Academic literature on the topic 'YU 1787'

The article is devoted to the consideration of such a historical event as “maneuvers” conducted under the guidance of A. V. Suvorov in Kremenchug in 1787. The reliability of the facts related to the presentation of this event in biographical studies dedicated to the great commander is analyzed. A description of the maneuvers in Kremenchug, followed by a conversation between Suvorov and the empress, took shape in the 19th century, in the works of E. B. Fuchs, F. Smith, N. A. Polevoy, A. F. Petrushevsky. This story is present in the biographies of the commander created in the XX century. The reconstruction of this event is carried out on the basis of a historical anecdote outlined in the works of E. B. Fuchs and references to maneuvers in Kremenchug in the memoirs of the French diplomat L. Segur. However, an analysis of other sources makes it possible to question this story. No source mentions the maneuvers in Kremenchug, describing the events as a show or a parade. The troops located in Kremenchug were not subordinate to A. V. Suvorov, and Yu. V. Dolgorukova. The conversation between Suvorov and the Empress after the maneuvers, also does not find confirmation in the sources.

The article is devoted to the metacritical component in the scientific heritage of Yu. S. Stepanov (1930–2012) and its significant presence in modern scientific research. Metacriticism is understood as a method of an analytical revision of estab-lished linguistic concepts, opinions, and assessments related to iconic personalities and their views. This method is included in the tools of narrative linguistic historiography, along with the study of the full linguistic heritage corpus created by specific authors in a strictly chronological order, identifying a broad scientific context, ex-ploring the intellectual discourse of the era, a detailed acquaintance with the linguistic journals and collections of the period of interest, restoring the scientist’s library according to his / her writings, reconstructing his / her conceptual chronology, interviewing eyewitnesses of scientific events, students and opponents of key figures in the specific scientific school, etc. In this sense, metacriticism significantly expands its original boundaries as defined in the middle of the 19th century in the course of revising I. Kant’s critical ideas, and is represented in the works by Yu. S. Stepanov with his arguments about the accuracy of interpretations of classical concepts, terms and categories related to the philosophy of language in Russian and foreign scientific publications.

Conventional wisdom dictates that Chinese literati in the Qing dynasty (1644–1912), like their forerunners in previous dynasties, were politically active. Chinese Marxist historians tend to portray the Qing literati as politicians rather than scholars. Tang Zhiju, a China-based historian and the author of a book with an explicitly political title, Jindai Jingxue yu Zhengzhi (Modern Classical Learning and Politics), argues that the forefather of the Qing Evidential Research School, Gu Yanwu (1613–1682), used classical learning to maintain the Han people's national consciousness, and that the founders of the Gongyang New Text School, Zhuang Cunyu (1719–1788) and Liu Fenglu (1776–1829), applied the ‘sublime words with deep meaning’ in the Gongyang Chunqiu (Gongyang Commentary on Spring and Autumn Annals) to justify the Manchu's tianming (mandate of heaven). In late Qing, Tang contends, the New Text scholars Kang Youwei (1858–1927) and Liang Qichao (1873–1929) studied the classics with the intention of political reform, while the Old Text scholar Zhang Taiyan (1869–1936) developed the tradition in Confucianism of jingshi (managing the world) for anti-Manchu revolution.

In the study the method of ascension developed by Ju.S. Stepanov to explore the modifications in logical and philosophical dimensions of language is applied to explore cognitive-semiotic dimensions of optimal linguistic creativity. Following the system of linguistic creativity dimensions offered by O. K. Iriskhanova, which are formal, cognitive and ontologic, we study the balance of Fixed and Extending creativity (the concept introduced by T. Hoffmann) representing optimal creativity in each of them. To conduct the research, we contrast the values of linguistic creativity parameters in terms of cognitive construal mechanisms in children’s prose discourse, thus detecting the specifics in Fixed and Extending creativity in the cognitivesemiotic dimensions of linguistic creativity as well as the specifics in categorial representation of optimal linguistic creativity.

The article concentrates on the interaction between the four dimensions of language space (Yu. S. Stepanov) and four mental spaces involved in the contact of two cultures. We argue that all four dimensions of language (semantic, pragmatic, syntactic and cognitive) are activated in the interaction between cultures. The main emphasis is on the cognitive/conceptual line studied through the lens of conceptual blending. We distinguish three levels of conceptual integration. We hold that at every level the mechanism of interactive alignment is at work. It ensures that interlocutors operate on common representations underlying semantic, syntactic and pragmatic linguistic structures of the two cultures in contact.

Abstract Conchological Variability of Anadara inaequivalvis (Bivalvia, Arcidae) in the Black-Azov Sea Basin. Anistratenko, V. V., Anistratenko, O. Yu., Khaliman, I. A. - An alien species in the Black Sea and the Sea of Azov - Anadara inaequivalvis (Bruguiere, 1789) - was recently discovered to have a wide range of shell variability. From the investigated samples (over 900 valves) six basic types of the shell commissural opening were defined; they are not, however, discrete conditions. Th e presence of intermediate variants reveals a gradual (continuous) character of the shell variability and indicates that all the samples investigated belong to the same species. Th e variation of some other Anadara characteristics is also discussed, including: quantity and ornamentation of the ribs on the surface of the valves, quantity of chevrons on the ligament area, shape of the hinge plate and quantity of hinge teeth. A comparison of conchological characteristics of Anadara from the Black-Azov Sea Basin with A. inaequivalvis from southeast India shows that ranges and patterns of shell variability of Azov-Black Sea Anadara correspond to variability of A. inaequivalvis from this species type locality - Coromandel Coast of India.

Методом ионно-лучевого распыления двух мишеней (одна из сплава CoFeB, вторая из TiO2) на вращающуюся ситалловую подложку получена серия образцов с градиентом состава и толщины композита (CoFeB)x(TiO2)1–x. На дифрактограммах aморфных композитов обнаружено гало, соответствующее среднему межатомному расстоянию, близкому по величине к значениям межплоскостных расстояний самых интенсивных дифракционных линий в сплавах CoFe. Методом ИК-спектроскопии проведена идентификация мод, соответствующих межатомным связям в аморфных композитах (CoFeB)x(TiO2)1–x различного состава. Установлено наличие связей с кислородом всех элементов композита Fe–O, Co–O, Ti–O, B-O, а также образование промежуточных химических связей Ti–O–B, Ti–O–Co между атомами диэлектрической и металлической компонент композита. На основе полученных данных предложена модель аморфных композитов (Co45Fe45B10)x(TiO2)1–x, в которой металлические частицы представляются в виде ядра из металлических кластеров CoFe с оболочкой из оксидов и боридов/оксиборидов d-металлов, распределенных в диэлектрической матрице диоксида титана TiO2–х. ИСТОЧНИК ФИНАНСИРОВАНИЯРабота выполнена при поддержке Минобрнауки России в рамках государственного заданияВУЗам в сфере научной деятельности на 2017–2019 годы. Проект № 3.6263.2017/ВУ. REFERENCES Zolotukhin I. V., Kalinin Yu. E., Stognay O. V. New directions of physical materials science. Voronezh, Voronezh State University Publ., 2000, 456 p. (in Russ.) Gridnev S. A., Kalinin Yu. E., Sitnikov A. V., Stognay O.V. Nonlinear phenomena in nano- and microheterogeneous systems. Moscow, BINOM. Lab knowledge Publ., 2012, 352 p. (in Russ.) Stognay O. V. Electric transport and magnetic properties of amorphous nano-granulated metal-dielectric composites. Doc. Sci. diss, Voronezh, 2004, 280 p. Diany B., Serious V.S., Metin, Parkin S., Gurney B. A., Baumgart P., Wilhoit D. R. Magnetotransport properties of magnetically soft spin-valve structures. J. Appl. Phys., 1991, v. 69(9), pp. 4774–4779. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.348252 Kalinin Yu. E., Sitnikov A. V., Stognei O. V., Zolotukhin I.V., Neretin P.V. Electrical properties and giant vagnetoresistance of the CoFeB–SiO2 amorphous granular composites. Materials Science and Engineering: A, 2001, v. 304–306, pp. 941–945. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0921-5093(00)01606-3 Kotov L. N., Turkov V. K., Vlasov V. S., Lasek M. P., Kalinin Yu. E., Sitnikov A. V. Conductive, magnetic and structural properties of multilayer fi lms. IOP Conf. Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 2013, v. 47. 012027. https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899X/47/1/012027 Domashevskaya E. P., Storozhilov S. A., Turishchev S. Yu., Kashkarov V. M., Terekhov V. A., Stogney O. V., Kalinin Yu. E., Sitnikov A. V., Molodtsov S. L. XANES and USXES studies of interatomic interactions in (Co41Fe39B20)x(SiO2)1−x nanocomposites. Physics of the Solid State, 2008, v. 50(1), pp. 139–145. https://doi.org/10.1134/S1063783408010253 Shchekochikhin A. V., Domashevskaya E. P., Karpov S. I. Effect of elemental composition based on CoFeB-SiO2 on magnetic and magnetoresistive properties. Kondensirovannye sredy i mezhfaznye granitsy [Condensed Matter and Interphases], 2006, v. 8(1), pp. 64–66. URL: http://www.kcmf.vsu.ru/resources/t_08_1_2006_013.pdf (in Russ.) Domashevskaya E. P., Chan Van Tu, Chernyshev A. V., Lukin A. N. Investigation of the interato mic interaction in multilayer nanostructures (Co45Fe45Zr10/a-Si)40 and (Co45Fe45Zr10/SiO2) by method of IR-spectroscopy and small angle diffraction. Condensed Matter and Interphases, 2017, v. 19(2), pp. 195–204. https://doi.org/10.17308/kcmf.2017.19/192 (in Russ.) JCPDS − International Centrefor Diffraction Data. 2001, no. 51−0740. JCPDS − International Centre for Diffraction Data. 2001, no. 49−1588. JCPDS − International Centre for Diffraction Data. 2001, no. 48−1817. Kongfa Chen, Lihua Fang, Teng Zhang, San Ping Jiang. New zinc andbismuth doped glass sealants with substantially suppressed borondeposition and poisoning for solid oxide fuel cells. J. Mater. Chem. A, 2014, v. 2(43), pp. 18655–18665. https://doi.org/10.1039/c4ta02951h Wenjie Zhang, Bo Yang, Jinlei Chen. Effects of calcination temperature on preparation of borondoped TiO2 by sol-gel method. International Journal of Photoenergy, 2012, v. 2012, pp. 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1155/2012/528637 Rihcard A., Nyquistand R., Kagel O. Infrared Spectra of Inorganic Compounds. New York and London, Academic Press, 1971, 499 p. Milovanov Yu. S., Kuznetsov G. V., Skryshevsky V. A., Stupan S. M. Transport of Charge in Nanocomposite Structures of Silicon-SiO2, Silicon-TiO2. Semiconductors, 2014, v. 48(10), pp. 1335–1341. https://doi.org/10.1134/s1063782614100200 Chetverikova A. G., Maryakhina V. S. Studies of polymineral clay containing three-layer aluminosilicates by physical methods. Bulletin of the Orenburg State University, 2015, no. 1 (176), pp. 250–255. (in Russ.) Shchekochikhin A. V., Domashevskaya E. P., Karpov S. I., Stognei O. V. Interatomic interaction and modes of IR spectra in amorphous nanocomposites (Co45Fe45Zr10)x(SiO2)1–x. Proceedings of Voronezh State University. Series: Physics. Mathematics, 2008, no. 1, pp. 109–114. URL: http://www.vestnik.vsu.ru/pdf/physmath/2008/01/schekochihin.pdf (in Russ.) María E., Pérez Bernal, Ricardo J., Ruano Casero, Vicente Rives. Mixed Oxides Co-Fe Mixed Oxides & Calorie/Calcination of Layered Double. Ceramics– Silikáty, 2004, v. 48(4), pp. 145–154. URL: https://www.irsm.cas.cz/materialy/cs_content/2004/Bernal_CS_2004_0000.pdf Nicholas T. Nolan, Michael K. Seery, Suresh C. Pillai. Spectroscopic investigation of the anatase-torutile transformation of sol-gel synthesised TiO2 photocatalysts // J. of Physical Chemistry C, 2009, v. 113, pp. 16151–16157. https://doi.org/10.1021/jp904358g

Based on Yu. S. Stepanov’s conception of the three paradigms in the history of linguistics, philosophy and art (semantic, syntactic and pragmatic), this study highlights the three phases of the linguo-aesthetic turn in the theory of language and in the artistic language experiment of the 20 th century: formal-semantic, functional-syntactic and actional-pragmatic. Analyzed are the creative linguistic techniques used in experimental literary discourse throughout the 20 th century, predominantly in Russian and Anglo-American literature, and the linguistic procedures corresponding to these techniques, discovered in twentieth century linguistics as a path to new theories of language. The research material testifies to complex and productive interactions between experimental-artistic and scientific-linguistic discourses. The creative linguistic techniques of the literary experiment are consistent with the techniques of language analysis in the linguistic theories of the twentieth century.

Anti-IgA Antikörper werden häufig als Ursache nicht-hämolytischer Transfusionsreaktionen angesehen. Die Inzidenz solcher Reaktionen schwankt zwischen 1:17.000 bis 1:770.000 und beruht größtenteils auf Fallberichten. Die Bedeutung dieser Antikörper, obwohl mit einer Prävalenz von 1: 18 bis 1:1.250 relativ häufig vorkommend, konnte in den circa vierzig Jahren seit ihrer Entdeckung nicht eindeutig geklärt werden; verschiedene Spezifitäten der Antikörper mit unterschiedlichen Reaktionen erschweren die Diagnose und eine klare Schematisierung. Ein Nachteil war bisher das Fehlen einer schnellen und unkomplizierten Nachweismethode, die in vielen Laboratorien angewandt werden kann. Die Ende der sechziger Jahre entwickelte Die Ende der 1960’er Jahre entwickelte Passive Hämagglutination (PHA) ist oft ungenau und unterliegt starken Schwankungen, kann aber relativ einfach durchgeführt werden und ist deshalb die Hauptmethode in der Diagnose von anti-IgA gewesen. Neuere und genauere Methoden wie Radio Immuno Assay (RIA) und Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) sind weder schnell durchzuführen noch in vielen Laboratorien verfügbar. In dieser Arbeit wird eine neue Agglutinationsmethode, Particle Gel Immuno Assay (PaGIA) evaluiert und mit der PHA verglichen. Im ersten Teil wurden die Seren 105 gesunder Spender untersucht: 70 führten zu Reaktionen im PHA mit Titern bis 1:80 während keines im PaGIA reagierte, was die Spezifität des PaGIA unterlegt. Anschließend wurden elf Seren von Patienten mit selektivem IgA Mangel (sDIgA) und 23 Seren von Patienten mit variablem Immundefektsyndrom (CVID) auf das Vorliegen eines anti-IgA Antikörpers untersucht. Fünf Seren beider Patientengruppen führten in beiden Tests zu Agglutinationen und ein Serum (sDIgA) reagierte mit einem Titer von 1:1 in der PHA aber nicht im PaGIA. Die hier gefundenen Prävalenz (22% sDIgA, 45% CVID) und Größe der Titer (sDIgA>CVID) von anti-IgA stimmt mit den bisherigen Erkenntnissen überein. Weitere Untersuchungen konnten die Stabilität des PaGIA bzw. dessen Beads und Reproduzierbarkeit der Ergebnisse über mehrere Monate als auch die Möglichkeit subklassenspezifisches anti-IgA nachzuweisen darlegen. Der PaGIA stellt einen schnell und einfach durchzuführenden Test dar, mit dem anti-IgA Antikörper verschiedener Spezifität verläßlich bestimmt werden können, um Untersuchungen im großen Rahmen durchzuführen, die die Bedeutung der anti-IgA Antikörpern erhellen.
Anti-IgA antibodies are thought to be responsible for non-hemolytic transfusion reactions in one in 17,000 to one in 770,000 number of cases. This incidence is mainly supported by case reports. Despite their relative frequency of one in 18 to one in 1,250, since their discovery approximately forty years ago, the true significance of these antibodies has not yet been determined. Several specificities of these antibodies resulting in different reaction patterns make diagnosis and categorization difficult. Until recently, the lack of a fast and reliable laboratory test was a drawback. This test needed to be easily performed, fast, accurate, reproducible and accessible to many practitioners in many laboratories. The Passive Hemagglutination Assay (PHA), developed in the late 1960’s, is neither precise nor reliable but easy to perform and therefore has been the mainstay in diagnosis of anti-IgA. While newer methods, such as Radio Immuno Assay (RIA) and Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA), are neither fast nor easily performed but very precise. This thesis studies and evaluates a new agglutination assay, the Particle Gel Immuno Assay (PaGIA), and compares it to the PHA. In the first part of our study we established the specificity of PaGIA. Sera of 105 healthy blood donors were tested: 70 led to positive reactions with the PHA with titers up to 1:80 while none reacted with the PaGIA. Subsequently, eleven sera of patients with selective deficiency of IgA (sDIgA) and 23 sera of those with Common Variable Immunodeficiency (CVID) were tested for the presence of anti-IgA antibodies. Five sera in each group led to agglutinations in both assays and one serum reacted with a titer of 1:1 in the PHA but not in the PaGIA. The prevalence (22% sDIgA, 45% CVID) and strength of the titers (sDIgA>CVID) of anti-IgA corresponds with current knowledge. Further tests demonstrated the PaGIA’s and its beads stability and reproducibility over several months as well as the possibility for detection of subclass-specific anti-IgA. The PaGIA is a fast and easily performed assay which reliably detects anti-IgA antibodies of different specificities, thereby providing a tool for large scale studies to shed more light on the significance of anti-IgA antibodies.

The return of the “Vsevolozhsky Writing Book” from Belgrade to Moscow (1933) is of interest not only from the point of view of studying and preserving literary heritage, but also as an important episode in the history of Russian-Serbian relations. These relations are a complex phenomenon, the evolution of which, according to Miroslav Jovanović, took course at “various levels of the historical past: in the plane of politics and diplomacy; spiritual and church, social and cultural ties; relatively frequent migrations from one environment to another; fragmented economic relations; and, finally, in the plane of individual, personal contacts, connections and impressions”. It is obvious what of the above in particular came to the fore during the period of mutual non-recognition between the USSR and Yu-goslavia (1918-1940). The correspondence between the Serbian philologist and translator Jovan Maksimović and Vladimir Bonch-Bruevich that resulted in the acquisition of the Pushkin manuscript by the Literary Museum refers to the type of informal contacts that maintained relations between Russia and Serbia even when political ties were interrupted. “Over time, cultural, spiritual, and social contacts developed into what is today called traditional in Serbian-Russian relations, and what greatly influenced the formation of collective memory, mentality, and mutual perception”. As for the Serbs, one of the peculiarities of this perception was the widespread Russophilia or the idea of “real/fictional proximity” with the Russians. Without this, Pushkin's manuscript would not have returned to Russia.