Journal articles: 'Youth – Health and hygiene – Uganda'

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Esau, Daniel, Pak To Ho, Geoffrey K. Blair, Damian Duffy, Nathan N. O’Hara, Videsh Kapoor, and Margaret Ajiko. "Engaging youth in rural Uganda in articulating health priorities through Photovoice." Global Health Promotion 24, no. 3 (April 7, 2016): 59–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1757975915614167.

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Youth living in rural Uganda represent over 20% of the country’s population. Despite the size of this demographic segment of the population, there is a paucity of data on their health priorities. Engaging people in understanding their own health status has proven to be an effective mechanism for health promotion. The objective of this study was to use Photovoice, a community-based, participatory action research methodology, to understand the current health priorities of youth living in rural Uganda. Thirty-two students between the ages of 13 and 17 were recruited from four schools within the region of Soroti, Uganda. Participants were given a disposable camera and were asked to photograph situations that contributed or detracted from their health status. The cameras were then returned to the investigators and each photo taken by the participant was reviewed with the investigators during a semi-structured interview. Codes were applied to the photographs and organized into overarching themes. Each participant chose one to two photos that were most representative of their health priorities for a secondary analysis. Participants provided 499 photos that met the eligibility criteria. The most common themes presented in the photographs were ‘hygiene’ ( n = 73, 12.4%), ‘nutrition’ ( n = 69, 11.7%), and ‘cleanliness’ ( n = 48, 8%). ‘Hygiene’ ( n = 6, 14.6%) and ‘exercise’ ( n = 6, 14.6%) were the most common priorities articulated in the representative photographs. Photovoice proved to be an effective method to assess and express the health concerns of youth in rural Uganda. Study participants were able to articulate their health concerns and priorities through photographs and reflect on opportunities for health promotion through subsequent interviews.

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Musoke, David, Rawlance Ndejjo, Abdullah Ali Halage, Simon Kasasa, John C. Ssempebwa, and David O. Carpenter. "Drinking Water Supply, Sanitation, and Hygiene Promotion Interventions in Two Slum Communities in Central Uganda." Journal of Environmental and Public Health 2018 (2018): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/3710120.

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Poor water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) continue to contribute to the high prevalence of diarrhoeal diseases in low-income countries such as Uganda particularly in slums. We implemented a 3-year WASH project in two urban slums in Uganda with a focus on safe drinking water and improvement in sanitation. The project implemented community and school interventions in addition to capacity building initiatives. Community interventions included home improvement campaigns, clean-up exercises, water quality assessment, promotion of drinking safe water through household point-of-use chlorination, promotion of hand washing, and support towards solid waste management. In schools, the project supported health clubs and provided them with “talking compound” messages. The capacity building initiatives undertaken included training of youth and community health workers. Project evaluation revealed several improvements in WASH status of the slums including increase in piped water usage from 38% to 86%, reduction in use of unprotected water sources from 30% to 2%, reduction in indiscriminate disposal of solid waste from 18% to 2%, and increase in satisfaction with solid waste management services from 40% to 92%. Such proactive and sustainable community interventions have the potential to not only improve lives of slum inhabitants in developing countries but also create lasting impact.

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Ssemugabo, Charles, Sarah Nalinya, Grace Biyinzika Lubega, Rawlance Ndejjo, and David Musoke. "Health Risks in Our Environment: Urban Slum Youth’ Perspectives Using Photovoice in Kampala, Uganda." Sustainability 13, no. 1 (December 29, 2020): 248. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13010248.

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Due to increasing urbanization, many people find themselves living in slums that expose them to several health risks. We explored urban health risks that fall short of the planetary boundaries in an urban slum in Kampala, Uganda using photovoice. We selected, trained, and assigned ten youth (five females and five males) to take photos on urban health risks. The photographs were discussed, and transcripts were analyzed based on the doughnut economics model using content analysis in NVivo 12. Environments and actions of slum dwellers expose them to health risks, and cause them to live at the edge of planetary boundaries. Environmental sanitation challenges, including solid and liquid waste management, excreta management, and food hygiene and safety expose slum dwellers to risks at the edge of the lower boundary of the planet. Urban conditions expose slum dwellers to poor physical infrastructure, undesirable work conditions, pollution, and health and safety challenges. Crime, violence, and substance use were also viewed as vices that make slum environments dangerous habitats. On the other hand, practices like inhabiting wetlands and using biomass fuels in addition to traffic fumes expose slum dwellers to effects associated with living above the planetary boundaries. Urban youth reflected on health risks that have immediate effects on their health and day-to-day living. Urbanization, especially in low resource settings, needs to be cognizant of the ensuing risks to health and thus ensure sustainable growth.

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Michalska, Aleksandra. "Pro-Health Education of Youth in Poland." Comparative Professional Pedagogy 4, no. 2 (June 1, 2014): 64–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/rpp-2014-0021.

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Abstract Nowadays, thanks to greater awareness of society and development of restorative medicine, more and more attention is paid to preventive care. That is caused by the fact that there is little progress for both sexes in the frequency of healthy behavior: girls fall much worse than boys in terms of frequency of physical activity, they do not eat breakfast either; boys do not maintain a healthy diet and are reluctant to eat vegetables and fruits, they often drink high-calorie sodas and less frequently brush teeth. Though with age some improvements in oral hygiene and certain eating behaviors can be noticed. It has been determined that overweight and obesity is a serious problem, as they can contribute to developmental disorders. In this respect it should be the responsibility of teachers to provide individual physical education (according to medical qualifications), prevent various forms of discrimination and bullying among peers, provide individual counseling and health education, weight control of students. It has been defined that for modern teachers it is a difficult task as students rarely eat fruits and vegetables, do not care about hygiene and frequency of meals, have passive mode of leisure. The acquisition of health during puberty allows functioning smoothly in society. However, despite the continuous work on improving and introduction of new programs of health education classes into schools of Poland, children still suffer from health-related problems. According to epidemiological research most of children in Poland fall on obesity, overweight and accompanying disorders and allergies. Youth is also exposed to accidents and related injuries. The problem is that students do not receive assistance and necessary information.

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Kimera, Emmanuel, Sofie Vindevogel, Anne-Mie Engelen, Jessica De Maeyer, Didier Reynaert, Mugenyi Justice Kintu, John Rubaihayo, and Johan Bilsen. "HIV-Related Stigma Among Youth Living With HIV in Western Uganda." Qualitative Health Research 31, no. 10 (May 13, 2021): 1937–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/10497323211012347.

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We present an explanatory theory for HIV-related stigma from the perspectives of youth living with HIV/AIDS (YLWHA) in Western Uganda, on which the fight against this relentless stigma in this age group and locality can be founded. A constant comparative method was used to analyze textual data from in-depth interviews with 35 YLWHA, selected from three health facilities. A stigma process model for YLWHA was developed with the stigmatizing feelings and behaviors as the core category. Concepts delineating causes, consequences, and moderators of HIV-related stigma emerged from the data to complete the stigma process. The specific focus on YLWHA and contextual characteristics adds new dimensions to the understanding of HIV-related stigma that are scant in existing HIV-related stigma models. In light of our findings, research is necessary to identify context-specific strategies to overcome the deep-rooted causes of stigmatizing views and behaviors in all social spheres of YLWHA within Western Uganda.

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Namara, Frank, Hilbert Mendoza, Gloria Tumukunde, and Solomon Tsebeni Wafula. "Access to Functional Handwashing Facilities and Associated Factors among South Sudanese Refugees in Rhino Camp Settlement, Northwestern Uganda." Journal of Environmental and Public Health 2020 (March 30, 2020): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/3089063.

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Background. Hand hygiene in refugee camp settlements remains an important measure against diarrhoeal infections. Refugee settings are characterised by overcrowding and inadequate access to water and hygiene facilities which favour proliferation of faecal-oral diseases. Handwashing with soap and water is therefore an effective way of preventing such diseases. Despite this knowledge, there is limited information about access to functional handwashing facilities in these settings and associated factors in Uganda. Methods. Quantitative data were collected from 312 refugee households in Rhino Camp Settlement, Northwestern Uganda, using a semistructured interviewer-administered questionnaire. A modified Poisson regression was used to obtain prevalence ratios (PRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the determinants of access to a functional handwashing facility among refugee households. All analyses were performed using STATA 14.0 statistical software. Results. Of the 312 households, 123 (39.4%) had access to a handwashing facility, but only 72 (23.1%) of households had handwashing facilities that were functional. Duration of stay in the camp exceeding 3 years (adjusted PR = 2.63; 95% CI (1.73–4.00)) and history of receiving home-based education on hand hygiene (adjusted PR = 9.44; 95% CI (1.40–63.86)) were independent predictors of access to a functional handwashing facility. Conclusion. Access to functional handwashing facilities among the refugee households was low. Our findings highlight the need for more and continued handwashing promotional programs, most especially among newly arrived refugees in the camp.

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Baizerman, Michael, Eddy Walakira, and Sandra Namarome. "Doing Civic Youth Work With Adults: A Reality in Uganda." Child & Youth Services 34, no. 3 (July 2013): 214–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0145935x.2013.825544.

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Rossouw, Laura, and Hana Ross. "Understanding Period Poverty: Socio-Economic Inequalities in Menstrual Hygiene Management in Eight Low- and Middle-Income Countries." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 5 (March 4, 2021): 2571. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18052571.

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Menstrual hygiene management and health is increasingly gaining policy importance in a bid to promote dignity, gender equality and reproductive health. Effective and adequate menstrual hygiene management requires women and girls to have access to their menstrual health materials and products of choice, but also extends into having private, clean and safe spaces for using these materials. The paper provides empirical evidence of the inequality in menstrual hygiene management in Kinshasa (DRC), Ethiopia, Ghana, Kenya, Rajasthan (India), Indonesia, Nigeria and Uganda using concentration indices and decomposition methods. There is consistent evidence of wealth-related inequality in the conditions of menstrual hygiene management spaces as well as access to sanitary pads across all countries. Wealth, education, the rural-urban divide and infrastructural limitations of the household are major contributors to these inequalities. While wealth is identified as one of the key drivers of unequal access to menstrual hygiene management, other socio-economic, environmental and household factors require urgent policy attention. This specifically includes the lack of safe MHM spaces which threaten the health and dignity of women and girls.

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Kansiime, Catherine, Laura Hytti, Ruth Nalugya, Kevin Nakuya, Prossy Namirembe, Shamirah Nakalema, Stella Neema, et al. "Menstrual health intervention and school attendance in Uganda (MENISCUS-2): a pilot intervention study." BMJ Open 10, no. 2 (February 2020): e031182. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2019-031182.

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ObjectivesAchieving good menstrual health and hygiene (MHH) is a public health challenge and there is little evidence to inform interventions. The aim of this study was to pilot test an intervention to improve MHH and school attendance in Uganda, in preparation for a future cluster-randomised trial.DesignLongitudinal study with pre–post evaluation of a pilot intervention.SettingTwo secondary schools in Entebbe, Uganda.ParticipantsOf the 473 eligible students in secondary 2 (S2) at baseline, 450 (95.1%; 232 girls and 218 boys) consented/assented. 369 students (188 girls; 81.0%; and 181 boys; 83.0%) participated in the endline survey.InterventionThe intervention comprised training teachers to improve delivery of government guidelines for puberty education, training in use of a menstrual kit and pain management, a drama skit, provision of analgesics and improvements to school water and sanitation hygiene facilities.Primary and secondary outcome measuresFeasibility and acceptability of delivering the intervention. Baseline and endline quantitative surveys were conducted, with qualitative interviews conducted at endline. School attendance was assessed using self-completed daily diaries among a nested cohort of 100 female students.ResultsThere were high levels of uptake of the individual and behavioural intervention components (puberty education, drama skit, menstrual hygiene management (MHM) kit and pain management). The proportion of girls reporting anxiety about next period decreased from 58.6% to 34.4%, and reported use of effective pain management increased from 76.4% to 91.4%. Most girls (81.4%) reported improved school toilet facilities, which improved their comfort managing menstruation. The diary data and qualitative data indicated a potential intervention impact on improving menstrual-related school absenteeism.ConclusionsThe pilot study showed that the multicomponent MHM intervention was acceptable and feasible to deliver, and potentially effective in improving menstruation knowledge and management. A cluster-randomised trial is needed to evaluate rigorously the intervention effects on MHM and school attendance.Trial registration numberNCT04064736; Pre-results.

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Nayebare, J. G., M. M. Owor, R. Kulabako, L. C. Campos, E. Fottrell, and R. G. Taylor. "WASH conditions in a small town in Uganda: how safe are on-site facilities?" Journal of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene for Development 10, no. 1 (November 19, 2019): 96–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/washdev.2019.070.

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Abstract Inadequate hygiene coupled with the conjunctive use of the shallow subsurface as both a source of water and repository of faecal matter pose substantial risks to human health in low-income countries undergoing rapid urbanisation. To evaluate water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) conditions in a small, rapidly growing town in central Uganda (Lukaya) served primarily by on-site water supply and sanitation facilities, water-point mapping, focus group discussions, sanitary-risk inspections and 386 household surveys were conducted. Household surveys indicate high awareness (82%) of domestic hygiene (e.g. handwashing, boiling water) but limited evidence of practice. WHO Sanitary Risk Surveys and Rapid Participatory Sanitation System Risk Assessments reveal further that community hygiene around water points and sanitation facilities including their maintenance is commonly inadequate. Spot sampling of groundwater quality shows widespread faecal contamination indicated by enumerated thermo-tolerant coliforms (TTCs) (Escherichia coli) ranging from 0 to 104 cfc/100 mL and nitrate concentrations that occasionally exceed 250 mg/L. As defined by the WHO/UNICEF Joint Monitoring programme, there are no safely managed water sources in Lukaya; ∼55% of improved water sources comprising primarily shallow hand-dug wells show gross faecal contamination by E. coli; and 51% of on-site sanitation facilities are unimproved. Despite the critical importance of on-site water supply and sanitation facilities in low-income countries to the realisation of UN Sustainable Goal 6 (access to safe water and sanitation for all by 2030), the analysis highlights the fragility and vulnerability of these systems where current monitoring and maintenance of communal facilities are commonly inadequate.

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Yun, Jung-Won. "The effect of youth personal hygiene education experience on subjective health and oral health." Korean Society of Oral Health Science 9, no. 1 (March 31, 2021): 70–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.33615/jkohs.2021.9.1.70.

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Mulogo, Edgar Mugema, Micheal Matte, Andrew Wesuta, Fred Bagenda, Richard Apecu, and Moses Ntaro. "Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene Service Availability at Rural Health Care Facilities in Southwestern Uganda." Journal of Environmental and Public Health 2018 (August 27, 2018): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/5403795.

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There is a paucity of information on the state of water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) at health care facilities in Uganda. A survey on WASH service availability was conducted at 50 health care facilities across 4 districts of rural southwestern Uganda between September and November 2015. The main water points at the majority (94%) of the health care facilities were improved sources, while improved toilets were available at 96% of the health care facilities visited. Hospitals had the poorest toilet to patient ratio (1 : 63). Only 38% of the health care facilities had hand washing facilities at the toilets. The lack of hand washing facilities was most prominent at the level IV health centre toilets (71%). Hand washing facilities were available at other points within most (76%) of the health care facilities. However, both water and soap were present at only 24% of these health care facilities. The poor toilet to patient/caregiver ratios particularly in the high volume health care facilities calls for the provision of cheaper options for improved sanitation in these settings. Priority should also be given to the sustainable provision of hygiene amenities such as soap for hand washing particularly the high patient volume health care facilities, in this case the level IV health centres and hospitals.

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Nobelius, Ann-Maree, Bessie Kalina, Robert Pool, Jimmy Whitworth, Janice Chesters, and Robert Power. "Delaying sexual debut amongst out-of-school youth in rural southwest Uganda." Culture, Health & Sexuality 12, no. 6 (August 2010): 663–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13691051003768132.

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Kim, Eun-Jeong, and Hye-Ju Lee. "Relationship between the Toothbrushing Behavior and Hand Hygiene Practices of Korean Adolescents: A Study Focused on the 15th Korea Youth Risk Behavior Survey Conducted in 2019." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 11 (May 31, 2021): 5913. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18115913.

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Hand hygiene is one of the most important measures available to prevent infectious diseases such as COVID-19, and it is recommended that individuals wash their hands periodically before and after meals, after using toilets, before preparing food at home, at schools, and in public places. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between oral hygiene and hand hygiene in Korean adolescents. Data from 57,303 adolescents who participated in the 2019 Korea Youth Risk Behavior web-based survey were analyzed to determine the relationship between oral hygiene and hand hygiene. A complex sample logistic regression analysis was performed to determine association between toothbrushing behavior and handwashing practices. According to the results of this study, adolescents who brushed their teeth after lunch were 1.48 times more likely to practice handwashing before lunch than were those who did not brush their teeth after lunch (p < 0.001). In addition, the odds ratios adjusted for gender, grade, school type, and residence were found to be 1.87 (p < 0.001). Moreover, these adjusted odds ratios were higher in students who received personal hygiene education (OR: 1.98, p < 0.001). Oral hygiene practices were found to be related to personal hygiene, as assessed by handwashing, in Korean adolescents. Additional studies are needed to develop ways of improving the hygiene and health of adolescents.

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Nakibirango, Juliet, Vincent Mugenyi, Dickson Nsaba, Aron Nsimemukama, Simon Peter Rugera, and Benson Okongo. "Prevalence of cryptosporidiosis and hygiene practices among HIV/AIDS patients in southwest Uganda." HIV/AIDS - Research and Palliative Care Volume 11 (June 2019): 141–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/hiv.s206195.

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Roberts, Calpurnyia B., and Jane Bedell. "A Youth-Friendly Pharmacy Initiative: Decreasing Unintended Pregnancies Among Disenfranchised Youth." Health Promotion Practice 21, no. 2 (September 3, 2018): 181–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1524839918796214.

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Teens from neighborhoods that have experienced historical and contemporary disinvestment have among the highest rates of teen pregnancy, yet they have less access to resources to reduce unintended pregnancies. In recognition of this, the New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene (NYCDOHMH) developed the Youth-Friendly Pharmacy Initiative. Over 7 consecutive months in 2015, educational materials and free NYCDOHMH condoms were placed strategically in independent pharmacies in the South Bronx. Refills were made monthly. Pharmacists were directed to order free refills from the NYCDOHMH after the project ended. To evaluate the feasibility of the study, a survey with teens (15-19 years) at the study midpoint and a 3-month post follow-up assessment were conducted. The retention rate over 7 months was 96.4% (27/28 pharmacies). Forty-three percent (2,068/4,830) of the booklets and 87.9% (43,841/49,850) of the condoms were taken by patrons. The posters and pamphlets were recognized by 63.6% and 27.3% of the teens, respectively. Forty-percent of the teens were aware of the free condoms, and one third had taken the free condoms. In the post assessment, 20% of the sampled pharmacies independently sought out resources for free condom refills. Pharmacies are positive sexual and reproductive health resources for underserved teens.

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Souza, Jullian Josnei de, Juliana Squizatto Leite, Ricardo Bahls, Rodrigo Stanislawczuk Grande, and Fabio André Santos. "Clinical and behavioral conditions in oral health of volleyball and soccer athletes." Brazilian Journal of Oral Sciences 20 (February 10, 2021): e213400. http://dx.doi.org/10.20396/bjos.v20i00.8663400.

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Aim: In this cross-sectional study, we evaluated the oral hygiene habits, oral health conditions, and the perception about the influence of oral health conditions on the physical performance of youth and professional volleyball and soccer athletes. Methods: A total of 96 male athletes participated: 48 volleyball players (25 youth and 23 professional players); and 48 soccer players, of whom 22 were youth, and 26 were professional players. We analyzed the oral hygiene and oral health condition (daily toothbrush, flossing, mouthwash, dental plaque, orthodontic treatment, dental/facial trauma, temporomandibular dysfunction, malocclusion, and the athletes’ perception about the influence of oral health conditions on the physical performance (yes or no)). Comparisons were made between the youth and professional athletes for each sport (volleyball and soccer). According to each variable, we applied the Chi-square, Fisher’s Exact, and Mann-Whitney tests. Results: For soccer athletes, we found significant differences between youth and professionals for: flossing (p=0.014), orthodontic treatment (p=0.028), dental/facial trauma (p=0.041), and the athletes’ perception about oral health and physical performance (p<0.001). Considering the category (youth and professional) regardless of the type of sport, we found significant differences for dental plaque (p=0.024) and dental/facial trauma (p=0.005). According to the sport (volleyball and soccer), independent of the category, we found significant differences for daily brushing, dental/facial trauma (p=0.005), and the athletes’ perception about oral health and physical performance (p=0.006). Conclusion: We concluded that the surveyed athletes had good oral health and believed that oral health can influence sports performance.

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Lightfoot, Marguerita A., Rogers Kasirye, W. Scott Comulada, and Mary Jane Rotheram-Borus. "Efficacy of a Culturally Adapted Intervention for Youth Living with HIV in Uganda." Prevention Science 8, no. 4 (September 11, 2007): 271–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11121-007-0074-5.

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Crofts, Tracey, and Julie Fisher. "Menstrual hygiene in Ugandan schools: an investigation of low-cost sanitary pads." Journal of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene for Development 2, no. 1 (March 1, 2012): 50–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/washdev.2012.067.

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Menstrual hygiene management (MHM) is a largely overlooked issue in the water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) sector. Every day, millions of menstruating girls and women in low-income countries struggle to find clean water for washing, private places for changing and adequate blood absorbing materials. This study aims to explore the difficulties experienced by schoolgirls in Uganda in managing menstrual hygiene and investigates the extent to which low-cost sanitary pads are part of the solution. Low-cost sanitary pads, either re-usable or disposable, are a timely, simple and innovative means of improving menstrual hygiene and of addressing a broader set of problems related to MHM in schools. Other factors highlighted are: pain relief, education, safe water provision, clean and private latrines, hygienic and secure bathing facilities, use of soap, sealed waste disposal points, private drying places, anal cleansing materials and effective facility operation and management strategies.

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H. Parker, Alison, Jen A. Smith, Tania Verdemato, Jeanette Cooke, James Webster, and Richard C. Carter. "Menstrual management: a neglected aspect of hygiene interventions." Disaster Prevention and Management 23, no. 4 (July 29, 2014): 437–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/dpm-04-2013-0070.

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Purpose – Effective menstrual management is essential for the mental and physical well being of women. However, many women in low-income countries lack access to the materials and facilities required. They are thus restricted in their activities whilst menstruating thus compromising their education, income and domestic responsibilities. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach – This study describes the menstrual management challenges faced by women in an emergency situation in Uganda. Totally, 50 interviews and focus group discussions were conducted with women from villages, internally displaced person (IDP) camps and schools so that the menstrual management of the host population could be compared with the IDPs. Findings – This study showed that in IDP camps there was a significant lack of materials including soap, underpants and absorbing cloth, and facilities like latrines and bathing shelters. As a consequence women in IDP camps suffer with poor health and diminished dignity. There is also a lack of education about menstruation and reproductive health and practices are strongly influenced by cultural taboos. Originality/value – This is the first time that the menstrual management of women in IDP or refugee camps has been studied.

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Frank, Marion. "Theatre in the Service of Health Education: Case Studies from Uganda." New Theatre Quarterly 12, no. 46 (May 1996): 108–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266464x00009933.

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International organizations are increasingly turning to theatre as a means of raising development issues, exploring options, and influencing behaviour. This paper examines some structures and techniques inherent in this type of applied theatre, analyzing two plays used to supplement AIDS education programmes in Uganda. One is a video production by a typical urban popular theatre group, while the second production analyzed exemplifies the Theatre for Development approach through its sub-genre, Campaign Theatre, used to raise awareness on health issues, hygiene, sanitation, child care, and the environment. The study analyzes the performance of the two plays and addresses some contradictions arising from the involvement and influence of external organizations. Marion Frank is a graduate of Bayreuth University in Germany, whose extensive field research has resulted in the publication of AIDS Education through Theater (Bayreuth African Studies Series, Bayreuth, 1995). Dr. Frank is currently living in the US, where as a Visiting Scholar at Duke University she is now working on a research project aiming to establish a closer link between literary/cultural studies and medicine/medical anthropology.

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Kreniske, Philip, Stephanie Grilo, Neema Nakyanjo, Fred Nalugoda, Jason Wolfe, and John S. Santelli. "Narrating the Transition to Adulthood for Youth in Uganda: Leaving School, Mobility, Risky Occupations, and HIV." Health Education & Behavior 46, no. 4 (February 21, 2019): 550–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1090198119829197.

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School enrollment, mobility, and occupation are each important factors to consider when examining HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) infection risk among youth in sub-Saharan Africa. Through an analysis of narrative life histories from 30 HIV-positive and 30 HIV-negative youth (aged 15-24 years), matched on gender, age, and village and purposively selected and interviewed from the Rakai Community Cohort Study, this article shows the complex connection between leaving school, mobility, and occupation with implications for HIV risk. We identified a pattern of risk factors that was present in many more HIV-positive than HIV-negative youth life stories. These HIV-positive youth shared a similar pathway during their transition to adulthood: After leaving school, they moved in search of occupations; they then engaged in risky occupations before eventually returning to their home village. Linking the lines of inquiry on school enrollment, mobility, and risky occupations, our findings have important implications for adolescent health research, practice, and policy in Uganda and across sub-Saharan Africa and the developing world.

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Morrow, Odaybea I., Michael D. Sweat, and Richard H. Morrow. "The Matalisi: Pathway to Early Sexual Initiation Among the Youth of Mpigi, Uganda." AIDS and Behavior 8, no. 4 (December 2004): 365–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10461-004-7321-6.

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Jeffer, Siya Balaam, Issmat I. Kassem, Samer A. Kharroubi, and Gumataw Kifle Abebe. "Analysis of Food Safety Management Systems in the Beef Meat Processing and Distribution Chain in Uganda." Foods 10, no. 10 (September 22, 2021): 2244. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods10102244.

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Meat production is an essential component in food security and the economy in Uganda. However, food safety concerns pose a challenge to public health in Uganda and impede access to regional and global markets. Here, food safety management (FSM) practices in the Ugandan beef supply chain were evaluated. A cross-sectional survey was conducted in major slaughterhouses (n = 3), butcher shops (n = 184), and supermarkets (n = 25) in Uganda’s capital, Kampala. The three slaughterhouses had low scores in core control and assurance activities of FSM. Packaging interventions were weak in all the slaughterhouses, while only one slaughterhouse had a functional cooling facility. Supermarkets implemented better hygienic and preventative practices in comparison to butcher shops. However, both sourced from slaughterhouses that had low-to-poor hygiene practices, which weakened the efforts implemented in the supermarkets. Furthermore, most butcher shops did not offer training to meat handlers on HACCP (Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point)-based practices. The low food safety performance in the supply chain was primarily attributed to poor sanitation, hygiene, and handling practices. Therefore, HACCP-based training and robust preventive, intervention, and monitoring systems are needed in the Ugandan beef supply chain to benefit public health and increase competitiveness.

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Marotta, Claudia, Peter Lochoro, Damiano Pizzol, Giovanni Putoto, Walter Mazzucco, Annalisa Saracino, Laura Monno, Francesco Di Gennaro, and Jerry Ictho. "Capacity assessment for provision of quality sexual reproductive health and HIV-integrated services in Karamoja, Uganda." African Health Sciences 20, no. 3 (October 7, 2020): 1053–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ahs.v20i3.8.

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Introduction: Sexual and reproductive health (SRH) and Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) are crucial global health issues. Uganda continues to sustain a huge burden of HIV and AIDS. Methods: A cross-sectional health facility-based assessment was performed in November and December 2016 in Karamoja Region, northern Uganda. All the 126 health facilities (HFs) in Karamoja, including 5 hospitals and 121 Health Centers (HCs), covering 51 sub-counties of the 7 districts were assessed. We assessed the capacity of a) leadership and governance, b) human resource, c) service delivery, d) SRH and HIV service integration and e) users satisfaction and perceptions. Results: 64% of the established health staffing positions were filled leaving an absolute gap of 704 units in terms of human resources. As for service delivery capacity, on 5 domains assessed, the best performing was basic hygiene and safety measures in which 33% HCs scored “excellent”, followed by the presence of basic equipment. The level of integration of SRH/HIV services was 55.56%. Conclusion: HFs in Karamoja have capacity gaps in a number of health system building blocks. Many of these gaps can be addressed through improved planning. To invest in improvements for these services would have a great gain for Uganda. Keywords: Quality Sexual Reproductive Health; HIV-Integrated Services; Karamoja, Uganda.

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Onishchuk, Larysa, and Oleksandr Permyakov. "Dependence of Student Health on Forms of Leisure." Bulletin of Luhansk Taras Shevchenko National University 2, no. 2 (340) (2021): 146–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.12958/2227-2844-2021-2(340)-2-146-156.

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The article reveals the theoretical foundations of the organization of leisure for student youth; the forms and styles of carrying out of permitting activity are characterized; the negative impact of motor activity deficit on students' health is considered; the concept of students' leisure is given; its characteristic features are highlighted; the shortcomings of the organization of physical education classes in higher education institutions (HEIs) are analyzed; the main classes of student youth during leisure are shown; to maintain and promote health, the need to include various forms of physical activity in the daily routine is indicated. Based on the analysis of the scientific literature, the concept of «youth leisure» is interpreted as part of free time, which contrasts with professional activities, meets the psychophysical characteristics of young people and aims to meet the cultural needs and interests of a healthy person. In connection with the transformation of the information environment, the emergence of the Internet, changes in the leisure needs of young people, etc., there are some clear trends in the organization and conduct of student youth leisure: a gradual departure from traditional forms of conduct; domestication of leisure; prevalence of entertaining and passive orientation of activity over developing and active; fascination with innovative active sports games, video games. To maintain and strengthen the health of students in the day it is necessary to include various forms of physical activity: morning hygienic gymnastics, sports and recreation activities, outdoor activities, breathing exercises, exercises to develop leg muscles, torso, arms (various jumps), walking, flexion and extension of the arms in a supine position, dance exercises, other exercises to taste). Mandatory use of natural (sun, air, water) and hygienic (hygiene training, recreation, personal hygiene) factors. No less important are proper and rational nutrition, sleep, regular change of mental and physical activity.

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Swahn, Monica, Melissa Haberlen, and Jane B. Palmier. "Alcohol and drug use and other high-risk behaviors among youth in the slums of Kampala, Uganda: Perceptions and contexts obtained through focus groups." International Journal of Alcohol and Drug Research 3, no. 4 (December 11, 2014): 289–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.7895/ijadr.v3i4.171.

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Swahn, M., Haberlen, M., & Palmier, J. (2014). Alcohol and drug use and other high-risk behaviors among youth in the slums of Kampala, Uganda: Perceptions and contexts obtained through focus groups. The International Journal Of Alcohol And Drug Research, 3(4), 289-295. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.7895/ijadr.v3i4.171Aims: The study seeks to determine perceptions of and contexts for risky behaviors among street and slum youth in Kampala, through focus groups.Design: Three 90-minute focus groups were conducted in Luganda (local language) to ask specific questions on alcohol and drug-related behaviors among youth in the slums.Setting: Uganda Youth Development Link drop-in centers for disadvantaged youth in Kampala.Participants: 31 participants, aged 14 to 24 years.Measures: The focus group probes were based on the World Health Organization report “Working With Street Children: Module 5: Determining the Needs and Problems of Street Children—A Training Package on Substance Use, Sexual and Reproductive Health Including HIV/AIDS and STDs.”Findings: Results show that these youth engage in a number of risky behaviors, including alcohol and drug abuse, fighting and weapon carrying, delinquency, prostitution and unsafe sexual behaviors.Conclusions: The study provides context for risky behaviors in this population, which can provide useful insights and help to guide resource allocation and intervention planning for services that seek to reduce adverse health outcomes in this vulnerable population, particularly those related to alcohol and drug use.

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Muhumuza, Christine, Judith Streak Gomersall, Makumbi E. Fredrick, Lynn Atuyambe, Christopher Okiira, Aggrey Mukose, and John Ssempebwa. "Health care worker hand hygiene in the pediatric special care unit at Mulago National Referral Hospital in Uganda." International Journal of Evidence-Based Healthcare 13, no. 1 (March 2015): 19–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/xeb.0000000000000013.

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Kinyanda, Eugene, Tatiana T. Salisbury, Sylvia Kiwuwa Muyingo, Wilber Ssembajjwe, Jonathan Levin, Noeline Nakasujja, Richard S. Mpango, et al. "Major Depressive Disorder Among HIV Infected Youth in Uganda: Incidence, Persistence and Their Predictors." AIDS and Behavior 24, no. 9 (February 20, 2020): 2588–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10461-020-02815-3.

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Ndyanabangi, Bannet, Walter Kipp, and Hans-Jochen Diesfeld. "Reproductive Health Behaviour among In-School and Out-of-School Youth in Kabarole District, Uganda." African Journal of Reproductive Health 8, no. 3 (December 2004): 55. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3583393.

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Agardh, Anette, Elizabeth Cantor-Graae, and Per-Olof Östergren. "Youth, Sexual Risk-Taking Behavior, and Mental Health: a Study of University Students in Uganda." International Journal of Behavioral Medicine 19, no. 2 (May 18, 2011): 208–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12529-011-9159-4.

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Carr, Katherine Camacho, and Ruth White. "Focus Group and Health Teaching With Traditional Birth Attendants in Njeru, Uganda." International Journal of Childbirth 2, no. 1 (2012): 12–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/2156-5287.2.1.12.

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The Safe Motherhood Initiative identifies the presence of skilled birth attendants at delivery as the single most critical intervention for safe motherhood. This article reports the findings from a focus group with traditional birth attendants (TBAs) conducted at the request of the Namwezi Health Center and the Njeru town council in Uganda as part of a community needs assessment. The purposes of the focus group included the identification of the problems encountered by the TBAs during antenatal, birth, and postpartum care for mother and newborn and how these problems were managed to assess the educational needs of the TBAs and plan for appropriate education and skills training for them. With a high prevalence of HIV, malaria, neonatal tetanus, and maternal morbidity and mortality in this region, TBAs were in need of education to promote hygiene, including hand washing, handling of bodily fluids, and disposal of the placenta; instruction on cord cutting, tying, and care; malaria prevention in pregnancy; and the management of common complications of childbirth and the newborn. “Too much bleeding” was identified as the primary maternal complication, and bleeding from the umbilical cord and preterm delivery were identified as the most common baby problems. Complication narratives from the TBAs indicated a need for continued training in the management of the common complications of childbirth and the neonatal period to improve maternal and newborn survival.

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Logie, Carmen, Moses Okumu, Robert Hakiza, Daniel Kibuuka Musoke, Isha Berry, Simon Mwima, Peter Kyambadde, et al. "Mobile Health–Supported HIV Self-Testing Strategy Among Urban Refugee and Displaced Youth in Kampala, Uganda: Protocol for a Cluster Randomized Trial (Tushirikiane, Supporting Each Other)." JMIR Research Protocols 10, no. 2 (February 2, 2021): e26192. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/26192.

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Background HIV is the leading cause of mortality among youth in sub-Saharan Africa. Uganda hosts over 1.43 million refugees, and more than 83,000 live in Kampala, largely in informal settlements. There is limited information about HIV testing uptake and preferences among urban refugee and displaced youth. HIV self-testing is a promising method for increasing testing uptake. Further, mobile health (mHealth) interventions have been effective in increasing HIV testing uptake and could be particularly useful among youth. Objective This study aims to evaluate the feasibility and effectiveness of two HIV self-testing implementation strategies (HIV self-testing intervention alone and HIV self-testing combined with an mHealth intervention) in comparison with the HIV testing standard of care in terms of HIV testing outcomes among refugee/displaced youth aged 16 to 24 years in Kampala, Uganda. Methods A three-arm cluster randomized controlled trial will be implemented across five informal settlements grouped into three sites, based on proximity, and randomization will be performed with a 1:1:1 method. Approximately 450 adolescents (150 per cluster) will be enrolled and followed for 12 months. Data will be collected at the following three time points: baseline enrollment, 8 months after enrollment, and 12 months after enrollment. Primary outcomes (HIV testing frequency, HIV status knowledge, linkage to confirmatory testing, and linkage to HIV care) and secondary outcomes (depression, condom use efficacy, consistent condom use, sexual relationship power, HIV stigma, and adolescent sexual and reproductive health stigma) will be evaluated. Results The study has been conducted in accordance with CONSORT (Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials) guidelines. The study has received ethical approval from the University of Toronto (June 14, 2019), Mildmay Uganda (November 11, 2019), and the Uganda National Council for Science and Technology (August 3, 2020). The Tushirikiane trial launched in February 2020, recruiting a total of 452 participants. Data collection was paused for 8 months due to COVID-19. Data collection for wave 2 resumed in November 2020, and as of December 10, 2020, a total of 295 participants have been followed-up. The third, and final, wave of data collection will be conducted between February and March 2021. Conclusions This study will contribute to the knowledge of differentiated HIV testing implementation strategies for urban refugee and displaced youth living in informal settlements. We will share the findings in peer-reviewed manuscripts and conference presentations. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04504097; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04504097. International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) DERR1-10.2196/26192

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Verdeli, Helen, Kathleen Clougherty, Grace Onyango, Eric Lewandowski, Liesbeth Speelman, Teresa S. Betancourt, Richard Neugebauer, Traci R. Stein, and Paul Bolton. "Group Interpersonal Psychotherapy for Depressed Youth in IDP Camps in Northern Uganda: Adaptation and Training." Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North America 17, no. 3 (July 2008): 605–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chc.2008.03.002.

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Hirai, Mitsuaki, Amira Roess, Cheng Huang, and Jay Graham. "Exploring geographic distributions of high-risk water, sanitation, and hygiene practices and their association with child diarrhea in Uganda." Global Health Action 9, no. 1 (October 26, 2016): 32833. http://dx.doi.org/10.3402/gha.v9.32833.

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Gold-Watts, Anise, Geir Aamodt, Ramesh Shanmugasundaram, and Sheri Bastien. "Unravelling context: a formative photovoice study of Indian youth perspectives of sanitation and hygiene practices." Waterlines 40, no. 1 (January 1, 2021): 23–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.3362/1756-3488.20-00009.

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Water, sanitation, and hygiene are issues of substantial public health importance. Community-based participatory research approaches such as photovoice can help explore and identify determinants that influence sanitation and hygiene-related behaviours. This study aimed to use photovoice as part of the formative research process to increase understanding of youth’s perceptions of the cultural and contextual factors that influence sanitation and hygiene-related behaviours in Thirumalaikodi, India. First, a school was recruited using convenience sampling; next, 10 participants were purposively selected to participate in an information meeting, seven photo discussion sessions, and one wrap-up session over a three-week period. In each photo discussion session, participant groups selected one ‘trigger’ photograph, and through a structured discussion using SHOWED mnemonic questions (a series of questions that ask participants to describe and reflect upon a chosen photograph), generated a new understanding of issues related to water, sanitation, and hygiene. All sessions were audio-recorded and transcribed verbatim. Conventional content analysis was used to analyse photo discussion session text. Findings revealed that factors such as social structure, education, and culture influence behaviours that determine the sanitary conditions of an individual’s private and public spaces. Furthermore, participants described how descriptive norms generated practices (e.g. littering) that were reinforced and maintained by limited access to waste management systems, attitudinal indifference, and generational beliefs. Findings yielded an in-depth understanding of youth’s perceptions of the cultural and contextual factors that influence sanitation and hygiene-related behaviours. This study also contributes to the advancement of participatory applications in formative research and intervention adaptation processes.

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Amone-P’Olak, Kennedy, and Bernard Omech. "Coping with post-war mental health problems among survivors of violence in Northern Uganda: Findings from the WAYS study." Journal of Health Psychology 25, no. 12 (May 19, 2018): 1857–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1359105318775185.

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Cognitive emotion regulation strategies and mental health problems were assessed in a sample of war-affected youth in Northern Uganda. Univariable and multivariable regression models were fitted to assess the influence of CERS on mental health problems. Maladaptive cognitive emotion regulation strategies (e.g., rumination) were significantly associated with more mental health problems while adaptive cognitive emotion regulation strategies (e.g., putting into perspective) were associated with reporting fewer symptoms of mental health problems. The youth with significant scores on mental health problems (scores ≥ 85th percentile) reported more frequent use of maladaptive than adaptive strategies. Interventions to reduce mental health problems should focus on enhancing the use of adaptive strategies.

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Crerand, Canice E., Adriana C. Da Silveira, Hillary Kapa, Jennifer Litteral, Mia K. Markey, Ana Mercado, and Michelle Scott. "Adherence to Orthodontic Treatment in Youth With Cleft Lip and/or Palate." Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Journal 57, no. 2 (August 8, 2019): 218–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1055665619867556.

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Objective: To identify rates of nonadherence to orthodontic treatment among youth with cleft lip and/or palate (CL/P) and to compare demographic and clinical characteristics of patients categorized as adherent or nonadherent. Design: Retrospective chart review. Setting: Orthodontic treatment program affiliated with a US pediatric hospital-based craniofacial team. Participants: Medical charts of 54 patients with CL/P beginning phase I or phase II orthodontics between 2011 and 2014 (54% male; mean age: 11.7 ± 3.2 years) were reviewed. Main Outcome Measure(s): Data abstracted included demographic and clinical characteristics. Patients were classified as nonadherent based upon treatment termination due to nonadherence, treatment courses extending beyond 3 years, and information about missed appointments, poor oral hygiene, and broken appliances. Results: In all, 24% had treatment terminated due to nonadherence and were significantly more likely to have behavioral health diagnoses ( P = .01) or visits ( P = .02) and social work consults ( P = .01) than patients without termination. Thirty-seven percent had treatment courses beyond 3 years; youth with longer courses were significantly more likely to have cleft lip and palate versus cleft palate only or cleft lip ( P = .03). Patients who missed more than 4 appointments were less likely to have behavioral health diagnoses ( P < .01) compared to those with fewer missed appointments. Poor hygiene and broken appliance notations were common. Youth with poor hygiene notations were significantly older ( P < .01) at treatment initiation than those without notations. Conclusions: Nonadherence was associated with diagnosis, age, and history of behavioral health or social work involvement. An understanding of adherence and relationships with clinical and demographic factors can inform clinical care and support intervention development to improve outcomes.

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Mugeere, Anthony. "Social Protection for Disability in Central Uganda: a Human Development Perspective." African Review 46, no. 2 (January 21, 2020): 366–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1821889x-12340006.

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Abstract Whereas there is ample empirical evidence on the nature and functioning of formal and informal social protection systems in Uganda, there are limited studies on their influence on the youth living with disabilities. This paper explores the meaning and functioning of social protection strategies among youth living with spina bifida and hydrocephalous in central Uganda. Using data from in-depth interviews, focus group discussions and key informants, the paper observes that there is widespread knowledge on social protection systems among the respondents. Overall, social protection encompasses all measures implemented to address the perceived social exclusion and vulnerabilities related to the disability condition. The paper recommends a philosophical twist to the implementation of social protection by interrogating the human development model of disability which places the elements of the health conditions, impairments and their causes and consequences on the wellbeing of these vulnerable individuals at the core of the theoretical discourse.

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Macnab, A. J., and R. Mukisa. "Priorities for African youth for engaging in DOHaD." Journal of Developmental Origins of Health and Disease 9, no. 1 (June 22, 2017): 15–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s2040174417000423.

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A challenge for implementing DOHaD-defined health promotion is how to engage the at-risk population. The WHO Health Promoting School (HPS) model has proven success engaging youth and improving health behaviors. Hence, we introduced DOHaD concepts to 151 pupils aged 12–15 years in three HPS programs in rural Uganda, inquired what factors would make DOHaD-related health promotion resonate with them, and discussed how they recommended making learning about DOHaD acceptable to youth. Economic factors were judged the most compelling; with nutrition and responsive care elements next in importance. Suggested approaches included: teach how good health is beneficial, what works and why, and give tools to use to achieve it, and make information positive rather than linked to later harm. Involve youth in making DOHaD learning happen, make being a parent sound interesting, and include issues meaningful to boys. These are the first data from youth charged with addressing their engagement in the DOHaD agenda.

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Vindevogel, Sofie, Michael Wessells, Maarten De Schryver, Eric Broekaert, and Ilse Derluyn. "Dealing With the Consequences of War: Resources of Formerly Recruited and Non-Recruited Youth in Northern Uganda." Journal of Adolescent Health 55, no. 1 (July 2014): 134–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jadohealth.2013.11.023.

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Kumar, Sagar, Rachel E. Culbreth, Monica H. Swahn, and Rogers Kasirye. "Examining correlates of alcohol related condom-less sex among youth living in the slums of Kampala, Uganda." AIDS Care 32, no. 10 (May 13, 2020): 1246–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09540121.2020.1762066.

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Saftner, Melissa, Meagan Thompson, Tom D. Ngabirano, and Barbara J. McMorris. "Adaptation of the event history calendar for Ugandan adolescents." Global Health Promotion 27, no. 3 (November 21, 2019): 159–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1757975919878179.

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Adolescent and emerging adult risk behavior is a concern globally. Discussing health promotive and risk behaviors with adolescents and young adults can be challenging regardless of the country of data collection and dominant culture. In the United States, event history calendars have been used in both research and clinical settings to identify healthy and risky behaviors among adolescents and emerging adults, and contextual factors that may influence their behavior. After an unsuccessful attempt to employ a particular event history calendar on family life, negative and positive events, sexual behavior and substance use in data collection in rural fishing villages in Western Uganda, the current study aimed to modify the United States validated event history calendar for use with adolescents in Uganda, as a first step to cultural adaptation. Focus groups with 24 college students provided information about ways to modify the event history calendar for Ugandan youth. This paper discusses the modifications of the event history calendar for Ugandan young people.

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Morgan, Camille, Michael Bowling, Jamie Bartram, and Georgia Lyn Kayser. "Water, sanitation, and hygiene in schools: Status and implications of low coverage in Ethiopia, Kenya, Mozambique, Rwanda, Uganda, and Zambia." International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health 220, no. 6 (August 2017): 950–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijheh.2017.03.015.

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Orlando, Valerie A., Lonnie R. Johnson, Anne R. Wilson, David M. Maahs, R. Paul Wadwa, Franziska K. Bishop, Fran Dong, and Elaine H. Morrato. "Oral Health Knowledge and Behaviors among Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes." International Journal of Dentistry 2010 (2010): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2010/942124.

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Early onset and more advanced periodontal disease has been reported for children with diabetes. We surveyed oral health knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors among adolescents with diabetes in order to inform potential intervention strategies. Study subjects were youth (ages 12–19 years) with type 1 diabetes (N= 90) participating in a cohort study investigating determinants of periodontal disease at a regional pediatric diabetes specialty clinic. Over 90% of the youth had been instructed on how to brush and floss and had preventive dental care in the past year. However, 44% knew that periodontal disease is associated with diabetes and 32% knew that it can start in childhood with bleeding gums. Despite being at high risk for developing periodontal disease, the mean toothbrushing frequency was once per day and 42% did not floss. Significant opportunity exists for improving periodontal disease knowledge and adoption of preventive oral hygiene behaviors in adolescents with diabetes.

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Pasewaldt, Stephanie E., Stephanie L. Baller, Sarah R. Blackstone, and Lucy Bryan Malenke. "Impact of a Hand Hygiene Curriculum and Group Handwashing Station at Two Primary Schools in East Africa." International Quarterly of Community Health Education 39, no. 3 (December 21, 2018): 175–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0272684x18819968.

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Proper handwashing reduces the transmission of deadly, preventable diseases. Schools, even those with limited resources, have the power to promote handwashing through simple, effective interventions. This study evaluated the impact of a school-based handwashing program consisting of two interventions: a hand-hygiene curriculum and group handwashing station. Quantitative and open-ended pre/postintervention surveys were administered to students at one primary school in Kenya ( n = 38) and at one primary school in Uganda ( n = 57). Matching procedures were followed at each school. Paired ttests for pre/postsurveys demonstrated an increase in students’ knowledge ( p < .001) and frequency of handwashing ( p < .001). After 6 months, students were still engaging in daily group handwashing. The curriculum increased knowledge, and the handwashing station enabled students to translate their knowledge into action. This study supports educational interventions combined with built environmental interventions should be used to promote handwashing behaviors and emphasizes the role of group handwashing stations.

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Bwire, Godfrey, Christopher Garimoi Orach, Freda Loy Aceng, Sam Emmanuel Arianitwe, David Matseketse, Edson Tumusherure, Issa Makumbi, et al. "Refugee Settlements and Cholera Risks in Uganda, 2016–2019." American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 104, no. 4 (April 7, 2021): 1225–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.20-0741.

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ABSTRACTDuring 2016 to 2019, cholera outbreaks were reported commonly to the Ministry of Health from refugee settlements. To further understand the risks cholera posed to refugees, a review of surveillance data on cholera in Uganda for the period 2016–2019 was carried out. During this 4-year period, there were seven such outbreaks with 1,495 cases and 30 deaths in five refugee settlements and one refugee reception center. Most deaths occurred early in the outbreak, often in the settlements or before arrival at a treatment center rather than after arrival at a treatment center. During the different years, these outbreaks occurred during different times of the year but simultaneously in settlements that were geographically separated and affected all ages and genders. Some outbreaks spread to the local populations within Uganda. Cholera control prevention measures are currently being implemented; however, additional measures are needed to reduce the risk of cholera among refugees including oral cholera vaccination and a water, sanitation and hygiene package during the refugee registration process. A standardized protocol is needed to quickly conduct case–control studies to generate information to guide future cholera outbreak prevention in refugees and the host population.

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Isingoma, Barugahara Evyline, and Kwesiga Stephen. "Microbiological analysis of domestic water sources in Banda slum of Kampala, Uganda." Journal of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene for Development 11, no. 4 (May 12, 2021): 676–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/washdev.2021.236.

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Abstract There is scarcity of information about the safety of water in Banda slum of Kampala, Uganda and yet reports indicate outbreaks of infectious diseases such as typhoid fever and cholera. The aim of this study was to determine the risk of exposure to waterborne infections by Banda residents due to faecal contamination of water sources. Four hundred respondents were sampled and interviewed on the methods of water collection, treatment and storage. Water samples were collected with sterile glass bottles in duplicate from the dug well, protected spring and piped water system in December 2018 on two different consecutive days. They were transported to the laboratory for total and faecal coliform count analysis within 2 h using a lightproof-insulated box containing ice-packs. The mean Escherichia coli count for the dug well was 43 ± 18 c.f.u/mL. The protected spring had no detectable E. coli, but its total plate count level was 76 ± 1.4 c.f.u/mL. Only 46% of the respondents treated their drinking water using boiling and filtering methods. Poor sanitation and hygiene practices were observed. The total and faecal coliform counts of water sources were unsatisfactory making Banda residents highly at risk of infectious diseases, given the small number of residents that treated water.

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Sarmah, Roktim, and Dheeraj Nim. "Factors Affecting Awareness and Perception of Youth Regarding the Public Health and Hygiene Related Campaigns though Social Marketing." Indian Journal of Public Health Research & Development 10, no. 7 (2019): 233. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/0976-5506.2019.01569.9.

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Rowan, Margo S., Melanie Mason, Annie Robitaille, Lise Labrecque, and Cathy Lambert Tocchi. "An innovative medical and dental hygiene clinic for street youth: Results of a process evaluation." Evaluation and Program Planning 40 (October 2013): 10–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.evalprogplan.2013.04.005.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Youth – Health and hygiene – Uganda'

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