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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Youth agency'
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Ashwell, Nick. "Perceptions of inter-youth agency collaboration : youth and health." Thesis, University of Reading, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.399893.
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McNelis, Timothy Robert. "Popular music, identity and musical agency in U.S. youth films." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2010. http://livrepository.liverpool.ac.uk/1491/.
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Popular music is immensely important to the construction of identity and regulation of agency for teenagers in films and in the real world. Throughout this thesis, I shall argue that music, specifically pre-existing songs, constructs identity in a manner that is complex, fluid, and unfixed. This is especially true for teenagers, who are in such a transitional period of their lives. Film music draws on ideas circulating in popular culture to construct identity, and connotations connected with discourse around certain genres of music are of particular importance. Throughout three case study chapters, I shall discuss the cultural context of various songs and genres to suggest possible elements of identity that are available for perceivers to understand. I will be grouping films together in case study chapters based on three narrative threads: teenage girls who play guitars, white characters who use African American music to express identity and improve agency, and non-white characters whose ethnic identity is musically constructed in contradictory ways. Identity and agency are tightly entwined in filmic narratives, and music plays a key role in the construction of both. Musical agency is related to narrative agency, but it also involves characters’ access to musical performance, as well as their musical representation through source music, source score, and dramatic score. The characters with the most musical agency are those who use music to their own benefit or benefit from music in the soundtrack. Finally, I shall argue that musical agency is affected by a film’s internal contradictions – by which I mean the areas of tension between music, identity, and storyline. Characters tend to have the greatest musical agency in films where musical connotations align with other elements of character identity and the character’s treatment in the storyline. Thus, musical agency tends to be less when there are contradictions between characters’ musical performance, the music they listen to, music on the soundtrack (source music, source score, or dramatic score) that they do not choose, other elements of their identity, and their narrative behaviour unrelated to music.
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Schiffer, Ian S. "Lived Legal Expertise: Mobilizing the Political Agency of Incarcerated Youth." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2017. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/pomona_theses/183.
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This thesis analyzes how caring relationships and an emancipatory approach to law related education (LRE) within juvenile justice facilities can cultivate political agency. I focused specifically on Camp Afflerbaugh-Paige, an LA County juvenile probation facility, in La Verne, CA, as a case study. During three months of teaching a law related education class and embedding myself at the facility with an asset-based framework, I encountered a wealth of knowledge that incarcerated juveniles possess, not from formal education or research, but based in their own lived experiences. Los Angeles County Probation spends $233,000 per student per year; assuming best intentions of those in charge and the actors, the students, with a wide array of expertise, should be thriving within these institutions and set up for success upon their release. Unfortunately, though, students’ academic, entrepreneurial, and legal expertise are criminalized rather than cultivated by the juvenile justice system. Through a policy class, the students created reforms to address the challenges of a paramilitary camp that neglects students’ emotional, physical, and mental health. The challenges in the environment complicate the political agency of students within the camp and post-release. I am making the claim that the political agency of the students is visible and the assets are tangibly cultivated by an emancipatory pedagogy, ethic of care, and the law related education curriculum.
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Kennelly, Jacqueline Joan. "Citizen youth : culture, activism, and agency in an era of globalization." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/769.
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This thesis seeks to uncover some of the cultural practices central to youth activist subcultures across three urban centres in Canada: Toronto, Montreal, and Vancouver. I undertake this work within the context of rising moral and state claims about the apparent need for ‘good citizenship’ to be exercised by young people, alongside a late modern relationship between liberalism, neoliberalism, and Canada’s history of class- and race-based exclusions. The theoretical framework bridges cultural and political sociology with youth cultural theory. It also draws heavily upon the work of feminist philosophers of agency and the state. The main methodology is ethnographic, and was carried out within a phenomenological and hermeneutic framework. In total, 41 young people, ages 13-29, were involved in this research. Participants self-identified as being involved in activist work addressing issues such as globalization, war, poverty and/or colonialism.
The findings of this study suggest that the effects of the historical and contemporary symbol of the ‘good citizen’ are experienced within youth activist subcultures through a variety of cultural means, including: expectations from self and schooling to be ‘responsible,’ with its associated burdens of guilt; policing practices that appear to rely on cultural ideas about the ‘good citizen’ and the ‘bad activist’; and representations of youth activism (e.g. within media) as replete with out-of-control young people being punished for their wrong-doings. Wider effects include the entrenched impacts of class- and race-based exclusions, which manifest within youth activist subcultures through stylistic regimes of ‘symbolic authorization’ that incorporate attire, beliefs, and practices. Although findings suggest that many young people come to activism via a predisposition created within an activist or Left-leaning family, this research also highlights the relational means by which people from outside of this familial habitus can come to activist practices. Taken together, findings suggest that youth activism must be understood as a cultural and social phenomenon, with requisite preconditions, influences, and effects; that such practices cannot be disassociated from wider social inequalities; and that such effects and influences demand scrutiny if we are to reconsider the role of activism and its part in expanding the political boundaries of the nation-state.
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Kemp, Victoria Therese. "Youth justice reform : pre-court decision-making and multi-agency functioning." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.615746.
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Raisborough, Jayne. "Included exclusions : an investigation of women's agency in the Sea Cadet Corps." Thesis, Lancaster University, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.274214.
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Rasulova, Saltanat Temirbekovna. "Child agency and economic circumstances : how does family economic status affect child agency in Kyrgyzstan's post-Soviet culture of transition?" Thesis, University of Oxford, 2013. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:5d7f49f3-c990-414a-b846-cca3f826998f.
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This thesis explores how children’s experiences of childhood in Kyrgyzstan transformed after the collapse of the Soviet Union (1991) and the consequent transition to market economy. In particular it studies the interrelations of culture and economic circumstances and their effects on child agency in times of economic, social, cultural and political change which were not given enough attention in the relevant literature. I sampled 40 children (aged 12 and 16) from a state school in an underprivileged area and a prestigious private school (used as economic dividers) to study the complexity of child agency and structure in their daily lives. An ‘agency’ concept was applied as a theoretical framework conceptualised through the four components as action, freedom, purposiveness and outcome and was formulated as the setting-based ability of children to act in response to cultural and economic structures and relationships at home, school and the neighbourhood. The effects of low and high income on child agency are not straightforward due to the changing traditional culture in the Kyrgyz society, which makes agency not only a social and cultural construct, but one affected by economic conditions. The study demonstrated the nuances of child agency as freedom in high income, its conflicting purposes in low income and differentiated outcomes of short and long term wellbeing between the two groups. Economic circumstances do not only influence the dynamics of agency across settings, age and gender but challenge the very notion of the classic Western concept of agency as an independent ability to act. The findings elaborate on the concepts of the new sociology of childhood (Prout and James, 1997) and the cultural politics of childhood (James and James, 2004), as these theoretical frameworks do not account sufficiently for economic dis/advantages as a structural factor of agency, which emerges as a socially shared process of acting whose nature depends on material circumstances.
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De, Graaf Anne. "Speaking peace into being : voice, youth and agency in a deeply divided society." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/15531.
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This thesis asks how voice enables youth to claim agency within divided societies, and what are the implications of this in terms of conflict and peacebuilding? It is an analysis of the significance of young people's voices to international relations. The research is framed in terms of human rights and human security, children's rights, and recognition theories. Its aim is to draw conclusions both about the nature of voice and agency, or power, and about how the framing of the present research in this area impacts the ability of the discourse to take into account the significance of listening to those who are marginalized. From these starting points the thesis will explore questions such as the following: In what ways do children have a voice? If young people had more of a voice, would it make a difference? Does having a voice lead to power? If so, does this create a culture of respect for this voice, and in turn an increase in the speaker's ability to claim agency? Does increasing participation have an impact upon people's likeliness to resort to violence? These aspects are important because they contribute to knowledge and frameworks for peacebuilding in post-conflict areas and the link between voice and violence may provide a key to reducing youth violence in post-conflict areas, but most significantly, hearing young voice could contribute to a sustainable peace, envisioned by and cultivated by the very generation that must own that peace if it is to become lasting.
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Mavasa, Tamari Tlangelani. "Appraisal of enterprise development finance programmes of the National Youth Development Agency." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/96172.
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Thesis (MDF)--Stellenbosch University, 2014.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The South African population involves huge numbers of young people. The majority of these young people are unemployed and unable to make a living as a result of the inability of the economy to absorb them into the labour market. Other young people attempt to make a living through entrepreneurship. However, the participation of young people in entrepreneurship is very low. Young people face many challenges associated with lack of funding and business development support services, technical skills and development. The problems facing the country substantially caused socio-economic challenges resulting in a shrinking economy. This translated into an inability of both the private sector and government to create and sustain jobs. The government of South Africa established the National Youth Development Agency (here called the Agency) with the mandate to reduce poverty by making sound investments. This facilitates opportunities for young people to acquire skills, promote creation of jobs or pursue meaningful self-employment opportunities through various enterprise development initiatives. The agency developed the Enterprise Development Finance Programme as an economic development approach. The agency provides access to financial and non-financial services to the previously disadvantaged youth in a sustainable manner that improves and promotes sustainable livelihoods for the low-income groups. The study evaluates the effectiveness of the EDFP. The public and private sector offers different programmes aiming at equipping aspiring and established entrepreneurs with skills, knowledge, and motivation to enable business development and growth in the country. However, the challenge is that many do not have entrepreneurial minds. Those who have entrepreneurship knowledge do not know about the programmes, or the programmes are not easily accessible particularly to people in the rural areas. In addition, these programmes are not co-ordinated and as result we are not in a position to tell immediately as to who is doing what and where. This also makes it difficult to identify gaps and to maximise the impact of the programmes. There is a need to audit all programmes aimed at improving the economic development of the country. The government of South Africa must instil a culture of entrepreneurship at all levels to promote and nurture entrepreneurship skills. Vigorous entrepreneurial activity and innovation is needed to alleviate high unemployment levels through a combination of improved quality education and skills development. Promotion and support of entrepreneurship should form an important component of policy options considered to increase economic growth for the long term. The Economic Development Finance programme provides SME and microfinance funding which is seen as an important strategy for economic growth. Education and skills development is an important tool that supports the culture of entrepreneurship, as it contributes to the success of businesses. The private and public institutions should intensify their involvements and consider both financial and non-financial support for youth enterprises and entrepreneurs equally. The support for entrepreneurship should be holistic and cover funding, technical training, training in business and financial management, and business linkages.
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Rudd, Peter W. "Structure and agency in youth transitions : student perspectives on vocational further education." Thesis, University of Surrey, 1996. http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/805/.
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Mahony, Sorcha M. "Searching for a better life : young people living in slum communities in Bangkok." Thesis, University of Bath, 2010. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.516015.
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This thesis explores the everyday lives and dreams of young people living in urban poverty in Thailand, focusing on their practices and aspirations within three key spheres of action. In recent years, a number of emerging bodies of literature have taken youth in the developing world as the objects of their analysis; the literature on youth in Thailand, studies of youth and development within the Thai and international spheres, and the new anthropology of youth each focus on the lives of young people – social, cultural and economic – and see youth as active agents in the creation of society, culture and the economy. This thesis, drawing on the analysis of ethnographic data, contends that each of these bodies of literature constructs young people in partial or misleading ways, and in particular that insufficient emphasis is placed on the unintended consequences that can ensue from everyday practice and the pursuit of dreams. It argues that if these emerging literatures on youth in the developing world are to adequately conceptualise and represent young people, then they must attend to these unintended consequences. As the thesis will demonstrate, doing so facilitates analysis of the ways in which different spheres of action affect each other, of the structures that constrain and enable young people, and of the way in which attempting to participate in dominant cultures can have profoundly counter-productive outcomes. The thesis also explores some of the methodological processes involved in immersion in, and withdrawal from, „the field‟. It argues that one of the tasks of social research is to bring out the multiple and shifting nature of interpretation, and to be explicit about the contexts in which such interpretations are produced.
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Hodkinson, Philip Michael. "Careership and markets : structure and agency in the transition to work." Thesis, University of Exeter, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.294471.
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Duggins, Shaun D. "The Development of Sense of Agency." Digital Archive @ GSU, 2011. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/psych_theses/88.
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Agency, a behavioral and psychological concept, is an individual’s sense of what they can do and what they think they can do. It is imperative to understand how a sense of agency in youths can be fostered and transformed into constructive action. This study builds on previous research to better identify predictors of agency, focusing on social and political involvement and opportunity structure. Additionally, it analyzes and proposes the use of a new measure of agency, the Community Leadership (CL) scale. Eighty-five teens (ages 13 to 18) were administered surveys. Involvement was found to be significantly related to agency. It was also related to opportunity structure, but opportunity structure was not significantly related to agency. Opportunity structure seems to partly influence the relationship between involvement and agency. When compared to previously validated measures of agency, the CL scale proved to be a shorter and psychometrically sound alternative measure.
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Case, Stephen. "Promoting prevention : evaluating a multi-agency initiative to prevent youth offending in Swansea." Thesis, Swansea University, 2004. https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa42962.
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This thesis presents the research and evaluation of ‘Promoting Prevention’, a multiagency, multiple intervention initiative to prevent youth offending in Swansea that is predicated on the generation of systematic information through official and self- reported sources. The thesis discusses how structures and processes within Promoting Prevention have developed through a rolling dynamic between information generation and system reproduction, with particular emphasis upon consultation with young people and key stakeholders. An individual study computer questionnaire, underpinned by the risk factor prevention paradigm, assessed young people’s self-reported attitudes, perceptions and behaviour in order to associate them with a range of risk and protective factors for offending. Statistical analysis identified that exposure to multiple risk factors in the key domains of the young person’s life (i.e. family, school, neighbourhood, lifestyle, personal/individual) was significantly linked to ever and active offending, particularly for males. Several key factors within each domain were highlighted as predictive of ever and active offending. When placed in the context of official and self-reported statistics locally, nationally and internationally, there was a clear overlap in salient issues for young people and identified risk factors, although levels of self-reported drug use and offending were generally higher in Swansea. Systems analyses adapted the grounded theory methodology and utilised interviews with key stakeholders to produce narrative reports and maps of Promoting Prevention components (organisations, committees, documents, individuals) to elucidate the complex, cross-cutting and reflexive nature of the initiative. Overall levels of (self-reported and official) permanent school exclusion and (self- reported and official) ever and active offending in Swansea have fallen since the inception of Promoting Prevention. This indicates that Promoting Prevention can tentatively claim to be successfully addressing offending behaviour by targeting interventions based on risk factors identified by young people. There is a commitment amongst key stakeholders to Promoting Prevention principles and strategies such as consultation and developing a reflexive relationship between research, information and practice. This highlights Promoting Prevention as a modem example of an holistic, rights-based crime prevention initiative underpinned by an ethos of consultation and responding to information relevant to the local context.
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Schippers, Deidree Dianne. "Unlocking human agency through youth development programmes: An exploratory study of a selected NGO working in youth development on the Cape Flats." University of the Western Cape, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/6961.
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Magister Artium (Development Studies) - MA(DVS)This study explored how human agency could be unlocked through youth development programmes using a case study of a selected NGO working in youth development on the Cape Flats in the Western Cape Province in South Africa. The aim of the study was to explore whether the selected youth development organisation encourages and unlocks young people’s aspirations and agency in its program design. The objectives of the study were, firstly, to determine if the organisation provided the students with opportunities and spaces in which the young people could exercise their agency in the development process in order to pursue their goals and aspirations. Secondly, to identify challenges that could inhibit the students from exercising their agency; and lastly, to arrive at recommendations on how the challenges could be overcome or prevented. The argument in this study was that youth development organisations should empower and help to develop the youth in such a way that they could realise their full potential in order to make a positive and constructive contribution to their communities and the South African economy. Human development interventions, the kind that is instrumental to youth development, stresses the importance of helping people to expand on their existing capabilities and strengthening human values such as democracy and agency (Conradie & Robeyns, 2013). As such, the Capability Approach as pioneered by Amartya Sen (1988), was used as the theoretical framework because individuals, specifically young people’s well-being, is often dependent on the extent to which they have the aspirations, freedom and capabilities (in other words the opportunities) to live the lives which they value (Robeyns, 2005). Human agency is thus necessary to translate aspirations, freedom and capabilities into actions that could assist individuals to achieve their desired states of well-being. The six dimensions of agency that the study focused on were reflective judgement, motivation, goal pursuit, autonomy, relatedness and competence as conceptualised by Conradie (2013). The study was located in a qualitative research paradigm and used a case study design. The research participants consisted of two groups. The first group were the two programme managers of the selected organisation. The second group was 40 Grade 10 learners who participated in the youth development programme offered by the selected organisation at a high school on the Cape Flats. The research instruments used included a biographical information sheet, a self-reflective questionnaire and a focus group discussion for the student participants, and individual interviews conducted with the programme’s two staff members. The quantitative data consisted of the students’ biographical information and were analysed through Excel software. Content analysis was used to analyse the qualitative data through a three-stage open coding process. The importance of the findings of the study was that the youth development organisation added value to the students’ development by assisting them to identify their aspirations and unlock their agency role. The findings also showed that being part of a community characterised by poor households, alcohol and drug abuse, violence and crime, and disadvantaged public schooling; the students’ chances to succeed against those odds were slim. Based on the findings, recommendations were proposed for the Department of Social Development, youth development organisations, post-school institutions, families and communities, and young people, on how the different role players could engage collaboratively in order to empower and assist the youth to realise their full potential; and in so doing, enable them to make a constructive contribution to South Africa at large.
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DaSilva, Christian. "Youth Agency and the Efficacy of Basic Education in Tanzania: An Inquiry into Post-primary School Structuration." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/33019.
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This qualitative study explores how youth in Tanzania, with low levels of basic education, manage their personal lives and seek opportunities in the workplace or in post-basic education training programs.
In Tanzania, Education for All (EFA) has served as a key focal point of coordination between the government and the international donor community. While substantial attention has centered on the challenges of ensuring the sustainability and quality of EFA, there is relatively little known about the socio-economic circumstances of young school leavers and their perceptions of education and its relation to their post-school life trajectories.
Using structuration theory as the theoretical framework to illuminate the dynamic interconnectedness of social structures and youth agency, I conducted semi-structured interviews with 14 young male and female school leavers. Disturbing patterns of social reproduction and a fundamental discontinuity between basic education and post-school challenges were revealed in the research. Yet, in view of their resilience, orientation to the future and entrepreneurial resourcefulness, findings suggest that despite profound qualitative shortcomings, aspects of basic education and the structuring effects of economic liberalization may be contributing to enhanced youth agency.
The dissertation contributes to the theoretical discourse in the study of youth phenomena by adapting and advancing Klocker’s (2007) use of the notion of thinners and thickeners of agency within structuration theory. Exploring factors like educational quality and attainment level, in addition to those already established by Klocker (tribe, gender, age, and poverty), my research shows how young people’s agency can be attenuated or accentuated in space and time. This dissertation contributes empirical, hermeneutic and narrative data to illuminate the educational experience and post-basic education realities for a group of Tanzanian youth, reducing what has heretofore been described as a paucity of such qualitative accounts of marginalized African youth and the challenges they face.
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Bernabei, Matilde. "Born on tongue, education, identity and agency of Tibetan youth in the Indian diaspora." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/MQ61532.pdf.
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Ntoyanto, Scholastica Sifeziwe. "An investigation of the effectiveness of the National Youth Development Agency monitoring and evaluation framework." University of the Western Cape, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/5585.
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Masters in Public Administration - MPAMonitoring and evaluation has in recent years been embraced by the South African government as a key feature of public service delivery. This has been used to promote efficiency in service delivery, good governance, to promote transparency in expenditure and promote financial accountability, so that set objectives can be achieved objectives. However, implementing Monitoring and Evaluation has also been challenging as a result of poor policy design, poor policy implementation, the lack of accountability and the lack of exemplary systems. The issue of service delivery efficiency remains paramount in South Africa, due to the increasing inequality gap, high levels of unemployment, service delivery protests and rising poverty. Assessing policy outcomes and impact is a weak point and major gap in policy evaluation in South Africa. This is reflected in the manner in which duplicate policies are continuously being created instead of making existing ones work, or improving upon them. More efforts should be invested into policy monitoring and evaluation instead of policy development. The study will investigate the above assertion by investigating monitoring and evaluation policy and practice in the National Youth Development Agency. The structure of this framework will be examined against the Government-wide Monitoring and Evaluation framework established by the South African government. The research will also examine monitoring and evaluation practice as carried out by the United Nations and the World Bank as they have a long history of practice. This investigation will look at activities, inputs, outputs, implementation constraints, outcome and impact assessment; it will also discuss monitoring report and policy/programme evaluation. The study will adopt a descriptive case study investigation by drawing on the viewpoints expressed by various scholars. It will also highlight policies which support and enable the practice of M & E in South Africa. This research is noteworthy in the sense that it bridges the gaps between Monitoring and Evaluation literature and Monitoring and Evaluation practice in an institution. Furthermore, it explores the complexities of Monitoring and Evaluation implementation in a department running various programmes.
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Ackerdien, Raeesah. "Student discourses: influences on identity and agency." Thesis, Nelson Mandela University, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/13625.
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South Africa‟s racialised history dates back to a colonial period where South Africans were separated by race, language and laws which prevented people of colour from mixing with those who were termed White. 22 years after the end of apartheid, race and language remain a painful part of history and a topic which is always visible in our private and public discourses. Students, as of recent, have pointed to the challenges and legacies of apartheid they face in higher education and broader society. The lack of broader transformation and racial prejudice leave a great divide amongst different groups of students. Given this background, this study sought to examine how students were making sense of themselves and others. The participants of this study included 50 second year students from the Department of Language Studies at the Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University in Port Elizabeth. This research study focused on the identity development of students and how these factors impacted their identities taking into account aspects of race, language, sense of agency and those impacting their sense of agency and sense of self. This study used a qualitative research method which involves an interpretive approach to research as this method was best suited for this study‟s analysis of student narratives. This study is a case study of the single case of second year students. The research, furthermore, used a Poststructuralist approach as theoretical underpinning and Critical Discourse Analysis for analysis of the data. Relevant literature were read and reviewed to determine what studies were saying about factors impacting on youth identity. Student narratives were analysed in order to determine which factors impacted on their identity formation, as well as the perceptions of their own identities and those of others. The results of the findings showed that students‟ identity development was affected by factors such as cultural background, parents, death of loved ones, aesthetic interest, race and language. Socio-economic inequalities in South Africa, race and language strongly defined student identities. Identities were found to be multiple and dynamic. The impact on student agency was as a result of the influences of their parents but also because of the inequalities in society. The only commonality students identified as having with other students was study. Students revealed that they did not cross racial or language boundaries to socialise with other students. There were students who indicated that they resisted racial categorisations and spoke of the celebration of diversity in South Africa but these were in the minority. Unlike previous studies that showed students wanting to move on to a new unified South Africa while simultaneously using old apartheid discourses, this study showed that students remained rooted in these discourses but reverted to these discourses because of societal inequalities. They did not foresee any moves to a new unified South Africa if inequalities not addressed. They were more radical about what a new future looks like with the battle against privilege won. Language was identified as a barrier and the fallacies of English being linked to superior intelligence was pointed out. The divides between White and Black students were apparent in the data. The study therefore recommended that curriculation of modules be undertaken with teaching of fluidity of identities and providing of critical tools for students to deconstruct race and language. The South African context should be foregrounded in all faculty study areas so that students work to a public good that seeks to eradicate inequalities. Safe spaces need to be provided for debating of these issues as well as social spaces for interaction across racial divides.
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Baker, Jack David. "Interdisciplinary Evaluation of Youth Participatory Action Research." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1538816180877824.
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Häggroth, Nathalie, and Emelie Eriksson. "Bland äckliga fittor och kunskapsluckor : En kritisk analys av tonårstjejers sexuella agens och dess frigörande och diciplinerande potential, baserat på berättelser av barnmorskor och kuratorer." Thesis, Högskolan Dalarna, Sociologi, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:du-13935.
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Ett använt begrepp när det gäller tonårstjejer och sexualitet är sexuell agens, att handla efter egna beslut. Avsikten med denna studie är att nå en ökad förståelse av vad som påverkar utvecklingen av sexuell agens hos tonårstjejer, utifrån berättelser av två professioner vid ungdomsmottagningar. Syftet är också att göra en kritisk analys och en sociologisk teoretisering av upplevelsen av sexuell agens samt utifrån ett maktperspektiv utreda dess disciplinerande och frigörande potential. Tidigare forskning visar främst att det finns en avsaknad av lust och kunskap hos tonårstjejer samt att deras förmåga att ta självständiga beslut i relation till sexualitet är avhängt deras agens. I denna studie genomfördes kvalitativa intervjuer med barnmorskor och kuratorer vid ungdomsmottagningar. Tematisk analysmetod användes vid tolkningsförfarandet. Det empiriska materialet visade bland annat att tonårstjejers agens är influerat av yttre påverkan, gränssättning, skam, självförtroende och kunskap. För att nå en sociologisk förståelse av det empiriska materialet har sociologiska perspektiv på sexualitet, makt samt Foucaults teori om kroppens disciplinering använts. Baserat på professionerna vid ungdomsmottagningarna visade analysen att utvecklingen av sexuell agens gynnas av kunskap och självförtroende, hämmas av påverkan och skam samt både gynnas och hämmas av gränssättning. Den fördjupade analysen visade att sexuell agens kan skapa autonoma beslut, vilket minskar sårbarheten för maktens disciplin och därmed verkar frigörande inom disciplinens egendefinierade gränser. En avslutande slutsats var att upplevelsen av sexuell agens bör förstås som främst disciplinerande.A concept that has been used in relation to teenage girls and sexuality is sexual agency, to act upon independent decision. The purpose of this study is to reach a better understanding of what influences the development of sexual agency in teenage girls, based on narratives of two professions at youth clinics. It also aims to make a critical analysis and a sociological theorization of the perception of sexual agency and from a power perspective investigate its disciplining and liberating potential. Previous research’s primary conclusion is that there is a lack of desire and knowledge among teenage girls. Their ability to take independent decisions in relation to sexuality depends on their agency. In this study qualitative interviews were conducted with midwives and counselors at youth clinics. Thematic analysis was used in the interpretation process. The empirical material showed that teenage girls’ agency is influenced by external influences, limit-setting, shame, self-confidence and knowledge. To reach a sociological understanding of the empirical material sociological perspectives on sexuality, power and Foucault's theory of disciplining the body have been used. Based on professions at youth clinics, the analysis showed that the development of sexual agency benefit from knowledge and confidence is hampered by influence and shame, and both benefits and hampers by boundaries. The enhanced analysis showed that sexual agency may create more autonomous decisions, reducing vulnerability to disciplining forces and thereby has liberating effects within the self-defined boundaries of the discipline. One final conclusion was that the perception of sexual agency should be understood as primarily disciplining.
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Finn, Natalie K. "Identifying Targets for Quality Improvement in a Community Child Mental Health Agency." VCU Scholars Compass, 2019. https://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/6107.
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The implementation of evidence-based practices has great potential to improve the quality of children’s services; however, with a large variety of available practices, it can be challenging to select targets for quality improvement in community-based treatment. This study used a method called relevance mapping to identify how thoroughly evidence-based programs could cover a specific population of children seeking services at a large public agency and identify practice elements relevant to these clients. A therapist survey was used to examine current practice at the agency. Eight therapists at the agency reported on their practice delivery for 141 clients. Results from relevance mapping and therapist surveys were combined to create practice profiles for two predominant diagnostic categories seen at the agency: substance use and depression. These practice profiles were used to identify three areas of interest for agency quality improvement with regard to practice element delivery: Agency Strengths, Opportunities, and Weaknesses. Results demonstrate a potential blueprint for tailoring specific feedback to an agency for use in quality improvement efforts.
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Meloni, Francesca. "Living with uncertainty: an ethnographic study on the agency and belonging of undocumented youth in Canada." Thesis, McGill University, 2014. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=123228.
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Little is known about the lives of undocumented immigrants in Canada, and even less about the experiences of undocumented youth. Drawing on ethnographic fieldwork, this thesis examines the complex interplay between immigration policies and the lives of undocumented youth (14-20 years old) from Latin-American and Caribbean countries living in Montreal. There are two main objectives of this thesis. Firstly, through an examination of Canadian laws and court decisions in recent decades, it aims to investigate how immigration policies define undocumented minors as both threatening Others and vulnerable beings, rendering them voiceless. These policies of social exclusion dramatically shape these young people's lives, by frustrating their everyday interactions and limiting their access to services. Secondly, drawing on ethnographic fieldwork conducted with undocumented youth, this thesis aims to explore how these subjects, in turn, actively reinterpret their subjugated social positions and assert their agency. It demonstrates how the multiplicity of strategies developed by undocumented youth to cope with the uncertainty and liminality engendered by their migratory status, is rooted within complex relationships of interdependence and an ambivalent sense of belonging. As this thesis reveals, youths' lives and understandings of who they are cannot be understood through narratives of victimhood or resistance. Rather, youth have diverse, complex and sometimes paradoxical ways of regaining their voices and situating themselves in ambivalent and ambiguous ways of being "here". It is only through an examination of this ambiguity of youths' agency and ways of belonging, as well as through empirical research, that we can improve our ability to address this population's needs and the impact of immigration policies on their lives.On connait peu de choses sur la vie des immigrants sans papiers au Canada, et encore moins lorsqu'il s'agit des jeunes. À partir d'un terrain ethnographique, cette thèse examine les interactions complexes entre les politiques d'immigration et les vies de jeunes migrants (14-20 ans) sans papiers, issus de pays latino-américains ou caribéens et vivant à Montréal. Cette thèse a deux objectifs principaux. Premièrement, à partir de l'étude des lois et décisions juridiques de la dernière décennie au Canada, cette thèse vise à explorer comment les politiques d'immigration construisent des jeunes migrants simultanément comme des Autres menaçants et comme des êtres vulnérables, leur enlevant ainsi leur voix. Ces politiques d'exclusions sociales transforment dramatiquement la vie de ces jeunes en limitant les possibilités de leurs interactions quotidiennes et en restreignant leur accès à des services sociaux. Deuxièmement, à partir d'un terrain ethnographique réalisé auprès de jeunes migrants sans papiers, cette thèse a comme objectif de comprendre comment ces sujets réinterprètent activement leur position sociale subordonnée et affirment leur pouvoir d'agir. La thèse postule que la multiplicité des stratégies développées par les jeunes migrants pour faire face aux incertitudes et à la liminalité découlant de leur statut migratoire est ancré dans de complexes relations d'interdépendance et dans des sentiments ambivalents d'appartenance. Comme cette étude le montre, la vie de ces jeunes et les façons dont ils conçoivent leur existence ne devraient pas être interprétées comme des récits de victimisation ou de résistance. Les jeunes ont plutôt des façons multiples, complexes et parfois paradoxales de (re)prendre parole, en se situant de façon ambivalente et ambigüe comme étant "présents". Ce n'est qu'à travers l'examen du pouvoir d'agir et des appartenances ambivalentes des jeunes ainsi qu'à travers des recherches empiriques que nous pourrons améliorer notre capacité à répondre aux besoins des jeunes migrants sans papiers et comprendre l'impact des politiques migratoires sur leurs vies.
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Ince, Merlin Ince. "Youth employability in ghetto neighbourhoods: The role of personal agency in reproducing or transforming social structures." Doctoral thesis, University of Cape Town, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/28349.
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This thesis explores variations in employment outcomes among youth living under similar structural conditions of poverty and unemployment in ghetto neighbourhoods. It challenges structuralist accounts that ignore the role of personal agency and hold that structures alone determine action. The critical realist framework offers a helpful understanding of social structures as both material and cultural since human agency, or action, is influenced by circumstances that are both materially objective and culturally subjective. By probing the interaction of agency and structure this research shows that individual agency is a response to cultural beliefs and competing cultural norms. The ensuing worldview informs decisions and actions of youth which, under different cultures and material family structures, either reproduce or transform their educational and employment prospects in ghetto neighbourhoods. Ten case studies are analysed from youth in Manenberg, Cape Town, a neighbourhood that was historically segregated through the apartheid system of forced removals and resettlement. In-depth interviews provide evidence from life histories, experiences of education institutions and of looking for work. Further information is gathered from interviews with secondary participants, apart from participant observation in family and community activities through an ethnographic approach. Findings reveal that the culture of disengaged parenting leaves youth exposed only to the influence of low education and employment expectations such that they despondently relinquish career aspirations by dropping out of school, remaining unemployed and underemployed as a result. By contrast, consistent mentoring from parents entails a culture that competes with the negative influence of gangs and enables resilience among youth to pursue tertiary education. Youth thereby transform, rather than reproduce, their position in the labour market as unemployed or underemployed unskilled manual workers. Similarly, social networks beyond the neighbourhood provide youth with job information, supportive resources, and cultural capital, which enable them to conceptualise ideas of professional careers. This transforms the historical and contemporary material structure of ghetto neighbourhoods with socially isolated networks that limit youth to low-skilled employment opportunities. Such networks do not support personal agency towards alternative employment and youth resort to cultural practices of gangsterism, irregular and informal work.
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Rigby, Paul. "Youth justice at the interface : the development of a multi-professional team in a multi-agency partnership." Thesis, University of Stirling, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/16784.
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This thesis investigates the development of a multi-professional youth justice team in Falkirk,Central Scotland, established following the Scottish Executive (2000) Youth Crime Review. The contribution of the multi-professional team was examined in relation to the potential benefits of having a range of professionals in one team operating in broader partnership arrangements. The extent that these arrangements facilitated implementation of evidence-based practice was also explored. Local strategy was analysed as a constituent of national policy, as Scotland began to develop a youth justice system containing aspects of the `Third Way' corporatist, managerial model evident in England and Wales. The multi-professional youth justice project of Connect was the focus of the thesis, although close multi-agency networks necessitated analysis of wider partnership arrangements. Employing a multi-methods case study approach maximised the available data and provided a rich understanding of the context and processes of local policy development. Interviews with a range of stakeholders in the Falkirk area constituted the primary data source, supported by observation of the working arrangements, document analysis and secondary statistical data. Elements of action research allowed ongoing data to be utilised by Falkirk Council to develop service provision while the research progressed. Findings are examined in relation to the wider theoretical implications of adopting a `what works' agenda in a youth justice system that has, for over thirty years, been predicated on a diversionary welfare principle. The arrangements in Falkirk may provide a model for multiprofessional youth justice work that does not embrace a centralised, punitive agenda. The research indicated that a multi-professional project could make a positive contribution to wider multi-agency arrangements, supporting the government aims of increased partnership working. It also suggested that operational developments, facilitated by practitioners in a bottom-up approach, could implement change capable of delivering services utilised and appreciated by service users, and meeting the standards set by the Scottish Executive. Further research will be necessary to provide evidence regarding the effectiveness of specific partnership arrangements in reducing offending and improving the circumstances of young people. While the individual nature of local authority responses to the Youth Crime Review indicates that a national solution may not be desirable, the findings from Falkirk provide data about those factors that may facilitate or inhibit developments in partnership working, which is now part of the framework of youth justice provision in Scotland. Individual case studies can provide evidence that youth justice practice in Scotland can retain a local, child centred focus. Such evidence may halt further moves towards a `one size fits all' justice model, which predominates in England and Wales.
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Barnett, Laura Kelly. "Pleasure, agency, space and place : an ethnography of youth drinking cultures in a South West London community." Thesis, Canterbury Christ Church University, 2017. http://create.canterbury.ac.uk/17354/.
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Media, government and public discourse in the UK associate young drinkers as mindless, hedonistic consumers of alcohol, resulting in young people epitomising ‘Binge Britain’. This preoccupation with ‘binge’ drinking amplifies moral panics surrounding youth alcohol consumption whereby consideration of the social and cultural nuances of pleasure that give meaning to young people’s excessive drinking practices and values has been given little priority. This sociological study explores how young drinkers regulate their drinking practices through levels of agency which is informed by values linked to the pursuit of pleasurable intoxication alongside friendship groups in a variety of drinking settings. Data informing this study comes from contextualised ethnographic fieldwork alongside heterogeneous groups of young people and community members in an area of South West London. Whilst encountering hundreds of participants in fieldwork, data informing this research stems from ninety main protagonists. Following a qualitative grounded theoretical approach, the study prioritises the voice and everyday experience of young drinkers and local community members to present theoretical descriptions of youth drinking cultures embedded in a historical, social, cultural and spatial context. Through the ethnographic data, this thesis argues that young drinkers show levels of agency in their pursuit of pleasurable drinking experiences through conscious forms of self-governance and regulation which are informed by learned experiences and interactions such as gender. Moreover, youth drinking is both enabled and restricted by constraints and complexities such as space and place; which form central points of analysis in this thesis. It is concluded that accounts derived directly from young people are not only central to understanding how and why young people engage in forms of excessive drinking, but can better inform national and local alcohol-related policies and strategies, as opposed to discourse preoccupied with UK ‘binge’ drinking that young people rarely identify with.
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Post, Rosalie Anne. "'God will help me' : Of hopes and uncertainties, tactics and futures among Kampalan A-level students." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för kulturantropologi och etnologi, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-276908.
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This thesis investigates how A-level students (aged 17-26) in and around Kampala, Uganda, manage uncertainties in their present lives and futures. There are large discrepancies between international and national discourses on education, the students’ ambitious hopes and dreams, and the realities they witness. The research’s main source of data are 63 semi-structured interviews with high school students of various socio-economic backgrounds in four different schools. The thesis provides an analysis of the tactical agency the students display while negotiating with discourses, networks and steep competition. The main argument of the thesis is that uncertainty can be a productive force, and tactical agency necessary to navigate an African urban space at present.
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Chiu, Grace May. "Why not share the knowledge? how after-school community technology centers nurture community and agency among urban adolescent peer support networks /." Diss., Restricted to subscribing institutions, 2008. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1666165081&sid=7&Fmt=2&clientId=1564&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
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Överlien, Carolina. "Girls on the verge of exploding? : voices on sexual abuse, agency and sexuality at a youth detention home /." Linköping : Department of Child Studies, Linköping University, 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-4826.
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Överlien, Carolina. "Girls on the Verge of Exploding? : Voices on Sexual Abuse, Agency and Sexuality at a Youth Detention Home." Doctoral thesis, Linköpings universitet, Tema Barn, 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-4826.
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The present thesis investigates the dilemmas and difficulties the staff at a youth detention home encounter and struggle with when working with young women who are understood to be victims of sexual abuse. At the center of attention is talk about the problems of talking about sexual abuse and other difficult experiences. The overall aim in conducting the study was to open up an arena that has been neglected and little investigated - youth detention homes for girls and young women, by talking to staff and the young women at the detention homes, and talking about sexual abuse. Also in focus was the young women's own thinking about the body and sexuality. The findings are presented in five articles. The first article examines what discursive devices are employed when using the focus group method when talking to the young women in forced care. The study shows in what ways the focus groups is a fruitful method for studying marginalized young women and their views and thoughts about being young women today. The second article addressed the issue of how the staff form narratives of sexual abuse. Stories of sexual abuse were "power stories" as well as "work identity stories" and were considered to have the power to heal as well as the power to harm. The third article examines the process leading up to the definition of sexual abuse. The study is concerned with the process in which the staff members define whether or not a young woman has been a victim of sexual abuse. A determining factor was whether or not the act involved a person who was defined as a victim. A core issue was an evaluation of the credibility of the alleged abused girl and the degree of consent. The fourth article addresses the issue of how the staff and the young women at the detention home talk about sexuality. The article compares the different views of the staff and the young women and concludes that the staff talk about the young women as asexual children and as victims of sexual abuse, and the young women talk about themselves as having sexual agency. Finally, the fifth article shows how the young women talk abut childbearing and motherhood. The study shows that the issue of talking about sexual abuse and other difficult experiences is complex. The different views of how to talk about sexual abuse, whether to talk about sexual abuse, when to talk and to whom, as well as the question about whether there is a need to talk, makes the issue of talking about sexual abuse multi-layered and contradictory.
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Casaperalta, Velazquez Edyael Del Carmen. "INFLUENCE OF TRAJECTORY AND AGENCY ON STRATEGIES OF INCORPORATION AND IDENTITY OF IMMIGRANT YOUTH: A CASE STUDY OF NEW LIFE HIGH SCHOOL." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1187742144.
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Kolbel, Andrea. "Youth, aspiration, and mobility : young people debating their potential futures in Nepal." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2015. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:b3eeb020-7e1a-41ed-b6aa-f4c64c69a373.
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This study is centrally concerned with young people's capacity to identify and realise promising educational and occupational pathways. Whilst it is now well established among social scientists that young people have agency, much less is known about what types of agency young people might demonstrate. Based on field research conducted in 2011-2012 with a group of young people studying, working, and living in Nepal's capital city, Kathmandu, the present study scrutinises Western-inspired approaches prevalent in the scholarship on youth which equate agency to resistance and individuality. It does so, by bringing the literature on youth agency into conversation with theoretical work on the concepts of aspiration and mobility. Through an in-depth analysis of young people's time-space-strategies, the thesis contributes to existing literature in three ways: First, it shows that young people may grow in power as they learn to fulfil social obligations and foster stronger relationships with other people. Second, it illustrates that young people's agency may not only take the form of observable practices, but may also reside in young people’s active efforts to think through their options for improving their own and other people's situation. Third, it highlights the importance of young people's spatial mobilities and immobilities in negotiating various social pressures and in developing a sense of themselves as competent, educated, and successful people. The findings of this thesis are, therefore, of relevance to the interdisciplinary field of youth studies as well as to emerging debates in geography about the apparent need to produce 'aspirational citizens' and about the meanings attached to spatial (im)mobility in contemporary societies.
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Muftee, Mehek. "“That will be your home” : Resettlement preparations for children and youth from the Horn of Africa." Doctoral thesis, Linköpings universitet, Tema Barn, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-108898.
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This thesis analyzes how children and youth being resettled from Kenya and Sudan were prepared for their upcoming resettlement to Sweden, through cultural orientation programs (COPs). COPs are held for refugees who have been granted permanent Swedish residence and are undergoing resettlement to Sweden. The Swedish Migration Board, in charge of resettlement, carries out COPs as a means to inform and prepare refugees for the move to Sweden. This thesis is based on ethnographic work carried out during COPs held in Kenya and Sudan in 2011. Through video-based observation of the meetings between the Swedish delegations and children and youth, current thesis examines what notions of resettlement and refugeeness inform the delegations work, and how does the children’s agency come about during these meetings? The thesis includes three articles. Article 1 examines how the delegations make use of images in order to establish certain ideas of Sweden and the ideal citizen specifically tailored for the group being resettled. Article 2 explores children’s agency within the COPs, focusing on how the children and youth manage the meetings and sometimes resisting being positioned in certain ways by the delegations. Article 3 analyzes how notions of gender equality are drawn upon by the delegations during their work, a topic frequently highlighted by the delegations in various implicit and dilemmatic ways. The thesis shows how the delegations’ work is carried out in paradoxical ways. Their quest to bring forth the ideal future as a means to instill hope among the children simultaneously ends up categorizing them as different and as others. The representatives draw n ideas that the children need to be socialized in order to be incorporated into another “us”.Avhandlingen undersöker hur barn och ungdomar förbereds inför sin vidarebosättning genom så kallade Sverigeprogram. Avhandlingen är baserad på en etnografisk studie där video observationer genomförts av Sverigeprogram som hölls utav Migrationsverket i Kenya och Sudan för familjer som var på väg att vidarebosättas till Sverige. Som ett led i vidarebosättningsprocessen informeras och förbereds flyktingar inför flytten till Sverige. Syftet är att informera och presentera Sverige, skapa dialog och verka för flyktingarnas aktiva medverkan i sin vidarebosättningsprocess. Sedan några år tillbaka har speciella program genomförts för barn och ungdomar. Avhandlingen visar hur de två delegationerna arbetar med bilder och information med syftet att presentera en positiv bild av Sverige i ett led i att inge barnen hopp. Praktiken av att presentera idealbilden av Sverige hänger samman med socialiseringsprocess av barnen som stundtals positioneras som avvikande från svenskheten. Delegationernas arbete med att presentera bilden av den fria individen går hand i hand med en vilja att inkorporera barnen i en ny gemenskap, ett nytt ”vi”. I artikel ett undersöks hur delegationerna arbeter med bilder som visas upp genom olika praktiker för att förmedla en viss bild av Sverige samt den ideala medborgaren som ansvarstagande och aktiv. Artikel två fokuserar på barns agens och hur de under mötena med delegationerna förhandlar och gör motstånd mot stereotypifiering men också ställer egna frågor om framtiden när utrymme ges. Artikel tre fokuserar på hur delegationerna pratar om jämställdhet med unga tjejer som deltar i programmen med utgångspunkt i att stärka tjejerna och informera de om rättigheter men hur arbetet med att presentera ett liv i frihet går hand i hand med att även presentera hur detta liv bör se ut vilket paradoxalt nog positionerar tjejerna som ojämställda och annorlunda.
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Kodet, Jonathan. "EFFECTIVENESS OF PSYCHOTHERAPY FOR YOUTH IN POVERTY: A BENCHMARKING STUDY OF A PUBLIC BEHAVIORAL HEALTH AGENCY USING A CLIENT FEEDBACK SYSTEM." UKnowledge, 2015. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/edp_etds/41.
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Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a public behavioral health (PBH) agency that had implemented continuous outcome feedback as a quality improvement strategy.
Method: I investigated the pre-post treatment outcomes of 4,389 ethnically diverse youths (6 to 17 years old) at or under the poverty line participating in treatment (from January 2008 to March 2014) for a broad range of primary diagnoses including depression and anxiety disorders (23%); adjustment disorders (27%); Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (13%), various V-codes (18%); bipolar disorders (3%); and substance use disorders (2%). I also investigated the treatment outcomes for a subset of youth (N = 469) presenting with depression-related psychological distress. Treatment outcome was measured with the Outcome Rating Scale (ORS; Duncan, 2011; Miller & Duncan, 2004) and the child version: Child Outcome Rating Scale (Duncan Sparks, Miller, Bohanske, & Claud, 2006). Benchmark methodology allowed effect size comparisons to randomized clinical trials.
Results: The average treatment effect size estimate of psychotherapy (d = 0.74) for all youth at the PBH agency was comparable to the average effect size estimate for treatment from nine clinical trials using client feedback, yet not equivalent to an average effect size estimate from feedback trials using the ORS. Compared to treatment-as-usual (TAU) groups, treatment at PBH was clinically superior to the TAU group outcomes in both the benchmark from all nine feedback trials and the TAU benchmark from the three ORS trials. The average treatment effect size estimate of psychotherapy (d = 1.51) for the PBH depression sample was clinically superior to a waitlist/no treatment benchmark drawn from 17 clinical trials of youth depression, and clinically equivalent to a treatment benchmark drawn from 13 youth depression clinical trials using intent-to-treat analyses.
Conclusions: Despite the existing socioeconomic disparities in mental healthcare for youth, these findings demonstrate that mental health services to youth in poverty across an entire agency can be effective. Continuous outcome feedback can bridge the gap between research and practice and may be a feasible strategy to ensure quality of services for PBH agencies.
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Baker, Razan. "Online social networks and Saudi youth participation in physical activity." Thesis, Brunel University, 2016. http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/14522.
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Previous studies targeting youth participation in physical activity have argued that self-motivation is the main key to increasing participation. However, few studies have focused specifically on the role of structural factors in prompting youth participation in physical activity. The structure may include people, and institutions that are introducing, providing and facilitating physical activity to youth. Therefore, this study focuses on the role of the structure surrounding youth. The study takes youth in Saudi Arabia aged 15-24 as its subjects in order to examine the use of three online social networks (OSNs), i.e., Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram, for communication and exchange of resources and the influence on participation of key decision makers such as home (parents and siblings), school (Ministry of Education and PE teachers), physical activity and sports clubs (General Authority of Sports [GAS]), and friends. The study uses mixed methods and follows the social network structural theory to examine how the exchange of resources (e.g., information, emotional support, financial support, and facilities and services) takes place between agent and structure. The main findings are that the structure plays a role in influencing participation among Saudi youth. Friends are of great influence, as they occupy the longest hours of youth time both at school, where friends interact in person, and outside of school, where friends communicate through OSNs. An Islamic and conservative society prevails in Saudi Arabia, where 99 per cent of the population is Muslim. Therefore, in addition to the structural factors noted above, religion is also investigated. Indeed, Islam drives motivation in this large conservative group as individuals learn to obey and implement the religious advice and Islamic teachings of the prophet Mohammed (peace be upon him), including those messages with relation to becoming a healthy and strong Muslim. Finally, the study also focuses on the participation of Saudi female youth in physical activity. Due to cultural reasons preventing women from participating in physical activity as freely and equally as their male peers in the country, Saudi Arabia has seen an increasing percentage of obese women. The main aim of this research is to understand the relationship between agency and structure and thereby to identify the role of structure in increasing the participation of youth in physical activity. The research question (How do OSNs facilitate Saudi youth participation in physical activity?) investigates the relationship between agency and structure to delineate the pattern of information exchange regarding resources for involvement in physical activity. Through the use of mixed methods including face-to-face interviews, online survey and digital ethnography, the researcher investigates how youth social networks function both offline and online. The study concludes that decision makers in the field of physical activity participation in Saudi Arabia vary in their level of encouragement, influence and communication. Family members do not seem to communicate with youth via online platforms, but they do play a crucial role in offline social networks. Private institutions are becoming very active in OSNs, and public institutions are following the trend, albeit at a slower pace. The study shows that physical activity facilitators in Saudi Arabia are still failing to effectively reach youth and encourage them to participate in physical activity. Various policies need to be reviewed and enhanced if the public institutions do indeed want to reach more youth and benefit youth and the community, including the female youth, who make up more than half of the population. The study shows that the way to develop these policies is to communicate with youth via OSNs and to provide youth with more facilities, venues and services in the country that are suitable for both genders.
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Meyers, Rosemary E. "MAYSI-2: Local normative data and utility with juvenile offenders in a juvenile justice system agency." Xavier University / OhioLINK, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=xavier1385994720.
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Tete, Suzanne Y. A. "Narratives of Hope? Displacement Narratives of Liberian Refugee Women and Children in the Gomoa-Budumburam Refugee Camp in Ghana." Thesis, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Social Sciences and Technology Management, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-581.
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The refugee problem is a canker in contemporary human affairs without the ‘limboness’ that protractedness adds to it. Yet many refugee situations, especially in Africa, become forgotten emergencies as women assume new roles both at the family and community level, whilst children are born and bred in camps which were meant to be temporary in the first place.
This study explores the life situation of Liberian Refugee Women and Children at the Gomoa Budumburam Refugee Settlement in Ghana. It examines the livelihood means they employ as a means of coping, emphasisng their security and educational concerns. It touches on the challenges faced by the camp children or the youth a they strive to deal with their situation and assign meaning to their lives. Actor-oriented theories help conceptualise ways in which the refugees display agency in mediating the structures that enable them and/or constrain them in their protracted displacement. In view of the need to find solutions to the refugee problem, the three proposed solutions are examined in the light of the reasons informing refugees’ choice of one solution over the other. The concepts of Space and Place help analyse the realities of the solutions available vis-à-vis the preferred choice of the refugees. Highlighting the importance of hearing refugees’ voice on problems and solutions they consider viable in their situation, a qualitative methodological approach is employed. This is complemented by observations, focus group discussions, informal conversations as well as secondary data sources.
The analysis relates the data collected to the outlined objectives, research questions and theories. It brings to the fore the resourcefulness displayed by the refugees as they employ various strategies to cope on a short and long term basis. The study has also revealed the refugees’ ideas about “home” as where one makes it, rather than a nostalgic country of origin to which one must return for life to be complete. (S) GBV has been highlighted as an area needing more attention than that accorded it presently if the causes of women’s vulnerabilities are to be addressed in a wholesome way. Suggestions have been made based on refugees’ recommendation as well as that of the organizations in place and the researcher’s.
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Emitslöf, Emma. "‘The way we are speechless doesn’t mean our heads are empty’ - an analysis of Rwandan hip-hop and its ambivalences as a youth cultural expression tool in Kigali." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Kulturantropologiska avdelningen, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-232741.
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Anthropologists have frequently used music in general and popular music in particular as a means to gain a perspective into everyday realities of young Africans lives. Attempting to place myself amongst this range of researchers, I use the position of Rwandan hip-hop as a point of departure to examine how young men in Kigali relate to and shape their realities in terms of politics, freedom of expression, and the creation of space and opportunities in the Rwandan society. My study is based on two and a half months of fieldwork in Kigali during the period between August and October of 2013. The empirical material upon which my arguments rely consists of interviews with young hip-hop Rwandans located in Kigali, who were almost exclusively male. It is also drawn from classical anthropological methods of participant observations and daily partaking in the lives of my informants. My analytical understanding of this material is mainly based upon notions of agency and structure, and contextualized within contemporary Africanist scholars’ research on modern music and youth. By looking at the historical context of Rwanda, the current state of youth in Kigali, and the contemporary atmosphere of politics and hip-hop music, I seek to understand the contradictive role of music as an arena for youth to express themselves. Through the stories of young hip-hop men, I describe and communicate their perceptions of constrains related to historical and socio-political sensitivities, feelings of fear connected to outspokenness, and alternative means to voice their opinions. I illustrate how these young men use innovative strategies and metaphorical language as a way to negotiate with some of these constrains as well as to influence each other and embody senses of oppositional opinions and collective empowerment. I also examine how national politics and governmental initiatives have increasingly become intertwined with the music and how it is trying to take advantage of its attractiveness as a youth medium. Ultimately, I discuss how the impact of Rwandan hip-hop can be seen as double-ended, serving the interests of both governmental policies and the youth who in different ways are trying to liberate themselves from political constrains, and how this affect the empowering potential of the music.
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Hogden, Rachel Lesley. "Understanding the experiences of long-term unemployed young adults (aged 18-24) in the South West of England." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10871/24096.
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This thesis is concerned with the experiences of an under-researched group of long-term unemployed young adults aged 18 – 24 years old. The research was undertaken in the South West of England between July 2010 and January 2013; a period of economic uncertainty and social instability in the UK. The initial sample comprised nineteen young adults, chosen to represent the diversity of those who were unemployed at that time. The longitudinal approach allowed for an exploration of their changing attitudes and self-understandings over a two year period. Whilst the interviewees shared much in common with their younger counterparts whose experiences have been the focus of previous research, there were also some significant differences. Not only did their priorities differ as they approached their mid-twenties, but they also held the capacity to project themselves further into the future; contemplating what life might be like in five years’ time. The findings revealed a tension between culturally embedded ideas that continue to support the primacy of paid work, and the ways in which some of the young adults were able to (re)define their lives. The importance of experiences outside of paid employment emerged as significant, suggesting the need for a broader understanding of what constitutes ‘work’. Whilst some of the young adults seemed to have adopted late-modern perspectives, engaged in a form of reflexive life management, others appeared to be struggling to reconcile the opportunities available with their expectations. In part, some of the differences between the participants were linked to gendered subjectivities; with the young men finding it more challenging to make sense of their lives beyond the world of paid work. However, the young adults’ experiences could not be divided by gender alone, nor could gender be disembedded from the broader context of their lives: their family backgrounds; their historical contexts; their educations; the discourses that influence their lives; their location. These structural factors were continuously at play in the lives of the participants, but did not preclude the possibility of them exercising their agentic abilities. When considering the findings as a whole it was the young adults’ ability to experience a sense of agency, combined with a feeling of belonging, which emerged as significant.
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Casaperalta, Velazquez Edyael D. C. "Influence of trajectory and agency on strategies of incorporation and identity of immigrant youth a case study of New Life High School /." Ohio : Ohio University, 2007. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?ohiou1187742144.
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Boyes, Alison. "Neo-Liberal Governance through Toronto Press Discourse on Youth Misconduct." Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/19896.
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This research considers the place of media in society by means of a Foucaudian genealogy of welfare and neo-liberal discourse surrounding youth misconduct in two Toronto newspapers. It was found that the overall “mode of talking” about youth misconduct has shifted from welfare to neo-liberal discourse, and that resistance or critical thought surrounding current neo-liberal discourse emerges in The Globe and Mail. I explore the role of newspapers in the process of governance by analyzing these discourses in terms of Foucault’s three rationalities for “the art of government” and also by analyzing the knowledge produced or titillated and the power outcomes or effects of these discourses. It is argued that newspapers can benefit governance by reflecting, validating and perhaps even rendering current neo-liberal governmentalities more efficient, by encouraging non-government groups to assist in the management of youth misconduct.
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Myrhed, Lily. "Youth unemployment in Sweden : from the perspectives of party as actor and party as outflow of society." Thesis, Södertörn University College, School of Social Sciences, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-893.
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The aim was to analyse how the political parties, relate to questions of young individuals in Sweden, particularly to the question of youth unemployment. The theoretical basis encompassed two perspectives explaining party politics - “the party as outflow of society” and “the party as actor”, derived from the structure-agency school. Units of analysis were the parliamentary parties and their youth organisations, and the material comprised the parliament’s special debate of youth
unemployment in 2006, and text from the youth organisations' web sites. The method was qualitative with an interpretative approach. Conclusions were that young individuals in society have a limited impact on the appearance of political parties. No party has a stable responsiveness to questions of young individuals; only three out of the seven youth organisations had the current youth unemployment on the agenda (parties as outflow of society). All parties had suggestions on how to combat unemployment, but not all had suggestions directed towards youth in particular. The proposals were adjusted to other party policies to facilitate a power position through alliances
(parties as actors). The Centre party brought forward the current youth unemployment the most and “the special youth agreements” might attract new voters, including young individuals, but could also deter traditional voters.
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Brain, Ruth. "Being a teen, tween and in-between girl in Mitchell's Plain: toward a heterogenous conception of youth agency in a Global South city." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/32457.
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How do young South Africans assert agency? This study uses Emirbayer and Mische's (1998) theoretical conception of agency as temporally embedded and constantly reconfiguring; and combines it with the idea of shifting strategies as manifestations of agency. I introduce the seminal works in South African everyday youth literature to orient my study to explore how youth in South Africa assert agency through everyday strategies. Using qualitative methods - photo voice, focus groups, mapping and individual interviews - with four teenage girls from a high school in Mitchell's Plain, this study offers an enriched approach to a conception of youth agency, by overlaying a youth study with a theoretical conception of agency. The girls' everyday accounts show that as young teenagers they are waiting to enter the unknown prospect of teenagehood. To navigate their everyday lives, they draw on iterative (past), practical evaluative (present) and projective (future) agency in shifting configurations to maximise their agency in their lifeworlds. Although their agency is in tension with structures of safety concerns, familial expectations and culturally validated narratives of being a 'good girl'; the girls find ways around and through these limitations by strategically asserting their agency. This study applies a comprehensive theory of agency to a small youth study with rich everyday descriptions, in an effort towards enriching and grounding a conception of youth agency in an urban environment in the Global South.
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Müller, Miriam. "Girls’ Agency and Decision-making around Teenage Motherhood – A qualitative study in Nicaragua." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/20388.
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Nicaragua hat eine der höchsten Teenager-Geburtenraten in Lateinamerika. Das Ziel dieser Studie ist es, die subtilen Konzepte, Wahrnehmungen, Überzeugungen und Einflussfaktoren zu verstehen, die zu unterschiedlichen Fertilitätsentscheidungen junger Frauen führen können. Die Ergebnisse basieren auf qualitativen Daten, die im städtischen Nicaragua erhoben wurden. Die Studie zeigt, dass zwei strukturelle Beschränkungen die Wahlmöglichkeiten von Frauen und ihre Fähigkeit beeinflussen, aktiv an der Definition ihrer Lebenswege teilzunehmen: Armut und traditionelle Geschlechternormen. In einer armen Umgebung aufzuwachsen, bedeutet nicht nur finanzielle Benachteiligung, sondern auch mangelnde Bildungsqualität, Mangel an effektivem und zeitnahem Zugang zu Gesundheitsdiensten, Gewalt in den Wohnvierteln, Mangel an Chancen auf dem Arbeitsmarkt, Mangel an positiven Vorbildern. Darüber hinaus beeinflussen traditionelle Geschlechternormen das sexuelle Verhalten junger Frauen, ihre Interaktionen mit ihren Familien und Partnern und die Art und Weise, wie sie sich ihr Leben vorstellen. Diese Faktoren haben nicht nur Auswirkungen auf den Entscheidungsprozess, sondern auch auf die Konsequenzen dieser Entscheidungen für die jungen Frauen und ihre Kinder.Nicaragua has one of the highest adolescent fertility rates in the region. The objective of this study is to understand the subtle concepts, perceptions, beliefs, and influencing factors that may lead to different fertility outcomes among young women. The results are based on qualitative data collected in urban Nicaragua. The study shows that two structural constraints affect women’s choices and their capacity to actively participate in defining their life paths: poverty and traditional gender norms. Growing up in a poor environment not only means monetary deprivation, but also exposure to a lack of quality education, a lack of effective and timely access to health services, violence in neighborhoods, an absence of opportunities in the labor market, and a lack of positive role models. In addition, traditional gender norms affect young women’s sexual behavior, their interactions with their families and partners, and the way they envision their lives. Those factors have implications not only for the process of decision-making, but also for the outcomes of those decisions for the young women and their children.
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Folcker, Emelie. "Exploring the professional perception of multi agency approaches to assist young people involved in violent and offending behavior in Glasgow." Thesis, Ersta Sköndal högskola, Institutionen för socialvetenskap, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:esh:diva-2503.
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This thesis explores eight professionals’ views on the use of the multi-agency approach to assist young people involved in violent and offending behaviour. Parallel to this overall purpose, this thesis also examines the professionals’ views on possible risk factors for the involvement in such behaviour, and their perception of possible improvements to this particular approach. As a result of the policy changes during the 90’s, multi agency approaches became a popular way to deal with crime. In recent years, new frameworks and programs for multi-agency approaches have been introduced. Focus on a more streamlined multi-agency approach, as a way of targeting young people involved in violent and offending behavior, has been implemented by sharing information and working together across agencies for the benefit of children and young people. The method of this thesis applied semi-structured interviews, all of them with 13 prepared questions, to obtain the data necessary, and used snowball sampling to expand the network of informants. The results showed that most agencies saw benefits with the multi-agency approach primarily because of the way in which one can better obtain the needs of the child/youth and accommodate these on different levels thanks to the close interaction of the agencies. Moreover, the informants displayed a unified understanding of the underlying risk factors that might contribute to the involvement in violent or offending behaviour. Primarily, the informants addressed five risk factor themes: family, drugs and alcohol, gang culture and peer pressure, deprivation, and education. As for improvements, the informants saw the biggest need for such in the area of communication, not only between agencies, but also on a societal and political level where social issues must be addressed in policy making and resource funding.
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Jane, Emily Claire. "Psychology for engaging vulnerable young people : the role of the community educational psychologist in supporting professionals who work with young people." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10036/117466.
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Paper 1: The process of engagement is essential in practice with young people at risk of social exclusion. The elements of success in building this relationship are explored to some extent in the therapeutic literature, but do not necessarily cross the discipline divide to provide clear guidance for youth work practice. This paper explored the elements of success in engaging with vulnerable young people from the perspectives of eleven vulnerable young people and ten practitioners using Personal Construct Psychology methods to elicit and compare perceptions of the process of engagement. Professionals’ personal theories of the causation and prevention of a commonly occurring case study were also investigated for their relationship to the personal constructs guiding their practice. It was found that young people prioritised the affective elements of the relationship, but that pragmatic considerations were also of high importance to them. In contrast, professionals prioritised a commitment to young person well-being, followed by factors supporting the well-being of the practitioner including self reflection. Implications for practice include an appreciation of the factors important to young people, such as genuine warmth and affect, and pragmatics that make a worker more accessible such as ad hoc availability and approachability. Paper 2: Vulnerable young people access services such as Youth Services and Youth Offending Services. Professionals in this sector have limited access to Educational Psychology. Educational Psychologists are increasingly working outside traditional settings in Community Educational Psychology roles, however more evidence is needed to illustrate the diverse possibilities of practice. This paper explores the role and perceived impact on practice of a Community Educational Psychologist coaching six, monthly sessions of Solution-Focused peer supervision with three professional peer groups from Youth Services, Youth Offending Services and Police Youth Intervention. Personal construct shifts regarding the elements of success in engaging with vulnerable young people were measured pre- and post-intervention along with role and impact themes identified through observation diaries and post-intervention semi-structured interviews. Findings included the importance of the non-intervention specific elements of the psychological supervision, the impact of Solution-Focused techniques as both a tool and process for professional development, and recommendations for further support for professionals working with vulnerable young people.
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Vaudry, Gauthier Stéphanie. "Être Inuit, jeunes et vivre en ville: le cas ottavien." Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/26261.
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Cette thèse vise à démystifier comment de jeunes Inuit font l’expérience de la vie à Ottawa. Les résultats révèlent que les participants à cette étude se positionnent et négocient leurs interactions d’après les relations qu’ils entretiennent avec les différents acteurs de leur environnement. En vue de leur maintien et équilibre, ces relations sont en constante négociation. Afin de se sentir mieux en ville, ils y aménagent des zones de confort mobiles, se créent de « miniunivers » inuit et s’ouvrent aux mondes urbains. Les jeunes Inuit profitent aussi de leur présence à Ottawa pour mieux se positionner par rapport au monde inuit, en (re)trouvant un bien-être personnel et en acquérant les outils et connaissances nécessaires pour contribuer à leur collectivité. Ils y développent notamment leur leadership par l’entremise de rencontres avec d’autres jeunes Inuit et autochtones et s’activent au sein même de la ville d’Ottawa à la transformation des réalités inuit. / This research seeks to demystify how Inuit youth experience living in Ottawa. Results reveal that, throughout their urban experiences, youth position themselves and negotiate their interactions according to their coexistence with the different elements of their environment. This relationship is constantly adjusting; it pushes them to alter their life in order to feel more comfortable in the city, develop their inner strengths and contribute to the collective effort in Ottawa. By creating comfort zones, finding Inuit spaces and exploring urban resources, the burden of balancing such different lifestyles is greatly mitigated. Inuit youth use their presence in the city to reorient their position within the Inuit world. By building self-confidence and developing skills which permit them to contribute to their community, they also develop leadership. These skills allow them to actively participate in the transformation of Inuit realities while living in Ottawa.
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Cramer, Angelica, Malin Hellman, and Zeinab Matar. "Ungdomsarbetslöshet i Borås : En kvalitativ studie om Arbetsförmedlingens handläggares arbete med ungdomar." Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Akademin för vård, arbetsliv och välfärd, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-12333.
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Baserat på SCBs statistiska mätningar, räknas ungefär var fjärde ungdom i åldersgruppen 15-24 år som arbetslös och är idag de som är högst representerad bland arbetslösa. Vägen in på arbetsmarknaden kan bli problematisk för den här åldersgruppen. Skäl som kan försvåra är avsaknad av meriter, låg utbildning och anseendet av att vara oförberedda för arbetslivet. De som är mest utsatta och svårast att matcha, är personer med en brokig bakgrund, med språksvårigheter, samt odiagnostiserade problem och inlärningssvårigheter. Syftet med uppsatsen är att undersöka på vilket sätt handläggare på Arbetsförmedlingen i Borås arbetar med att få ut arbetslösa ungdomar på arbetsmarknaden. I uppsatsen undersöks även varför handläggarna tror att det finns en viss matchningsproblematik och varför en del arbetssökande ungdomar är svårare att få ut på arbetsmarknaden än andra. För att kunna besvara frågeställningarna har kvalitativa intervjuer hållits med tre anställda på Arbetsförmedlingen, samt fyra stycken arbetslösa ungdomar. Resultatet är att de anställda begränsas av regelverk och riktlinjer i sitt arbete för att kunna hjälpa sina kunder. Den höga arbetslöshetsgraden beror på att studerande som söker extrainkomst räknas med i gruppen arbetssökande. Matchningsproblematik bidrar även till arbetslöshetsgraden. Ungdomar med en avbruten grundskole- eller gymnasieutbildning, fysiska, samt psykiska problem gör dem svårare att matcha och nära intill icke anställningsbara. De ungdomar som var arbetssökande och inskrivna hos Arbetsförmedlingen hade en brokig bakgrund eller oavslutade studier. Slutsatsen i uppsatsen är att tidigare nämnda faktorer är en bidragande orsak till matchningsproblemet. En större del av ungdomarna som har den här typen av problem hade inte kommit till Arbetsförmedlingen tidigare. De hade istället förtidspensionerats, eller skrivits in hos en annan myndighet. I dagsläget släpper Arbetsförmedlingen in alla som registrerar sig hos dem, oavsett avstånd till arbetsmarknaden, som öppet arbetslösa.Based on SCB’s statistical measurements, approximately one in every fourth youth between the ages of 15 to 24 is counted as unemployed and are today those that are the highest represented among the unemployed. The way into the Labour market can be a difficult one for this age group. Reasons that can obstruct are lack of merits, unsubstantial education and the general belief that they are unprepared for the working life. Those that are the most vulnerable and are the hardest to match are people with a dysfunctional background, linguistic difficulties, undiagnosed mental health issues and learning disabilities. The purpose of this essay is to examine how administrators at the Employment Agency in Borås work to get unemployed youths out on the Labour Market. This essay also examines why there are certain matching problems and why some youths are harder to get out on the Labour Market than others. To answer these questions, qualitative interviews have been held with three employees at the Employment Agency and four unemployed youths. In the results, the essay concludes that the high unemployed rate of youths, are because of students who seek an extra income that are included in the group of jobseekers. Matching problems are also a contributing factor to the high unemployment rate. Youths with an interrupted primary or secondary education and youths with physical and also mental issues are harder to match and make them near impossible to hire. The youths who were seeking employment and registered within the Employment Agency had a diverse background of unfinished studies and the conclusion is that these factors are contributing to the matching problems. A larger portion of youths who have this type of problem would’ve earlier not been registered in the Employment Agency before and would have been forced into early retirement, or registered with a different state agency. In the current situation, the Unemployment Agency allows anyone to register with them as openly unemployed, regardless of how far away from the Labour Market they are. This essay is written in Swedish
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Montmasson, Doriane. "La réception de la littérature de jeunesse par les enfants : une fenêtre ouverte sur le processus de socialisation." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016USPCB180/document.
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La vitalité du secteur jeunesse de l'édition est un indice, parmi d'autres, de la place importante qu'occupent encore aujourd'hui les livres dans le quotidien des enfants. Si le contenu des albums a été étudié par quelques sociologues français, la manière dont les jeunes « lecteurs » reçoivent les normes et les représentations transmises par la littérature de jeunesse n'a en revanche fait l'objet que de bien peu d'investigations sociologiques. A travers l'analyse de la manière dont les enfants comprennent et (ré)interprètent le contenu textuel et iconographique des livres, cette thèse entend non seulement mettre en lumière ce qui se joue dans l'acte de réception, mais également apporter des éléments contribuant à une meilleure compréhension du processus de socialisation. Nous centrons pour cela notre regard sur l'« alimentation », observatoire emblématique de l'ensemble des modalités de ce processus ainsi que de ses nombreuses différenciations. Par la mise en place, sur le terrain, d'un protocole expérimental permettant d'approcher le point de vue d'enfants âgés de 5 à 8 ans (et issus de milieux sociaux contrastés), cette thèse permet ainsi d'appréhender la manière dont s'agencent - de façon toujours particulière - les messages délivrés par différentes instances socialisatrices (famille, médias, école), et dont se construisent d'éventuelles appartenances à un genre et/ou à un milieu social. La capacité d'action (agency) des très jeunes enfants est de cette façon, ici, mise en jeuAmong other signs, the vitality of the children's book publishing field bears testimony to the important place books still occupy today in children's everyday lives. However, despite the fact that some French sociologists have already studied the content of children's books, the way young "readers" receive the norms and representations conveyed by this literature has been the object of very little sociological investigation. In the present thesis I analyze the way children understand and (re)interpret the textual and iconographic content of children's books, with a view to both shedding light on what is really at stake in the act of reception, and also bringing elements that might contribute to better understanding the process of socialization. I focus on "food," as it is an iconic observation tool for the entirety of this process's modalities and its many differentiations. An experimental protocol implemented on the field has allowed me to approach the point of view of 5- to 8-year-old children coming from various social backgrounds, and thus to study the way the messages conveyed by the various agents of socialization (such as family, mass media, and school) are organized, as well as the construction of potential belongings to a gender and/or social group. In this regard, the agency of very young children is also addressed
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Bagne, Weinstock Vincent. "Re-Imagining Civic Influence in Contemporary Uganda : A Study of Pentecostalism´s Role in the Empowerment of Kampala Youth." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Teologiska institutionen, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-384706.
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This thesis explores what role Pentecostalism has as an emerging actor in Uganda in terms of empowering the largely marginalised youth population. Therefore, the purpose of the thesis is to examine how Pentecostalism may contribute to youth´s participation and influence in society and, as such, the realisation of their civil rights as the sovereigns of the country. Based on two months of field research, the thesis is constituted mainly by empirical material from interviews with Pentecostal youth1 in Kampala, as well as contextualising secondary material. This material is then analysed through a theoretical framework based, mainly, on agency theory as it explores the social circumstances in which the agency of the youth is both disabled and enabled, as well as marginalisation and identity-making theory. First, it is argued that the generational gap, characterised by patronage, as well as government`s deployment of physical and psychical violence against youth has worked against the youth and deprived them of their agency. Second, it is argued that Pentecostal churches empower youth to critically reflect over their marginalised position in society, out of which as sense of agency may grow at an individual level. Finally, it is argued that as the churches establishes constructive behaviours among the church youth, this has positively contributed to their social standing in society and the realisation of their civic influence. In turn, potentially contributing also to the wider youth population´s influence, as well as the democratic development and security in Uganda.