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1

Gil, Salvador, Miguel A. LáAzaro, Ramóan Mestres, and Margarita Parra. "Sex Pheromone of Chilo Suppressalis: Efficient Syntheses of (Z)-11-Hexadecenal, (Z)-13-Octadecenal And (Z)-9-Hexadecenal." Synthetic Communications 26, no. 12 (1996): 2329–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00397919608004544.

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2

P., C. Sarkar, Prasad N., and Nandy Sonia. "A novel synthesis of Z-(9)-hexadecenal in improved yields, from aleuritic acid." Journal Of Indian Chemical Society Vol. 82, May 2005 (2005): 475–76. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5830397.

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LP &amp; PO Division, Indian Lac Research Institute (ICAR). Namkum. Ranchi-834 010. India <em>E-mail</em> : rch_sarkar2d@sancharnet.in Fax : 91-651-2260202 <em>Manuscript received 14 June 2004, revised 5 October 2004. accepted 30 January&nbsp;2005</em> Z-(9)-Hexadecenal, an important pheromonal component, was synthesised from aleuritic acid, using novel procedure, resulting in improved yields. Microwave-assisted technique was also applied in the esterification of aleuritic acid, leading to shorter reaction limes and 98% yield of methyl aleuritate.
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3

GIL, S., M. A. LAZARO, R. MESTRES, and M. PARRA. "ChemInform Abstract: Sex Pheromone of Chilo suppressalis: Efficient Syntheses of (Z)-11- Hexadecenal, (Z)-13-Octadecenal and (Z)-9-Hexadecenal." ChemInform 27, no. 37 (2010): no. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chin.199637320.

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4

Cork, A., K. De Souza, K. Krishnaiah, D. V. S. S. R. Kumar, A. Ashok Reddy, and E. Casagrande. "Control of yellow stem borer, Scirpophaga incertulas (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) by mating disruption on rice in India: effect of unnatural pheromone blends and application time on efficacy." Bulletin of Entomological Research 86, no. 5 (1996): 515–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007485300039304.

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AbstractSingle applications of slow-release pheromone formulations were used to control yellow stem borer, Scirpophaga incertulas Walker, by mating disruption in two trials on rice in India. The first trial compared the efficacy of two formulations containing 1:10:1 and 1:10:0 ratios of (Z)-9-hexadecenal, (Z)-ll-hexadecenal and (Z)-9-octadecenal, components of the S. incertulas pheromone, and a commercially-available formulation, Selibate CS, containing the related Chilo suppressalis Walker pheromone, a 1:10:1 blend of (Z)-9-hexadecenal, (Z)-ll-hexadecenal and (Z)-13-octadecenal, with farmers'
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5

Chen, Lian, Zhong Tian, Jin Hu, et al. "Molecular Characterization and Expression Patterns of Two Pheromone-Binding Proteins from the Diurnal Moth Phauda flammans (Walker) (Lepidoptera: Zygaenoidea: Phaudidae)." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, no. 1 (2022): 385. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms24010385.

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Sex pheromone-binding proteins (PBPs) play an important role in sex pheromone recognition in Lepidoptera. However, the mechanisms of chemical communication mediating the response to sex pheromones remain unclear in the diurnal moths of the superfamily Zygaenoidea. In this study, Phauda flammans (Walker) (Lepidoptera: Zygaenoidea: Phaudidae) was used as a model insect to explore the molecular mechanism of sex pheromone perception in the superfamily Zygaenoidea. Two novel pheromone-binding proteins (PflaPBP1 and PflaPBP2) from P. flammans were identified. The two pheromone-binding proteins were
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6

Rossi, Natacha, Muriel Pereyra, Mariel A. Moauro, Martin Giurfa, Patrizia d'Ettorre, and Roxana Josens. "Trail pheromone modulates subjective reward evaluation in Argentine ants." Journal of Experimental Biology 223, no. 17 (2020): jeb230532. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.230532.

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ABSTRACTThe Argentine ant, Linepithema humile, is native to South America but has become one of the most invasive species in the world. These ants heavily rely on trail pheromones for foraging, and previous studies have focused on such signals to develop a strategy for chemical control. Here, we studied the effects of pre-exposure to the trail pheromone on sugar acceptance and olfactory learning in Argentine ants. We used the synthetic trail pheromone component (Z)-9-hexadecenal, which triggers the same attraction and trail-following behavior as the natural trail pheromone. We found that pre-e
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7

Zheng, Jiangge, Meiting Yang, Kun Dong, et al. "Structural Insights into the Ligand-Binding and -Releasing Mechanism of Helicoverpa armigera Pheromone-Binding Protein PBP1." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 3 (2022): 1190. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms23031190.

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Cotton bollworm (Helicoverpa armigera) is a worldwide agricultural pest in which the transport of pheromones is indispensable and perceived by pheromone-binding proteins (PBPs). However, three-dimensional structure, pheromone binding, and releasing mechanisms of PBPs are not completely illustrated. Here, we solved three structures of the cotton bollworm HarmPBP1 at different pH values and its complex with ligand, Z-9-hexadecenal. Although apo-HarmPBP1 adopts a common PBP scaffold of six α-helices surrounding a predominantly hydrophobic central pocket, the conformation is greatly distinct from
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8

Raptopoulos, Dimitris, Petri-Christina Betsi, Neoklis Manikas, Irina Borodina, and Maria Konstantopoulou. "Mating Disruption of Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) Using Yeast-Derived Pheromones in Cotton Fields." Insects 16, no. 5 (2025): 523. https://doi.org/10.3390/insects16050523.

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The use of insect sex pheromones as an alternative technology for pest control in agriculture and forestry offers a promising solution. The development of a novel technology for the biological production of pheromones through yeast fermentation significantly lowers production costs, enabling the adoption of sustainable pest control practices in field crops, a strategy previously reserved for high-value crops. Over three years of monitoring and mating disruption trials in Greek cotton fields, focusing on the cotton bollworm Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), it was confirme
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9

Chen, Qing-Hua, Feng Zhu, Zhihua Tian, et al. "Minor Components Play an Important Role in Interspecific Recognition of Insects: A Basis to Pheromone Based Electronic Monitoring Tools for Rice Pests." Insects 9, no. 4 (2018): 192. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects9040192.

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Several lepidopteran species share the same pheromone blend consisting of (Z)-11-hexadecenal (Z11-16:Ald) and (Z)-9-hexadecenal (Z9-16:Ald) at different ratios and active doses. In rice pest Chilo suppressalis, (Z)-11-hexadecenol, (Z11-16:OH) and octadecanal (18:Ald) were identified as minor components in the pheromone gland of female moths, and these components were previously not considered as part of the sex pheromone of C. suppressalis. Z11-16:Ald, Z9-16:Ald and (Z)-13-octadecenal (Z13-18:Ald) frequently trapped other lepidopteran species, such as rice pests Scirpophaga incertulas and Myth
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10

Mitchell, E. R., G. Y. Hu, J. Okine, and J. R. McLaughlin. "Mating Disruption of Diamondback Moth (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae) and Cabbage Looper (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in Cabbage Using a Blend of Pheromones Emitted from the Same Dispenser1." Journal of Entomological Science 32, no. 2 (1997): 120–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.18474/0749-8004-32.2.120.

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Experiments were conducted in commercial plantings of cabbage in spring 1994 and 1995 to evaluate the efficacy of a blend of pheromones for diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (Linnaeus), and cabbage looper, Trichoplusia ni (Hübner), for disrupting mating when dispensed simultaneously from Yoto-con-S® ‘rope’ dispensers (Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan). A 12.1-ha cabbage field was treated with pheromone in 1994 using a blend of (Z)-11-hexadecenal, (Z)-11-hexadecen-l-ol acetate, and (Z)-11-hexadecanol in a 49:50:1 ratio for diamondback moth and (Z)-7-dodecen-l-ol acetate and (Z)-7-
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11

O. Ajanaku, Christiana, Johnbull O. Echeme, Raphael C. Mordi, Olayinka O. Ajani, Daniel U. Okere, and Abolanle A. Kayode. "Antimicrobial and GC-MS Analyses of Stem and Root Extracts of Bidens pilosa Linn." Oriental Journal of Chemistry 35, no. 2 (2019): 839–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.13005/ojc/350247.

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This study describes the qualitative phytochemical screening, antimicrobial and GC-MS analyses of the crude methanol extract of the stem and roots parts of Bidens pilosa partitioned between methanol, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate and hexane solvents. Phytochemical analysis indicated the presence of cardiac glycosides, terpenoids, flavonoids and alkaloids. Saponins were not found in any of the fractions of stem and root of B. pilosa. Antibacterial studies indicated that the lowest concentration (6.25 mg/mL) was achieved for Candida subtilis for the ethyl acetate fraction of the stem extract an
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12

Burger, B. V., A. E. Nell, D. Smit, and H. S. C. Spies. "Cyclic Glycerol Acetals from the Abdominal Hair Pencil Secretion of the Male African Sugarcane Borer Eldana saccharina (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C 46, no. 7-8 (1991): 678–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znc-1991-7-827.

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Four constituents of the hair pencil secretion of the male African sugarcane stalk borer, Eldana saccharina, having a molecular mass of 312 and peculiar El mass spectra with an exceptionally abundant base peak at m /z 103, were isolated preparatively from an extract of the secretion. Using 1H and 13C NMR spectral analysis, these constituents were identified as fiveand six-membered cyclic glycerol acetals of Z-9-hexadecenal, viz. cis- and trans-2-(Z- 8-pentadecenyl)-4-hydroxymethyl-1,3-dioxolane, and cis- and trans-2-(Z-8-pentadecenyl)- 5-hydroxy-1,3-dioxane. These compounds are related to the
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13

Kannan, Visali, Rubavathi Anandan, Dinesh Kumar Sudalaimani, Shantkriti Srinivasan, and Murugan Athiappan. "Anti-bacterial and anti-depressant properties of docosahexaenoic acid metabolites produced by gut bacteria." Research Journal of Biotechnology 17, no. 12 (2022): 126–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.25303/1712rjbt1260147.

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The potential of Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and its derivatives produced by the gut bacteria is not well studied. The present work focuses on the role of DHA metabolites on human physiology. Fermentation of DHA was performed on MS basal medium by bacteria such as Bacillus sp., Lactobacillus sp., Clostridium sp., Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus sp. and Enterococcus sp. The metabolites like 2-Nonadecanone, Z,Z-6,27-Hexatriactontadien-2-one, cis-9-Hexadecenal, Eicosanal, Stigmast-5-En-3-ol and Oleate were found to be predominant and showed strongest antimicrobial activity against Bacillus subtil
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14

Cruz, D., and M. Eizaguirre. "Response to conspecific and heterospecific semiochemicals by Sesamia nonagrioides (L.) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) gravid females." Bulletin of Entomological Research 105, no. 3 (2015): 347–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007485315000206.

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AbstractThe Mediterranean corn borer, Sesamia nonagrioides, occurs sympatrically in the northeast of Spain with other lepidopteran pests such as Ostrinia nubilalis and Mythimna unipuncta. In this study, we evaluated the electrophysiological and behavioural response of mated and unmated females and males of S. nonagrioides to their own complete pheromone blend, to its own four components separately, and to the pheromone components of the sympatric species O. nubilalis and M. unipuncta. Results of the electroantennogram recordings revealed that females of S. nonagrioides can detect their own phe
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15

Mandeno, J. A., W. A. Tanod, E. Cahyono, et al. "Characteristics of analog coffee from the mangrove fruit Rhizophora mucronata origin Sangihe Islands." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1260, no. 1 (2023): 012055. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1260/1/012055.

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Abstract Coffee is a popular drink today. One of the coastal resources that can be processed into coffee-like products (analog coffee) is the mangrove fruits Rhizophora mucronata. The fruits of R. mucronata were reported to contain antioxidant substances that can support human health. This study aimed to characterize analog coffee products from the fruit of R. mucronata. The fruits were collected from Miulu village, Sangihe Islands, North Sulawesi. Mangrove fruits were soaked in a 2% lime solution for 72 hours and dried at 60 °C. Then it was roasted at 116-118 °C for 40 minutes, and the sample
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16

Odiase-Omoighe, J. O., and B. O. Agoreyo. "Identification of Bioactive Compounds in Sclerotia Extracts from Pleurotus tuber-regium (Fr.) Sing. using Gas Chromatograph– Mass Spectrometer (GC-MS)." Nigerian Journal of Biotechnology 38, no. 1 (2022): 39–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/njb.v38i1.4s.

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King tuber mushroom (Pleurotus tuber-regium) is a tropical mushroom commonly seen in Australia, Africa and Asia. Trado-medical practitioners use the sclerotia for the treatment of various health disorders. This research aimed at identifying the biologically active compounds present in the sclerotia of this mushroom. In this study, the fungus was first extracted with methanol and re-extracted with ethyl acetate (EA) and dichloromethane (DCM) separately to obtain EA and DCM extracts. Gas chromatography–mass spectrometric (GC-MS) technique was used for the identification of compounds present in E
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17

Laster, Marion L., and Earl A. Stadelbacher. "Effect of Long Term Colonization on Attractancy of Females to Wild Males: Heliothis virescens and Heliothis Hybrid Backcross (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)." Journal of Entomological Science 26, no. 2 (1991): 281–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.18474/0749-8004-26.2.281.

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The sexual attractancy of female Heliothis virescens (F.) which had been cultured in the laboratory for 40 generations and of hybrid and backcross females (H. subflexa ♀ X H. virescens ♂) was determined and compared with the attractancy of wild female H. virescens. In field tests, females reared (&amp;lt; 1 generation) from field-collected larvae were significantly (P ≤ 0.05) less attractive to wild males than were females reared in the laboratory for 40 generations (HVL-40), but the attractancy of females reared in the laboratory for 1 or 41 generations did not differ significantly. The attra
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18

Cork, A., K. De Souza, K. Krishnaiah, A. Ashok Reddy, and S. Zainullabuddin. "Season-long control of yellow stem borer, Scirpophaga incertulas (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) by mating disruption with the natural ratio of pheromone components." Bulletin of Entomological Research 88, no. 2 (1998): 109–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007485300025670.

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AbstractControl of yellow stem borer, Scirpophaga incertulas (Walker), in rice was attempted by mating disruption using the natural ratio of pheromone components, a 1:3 blend of (Z)-9- and (Z)-11-hexadecenal, in replicated trials at three locations in Andhra Pradesh, India, during the 1994 and 1995 dry seasons. The pheromone was formulated in SelibateR and applied by hand at a rate of 40 g a.i./ha. In Medchal and Nellore, pheromone-mediated communication was reduced by at least 94% for the first 50 and 64 days after application respectively, as measured by pheromone trap catch suppression. Com
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19

OJOGBANE ONOJA, JOEL. "GC-MS ANALYSIS, CHOLINESTERASE INHIBITORY AND ANTIOXIDANT POTENTIALS OF ZAPOTECA PORTORICENSIS (JACQ.) H.M. HERN (FABACEAE) ROOT EXTRACTS." AFRICAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT 16, no. 1 (2024): 69–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.59493/ajopred/2024.1.8.

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The age-related neurodegenerative illness known as Alzheimer's disease (AD) is typified by the unavoidable decline in cognitive function. Existing drugs has limitations, therefore there is an urgent need for new neurotherapeutic agents. There has been a lot of excitement in recent years about finding therapeutic herbs that can restore cognitive impairment due to their lower side effects. The aim of the study is to evaluate the cholinesterase inhibitory and antioxidant potentials of Zapoteca portoricensis (Jacq.) H.M. Hern root extracts and also identify the bioactive molecules present. Ellman
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OJOGBANE ONOJA, JOEL, JULIUS IDOWU OLAWUNI, and MALACHUKWU CHIBUNDU UMEOKOLI. "GC-MS ANALYSIS, CHOLINESTERASE INHIBITORY AND ANTIOXIDANT POTENTIALS OF ZAPOTECA PORTORICENSIS (JACQ.) H.M. HERN (FABACEAE) ROOT EXTRACTS." AFRICAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT 16, no. 1 (2024): 69–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.59493/ajopred/2024.1.8.

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The age-related neurodegenerative illness known as Alzheimer's disease (AD) is typified by the unavoidable decline in cognitive function. Existing drugs has limitations, therefore there is an urgent need for new neurotherapeutic agents. There has been a lot of excitement in recent years about finding therapeutic herbs that can restore cognitive impairment due to their lower side effects. The aim of the study is to evaluate the cholinesterase inhibitory and antioxidant potentials of Zapoteca portoricensis (Jacq.) H.M. Hern root extracts and also identify the bioactive molecules present. Ellman
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21

Reshmi, Akter, Hasan Saikat Anamul, Shahed-Al-Mahmud Md., and Begum Anawara. "GC-MS analysis of methanol extract of leaves of Mallotus repandus and Helicterus isora." International Journal of Interdisciplinary Research and Innovations 12, no. 2 (2024): 45–54. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12515453.

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&nbsp; <strong>Abstract:</strong> Background: <em>Mallotus repandus</em> belonging to the euphorbiaceae family is an important medicinal plant which is widely distributed in tropical and subtropical regions of Asia. Traditionally, It has been reported to show antioxidant, antiviral, antimicrobial, cytotoxicity, anti-inflammatory, anti-ulcerogenic, hepatoprotective and hypoglycemic activities in various country of the world. <em>Helicterus isora</em> belonging to the sterculiaceae family is a small tree, found in Australia, Saudi Arabia, India, South China, and other parts of Asia. Demulcent, a
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22

Dogara, Abdulrahaman Mahmoud, Ateeq Ahmed Al-Zahrani, Sarwan W. Bradosty, Saber W. Hamad, Shorsh Hussein Bapir та Talar K. Anwar. "Antioxidant, α-glucosidase, antimicrobial activities chemical composition and <i>in silico</i> analysis of <i>eucalyptus camaldulensis</i> dehnh". AIMS Biophysics 11, № 3 (2024): 255–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.3934/biophy.2024015.

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&lt;p&gt;Throughout history, medicinal plants have been the primary source for preventing and treating infectious diseases and other health issues. The flowering plant &lt;italic&gt;Eucalyptus camaldulensis&lt;/italic&gt;, also called river red gum, is a member of the Myrtaceae family and has numerous traditional uses. The objectives of the present study were to identify the essential oil components of &lt;italic&gt;Eucalyptus camaldulensis&lt;/italic&gt; using Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (GCMS), and to determine the antioxidant, antidiabetic, and antibacterial activities of ethanol,
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23

Mahas, John W., Christophe Duplais, Kelly Hamby, et al. "Trap design and pheromone lure type influence Helicoverpa zea (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) moth capture in sweet corn." Journal of Economic Entomology, July 15, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1093/jee/toaf180.

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Abstract Corn earworm, Helicoverpa zea Boddie, is a highly destructive pest of sweet corn, Zea mays L. convar. saccharata Koern, because of larval feeding. Insecticides are used to manage this pest, and application frequency typically depends on H. zea abundance in the field. Pheromone-baited traps are used to estimate H. zea abundance, but differences in trap designs and lure types likely impact moth capture. This study comprehensively evaluated the influence of currently available traps, pheromone lures, and their combinations on H. zea moth captures across the eastern United States in 2022
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24

MITHRAN, S., and V. R. MAMDAPUR. "ChemInform Abstract: A Facile Synthesis of Cotton Bollworm (Heliothis armigera) Pheromone Components: (Z)-11-Hexadecenal and (Z)-9-Hexadecenal." ChemInform 21, no. 4 (1990). http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chin.199004306.

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25

Xu, Meng, Hao Guo, Chao Hou, Han Wu, Ling-Qiao Huang, and Chen-Zhu Wang. "Olfactory perception and behavioral effects of sex pheromone gland components in Helicoverpa armigera and Helicoverpa assulta." Scientific Reports 6, no. 1 (2016). http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/srep22998.

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Abstract Two sympatric species Helicoverpa armigera and Helicoverpa assulta use (Z)-11-hexadecenal and (Z)-9-hexadecenal as sex pheromone components in reverse ratio. They also share several other pheromone gland components (PGCs). We present a comparative study on the olfactory coding mechanism and behavioral effects of these additional PGCs in pheromone communication of the two species using single sensillum recording, in situ hybridization, calcium imaging, and wind tunnel. We classify antennal sensilla types A, B and C into A, B1, B2, C1, C2 and C3 based on the response profiles, and ident
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., Kalpna Varshney. "Comparative analysis of efficacy and longevity of different pheromone baited septa for control of Gram Pod Borer in chickpea in Uttaranchal, India." Indian Journal Of Agricultural Research, of (October 9, 2018). http://dx.doi.org/10.18805/ijare.a-4991.

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Pheromones are species specific chemicals which are biodegradable, eco-friendly, chemically safe, and required in ultra low dosages and used as efficient tool for insect pest management. Efficiency of pheromone traps used for pest control depends on air borne pheromone stimulus, in specific ratio and concentration released from septa. Field longevity of synthetic lures for Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctudae) and efficacy of different septa were evaluated by mass trapping experiments in Pantnagar, India.The longevity (shelf life) of septa impregnated with pheromone components (Hexadece
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27

Varshney, Kalpana. "Comparative analysis of efficacy and longevity of various pheromone baited Septa for the control of gram pod borer." Bhartiya Krishi Anusandhan Patrika 33, no. 00 (2018). http://dx.doi.org/10.18805/bkap113.

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Pheromones are species specific chemicals which are biodegradable, eco-friendly, chemically safe, and required in ultra low dosages and used as efficient tool for insect pest management. Efficiency of pheromone traps used for pest control depends on air borne pheromone stimulus, in specific ratio and concentration released from septa. Field longevity of synthetic lures for Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctudae) and efficacy of different septa were evaluated by mass trapping experiments in Pantnagar, India. The longevity (shelf life) of septa impregnated with pheromone components (Hexadec
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28

Wang, Chan, Bing Wang, and Guirong Wang. "Functional Characterization of Sex Pheromone Neurons and Receptors in the Armyworm, Mythimna separata (Walker)." Frontiers in Neuroanatomy 15 (April 28, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnana.2021.673420.

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Pheromone receptors (PRs) of moths are expressed on the dendritic membrane of odorant receptor neurons (ORNs) housed in the long trichoid sensilla (TS) of antennae and are essential to sex pheromone reception. The function of peripheral neurons of Mythimna separata in recognizing sex pheromones is still unclear. In this study, electroantennogram recordings were performed from male and female antennae of M. separata, and showed that the major component of sex pheromones, (Z)-11-hexadecenal (Z11–16:Ald), evoked the strongest response of male antennae with significant differences between sexes. S
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29

Zaremska, Valeriia, Manikkaraja Chidhambaram, Govindaraju Archunan, Wolfgang Knoll, and Paolo Pelosi. "Reverse chemical ecology indicates long-chain aldehydes as new potential semiochemicals for the African elephant Loxodonta africana." Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution 10 (December 20, 2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fevo.2022.1061278.

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Chemical communication between sexes in the elephants has been well studied at the chemical and behavioural levels, but little is known about the proteins mediating the exchange of chemical signals. Two sex pheromones have been identified in Asian elephants: (Z)-7-dodecenyl acetate and frontalin, and their effects on the elephants’ behaviour have been described in detail. The genomes of both the Asian (Elephas maximus) and the African elephant (Loxodonta africana) have been poorly annotated. In particular, the complete sequences of two odorant-binding proteins and a VEG protein are available f
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Yang, Ke, Ling-Qiao Huang, Chao Ning, and Chen-Zhu Wang. "Two single-point mutations shift the ligand selectivity of a pheromone receptor between two closely related moth species." eLife 6 (October 24, 2017). http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/elife.29100.

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Male moths possess highly sensitive and selective olfactory systems that detect sex pheromones produced by their females. Pheromone receptors (PRs) play a key role in this process. The PR HassOr14b is found to be tuned to (Z)−9-hexadecenal, the major sex-pheromone component, in Helicoverpa assulta. HassOr14b is co-localized with HassOr6 or HassOr16 in two olfactory sensory neurons within the same sensilla. As HarmOr14b, the ortholog of HassOr14b in the closely related species Helicoverpa armigera, is tuned to another chemical (Z)−9-tetradecenal, we study the amino acid residues that determine
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O. Ududua, Uyoyoghene, Michael O. Monanu, and Lawrence C. Chuku. "Proximate Analysis and Phytochemical Profile of Brachystegia eurycoma Leaves." Asian Journal of Research in Biochemistry, April 3, 2019, 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ajrb/2019/v4i230064.

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Aim: This study investigated the proximate and phytochemical composition of Brachystegia eurycoma leaves.&#x0D; Methods: Crude ethanol extract of B. eurycoma leaves was obtained by cold extraction method. AOAC method was used for proximate analysis. Phytochemical profiling was done with qualitative phytochemical evaluation and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS) analytical method. Matching and interpretation of the spectral was done with the National Institute standard and Technology (NIST05) library.&#x0D; Results: The proximate analysis result showed B. eurycoma leaves to be abundan
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Shoko, Tinotenda, Vimbainashe E. Manhivi, Malebo Mtlhako, and Dharini Sivakumar. "Changes in Functional Compounds, Volatiles, and Antioxidant Properties of Culinary Herb Coriander Leaves (Coriandrum sativum) Stored Under Red and Blue LED Light for Different Storage Times." Frontiers in Nutrition 9 (May 12, 2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2022.856484.

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This study evaluated the influence of red (630–640 nm) and blue (450 nm) light-emitting diodes (LED) lights on the changes in antioxidant constituents, activity, volatile compounds, and overall acceptability of Coriander leaves (Coriandrum sativum) during post-harvest storage. Coriander leaves are harvested at commercial maturity, packed in polyethylene terephthalate punnets, and exposed for 2 h to the red LED or blue LED lights separately during storage at 5°C and 85% RH up to 9 days. Coriander leaves exposed to the white light (2 h) and continuous darkness served as controls. Samples were re
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Dutta, S., A. Hossain, and N. Roy. "Bioecology and Management of Major Insect Pests of Rice in West Bengal." Indian Journal of Entomology, June 16, 2023, 01–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.55446/ije.2023.1349.

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West Bengal is considered a large producer state of rice in India with an output of nearly 55.48% of total crop production of Bengal. In West Bengal, rice has grown in three different cropping seasons such as Aus (autumn rice), Aman (winter rice) and Boro (summer rice), contributing about 20.69% to the total net State Domestic Product (SDP). Rice production in West Bengal hampered by many biotic stresses mostly by stem borers [Scirphophaga incertulas (Walker, 1863), Sesamia inference (Walker, 1856), Chilo polychrysus (Meyrick, 1932), Chilo suppressalis(Meyrick, 1863)] leaf folder [Cnaphalocroc
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Karanja, Lucy N., Isaac O. K’Owino, Phanice T. Wangila, and Rose C. Ramkat. "Phytochemical Composition and Antibacterial Activity of Fruit Extract of Solanum incanum L. against Ralstonia solanacearum." Asian Journal of Applied Chemistry Research, October 6, 2021, 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ajacr/2021/v9i430218.

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Aims: To determine the phytochemical composition and antibacterial activity of Solanum incanum fruits against Ralstonia solanacearum.&#x0D; Study Design: Experimental design involving completely randomized design&#x0D; Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted at department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, School of Sciences and Aerospace studies, Moi University, Kenya, between January and June 2021. &#x0D; Methodology: Extraction was done by maceration using ethanol as the extracting solvent. Phytochemical screening was done following standard procedures. Total Phenolic Content (TPC)
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