Journal articles: 'Young´s modulus'

1

Perkalskis, Benjamin S., J. Reuben Freeman, and Alexander Suhov. "Examining Young s modulus for wood." European Journal of Physics 25, no. 2 (February 2, 2004): 323–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0143-0807/25/2/019.

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MA, Dejun. "Determination of Young?s modulus by nanoindentation." Science in China Series E 47, no. 4 (2004): 398. http://dx.doi.org/10.1360/03ye0590.

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Конаков, Aleksandr Konakov, Емельянов, Evgeniy Emelyanov, Ларионов, and Yuriy Larionov. "Young´s Modulus Determination for Case-Hardened Materials." NDT World 19, no. 4 (December 15, 2015): 57–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/23511.

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The issue of strength analysis as well as foreknowledge of component and structure life is of interest at this time for new composite materials. New composite materials and alloys elastic response is often unknown, and standard methods for their determining can not be applied to, e.g. materials featuring surface gradient properties. Elasticity modulus method of examination is based on stepwise removal of part of the material from the rod sample surface or application of a coating onto the sample surface. Each step is accompanied by measurement of the sample lateral dimensions, and density. To determine Young´s modulus, resonance frequencies of the sample subjected to forced longitudinal vibrations are measured using an ultrasonic device. The device principle of operation is based on excitation and tracking of the sample forced mechanical oscillations close to its own frequencies, measurement of resonance peak parameters followed by calculations of the Young´s modulus. To induce and track the forced oscillations in the sample, use is made of piezoelectric transducers attached to damped acoustic transmission rods, while the sample is fixed between pointed rod ends. This arrangement makes it possible to examine also Young´s modulus temperature dependences. Young´s modulus measurement results for case-hardened hard alloy are provided. It is shown that Young´s modulus of surface layers is lower than that of the base material, which is explained by formation of new compounds in the surface layers owing to chemical and diffusion reactions between an alloying element and alloy components. The doped layer extends to 0.45 mm. The results obtained can be used for strength calculations of case-hardened materials, estimation of cohesive and adhesive strength of individual layers of coatings, structure and other physical and mechanical properties of materials.

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Mašlejová, Alica, Atila Drotár, Martin Černík, and Pavol Zubko. "Mechanical Properties of Build-Up Layers on Failed Ceramic Roller." Key Engineering Materials 784 (October 2018): 103–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.784.103.

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The paper describes degradation process of ceramic rollers. Rollers behavior under mechanical and thermal load was evaluated using available methods like XRD, instrumented hardness measurement and compressive strength. The influence of residual stresses was also discussed. The first phase during the degradation crystalize from amorphous silica tridymite, cristobalite and quartz, then due to the contact and pressure of the steel strip to the surface roller iron diffuses and forms fayalite. Measured values of compression strength of roller of 55-61 MPa agree with producer documentation declared minimal values. Hardness and Young´s modulus of buildup phases identified from surface into depth were determined. Wüstite was present up to 100 mm, with hardness 6±1 GPa, Young´s modulus 75±6 GPa, fayalite, cristobalite, up to 500 mm, with hardness 5.4±0.6 GPa, Young´s modulus 51±2 GPa, tridymite over 500 mm, with the hardness 7±4 GPa and Young´s modulus 58±25 GPa.

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Luo, Ning, Hanliang Liang, Tao Shen, and Weihao Yang. "Temperature dependence of young’s modulus of red sandstone." Thermal Science 23, no. 3 Part A (2019): 1599–606. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/tsci180822229l.

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In the underground rock diagenetic process, or artificial excavation in rock engineering, it is possible to make experience in the high temperature. The temperature dependence of Young?s modulus of red sandstone was characterized by impulse excitation technology. It is shown that after heating-cooling cycle the Young?s modulus of red sandstone decreases down to about 90% from the room temperature up to 800?C of its initial value. The significant change of Young?s modulus with temperature is attributed to thermal-induced damages in red sandstone, including the rock composition variation, mass loss, mineral phase composition change, porosity increasing, grain trans-granular, micro-cracks penetrated and disruption.

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STEVENSON, RONALD W. W. "Young??s Modulus Measurements of Gas Permeable Contact Lens Materials." Optometry and Vision Science 68, no. 2 (February 1991): 142–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00006324-199102000-00010.

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7

Anderson, O., C. R. Ottermann, R. Kuschnereit, P. Hess, and K. Bange. "Density and Youngs modulus of thin TiO 2 films." Fresenius' Journal of Analytical Chemistry 358, no. 1-2 (May 21, 1997): 290–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002160050409.

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8

Brožovský, Jiří, and Ámos Dufka. "Comparison of Dynamic Young's Modulus of Elasticity Values Measured by Ultrasonic Pulse and Resonance Methods." Advanced Materials Research 1100 (April 2015): 193–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1100.193.

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Dynamic Young ́s modulus of elasticity can be determined by ultrasonic pulse method and resonance method. Because of the difference in the way of introducing tension into a test specimen, the values of modulus of elasticity differ. Dynamic Young ́s modulus of elasticity measured by ultrasonic pulse method is higher; the difference stated for concrete is 5 to 20%. It was found that the dynamic Young's modulus of elasticity of calcium silicate bricks and prisms measured by ultrasonic pulse method is on average higher by 9.5% than dynamic Young's modulus of elasticity measured by resonance method. If dynamic Young's modulus of elasticity is converted to static modulus of elasticity, this difference has to be taken into account by means of appropriate coefficient.

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Inaba, Seiji, Shinichi Todaka, Yoshio Ohta, and Kenji Morinaga. "Equation for Estimating the Young’s Modulus, Shear Modulus and Vickers Hardness of Aluminosilicate Glasses." Journal of the Japan Institute of Metals 64, no. 3 (2000): 177–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.2320/jinstmet1952.64.3_177.

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10

Rico, Alvaro, Miguel Angel Garrido, Alicia Salazar, Enrique Otero, and J. Rodríguez. "Hardness and Young´s Modulus Determination of Nanostructured Alumina-Titania Coatings." Materials Science Forum 587-588 (June 2008): 478–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.587-588.478.

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It has been generally accepted that a nanostructured material exhibits better properties than conventional ones. Nanostructured ceramic coatings fabricated by plasma spray have been developed for a wide variety of applications where a surface protection is required. Alumina - titania coatings are usually used as protective layers in many industrial applications requiring a high wear resistance during dry sliding contact. In this work, nanostructured and conventional Al2O3 – 13% TiO2 coatings deposited via atmospheric plasma spray were compared. Mechanical characterization was carried out using depth sensing indentation to determine hardness and Young´s modulus of the coatings. Size independent properties can be determined after considering geometrical factors such as tip rounding and indenter deformation. Nanostructured coatings show slightly better mechanical properties than conventional coatings.

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SONG Qing-he, 宋庆和, 刘志强 LIU Zhi-qiang, 杨文明 YANG Wen-ming, 楼宇丽 LOU Yu-li, and 桂进斌 GUI Jin-bin. "Investigation of Measuring the Young′s Modulus with Color Digital Holography." ACTA PHOTONICA SINICA 47, no. 1 (2018): 109001. http://dx.doi.org/10.3788/gzxb20184701.0109001.

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12

Yamada, Yoko, Akira Kawasaki, Jing-Feng Li, Minoru Taya, and Ryuzo Watanabe. "Young’s Modulus and Fracture Toughness of SiC-AlN Composite." Journal of the Japan Institute of Metals 56, no. 9 (1992): 1078–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.2320/jinstmet1952.56.9_1078.

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13

Munguia Cevantes, Jacobo Esteban, Juan Vicente Méndez Méndez, Hector Francisco Mendoza León, Miguel Ángel Alemán Arce, Salvador Mendoza Acevedo, and Horacio Estrada Vázquez. "Si3N4 Young’s modulus measurement from microcantilever beams using a calibrated stylus profiler." Superficies y Vacío 30, no. 1 (March 25, 2017): 10–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.47566/2017_syv30_1-010010.

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Stylus surface profiler has been widely used in order to measure Young’s modulus of silicon nitride (Si3N4) from microcantilever beams. Until now, several Si3N4 Young’s modulus values have been reported. It may be due to incomplete assessment of the microcantilever beams bending over its entire length or a lack of calibration of the stylus force system used in those works. We presented in this work an alternative method to measure the elastic modulus of MEMS thin layers in a rather accurate manner. A stylus force calibration is reported from a calibrated silicon microcantilever beam in order to measure the Si3N4 Young’s modulus. We reported Si3N4 Young´s modulus from three microcantilever beams, with values of 219.4 ± 0.6 GPa, 230.1 ± 3.4 GPa and 222 ± 11 GPa for 50 µm, 100 µm and 200 µm wide respectively, which are in good agreement with respect to the Si3N4 Young´s modulus which have been determined by other methods.

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Tavakoli, H., S. S. Mohtasebi, and A. Jafari. "Effects of moisture content, internode position and loading rate on the bending characteristics of barley straw." Research in Agricultural Engineering 55, No. 2 (June 17, 2009): 45–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/26/2008-rae.

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This study was conducted with the aim to evaluate the effects of the moisture content, internode position, and loading rate on the bending characteristics of barley straw including bending stress and Young’s modulus. In the study, 9 treatments were performed as randomised complete block design with 5 replications. The characteristics were determined at three moisture levels: 10%, 15%, and 20% wet basis, three loading rates: 5, 10, and 15 mm/min, and free internodes: the first, second, and third internodes. The results showed that both the bending stress and Young’s modulus decreased with an increase in the moisture content and towards the third internode position. The average bending stress was obtained as 8.41 MPa varying from 6.32 to 12.41 MPa, while the average Young’s modulus was calculated as 473.88 MPa ranging from 330.94 to 618.91 MPa. As shown by the results obtained, the values of the characteristics increased with increasing loading rate.

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Kovalčíková, Alexandra, Ján Dusza, and Pavol Šajgalík. "Influence of the Microstructure on Macro/Micro versus Nanohardness of SiC Ceramics." Key Engineering Materials 606 (March 2014): 197–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.606.197.

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The influence of microstructural variations on the macro/microhardness, nanohardness and Young`s modulus of liquid phase sintered silicon carbide (LPS SiC) has been observed. In order to modify the microstructures some samples were further heat treated at 1850°C for 5 hours to promote grain growth. The depth-sensing indentation tests of SiC materials were performed at several peak loads in the range 10-400 mN. For a better assessment, the indentation values of hardness and Young`s modulus modulus of SiC matrix were also compared to the hardness and Elastic modulus of individual SiC grains. The comparison of macro/micro and nanohardness showed that nanohardness was significantly higher, generally by 6-7 GPa. The nanohardness of individual plate-like SiC grains was around 2 GPa higher than nanohardness of SiC matrix.

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Balko, Ján, Martin Fides, Richard Sedlák, Pavol Hvizdoš, Sergej Hloch, Ján Kľoc, and Peter Monka. "Wear and Mechanical Properties of Various Bone Cements – Influence of Saline Environment." Key Engineering Materials 662 (September 2015): 147–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.662.147.

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Several bone cements were prepared in two ways of mixing (manual and vacuum bowl). Wear behavior, friction coefficient were studied by ball on disc method. Nano-hardness and Young`s modulus was studied by instrumented indentation. Obtained results were summarized by taking into account their way preparation, antibiotics content and testing conditions. There was found no significant time dependence of saline acting on Young`s modulus and nano-hardness values. Friction coefficient in saline was less than half in compare to dry sliding conditions

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KOTTFER, Daniel, Marián MARTON, Łukasz KACZMAREK, and Mariana Kuffova. "The Influence of the Bias on Mechanical Properties of a-C:H CVD Thin Films." Problems of Mechatronics Armament Aviation Safety Engineering 9, no. 1 (March 31, 2018): 23–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0011.7176.

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In this study a-C:H (hydrogenated amorphous carbon) thin films were deposited on the 7075 Al alloy without an interlayer using a DC CVD (direct current chemical vapor deposition) method with varied negative substrate bias in order to improve the hardness and Young´s modulus. The highest values of films hardness and Young´s modulus were 25.6±3.5 GPa and 140.3±4.6 GPa, respectively. The measured results show a promising potential of the a-C:H coated 7075 Al alloy for low load (up to 10 N) applications.

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Quan Wenwen, 全文文, 康娟 Kang Juan, 阳丽 Yang Li, and 胡君辉 Hu Junhui. "Young′s Modulus Measurement of Metal Beams Based on Fiber Bragg Grating." Laser & Optoelectronics Progress 53, no. 4 (2016): 040604. http://dx.doi.org/10.3788/lop53.040604.

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19

Takata, Hiroshi, Ken Okada, Tadashi Koga, and Hiroshi Hirabayashi. "Relation between Preferred Orientation and Young’s Modulus of Electroplated Nickel." Journal of the Japan Institute of Metals 55, no. 12 (1991): 1368–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.2320/jinstmet1952.55.12_1368.

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20

Hamilton, Kirsten E., and David C. Pye. "Young???s Modulus in Normal Corneas and the Effect on Applanation Tonometry." Optometry and Vision Science 85, no. 6 (June 2008): 445–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/opx.0b013e3181783a70.

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21

Matsumoto, Hiroaki, Sadao Watanabe, and Shuji Hanada. "Beta TiNbSn Alloys with Low Young’s Modulus and High Strength." MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS 46, no. 5 (2005): 1070–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.2320/matertrans.46.1070.

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Kustov, Sergey, Jaume Rosselló, Miguel Lluís Corró, Vladimir Kaminskii, Konstantin Sapozhnikov, Andrey Sozinov, Aleksei Sozinov, and Kari Ullakko. "Magnetic Domain Walls and Macroscopic Magnetization-Related Elastic and Anelastic Effects during Premartensitic Transition in Ni2MnGa." Materials 12, no. 3 (January 25, 2019): 376. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma12030376.

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The temperature and field dependences of internal friction and Young´s modulus are studied using a high-resolution ultrasonic (90 kHz) technique in stoichiometric ferromagnetic Ni2MnGa shape memory alloy close to the premartensitic transformation temperature, TPM, in the demagnetized state and under moderate fields. Several new effects observed like an apparent Young´s modulus softening close to TPM under moderate fields, instead of the hardening outside this range, as well as existing controversies in the apparent elastic and anelastic properties of Ni2MnGa close to TPM are explained by microeddy and macroeddy current relaxations that to date have been disregarded.

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Kuniya, Keiichi, Hideo Arakawa, and Tsuneyuki Kanai. "Thermal Expansion, Young’s Modulus and Poisson’s Ratio of Copper-Carbon Fiber Composite." Journal of the Japan Institute of Metals 49, no. 4 (1985): 291–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.2320/jinstmet1952.49.4_291.

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Zhang, H., M. Singh, F. Zvietcovich, K. Larin, and S. Aglyamov. "Age-related changes in the viscoelasticity of rabbit lens characterised by surface wave dispersion analysis." Quantum Electronics 52, no. 1 (January 1, 2022): 42–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1070/qel17964.

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Abstract The viscoelastic properties of the young and mature rabbit lenses in situ are evaluated using wave-based optical coherence elastography (OCE). Surface waves in the crystalline lens are generated using acoustic radiation force (ARF) focused inside the eyeball. Surface-wave dispersion is measured with a phase-stabilised optical coherence tomography (OCT) system. The Young’s modulus and shear viscosity coefficient are quantified based on a Scholte wave model. The results show that both elasticity and viscosity are significantly different between the young and mature lenses. The Young’s modulus of the lenses increased with age from 7.74 ± 1.56 kPa (young) to 15.15 ± 4.52 kPa (mature), and the shear viscosity coefficient increased from 0.55 ± 0.04 Pa s (young) and 0.86 ± 0.13 Pa s (mature). It is shown that the combination of ARF excitation, OCE imaging, and dispersion analysis enables nondestructive quantification of lenticular viscoelasticity in situ and shows promise for in vivo applications.

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Dai, Ching-Liang. "In situelectrostatic microactuators for measuring the Young s modulus of CMOS thin films." Journal of Micromechanics and Microengineering 13, no. 5 (May 14, 2003): 563–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0960-1317/13/5/306.

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Sakaguchi, Nobuhito, Niinomi Mitsuo, Toshikazu Akahori, Takashi Saito, and Tadahiko Furuta. "Effects of Alloying Elements on Elastic Modulus of Ti-Nb-Ta-Zr System Alloy for Biomedical Applications." Materials Science Forum 449-452 (March 2004): 1269–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.449-452.1269.

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Effects of alloying elements on elastic moduli (Youngs moduli) of Ti-Nb-Ta-Zr system alloys for biomedical applications were investigated. In this case, Ti-30Nb-10Ta-5Zr which is the simplified chemical compositional alloy of Ti-29Nb-13Ta-4.6Zr for biomedical applications has been selected as the basic alloy composition. Each alloying element content of Ti-Nb-Ta-Zr quaternary alloys was varied independently. Nb content was varied from 0 through 40 mass % by eight levels. Ta content was varied from 0 through 20 mass % by five levels. Zr content was varied from 0 through 10 mass % by five levels. Every alloy was fabricated by powder metallurgy processing, followed by forging. Ti-30Nb-10Ta-5Zr with single phase, which is a basic alloy composition, shows the lowest Youngs modulus. phase precipitation in phase has much greater effect on increasing Youngs modulus than phase precipitation in Ti-Nb-Ta-Zr quaternary alloys.

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Hossain, M. A., and A. K. M. A. Islam. "Theoretical investigation on Elastic, Thermodynamic and Optical Properties of Li₃P Ionic Conductor." Journal of Scientific Research 5, no. 1 (December 26, 2012): 33–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jsr.v5i1.12413.

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The elastic, thermodynamic and optical properties of Li3P have been studied for the first time using the plane-wave ultrasoft pseudopotential technique which is based on the first-principles density functional theory (DFT) with generalized gradient approximation (GGA). The optimized lattice parameters, independent elastic constants, Youngs modulus E, bulk modulus B, shear modulus G, Cauchys pressure, Pughs ductility index (G/B), and Poissons ratio ? have been calculated and discussed. The temperature and pressure dependence of bulk modulus, Debye temperature, specific heats, and volume thermal expansion coefficient are all obtained through the quasi-harmonic Debye model with phononic effects for T = 0-1000 K and P = 0-35 GPa. The large reflectivity in the ultraviolet energy region between 7 13.4 eV indicates the material to be a good candidate as coating to avoid solar heating.© 2013 JSR Publications. ISSN: 2070-0237 (Print); 2070-0245 (Online). All rights reserved.doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jsr.v5i1.12413 J. Sci. Res. 5 (1), 33-42 (2013)

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Abdulzahra, Nargis Zamil, and Saad Naji Abood. "Laser Shock Peening Application as Alternative Method to Determine the Mechanical Properties of Aluminum." Modern Applied Science 12, no. 12 (November 19, 2018): 102. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/mas.v12n12p102.

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The structural, physical, and mechanical properties of laser-induced shock peening (LSP) of Aluminum before and after depositing films of different metals (Cu, In, and Al) were investigated. The deposition of single and double films was conducted, and the physical property (density), shockwave properties (shock pressure, particle velocity, and shock velocity), mechanical properties (stress, strain, Young's s modulus, and Hardness) were calculated, Young's s modulus measured of aluminum was measured by classical method (Tensile test ) and by LSP technique, and it was found that the measured using LSP is closer to the standard value than classical method .Single film Cu and sandwich Al / Cu deposited on Al substrate showed an enhancement in the mechanical properties rather than other films, while the deposited films of (In, In / Cu, and Al /In) on Al substrate revealed more strain and higher ductility than others.

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Kishore, Natarajan, Veerappan Nagarajan, and Ramanathan Chandiramouli. "Mechanical properties and band structure of CdSe and CdTe nanostructures at high pressure - a first-principles study." Processing and Application of Ceramics 13, no. 2 (2019): 124–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/pac1902124k.

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First-principles calculations for CdSe and CdTe nanostructures were carried out to study their mechanical properties and band structure under the uniaxial pressure range of 0 to 50GPa. It was presumed that the CdSe and CdTe nanostructures exist in the zinc-blende phase under high pressure. The mechanical properties, such as elastic constants, bulk modulus, shear modulus and Young?s modulus, were explored. Furthermore, Cauchy pressure, Poisson?s ratio and Pugh?s criterion were studied under high pressure for both CdSe and CdTe nanostructures, and the results show that they exhibit ductile property. The band structure studies of CdSe and CdTe were also investigated. The findings show that the mechanical properties and the band structures of CdSe and CdTe can be tailored with high pressure.

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Modi, Kunal B., Suraj J. Shah, Chetan R. Kathad, Devangi K. Sonigra, Hardik P. Parmar, and Kamlakar M. Jadhav. "On the Relationship between Structural-Elastic Properties of Co-Zn Ferrites at 300 K." Advanced Materials Research 1141 (August 2016): 147–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1141.147.

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The structural - elastic properties correlations have been studied for polycrystalline spinel ferrite system, ZnxCo1-xFe2O4, x = 0.0-0.6, at 300 K. The cation distribution formulae determined from X-ray diffraction line intensity calculations are used to calculate bulk modulus (Ko) in particular and Young′s modulus (E0), rigidity modulus (G0), longitudinal modulus (L0) and Lame′s constant (λL0) in general. The longitudinal wave velocity (Vl0) and transverse wave velocity (Vso) computed from empirical relation based on X-ray density and mean atomic weight is used to calculate L0 and G0 respectively. The applicability of the heterogeneous metal mixture rule for theoretical estimation of elastic constants has been tested. The results are compared with elastic moduli determined from conventional ultrasonic pulse transmission technique and causes for the observed difference between the two have been discussed.

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Dhar Badgayan, Nitesh, Santosh Kumar Sahu, Sutanu Samanta, and Pattela Srinivasa Rama Sreekanth. "Assessment of Bulk Mechanical Properties of HDPE Hybrid Composite Filled with 1D/2D Nanofiller System." Materials Science Forum 917 (March 2018): 12–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.917.12.

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Current work reports on evaluation of bulk mechanical properties of High Density Polyethylene (HDPE) reinforced with functionalized 1D (Multi Walled Carbon Nanotubes- (MWCNTs) and 2D (hexagonal-Boron Nitride Nanoplatelets-(h-BNNPs) fillers. Mechanical mixing and injection moulding technique was used to prepare the composites. Evaluation of bulk mechanical properties like hardness, yield stress, fracture stress, impact toughness and Young`s modulus was carried out. The optimum properties were exhibited by HDPE/0.25 MWCNT/0.1 BNNP. Hardness, yield stress, fracture stress, impact toughness and Young`s modulus was observed to increase by 93.84, 80.83, 59.23, 115 and 42.05% on comparison with pure HDPE. TEM images confirm the tubular and hexagonal morphology of MWCNT and h-BNNP. It is concluded from test results that addition of MWCNT and h-BNNP into HDPE has improvised mechanical properties.

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Draghici, Sorin, Horia Alexandru Petrescu, and Anton Hadar. "On Obtaining the Young Modulus from Numerical Analysis of Composite Material Constituent." Materiale Plastice 55, no. 4 (December 30, 2018): 712–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.37358/mp.18.4.5107.

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Importance and use of composite materials are no longer a subject that should be emphasized. They offer a successful replacement for classical materials in most areas of engineering, conferring similar elastic-mechanical properties to metal or non-metal alloys with several advantages such as reduced mass, chemical resistance etc. Considering this, knowledge of the elastic-mechanical characteristics is of utmost importance. The present article aims to create a finite element model that can predict the longitudinal elastic modulus of a double-layered composite material based on the elastic characteristics of its constituents. For this, the elastic characteristics of the constituents were determined, then used in the finite element analysis thus obtaining the Young�s modulus for the numerical composite material. Also, the longitudinal elastic modulus of the resultant composite was determined experimentally. The results of the finite element model were compared with experimental values.

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Kumai, Shinji, Gosuke Wakana, Susumu Onaka, Masaharu Kato, and Akikazu Sato. "Anisotropy in Young’s Modulus of Cold Rolled Cu-15 mass%Cr Composites." Journal of the Japan Institute of Metals 67, no. 6 (2003): 324–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.2320/jinstmet1952.67.6_324.

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OSTROWSKI, T., A. ZIEGLER, R. K. BORDIA, and J. ROEDEL. "ChemInform Abstract: Evolution of Young′s Modulus, Strength, and Microstructure During Liquid-Phase Sintering." ChemInform 29, no. 38 (June 19, 2010): no. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chin.199838010.

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OHTSUKI, Atsumi, and Katsunori HAYASHI. "A New Measuring method of Young s modulus of a Flexible Multi-Layered Beam." Proceedings of Conference of Chugoku-Shikoku Branch 2004.I (2004): 47–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmecs.2004.i.47.

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Si, Qing Zong, Xiao Li An, Zhen Guo Wang, Ming Xi Li, Bao Pin Zhang, and Bin Liu. "Microstructures and Mechanical Characteristics of Enamel and Dentin of Primary and Permanent Teeth." Advanced Materials Research 658 (January 2013): 67–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.658.67.

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Objective: To investigate the microstructures and mechanical characteristics of enamel and dentin of primary and permanent teeth by AFM, analyze their relationships and provide information for bionics and designs of dental materials. Methods: After embedding, cutting and grinding, 10 primary teeth and 10 permanent teeth were randomly divided into four groups. The morphology of samples was obtained by AFM and the roughness and Young’s modulus were calculated by JPK DP Data processing version 4.0 software. Results: In permanent teeth groups, the enamel rods arrange more tightly than those in primary teeth groups. The roughness of primary enamel （1203±39.5nm）was higher than permanent teeth（954.6±30.5nm）.The Young′s modulus of enamel in primary teeth（80.4±7.7GPa）was lower than permanent teeth（90.8±2.2GPa）. The roughness of dentin in primary teeth （1695±67.6nm）is higher than permanent teeth （1210±45.3nm）and the Young′s modulus of dentin in primary teeth（19.8±1.9 GPa）was lower than the permanent teeth （23.1±1.0 GPa）. Conclusions: The mechanical characteristics of primary and permanent teeth are closely related to their microstructures.

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Engel, Benedikt, Tilmann Beck, Nadine Moch, Hanno Gottschalk, and Sebastian Schmitz. "Effect of local anisotropy on fatigue crack initiation in a coarse grained nickel-base superalloy." MATEC Web of Conferences 165 (2018): 04004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201816504004.

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In the present work, theoretical approaches, based on grain orientation dependent Young’s modulus and Schmid factor are used to describe the influence of local grain orientation on crack initiation behaviour of the coarse grained nickel base superalloy René80. Especially for strongly anisotropic crystal structures with large grain size, such as the investigated material, the local elastic properties must be taken into account for assessment of fatigue crack initiation. With an extension of Schmid’s law, the resulting shear stress amplitude, which triggers local cyclic plastic deformation, can be calculated depending on local Young`s modulus and Schmid factor. A Monte Carlo simulation with 100,000 samples shows how random grain orientation affects these parameters. Furthermore, the product of Young`s modulus and Schmid factor (called E·m) is used as a parameter to determine how grain orientation influences resulting shear stress amplitude for given total strain amplitude. In addition to the theoretical work using that approach, this model is also validated using isothermal LCF experiments by determining local grain orientation influence on the crack initiation site using SEM-EBSD analyses.

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38

Wang, J., Y. Du, X. Tao, Y. Ouyang, L. Zhang, Q. Chen, and A. Engström. "First-principles generated mechanical property database for multi-component Al alloys: Focusing on Al-rich corner." Journal of Mining and Metallurgy, Section B: Metallurgy 53, no. 1 (2017): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/jmmb160304031w.

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Systematic first-principles calculations of the single crystal elastic stiffness constants (cij?s) and the polycrystalline aggregates including bulk modulus (B), shear modulus (G), Young?s modulus (E) have been performed for series binary and ternary Al compounds at 0 K. In addition, the temperature-dependent elastic properties for some technologically important phases are calculated. The cij?s are calculated by means of an efficient strain-stress method. Phonon density of states or Debye model is employed to calculate the linear thermal expansion, which is then used to calculate the temperature dependence of elastic properties. The calculated temperature-dependent elastic properties are compiled in the format of CALPHAD (CALculation of PHAse Diagram) type formula. The presently computed elastic properties for Al compounds are needed for simulation of microstructure evolution of commercial Al alloys during series of processing route.

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39

García-Aladín, María Fernanda, Humberto García, Juan Manuel Mosquera, and José Jaime García. "The Importance of Shear in the Deflection of Bamboo Beams." Key Engineering Materials 600 (March 2014): 87–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.600.87.

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According to the traditional theory of elasticity, the total deflection of a beam occurs due to the combined effect of both the bending moment and the shear force. In isotropic materials such as steel and concrete, the deflection due to shear is usually not taken into account since it represents only 1% of the total deformation approximately. However, in anisotropic materials such as bamboo, the deflection due to shear should be taken into account because it may represent more than 20% of the total deformation of the beam. To better predict the influence of the shear effect on the deflection of bamboo beams, the longitudinal Young ́s modulus and the shear modulus of Guadua angustifolia were determined through the application of repeated three-point bending tests of whole culms and small prismatic elements while aligning their length along the axial direction of the culm. In order to determine the value of the shear modulus, each test was carried out using four different spans. The end results for the culms were: the longitudinal modulus of elasticity E equal to 23525 MPa, and the shear modulus G equal to 298 MPa. Thus, the substantial difference between the Young ́s modulus and the shear modulus confirms the high anisotropy of bamboo, and results indicate that shear deformation should always be included for the calculation of deflections of bamboo structures. Furthermore, the significant differences between these values and those obtained with the small prismatic elements may be attributed to the anisotropy and heterogeneity of the material. However, more tests have to be accomplished to further corroborate these results and find other anisotropic elastic properties of the material.

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Orozco, Gustavo, Laura Villegas, and José Jaime García. "Mechanical Behavior of Bamboo Species Guadua angustifolia under Compression along the Thickness of the Culm." Key Engineering Materials 600 (March 2014): 49–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.600.49.

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The bamboo species Guadua angustifolia is a natural functionally graded material with a high potential to help solving the housing deficit in Latin American countries. Bamboo plantations also play an important role to help reducing the devastation of tropical forests. Many studies have demonstrated the excellent mechanical properties of bamboo along the length of the culm. However, other properties like the strength under circumferential tension and shear are low and the associated types of failure are fragile. Therefore, longitudinal fissures are often initiated in the structural joints which avoid taking advantage of the high resistance along the longitudinal direction. To the best of our knowledge, no study has been devoted to study the mechanical behavior of bamboo along the thickness of the culm or radial direction. This characterization may be crucial to improve the performance of the joints in bamboo structures. The aim of this study was to determine the strength and the Young ́s modulus of Guadua angustifolia along the radial direction. Thus, 27 small hexahedral elements of approximately 11 mm × 6 mm × 7 mm were tested under compression along the thickness of the culm. The stress-strain curves depicted a typical ductile behavior with an average failure strain of 37.8 ± 5.4 %. The failure was characterized by fissures on planes parallel to the fibers and forming angles in the range 35° - 55° with respect to the axis of loading. The secant Young ́s modulus and the radial strength were equal to 44.50 ±9.60 MPa, and 18.50 ±4.20 MPa respectively and there was no significant difference with position along the culm. The initial Young ́s modulus was equal to 96.73 ±52.30 MPa, 37.00 ±24.35 MPa and 48.90 ±7.31 MPa for the bottom, middle and upper portions of the culm and there was a significant difference (p=0.025) between the bottom and middle locations. The high variations of the initial Young ́s modulus may be explained by the irregular form of the surfaces of contact with the testing machine, that were not cut perfectly flat in order to preserve the intact material. These experiments show that Guadua behaves as a ductile material under compression along the thickness of the culm. This property may be used to improve the efficiency of structural joints by applying radial compression.

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Wang, J., Y. Du, S. L. Shang, Z. K. Liu, and Y. Li. "Effects of alloying elements on elastic properties of Al by first-principles calculations." Journal of Mining and Metallurgy, Section B: Metallurgy 50, no. 1 (2014): 37–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/jmmb140116002w.

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The effects of alloying elements (Co, Cu, Fe, Ge, Hf, Mg, Mn, Ni, Si, Sr, Ti, V, Y, Zn, and Zr) on elastic properties of Al have been investigated using first-principles calculations within the generalized gradient approximation. A supercell consisting of 31 Al atoms and one solute atom is used. A good agreement is obtained between calculated and available experimental data. Lattice parameters of the studied Al alloys are found to be depended on atomic radii of solute atoms. The elastic properties of polycrystalline aggregates including bulk modulus (B), shear modulus (G), Young?s modulus (E), and the B/G ratio are also determined based on the calculated elastic constants (cij?s). It is found that the bulk modulus of Al alloys decreases with increasing volume due to the addition of alloying elements and the bulk modulus is also related to the total molar volume (Vm) and electron density (nAl31x) with the relationship of nAl31x=1.0594+0.0207?B/Vm. These results are of relevance to tailor the properties of Al alloys.

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Ghiorghe, Cristina-Angela, Vlad Carlescu, Claudiu Topoliceanu, Irina Nica, Galina Pancu, Gianina Iovan, Sorin Andrian, and Costin Lupu. "Microhardness Investigation of Dental Composite Resins Exposed to Corrosive Environment." Materiale Plastice 56, no. 2 (June 30, 2019): 434–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.37358/mp.19.2.5202.

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The aim of this study was to evaluate the microhardness Rockwell and Young s modulus of a new nano-hybrid and nano-fill composite resins exposed to corrosive media. The study was performed on two composite resins, one nano-hybrid and one nano-fill, enamel, dentine, translucent, respectively body shade, of which were made 20 samples (25.0 � 0.1 mm lengths, 10.0 � 0.1 mm widths and 3.0 � 0.1 mm thicknesses), which were immersed in mouthwash for 1 minute per day for 10 days, the rest of the time being stored in artificial saliva. Measurements of Rockwell microhardness and Young�s modulus on samples were made between on the first day, after 6 days and 10 days of immersion in mouthwash comparative with 0 day. The results showed that after immersion in the corrosive environment, both materials had the hardness values changed, but medium values of Rockwell microhardness to nano-fill composite resin were higher than nano-hybride. At the nano-hybride composite resin, it was observed that the enamel and clear translucent groups had the mean values increased after the first day of exposure to mouthwash, compared to the dentine group, which showed a higher mean value after 6 days. At the nano-fill composite resin, for the enamel and body groups were obtained the higher values of HRC after 10 days. For the dentine group, after 6 days, Filtek Ultimate showed the same variation as Harmonize dentine shade. Harmonize composite resin showed higher values of Rockwell microhardness and Young�s modulus for all study groups compared to Filtek Ultimate.

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Currey, John D., Tomas Landete-Castillejos, Jose A. Estevez, Augusto Olguin, Andres J. Garcia, and Laureano Gallego. "The Young`s Modulus and Impact Energy Absorption of Wet and Dry Deer Cortical Bone." Open Bone Journal 1, no. 1 (October 28, 2009): 38–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1876525400901010038.

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OKUYAMA, Takeshi, Ryohei NIWATA, and Mami TANAKA. "Measurement of Young's Modulus of Stratum Corneum in Finger by Optical Coherence Tomography." Journal of the Japan Society of Applied Electromagnetics and Mechanics 29, no. 1 (2021): 137–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.14243/jsaem.29.137.

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Pereira, Inês. "Overview on Determination of Elastic and Damping Properties of Different Materials using Impulse Excitation Technique." U.Porto Journal of Engineering 3, no. 3 (March 27, 2018): 35–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.24840/2183-6493_003.003_0004.

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Knowledge of elastic and damping properties of materials is very relevant for the analysis and design of components, as they are relevant parameters in the performance of structural materials. The impulse excitation technique is a renowned dynamic technique for measuring dynamic elastic properties as Young´s modulus, shear modulus and Poisson’s ratio, as well as damping properties. This paper provides a review on the applicability of the impulse excitation technique in the analysis of elastic and damping properties of different types of materials.

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Tokarev, O. A., A. V. Demchyshyn, and G. A. Avtonomov. "The structure and mechanical properties of multilayer nanocrystalline TiN/ZrN coatings obtained by vacuum-arc deposition." Processing and Application of Ceramics 1, no. 1-2 (2007): 43–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/pac0702043t.

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TiN/ZrN multilayered condensates on BK-8 carbide tips substrates (62 HRC) were produced by the vacuumarc deposition technique, using Ti and Zr plasma flows in reactive nitrogen gas medium with working pressure of 6.6?10-1 Pa. The TiN/ZrN multilayered condensates consist of TiN and ZrN sublayers, which have a thickness of ~100 nm, controlled by the processing parameters of the used deposition technique. The obtained coatings have hardness of 45 GPa and Young?s modulus of 320 GPa. The obtained results show that mechanical properties of such multilayered composites are considerably improved in comparison to those for the single-component coatings, TiN and ZrN. The dependence of hardness and Young?s modulus of the composites on sublayer thickness within a range of 100 nm was determined. The investigated structure and improved mechanical properties of the TiN/ZrN multilayered condensates would be very good platform for finding their industrial application, such as hard coatings with different purposes.

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Kim, Hae Rim, Naotaka Kimura, Hyun Sik Bang, Byoung Suhk Kim, Yoshimi Watanabe, and Ick Soo Kim. "Mechanical Properties of Metallized Single Nanofibers." Materials Science Forum 654-656 (June 2010): 2463–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.654-656.2463.

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We report that the metallized single nanofibers could be successfully prepared by a combined technique of electrospinning and metallization. The mechanical properties of the metallized single nanofibers were investigated by using recently developed tensile test machine. It was found that the metallized single (polyurethane and polystyrene) nanofibers exhibited higher mechanical properties depending on the thickness of the deposited metal layers. For instance, compared with pure PU single nanofibers (Young`s modulus ca. 170 MPa), Young`s modulus for the metallized PU single nanofibers with Cu layers of 30 nm and 50 nm were increased to ca.610 MPa and ca.750 MPa, respectively. Furthermore, the tensile strength of 50 nm Cu-deposited PS single nanofibers (ca. 3.27 GPa) was clearly higher than those of pure PS (ca. 0.76 GPa) and 30 nm Cu-deposited PS (ca. 3.09 GPa) single nanofibers. The results may be attributed to the formation of metallic hard-coating layers onto the surface of single nanofibers.

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YAMASHITA, Shinichiro, Isamu OHSAWA, Tsuyoshi MATSUO, Xin ZHANG, and Jun TAKAHASHI. "Evaluation of Young’s Modulus and Out-of-Plane Shear Modulus of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Thermoplastics by Three Point Bending Test." Journal of the Japan Society for Composite Materials 39, no. 6 (2013): 221–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.6089/jscm.39.221.

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Karagianni, A., G. Karoutzos, S. Ktena, N. Vagenas, I. Vlachopoulos, N. Sabatakakis, and G. Koukis. "ELASTIC PROPERTIES OF ROCKS." Bulletin of the Geological Society of Greece 43, no. 3 (January 24, 2017): 1165. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/bgsg.11291.

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The aim of this paper is to determine the elastic parameters of some rocks and especially limestones, schist, sandstones, conglomerates, peridotites and granites using a large number of laboratory tests performed on intact rock samples. The range of values for Young`s modulus and uniaxial compressive strength is evaluated, while the relationship between elastic and strength parameters is defined. Regression analyses were applied to define relations among these parameters and the range of values of modulus ratio (MR) is estimated for each rock type.

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Jin, Qinhua, Tie Li, Ping Zhou, and Yuelin Wang. "Mechanical Researches on Young's Modulus of SCS Nanostructures." Journal of Nanomaterials 2009 (2009): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2009/319842.

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Nanostructures of SingleCrystalSilicon (SCS) with superior electrical, mechanical, thermal, and optical properties are emerging in the development of novel nanodevices. Mechanical properties especially Young's modulus are essential in developing and utilizing such nanodevices. In this paper, experimental researches including bending tests, resonance tests, and tensile tests on Young' s modulus of nanoscaled SCS are reviewed, and their results are compared. It was found that the values ofEmeasured by different testing methods cannot match to each other. As the differences cannot be explained as experimental errors, it should be understood by taking surface effect into account. With a simplified model, we qualitatively explained the difference inEvalue measured by tensile test and by resonance test for Si nanobeams.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Young´s modulus'

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