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Journal articles on the topic 'Young tea cultivars'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 18 May 2024

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Jin, Jing, Yi-Qing Lv, Wei-Zhong He, et al. "Screening the Key Region of Sunlight Regulating the Flavonoid Profiles of Young Shoots in Tea Plants (Camellia sinensis L.) Based on a Field Experiment." Molecules 26, no. 23 (2021): 7158. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26237158.

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Both UV and blue light have been reported to regulate the biosynthesis of flavonoids in tea plants; however, the respective contributions of the corresponding regions of sunlight are unclear. Additionally, different tea cultivars may respond differently to altered light conditions. We investigated the responses of different cultivars (‘Longjing 43’, ‘Zhongming 192’, ‘Wanghai 1’, ‘Jingning 1’ and ‘Zhonghuang 2’) to the shade treatments (black and colored nets) regarding the biosynthesis of flavonoids. For all cultivars, flavonol glycosides showed higher sensitivity to light conditions compared

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2

Zhang, Yongli, Kang Ni, Xiangde Yang, et al. "Effect of Fertilization Timing on Nitrogen Uptake in Spring Tea of Different Sprouting Phenological Cultivars: A Field Trial with 15N Tracing." Agronomy 15, no. 5 (2025): 1090. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy15051090.

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Applying a top dressing of nitrogen fertilizer before harvesting spring tea is vital for producing high-quality spring tea. However, the interaction between the sprouting phenological characteristics of various cultivars and the timing of top dressing remains unclear. A field trial was conducted to investigate such interaction. Urea enriched with 15N was applied to soil of the early-sprouting cultivar Jia-ming-1 (JM1) and the late-sprouting cultivar Tie-guan-yin (TGY) on 29 January (early application, EApp) or 10 March (late application, LApp), respectively. The bud density and yield of young

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3

Shin, Young-Hwan, Rui Yang, Yun-Long Shi, et al. "Light-sensitive Albino Tea Plants and Their Characterization." HortScience 53, no. 2 (2018): 144–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci12633-17.

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Albino tea plants are mutants that grow albino young leaves owing to lack of chlorophylls under certain environmental conditions. There are two types of albino tea plants grown in production, i.e., light- and temperature-sensitive albino tea cultivars. The former grows albino leaves in yellow color under intensive sunlight conditions and the later grows albino leaves with white mesophyll and greenish vein as the environmental temperature is below 20 °C. Both albino teas attract great attention because of their high levels of amino acids and the “umami” taste. There have been many studies focus

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4

Kwon, Yun-Suk, Su Jin Kim, Ha Rim Hong, et al. "Morphological and Biochemical Characteristics of a Novel Albino Tea Cultivar (Camellia sinensis ‘Geumda’)." Horticulturae 11, no. 7 (2025): 747. https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae11070747.

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Tea plant [Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze] is an economically important evergreen crop cultivated worldwide. While most tea plants have green leaves, albino cultivars with yellow or white young leaves have attracted growing interest due to their elevated levels of L-theanine, a key compound that enhances the umami flavor and overall quality of green tea. In this study, we characterized the morphological and biochemical traits of a novel albino tea cultivar, ‘Geumda’, developed in Korea. ‘Geumda’ exhibited yellow young shoots during the first flush and smaller leaves compared to the green-lea

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5

Gao, Chenxi, Yue Sun, Jing Li, et al. "High Light Intensity Triggered Abscisic Acid Biosynthesis Mediates Anthocyanin Accumulation in Young Leaves of Tea Plant (Camellia sinensis)." Antioxidants 12, no. 2 (2023): 392. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox12020392.

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There is increasing interest in the production and consumption of tea (Camellia sinensis L.) processed from purple–leaved cultivar due to their high anthocyanin content and health benefits. However, how and why seasonal changes affect anthocyanin accumulation in young tea leaves still remains obscured. In this study, anthocyanin and abscisic acid (ABA) contents in young leaves of Zifuxing 1 (ZFX1), a cultivar with new shoots turning to purple in Wuyi Mountain, a key tea production region in China, were monitored over four seasons. Young leaves produced in September were highly purplish, which

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6

Cai, Wen-He, Xin-Qiang Zheng, and Yue-Rong Liang. "High-Light-Induced Degradation of Photosystem II Subunits’ Involvement in the Albino Phenotype in Tea Plants." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 15 (2022): 8522. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms23158522.

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The light-sensitive (LS) albino tea plant grows albinic shoots lacking chlorophylls (Chls) under high-light (HL) conditions, and the albinic shoots re-green under low light (LL) conditions. The albinic shoots contain a high level of amino acids and are preferential materials for processing quality green tea. The young plants of the albino tea cultivars are difficult to be cultivated owing to lacking Chls. The mechanisms of the tea leaf bleaching and re-greening are unknown. We detected the activity and composition of photosystem II (PSII) subunits in LS albino tea cultivar “Huangjinya” (HJY),

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7

KC, Santosh, Lizhi Long, Qunfeng Zhang, Kang Ni, Lifeng Ma, and Jianyun Ruan. "Effect of Interactions between Phosphorus and Light Intensity on Metabolite Compositions in Tea Cultivar Longjing43." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 23 (2022): 15194. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms232315194.

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Light intensity influences energy production by increasing photosynthetic carbon, while phosphorus plays an important role in forming the complex nucleic acid structure for the regulation of protein synthesis. These two factors contribute to gene expression, metabolism, and plant growth regulation. In particular, shading is an effective agronomic practice and is widely used to improve the quality of green tea. Genotypic differences between tea cultivars have been observed as a metabolic response to phosphorus deficiency. However, little is known about how the phosphorus supply mediates the eff

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8

Feng, Lin, Ming-Jun Gao, Ru-Yan Hou, et al. "Determination of quality constituents in the young leaves of albino tea cultivars." Food Chemistry 155 (July 2014): 98–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2014.01.044.

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9

Zubova, Mariya Yur'yevna, Tat'yana Nikolayevna Nikolaeva, Tat'yana Leonidovna Nechaeva, Lyudmila Stepanovna Malyukova, and Natal'ya Viktorovna Zagoskina. "ABOUT THE CONTENT OF PIGMENTS, PHENOLIC COMPOUNDS AND ANTIRADICAL ACTIVITY OF YOUNG TEA SHOOTS (CAMELLIA SINENSIS L.)." chemistry of plant raw material, no. 4 (December 27, 2019): 249–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.14258/jcprm.2020016065.

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The data on the morphophysiological characteristics of young three-leaf shoots (flashes, the first collection wave) of Camellia sinensis L. cultivars Kolhida and Kimyn, cultivated in the conditions of Russia subtropics (Krasnodar region, Sochi), the accumulation of photosynthetic pigments (chlorophylls a and b), phenolic compounds, including flavanes, and antiradical activity of extracts obtained from them are presented. It has been shown that the Kolhida cultivar is characterized by the formation of larger leaves compared to those of the Kimyn cultivar, as well as a high accumulation of photo

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10

Dong, Fang, Lanting Zeng, Zhenming Yu, et al. "Differential Accumulation of Aroma Compounds in Normal Green and Albino-Induced Yellow Tea (Camellia sinensis) Leaves." Molecules 23, no. 10 (2018): 2677. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules23102677.

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Tea (Camellia sinensis) cultivars with green leaves are the most widely used for making tea. Recently, tea mutants with white or yellow young shoots have attracted increasing interest as raw materials for making “high-quality” tea products. Albino teas are generallycharacterized as having metabolites of relatively high amino acid content and lower catechin content. However, little is known about aroma compounds in albino tea leaves. Herein, we compared original normal leaves (green) and light-sensitive albino leaves (yellow) of cv. Yinghong No. 9. GC-MS was employed to analyze endogenous tea a

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11

KC, Santosh, Meiya Liu, Qunfeng Zhang, Kai Fan, Yuanzhi Shi, and Jianyun Ruan. "Metabolic Changes of Amino Acids and Flavonoids in Tea Plants in Response to Inorganic Phosphate Limitation." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 19, no. 11 (2018): 3683. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms19113683.

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The qualities of tea (Camellia sinensis) are not clearly understood in terms of integrated leading molecular regulatory network mechanisms behind inorganic phosphate (Pi) limitation. Thus, the present work aims to elucidate transcription factor-dependent responses of quality-related metabolites and the expression of genes to phosphate (P) starvation. The tea plant organs were subjected to metabolomics analysis by GC×GC-TOF/MS and UPLC-Q-TOF/MS along with transcription factors and 13 metabolic genes by qRT-PCR. We found P starvation upregulated SPX2 and the change response of Pi is highly depen

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12

Bai, Peixian, Kang Wei, Liyuan Wang, et al. "Identification of a Novel Gene Encoding the Specialized Alanine Decarboxylase in Tea (Camellia sinensis) Plants." Molecules 24, no. 3 (2019): 540. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules24030540.

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Theanine, a unique amino acid in Camellia sinensis, accounts for more than 50% of total free amino acids in tea and has a significant contribution to the quality of green tea. Previous research indicated that theanine is synthesized from glutamic acid (Glu) and ethylamine mainly in roots, and that theanine accumulation depends on the availability of ethylamine which is derived from alanine (Ala) decarboxylation catalyzed by alanine decarboxylase (AlaDC). However, the specific gene encoding AlaDC protein remains to be discovered in tea plants or in other species. To explore the gene of AlaDC in

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13

Muoki, R. C., P. N. Kamau, S. M. Kamunya, O. Kiplagat, and C. Kawira. "Evaluation of Morphological Attributes in Tea Progenies Arising from Gamma-Treated Seeds." International Journal of Tea Science 15, no. 01 (2020): 06–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.20425/ijts1512.

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A key step in characterization of germplasm is the identification of phenotypic variation present in a given population. A study was carried out to determine the effect of different dosages of gamma rays (50 and 100Gy) on phenotypic variation using 21 standardized morphological descriptors of the UPOV Tea Test Guidelines. The trial comprised of open-pollinated seed stocks from six commercial tea cultivars namely TRFCA SFS150, TRFK 303/1199, EPK C12, GW Ejulu-L, TRFK 301/1 and TRFK 301/4 along with untreated controls. Data was collected for three seasons (dry, warm wet and cold wet) using five

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14

Tanti, Amarjyoti, Pranaba Nanda Bhattacharyya, Prasanta Dutta, et al. "Diversity of phylloplane microflora in certain tea cultivars of Assam, North-East India." European Journal of Biological Research 6, no. 4 (2016): 287–92. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.166266.

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The phylloplane is considered as the hostile environment for microbial growth. Phylloplane microflora plays important role affecting the plant-microbe interactions in leaf surface and thereby contribute significantly for beneficial plant growth and disease suppression. Qualitative and quantitative composition of phylloplane microflora depends on change in various parameters such as host characteristics, leaf architecture, chemical environment of the corresponding leaf surface and altering micro and macro climatic conditions. In the present investigation, the qualitative and quantitative estima

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15

Dutta, J., S. Gupta, D. Thakur, and P. J. Handique. "First Report of Nigrospora Leaf Blight on Tea Caused by Nigrospora sphaerica in India." Plant Disease 99, no. 3 (2015): 417. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-05-14-0545-pdn.

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Tea [Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze] is an economically important non-alcoholic caffeine-containing beverage crop widely cultivated for leaves in India, especially in the Darjeeling district of West Bengal. In May 2012, distinct blight symptoms were observed on leaves of popular tea cultivars AV-2, Tukdah 78, Rungli Rungliot 17/144, and Bannockburn 157 in commercial tea estates of the Darjeeling district. This disease reduces yield and quality of the leaves. The initial symptoms were frequently observed on the young leaf margins and apices. Foliar symptoms are characterized by grayish to bro

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16

Aktar, Shirin, Peixian Bai, Liubin Wang, et al. "Identification of a BAHD Acyltransferase Gene Involved in Plant Growth and Secondary Metabolism in Tea Plants." Plants 11, no. 19 (2022): 2483. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants11192483.

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Plant acyl-CoA dominated acyltransferases (named BAHD) comprise a large appointed protein superfamily and play varied roles in plant secondary metabolism like synthesis of modified anthocyanins, flavonoids, volatile esters, etc. Tea (Camellia sinensis) is an important non-alcoholic medicinal and fragrancy plant synthesizing different secondary metabolites, including flavonoids. In the tea (C.A sinensis) cultivar Longjing 43 (LJ43), eight samples were performed into three groups for transcriptome analysis under three biological replications. Among the BAHD acyltransferase genes in tea cultivars

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17

Xu, Cunbin, Jinling Li, Hualei Wang, Huijuan Liu, Zhihai Yu, and Zhi Zhao. "Whole-Transcriptome Sequencing Reveals a ceRNA Regulatory Network Associated with the Process of Periodic Albinism under Low Temperature in Baiye No. 1 (Camellia sinensis)." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, no. 8 (2023): 7162. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms24087162.

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The young shoots of the tea plant Baiye No. 1 display an albino phenotype in the early spring under low environmental temperatures, and the leaves re-green like those of common tea cultivars during the warm season. Periodic albinism is precisely regulated by a complex gene network that leads to metabolic differences and enhances the nutritional value of tea leaves. Here, we identified messenger RNAs (mRNAs), long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), circular RNAs (circRNAs), and microRNAs (miRNAs) to construct competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) regulatory networks. We performed whole-transcriptome sequenci

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18

Ngoc, Hoang Thi Huyen, Tran Thi Thuy Van, Nguyen Manh Ha, Nguyen Quoc Binh, and Mai Thanh Tan. "Bioclimatic assessments for tea cultivation in Western Nghe An." VIETNAM JOURNAL OF EARTH SCIENCES 41, no. 1 (2019): 81–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.15625/0866-7187/41/1/13586.

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Bioclimatology is applied for growing tea in the West of Nghe An province, where the tea is considered as a high economic efficient plant to be priorly cultivated for reducing poverty and getting rich. Based on the bioclimatic characteristics of tea plant and regional climatic data from 1980 to 2014, the bioclimatic diagrams are built and the tea cultivability is mapped in term of annual average temperature and total precipitation, for this region with regarding its district of Con Cuong as an analytical key. The climate, including both temperature and precipitation, in Con Cuong is relatively

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19

Wu, Y. F., A. S. Cheng, C. H. Lin, and C. Y. Chen. "First Report of Bacterial Wilt Caused by Ralstonia solanacearum on Roselle in Taiwan." Plant Disease 97, no. 10 (2013): 1375. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-02-13-0186-pdn.

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Roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) is a herbaceous plant belonging to the Malvaceae family. Its calyxes are rich in vitamin C and anthocyanins and are used to make roselle drink and hibiscus tea. Roselles are grown in counties of Taitung, Pingtung, and Chiayi in Taiwan. In addition to a few local cultivars, the major cultivar currently grown in Taiwan is Roselle cv. Victor. In April of 2012, a wilt disease appeared on seedlings of a cultivar, Chiada 1, at the Chungpu Township of Chiayi County. Mature plants were free from this disease. Leaves appeared weak and drooping when they were still green

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20

Wu, Mu-Chen, Bo-Kang Liou, Yuh-Shuen Chen, et al. "Understanding Young Taiwanese Consumers’ Acceptance, Sensory Profile, and Drivers of Liking for GABA Oolong Tea Beverages with Cold Infusions." Foods 11, no. 19 (2022): 2989. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods11192989.

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The sensory qualities of Taiwanese teas are evaluated by the experts from the Tea Research and Extension Station (TRES) at tea competitions held annually. The prices of Taiwanese teas are also influenced by the results of these tea competitions. However, a tea winning an award and having a high sensory quality and price does not mean that it is liked by Taiwanese consumers. The check all that apply method (CATA) is a scientific method of sensory evaluation. It is able to evaluate the sensory characteristics with consumers and is cheap and time-saving. Twelve samples of γ-aminobutyric acid (GAB

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21

Li, Xiaojiang, Yang Xu, Yilin Mao, et al. "The Effects of Soybean–Tea Intercropping on the Photosynthesis Activity of Tea Seedlings Based on Canopy Spectral, Transcriptome and Metabolome Analyses." Agronomy 14, no. 4 (2024): 850. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy14040850.

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Intercropping soybean in tea plantations is a sustainable cultivation system that can improve the growing environment of tea plants compared to monoculture tea. However, the effects of this system on the photosynthesis activity of tea seedlings have yet to be reported. Therefore, we used tea cultivar ‘Zhongcha108’ as experimental materials to investigate the effects of intercropping soybean on the canopy spectral parameters and photosynthesis activity of tea seedlings. Canopy spectral reflectance data showed that soybean–tea intercropping (STS) improved the reflectance of 720, 750 and 840 nm b

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22

Wei, Xiao-Juan, Xiao-Jing Liang, Jin-Lin Ma, Kai-Xiang Li, and Haiying Liang. "Biological Characteristics and Vegetative Propagation of a New Camellia Cultivar Maozi." HortScience 51, no. 12 (2016): 1581–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci11031-16.

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Camellia flowers are highly prized for their beauty worldwide and are strongly symbolic in many cultures. A new interspecific hybrid cultivar, Camellia ‘Maozi’, generated by crossing Camellia pubipetala with C. japonica ‘Dahong Mudan’, exhibits strong hybrid vigor and has small flowers with a rare light tone of purple. In southwest China with a subtropical monsoon climate, young Camellia ‘Maozi’ trees flush shoots three times in spring, summer, and autumn, with an average annual growth of 12.9 cm. Adult trees flush once a year. Floral bud formation occurs in late April and early May. Camellia

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23

Ye, Lili, Huaqian Xue, Nana Li, et al. "Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Analysis of Pseudo-Response Regulators (PRRs) in the Tea Plant Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze." Horticulturae 10, no. 12 (2024): 1294. https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae10121294.

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The circadian clock plays a vital role in facilitating plant adaptation to rhythmically changing environmental factors. Pseudo-response regulators (PRRs) are key components regulating the plant circadian clock and have been extensively characterized in model plants. However, the PRRs in the tea plant have not been comprehensively studied. In this study, seven CsPRRs were cloned from the tea plant. Domain, phylogenetic evolution, gene structure, motifs, and cis-acting element analysis revealed their sequence characters and suggested that the first subgroup members, CsPRR1a, 1b, 5a, 5b, 7, and 3

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24

Li, Qin, Jianan Huang, Shuoqian Liu, et al. "Proteomic analysis of young leaves at three developmental stages in an albino tea cultivar." Proteome Science 9, no. 1 (2011): 44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1477-5956-9-44.

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25

Rom, Curt R., and Renae E. Moran. "RELATIONSHIPS OF LEAF AREA AND TRUNK DIAMETER OF APPLE TREES AFFECTED BY ROOTSTOCK AN D CULTIVAR." HortScience 27, no. 11 (1992): 1169c—1169. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.27.11.1169c.

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Trunk cross-sectional area (TCA) has been used to estimate leaf area (LA) and yield efficiency but variation in LA and TCA relationships have been unexplored. LA and TCA of 10-yr-old 'Starkspur Supreme Delicious' on 9 rootstocks (STKs) were measured in 1989. LA and TCA of 2-yr-old trees of 3 cultivars (CVs) on 5 STKs were measured in 1991. Regression of LA and TCA was performed for each CV, STK and each CV/STK. On mature trees, LA varied significantly with STK. The number and LA of shoot leaves (LVS) and spur LVS varied with STK but the % of total was not significantly different (approx. 52% s

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26

Santos, Silvia Correa, Carlos Ruggiero, Cristina Lacerda Soares Petrarolha Silva, and Eliana Gertrudes Macedo Lemos. "A microsatellite library for Carica papaya L. cv. Sunrise solo." Revista Brasileira de Fruticultura 25, no. 2 (2003): 263–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0100-29452003000200020.

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In experimental areas of the Education and Researches Ilha Solteira and Jaboticabal UNESP/Campus farms were selected and tagged 20 hermaphrodite plants and 20 feminine of cultivar Sunrise Solo, Improved Sunrise Solo cv.72/12 and Baixinho of Santa Amália.The seeds origined of the selected fruits were cropped to be analysed the self-pollination efficiency and frequency of the sex in the progenies. After that, samples of the young leaf of the matrix plants were colected for the extration of the DNA. It was built five library enriched of microsatellite sequencies, using probes (TCA)10, (TC)13, (GA

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27

KWACH, BOWA O., P. OKINDA OWUOR, DAVID M. KAMAU, SOLOMON W. MSOMBA, and MARY A. UWIMANA. "VARIATIONS IN THE PRECURSORS OF PLAIN BLACK TEA QUALITY PARAMETERS DUE TO LOCATION OF PRODUCTION AND NITROGEN FERTILIZER RATES IN EASTERN AFRICAN CLONAL TEA LEAVES." Experimental Agriculture 52, no. 2 (2015): 266–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0014479715000083.

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SUMMARYTheaflavins contribute to astringency and brightness while thearubigins contribute to colour and mouth feel of black tea. Green leaf flavan-3-ols influence levels and distribution of theaflavins and thearubigins in black tea and are black tea quality precursor compounds. Caffeine also contributes to tea quality. Although location of production and nitrogenous fertilizer rates influence black tea quality, it is not known if the variations arise from the levels and distribution of the precursor compounds in green leaf or other factors. The variations and distribution of the flavan-3-ols a

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28

Uthai, Narissara. "Effects of temperature, steeping time and particle size used in infusion brewing on total phenolic content and antioxidant activity of tea produced from young upland rice leaves." African Journal of Food, Agriculture, Nutrition and Development 21, no. 02 (2021): 17477–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.18697/ajfand.97.20150.

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Tea was brewed from young leaves of 4 weeks old Thai upland black waxy rice plants of the cultivar ‘Damgatondam’, which has a noticeable fragrant smell from both seeds and leaves. The plants were harvested about 1 cm above soil level, washed, and cut into pieces, about 1 cm long. These pieces were then steamed for 1 min in a steamer rack, withering for 5min by spreading them out in a thin layer, pan-roasted at 70°C for 30 min, and finally dried at 70°C for 90 min. They were either kept as pieces of leaves or ground into a powder, and both were used for brewing tea by infusion in water at 4oC,

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Li, Wei, Liqiang Tan, Yao Zou, et al. "The Effects of Ultraviolet A/B Treatments on Anthocyanin Accumulation and Gene Expression in Dark-Purple Tea Cultivar ‘Ziyan’ (Camellia sinensis)." Molecules 25, no. 2 (2020): 354. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules25020354.

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‘Ziyan’ is a novel anthocyanin-rich tea cultivar with dark purple young shoots. However, how its anthocyanin accumulation is affected by environmental factors, such as ultraviolet (UV), remains unclear. In this study, we observed that UV light treatments stimulated anthocyanin accumulation in ‘Ziyan’ leaves, and we further analyzed the underlying mechanisms at gene expression and enzyme activity levels. In addition, the catechins and chlorophyll contents of young shoots under different light treatments were also changed. The results showed that the contents of total anthocyanins and three majo

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Uthai, Narissara, P. Thamakorn, S. Kerdpiboon, and R. Nokkoul. "Process optimization, antioxidant activity and sensory characteristics of green tea made from young fragrant rice leaves cultivar damgatondam." African Journal of Food Agriculture Nutrition and Development 19, no. 04 (2019): 14950–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.18697/ajfand.87.18120.

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Barden, John A., and Richard P. Marini. "Growth and Cropping of Young Apple Trees as Affected by Heading and Support of the Central Leader." HortScience 33, no. 1 (1998): 39–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.33.1.0039.

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`Delicious', `Golden Delicious', and `York' apple trees (Malus ×domestica Borkh.) on dwarfing rootstocks were planted in 1988. For 7 years starting in 1989, the central leaders of trees of each cultivar were subjected to a 2 x 2 factorial arrangement of heading vs. not heading and supporting vs. not supporting. Support consisted of tying the leader to a conduit to 2.1 m; heading was the annual removal of one-half of the previous season's growth from the central leader. In general, tree height was suppressed by heading and increased by support. The only effect of treatment on trunk cross-sectio

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Guan, Yuanyuan, Zhiyuan Wei, Luyi Zhou, et al. "Tae-miR397 Negatively Regulates Wheat Resistance to Blumeria graminis." Plants 12, no. 17 (2023): 3096. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants12173096.

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MicroRNA (miRNA) plays a crucial role in the interactions between plants and pathogens, and identifying disease-related miRNAs could help us understand the mechanisms underlying plant disease pathogenesis and breed resistant varieties. However, the role of miRNA in wheat defense responses remains largely unexplored. The miR397 family is highly conserved in plants and involved in plant development and defense response. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the function of tae-miR397 in wheat resistance to powdery mildew. The expression pattern analysis revealed that tae-miR397

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Burgess, P. J., and M. K. V. Carr. "Responses of Young Tea (Camellia sinensis) Clones to Drought and Temperature. II. Dry Matter Production and Partitioning." Experimental Agriculture 32, no. 4 (1996): 377–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0014479700001472.

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SUMMARYThe physiological basis for differences in yields from well-watered and draughted plants of four contrasting clones of tea was studied in terms of light interception, dry matter production and partitioning at a high altitude site in Southern Tanzania where there are marked seasonal variations in rainfall and temperature. The plant dry weights, including roots, were measured eight months after field planting and subsequently at intervals of three to four months, corresponding to the different seasons, during the following two years. Fully irrigated plants of one clone (S15/10) were also

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Burgess, P. J., and M. K. V. Carr. "Responses of Young Tea (Camellia sinensis) Clones to Drought and Temperature. II. Dry Matter Production and Partitioning." Experimental Agriculture 32, no. 4 (1996): 377–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0014479700003756.

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SUMMARYThe physiological basis for differences in yields from well-watered and draughted plants of four contrasting clones of tea was studied in terms of light interception, dry matter production and partitioning at a high altitude site in Southern Tanzania where there are marked seasonal variations in rainfall and temperature. The plant dry weights, including roots, were measured eight months after field planting and subsequently at intervals of three to four months, corresponding to the different seasons, during the following two years. Fully irrigated plants of one clone (S15/10) were also

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Li, Jiao, He, et al. "Gene Expression Profiles and microRNA Regulation Networks in Tiller Primordia, Stem Tips, and Young Spikes of Wheat Guomai 301." Genes 10, no. 9 (2019): 686. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes10090686.

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Tillering and spike differentiation are two key events for wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). A study on the transcriptomes and microRNA group profiles of wheat at the two key developmental stages will bring insight into the molecular regulation mechanisms. Guomai 301 is a representative excellent new high yield wheat cultivar in the Henan province in China. The transcriptomes and microRNA (miRNA) groups of tiller primordia (TPs), stem tips (STs), and young spikes (YSs) in Guomai 301 were compared to each other. A total of 1741 tillering specifically expressed and 281 early spikes differentiating s

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Dávila-Aviña, Jorge, Bernardo Gallegos-Ruiz, Santos García, and Norma Heredia. "Comparison of total polyphenol content, antioxidant activity, and antimicrobial potential among nine cactus pear (Opuntia spp.) cultivars and their by-products." Journal of the Professional Association for Cactus Development 20 (September 14, 2018): 113–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.56890/jpacd.v20i.32.

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Nopal cacti (Opuntia spp.) are important natural resources in semi-arid zones throughout theworld, where their fruits and stems are used as forage or human food depending on the varietyand ripeness of the cladode. Members of the genus Opuntia show variable phytochemicalcomposition as well as a high capacity for adaptation to extreme environmental conditions. Onepart of the process to prepare and use of “nopalitos” for human consumption includes removalof modified leaves or thorns, which is approximately 20% of the fresh weight of cladodes isconsidered as a by-product (production residue). The

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Liu, Yang, Yifan Zhang, Yang Liu, et al. "Genome-Wide Identification and Characterization of WRKY Transcription Factors and Their Expression Profile in Loropetalum chinense var. rubrum." Plants 12, no. 11 (2023): 2131. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants12112131.

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The WRKY gene family plays important roles in plant growth and development, as well as in the responses to biotic and abiotic stresses. Loropetalum chinense var. rubrum has high ornamental and medicinal value. However, few WRKY genes have been reported in this plant, and their functions remain unknown. To explore the roles that the WRKY genes play in L. chinense var. rubrum, we identified and characterized 79 LcWRKYs through BLAST homology analysis and renamed them (as LcWRKY1–79) based on their distribution on the chromosomes of L. chinense var. rubrum. In this way, according to their structu

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Guo, M., Y. M. Pan, Y. L. Dai, and Z. M. Gao. "First Report of Brown Blight Disease Caused by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides on Camellia sinensis in Anhui Province, China." Plant Disease 98, no. 2 (2014): 284. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-08-13-0896-pdn.

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Yellow Mountain fuzz tip, a cultivar of Camellia sinensis (L.) Kuntze, is commonly grown in the Yellow Mountain region in Anhui Province of China. During 2011 to 2012, leaf and twig blight on tea plants occurred from July to September in growing regions. Symptoms of blight on leaves of infected plants were detected in 30 to 60% of the fields visited and up to 500 ha were affected each year. Symptoms began as small, water-soaked lesions on young leaves and twigs and later became larger, dark brown, necrotic lesions, 1 to 3 mm in diameter on leaves and 2 to 5 mm long on twigs. To determine the c

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Spychała, Julia, Agnieszka Tomkowiak, Aleksandra Noweiska, et al. "Expression Profiling of the Slow Rusting Resistance Genes Lr34/Yr18 and Lr67/Yr46 in Common Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and Associated miRNAs Patterns." Genes 14, no. 7 (2023): 1376. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes14071376.

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The main efforts in common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) breeding focus on yield, grain quality, and resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses. One of the major threats affecting global wheat cultivation and causing significant crop production losses are rust diseases, including leaf rust caused by a biotrophic fungus Puccinia triticina Eriks. Genetically determined resistance to leaf rust has been characterized in young plants (seedling resistance) as well as in plants at the adult plant stage. At the seedling stage, resistance is controlled vertically by major R genes, conferring a race-speci

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Toft, Benjamin D., Mobashwer M. Alam, John D. Wilkie, and Bruce L. Topp. "Phenotypic Association of Multi-scale Architectural Traits with Canopy Volume and Yield: Moving Toward High-density Systems for Macadamia." HortScience 54, no. 4 (2019): 596–602. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci13293-18.

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The vigorous growth and large canopy size of commercial macadamia (Macadamia integrifolia, M. tetraphylla, and hybrids) cultivars generally restricts macadamia orchards to low-density planting. Little is known of the detailed interactions between plant architecture and yield components specific to macadamia. This chapter examines how dependent traits such as canopy size and yield might be determined by direct and indirect interactions between traits at different scales within the canopy. Fifteen genotypes (n = 3) were phenotyped in two growing seasons for architectural and reproductive traits,

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Kawahara, Yoshihiro, Junichi Tanaka, Kazuhiro Takayama, et al. "Chromosome-scale Genome Assembly and Characterization of Top-quality Japanese Green Tea Cultivar ‘Seimei’." Plant And Cell Physiology, May 27, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/pcp/pcae060.

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Abstract Japanese green tea, an essential beverage in Japanese culture, is characterized by the initial steaming of freshly harvested leaves during production. This process efficiently inactivates endogenous enzymes such as polyphenol oxidases, resulting in the production of sencha, gyokuro, and matcha that preserves the vibrant green color of young leaves. Although genome sequences of several tea cultivars and germplasms have been published, no reference genome sequences are available for Japanese green tea cultivars. Here, we constructed a reference genome sequence of the cultivar ‘Seimei’,

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Kang, Suyoung, So Jin Lee, YongHee Kwon, et al. "Characteristic of phenotype, amino acids and volatile compounds for fresh tea leaves of Korean tea cultivars (Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze)." Applied Biological Chemistry 67, no. 1 (2024). http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13765-024-00919-1.

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AbstractTea (Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze) is a popular beverage consumed worldwide. To establish fundamental scientific data, we analyzed the amino acids and volatile compounds in seven tea cultivars grown in Korea investigated phenotype also. Phenotypically, the leaf area and greenness index of young shoots and leaf blades were particularly different among the four Korean cultivars. Nine amino acids were detected from each cultivar, with the total amino acid and theanine contents being 9.08–41.42 and 2.81–24.60 mg/g, respectively. Moreover, 107 volatile compounds were identified as commo

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Luo, Xueyin, Mengxian Zhang, Pei Xu, Guofeng Liu, and Shu Wei. "The Intron Retention Variant CsClpP3m Is Involved in Leaf Chlorosis in Some Tea Cultivars." Frontiers in Plant Science 12 (January 28, 2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2021.804428.

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Tea products made from chlorotic or albino leaves are very popular for their unique flavor. Probing into the molecular mechanisms underlying the chlorotic leaf phenotype is required to better understand the formation of these tea cultivars and aid in future practical breeding. In this study, transcriptional alterations of multiple subunit genes of the caseinolytic protease complex (Clp) in the chlorotic tea cultivar ‘Yu-Jin-Xiang’ (YJX) were found. Cultivar YJX possessed the intron retention variant of ClpP3, named as CsClpP3m, in addition to the non-mutated ClpP3. The mutated variant results

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Zhang, Shupei, Shijia Lin, Ruiping Jin, et al. "CATIONIC AMINO ACID TRANSPORTER 1 modulates amino acid distribution between stem and leaf in new shoots: a case study of theanine distribution in tea plants (Camellia sinensis)." Plant Physiology, June 13, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1093/plphys/kiaf255.

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Abstract Theanine, a tea plant (Camellia sinensis) -specific non-proteinogenic amino acid, is one of the most important components conferring the taste quality and health benefits of tea. It is primarily synthesized in roots of tea plants and transported to new shoots, where it is mainly distributed to the young stem; however, tea is predominantly produced from young leaves. To promote more theanine allocation to young leaves, the molecular mechanism underlying theanine distribution between stems and leaves requires elucidation. In this study, we found the ratios of stem-to-leaf theanine conte

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Thu Yen, Hoang Thi, Nguyen Thuy Linh, Huynh Thi Thu Hue, and Nguyen Hai Dang. "Evaluating Expression of Gene Encoding Flavonol Synthase in Green TrungDu and Purple TrungDu by Real time PCR and HPLC Technique." VNU Journal of Science: Natural Sciences and Technology 36, no. 2 (2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.25073/2588-1140/vnunst.4909.

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In plants, flavonol synthase (FLS) is a multifunctional enzyme that converts dihydroflavonol into flavonols and naringenin into dihydrokaempferol. FLS from tea has been shown to metabolize dihydroquercetin to quercetin. In this study, we conducted studying on the relationship between quercetin content and the expression level of FLS in two traditional tea cultivars of Vietnam, TrungDuxanh and TrungDutim tea grown in tea garden of Thai Nguyen University of Agriculture and Forestry. Tea shoots with one apical bud and two to three young leaves using as research materials which collected in Septem

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Lu, Jing, Jinke Du, Liying Tian, et al. "Divergent Response Strategies of CsABF Facing Abiotic Stress in Tea Plant: Perspectives From Drought-Tolerance Studies." Frontiers in Plant Science 12 (November 17, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2021.763843.

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In plants, the bZIP family plays vital roles in various biological processes, including seed maturation, flower development, light signal transduction, pathogen defense, and various stress responses. Tea, as a popular beverage, is widely cultivated and has withstood a degree of environmental adversity. Currently, knowledge of the bZIP gene family in tea plants remains very limited. In this study, a total of 76 CsbZIP genes in tea plant were identified for the whole genome. Phylogenetic analysis with Arabidopsis counterparts revealed that CsbZIP proteins clustered into 13 subgroups, among which

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KC, Santosh, Lizhi Long, Meiya Liu, Qunfeng Zhang, and Jianyun Ruan. "Light Intensity Modulates the Effect of Phosphate Limitation on Carbohydrates, Amino Acids, and Catechins in Tea Plants (Camellia sinensis L.)." Frontiers in Plant Science 12 (October 8, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2021.743781.

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Metabolites are major contributors to the quality of tea that are regulated by various abiotic stresses. Light intensity and phosphorus (P) supply affect the metabolism of tea plants. However, how these two factors interact and mediate the metabolite levels in tea plants are not fully understood. The present study investigated the consequences of different light intensity and P regimes on the metabolism of carbohydrates, amino acids, and flavonoids in the Fengqing tea cultivar. The leaves and young shoots were subjected to untargeted metabolomics analysis by two-dimensional gas chromatography

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Zhang, Kexin, Xia Feng, Ying Liu, et al. "Integrative transcriptome and whole‐genome bisulfite sequencing analyses of a temperature‐sensitive albino tea plant cultivar." Physiologia Plantarum 175, no. 6 (2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ppl.14064.

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AbstractGreen tea made from albino buds and leaves has a strong umami taste and aroma. The cultivar ‘Zhonghuang 2’ (ZH2, Camellia sinensis) is a natural mutant with young shoots that are yellow in spring and green or yellow‐green in summer. However, the mechanism of leaf color change remains unclear. Here, we found that young shoots of ZH2 were yellow at low temperature (LT) and green at high temperature (HT), indicating that ZH2 is a temperature‐sensitive cultivar. Transmission electron microscopy analysis showed that the grana in the chloroplasts of young shoots grown at LT were poorly stack

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Jiang, Deyuan, Li Xu, and Weiwei Wen. "A novel transcription factor CsSNACA2 plays a pivotal role within nitrogen assimilation in tea plants." Plant Journal, December 11, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1111/tpj.17198.

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SUMMARYTea (Camellia sinensis) is a globally renowned economic crop, with organs such as leaves and buds utilized for consumption. As a perennial foliage crop, tea plants have high‐nitrogen consumption and demand but exhibit relatively low nitrogen use efficiency. Exploring the genetic factors involved in nitrogen assimilation in tea plants could lead to improvements in both tea yield and quality. Here, we first conducted transcriptome sequencing on two tissues (roots and young leaves) under two different nitrate levels (0.2 and 2.5 mm KNO3) and at six time points (0, 15, and 45 min; 2 and 6 h

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Zhou, Hanchen, Shijie Wang, Hao-Fen Xie та ін. "Cytosolic Nudix Hydrolase 1 Is Involved in Geranyl β-Primeveroside Production in Tea". Frontiers in Plant Science 13 (11 травня 2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2022.833682.

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Geraniol is a potent tea odorant and exists mainly as geranyl glycoside in Camellia sinensis. Understanding the mechanisms of geraniol biosynthesis at molecular levels in tea plants is of great importance for practical improvement of tea aroma. In this study, geraniol and its glycosides from tea plants were examined using liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. Two candidate geraniol synthase (GES) genes (CsTPS) and two Nudix hydrolase genes (CsNUDX1-cyto and CsNUDX1-chlo) from the tea genome were functionally investigated through gene transcription manipulation and gene chemical

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