Gorodtsov, and D. S. Lisovenko. "Young’s modulus of cubic auxetics." Letters on Materials 1, no. 3 (2011): 127–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.22226/2410-3535-2011-3-127-132.

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Mizubayashi, H., J. Matsuno, and H. Tanimoto. "Young’s modulus of silver films." Scripta Materialia 41, no. 4 (July 1999): 443–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1359-6462(99)00175-x.

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Khan, Shah Haidar, and Peter Manfred Hoffmann. "Young’s modulus of nanoconfined liquids?" Journal of Colloid and Interface Science 473 (July 2016): 93–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcis.2016.03.034.

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Anasiewicz, Kamil, and Józef Kuczmaszewski. "Apparent Young’s Modulus of Epoxy Adhesives." Materials 15, no. 22 (November 15, 2022): 8060. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15228060.

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This article presents the results of a study of the properties of epoxy adhesives in an adhesive joint. The study analysed changes in Young’s modulus values as a function of the rigidity of the adhesive and the type of joined material. The values of Young’s modulus values were determined on the thickness of the adhesive joint using the nanoindentation method and in a tensile test of dumbbell shape sample for the adhesive material. The obtained results were analysed in terms of changes to the values of Young’s modulus of the adhesive as a function of the distance from the joined material–adhesive phase boundary and compared to the adhesive material. Zones were distinguished in the layer of the adhesive joint—adjacent to the wall and the core, with different values of Young’s modulus. Conclusions were drawn, indicating the relationship between the adhesive joint thickness and the increase in the value of Young’s modulus. Significant differences were found in the values of Young’s modulus of the adhesive joint compared to Young’s modulus of the adhesive in the form of plastic.
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Luo, Dong Mei, Hong Yang, Qiu Yan Chen, and Ying Long Zhou. "Comparison of the Models to Predict the Effective Young's Modulus of Hybrid Composites Reinforced with Multi-Shape Inclusions." Applied Mechanics and Materials 290 (February 2013): 15–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.290.15.

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In this paper, two kinds of micro-mechanical models are utilized to predict the effective Young's modulus for hybrid composites including fiber-like, spherical and needle inclusions in an isotropic matrix. The two models of Multi-Phase Mori-Tanaka Model (MP model) and Multi-Step Mori-Tanaka Model (MS model) are proposed by the authors in a series of interrelated research. The results show that the shape and the Young’s modulus of inclusion, aspect ratio of fiber-like inclusion are the controlling factors to influence the Young's modulus, and MP model is more rational to predict the effective Young’s modulus of hybrid composites reinforced with multi-shape inclusions.
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Gorodtsov, Valentin A., and Dmitry S. Lisovenko. "The Extreme Values of Young’s Modulus and the Negative Poisson’s Ratios of Rhombic Crystals." Crystals 11, no. 8 (July 25, 2021): 863. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cryst11080863.

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The extreme values of Young’s modulus for rhombic (orthorhombic) crystals using the necessary and sufficient conditions for the extremum of the function of two variables are analyzed herein. Seven stationary expressions of Young’s modulus are obtained. For three stationary values of Young’s modulus, simple analytical dependences included in the sufficient conditions for the extremum of the function of two variables are revealed. The numerical values of the stationary and extreme values of Young’s modulus for all rhombic crystals with experimental data on elastic constants from the well-known Landolt-Börnstein reference book are calculated. For three stationary values of Young’s modulus of rhombic crystals, a classification scheme based on two dimensionless parameters is presented. Rhombic crystals ((CH3)3NCH2COO·(CH)2(COOH)2, I, SC(NH2)2, (CH3)3NCH2COO·H3BO3, Cu-14 wt%Al, 3.0wt%Ni, NH4B5O8·4H2O, NH4HC2O4·1/2H2O, C6N2O3H6 and CaSO4) having a large difference between maximum and minimum Young’s modulus values were revealed. The highest Young’s modulus among the rhombic crystals was found to be 478 GPa for a BeAl2O4 crystal. More rigid materials were revealed among tetragonal (PdPb2; maximum Young’s modulus, 684 GPa), hexagonal (graphite; maximum Young’s modulus, 1020 GPa) and cubic (diamond; maximum Young’s modulus, 1207 GPa) crystals. The analytical stationary values of Young’s modulus for tetragonal, hexagonal and cubic crystals are presented as special cases of stationary values for rhombic crystals. It was found that rhombic, tetragonal and cubic crystals that have large differences between their maximum and minimum values of Young’s modulus often have negative minimum values of Poisson’s ratio (auxetics). We use the abbreviated term auxetics instead of partial auxetics, since only the latter were found. No similar relationship between a negative Poisson’s ratio and a large difference between the maximum and minimum values of Young’s modulus was found for hexagonal crystals.
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Nakai, Masaaki, Mitsuo Niinomi, Xiao Li Zhao, and Xing Feng Zhao. "Young’s Modulus Changeable Titanium Alloys for Orthopaedic Applications." Materials Science Forum 706-709 (January 2012): 557–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.706-709.557.

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A novel biomedical titanium alloy with the ability to undergo self-adjustment in its Young’s modulus was developed. In spinal fixation devices, the Young’s modulus of the metallic implant rod should be sufficiently high to suppress springback for the surgeon, but should also be sufficiently low to prevent stress shielding for the patient. Therefore, deformation-induced ω phase transformation was introduced into β-type titanium alloys so that the Young’s modulus of only the deformed part would increase during operation, while that of the non-deformed part would remain low. The increase in the Young’s modulus due to cold rolling was investigated for a binary Ti-12Cr alloy (mass%). Microstructural observation and Young’s modulus measurement reveal that the Ti-12Cr alloy undergoes deformation-induced ω phase transformation and exhibits the increase in the Young’s modulus by deformation.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Young’s modulus"

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Holzer, Jakub. "Měření mechanických vlastností tenkých vrstev metodou bulge test." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2018. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-387730.

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Main objective of this diploma thesis is to finish a construction of the Bulge test apparatus for measurement of thin films, perform first tests on commercially available Si3N4 membranes and bilayer membrane with aluminium. First part of the thesis is focused mainly on literature review of current knowledge regarding this topic and other methods of thin films testing. Experimental part deals with construction of apparatus, methodology of data evaluation and results of the measurement. The thin films of interest are fabricated as amorphous silicon nitride or bilayer of mentioned nitride and either aluminium, titanium or Ta-B-C layer. The apparatus has been built in house in collaboration with Institute of Scientific Instruments of CAS. Both reliability and repeatability of this method has been tested on over 160 measurements of commercially available membrane. The results of measurements are compared with literature and nanoindentation test. More detailed data analysis is currently under development with colleagues at Institute of Physics of Materials. It has been proven beyond doubt that Bulge test method and constructed apparatus are suitable for the measurement of several mechanical properties of thin films.
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Valášek, Daniel. "Stanovení mechanických charakteristik povlaků impulsní excitační metodou." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2021. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-442844.

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This diploma thesis deals with the determination of the Young’s modulus of coatings using the impulse excitation technique (IET). The theoretical part of the thesis describes Cold and Thermal Spray technology, theoretical foundations of the impulse excitation technique and models of composite materials. The experimental part of the thesis deals with the determination of the tensile modulus of copper coating created by Cold Spray technology. The impulse excitation technique has been used to measure fifteen samples with coating thickness ranging approximately from 0,4 to 2 mm. Results from this measurement were evaluated using five composite models to establish the Young’s modulus of the applied coating. The best results were achieved by using the composite model based on rule of mixtures (ROM).
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Colom, diego Adai. "From eye lens cells to lens membrane proteins : Development and application of a hybrid high-speed atomic force microscopy/optical microscopy setup." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013AIXM4033.

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Je utilise le AFM et le HS-AFM pour étudier les caractéristiques mécaniques du cellule du cristallin et aussi des protéines de membrane de la cellule, AQP0 et Connexon. L’énergie d'interaction de la AQP0 est -2.7 kBT, très nécessaire pour former les microdomaines de jonctions (junctional microdomain). Aussi c' est la première fois qu il est possible de voir des protéines individuel et son mouvement en cellules vivants. La formation de microdomaines est important pour la transparence du cristallin, et le AQP1 ne le peux faire
I used the AFM and HS-AFM for characterise the eye lens and the eye lens membrane protein, AQP0 and connexon.A QP0-AQP0 interaction energy is -2.7kBT, it is important for the formation of junctional microdomains, which keep the distance between the cells lens and lens transparency. this is the first report which is present time the visualization of unlabelled membrane proteins on living cells under physiological conditions. AQP1 can not maintain the lens transparency because it does not form junctional microdomains
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Gupta, Mohit Kumar. "Design of Thermal Barrier Coatings : A modelling approach." Doctoral thesis, Högskolan Väst, Avd för maskinteknik, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hv:diva-7181.

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Atmospheric plasma sprayed (APS) thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) are commonly used for thermal protection of components in modern gas turbine application such as power generation, marine and aero engines. TBC is a duplex material system consisting of an insulating ceramic topcoat layer and an intermetallic bondcoat layer. TBC microstructures are highly heterogeneous, consisting of defects such as pores and cracks of different sizes which determine the coating's final thermal and mechanical properties, and the service lives of the coatings. Failure in APS TBCs is mainly associated with the thermo-mechanical stresses developing due to the thermally grown oxide (TGO) layer growth at the topcoat-bondcoat interface and thermal expansion mismatch during thermal cycling. The interface roughness has been shown to play a major role in the development of these induced stresses and lifetime of TBCs.The objective of this thesis work was two-fold for one purpose: to design an optimised TBC to be used for next generation gas turbines. The first objective was to investigate the relationships between coating microstructure and thermal-mechanical properties of topcoats, and to utilise these relationships to design an optimised morphology of the topcoat microstructure. The second objective was to investigate the relationships between topcoat-bondcoat interface roughness, TGO growth and lifetime of TBCs, and to utilise these relationships to design an optimal interface. Simulation technique was used to achieve these objectives. Important microstructural parameters influencing the performance of topcoats were identified and coatings with the feasible identified microstructural parameters were designed, modelled and experimentally verified. It was shown that large globular pores with connected cracks inherited within the topcoat microstructure significantly enhanced TBC performance. Real topcoat-bondcoat interface topographies were used to calculate the induced stresses and a diffusion based TGO growth model was developed to assess the lifetime. The modelling results were compared with existing theories published in previous works and experiments. It was shown that the modelling approach developed in this work could be used as a powerful tool to design new coatings and interfaces as well as to achieve high performance optimised morphologies.
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Ševc, Jan. "Studené asfaltové směsi s R-materiálem." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-240090.

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The thesis is focused on the use of R-material into cold asphalt mixtures. It deals with cold recycling and with input materials for this technology. It verifies properties of R-material and residues of bituminous binder. It also verifies properties of designed cold asphalt mixtures by the probative controls (indirect tensile strenght and water resistance). Furthermore is focused on the experimental measurement of selected mixtures to ensure more characteristics. The amount of homogenity of R-material, quantity and quality of residues bituminous binder is essential for positive results.
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Quince, Zachery. "Optical coherence elastography for the measurement of anterior segment biomechanical properties." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2022. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/236255/2/Zachery%2BQuince%2BPhD%2BThesis%282%29.pdf.

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This thesis developed a novel optical coherence elastography method to characterise tissue biomechanical properties in the anterior eye. The developed method applies a static force to deform the tissue and combines optical coherence tomography imaging with image processing to track the deformation and extract tissue mechanical properties. This project represents the first step towards developing a clinically viable method to comprehensively measure the mechanical properties of the anterior segment of the eye.
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Tarabeux, Justine. "Prédiction de la polymération et des propriétés mécaniques de pièces céramiques élaborées par stéréolithographie - Optimisation du procédé." Thesis, Limoges, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LIMO0111.

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Ces travaux de thèse portent sur la maîtrise des caractéristiques dimensionnelles et mécaniques de pièces céramiques obtenues par stéréolithographie. L’objectif est d’être capable de prédire ces caractéristiques afin d’obtenir des pièces conformes dès la première fabrication. La stratégie a été de développer un modèle de simulation numérique capable de prédire l’exposition, la profondeur et la demi-largeur de polymérisation, ainsi que le module d’Young des pièces crues obtenues en fonction des paramètres du procédé. Ce modèle numérique intègre le phénomène de diffusion et est calibré pour chaque système à l’aide d’essais expérimentaux. Afin de pouvoir accéder aux propriétés élastiques effectives des pièces crues, un modèle de simulation par calculs éléments finis couplé à la technique d’homogénéisation a été développé. Ce modèle a été validé en comparant les résultats obtenus par simulation et les valeurs de module d’Young déterminées expérimentalement. Le caractère isotrope des propriétés élastiques dans le plan perpendiculaire à la direction de construction des pièces a ainsi été démontré. Sur la base des données fournies par les modèles numériques, une approche d’optimisation du procédé a été mise en oeuvre pour l’obtention de pièces crues conformes. Ainsi, des expositions élevées sont à privilégier pour assurer la faisabilité de la fabrication, des expositions faibles pour assurer la haute qualité dimensionnelle des pièces et des expositions intermédiaires pour assurer une grande productivité. Les pièces denses ont ensuite été considérées. Les propriétés élastiques et la contrainte à la rupture ont été déterminées avec des mesures ultrasonores et des essais de flexion bi-axiale. Une tendance similaire entre l’exposition maximale globale et les propriétés mécaniques a été mise en évidence, i.e. plus l’exposition maximale globale est élevée, plus les valeurs de module d’Young et de contrainte à la rupture sont élevées. Le travail d’optimisation pour l’obtention de pièces frittées en alumine montre que les expositions élevées sont à privilégier pour assurer de bonnes propriétés mécaniques
This thesis work focuses on the control of the dimensional and mechanical characteristics of ceramic parts produced by stereolithography. The goal is to be able to predict these characteristics using a numerical model in order to manufacture parts in accordance with specifications, from the first production. The strategy was to develop a numerical simulation model capable of predicting exposure, cure depth and half width of polymerization, as well as Young's modulus of the green parts obtained, according to process parameters. This numerical model integrates the diffusion phenomenon and is calibrated for each system using experimental tests. In order to access the effective elastic properties of the green parts, a finite element simulation model, coupled with the homogenization technique, has been developed. This model was validated by comparing the results obtained by simulation and the experimentally determined Young's modulus values. The isotropic nature of the elastic properties in the plane perpendicular to the direction of construction of the pieces has thus been demonstrated. On the basis of data provided by the numerical models, an optimization approach has been performed to obtain compliant green parts. Thus, high exposures are preferred to ensure feasibility of manufacturing, low exposures to ensure high dimensional quality of parts and intermediate exposures to ensure high productivity. The elastic properties and the tensile stress of dense parts were determined by ultrasonic measurements and biaxial flexion tests. A similar trend between the overall maximum exposure and mechanical properties has been demonstrated, i.e. higher overall maximum exposure leads to higher Young's modulus and tensile strength values. The optimization work on sintered alumina parts showed that high exposures are preferred to ensure good mechanical properties
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Zhan, Haifei. "Numerical characterization of the mechanical properties of metal nanowires." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2013. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/63475/1/Haifei_Zhan_Thesis.pdf.

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Nanowires (NWs) have attracted appealing and broad application owing to their remarkable mechanical, optical, electrical, thermal and other properties. To unlock the revolutionary characteristics of NWs, a considerable body of experimental and theoretical work has been conducted. However, due to the extremely small dimensions of NWs, the application and manipulation of the in situ experiments involve inherent complexities and huge challenges. For the same reason, the presence of defects appears as one of the most dominant factors in determining their properties. Hence, based on the experiments' deficiency and the necessity of investigating different defects' influence, the numerical simulation or modelling becomes increasingly important in the area of characterizing the properties of NWs. It has been noted that, despite the number of numerical studies of NWs, significant work still lies ahead in terms of problem formulation, interpretation of results, identification and delineation of deformation mechanisms, and constitutive characterization of behaviour. Therefore, the primary aim of this study was to characterize both perfect and defected metal NWs. Large-scale molecular dynamics (MD) simulations were utilized to assess the mechanical properties and deformation mechanisms of different NWs under diverse loading conditions including tension, compression, bending, vibration and torsion. The target samples include different FCC metal NWs (e.g., Cu, Ag, Au NWs), which were either in a perfect crystal structure or constructed with different defects (e.g. pre-existing surface/internal defects, grain/twin boundaries). It has been found from the tensile deformation that Young's modulus was insensitive to different styles of pre-existing defects, whereas the yield strength showed considerable reduction. The deformation mechanisms were found to be greatly influenced by the presence of defects, i.e., different defects acted in the role of dislocation sources, and many affluent deformation mechanisms had been triggered. Similar conclusions were also obtained from the compressive deformation, i.e., Young's modulus was insensitive to different defects, but the critical stress showed evident reduction. Results from the bending deformation revealed that the current modified beam models with the considerations of surface effect, or both surface effect and axial extension effect were still experiencing certain inaccuracy, especially for the NW with ultra small cross-sectional size. Additionally, the flexural rigidity of the NW was found to be insensitive to different pre-existing defects, while the yield strength showed an evident decrease. For the resonance study, the first-order natural frequency of the NW with pre-existing surface defects was almost the same as that from the perfect NW, whereas a lower first-order natural frequency and a significantly degraded quality factor was observed for NWs with grain boundaries. Most importantly, the <110> FCC NWs were found to exhibit a novel beat phenomenon driven by a single actuation, which was resulted from the asymmetry in the lattice spacing in the (110) plane of the NW cross-section, and expected to exert crucial impacts on the in situ nanomechanical measurements. In particular, <110> Ag NWs with rhombic, truncated rhombic, and triangular cross-sections were found to naturally possess two first-mode natural frequencies, which were envisioned with applications in NEMS that could operate in a non-planar regime. The torsion results revealed that the torsional rigidity of the NW was insensitive to the presence of pre-existing defects and twin boundaries, but received evident reduction due to grain boundaries. Meanwhile, the critical angle decreased considerably for defected NWs. This study has provided a comprehensive and deep investigation on the mechanical properties and deformation mechanisms of perfect and defected NWs, which will greatly extend and enhance the existing knowledge and understanding of the properties/performance of NWs, and eventually benefit the realization of their full potential applications. All delineated MD models and theoretical analysis techniques that were established for the target NWs in this research are also applicable to future studies on other kinds of NWs. It has been suggested that MD simulation is an effective and excellent tool, not only for the characterization of the properties of NWs, but also for the prediction of novel or unexpected properties.
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Bo, Arixin. "Investigation of the mechanical and electron interaction properties of layered titanate nanowires." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2017. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/105649/4/Arixin_Bo_Thesis.pdf.

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This project reports first-hand knowledge on the mechanical and electron interaction properties of titanate nanowires which possess a broad range of applications. Using experimental techniques, the mechanical bending and tensile behaviours of individual nanowires are analysed from which a time-dependant recovery and an atypical reversible defect motion of the nanowires are observed. Applying electron beam irradiation, joint formation between two titanate nanostructures is demonstrated with the underlying mechanisms explained. The electron-titanate interaction phenomenon is also shown to be a practical tool for tailoring structures at nanoscale.
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Oumarou, Noura. "La caractérisation mécanique de systèmes film-substrat par indentation instrumentée (nanoindentation) en géométrie sphère-plan." Thesis, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009INPL001N/document.

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L’indentation instrumentée (nanoindentation) est une technique d’analyse des données expérimentales utilisées pour atteindre les propriétés mécaniques de matériaux (dureté H, module de Young E) pour lesquels les techniques classiques sont difficilement applicables voire non envisageables. Ces paramètres mécaniques sont issus de l’exploitation de la seule courbe expérimentale charge-décharge. L’analyse de cette dernière repose sur des nombreux modèles reportés dans la littérature (Oliver et pharr, Field et Swain, Doener et Nix, Loubet et al.) qui considèrent la décharge purement élastique. De nombreuses expériences que nous avons menées, sur divers types de matériaux massifs (aciers inoxydables AISI304, AISI316, AISI430; aciers rapides HSS652; verre de silice SiO2) et revêtus de films minces de TiN et TiO2 ont montré que les propriétés mécaniques (E et H), déduites de la méthode de Oliver et Pharr, dépendent du pourcentage de la courbe de décharge considéré, de la charge appliquée et du rayon de la pointe. De plus, pour un système film-substrat, la technique est en général utilisée pour atteindre les propriétés in-situ du film ou du substrat, alors que la méthode de dépouillement fournit des paramètres composites qu’il faut ensuite déconvoluer. Dans la recherche d’une stratégie simple, permettant d’accéder au module élastique d’un film « dur » pour les applications mécaniques, nous avons fait appel à la simulation numérique. Le code de simulation numérique utilisé, est basé sur la méthode des éléments de frontière. Nos investigations numériques utilisant l’indentation sphérique nous ont permis de mettre en évidence un certain nombre de résultats utiles pour l’analyse des données expérimentales. Nous avons commencé par montrer que aussi bien pour un matériau massif homogène élastoplastique que pour un système film dur – substrat élastoplastique, la relation [delta]=a2/R demeure valable (R étant le rayon de l’indenteur, a le rayon de l’aire projetée de contact). Cela permet de représenter les résultats de l’essai d’indentation sphérique par la courbe pression moyenne F/[pi]a2- déformation a/R . Au début du chargement, la pente cette courbe est proportionnelle au module de Young du film tandis que la pente initiale de la courbe de décharge est proportionnelle au module d’élasticité du substrat. Une relation entre le déplacement de l’indenteur et [delta] , puis une méthode d’analyse d’indentation ont été établies. Enfin, la procédure a été validée numériquement et expérimentalement sur les données issues de l’indentation de divers combinaisons film-substrat (TiN/AISI430, TiN/HSS652 et TiO2/HSS652) avec succès
Depth sensing Indentation (nanoindentation) is an experimental technique increasing retained for the assessment of the mechanical properties of materials (hardness H, Young's modulus E) for which common homogeneous mechanical tests can not be performed or are extremely difficult to perform. The mechanical parameters are obtained from the indentation curve (the plot of the load vs penetration depth during both load and unload). Usually, some methodology reported in the literature (Oliver and pharr, Field and Swain, Doener and Nix, Loubet and al.) are used in order to assess E and H. We have performed a number of experiments on homogeneous materials (stainless steel AISI304, AISI316, AISI430; high-speed steel HSS652; glass SiO2) as well as a film-substrate system (TiN/AISI430, TiN/HSS652, TiO2/HSS652). Applying the Oliver and Pharr methodology, E end H vary with the applied load as well as the percentage of used unload curve retained for the analysis, as reported in the literature. Besides, in the case of the film-substrate system, only composite parameters are obtained instead of the in-situ films properties. In order to establish a simple strategy for the determination of the elastic modulus of a hard coating, we have carried out many simulations using a boundary element based numerical tool. Then a number of useful results have been identified. The well known elastic relation [delta]=a2/R between the relative approach [delta], the projected contact radius a and the punch radius R, remain valid in the plastic range for homogeneous as well as film-substrate specimens. This allows data indentation to be represented in term of mean pressure F/[pi]a2 vs indentation strain a/R . The initial slope of the loading part of the latter curve is proportional to the elastic modulus of the film, while the slope of the initial part of the unloading curve is proportional to the substrate elastic modulus. Our indentation procedure anlysis has been validated experimentally on a number of samples (TiN/AISI430, TiN/HSS652, TiO2/HSS652) after having established a relation between the punch displacement and the relative approach [delta]
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Books on the topic "Young’s modulus"

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Ali, M. El Sayed. Determination of Youngs's modulus by Knoop indentation measurements. Roskilde: Riso National Laboratory, 1988.

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The communicative competence of young children: A modular approach. London: Longman, 1990.

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McCauley, Martin. Computer controlled materials testing package: The development of a package to verify Hooke's Law and find Young's Modulus. S.l.[: The Author], 1997.

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Gale, D. C. The evaluation of Youngs modulus via a laser based optical system for the detection of photo-acoustic waves in rods. Manchester: UMIST, 1990.

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Mneimné, Rached. Réduction des endomorphismes: Tableaux de Young, Cône nilpotent, représentations des algèbres de Lie semi-simples. Paris: Calvage & Mounet, 2006.

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Lee, Courtland C. Empowering young Black males, III: A systematic modular training program for Black male children and adolescents. Austin, Tex: CAPS Press, 2005.

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Ontario. Ministry of Tourism and Recreation. Promoting an active and drug free lifestyle for young people: Coaches module = Promouvoir un style de vie actif et sans drogues pour les jeunes, manuel à l'intention des entraîneurs. [Ontario]: Ministry of Tourism and Recreation, 1991.

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Determination of Young's Modulus of Carbon Nanotube Using Molecular Dynamics (MDSS) Simulation. Storming Media, 2003.

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International Committee of the Red Cross., ed. Exploring humanitarian law: Education modules for young people. Geneva: International Committee of the Red Cross, 2001.

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Foster-Cohen, Susan H. Communicative Competence of Young Children: A Modular Approach. Taylor & Francis Group, 2014.

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Book chapters on the topic "Young’s modulus"

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Keaton, Jeffrey R. "Young’s Modulus." In Selective Neck Dissection for Oral Cancer, 1–2. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-12127-7_298-1.

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Gooch, Jan W. "Young’s Modulus." In Encyclopedic Dictionary of Polymers, 822. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6247-8_12971.

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Keaton, Jeffrey R. "Young’s Modulus." In Encyclopedia of Earth Sciences Series, 955–56. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-73568-9_298.

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Hill, Geoff. "Young’s Modulus." In Loudspeaker Modelling and Design, 28–33. New York, NY: Routledge, [2019]: Routledge, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781351116428-9.

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Gooch, Jan W. "Complex Young’s Modulus." In Encyclopedic Dictionary of Polymers, 161. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6247-8_2739.

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Chen, Y., R. Jayakumar, and K. Yu. "Experimental Young’s Modulus Calculations." In Supercollider 5, 181–84. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-2439-7_42.

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Jouannot-Chesney, Patricia, Jean-Paul Jernot, Joël Bréard, and Moussa Gomina. "Young’s Modulus of Plant Fibers." In RILEM Bookseries, 61–69. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-7515-1_5.

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Niinomi, Mitsuo, and Masaaki Nakai. "Low-Young’s-Modulus Materials for Biomedical Applications." In Novel Structured Metallic and Inorganic Materials, 435–57. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-7611-5_30.

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Cao, Huei-Jyun, Chun-Ju Huang, Po-Jen Shih, I.-Jong Wang, and Jia-Yush Yen. "A Method of Measuring Corneal Young’s Modulus." In 7th WACBE World Congress on Bioengineering 2015, 47–50. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-19452-3_13.

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Chudoba, Thomas. "Measurement of Hardness and Young’s Modulus by Nanoindentation." In Nanostructured Coatings, 216–60. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-48756-4_6.

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Conference papers on the topic "Young’s modulus"

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Ching, Jianye, and Kok-Kwang Phoon. "Mobilized Young’s Modulus for a Footing." In Proceedings of the 6th International Symposium on Reliability Engineering and Risk Management. Singapore: Research Publishing Services, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.3850/978-981-11-2726-7_ctc304s1grr09.

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Chigullapalli, Aarti, and Jason V. Clark. "Towards Measuring Young’s Modulus by Electronic Probing." In ASME 2012 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2012-89155.

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We propose an accurate and precise method for measuring the Young’s modulus of MEMS with comb drives by electronic probing of capacitance. The electronic measurement can be performed off-chip for quality control or on-chip after packaging for self-calibration. Young’s modulus is an important material property that affects the static or dynamic performance of MEMS. Electrically-probed measurements of Young’s modulus may also be useful for industrial scale automation. Conventional methods for measuring Young’s modulus include analyzing stress-strain curves, which is typically destructive, or include analyzing a large array of test structures of varying dimensions, which requires a large amount of chip real estate. Our method measures Young’s modulus by uniquely eliminating unknowns and extracting the fabricated geometry, displacement, comb drive force, and stiffness. Since Young’s modulus is related to geometry and stiffness that we find using electronic measurands, we are able to express Young’s modulus as a function of electronic measurands. We verify our method by using it to predict the Young’s modulus of a computer model. We treat the computer model as we would treat a true experiment by depending only on its electronic measurands. We find good agreement in predicting the exactly known Young’s modulus in a computer model within 0.1%.
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Michlik, Petr, Ondrej Racek, and Christopher C. Berndt. "The Effect of YSZ Microstructure on Young's Modulus." In ITSC2004, edited by Basil R. Marple and Christian Moreau. ASM International, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.cp.itsc2004p1110.

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Abstract The mechanical behavior of nanostructured yttria stabilized zirconia (YSZ) thermal spray deposits was examined and compared to conventional zirconia coatings. Young’s modulus was measured using indentation techniques. The anisotropy of the deposits was estimated by indenting the deposits in the perpendicular and parallel directions to the substrate. Statistical distribution of the mechanical properties was correlated with the microstructure. The effective Young’s moduli of nanostructured and standard YSZ were also modeled by means of 2D eXtended FEM; whereby actual microstructures were assessed. The simulation was based on micrographs by employing a standard meshing program combined with an in-house developed XFEM package, which incorporates the crack structure into the model. The effect of nano-scale features on the effective Young’s modulus were predicted and compared to experimental observations.
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Kim, Sang-Hyun, and James G. Boyd. "Young’s Modulus Measurement of Electroplated Nickel Using AFM." In ASME 2006 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2006-13390.

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This paper addresses a relatively simple method of measuring Young's modulus of electroplated nickel using Atomic Force Microscope. Thin layer of nickel to be measured is electroplated onto the tip side of AFM silicon cantilever, whose Young's modulus and the geometric dimensions are defined from manufacturer. The resonant frequency and the quality factor of the electroplated AFM cantilever are measured by the tapping mode of AFM and its spring constant is calculated using Sader's method. The spring constant of the electroplated cantilever is also calculated by using the laminar composite beam theory. Comparing two spring constants, Young's modulus of the electroplated nickel is determined. The measured elastic modulus of nickel in each time step is in the range of between and the average elastic modulus is with relative uncertainty of less than 5%
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Trník, Anton, Igor Medveď, and Igor Štubňa. "Young’s modulus of alumina ceramics during isothermal heating." In INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF NUMERICAL ANALYSIS AND APPLIED MATHEMATICS (ICNAAM 2016). Author(s), 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4994520.

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Hai, Pengfei, Yong Zhou, Lei Gong, and Lihong V. Wang. "Quantitative photoacoustic elastography of Young’s modulus in humans." In SPIE BiOS, edited by Alexander A. Oraevsky and Lihong V. Wang. SPIE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2252790.

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Ito, Hideaki, Kazuhisa Sato, Atsushi Unemoto, Koji Amezawa, and Tatsuya Kawada. "Evaluation of Mechanical Properties of SOFC Components by Nano-Indentation Tests." In ASME 2010 8th International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fuelcell2010-33158.

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The Young’s modulus and the hardness of single crystals and polycrystalline sintered compacts of yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ), (Y2O3)x(ZrO2)1−x (x = 0.08, 0.10) was investigated by using the nano-indentation method. Together with results obtained by the secondary electron microscope observation and the electron backscattering diffraction analysis, the effect of the crystal orientation on the mechanical properties was discussed. It was empirically demonstrated that the Young’s modulus of YSZ depends on the crystal orientation. The Young’s modulus of YSZ showed the highest value on the (001) surface while the lowest value on the (111) surface. However, the observed anisotropy of the Young’s modulus was rather small compared with predicted one from the single crystal elastic constants in literature. Compared with the Young’s modulus, the anisotropy of the hardness of YSZ was less significant.
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Tillmann, W., U. Selvadurai, and W. Luo. "Measurement of the Young’s Modulus of Thermal Spray Coatings by Means of Several Methods." In ITSC 2012, edited by R. S. Lima, A. Agarwal, M. M. Hyland, Y. C. Lau, C. J. Li, A. McDonald, and F. L. Toma. ASM International, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.cp.itsc2012p0580.

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Abstract Thermally sprayed coatings are usually defined by their hardness, porosity, roughness and wear resistance. Even though the Young’s modulus is an essential property, which describes the mechanical behavior of the coated components during their use, only few efforts were made to determine this property. The most common measurement methods of the Young’s modulus of thermally sprayed coatings are tensile tests, bending tests, and nanoindentations. During the tensile and bending tests a sliding of the splats can occur due to the laminar structure of the thermally sprayed coatings, influencing the measurement value. When using the nanoindentation test, only the elastic behavior of a single splat can be determined because of a minimal measuring volume. However, the Young’s Modulus of thermally sprayed coatings can also be determined by means of a resonant method, called impulse excitation technique (IET). In this paper, the values of the Young’s moduli of thermally sprayed coatings, measured by several methods are compared with each other and correlated to the microstructure of the coatings, investigated by means of scanning electron microscopy.
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Gau, Chung-Yun, and Souran Manoochehri. "Design of a Non-Homogeneous Annular Disk Under Pressure Loadings." In ASME 1992 Design Technical Conferences. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc1992-0131.

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Abstract A method for the design of non-homogeneous, variable-thickness, annular disks under internal and external pressures satisfying Tresca yield criterion is presented in this paper. The effects of varying the disk thickness and stiffness properties to achieve a fully stressed design are investigated. Analytical solutions for distributions of Young’s modulus and disk thickness variations have been developed for the case of fully stressed designs. Examples are given for three different cases, namely, constant thickness with variable Young’s modulus, variable thickness with constant Young’s modulus, and variable thickness with variable Young’s modulus. In the last case, due to the existence of many alternative solutions, optimal design techniques have been utilized and the results are presented.
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Rezaei Nejad, H., M. Ghasemi, A. Shahabi, and S. M. Mirnouri Langroudi. "Investigating the Effect of Stone-Wales Defect on Young Modulus of Armchair Single Wall Carbon Nanotube Using Molecular Dynamics Simulation." In ASME 2010 10th Biennial Conference on Engineering Systems Design and Analysis. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/esda2010-24296.

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Effect of Stone-Wales percentage defect on effective elastic modulus of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNT) is investigated. The Stone-Wales defect is a crystallographic defect that happens in nanotubes and is believed to affect the nanotubes mechanical properties. In order to calculate the mechanical properties of SWCNTs under axial tension, molecular dynamics (MD) simulations using the Morse potential is performed. An in house FORTRAN code is developed and utilized. The Young’s modulus of the perfect SWCNTs and those with different defect percentage is obtained using the classical elasticity theory. It is observed that for low percentage of defect (less than 8%) as the diameter increases the Young’s modulus of SWCNTs slightly increases. However, for high percentage of defect (more than 8%) as diameter increases the Young modulus clearly decreases.
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Reports on the topic "Young’s modulus"

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Ryan P Schultz. Lithium: Measurement of Young's Modulus and Yield Strength. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), November 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/804180.

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Pullammanappallil, Pratap, Haim Kalman, and Jennifer Curtis. Investigation of particulate flow behavior in a continuous, high solids, leach-bed biogasification system. United States Department of Agriculture, January 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2015.7600038.bard.

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Recent concerns regarding global warming and energy security have accelerated research and developmental efforts to produce biofuels from agricultural and forestry residues, and energy crops. Anaerobic digestion is a promising process for producing biogas-biofuel from biomass feedstocks. However, there is a need for new reactor designs and operating considerations to process fibrous biomass feedstocks. In this research project, the multiphase flow behavior of biomass particles was investigated. The objective was accomplished through both simulation and experimentation. The simulations included both particle-level and bulk flow simulations. Successful computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation of multiphase flow in the digester is dependent on the accuracy of constitutive models which describe (1) the particle phase stress due to particle interactions, (2) the particle phase dissipation due to inelastic interactions between particles and (3) the drag force between the fibres and the digester fluid. Discrete Element Method (DEM) simulations of Homogeneous Cooling Systems (HCS) were used to develop a particle phase dissipation rate model for non-spherical particle systems that was incorporated in a two-fluid CFDmultiphase flow model framework. Two types of frictionless, elongated particle models were compared in the HCS simulations: glued-sphere and true cylinder. A new model for drag for elongated fibres was developed which depends on Reynolds number, solids fraction, and fibre aspect ratio. Schulze shear test results could be used to calibrate particle-particle friction for DEM simulations. Several experimental measurements were taken for biomass particles like olive pulp, orange peels, wheat straw, semolina, and wheat grains. Using a compression tester, the breakage force, breakage energy, yield force, elastic stiffness and Young’s modulus were measured. Measurements were made in a shear tester to determine unconfined yield stress, major principal stress, effective angle of internal friction and internal friction angle. A liquid fludized bed system was used to determine critical velocity of fluidization for these materials. Transport measurements for pneumatic conveying were also assessed. Anaerobic digestion experiments were conducted using orange peel waste, olive pulp and wheat straw. Orange peel waste and olive pulp could be anaerobically digested to produce high methane yields. Wheat straw was not digestible. In a packed bed reactor, anaerobic digestion was not initiated above bulk densities of 100 kg/m³ for peel waste and 75 kg/m³ for olive pulp. Interestingly, after the digestion has been initiated and balanced methanogenesis established, the decomposing biomass could be packed to higher densities and successfully digested. These observations provided useful insights for high throughput reactor designs. Another outcome from this project was the development of low cost devices to measure methane content of biogas for off-line (US$37), field (US$50), and online (US$107) applications.
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Cordero, Eugene, and Kiana Luong. Promoting Interest in Transportation Careers Among Young Women. Mineta Transportation Institute, November 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31979/mti.2021.2028.

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Transportation remains the largest source of U.S.-based carbon emissions, and reducing emissions from this source continues to challenge experts. Addressing challenging problems requires diverse modes of thinking—and at present the transportation workforce is not diverse in terms of gender, with women occupying only about 14% of the transportation workforce. This research developed and tested a school-based intervention that uses pro-environmental framing and exposure to women transportation role models to help attract more women to transportation careers. To investigate the efficacy of the intervention, the research team studied control and treatment groups of university students using pre- and post-surveys to measure changes in student understanding and interest in transportation fields and careers. Students in both groups were enrolled in a climate change course, and students in the treatment group completed an additional transportation learning module designed to stimulate interest in transportation careers. The results showed that by the end of the semester, student awareness that the transportation industry can provide green and sustainable careers increased by 39.7% in the treatment group compared to no change in the control group. In addition, student openness to working in a transportation related career increased by 17.5% for females in the treatment group compared to no change in the male treatment group and no change in the control group. Given the success of this intervention, similar educational modules at various educational levels could increase the number of women working in transportation. Should such approaches be successful, society will be better prepared to respond to environmental challenges like climate change.
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E.M. Cikanek, L.E. Safley, and T.A. Grant. Data Qualification and Data Summary Report: Intact Rock Properties Data on Poisson's Ratio and Young's Modulus. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/836525.

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Price, R. H., R. J. III Martin, and R. W. Haupt. The effect of frequency on Young`s modulus and seismic wave attenuation. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), July 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/145360.

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Matera, Carola. Incorporating Scaffolded Dialogic Reading Practice in Teacher Training: An Opportunity to Improve Instruction for Young Dual Language Learners in Transitional Kindergarten. Loyola Marymount University, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.15365/ceel.policy.4.

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Findings from a joint collaborative between the Center for Equity for English Learners (CEEL) at Loyola Marymount University and the Los Angeles Unified School District (LAUSD) to provide professional development and coaching to Transitional Kindergarten (TK) teachers on the Scaffolded Dialogic Reading (SDR) are presented in this policy brief. SDR is a method to enhance language skills through dialogue and research-based scaffolds between teachers and small groups of children mediated through repeated readings of storybooks. The purpose of this brief is to: 1) state the opportunity to ensure Dual Language Learner (DLL) support within California’s TK policy; 2) provide a synthesis of research findings; and 3) provide TK professional learning and policy recommendations that would allow for the inclusion of professional development on evidence-based practices purposefully integrated with DLL supports. Policy recommendations include: 1) utilize professional learning modules such as SDR in 24 ECE unit requirement for TK teachers; 2) include individuals with ECE and DLL expertise in the ECE Teacher Preparation Advisory Panel; and 3) allocate additional funds in the state budget for training on SDR, in-classroom support for TK teachers of DLLs, and evaluation of these efforts.
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Olefirenko, Nadiia V., Ilona I. Kostikova, Nataliia O. Ponomarova, Kateryna O. Lebedieva, Vira M. Andriievska, and Andrey V. Pikilnyak. Training elementary school teachers-to-be at Computer Science lessons to evaluate e-tools. [б. в.], July 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.31812/123456789/3890.

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The study purpose is to develop methodological support for students’ training for evaluation e-tools for young learners and to check its effectiveness experimentally. The module “Expert evaluation of the quality of e-tools for young learners” is offered for teachers-to-be. The determination of the weighting factor of each criterion by expert evaluations was organized. Educational principles, correlation e-tool content with the curriculum, interactivity, multimedia, assistance system, ergonomic requirements are mentioned. On the basis of the criterion rank, the significance of each criterion was calculated. The indicators to determine the level of preliminary expert evaluations of e-tools are proposed. The results are calculated with nonparametric methods of mathematical statistics, in particular, Pearson’s criterion χ2. The conclusion is the expert evaluation has different activity stages, gradually becoming a common phenomenon. Training teachers-to-be for e-tool expert evaluation at Computer Science, Mathematics, English is a complex process.
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Schneider, Sarah, Daniel Wolf, and Astrid Schütz. Workshop for the Assessment of Social-Emotional Competences : Application of SEC-I and SEC-SJT. Otto-Friedrich-Universität, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.20378/irb-49180.

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The modular workshop offers a science-based introduction to the concept of social-emotional competences. It focuses on the psychological assessment of such competences in in institutions specialized in the professional development of people with learning disabilities. As such, the workshop is primarily to be understood as an application-oriented training programme for professionals who work in vocational education and use (or teach the usage of) the assessment tools SEC-I and SEC-SJT (Inventory and Situational Judgment Test for the assessment of social-emotional competence in young people with (sub-) clinical cognitive or psychological impairment) which were developed at the University of Bamberg. The workshop comprises seven subject areas that can be flexibly put together as required: theoretical basics and definitions of social-emotional competence, the basics of psychological assessment, potential difficulties in its use, usage of the self-rating scale, the situational judgment test, the observer-rating scale, and objective observation of behaviour. The general aim of this workshop is to learn how to use and apply the assessment tools in practical settings.
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Kenya: Communities support adolescent reproductive health education. Population Council, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/rh2003.1004.

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Young people in Kenya have limited knowledge of reproductive health (RH) and face many challenges in their transition to adulthood. Chief among these challenges is the high prevalence of HIV/AIDS among adults and its increasing incidence among rural youth. In 1999, FRONTIERS initiated a three-year project in Kenya to test the feasibility, effectiveness, and cost of interventions to improve adolescent RH. The project, implemented jointly with the Kenyan government and the Program for Appropriate Technology in Health (PATH), was part of a four-country study that examined ways to improve knowledge, attitudes, and behavior of adolescents aged 10 to 19 years. The study took place in six rural communities in Kenya’s Western Province. Two sites received community and health interventions. Two additional sites also received a third school-based intervention, in which teachers, peer educators, and guidance counselors were trained to teach a “life skills curriculum” that included modules on RH, sexuality, and HIV/AIDS. Two control sites received the prevailing government services. As noted in this brief, community, health, and school interventions in rural Kenya increased understanding and discussion of adolescent RH, including prevention of HIV/AIDS, and encouraged safer sexual behavior among young people.
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