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Journal articles on the topic 'Yttrium'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 26 July 2024

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1

Zhang, Yan Shuang, Yu Jun Zhang, Teng Li, and Qi Song Li. "Preparation and Characteristics of Nanocrystalline Yttria by Microwave-Induced Solution Combustion Method." Key Engineering Materials 697 (July 2016): 18–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.697.18.

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Nanocrystalline yttria powders were successfully synthesized by microwave-induced solution combustion method using a binary yttrium salt system with yttrium nitrate as oxidant and yttrium acetate as reductant. The process involved the redox reaction between the two yttrium salt under the heat generated by absorbing microwaves. The prepared powders were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to study the structure and powder morphology. The prepared powders were indicated to exhibit single-phase cubic crystalline yttria structure. The oxidant/reductant ratios and the calcination temperatures had an effect upon the particle size and powder morphology. The size of the crystallites varied in the range of 16 nm~27 nm with different reductant proportion. The powders were observed to show loosely agglomerated fractals.

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2

Yakovlev, K. A., and V. A. Matveev. "Synthesis and propeties investigation of yttrium and ammonium double carbonate ." Transaction Kola Science Centre 11, no. 3-2020 (November 25, 2020): 230–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.37614/2307-5252.2020.3.4.050.

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The paper considers investigation results of yttrium and ammonium double carbonate synthesis. The compound was synthesized and characterized for the first time. It is proposed to use double yttrium and ammonium carbonate as a precursor to ceramic yttria powders.

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3

Zhang, Xian, Lai Fei Cheng, Li Tong Zhang, Shou Jun Wu, and Yong Dong Xu. "Effect of Yttria Nanopowder on Multi-Layer Coatings of Yttria And CVD SiC/Graphite." Key Engineering Materials 334-335 (March 2007): 653–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.334-335.653.

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Nano-yttria powder can be synthesized by yttrium citrate-urea precursor, combusted at 600°C in air. The CVD SiC coated on graphite (CVD SiC/Graphite) infiltrated by the yttrium citrate-urea precursor, combusted at of 600°C, and then sintered at 1450°C, the thin yttria film can be achieved. The SEM morphology and EDS result of the thin yttria film show a mass of needle-shaped pining into the CVD SiC layer, which improves the combination of CVD SiC layer and wash yttria coating. Therefore, it is an effective transition layer between CVD SiC coating and wash yttria layer.

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4

Satishkumar, K. B., T. K. Vishnuvardhan, B. Rajashekhar, K. Satish, Shashidhar, and B. Sreekanth. "Green Synthesis and Morphology of Nano Yttria Mediated by Agaricus bisporus." Asian Journal of Chemistry 31, no. 4 (February 27, 2019): 834–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.14233/ajchem.2019.21777.

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Nano-yttrium oxide has been synthesized from yttrium nitrate hexahydrate by combustion of Agarics bisporus (mushroom) used as fuel. The precursor yttirium nitrate and fuel in acid medium are combusted in furnace at 400 ºC for 3 h yields yttria nanopowder. Morphology of the reaction products are characterized by SEM and TEM. Synthesized yttria nanoparticle are characterized by UV, FTIR, XRD and EDAX are discussed. The crystallite size obtained nano yttria particles are calculated by Scherer′s equation and compared with Williamson-Hall method.

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5

Cannas, C., M. Casu, M. Mainas, A. Musinu, and G. Piccaluga. "Synthesis and Characterization of Y2O3/SiO2 Composites." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung A 59, no. 4-5 (May 1, 2004): 281–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/zna-2004-4-513.

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Impregnation and deposition-precipitation syntheses have been used to obtain Y2O3/SiO2 samples. In the deposition method, the urea causes the precipitation of yttrium hydroxide, which leads to the formation of yttria nanocrystalline particles in the final composites. Delaying the silica addition up to the visible muddying of the solution, a relevant formation of yttria nanocrystalline particles with average size of about 12 nm is produced. The composites obtained through the impregnation method are amorphous and contain different amounts of yttrium depending on the kind of solvent, the highest concentration being reached using ethanol. In all the samples important interactions at the molecular level among yttrium and silica are revealed, but less important in composites obtained with the deposition precipitation method.

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6

G.Myvizhi, G. Myvizhi, and S. K. Krishna S.K.Krishna. "Hydrothermal Synthesis and Characterization of Yttrium oxide nanoparticles: Bioavailability and Targeting of Breast Tumors." Oriental Journal Of Chemistry 38, no. 2 (April 29, 2022): 312–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.13005/ojc/380211.

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Herein, we demonstrate synthesis of Yttrium Oxide (yttria) nanoparticles of 0.1, 0.2, 0.3 and 0.4 M concentrations by hydrothermal method and characterized using various techniques. Powder XRD analysis showed that the as-prepared nanoparticles have cubic Y2O3 structure with an average crystallite diameter of 34-58 nm. SEM micrographs depicted that agglomerated yttria nanoparticles of different morphological properties and particles in size. The occurrence of metal Oxide is affirmed using FTIR and EDX analysis. The Yttrium Oxide nanoparticles showed better antimicrobial activity against ADCP declared harmful bacteria pathogens such as E. Coli, S. paratyphi, S. aureus, and S. pyogenes. Further, the yttrium oxide nanoparticles revealed better anticarcinogenic activity against MCF-7 cell line with IC50 value 47.07 μg/ml. From these findings, the nanoparticles of Y2O3 are candidates to be used as potential alternatives in antitumor therapy.

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7

WENDEL, H., H. HOLZSCHUH, H. SUHR, G. ERKER, S. DEHNICKE, and M. MENA. "THIN ZIRCONIUM DIOXIDE AND YTTRIUM OXIDE-STABILIZED ZIRCONIUM DIOXIDE FILMS PREPARED BY PLASMA-CVD." Modern Physics Letters B 04, no. 19 (October 20, 1990): 1215–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217984990001537.

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Thin zirconia (zirconium dioxide) films are deposited by PECVD using as precursors organometallic compounds, metal alkoxides, and metal β-diketonates. The properties of the films depend on the substrate temperature, power density and the nature and partial pressure of the precursor. Thin films of zirconia stabilized with yttria (yttrium oxide) are formed at relatively low deposition temperatures (500°C) using the β-diketones of zirconium and yttrium.

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8

Maki, Sachiko, Eiji Nishibori, Daisuke Kawaguchi, Makoto Sakata, Masaki Takata, Takashi Inoue, and Hisanori Shinohara. "Element-selective charge density visualization of endohedral metallofullerenes using synchrotron X-ray multi-wavelength anomalous powder diffraction data." Journal of Applied Crystallography 46, no. 3 (April 6, 2013): 649–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s002188981300592x.

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An algorithm for determining the element-selective charge density has been developed using the maximum entropy method (MEM), Rietveld analysis and synchrotron X-ray multi-wavelength anomalous powder diffraction data. This article describes in detail both experimental and analytical aspects of the developed method. A structural study of yttrium mono-metallofullerene, Y@C82, 1:1 co-crystallized with toluene using the present technique is reported in order to demonstrate the applicability of the method even when only medium resolution data are available (d> 1.32 Å). Element-selective MEM charge density maps, computed from synchrotron X-ray powder diffraction data collected at three distinct wavelengths around the yttriumK-absorption edge (∼0.727 A), are employed for determining three crystallographic sites of the disordered yttrium.

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9

Sadhasivam, M., L. J. Berchmans, G. K. Meenashisundaram, Usmaniya Mehana, S. R. Sankaranarayanan, and Babu Kumaresh. "A new approach to synthesize nano-yttrium boride particle through metallothermic reduction process." Journal of Mining and Metallurgy, Section B: Metallurgy 56, no. 1 (2020): 77–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/jmmb190315048s.

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In the present study, a novel attempt is made to synthesize yttrium boride (YB4) nano-sized powders through metallothermic reduction method. The starting materials used were yttria (Y2O3) and boron oxide (B2O3) as reactants, and calcium (Ca) as reductant. The reaction was carried out at 9500C under argon atmosphere followed by acid washing. The product was subjected to X-ray fluorescence (XRF) which indicated its elemental constituents and purity of the prepared nanopowders. X-ray diffraction (XRD) studies revealed the formation of YB4 and YB6 phases as well as their respective crystal structures. Thermal analysis was done to calculate the weight loss and phase stability at different temperatures. It showed complete crystallization of the yttrium boride around 8000C. Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) images showed the agglomerated particle morphology. Energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) indicated the presence of Y and B elements. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images revealed the particle size in the order of 40 nm to 60 nm. Selected area electron diffraction (SAED) pattern were in consensus with XRD results ensuring the formation of nano-sized yttrium boride. The overall results confirmed that yttrium boride can be synthesized by the low-temperature metallothermic reduction process.

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10

CHU, PAUL C. W. "YTTRIUM." Chemical & Engineering News 81, no. 36 (September 8, 2003): 102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/cen-v081n036.p102.

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11

Housecroft, Catherine E. "Yttrium." Coordination Chemistry Reviews 124, no. 1-2 (April 1993): 51–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0010-8545(93)80004-o.

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12

Housecroft, Catherine E. "Yttrium." Coordination Chemistry Reviews 127, no. 1-2 (September 1993): 139–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0010-8545(93)80058-d.

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13

Hofmeister, A. M., and K. R. Campbell. "Infrared spectroscopy of yttrium aluminum, yttrium gallium, and yttrium iron garnets." Journal of Applied Physics 72, no. 2 (July 15, 1992): 638–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.351846.

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14

Kuo, Dong-Hau, and Waltraud M. Kriven. "Characterization of Yttrium Phosphate and a Yttrium Phosphate/Yttrium Aluminate Laminate." Journal of the American Ceramic Society 78, no. 11 (November 1995): 3121–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1151-2916.1995.tb09094.x.

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15

Avdin, Viacheslav V., Valeria V. Trunova, and Aleksandra V. Bulanova. "Nanostructured Yttrium Oxide Obtained by Hydrolysis of Yttrium Sulfate." Materials Science Forum 946 (February 2019): 109–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.946.109.

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Modern functional metal oxide materials are based upon the use of nanostructured particles. In recent years materials on the basis of yttrium oxide find ever-widening application. The properties of yttrium oxide depend heavily on precursors and synthesis conditions. One of the poorly investigated precursors is yttrium sulfate. The study discusses the products of alkaline hydrolysis of yttrium sulfate obtained by the sol-gel method. The influence of the synthesis pH on morphological, thermal and structural properties of compounds has been examined. Formation of non-stoichiometric compounds occluding counter-ions of the reactant salts in their structure has been revealed. The nanostructured hydrolysis products are formed, which increase their specific surface at annealing and retain their morphology and sizes. The obtained results give grounds to expect using yttrium sulfate as a precursor for synthesis of structured yttrium oxide.

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16

Kumproa, Kanatip, Apinon Nuntiya, Qi Wu Zhang, and Fumio Saito. "Synthesis of 8 %mol Yttria-Stabilized Zirconia Powders by Mechanochemical Processing of ZrOCl₂.8H₂O and YCl₃.6H₂0 with Li₂CO₃." Advanced Materials Research 93-94 (January 2010): 344–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.93-94.344.

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Mechanochemical processing of zirconium oxychloride and yttrium chloride precursors with lithium carbonate has been used to synthesis ultrafine powders of yttria-stabilized zirconia. The purposes of this work are to synthesis 8% mol yttria-stabilized zirconia powder via a mechanochemical process and to study the effect of LiCl as an inert diluent on agglomerate size of ultrafine powders. 8% mol yttria-stabilized zirconia powder was prepared from zirconium oxychloride and 8 %mol yttrium chloride precursors with lithium carbonate by using planetary ball mill and heat treatment. Chemical reaction between reactant mixtures occurs during post-milling heat treatment at low temperature to form composite powder. The products of this reaction consist of ultrafine powders embedded within LiCl as soluble salt by-product. The ultrafine powder is then recovered by removing the salt through a washing procedure. The powders were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and particle size analysis. The results indicated that 8% mol yttria-stabilized zirconia crystal structure depends on post-milling heat treatment temperatures. The structure of yttria-stabilized zirconia is transformed to a tetragonal form at 400 oC and 500 oC. Furthermore, it tends to form a cubic structure at 600 oC. However, agglomerate size of ultrafine powders also depends on the concentration of lithium chloride as an inert diluent and the washing procedure. Primary particle size of ultrafine powders is 30 nm.

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17

Mongstad, Trygve, Annett Thøgersen, Aryasomayajula Subrahmanyam, and Smagul Karazhanov. "The electronic state of thin films of yttrium, yttrium hydrides and yttrium oxide." Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells 128 (September 2014): 270–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.solmat.2014.05.037.

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18

Luconi, Lapo, Dmitrii M. Lyubov, Claudio Bianchini, Andrea Rossin, Cristina Faggi, Georgii K. Fukin, Anton V. Cherkasov, Andrei S. Shavyrin, Alexander A. Trifonov, and Giuliano Giambastiani. "Yttrium-Amidopyridinate Complexes: Synthesis and Characterization of Yttrium-Alkyl and Yttrium-Hydrido Derivatives." European Journal of Inorganic Chemistry 2010, no. 4 (February 2010): 608–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ejic.200900934.

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19

HUGHES, A., and S. BADWAL. "Impurity and yttrium segregation in yttria-tetragonal zirconia." Solid State Ionics 46, no. 3-4 (July 1991): 265–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0167-2738(91)90225-z.

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20

Yu, Ping, Long Shi, Wen Wang, and Fu Hui Wang. "Oxidation Behavior of K38 Superalloy with Different Amounts of Yttrium Addition at 1173K in Air." Advanced Materials Research 366 (October 2011): 40–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.366.40.

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The oxidation behavior of K38 alloy with 0, 0.05, 0.1, 0.5wt% yttrium concentrations has been investigated during exposures in air at 1173K for 100 hours. The results indicated that Cr2O3 and TiO2 scale mainly formed on the surface of the alloy without yttrium. Yttrium addition promoted the selective oxidation of aluminum and reduced the internal oxidation. The alloy with 0.1 wt.% yttrium addition exhibits excellent oxidation behavior among the four types of the alloys for its decreasing the oxidation rate and forming more continuous and compact Al2O3 scales. Yttrium-rich phase formed in the alloy with 0.5wt.% yttrium, result in a negative effect on the oxidation resistance of cast alloys.

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21

Buinachev, S. V., M. A. Domashenkov, M. A. Mashkovtsev, D. O. Polivoda, and N. V. Zhirenkina. "Synthesis and study of the properties of zirconium dioxide powders with different yttrium content." Izvestiya. Non-Ferrous Metallurgy, no. 2 (June 30, 2024): 44–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.17073/0021-3438-2024-2-44-54.

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As part of the study, the influence of yttrium content on the properties of particles during controlled precipitation and after thermal treatment was investigated. Precipitation was carried out at a constant pH of 5 from nitric acid solutions, where the concentration of zirconium was 1 mole/dm3 and the yttrium content ranged from 0 to 30 % based on their oxides. The drying and calcination temperatures of the precipitates were 40 °C and 1000 °C, respectively. It was shown that with a yttrium content of up to 15 %, there was a consistent increase in the average diameter of zirconium hydroxide particles during deposition. When the yttrium concentration was increased to 30 %, the average particle size increased during the first 10 minutes of deposition, followed by a gradual decrease. The largest particle diameter was observed in the specimen with 7 % yttrium. In all cases, the formation of spherical aggregates was observed. With an increasing yttrium content, the boundaries between particles became smoother, and the degree of co-deposition of yttrium during synthesis decreased from 80 % to 60 %. Depending on the yttrium concentration, different modifications of stabilized zirconium dioxide powders were obtained: tetragonal ZrO2 for 2–7 % yttrium, and cubic ZrO2 for 15–30 % yttrium. Therefore, the results obtained during the study can be useful for the development of technology for the production of powdered materials for various applications.

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22

Antoniou, Giorgos, Nathan R. Halcovitch, Marta Mucientes, William I. Milne, Arokia Nathan, Judith L. MacManus-Driscoll, Oleg V. Kolosov, and George Adamopoulos. "Solution-processed thin film transistors incorporating YSZ gate dielectrics processed at 400 °C." APL Materials 10, no. 3 (March 1, 2022): 031109. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0079195.

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This work investigates a solution process for yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) thin film deposition involving the addition of yttria nanoparticles, at 400 °C, in air. Different yttrium doping levels in the YSZ were studied and a wide range of optical, structural, surface, dielectric, and electronic transport properties were also investigated. An optimum yttrium doping level of 5% mol. resulted in the smoothest films (RRMS ∼ 0.5 nm), a wide bandgap (∼5.96 eV), a dielectric constant in excess of 26, and a leakage current of ∼0.3 nA cm−2 at 2 MV/cm. The solution-processed YSZ films were incorporated as gate dielectrics in thin films transistors with solution-processed In2O3 semiconducting channels. Excellent operational characteristics, such as negligible hysteresis, low operational voltages (5 V), electron mobility in excess of 36 cm2 V−1 s−1, high on/off current modulation ratio on the order of 107, and low interfacial trap density states (<1012 cm−2), were demonstrated. In addition, excellent film homogeneity was achieved over a large area (16 × 16 cm2), with both film thickness and capacitance deviation of <1.2%.

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23

Wang, Xun Yang, and Yong Fu Lian. "The Effect of Metal Source on the Preparation of Metallofullerenes." Advanced Materials Research 1015 (August 2014): 64–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1015.64.

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Endohedral metallofullerenes were prepared by DC arc discharge method with yttrium oxide and yttrium-nickel alloy as metal source, respectively. Mass spectroscopy and high-performance liquid chromatography analyses evidence that yttrium-nickel alloy has advantages over yttrium oxide in higher yield of soot, more species and higher yield of soluble metallofullerenes.

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24

Ren, Hui Jun, Guo Qiang Tan, Li Hua Song, Wei Zhang, and Ao Xia. "Hydrothermal Synthesis of Yttrium Hydroxide Nanotubes." Key Engineering Materials 512-515 (June 2012): 95–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.512-515.95.

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Yttrium hydroxide nanotubes were synthesized by hydrothermal method using Y(NO)3•6H2O as raw materials. X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to analyze the crystal phase and morphology of the as-prepared yttrium hydroxide nanotubes. In this paper, the hydrothermal temperature and the concentration of the mineralization agent were studied to have the effects on the formation of yttrium hydroxide nanotubes and their forming mechanism. The results indicate that the yttrium hydroxide nanotubes are prepared by hydrothermal method with the following optimal conditions: water as a solvent, NaOH concentration is 0.6 mol/L, the reaction temperature is 200°C, and the reaction time is 8h. In the growth process of yttrium hydroxide nanotubes, the hexagonal crystal nucleus of yttrium hydroxide is obtained first because the hexagonal crystal nucleus has the crystallization habit of growing along c axis orientationally. The yttrium hydroxide nanorods are obtained. The surface activating energy of the nanorods is stronger than that in its center. The yttrium hydroxide nanotubes are got finally.

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25

Lee, Jong-Sook, and Doh-Yeon Kim. "Space-charge concepts on grain boundary impedance of a high-purity yttria-stabilized tetragonal zirconia polycrystal." Journal of Materials Research 16, no. 9 (September 2001): 2739–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.2001.0374.

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A detailed impedance analysis using the brick-layer model is performed on a high-purity yttria-stabilized tetragonal zirconia polycrystal (Y-TZP). Space-charge impedance is generally formulated and expressions for the respective space-charge models are therefrom derived depending on whether dopant ions are mobile or immobile. Pronounced yttrium segregation in Y-TZP is also considered in the analysis in that the dopant profile is assumed to be frozen from a high-temperature equilibrium distribution. Comparison with experimental observations shows that the electrically measured grain-boundary thickness corresponds to the Schottky-barrier width, slightly modified by the dopant segregation. The grain-boundary resistance is not consistent with any space-charge models and the strong defect interaction due to the yttrium enrichment is suggested to be mainly responsible.

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26

Habeeb, Majeed Ali, and Leal Abdullah Hamza. "Structural, Optical and D.C Electrical Properties of (PVA-PVP-Y2O3) Films and Their Application for Humidity Sensor." Journal of Advanced Physics 6, no. 1 (March 1, 2017): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jap.2017.1303.

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The films prepared by casting method with different percentages of nano yttrium oxide (0, 3, 6, 9 and 12) wt%, where optical microscope images show the yttrium nanoparticles form a continuous network inside the polymers when the proportion of (12 wt%). FTIR spectra shows shift in peak position as well as change in shape and intensity, comparing with pure (PVA-PVP) films, this indicates decoupling between the corresponding vibrations of two polymers and yttrium nanoparticles, and we noted that there is a decrease in transmittance at increasing the proportion of yttrium oxide nanoparticles. Scanning electron microscopy shows the surface morphology of the (PVA-PVP-Y2O3) films many aggregates or chunks randomly distributed on the top surface, homogeneous and coherent. The absorbance increases with increase the weight percentages of nano yttrium oxide. The absorption coefficient, extinction coefficient, refractive index, real and imaginary parts of dielectric constants and optical conductivity are increasing with increase the weight percentages of yttrium oxide. The energy band gap decreases with increasing the weight percentages of yttrium oxide. The D.C electrical conductivity increase by increasing yttrium oxide concentrations and temperature. The activation energy decreases by increasing yttrium oxide concentrations. The resistance of the sensor decreased as humidity increased.

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27

&NA;. "Yttrium-90." Reactions Weekly &NA;, no. 1394 (March 2012): 42. http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00128415-201213940-00156.

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&NA;. "Yttrium-90." Reactions Weekly &NA;, no. 1410 (July 2012): 38. http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00128415-201214100-00126.

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&NA;. "Yttrium-90." Reactions Weekly &NA;, no. 1220 (September 2008): 27. http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00128415-200812200-00079.

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&NA;. "Yttrium-90." Reactions Weekly &NA;, no. 1312 (July 2010): 46. http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00128415-201013120-00158.

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&NA;. "Yttrium-90." Reactions Weekly &NA;, no. 1312 (July 2010): 46. http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00128415-201013120-00159.

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&NA;. "Yttrium-90." Reactions Weekly &NA;, no. 1335 (January 2011): 45. http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00128415-201113350-00165.

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&NA;. "Yttrium-90." Reactions Weekly &NA;, no. 1347 (April 2011): 39. http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00128415-201113470-00130.

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34

Pikramenou, Zoe. "Yttrium 1995." Coordination Chemistry Reviews 164 (September 1997): 189–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0010-8545(97)00030-1.

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35

Housecroft, Catherine E. "Yttrium 1994." Coordination Chemistry Reviews 162 (June 1997): 241–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0010-8545(97)88343-9.

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36

PIKRAMENOU, Z. "Yttrium 1996." Coordination Chemistry Reviews 172, no. 1 (May 1998): 99–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0010-8545(98)00091-5.

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&NA;. "Yttrium-90." Reactions Weekly &NA;, no. 1418 (September 2012): 46. http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00128415-201214180-00165.

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38

Apblett, Allen W., Steven M. Cannon, Galina D. Georgieva, Jay C. Long, Isabel Raygoza-Maceda, and Larry E. Reinhardt. "Polymeric Precursors for Yttria." MRS Proceedings 346 (1994). http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/proc-346-679.

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ABSTRACTPolymers that can be easily processed into fibers, films, or bodies are excellent precursors for ceramics with useful morphologies. The ideal preceramic polymer not only has proper physical properties (e.g. solubility or fusibility) for processibility but also decomposes at low temperature with high ceramic yield. One possibility for such precursors for yttria are yttrium oxycarboxylates. The preparation of such polymers from YOC1 has been investigated and several compounds with useful physical properties have been discovered. These include a methanol-soluble yttrium oxycarboxylate, (CH3OCH2CH2OCH2CO2YO)n a liquid yttrium tricarboxylate, (CH3OCH2CH2OCH2CO2)3Y, and a method for preparing very concentrated yttrium mixed acetate and formate sols.

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39

Xiaol, T. D., X. Bokhimi, A. Garcia-Ruiz, A. Morales, D. M. Wang, H. Chen, and P. R. Struttl. "Stabilization and transformation of the phases in nanostructured irconia prepared by wet chemical synthesis route." MRS Proceedings 501 (1997). http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/proc-501-261.

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ABSTRACTNanostructured yttrium stabilized zirconia powders with yttria concentrations between 0.0 and 10.0 mol % were prepared via an aqueous chemical synthesis route. This synthesis involved the spray atomization of the aqueous solution mixture of zirconyl chloride and yttrium chloride into a reaction vessel that contained a diluted ammonium hydroxide, followed by ultrasonication, separation and heat treatment. These powders were characterized using SEM, TEM, XRD, and chemical analysis. The crystalline structure was refined using the Rietveld technique. At temperatures below 200 °C, the powders were amorphous solid solutions with an structure independent of yttria concentration, where yttrium atoms occupied the zirconium positions in the zirconyl group, e.g., (Zr4(1-x) Y4x(OH)8(OH2)16)(8-4x)+. Annealing the sample at 400 °C, the amorphous phases crystallized into monoclinic, tetragonal or cubic nanocrystalline zirconia, depending on yttria concentration, where the non-doped samples had a mixture of monoclinic and tetragonal phases.

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40

Walter, A., R. Xu, G. Jursich, and C. G. Takoudis. "Tunability of Atomic Layer Deposition of Yttria-Stabilized Zirconium Oxide for use in Solid Oxide Fuel Cells." Journal of Undergraduate Research at the University of Illinois at Chicago 6, no. 1 (January 1, 2013). http://dx.doi.org/10.5210/jur.v6i1.7519.

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Thin films of yttria-stabilized zirconium oxide (YSZ) were successfully deposited using atomic layer deposition (ALD) for use in solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs). YSZ was deposited on p-Si(100) by ALD using Tris(isopropyl-cyclopentadienyl)yttrium [(iPrCp)3Y] and tris(dimethylamino)cyclopentadienylzirconim [ZyALD] as metal precursors and ozone as oxidant. The normalized ALD cycle ratio of yttria cycles / total cycles used in making these films was varied to investigate the tunability of this process. Spectral ellipsometry was used to measure the thickness of the films. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analyses were used to evaluate the composition and binding environments of as-deposited YSZ films. The normalized cycle ratio and the yttrium atomic percentage (Y atoms / metal atoms) have a linear relationship with a strong correlation, implying excellent tunability for this process. The binding environment analyses determine the oxidation state of the metals and show that decreasing the cycle ratio decreases the extent of yttrium hydroxidation.

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Hay, R. S. "Orientation Relationships and Interfaces Between Low Symmetry Phases in The Yttria-Alumina System." MRS Proceedings 357 (1994). http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/proc-357-145.

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AbstractInterphase boundaries and orientation relationships for yttria - yttrium-aluminum monoclinic and yttrium-aluminum monoclinic - yttrium-aluminum perovskite eutectics were observed by standard and high resolution TEM techniques. Three and five orientation relationships were found for each system, respectively. These eutectics all had a monoclinic phase and therefore had little potential for high symmetry overlap. In many cases low index planes with similer spacings or spacing multiples were parallel. However, presence of a monoclinic phase made definition of a three-dimensional low index near-CSL very difficult, so a combination of planes corresponding to reciprocal-space directions and zones corresponding to real-space directions were often needed for a geometric description of the orientation relationship. In general, two planes and the real-space direction corresponding to the zone for these planes described the orientation relationships. The disregistry between reciprocal-space coincidence sites was not localized by dislocations large enough to be visible.

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42

Buchta, Michael, and Wei-Heng Shih. "Boehmite and Yttrium Oxide Coatings on Silicon Nitride From Aqueous Sols." MRS Proceedings 432 (1996). http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/proc-432-201.

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AbstractTo improve the processing of silicon nitride, boehmite and yttrium oxide were coated on silicon nitride particles by an aqueous sol-gel method. It is shown that boehmite and Y2O3 can be coated on Si3N4 particles from aqueous solutions. However, the Y2O3 coating is not as complete as boehmite coating. The coating of a yttria coating followed by a boehmite coating was attempted and the TEM showed a coating twice as thick as the Y2O3 or AlOOH coating. Hydrothermal treatment of yttrium nitrate hydrous hydroxide results in the formation and growth of Y(OH)3 fibers which can be calcined and transformed into Y2O3 fibers at 500°C.

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43

Afanasievа, I. О., V. V. Bobkov, V. V. Gritsyna, Yu I. Kovtunenko, and D. I. Shevchenko. "ON THE FORMATION OF EXCITED YTTRIUM PARTICLES UNDER ION BOMBARDMENT OF YTTRIUM AND YTTRIUM ALUMINUM GARNET." Problems of Atomic Science and Technology, December 12, 2023, 45–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.46813/2023-148-045.

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Emission spectra of excited yttrium particles ejected from the surface of the yttrium metal and yttrium aluminum garnet (YAG) at Ar+ ions are studied. The efficiency of yttrium particles excitation defined from experimental data. The assumption is made that the difference in the excitation efficiency for yttrium atoms and ions is due to the different contribution of processes of formation of the excited atoms or ions ejected from solids at the ion bombardment of garnet and metal.

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Wang, Yuchen, and Aisheng Zhang. "Effects of yttrium on microstructures and properties of Cu_45.12Zr_45.12Al_5.76Nb₄ bulk metallic glass composites." Materials Science and Technology, March 18, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/02670836241237274.

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The effects of yttrium on the microstructures and properties of Cu45.12Zr45.12Al5.76Nb4 bulk metallic glass composites were investigated. It was found that yttrium addition could effectively control the distribution and volume fraction of B2-CuZr precipitated phase in the composites by adjusting the glass-forming ability of the alloys, and suppress the eutectoid decomposition of B2-CuZr.Within 2 at.% yttrium addition, the volume fraction of B2-CuZr precipitation in the glassy matrix decreases significantly with the increase of yttrium content. For more than 2 at.% yttrium addition, the volume fraction of B2-CuZr precipitation increases as yttrium content increases. An optimal amount of yttrium (2–3 at.%) enhances glass-forming ability of the alloy, reduces B2-CuZr precipitation, and obviously improves the agglomeration and distribution uniformity of B2-CuZr in the amorphous matrix. The compressive properties of BMG composites with more than 1 at.% yttrium addition drop considerably, which should be mainly attributed to the abundant and various forms of Y2O3 brittle phase formed in the glassy matrix.

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Chaba, P. J., and P. E. Ngoepe. "Defects and Ion Transport Properties of Yttrium Doped Zirconia." MRS Proceedings 453 (1996). http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/proc-453-549.

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AbstractA comparison of calculated and experimental temperature variation of elastic constants were used to predict types of oxygen—vacancy dopant clusters in yttria stabilised cubic zirconia, which serves as an electrolyte in solid oxide fuelcells. Such clusters were incorporated in supercells set up for molecular dynamics studies, where oxygen transport properties were investigated at concentrations of 9.4 and 24 mol % of yttrium oxide and up to 1600K.

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Stopić, Srećko, Sebastian Kallabis, and Bernd Friedrich. "Recovery of Yttrium Oxide from Titanium-Aluminium based wastes." JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING & PROCESSING MANAGEMENT 10, no. 1 (August 28, 2018). http://dx.doi.org/10.7251/jepm1810009s.

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Yttrium belongs to the rare earth elements and critical metals.Yttrium oxide is mostly used in fluoroscent lamps, production ofelectrodes, in electronic filters, lasers, superconductors and asadditives in various titanium-aluminium materials to improve theirproperties. Recovery of yttrium oxide from secondary sourcessuch as red mud, coatings from ceramic industry and phosphors isextremely important. The main aim of this study is to examine theselective recovery of yttrium oxide from Al-Ti based secondarymaterials using one combined method based mostly on leachingfor selective recovery of yttrium containing: crashing and grindingof materials, sieving, leaching of chosen fine fraction withhydrochloric acid, precipitation with oxalic acid in order to producea pure yttrium oxalate, filtration and a final thermal decompositionof yttrium oxalate. The present study summarized mostly theinfluence of different reaction parameters such as leachingtemperature, time and concentration of hydrochloric acid onyttrium dissolution from Al-Ti based secondary materials. Anincrease of dissolution time and temperature increases yttriumdissolution. An increase of pressure from an atmospheric pressureto 0.5 MPa at 150°C leads to the maximum dissolution of yttrium(about 98.6 %). The final produced yttrium oxide after thermaldecomposition of yttrium oxalate was analyzed using SEM andEDS-analysis.

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Chambers, James J., and Gregory N. Parsons. "Physical and Electrical Properties of Yttrium Silicate Thin Films." MRS Proceedings 611 (2000). http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/proc-611-c1.6.1.

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ABSTRACTThis article reports on the physical and electrical properties of yttrium silicate, which is a possible high-k replacement for the SiO2 gate dielectric in CMOS devices. The yttrium silicate (Y-O-Si) films are formed by sputtering yttrium onto clean silicon, annealing in vacuum to form yttrium silicide and then oxidizing in N2O to form the silicate. Shifts in the Y 3d, Si 2p and O 1s photoelectron spectra with respect to Y2O3 and SiO2 indicate that the films are fully oxidized yttrium silicate. FTIR results that reveal a Si-O stretching mode at 950 cm−1 and Y-O stretching modes in the far-IR are consistent with XPS. XPS and FTIR results are in accordance with the donation of electron density from the yttrium to the Si-O bond in the silicate. The yttrium silicate films contain a fixed charge density of ∼9×1010 cm−2 negative charges as calculated from measured C-V behavior. The properties of ultra-thin yttrium silicate films with an equivalent silicon dioxide thickness (electrical) of ∼1.0 nm will be discussed elsewhere.

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"Yttrium-90." Reactions Weekly 1838, no. 1 (January 2021): 518. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40278-021-89835-9.

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"Yttrium-90." Reactions Weekly 1852, no. 1 (April 2021): 410. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40278-021-94863-4.

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"Yttrium-90." Reactions Weekly 1913, no. 1 (July 2022): 434. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40278-022-18584-x.

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