Academic literature on the topic 'Zamia'

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Journal articles on the topic "Zamia"

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Norswg, Knut J., Priscilla K. S. Fawcen, and Andrew P. Vovides. "Beetle pollination of two species of Zamia: evolutionary and ecological considerations." Journal of Palaeosciences 41 (December 31, 1992): 149–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.54991/jop.1992.1116.

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Two species of cycads in Florida are invariably pollinated by beetles. The native Florida Zamia pumila L. is pollinated by a snout weevil, Rhopalotria slossoni Schaeffer, and a clavicorn beetle, Pharaxonotha zamiae Blake. An introduced cycad, Z. furfuracea L. fil., is pollinated by the snout weevil, R. mollis Sharp, apparently introduced from Mexico along with its host. Observations and experiment show that zamias are dependent upon pollinating beetles for their reproduction, and, in turn, the pollinating insects are dependent upon the cycads for brood places, food and shelter. The two cycads have evolved similar “rewards” which function as pollinator attractants. The importance of these coevolutionary inter-relationship for the ecology and conservation of these cycad species is unquestionable. Neither the insects nor the cycads are separately capable of long term survival in nature, and unless both are protected and conserved, wild populations of Zamia are in jeopardy.
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LINDSTRÖM, ANDERS J., MICHAEL CALONJE, DENNIS STEVENSON, CHAD HUSBY, and ALBERTO TAYLOR. "Clarification of Zamia acuminata and a new Zamia species from Coclé Province, Panama." Phytotaxa 98, no. 2 (May 8, 2013): 27. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.98.2.1.

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Zamia acuminata has remained an obscure, poorly understood species for over a century due to possibly misinterpreted or erroneous locality data on the unicate sterile type specimen, a very brief protologue description, the misidentification of the plants from El Valle de Antón in Panama as Z. acuminata, and the erroneous determinations of plants of Z. acuminata from Costa Rica as Z. fairchildiana. Recently collected material from San José Province in Costa Rica is here determined to be identical to the single sterile leaf material of the holotype of Zamia acuminata. We consider Z. acuminata to be a Costa Rican endemic species restricted to the western Talamanca mountain range in San José Province, and that the Zamia from El Valle de Antón in Panama, which has previously been referred to as Zamia acuminata, to be a new species, here described as Zamia nana.
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SKELLEY, PAUL E., and ROSANE SEGALLA. "A new species of Pharaxonotha Reitter (Coleoptera: Erotylidae) from central South America." Zootaxa 4590, no. 1 (April 24, 2019): 184. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4590.1.9.

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Pharaxonotha cerradensis, new species (Coleoptera: Erotylidae), is described from Bolivia and Brazil. It belongs in a complex of species from Mexico and Central America that radiated on host cycads of the genus Zamia L. (Cycadales: Zamiaceae) and is associated with Zamia boliviana (Brongniart) A. DC. (Cycadales: Zamiaceae). Pharaxonotha cerradensis is compared with other species of Pharaxonotha Reitter.
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Marler, Thomas E., and Michael Calonje. "Stem Branching of Cycad Plants Informs Horticulture and Conservation Decisions." Horticulturae 6, no. 4 (October 8, 2020): 65. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae6040065.

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The number of branches in male and female plants of Cycas micronesica K.D. Hill, Cycas edentata de Laub., Cycas wadei Merr., and Zamia encephalartoides D.W. Stev. were counted in Guam, Philippines, and Colombia, to confirm earlier reports that female plants develop fewer branches than males. Cycas plants produce determinate male strobili and indeterminate female strobili, but Zamia plants produce determinate strobili for both sexes. More than 80% of the female trees for each of the Cycas species were unbranched with a single stem, but more than 80% of the male trees exhibited two or more branches. The mean number of branches on male plants was more than double that of female plants. The number of branches of the Zamia male plants was almost triple that of female plants. Moreover, the Zamia plants produced 2.8-fold greater numbers of branches than the mean of the Cycas plants. Most of Guam’s unsexed C. micronesica trees in 2004 were unbranched, but after 15 years of damage from non-native insect herbivores, most of the remaining live trees in 2020 contained three or more branches. The results confirm that male Cycas and Zamia plants produce more branches than female plants and suggest cycad species with determinate female strobili produce more branches on female plants than species with indeterminate female strobili. Our results indicate that the years of plant mortality on Guam due to non-native insect herbivores have selectively killed more female C. micronesica trees. Horticulture and conservation decisions may be improved with this sexual dimorphism knowledge.
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CALONJE, MICHAEL, CRISTINA LÓPEZ-GALLEGO, and JONATAN CASTRO. "Zamia paucifoliolata, a new species of Zamia (Zamiaceae, Cycadales) from Valle del Cauca, Colombia." Phytotaxa 385, no. 2 (December 28, 2018): 85. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.385.2.4.

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Zamia paucifoliolata, a new cycad species from the Pacific lowlands of Valle del Cauca, Colombia, is described and illustrated. It is distinguished from other species of Zamia by having an underground stem typically bearing large solitary leaves with eighteen or fewer leaflets, villous strobilar axes, microsporangia borne on both the abaxial and adaxial side of microsporophylls, and seeds that are longer than 18 mm. It is compared to Z. pyrophylla, Z. cunaria, and Z. ipetiensis, species which it most closely resembles.
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Herrera‐Blitman, Natalia, Michael Calonje, Jan Meerman, Rudy Aguilar, Alan W. Meerow, Javier Francisco‐Ortega, and M. Patrick Griffith. "1039 ZAMIA DECUMBENS: Cycadales, Zamiaceae." Curtis's Botanical Magazine 39, no. 3 (August 26, 2022): 517–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/curt.12459.

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HALL, W. T. K. "Cycad (zamia) poisoning in Australia." Australian Veterinary Journal 64, no. 5 (May 1987): 149–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-0813.1987.tb09667.x.

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Calonje, Michael, GUSTAVO MORALES, CRISTINA LÓPEZ-GALLEGO, and FRANCISCO JAVIER ROLDÁN. "A taxonomic revision of Zamia montana and Zamia oligodonta, with notes on their conservation status." Phytotaxa 192, no. 4 (January 15, 2015): 279. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.192.4.5.

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The taxonomy of Zamia montana and Z. oligodonta, two poorly understood species occurring at high elevations in the Western Cordillera of Colombia, is discussed. Zamia oligodonta was recently synonymized under Z. montana, but information derived from recent field studies is provided showing the two species are quite distinct. A treatment of both species is presented, including discussion of the major morphological differences between them and also between other South American species with prominently-veined leaflets. The conservation status of both species is evaluated.
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Deloso, Benjamin E., Anders J. Lindström, Frank A. Camacho, and Thomas E. Marler. "Highly Successful Adventitious Root Formation of Zamia L. Stem Cuttings Exhibits Minimal Response to Indole-3-Butyric Acid." HortScience 55, no. 9 (September 2020): 1463–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci15212-20.

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The influences of indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) concentrations of 0–30 mg·g−1 on the success and speed of adventitious root development of Zamia furfuracea L.f. and Zamia integrifolia L.f. stem cuttings were determined. Root formation success for both species was greater than 95%. The IBA concentrations did not influence the speed of root development for Z. furfuracea, but the Z. integrifolia cuttings that received IBA concentration of 3 mg·g−1 generated adventitious roots more slowly than the cuttings in the control group. The ending dry weights of the stems, leaves, and roots were not influenced by IBA concentration for either species. Our results indicated that adventitious root formation on stem cuttings of these two Zamia species is successful without horticultural application of IBA. Additional IBA studies are needed on the other 300+ cycad species, especially those that are in a threatened category.
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Vovides, Andrew P., Roger Guevara, Mario Coiro, Sonia Galicia, and Carlos Iglesias. "Pollen morphology of the Megamexican cycads reveals the potential of morphometrics to identify cycad genera." Botanical Sciences 99, no. 1 (November 1, 2020): 182–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.17129/botsci.2696.

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Background: Although pollen morphology has always been an important tool in plant systematics, the possibility of distinguishing between related taxa is still debated. A difficult case is the cycads, where their morphology and small size is very similar. Pollen morphology has been important in plant systematics and determination at the species level is possible depending on the group. Controversial cases are the cycads, where their small pollen and smooth sculpture when observed under light microscopy present few useful characters for separation at the species level. Question: Will cycad pollen morphometry be useful to distinguish taxa? Study species: 15 species within the genera Ceratozamia, Dioon and Zamia were investigated with five species of each genus. Methods: Pollen was obtained from both live specimens from the Clavijero Botanic Garden of the Instituto de Ecología, A.C., as well as herbarium specimens. Acetolyzed pollen was used for descriptions and morphometry, and non-acetolyzed pollen for SEM images. Results: The thickness of the exine and pollen sculpture of Dioon differed from that of Ceratozamia and Zamia thus allowing its identification. The pollen morphology of Ceratozamia and Zamia is very similar and therefore difficult to distinguish between species. Conclusions: The thicker exine of Dioon allows its pollen to be distinguished from the other two genera. Morphometric methods must be applied to distinguish pollen between species of Ceratozamia and Zamia.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Zamia"

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Lopez-Gallego, Cristina. "Effects of habitat degradation on the evolutionary dynamics of populations in a rainforest cycad (Gymnospermae)." ScholarWorks@UNO, 2007. http://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/555.

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In addition to habitat loss and fragmentation, habitat degradation can have important consequences for biodiversity and population persistence, including effects on ecological and genetic processes beyond decreased demographic viability and the loss of genetic variation. Particularly interesting is the potential for evolutionary changes and adaptation to degraded habitats, that can affect population viability even in the short-term. Here, I explore how environmental changes after habitat degradation affect the evolutionary dynamics of populations of the rainforest cycad Zamia fairchildiana, specifically how habitat degradation affects gene dispersal, inbreeding, directional selection, and genotype-by-environment interactions, and the potential for genetic differentiation between populations. Colonies of Z. fairchildiana showed little genetic differentiation in neutral molecular markers across study sites, thus can be considered as subpopulations. Subpopulations in the disturbed habitat are experiencing different environmental conditions when compared to subpopulation in their native habitat. Disturbed-habitat subpopulations showed a faster life-history. This faster life history is associated with a weaker spatial genetic structure and higher levels of inbreeding in the disturbed-habitat subpopulations. In addition, higher light availability in the disturbed habitat seems to be a major agent of selection on traits like leaf production that have the potential to respond to selection in these subpopulations. Different traits were under selection in the native-habitat subpopulations, suggesting the potential for genetic differentiation between native and disturbed-habitat subpopulations. Genotype by environment interactions in seed germination and seedling survival, in response to light and water availability, further suggested that subpopulations can adaptively diverge between habitats, but the relative role of genetic and environmental factors, particularly maternal effects, on the magnitude and rate of genetic differentiation between subpopulations remains to be evaluated. These results suggest that habitat degradation can have important consequences for the evolutionary dynamics of populations of this cycad, not necessarily typical of habitat loss and fragmentation. This study identified factors and processes important for population persistence in degraded habitats, but population responses to habitat degradation are complex. Thus further studies and long-term experiments are required for better understanding the effects of habitat degradation on population viability.
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Kabeta, Jacqueline Milambo. "An investigation of the relationship between journalists and their news sources: a case study of The Post newspaper in Zambia." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002892.

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Normative professional journalism and the need to re-evaluate the structural social context of journalism practice and its role in emerging democracies has led to the increased scrutiny of journalists and their relationship to news sources. This study conceptualises the relationship between journalists and news sources as a dual process of consensus and conflict of interests in the newsgathering practice in Zambia, an emerging democracy. The study suggests that journalists actively pursue powerful individuals in society such as those in government, pressure groups and business as news sources who have been available and suitable in the past. Journalists’ view of society as bureaucratically organised and the short turn-around time of news production are among the organisational factors attributed to this tendency. This study adopts a sociological approach to investigate the journalist-news source relationship at The Post, in Zambia, by factoring in the perspectives of social organisation of newswork and political economy. Whereas the social organisation perspective focuses on the organisational and occupational demands of journalists, political economy reinforces the larger context of journalist-news source interaction in a society. Additionally, the social constructivist theory, which is premised around the idea that the agenda and content of journalism production, is in part a product of non-journalistic social factors is useful in understanding the various influences on the relationship. The study investigates the nature of the journalist-news source relationship using two diametrically opposed views – the dominant (exchange) and competitive (adversarial) paradigms. This is aimed at establishing whether the relationship is an exchange or adversarial. While the latter relationship is common in liberal democracies where the media are seen as part of elite structures with considerable power on their own, the thinking is that inequalities in resource distribution and political power generate social tensions in developing countries that require media to be carefully managed. Using qualitative semi-structured interviews and observation methods, this study establishes that while the adversarial role has an attraction for the journalists investigated, the exchange model comes closest to describing the nature of relationship they share with their news sources.
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Mutamba, Manyewu. "Rural livelihoods, forest products and poverty alleviation: the role of markets." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1006081.

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There is growing acknowledgement that forests and forest products are central to rural livelihoods, but their role in lifting households out of poverty remains contentious. This study tested the assertion by proponents of forest based poverty alleviation that changing conditions in the use and management of forests and forest products has created opportunities for poor rural households to lift themselves out of poverty. The study used detailed annual income data from various household sectors in two contrasting sites in Zambia, namely Mufulira and Kabompo districts, analyzing the relative contribution of forest income to household livelihood, the effect of household wealth status on forest use, factors driving household participation in forest product trade, and the influence of distance to urban markets on trends in the use of forest products. The study found that forest based activities play a central role in the livelihoods of households in the two study sites, contributing close to half of total household income, and dwarfing the contribution of agricultural sectors such as cropping and livestock rearing which are generally regarded as the main income sources for rural households. Forest based sectors were also found to be particularly valuable sources of household cash, often coming at critical times to meet basic needs. The findings also revealed that without the contribution of forest income, the proportion of households that would fall below the poverty line would increase sharply in both study sites. Wealthier households earned higher magnitudes of both subsistence and cash income from forest based activities than their poorer counterparts. Even the share of total household income coming from forest based activities was also higher among these better-off households, confirming that these activities are lucrative and they are improving the wealth status of households. Household participation in forest product trade was found to be influenced by demographic factors such as number of productive household members, age and the education level of the household head. Economic factors such as the level of income from wage labour, household poverty level, and ownership of key assets such as a bicycle were found to be important. Distance of homestead from the forest was also found to be an important contextual variable. The influence of urban demand on the use of forest products by rural households was significant in the study area. Although local sales played an important part as a source of cash for households, the most preferred channels for trade were linked to urban markets, either through roadside markets, middlemen or direct sales to urban buyers. The study concluded that with improved local organization and support for product development and marketing, some forest based activities provide a viable poverty alleviation option for poor rural households who otherwise have limited economic opportunities to escape poverty.
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Munyinda, Kalaluka. "Efficiency of water and nitrogen use by wheat and legumes in Zambia." Thesis, McGill University, 1987. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=75446.

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Maximum wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) yields in Zambia were obtained with weekly irrigation at 85% of class A pan evaporation during the whole irrigation interval and split application of urea N of which the initial portion of the fertilizer was either broadcast and incorporated or broadcast after the crop had established itself. This corresponded with maximum utilization of fertilizer N. The proportion of N derived from fertilizer was independent of fertilizer placement at various water regimes and N utilization was primarily a function of water availability.
Two nonnodulating soybean (Glycine max L.) cultivars, Clark RJ1 and N77, or in their absence Pearl millet (Panicum glaucum L.) were judged to be appropriate reference crops for estimating N$ sb2$ fixation by soybeans using $ sp{15}{ rm N}$ isotope dilution techniques. A local soybean cultivar, Magoye, was rated highest among three cultivars tested for its ability to support N$ sb2$ fixation by Bradyrhizobium japonicum and contributed biologically fixed N$ sb2$ to a subsequent wheat crop.
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Syampungani, Stephen. "Vegetation change analysis and ecological recovery of the copperbelt Miombo woodland of Zambia." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/4833.

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Thesis (PhD (Forest and Wood Science))--University of Stellenbosch, 2009.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The study aimed at developing a new understanding of the Miombo woodland recovery dynamics when exposed to single tree selection, slash & burn agriculture and charcoal production. Five specific studies were conducted to examine different parts of this overall study: Miombo woodland utilization, management and conflict resolution among stakeholders; speciesstem curves as a tool in sampling the development of Miombo woodland species richness in charcoal and slash & burn regrowth stands over time; the impact of human disturbance on the floristic composition of Miombo woodland; regeneration and recruitment potentials of key Miombo woodland species after disturbance; and age and growth rate determination using selected Miombo woodland species. Different methods were developed for each specific study. The study of woodland utilization and management employed semi-structured and key informant interviews. STATISTICA statistical package version 6.0 was used for data collation and analysis. Chi-square tests were used to show levels of significance in differences that existed between different user groups. Species-stem curves were used to determine the sample size to assess Miombo woodland dynamics in regrowth stands after slash & burn and charcoal production, and a fixed-area method was used for the mature woodland stands. The study sites in each of three study areas were selected to represent ages ranging from 2 to 15+ years since each disturbance was terminated. The undisturbed woodland was chosen to act as a control. Various analyses using the STATISTICA statistical package and CANOCO version 4.0 were conducted to understand responses of Miombo woodland to these different disturbances. The research revealed that single tree selection, slash & burn agriculture and charcoal production are the main forms of Copperbelt Miombo woodland utilization which will always be there. Additionally, the the Miombo woodland stands were characterized based on the size class profile they exhibit on exposure to human disturbance factors through forest utilization. The characterization has revealed that the woodland is dominated by light demanding species. As such single tree selection harvesting does not support the regeneration and establishment of the timber species which are canopy species under shade conditions. This implies that selection harvesting of timber species, although it appears to be a non event in terms of disturbance at stand level may be a disaster at population level. The study also revealed that clearing of the woodland for either slash & burn agriculture or charcoal production results in enhanced regeneration and establishment of the dominant Miombo woodland species. The study concludes that charcoal production and slash & burn agriculture are important components to which the woodland ecosystem is adapted. As such these disturbance factors may be considered as incorporated disturbances. It is recommended from the study that woodland utilization and management should integrate charcoal production and slash & burn agriculture into forest management. Cutting cycles should be based on growth rate of the selected species. Timber species harvesting should go side by side with these disturbance factors so as to open up the canopy in order that maximum sunlight can reach the regeneration stock. The study also brings out the other management and utilization opportunities (such as managing for Uapaca kirkiana and Anisophyllea boehmii fruits) that arise from different development stages of the woodland. Lastly, it is recommended to ascertain the optimum gap sizes for both charcoal production or slash & burn agriculture which would still support the Miombo woodland recovery.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie studie is gedoen om ‘n nuwe begrip te ontwikkel vir die hersteldinamika van Miombo boomveld na onderwerping aan enkelboomseleksie, kap & brand lanbou en houtskoolproduksie. Vyf spesifieke studies is gedoen om verskillende komponente van die total studie te ondersoek: benutting, bestuur en konflikresolusie tussen gebruikers van Miombo boomveld; species-stam kurwes as ‘n instrument in die bemonstering van die ontwikkeling van Miombo boomveld species-rykdom oor tyd na afloop van houtskoolproduksie en kap & brand landbou; die impak van menslike versteuring op die floristiese samestelling van Miombo boomveld; verjongingspotensiaal van sleutelsoorte in Miombo boomveld na versteuring; en bepaling van ouderdom en groeitempo in ge-selekteerde Miombo boomveldsoorte. Verskillende metodes is ontwikkel vir elke spesifieke studie. In die studie van boomveldgebruik en –bestuur is semigestruktureerde en sleutel-informant onderhoude gebruik. Die STATISTICA statistiese packet weergawe 6.0 is gebruik vir dataverwerking en -ontleding. Chi-kwadraat toetse is gebruik om vlakke van betekenisvolheid te toon wat bestaan tussen verskillende gebruikersgroepe. Speciesstamkruwes is gebruik om monstergrootte te bepaal vir die evaluering van Miombo boomvelddinamika in hergroeiopstande na kap & brand en houtskoolproduksie, terwyl vastegrootte persele gebruik is vir volwasse boomveldopstande. Die studieplekke in elk van drie studiegebiede is geselekteer om verskillende ouderdomme tussen 2 en 15+ jaar na be-eindiging van die versteuring te verteenwoordig. Onversteurde boomveld is gebruik as kontrole. Verskeie ontledings, met die STATISTICA statistiese pakket en CANOCO weergawe 4.0 is gedoen om die reaksie van Miombo boomveld op die verskillende versteurings te verstaan. Die navorsing het getoon dat enkelboomseleksie, kap & brand landbou en houtskoolproduksie is die hoof vorme van Copperbelt Miombo boomveld benutting wat altyd daar sal wees. Verder is die Miombo boomveldopstande gekarakteriseer gebaseer op die grootteklasprofiel wat hulle vertoon na menslike versteuringsfaktore in die vorm van boomveldbenutting. Die karakterisering het getoon dat die boomveld gedomineer word deur ligeisende soorte. Daarom ondersteun enkelboomseleksie nie die verjonging en vestiging van die dominante houtsoorte wat kroonsoorte is onder skadutoestande. Dit impliseer dat selektiewe inoesting van houtsoorte, alhoewel dit voorkom as ‘n onbelangrike gebeurtenis in terme van versteuring op opstandsvlak, ‘n ramp is op populasievlak. Die studie het ook getoon dat skoonmaak van die boomveld vir of kap & brand landbou of houtskoolproduksie, lei tot verbeterde verjonging en vestiging van die dominante Miombo boomveldsoorte. Die studie lei tot die gevolgtrekking dat houtskoolproduksie en kap & brand landbou belangrike komponente is waarby die boomveldsisteem aangepas is. Daarom kan hierdie versteuringsfaktore beskou word as ingeslote versteurings. Vanuit die studie word daarom aanbeveel dat boomveldbenutting en –bestuur houtskoolproduksie en kap & brand landbou binne die bosbestuur integreerd moet word. Kapsiklusse moet gebaseer word op die groeitempos van geselekteerde soorte. Inoesting van houtsoorte moet saamloop met hierdie versteuringsfaktore sodat die kroondak oopgemaak kan word sodat maksimum sonlig die verjonging bereik. Die studie bring ook na vore die bestuur en benuttingsgeleenthede (soos bestuur vir die vrugte van Uapaca kirkiana en Anisophyllea boehmii) wat voorkom in verskillende ontwikkelingstadiums van die boomveld. Laastens word aanbeveel dat die optimum openinggroottes vir beide kap & brand en houtskoolbereiding wat herstel van Miombo boomveld ondersteun, bepaal.
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Kelly, Maurice Paul. "Cryptosporidosis in Lusaka, Zambia." Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.265046.

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Chinyuku, Donald Tichaona. "The Kansanshi Cu-Au deposit, Domes region, Zambia : geology, mineralisation and alteration characteristics in the main pit." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1011758.

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The Kansanshi Cu-Au deposit located in the Domes region of the North West province of Zambia is characterised by structurally controlled high angle veins and associated alteration halos. The northwest trending Kansanshi antiform flanks the Solwezi syncline to the north and hosts the Kansanshi deposit and consists of tillites and metasedimentary rocks. Mineralisation is associated with Neoproterozoic Pan African deformation events experienced during the formation of the Lufilian fold belt; however recent findings confirm that structures in the form of reverse and normal faults and drag folds are critical controls on mineralisation within the deposit, Main pit in particular. Low angle faults occurring below the current pit are believed to have served as major fluid pathways during mineralisation. Age dating data from the Kansanshi deposit suggest that mineralisation took place between 512 and 503 Ma indicating that the event was associated with metamorphism. Two types of alteration are dominant within the Main pit (Kansanshi deposit) with the type and intensity of alteration being largely controlled by lithological units. Albite alteration occurs dominantly in phyllites and schists whereas dolomitisation is prevalent in calcareous units. Alteration is associated with mineralisation, and therefore is used as a condition for predicting vein or disseminated mineralisation. The high Au tenor at Kansanshi can be attributed to gold grains occurring in association with melonite (NiTe₂) and microfractured pyrite intergrown with chalcopyrite in sulphide and quartz dominated veins and veinlets. Analysis of gold grade distribution within the Main pit shows a clear concentration of the element along the major north-south trending structures like the 4800 and 5400 zones, possibly through supergene enrichment in the oxide-transition-sulphide zones. It is imperative that exploration for Kansanshi-type deposits will require geochemical and geophysical studies, understanding of the geology of an area to identify the three lithostratigraphic units (red beds, evaporites and reducing strata).
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Mfune, Elizabeth. "Effects of an agribusiness collapse on contract growers and their communities : a case study of Makeni Cooperative Society, Lusaka, Zambia." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1007627.

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This study assesses the effects of an agribusiness collapse, on the contracted growers and their surrounding communities in Lusaka Province, Zambia. In 2004, Agriflora Limited, a Trans-Zambezi Industries Limited (TZI) agribusiness in Lusaka Zambia was sold off. Agriflora Limited was one ofthe largest fresh vegetable exporters in Africa. It had contracted almost 500 small-scale farmers with 1-4 hectares of land within 50 km radius of Lusaka to grow vegetables for export. Makeni Cooperative Society was one of the targeted groups of growers. It grew baby corn, mangetout peas, and sugar snap and fine beans for export. The case study relied on both primary and secondary data. I undertook two months of ethnographic fieldwork utilising observations, in-depth interviews and informal discussions with some community members in Makeni. I also reviewed the literature on contract farming schemes (documenting both the negative and positive effects for growers) in developing countries. The case study showed that the impact of the collapse of Agriflora on the growers has been severe indeed; there has been a significant reduction in production with only a few farmers producing for export. Those that are producing are limited to one crop, baby corn. The effect on the local labour market (farm workers) has been quite drastic with a drop in employment. A new agribusiness company, York Farm, was sourced by the government for the contract growers of Makeni. York Farm has signed a procurement contract under which only sale and purchase conditions are specified. This means that, services such as extension services are no longer provided. It was also found that despite the price for baby corn at York Farm being better than what Agriflora used to offer the farmers, farmers are not producing peas which have a higher turnover than baby corn because York farm does not buy peas from the farmers. However, the farmers are hopeful that they will soon start producing peas after they pass the Eurep gap requirements. Furthermore, the farmers are still interested in contract farming as they are convinced that it can lead to higher farm incomes. While the neoliberal critique of the pre- Structural Adjustment agricultural policies was based on the need to improve rural farming income and productivity, my study shows that the contract farmers are not the "traditional" peasant farmers but retired civil servants or former public sector employees who lost their jobs during the contraction of the sector. In conclusion, my field work revealed that the collapse of Agriflora has had negative effects on the growers of MCS in terms a significant decrease in crop production, decline in farmer income, lack of technical assistance such as extension services, transportation problems (to take produce to the new market-York Farm) and reduced contraction in employment opportunities for farm workers.
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Mwale, Edna. "An investigation into the impact of the gender policy on journalistic practices at the Times of Zambia newspaper." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1008303.

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This study investigates the impact of the Times of Zambia gender policy on journalistic practices. The policy was formulated to address issues of representation of women both in news coverage and at an institutional level. In spite of the implementation of the editorial gender policy, no change in gendered representation is evident. As a media practitioner and a Zambian woman concerned with social justice, I set out to investigate the impact of this policy on journalistic practices. The study is informed by a Cultural Studies approach to media studies, specifically drawing on the 'circuit of culture' (du Guy et ai, 1997) and focused on two specific 'moments', namely representation and production. Data was collected using two qualitative methods, namely document analysis and semi-structured in-depth interviews. The document analysis established that this policy is informed by a liberal feminist approach to media and identified the weaknesses in its formulation. The subsequent semi-structured in-depth interviews probed the practices and perceptions of male and female journalists and editors in relation to the degree of change in gendered representation in the news. This study finds that the editorial gender policy at the Times of Zambia has not had any significant impact on the journalistic practices and it probed the reason for this lack of effectiveness. It argues that this can be partially attributed to the orientation of the policy within a liberal feminist paradigm which neglects the internal and external factors that influence the representation of women and men in news production. Further, this position ignores the societal structures and power relations which impact, albeit unintentional, on the treatment of news. Inter-organisational factors such as profit maximisation, political interference, the use of news values and news beats are identified as leading to the exclusion of representations of women in hard news. At an intra-organisational level, lack of importance attached to the policy by senior staff and their attitudes to news production in general have meant that the policy was not enacted or ensured in any meaningful way. The study also established that the patriarchal values that characterise Zambian society influence journalists ' and editors' treatment of news, thus making the implementation of the policy ineffective.
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Mwanza, Besnat. "Retention strategies of key talent at the bank of Zambia." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/1140.

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Finding and developing key talent is one of the toughest business challenges that executives face. The main problem of this study was to identify strategies that could be implemented by the Bank of Zambia (BoZ) in order to retain key talent. To achieve this objective the following procedure was followed: - Talent management strategies that were used at that time to improve retention at the BoZ were presented and discussed. Four main strategies were identified; professional scales, promotions, cash awards and flexible working hours. - Data regarding the turnover of people with key talent at the BoZ was collected and analysed. Key talent was defined and key talent at the BoZ was identified. It emerged that a retention problem was experienced among employees with a first university degree or professional qualifications such as ACCA/CIMA. The employees were mainly employed at the middle management level. - A literature study was conducted to identify talent management strategies that organisations could use to manage key talent. The literature study focused on the talent management process as a whole. Attention was focused on who should take responsibility for talent management, the importance of talent management and talent management strategies related to motivation, leadership and human resource strategies were also highlighted. The three strategies were found to be inter-related. The theoretical study formed the basis for the development of a survey questionnaire to establish the extent to which the strategies revealed in literature were utilised at the bank. The survey was administered to a randomly selected group of middle management employees at BoZ 5 and BoZ 6 levels. iv The empirical results revealed that all the strategies identified were used but that there was room for improvement in some areas. It was evident that many respondents felt that talent management was not a business priority at the bank. Many respondents felt that human resources played an adequate role in talent management but that their direct supervisors and senior management should play a bigger role than was currently the case. It was also evident from the results that most respondents felt that the leadership style of supervisors at the BoZ was effective and supportive. The extent to which some of the human resource strategies were used could lead to low morale and dissatisfaction among people with key talent. Specifically, the results revealed that most respondents felt that performance appraisals were not fairly and consistently applied or linked to incentives. On the basis of the literature study and the results of the empirical study, a talent management model was developed for the effective implementation of retention strategies. However, the effectiveness of these strategies would depend on the support of management. Managers, supervisors and employees themselves have to be involved in talent management.
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Books on the topic "Zamia"

1

Livingston, A. D. Edible plants and animals: Unusual foods from Aardvark to Zamia. New York: Facts on File, 1994.

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Livingston, A. D. Edible plants and animals: Unusual foods from aardvark to zamia. New York, NY, USA: Facts on File, 1993.

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Mastur, Khadija. Zamin. Lahore: Sang-e-mil, 1995.

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Rogers, Barbara Radcliffe. Zambia. Milwaukee: G. Stevens Children's Books, 1991.

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O'Neill, Holly A. Zambia. Washington, DC: American Association of Collegiate Registrars and Admissions Officers, 1995.

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Murphy, Ian. Zambia. London: CorporateBrochure Company, 1990.

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Zambia. Chicago: Childrens Press, 1989.

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Donge, Jan Kees van. Zambia. Oxford, England: CLIO, 2000.

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Holmes, Timothy. Zambia. New York: Benchmark Books, 1998.

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(Firm), eBizguides. Zambia. Geneva, Switzerland: eBizguides, 2006.

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Book chapters on the topic "Zamia"

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Khare, C. P. "Zamia angustifolia Jacq." In Indian Medicinal Plants, 1. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-70638-2_1790.

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Sastry, K. Subramanya, Bikash Mandal, John Hammond, S. W. Scott, and R. W. Briddon. "Zamia furfuracea (Cardboard cycad)." In Encyclopedia of Plant Viruses and Viroids, 2817. New Delhi: Springer India, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-81-322-3912-3_1022.

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Burdette, Marcia M. "Society and Culture." In Zambia, 34–63. New York: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429267987-3.

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Burdette, Marcia M. "The Political Economy in Decline, 1973-1985." In Zambia, 95–132. New York: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429267987-5.

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Burdette, Marcia M. "Introduction." In Zambia, 1–4. New York: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429267987-1.

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Burdette, Marcia M. "Zambia's Future, Zambia's Choices." In Zambia, 160–69. New York: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429267987-7.

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Burdette, Marcia M. "The Political Economy of the First Republic, 1964-1972." In Zambia, 64–94. New York: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429267987-4.

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Burdette, Marcia M. "Zambian Foreign Policy." In Zambia, 133–59. New York: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429267987-6.

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Burdette, Marcia M. "The Historical Context." In Zambia, 5–33. New York: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429267987-2.

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van der Borg, H. H., M. Koning van der Veen, and L. M. Wallace-Vanderlugt. "Zambia." In Horticultural Research International, 871–73. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-0003-8_72.

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Conference papers on the topic "Zamia"

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Torres-Benítez, Alfredo J., María E. Aldana, and Manuel G. Forero. "Binarization method for chromosomal analysis of primitive plants: the case of Zamia tolimensis and Zamia huilensis (Cycadales, Zamiaceae)." In Applications of Digital Image Processing XLIV, edited by Andrew G. Tescher and Touradj Ebrahimi. SPIE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2594396.

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Taylor Blake, Alberto S., Jody L. Haynes, and Greg Holzman. "The Zamia skinneri (Cycadales: Zamiaceae) Complex in Panama." In CYCAD 2008. The New York Botanical Garden Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.21135/893275150.031.

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Nicolalde-Morejón, Fernando. "Taxonomía, Distribución y Estado de Conservación de Zamia en Ecuador." In CYCAD 2005. The New York Botanical Garden Press, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.21135/893274900.004.

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Calonje, Michael A., Alberto S. Taylor Blake, Dennis Wm Stevenson, Gregory Holzman, and Yan Arley Ramos. "Zamia lindleyi: A Misunderstood Species from the Highlands of Western Panama." In CYCAD 2008. The New York Botanical Garden Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.21135/893275150.026.

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Sánchez-Tinocom, María Ydelia, Andrew P. Vovides, and Mark Engleman. "Development Cycle of the Ovule and Seed of Zamia furfuracea L.f. (Cycadales)." In CYCAD 2011. The New York Botanical Garden Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.21135/893275389.004.

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Meerow, Alan W., Javier Francisco-Ortega, Tomás Ayala-Silva, Dennis Wm Stevenson, and Kyoko Nakamura. "Population Genetics of Zamia in Puerto Rico, a Study with Ten SSR Loci." In CYCAD 2008. The New York Botanical Garden Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.21135/893275150.015.

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Lopez-Gallego, Cristina. "Understanding Life History of Zamia Species Using Data from Field Studies and Botanical Collections." In CYCAD 2011. The New York Botanical Garden Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.21135/893275389.013.

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Clugston, James A. R., M. Patrick Griffith, Gregory J. Kenicer, Chad E. Husby, Michael A. Calonje, Damon P. Little, and Dennis Wm Stevenson. "Reproductive Phenology of Zamia L.: A Comparison Between Wild Cycads and Their Cultivated Counterparts." In CYCAD 2011. The New York Botanical Garden Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.21135/893275389.028.

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Sánchez-Tinoco, María Ydelia, José Rubén Ordóñez-Balderas, and E. Mark Engleman. "Starch Accumulation in the Megagametophyte of Ceratozamia mexicana Brongn. and Zamia furfuracea L.f." In CYCAD 2008. The New York Botanical Garden Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.21135/893275150.017.

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Tang, William. "Cone Size in the Florida Cycad, Zamia integrifolia: Trade-off between Seed Size and Seed Number." In CYCAD 2008. The New York Botanical Garden Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.21135/893275150.030.

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Reports on the topic "Zamia"

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CIFOR. Helping Zambia benefit from REDD+. Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR), 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.17528/cifor/004423.

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Coast, Ernestina, and Susan Murray. Pregnancy termination trajectories in Zambia. Unknown, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.35648/20.500.12413/11781/ii133.

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Helguero, Andrea Baertl, Sarah C. White, and Shreya Jha. Wellbeing Pathways Report: Zambia Round Two. Unknown, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.35648/20.500.12413/11781/ii142.

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Conzelmann, G., V. Koritarov, W. Buehring, and T. Veselka. Zambia : long-term generation expansion study - executive summary. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), February 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/924703.

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Novichkova, Tatiana. Political administrative map of The Republic of Zambia. Edited by Nikolay Komedchikov, Larisa Loginova, and Alexandr Khropov. Entsiklopediya, December 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.15356/dm2016-02-10-12.

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Duby, Zoe, Chipo Zulu, and Karen Austrian. Adolescent Girls Empowerment Programme in Zambia: Qualitative evaluation report. Population Council, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/pgy9.1004.

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Benson, Vivienne, and Ernestina Coast. Helping to Make Safe Abortion a Reality In Zambia. Institute of Development Studies and The Impact Initiative, June 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.35648/20.500.12413/11781/ii311.

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Balat, Jorge, and Guido Porto. Globalization and Complementary Policies: Poverty Impacts in Rural Zambia. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, March 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w11175.

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Darcy, Niamh, Chris Kelley, Eileen Reynolds, Gordon Cressman, and Perry Killam. An Electronic Patient Referral Application: A Case Study from Zambia. Research Triangle Park, NC: RTI Press, March 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.3768/rtipress.2010.rr.0011.1003.

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Kalibala, Sam, Waimar Tun, Chabu Kangale, Jill Keesbury, Ray Handema, and Mwaka Monze. Implementing incentive-based HIV interventions in Zambia: The COMPACT model. Population Council, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/hiv3.1001.

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