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Journal articles on the topic 'Youth, soviet union'
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1
White, Frederick H. "British Lord, American Movie Idol and Soviet Counterculture Figure." Soviet and Post-Soviet Review 42, no. 1 (April 13, 2015): 64–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18763324-04201004.
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For an entire generation of Soviet youth, Tarzan was a provocative symbol of individualism and personal freedom. Previous scholarship has included Tarzan within the larger counterculture movement of the thaw period (1953–64), but has not specifically examined how this occurred. Joseph S. Nye has coined the term soft power to describe the ability to attract and to co-opt rather than to force another nation into accepting your ideals. Within this rubric, Tarzan’s presence in the Soviet Union was simultaneously entertaining and provocative. As literary fare in the 1920s, Tarzan represented an escape from war and revolution and was sanctioned as acceptable reading for Soviet youths. The celluloid Tarzan also represented an escape, but this time from the repressive Stalinist regime and the hardships of post-WWII Soviet society. Raised on both the books and films, a new generation of Soviet youth longed for the individual freedom that Tarzan came to represent. Tarzan’s impact in the Soviet Union is one example of western cultural infiltration that contributed to the idealization of American individualism over the Soviet collective within the Soviet Union.
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Sawert, Daniel. "New Materials for Studying Preparation and Staging of the 6th World Festival of Youth and Students in 1957." Herald of an archivist, no. 2 (2018): 550–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.28995/2073-0101-2018-2-550-563.
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The article assesses archival materials on the festival movement in the Soviet Union in 1950s, including its peak, the 6th World Festival of Youth and Students held in 1957 in Moscow. Even now the Moscow festival is seen in the context of international cultural politics of the Cold War and as a unique event for the Soviet Union. The article is to put the 6th World Festival of Youth and Students in the context of other youth festivals held in the Soviet Union. The festivals of 1950s provided a field for political, social, and cultural experiments. They also have been the crucible of a new way of communication and a new language of design. Furthermore, festivals reflected the new (althogh relative) liberalism in the Soviet Union. This liberalism, first of all, was expressed in the fact that festivals were organized by the Komsomol and other Soviet public and cultural organisations. Taking the role of these organisations into consideration, the research draws on the documents of the Ministry of culture, the All-Russian Stage Society, as well as personal documents of the artists. Furthermore, the author has gained access to new archive materials, which have until now been part of no research, such as documents of the N. Krupskaya Central Culture and Art Center and of the central committees of various artistic trade unions. These documents confirm the hypothesis that the festivals provided the Komsomol and the Communist party with a means to solve various social, educational, and cultural problems. For instance, in Central Asia with its partiarchal society, the festivals focuced on female emancipation. In rural Central Asia, as well as in other non-russian parts of the Soviet Union, there co-existed different ways of celebrating. Local traditions intermingled with cultural standards prescribed by Moscow. At the first glance, the modernisation of the Soviet society was succesful. The youth acquired political and cultural level that allowed the Soviet state to compete with the West during the 6th World Festival of Youth and Students. During the festival, however, it became apparent, that the Soviet cultural scheme no longer met the dictates of times. Archival documents show that after the Festival cultural and party officials agreed to ease off dogmatism and to tolerate some of the foreign cultural phenomena.
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Mohr, Rachel, and Kate Pride Brown. "Generational and Geographic Effects on Collective Memory of the USSR." Communist and Post-Communist Studies 54, no. 1-2 (March 2021): 156–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/j.postcomstud.2021.54.1-2.156.
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This study examines memory of the Soviet Union and political opinions in modern Russia through qualitative, semi-structured interviews across generations in two Russian cities. The study aims to explore the differences in memory and meaning of the Soviet Union across generation and geography, and to connect those differences to political dispositions in modern Russia. Respondents were asked about their impressions of the Soviet Union and modern-day Russia, and responses were coded for emergent themes and trends. The research finds that youth bifurcate along geographic lines; respondents in St. Petersburg were more likely to reject Soviet ideals than their counterparts in Yoshkar-Ola. The former also tended to prefer liberalism and globalization, while the latter expressed greater nationalism. Older respondents showed no distinct geographic trend, but gave more nuanced assessments of the Soviet Union due to the power of personal memory over cultural reconstruction. In younger respondents, these findings indicate that living in a cosmopolitan metropolis may condition interpretations of the Soviet past and influence contemporary political identity toward globalization. Youths living in smaller cities have less interaction with other global cities and therefore may have more conservative perceptions of the Soviet Union and Russia.
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Bostan, Olga, and Ilya Malafei. "“The Soviet Union is Inside Me”: Post-Soviet Youth in Transition." Journal for Undergraduate Ethnography 9, no. 2 (October 1, 2019): 50–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.15273/jue.v9i2.9380.
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The USSR ceased to exist 28 years ago, and there are generations of young people who were born after the dissolution. Mobility opportunities are now abundant and easily available to them. Yet the Soviet past still shapes the post-Soviet present for citizens of countries of the former USSR. We interviewed eight young people from Belarus and Moldova who currently reside in the Netherlands and utilised grounded theory methodology to understand how they make sense of the Soviet past of their countries and how it influences them. While the post-Soviet young adults possess an internalised experience of reminiscences of Soviet times and have inherited certain patterns of thinking, communicating, and behaving, they are detached from Sovietness and express neither love nor hatred towards it. They locate themselves in a symbolic middle position in which they are critical both towards the Soviet legacy and ‘the Western’ alternatives, and the very transitional character of their position becomes the essence of it. The findings contribute to the body of scholarship on young adults’ experiences in post-Soviet countries, and the evaluation and understanding of the Soviet experience. Furthermore, they assist in understanding current events as well as the trends and the mobility trajectories of post-Soviet young adults.
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ELISEEV, A. L., and O. V. LEONOVA. "KOMSOMOL AS THE CONDUCTOR OF THE STATE YOUTH POLICY OF THE SOVIET STATE." JOURNAL OF PUBLIC AND MUNICIPAL ADMINISTRATION 9, no. 3 (2020): 32–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.22394/2225-8272-2020-9-3-32-42.
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The purpose of the article is to reveal the role of Komsomol in the political system of the USSR. The authors note that Komsomol was directly a state body in relation to youth, acted as the official guide of party and economic directives to the youth environment, developed and implemented in practice the state youth policy in relation to Soviet youth. The main functions of the communist youth union in the Soviet society are also highlighted, the representation of Komsomol in the authorities of the Soviet state is reviewed, the role of Komsomol in the adoption of the law on youth is revealed.
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Kasamara, Valeria, and Anna Sorokina. "Post-Soviet collective memory: Russian youths about Soviet past." Communist and Post-Communist Studies 48, no. 2-3 (June 2015): 137–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.postcomstud.2015.06.003.
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The research is focused on the image of the Soviet Union and that of its successor — the Russian Federation — in the minds of the Russian student youth. The concept of collective memory, being interdisciplinary and highly debatable, has been used in the given paper in its broad socio-cultural sense meaning the attitudes of interconnected social groups regarding the past and the present. The participants of the poll were 100 students from the leading Moscow universities. They had been born after the Soviet Union collapse, so, the majority of them have a very obscure idea of the Soviet reality, simultaneously feeling nostalgia for the Soviet political past. The results of the research show that the image of the Soviet Union drastically differs from that of Russia in the young people’s minds being positive and negative, respectively.
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Zaseev, Georgy A. "The Main Directions of Ideological Work with the Youth of Ossetia in 1918-1924." Vestnik of North Ossetian State University, no. 3 (September 25, 2023): 47–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.29025/1994-7720-2023-47-55.
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The article discusses the main directions of ideological work with the youth of Ossetia in 1918-1924. The relevance of the topic is determined by the insufficient study of the ideological component of the youth movement in the North Caucasus in the early Soviet period, which determines the purpose of this study. The article shows that the youth movement in Ossetia was closely connected with the activities of the all-Russian youth organization – Russian communist youth union (1918, since July 1924 – Russian Leninist Communist Youth Union, since 1926 – All-Union Leninist Communist Youth Union/Komsomol), created by the Soviet government for the political education of the young generation of the proletarian republic. Its appearance was due to the need to unite the disparate youth organizations that already existed in various cities of the country and create a single center operating under the leadership of the Communist Party. The process of formation of Komsomol bodies spread in the national regions of the country, including the Terek region, and then in the Mountain ASSR and its individual regions, including Ossetia. One of the main goals of the youth policy was to attract to the side of the party the broad masses of young people who could be involved in the restoration of the economy. Youth organizations in Ossetia solved various party tasks. Ossetian youth were actively involved in Soviet construction. It also participated in rallies, meetings and other public events. The work of the youth was expressed in the organization of Komsomol cells in the Vladikavkaz district, Digoria and remote villages. The fight against unemployment was carried out by involving young highlanders in production. The conclusion is drawn about the role played by the youth Komsomol organizations of Ossetia in strengthening the Soviet power, establishing party work in the politically, socially and economically difficult North Caucasian region. The source base of the study was made up of publications in the mass periodical press, collections of documents on the history of the Ossetian organization of the Komsomol, as well as materials from the SOIGSI Scientific Archive. The study was carried out on the basis of a problem-chronological approach using general historical methods and taking into account the principles of historicism, consistency and objectivity.
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Soroka, Svitlana, and Olena Faichuk. "Evolution of Youth Protest: Soviet Historiography of Informal Youth Associations in Ukraine." Studia Warmińskie 59 (December 31, 2022): 403–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.31648/sw.7453.
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This article presents a historiographical study of the informal youth associations of Soviet society that is relevant to contemporary sociology. Although informal youth associations in the Soviet Union had always existed, their analysis was only possible after the beginning of “perestroika”. The activation of research beganin 1986–1988. The peak of sociological research on these youth associations, as well as the development of mechanisms to analyse and point in their direction, occurredin 1989–1991. The authors have described the main areas of activity of informal youth associations, as well as how this problem has been addressed by some researchers.
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Galley, Mirjam. "Childhood and Youth in the Soviet Union under Stalin." Kritika: Explorations in Russian and Eurasian History 24, no. 1 (January 2023): 185–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/kri.2023.0007.
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ZASLONKINA, O. V. "THE PROBLEM OF THE HISTORICAL CONTINUITY OF ALL-UNION LENINIST YOUNG COMMUNIST LEAGUE AND YOUTH PARLIAMENTARISM IN RUSSIA IN THE LAST QUARTER OF THE XX CENTURY." JOURNAL OF PUBLIC AND MUNICIPAL ADMINISTRATION 10, no. 3 (2021): 60–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.22394/2225-8272-2021-10-3-60-68.
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The articledeals with the historical experience of the development of Russian youth parliamentarism. The author examines the possibility of continuity of organization and functions between the consultative and advisory bodies of young parliamentarians of post-Soviet Russia and the institutions of All-Union Leninist Young Communist Leaguein 1918-1991. It is formulated that the fundamental differences between the activities of All-Union Leninist Young Communist Leagueand the youth parliamentarism of recent Russian history. It argues for the idea that they consist in a mismatch of ideological attitudes, organizational structure and functional purpose of the subjects under consideration. At the same time, a certain historical continuity of post-Soviet youth parliamentarism in relation to All-Union Leninist Young Communist League of the USSR is stressed. In conclusion muchattention is drawn to the same legal format of activity as public organizations, as well as in the tasks of forming a personnel reserve to replenish the ranks of political elites and the adminis-trative apparatus of the state.
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FINCKENAUER, JAMES O., and LINDA KELLY. "Juvenile Delinquency and Youth Subcultures in the Former Soviet Union." International Journal of Comparative and Applied Criminal Justice 16, no. 1-2 (January 1992): 247–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01924036.1992.9688996.
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Waingertner, Przemysław. "Rosja Sowiecka i Związek Sowiecki w refleksji politycznej ruchu zetowego w Drugiej Rzeczypospolitej." Studia Rossica Gedanensia, no. 9 (December 31, 2022): 187–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.26881/srg.2022.9.11.
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Soviet Russia and the Soviet Union in the Political Reflection of the “Zet”-movement in the Second Republic of Poland The article is an attempt to present and analyze the concept of a foreign policy, formulated in the years of the Second Republic of Poland by the representatives of the political circle of “Zet”, and to relate to the issue of Poland’s relations with Soviet Russia (known later as the Soviet Union) and to the actions on the international arena of the eastern neighbor of Poland. The underground Polish Youth Union “Zet” was established in 1886 in Warsaw in order to fight for a united, independent, democratic and socially just Republic of Poland. In interwar Poland, while maintaining a secret character, “Zet” coordinated the activities of a network of public organizations and periodicals (forming the so-called “Zet”-movement) influencing the political and social life in the country. In Soviet Russia, and later in the Soviet Union, “Zet” saw a threat to the reborn Republic of Poland in the imperial and aggressive nature of the foreign policy of the Bolsheviks. “Zet” supported the federal program and then the Promethean program. The organization also advocated a close cooperation among the western neighbors of the Soviet state. The concepts of the Zetist foreign policy relating to Soviet Russia and the Soviet Union were based on the postulate to weaken “The Red Kremlin”, defined as a declared opponent of independent Poland.
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Zhuk, Sergei I. "Popular Culture, Identity, and Soviet Youth in Dniepropetrovsk, 1959–84." Carl Beck Papers in Russian and East European Studies, no. 1906 (January 1, 2008): 72. http://dx.doi.org/10.5195/cbp.2008.143.
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This paper explores the connections between cultural consumption, ideology, and identity formation in one particular city of the Soviet Ukraine during the Brezhnev era before perestroika. This industrial city, Dniepropetrovsk, was closed to foreigner visits by the KGB in 1959 because it became the location for one of the biggest missile factories in the Soviet Union. Given its closed, sheltered existence, Dniepropetrovsk became a unique Soviet social and cultural laboratory in which various patterns of late socialism collided with the new Western cultural infl uences. Using archival documents, periodicals, personal diaries and interviews as historical sources, this paper focuses on how various aspects of cultural consumption (reading books, listening and dancing to Western music) among the youth of the Soviet “closed city” contributed to various forms of cultural identifi cation, which eventually became elements of post-Soviet Ukrainian national identity.
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Tsipursky, Gleb. "Worker Youth and Everyday Violence in the Post-Stalin Soviet Union." European History Quarterly 45, no. 2 (April 2015): 236–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0265691414568282.
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Mally, Lynn. "The Rise and Fall of the Soviet Youth Theater TRAM." Slavic Review 51, no. 3 (1992): 411–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2500052.
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“Young people need their own theater, akin to their own spirit,” wrote the actor Nikolai Kriuchkov in a memoir of his life in the theater in the 1920s and 1930s. While he acknowledged that the Soviet Union had developed a network of professional Komsomol theaters aimed at youth, Kriuchkov charged that in general these theaters simply duplicated the repertoire of conventional stages. But TRAM, an acronym for the Theater of Working-Class Youth (Teatr Rabochei Molodezhi), where Kriuchov got his start, was different. “It had its own topical themes, its own character, and young people went willingly.”
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Shlikhta, Natalia. "Postsoviet “ambivalence of consciousness” of the Ukrainian youth (based on the poll “Soviet past and its impact upon the life of contemporary youth”)." NaUKMA Research Papers. History 5 (December 28, 2022): 62–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.18523/2617-3417.2022.5.62-69.
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In September – November 2021, the project team “Soviet Past: (Re)thinking of History” conducted an online-poll for school youth of 14-18 year-old under the common title “Soviet Past and Its Impact upon the Life of Contemporary Youth.” This was one of the first polls focused on the views and understandings of the youngest Ukrainian citizens.This article examines the poll results within a broader context of ongoing discussions about the impact of the Soviet past upon the life of contemporary Ukrainians and about the phenomenon of “post-Sovietness” on the territories of the former Soviet Union. The poll was conducted on the eve of the Russo-Ukrainian war, which broke on February 24, 2022. It therefore fixed those behavioral patterns and value orientations of the so-called “generation of Ukrainian independence” that are defined as “ambivalent” by sociologists: they simultaneously testify to the declarative break of the Ukrainian youth with the Soviet past and this past’s continuing impact upon its present.The Russo-Ukrainian war will undeniably impact Ukrainians’ attitude towards the Soviet past. It will most probably cause a complete and final symbolic break with this past, especially at the level of policy making and public presentation. Still, as the author argues, we cannot determine at the moment its deeper impact upon personal perceptions, value orientations, and behavioral models of Ukrainians, including of the youngest ones, which are analyzed in this article.
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Nasritdinov, Emil, and Philipp Schröder. "From Frunze to Bishkek: Soviet Territorial Youth Formations and Their Decline in the 1990s and 2000s." Central Asian Affairs 3, no. 1 (January 8, 2016): 1–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22142290-00301001.
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This article presents an “alternative urban history” of Bishkek (Frunze). We describe the history of Soviet streets and of the everyday life of young people, whose narratives fit neither the Soviet nor the post-Soviet history textbooks. Yet, these stories are extremely important, rich, and unique. They reveal the complex dynamics of the social organization of urban territories in cities of Soviet origin. The research has shown that the territorial youth culture of Frunze had much in common with similar developments in cities all across the Soviet Union. At the same time, it developed its own particular features, complexities, and diversities due to specific local conditions. The study also provides insights into the power of territory. It reveals how identities, everyday practices, and the socialization of young people were embedded in the specific geographies of the Kyrgyz capital.
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Walker, Charles, and Svetlana Stephenson. "Youth and social change in Eastern Europe and the former Soviet Union." Journal of Youth Studies 13, no. 5 (August 2, 2010): 521–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13676261.2010.487522.
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Tamar Ruth, Orowitz. "Patterns of drugs and alcohol abuse among youth." Journal of Addiction Therapy and Research 5, no. 1 (March 19, 2021): 012–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.29328/journal.jatr.1001016.
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The study attempted to answer several questions: Does the cultural and social background of immigrant youth from the Former Soviet Union (FSU) affect their use of addictive substances? Do these youth show distinctive patterns of drug and alcohol abuse? Do the addictive substances used by these teenagers share similar characteristics? Are the patterns of drug abuse and alcohol abuse different? Do students in different educational frameworks demonstrate different consumption patterns? Can “critical moments” explain the presence or absence of alcohol and drug abuse?
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Chlenova, Masha. "Staging Soviet Art: 15 Years of Artists of the Russian Soviet Republic, 1932–33." October 147 (January 2014): 38–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/octo_a_00165.
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A documentary photograph from the exhibition 15 Years of Artists of the RSFSR (Khudozhniki RSFSR za 15 let) that opened in Moscow in June 1933 shows the extent to which contemporaries perceived this show as a watershed, a moment when the last remnants of the bourgeois culture of prerevolutionary Russia definitively gave way to the proletarian culture of the rapidly modernizing Soviet Union. A clean-cut and athletic Soviet youth looks straight into the eyes of the refined symbolist poet, playwright, critic, and translator Mikhail Kuz'min as painted in 1926 by a fellow member of the artistic group World of Art (Mir Iskusstva), Nikolai Radlov. In this confrontation, Kuz'min seems to embody everything the Soviet Union had done away with. The height of his fame as a Symbolist poet was the 1900s and 1910s; in the early 1930s, he was still writing poetry, but was unable to publish and increasingly marginalized. In the painting's background, a mythic landscape set within an arched window typical of Renaissance portraits ties him to the Western humanist tradition. Kuz'min's bodily posture invites contact: Seated close to the picture plane with open arms, he appears to look out. Yet the poet also seems reserved and distant, perhaps because of his formal dress, and introspective: The lit cigarette at the level of his mouth and his semi-open book signal that he is preoccupied with a subject other than his interlocutor. The youth, on the other hand, has the confident, even somewhat condescending look of a master of the universe (khoziain zhizni), with folded arms and a slightly skeptical glance. Wearing a fashionable sports shirt on his fit body, he represents the ideal of the times: a healthy, physically strong, and ideologically prepared builder of a socialist society who, both literally and figuratively, embodies the Soviet future. Such an ideal is exemplified by Aleksandr Samokhvalov's contemporaneous painting Girl in a Soccer Jersey (Devushka v futbolke), which was displayed in the same exhibition and quickly became an iconic symbol of Soviet athletic youth. This seemingly antagonistic encounter between representatives of the Soviet past and future simultaneously reflects the change in the official rhetoric. By 1933 it was conciliatory in tone, having firmly replaced the open class conflict of the preceding years, and bourgeois specialists were not only welcomed back into the fold of Soviet society, they were offered privileges if they worked for the new state.
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MALETS, D. S. "FORMATION OF HISTORICAL AND CULTURAL MEMORY IN THE CONTEXT OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE SEARCH MOVEMENT IN 1960-1970: BASED ON MATERIALS FROM THE SMOLENSK DISTRICT, ALTAI TERRITORY." Field studies in the Upper Ob, Irtysh and Altai (archeology, ethnography, oral history and museology) 18, no. 1 (2023): 247–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.37386/2687-0584-2023-18-247-253.
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The article examines the forms of work, directions and methods of work of the search movement in the context of state policy, in particular the project “All-Union campaign of Komsomol members and youth to the places of revolutionary, military and labor glory of the Communist Party and the Soviet people”. The analysis of the sources allows us to characterize the movement of the “red pathfinders” as a youth-patriotic movement, whose activities were aimed at the formation of historical and cultural heritage.
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Ivanov, A. G. "Channels of Memory about the USSR for “Generation X”: from Post-Soviet Media Interpretations to Family Experience." Tempus et Memoria 5, no. 1 (2024): 76–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.15826/tetm.2024.1.063.
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They are called “Generation X”, their childhood and youth fell in the 1980s, they had their own access to the Soviet reality, being, as a rule, in the bosom of the family. Reading the texts of newspapers, analyzing the content of post-Soviet TV projects, the author tries to answer the question, whether these interpretations and broadcasts of images of the Soviet Union correspond to the own impressions of representatives of “Generation X”, for which the ideas of A. Assmann, M. Hirsch, G. Harman, A. Yurchak, as well as interviews of actors of different generations are involved. It is concluded that today, under the influence of the media, at one time, young witnesses of the USSR formed a special — divided — perception of the Soviet past.
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Krukovsky, Vitaliy. "Expo-1967 in Montreal: the Struggle for Ukrainian Sovereignty." American History & Politics Scientific edition, no. 9 (2020): 137–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/2521-1706.2020.09.12.
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The purpose of the article is to analyze the events surrounding the participation of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic in the World Expo–1967 exhibition in Montreal and to identify the features of this process, such as the actions of diaspora organizations to attract the attention of the Canadian government and the international community to the political status of Ukraine within the Soviet Union. The publication proves that the youth movement of the Ukrainian diaspora is able to influence the course of important political events, one of which was the Montreal World Exhibition. It was used by the Kremlin as a component of preparations for the 50th anniversary of the October Bolshevik coup in Petrograd on November 7, 1917. Meanwhile, the Ukrainian diaspora was preparing to celebrate the anniversaries of the Ukrainian settlements in Canada, the Ukrainian National Revolution of 1917–1921, and the creation of the Ukrainian Insurgent Army. The author concluded that the Ukrainian Canadian community drew the attention of the Canadian government and the international community to the political status of Ukraine within the Soviet Union and contributed to the consolidation of all Ukrainian world in the fight for human rights in Soviet Ukraine and its proper place in the international political and legal environment. Despite the strong involvement of the Soviet Union’s State Security Committee’s agent network, the activities of Ukrainian youth organizations in Canada in July–August 1967 brought a number of positive gains. In particular, it fostered a sense of patriotism, self–identification, and continuity in the traditions of national liberation struggle. At the same time, the nature of the events was driven by local characteristics, the size of the diaspora and its financial resources. In this context, the activities of Ukrainian youth organizations in Canada during Expo-1967 were a kind of impetus for the further struggle for freedom and independence of the native generations of the state – Ukraine.
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Efimova, Larisa. "Did the Soviet Union instruct Southeast Asian communists to revolt? New Russian evidence on the Calcutta Youth Conference of February 1948." Journal of Southeast Asian Studies 40, no. 3 (September 1, 2009): 449–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022463409990026.
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This article uses recently declassified archival documents from the Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party (of Bolsheviks) concerning the Calcutta Youth Conference of February 1948. This evidence contradicts speculation that ‘orders from Moscow’ were passed to Southeast Asian communists at this time, helping to spark the rebellions in Indonesia, Malaya, Burma and the Philippines later that year. Secret working papers now available to researchers show no signs that the Soviet leadership planned to call upon Asian communists to rise up against their national bourgeois governments at this point in time. This article outlines the real story behind Soviet involvement in events leading up to the Calcutta Youth Conference, showing both a desire to increase information and links, and yet also a degree of caution over the prospects of local parties.
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Sheremeev, Evgeny Evgenievich. "Solovetsky cabin boy from the city of Kuibyshev: Ivan Pavlovich Zorin (1925-1987), a participant of the Great Victory parade of 1945." Samara Journal of Science 11, no. 2 (June 1, 2022): 217–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.55355/snv2022112211.
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The paper, based on a wide range of sources, shows courage and heroism of Soviet youth during the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945, using the example of the biography of the Solovetsky young man from the city of Kuibyshev (Samara) - Ivan Pavlovich Zorin (1925-1987). The School for cabin boys of the Training Detachment of the Northern Fleet of the USSR Navy 1942-1945 (Solovetskaya School for cabin boys) - was a grotesque military educational institution. As for its students, it was the youngest school among the countries participating in the Second World War. Largely because of this, its graduates gained the status of veterans of the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945 - only in 1985, thanks to the chief of the General Staff of the USSR Armed Forces in 1984-1988, Marshal of the Soviet Union S.F. Akhromeev. Among 4111 specialists trained in the Solovetskaya School for cabin boys there were 3 Heroes of the Soviet Union and 3 Heroes of Socialist Labor, 3 laureates of the State and 1 Lenin Prizes of the USSR, admirals and scientists, honored teachers and artists as well as production leaders. The author emphasizes the task of genetic continuity of modern Russia with the Generation of Winners; the goal is patriotic education of youth and creative development of society.
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Nikiforenkova, Anna M. "The dominant role of the Komsomol in youth outreach in the Soviet Union." Problems of Modern Education (Problemy Sovremennogo Obrazovaniya), no. 2 (2022): 124–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.31862/2218-8711-2022-2-124-134.
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Averyanova, Ekaterina A. "The Komsomol of Mordovia held festivals of youth and students in the second half of the 1950s." Humanitarian: actual problems of the humanities and education 20, no. 2 (August 20, 2020): 162–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.15507/2078-9823.050.020.202002.162-173.
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Introduction. Festival forms of socio-cultural behavior, as an algorithm for displaying agitation, educational, and entertainment functions during mass events, have recently become the object of study. The need for scientific generalization creates an environment of mutual understanding to strengthen intercultural dialogue, have highlighted the attention to historical experience of such cross-cultural events, for analysis of strategies and mechanisms of translation of information and forms of behavior to create understanding in society and among the participants, promoting a positive image of the country. The subject of the study was the methods of youth mobilization used by the Komsomol in the Mordovian ASSR, during the VI (Moscow, July 28 – August 11, 1957; 3,400 participants; 131 countries; the motto “For peace and friendship”) and VII (Austria, Vienna; 18,000 participants; 112 countries; motto “For peace, friendship and peaceful coexistence”) of the World youth and student festivals (WFMS). Materials and Methods. Materials from the archives of the Republic of Mordovia, statistical data, as well as scientific literature were used to solve the research tasks. The research was conducted on the principle of historicism, objectivity and consistency. The statistical method was used for data processing. Results. Based on the study of archival sources and available scientific literature were the main problems of the festival movement, as well as the participation of Mordovia Komsomol festivals of youth and students in the second half of 1950-ies. Against the background of increasing participation of the Komsomol in the festival movement, the processes of self-organization and innovative activity of Komsomol organizations in conducting youth policy are shown. Discussion and Conclusion. As you know, such festivals have been held since 1947. They are organized by the world Federation of democratic youth (WFDY) and the International Union of students (IUS). The decision to create the WFDY and hold festivals was made at the world conference of youth and students in London in 1945. The tradition of holding irregular festivals of left-wing youth organizations is still attractive in modern youth politics. The XIX festival was held in Russia (Moscow/Sochi; October 14–22, 2017, 185 countries, the motto “For peace, solidarity and social justice, we fight against imperialism-respecting the past, we build the future”. VI world festival of youth and students 1957 (Moscow), still perceived as a unique event for the Soviet Union in the framework of international cultural policy during the cold war. In the article, through the activities of the Komsomol of Mordovia, an attempt is made to consider the goals and objectives of the VI and VII world festival of youth and students, in the context of the youth festival policy in the Soviet Union. As it is known, in the 1950s, the festival movement was organized in the format of traditional political, social and cultural events for the Soviet society. However, it should be taken into account that during their implementation, new forms of communication, methods of mobilization, and broadcasting of information were also born to create mutual understanding among young people.
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Shchipkova, L. V. "Self-Organization Processes of Orthodox Youth in the 1970s." Orthodoxia, no. 4 (January 11, 2024): 118–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.53822/2712-9276-2023-4-118-153.
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This article explores the phenomenon of religious revival among the Orthodox youth in the Soviet Union during the 1970s. The author argues that during this period, some processes took place within a segment of the intellectual Soviet youth that could be described as the Soviet religious renaissance. This phase coincided with Brezhnev’s rise to power and a temporary easing of anti-religious persecution. In the 1960s–70s, the USSR passed several legislative acts that improved the conditions for believers and religious organizations, granting them comparatively greater rights. However, the state retained the authority to intervene in the Church’s internal affairs and rigorously control its activities, leading to a decline in the number of Orthodox parishes from year to year. Nevertheless, a religious-oriented vector was forming in the minds and souls of the thinking Soviet youth. In the 1970s, several movements emerged, actively seeking forms of spiritual life. One notable phenomenon of religious dissidence was the preaching activities of priest Dmitry Dudko. In 1974, followers of Father Dmitry organized the enlightening “Ogorodnikov Seminar”, named after one of its founders. The seminar studied theological and philosophical literature, which its participants struggled to obtain. The seminar later began publishing the journal “Obshchina” (Community). Simultaneously with the Moscow christian seminar, the religious and philosophical Goricheva-Krivulin Seminar emerged in Leningrad. The article delves into the history of Orthodox samizdat (self-published works and underground press) in the 1970s, particularly the journals “Obshchina” (Community) “Veche” (Popular Assembly), and “Moskovsky Sbornik” (Moscow Collection). The Orthodox revival of the 1970s culminated in the early 1980s due to severe repression by Soviet authorities. Typically, those representatives aligned with Russian patriotic ideologies received the longest prison sentences. The author concludes that the ideas of nationally-oriented, patriotic figures and publicists remain relevant to this day.
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Tsipursky, Gleb. "Jazz, Power, and Soviet Youth in the Early Cold War, 1948−1953." Journal of Musicology 33, no. 3 (2016): 332–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/jm.2016.33.3.332.
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Examining the history of jazz in the Soviet Union between 1948 and 1953, this essay sheds light on the role of popular music in the cultural competition of the early Cold War. While the Soviet authorities pursued a tolerant policy toward jazz during World War II because of its wartime alliance with the United States, the outbreak of the Cold War in the late 1940s led to a decisive turn against this music. The Communist Party condemned jazz as the music of the “foreign bourgeoisie,” instead calling for patriotic Soviet music. Building on previous studies of the complex fate of western music in the USSR during the postwar decades, this article highlights a previously unexamined youth counterculture of jazz enthusiasts, exploring the impact of anti-jazz initiatives on grassroots cultural institutions, on the everyday cultural practices of young people, and on the Cold War’s cultural front in the USSR. It relies on sources from central and regional archives, official publications, and memoirs, alongside oral interviews with jazz musicians and cultural officials.
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Volkova, I. V. "The illegal organizations of the school pupils in the Soviet Union of Great Terror Period." Psychology and Law 5, no. 4 (2015): 14–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.17759/psylaw.2015050402.
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The article is devoted to the investigation of juvenile delinquent and illegal political groups in years 1936-1938.Despite of high tension in the society, teenagers and youth of that period did not leave the attempts to create illegal and alternative of pioneers and komsomol self-made organizations. Оn the basis of archive sources the author restores the full list of such groups, analyzes their membership, plans, methods and the results of activity. The article reconstructs the motives of different types of behavior, reveals the connections between delinquenсy and political protest in juvenile activities. As the result of the realized investigation the author makes the conclusion about the reasons of low weight of the mostly oppositional groups among teenagers and youth of that period.
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Boiko, Anna, and Li Ming. "The spread of Chinese national opera abroad in the 1950s." OOO "Zhurnal "Voprosy Istorii" 2023, no. 7-2 (July 1, 2023): 140–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.31166/voprosyistorii202307statyi56.
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The article examines the features of the spread Chinese national opera abroad in the 1950s. The touring activity of the Chinese youth artistic ensemble in 1951-1952, which made a significant contribution to the spread of this genre outside of China, is highlighted. Special attention is paid to the study of the popularization of Chinese theatrical art (including the Chinese national opera) in the Soviet Union.
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Kock, Timothy K. "Using an Active Learning Approach (the 4-H model) to Stimulate Social Change: Youth and Community Development in the Republic of Kyrgyzstan." Journal of Youth Development 5, no. 2 (June 1, 2010): 61–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.5195/jyd.2010.221.
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As Kyrgyzstan recovers from the collapse of the Soviet Union, the youth of this Newly Independent State (NIS) face troubling times. Poverty has become all to familiar throughout the country; its people, including youth, are losing hope and question their ability to be productive members of society (Lines & Kock, 2004). Kyrgyzstan’s future leaders – like all nations - are found among its youth of today. Therefore, it behooves the government and citizens of Kyrgyzstan to develop youth centers designed to enhance the skills young people need to succeed now and in the future. This paper describes a program designed to teach Kyrgyz youth and adults teamwork, and civic responsibility through experiential learning activities. The paper outlines the steps taken and results derived from the hands-on trainings provided to the participants in one location in Kyrgyzstan. Findings from this study may have implications for other international youth development projects.
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Silvan, Kristiina. "From Komsomol to the Republican Youth Union: Building a Pro-presidential Mass Youth Organisation in Post-Soviet Belarus." Europe-Asia Studies 72, no. 8 (May 21, 2020): 1305–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09668136.2020.1761296.
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Viazinkin, Aleksei Y., and Kuzma A. Yakimov. "Soviet Youth and Trotskyism in the Days of the “Great Terror” of the 1930s in the USSR: Based on Archival Sources." Herald of an archivist, no. 4 (2022): 1185–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.28995/2073-0101-2022-4-1185-1197.
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The use of the negative image of L. D. Trotsky in the Soviet propaganda during the Great Terror of the 1930s in the USSR had a significant impact on the formation of political consciousness of the Soviet youth. The article analyzes archival historical sources that reflect the complex nature of mutual relations between Soviet propaganda, repressive machine, Soviet youth, and propaganda figure of L. D. Trotsky in the days of the Great Terror. Despite the abundance of historical works devoted to the phenomenon of Soviet youth in the 1930s, the problem of attitude of the younger generation to Trotskyism remains little studied. Thus, the study is to fill the gap in scientific knowledge. It is based on principles of historicism and objectivity and uses historical, comparative, deductive, and retrospective methods. The reaction of the Soviet youth to the anti-Trotskyist rhetoric of Soviet propaganda and repression against those who were denounced as “Trotskyists” is reflected in a number of personal provenance sources (diaries, appeals), as well as in protocols and transcripts of the Komsomol conferences preserved in the fonds of the Russian State Archive of Social and Political History (RGASPI), the State Archive of Socio-Political History of the Tambov Region (GASPITO), and the State Archive of Socio-Political History of the Voronezh Region (GAOPIVO), which indicates the representativeness of the source base. Most documents are being introduced into scientific use by the authors. The authors conclude that the party and Komsomol control over the moods of the younger generation, which strengthened in the period of mass political repression, could not turn it into a monolithic and completely devoted social group. The Soviet leadership demanding from young people a hostile attitude towards Trotskyism often engendered bewilderment and resistance. The reason for accusing them of Trotskyism was mostly young people’s doubt in the possibility of building communism in one country. However, even Komsomol members were often puzzled by such accusations, having quite superficial notions on Trotskyism. The analysis of the sources suggests that the figure of Trotsky, proclaimed by the official propaganda the “enemy of the people,” still had significant authority for the youth. Among the young people, many doubted the legality of charges against Trotsky and were not afraid to talk about political merits of the convicted “leader.” Some linked their hopes for a brighter future with the name of Trotsky, never doubting his return to the Soviet Union in order to lead the state. Many saw in Trotsky a semi-legendary figure, a genuine revolutionary, whose merits to the common cause of revolution and socialist construction could not be overestimated. The historical analysis lays the foundation for a new scientific view on characteristic features of political thinking of the Soviet youth during the Great Terror.
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Starostova, L. E. "MZhK architecture as a legacy of Soviet modernism." Urbis et Orbis Microhistory and Semiotics of the City 3, no. 1 (2023): 62–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.34680/urbis-2023-3(1)-62-81.
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In recent years, the architecture of late modernism (the second half of the 20th century) has attracted more and more attention. However, its legacy is still not sufficiently discussed in scientific and popular literature, many buildings of the 1960–80s are demolished before they receive historical and cultural expertise and protection. Despite a number of systematizing studies, the architecture of capitals gets more often in the center of attention of researchers. Until now, the architecture of this period in regional cities, especially residential buildings, has not been sufficiently described. Such buildings bordering in status include residential complexes of the movement of youth residential complexes (in Russian – Molodezniy zhiloy kompleks – MZhK), the architecture and planning solutions of which have become an expression of a unique combination of a construction organization model, a social concept of the neighboring community and author’s architectural solutions within the framework of a given social program for a residential complex. The concept of the youth residential complex was based on the idea of a self-governing neighborhood community, whose members build many apartments houses with their own hands. The peak of construction of the MZhK came in the 1980s, when the aesthetics and principles of modernism spread throughout the world. In large MZhK, architecture has become a manifestation of the social idea of a youth residential complex. The largest MZhK in the Soviet Union was built in Yekaterinburg, but its architectural heritage is not sufficiently appreciated by Authorities. The article conceptualizes the architectural heritage of the movement of youth residential complexes as part of the historical and cultural heritage according to a number of criteria on the example of the architecture of the MZhK in Yekaterinburg, as well as the cities of Korolev and Zelenograd.
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Hornsby, Robert. "Soviet Youth on the March: The All-Union Tours of Military Glory, 1965–87." Journal of Contemporary History 52, no. 2 (July 27, 2016): 418–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022009416644666.
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Studenna-Skrukwa, Marta. "The One that Wasn’t: Child and Youth Labour in the Post-Stalin Era in the Soviet Union." Studia Historiae Oeconomicae 41, no. 2 (December 10, 2023): 103–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/sho.2023.41.2.006.
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This paper examines the phenomenon of child and youth labour in the post-Stalin era in the Soviet Union. The starting point for the consideration constitutes the analysis of the law adopted by the Supreme Soviet of the USSR in 1958 titled “On the strengthening of the link between school and life and the further development of people’s education in the USSR”. This law placed great emphasis on combining education with practice and involving pupils from the earliest grades in various forms of both productive and socially useful labour. Subsequently, four categories of labour to which children and young people in the USSR were systemically forced has been distinguished. These included: occasional labours, work and leisure camps, so-called subbotniki and little communal works, as well as compulsory recycling. The paper thoroughly depicts all of them in the light of memoir material.
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Vasilenko, Inna V., and Olga V. Tkachenko. "Mentors and Social Formation of Student Youth." Общество: социология, психология, педагогика, no. 9 (September 27, 2023): 15–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.24158/spp.2023.9.1.
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The institute of mentoring is well developed in Western countries. In the Soviet Union, it also received sufficient development in industrial enterprises, as well as in the pedagogical sphere. Both in Soviet times and now, mentoring, which has proven itself positively in the field of professional activity, was poorly or not used at all and is not being used for general and vocational education by young people. At the same time, there is an acute need of young people in social formation, including both everyday communication with peers, parents and teachers, and personal, professional development and self-realization. In modern scientific literature, the problems of mentoring in the pedagogical environment are presented in a variety of ways and the issues con-cerning the mentor as an agent of socialization and an assistant in the construction of social relations among students are almost completely not covered. In order to ascertain the needs of students in mentors and their functions, a sociological online survey was carried out using a questionnaire. The sample size amounted to more than 500 students of Volgograd universities, boys and girls, studying in different courses of bachelor's and master's degree programs. The results showed the relevance of the problem, its awareness and demand of the respondents, especially in the direction of orientation in modern society, personal and professional self-realization and maintaining motivation.
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Kirillova, L. V. "BUILDING THE NATION: SOCIALIST CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS IN ALGERIA, 1962-1978." Вестник Удмуртского университета. Социология. Политология. Международные отношения 4, no. 3 (September 30, 2020): 334–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.35634/2587-9030-2020-4-3-334-343.
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Since the middle of the 1950s, the Socialist countries led by the Soviet Union had made significant contribution to the economic advancement of the developing countries. Under the umbrella of the Council of Mutual Economic Assistance (CMEA), Soviet aid programs extended on many African countries, including Algeria. Founded by the Soviet Bloc in 1949, the CMEA was a response to the Marshall Plan. Within the confines of the Cold War, this international governmental organization aimed to promote the socialist economic integration not only of its members but also the emerging nations beyond the Iron Curtain. In case of Algeria, the massive construction projects sponsored by the CMEA turned into the crucial platforms of the new nation building. Erection of industrial enterprises projected economic, political, social, and cultural development of Algeria. This article presents the construction works in Algeria as the crucial sites for spreading Soviet influence in North Africa. In addition, it demonstrates the role of youth from Algeria and the Soviet Bloc in the establishment of these country-wide projects and the formation of Algerian nationhood.
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Levent, Yanlik. "A Test for Soviet Internationalism: Foreign Students in the USSR in the Early 1960s." Vestnik of Northern (Arctic) Federal University. Series Humanitarian and Social Sciences, no. 1 (February 16, 2021): 21–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.37482/2687-1505-v071.
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For leftist movements internationalism, as a principle of Marxism-Leninism, has always been of great importance. The paper discusses Soviet internationalism in relation to foreign students in the USSR in the early 1960s. The author emphasizes some characteristics of the first stages of ideological struggle between Soviet and Chinese communists in connection with the international youth movement and dwells on three demonstrations of foreign students in the Soviet Union. The first one took place on August 5, 1962 in Red Square and was arranged by a militant leftist Japanese student organization Zengakuren against Soviet nuclear tests. After returning home, their leader Nemoto filed a lawsuit against the Soviet police. However, this campaign failed to provoke anti-Soviet hysteria, but revealed lack of unity between the movements. On December 18, 1963, a demonstration of African students took place in Red Square following the death of Assare-Addo, a medical student from Ghana. This incident is considered against the background of conflicts with African students and a diplomatic crisis in the end of 1961, caused by student demonstrations in Guinea, which were supported by Guinean students in the Soviet Union. During the third demonstration on March 17, 1964, about 50 Moroccan students broke into the Moroccan embassy in Moscow and organized a sit-in to protest the death sentences against 11 people in Morocco who had allegedly planned to assassin King Hassan II. Thus, the correlation between socialist statehood and the principle of internationalism showed a certain pattern: when there is a state, internationalism is put to a serious test. The first protests of foreign students in the USSR clearly prove this point.
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Murzina, Ol'ga Viktorovna, and Natal'ya Sergeevna Gegelova. "Transformation of the genre of lamentation in Modern youth media." Litera, no. 5 (May 2021): 81–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.25136/2409-8698.2021.5.35616.
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This article is dedicated to the transformation of the genre of lamentation in modern youth mass media. The antique genre of lamentation, including the Old Russian literature, implied regret for the lost, mourning for losses, and sadness about things that will not come back. The specificity of the discourse of lamentation in interpretation of modern youth bloggers and journalists consists in their regret for the loss of a country they have never been to, or lived only for a short time. Numerous regrets about the loss of the Soviet Union are expressed by the people born in the Russian Federation. The subject of this research is the rhetorical interpretation of the image of lamented object in its transformation from antiquity to the present day. The article employs the method of comparative analysis for studying the world-modeling categories of text in their comparison with the corresponding discourse of antiquity and the Old Russian writing. The novelty of this work consists in comparison of the paradigm of the antique and Old Russian rhetoric with modern topoi of lamentation. The author proves the preservation of the basic topical structure of the genre of lamentation, which in his opinion, is associated not with the direct orientation towards the examples of antiquity, but rather their indirect perception through a wide range of texts that oriented towards the corresponding paradigm. The conclusion is made that the genre of lamentation has been continued in modern tradition in form of reconstruction in accordance with the similar topical and compositional pattern. The common features of this genre infiltrate into the composition of text and video fragments dedicated to the Soviet Union. The video and text analysis indicates the distinct reconstruction of the traditions related to different historical times, which in fact, does not fully depict any of the real historical epochs of existence of the state.
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Yadova, M. A. "“Nostalgia Not for the Past but Nostalgia for the Present”: Post-Soviet Youth on USSR’s Collapse." Outlines of global transformations: politics, economics, law 14, no. 5 (November 7, 2021): 231–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.23932/2542-0240-2021-14-5-12.
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. The article focuses on the perceptions of the generation of post-Soviet youth about the collapse of the USSR. An attempt to analyse the reasons for the favourable and “nostalgic” attitude to the USSR on the part of those who, due to their age, have no experience of Soviet life is made. It is shown that, according to mass surveys, attitudes towards the collapse of the USSR depend on the age of respondents: older generations predominantly perceive the collapse of the Soviet Union negatively, while among young people (especially in the youngest cohort of 18-24-year olds) the number of those who are not upset about the collapse of the USSR exceeds the number who regret it. The dynamics of public opinion on this event have been erratic in recent years, strongly influenced by the “Crimean effect”: during the Crimean crisis – 2014, the number of those regretting the collapse of the USSR rose sharply, but, years later, it has returned to its previous level. The data of the author’s study devoted to the problem of perception of post-Soviet transformations and the 90s in general by young Russians are given. The study conducted has shown that young people’s attitudes towards the post-Soviet period in Russian society are mainly based on clichés about the “wild” nineties that have been replicated in the Russian media. In their assessments, young people often rely on the views of parents (or other older relatives) and teachers. The mythology of young people’s perception of the events of December 1991 and their internal distance from the last decade of the XX century, as well as their poor knowledge of Soviet and post-Soviet realities of life are noted. The conclusion is drawn that some young people’s interest in the Soviet past stems from dreams of a prosperous and just society of equal opportunities, from which today’s Russia is so far removed.
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Urbanek, Arkadiusz. "Pragmatic and Universal Dimension of Socialisation. Perspective of Experiences of Prisoners – Citizens of Former USSR." Pedagogika 116, no. 4 (December 22, 2014): 240–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.15823/p.2014.061.
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The basic aim of these reflections is to answer the question what is the retrospective picture of socialisation processes, as seen by the researched prisoners. Such general issue combines the interpretation of socialisation, perception of its overt and hidden meaning, as well as personal reflection regarding own experiences. Taking the above into account, the author attempted to present individual, biographical experiences of a very specific group, i.e. citizens of Russia and former Soviet republics, whose period of childhood proceeded in the 1970s and 1980s. The interviews were conducted among a group of prisoners currently serving sentence in Polish prisons, but socialised during the period of Soviet Union. The methodological procedure followed qualitative research paradigm, oriented at reconstruction of experiences from the childhood and youth.
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Берман, L. Berman, Олешко, S. Oleshko, Ермак, and M. Ermak. "Social-Pedagogical Conditions of Cadet Girls Training in the Russian Education System." Socio-Humanitarian Research and Technology 6, no. 2 (July 18, 2017): 22–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/article_595cd613146a83.94767349.
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The article is devoted to the analysis of social-pedagogical preconditions for establishing military education and the emergence of cadet girls in the Russian education system. The reforms of Soviet education and the features of social education in the post-revolutionary period are considered. The experience of military-patriotic education of youth and the creation of social and educational environment of universal military-patriotic and physical education of the younger generation in the pre-war period in the Soviet Union are presented on the example of the military-sports organizations. The role of the military and paramilitary sports and games as an effective means of military-patriotic education of students is noted. Social-pedagogical conditions of training of cadet girls in the Russian education system are formulated.
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Zasedateleva, Evgenia I. "Career Expectations in the Problem Fieldof Rural Youth Life Strategies." Siberian Journal of Philosophy 18, no. 3 (February 25, 2021): 71–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.25205/2541-7517-2020-18-3-71-80.
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The article is devoted to the study of a career as a life strategy for rural youth. In an everchanging society, youth’s views on career and behavior patterns are changing. In rural conditions, youth career strategies may differ from the career strategies of city residents. After the collapse of the Soviet Union, the need arose to find a job as a graduate on their own, which led to a new direction in research - the study of the initial stage of a youth career and issues related to their construction. A study conducted in institutions of higher professional education in the city of Novosibirsk showed thestudents’attitudes toward the beginning of a career, minimum wages, the need or absence of the need for part-time work during studies, the importance of career growth, the value of a diploma.
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Kalinina, Elena A. "Militarization of physical culture and sports in the 1920s: Methods of organization and results." Transactions of the Kоla Science Centre. Series: Natural Sciences and Humanities 3, no. 2/2024 (June 28, 2024): 116–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.37614/2949-1185.2024.3.2.011.
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The military reform of the Armed Forces of the Soviet Union in 1924–1925 was aimed at improving leadership and improving the quality of training of command personnel, creating a new system for recruiting the Armed Forces, and organizing a coherent system for military service by the country's citizens. Physical education organizations were tasked with militarizing physical culture and sports and solving the problem of military physical training of pre-conscription youth. Based on materials from the central and regional periodicals of the pre-war period, the article presents the methods and forms of militarization in the European North of the Soviet Union. The novelty of the study is determined by the fact that the work is the first to analyze the problems of the development of physical education and sports in the light of the policy of militarization in the northern regions of the country. The author proves that in the 1920s this direction was at the initial stage of its development, limited to agitation and propaganda among the population and holding demonstration sports competitions in certain sports.
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Li, Shanshan. "Art Works of Youth Aesthetic Psychology Education Based on the Integration of Environmental Perception and Sensing." Journal of Electrical Systems 20, no. 4s (April 8, 2024): 375–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.52783/jes.1924.
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Youth aesthetic psychology is mainly a branch of psychology that studies the psychological mechanism of people in painting, sculpture, photography, architecture and other art activities, and the psychological activities and laws of people in the creation or appreciation of these art works. Psychologists in the Soviet Union believed that the most basic problem of Youth aesthetic psychology was to study the psychological mechanism of the reaction to beauty when feeling art works. Therefore, we can also regard the appreciation of art works as an aesthetic activity. We can appreciate art works by studying the application and role of Youth aesthetic psychology, so that art appreciators can master aesthetic methods and improve aesthetic standards to a certain extent, and also can deeply resonate with the creator in spirit. This paper carries out the research of Youth aesthetic psychology art works with the perspective of environmental perception and sensor fusion, and combined with experiments to illustrate the effectiveness and superiority of this method.
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Black, Clayton. "Matthias Neumann, The Communist Youth League and the Transformation of the Soviet Union, 1917–1932." European History Quarterly 44, no. 2 (April 2014): 352–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0265691414524528ac.
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Silvan, Kristiina. "Socialist Fun. Youth, Consumption, and State-Sponsored Popular Culture in the Soviet Union, 1945–1970." Europe-Asia Studies 69, no. 5 (May 28, 2017): 844–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09668136.2017.1327735.
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Krawatzek, Félix. "Political Mobilisation and Discourse Networks: A New Youth and the Breakdown of the Soviet Union." Europe-Asia Studies 69, no. 10 (November 26, 2017): 1626–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09668136.2017.1401591.
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