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Journal articles on the topic 'Zapotec literature'
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Pinzon-Perez, Helda, and Leoncio Vásquez Santos. "Indigenous Communities From Oaxaca, Mexico. Health Problems, Opportunities And Challenges In Public Health With Special Attention In Mental Health." Revista de la Facultad de Medicina Humana 21, no. 3 (June 18, 2021): 684–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.25176/rfmh.v21i3.3929.
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Objectives: To present an instrument in Mixtec, Zapotec, and Spanish to assess the mental health of indigenous Oaxacan communities from Mexico. To provide suggestions on how this instrument could be useful for indigenous communities in other Latin American regions. Methods: This manuscript includes a literature review of articles published in mental health among communities originating from Oaxaca, Mexico and presents the process followed in the development of a culturally appropriate mental health instrument. The instrument was created by a Spanish speaking Advanced Practice Nurse and translated by a university student public health worker and a professional nurse from Oaxaca, Mexico whose native languages are Mixtec and Zapotec. Results: A culturally appropriate instrument was developed to assess the mental health of people with Oaxacan origin. This instrument includes some questions related with Covid-19. It was translated into Spanish, Mixtec, and Zapotec. The Spanish version is available in the written form but the Mixtec and Zapotec versions are available only in the audio form since they are languages of oral tradition. Conclusions: The mental health needs of Oaxacan communities living in the United States and other parts of Latin America are pressing and even more in the domain of mental health. The mental health instrument here discussed is a contribution to the understanding and solution of the identified relevant problems.
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Sullivan, Clare. "The State of Zapotec Poetry: Can Poetry Save an Endangered Culture?" World Literature Today 86, no. 1 (2012): 42–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/wlt.2012.0247.
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MAGUIRRE, MARIO VAZQUEZ, GLORIA CAMACHO RUELAS, and CONSUELO GARCIA DE LA TORRE. "Women empowerment through social innovation in indigenous social enterprises." RAM. Revista de Administração Mackenzie 17, no. 6 (December 2016): 164–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1678-69712016/administracao.v17n6p164-190.
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ABSTRACT Purpose: To explore innovative enabler mechanisms for women's empowerment in a social enterprise and how they promote local development in a Zapotec indigenous community, the third largest ethnic group in Mexico. Originality/gap/relevance/implications: This paper contributes to the extension of social entrepreneurship literature from a gender perspective, exploring the mechanisms that allow women to succeed in highly marginalized indigenous communities. Key methodological aspects: This paper follows a case study methodology, inductive approach and qualitative methods mainly through 70 in-depth interviews. Summary of key results: Although the male-dominated culture slows down the democratic and political empowerment of women in the community, mechanisms such as job stability, low-interest microcredits and gender-equality policies in the organization have triggered economic empowerment. Key considerations/conclusions: The creation of empowering mechanisms within the social enterprise has allowed the Zapotec community to prosper and increase its general wellbeing. Women have been particularly benefited since the organization has given them the opportunity to work, empowering them to create micro-enterprises and changing the prevailing culture towards a more equalitarian society. Increasing control of their source of income has improved women's willingness to participate in political and managerial decision-making, inspiring more women in the community to work at the organization.
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Simon, Daniel. "Natalia Toledo: The Black Flower and Other Zapotec Poems: Trans. Clare Sullivan Phoneme Media, 2015." World Literature Today 90, no. 2 (2016): 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/wlt.2016.0178.
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Daniel Simon. "Natalia Toledo: The Black Flower and Other Zapotec Poems: Trans. Clare Sullivan Phoneme Media, 2015." World Literature Today 90, no. 2 (2016): 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.7588/worllitetoda.90.2.0013.
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Crowhurst, Megan J., and Amador Teodocio Olivares. "Beyond the Iambic-Trochaic Law: the joint influence of duration and intensity on the perception of rhythmic speech." Phonology 31, no. 1 (May 2014): 51–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0952675714000037.
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The Iambic-Trochaic Law (ITL) asserts that listeners associate greater acoustic intensity with group beginnings and greater duration with group endings. Some researchers have assumed a natural connection between these perceptual tendencies and universal principles underlying linguistic categories of rhythm. The experimental literature on ITL effects is limited in three ways. Few studies of listeners' perceptions of alternating sound sequences have used speech-like stimuli, cross-linguistic testing has been inadequate and existing studies have manipulated intensity and duration singly, whereas these features vary together in natural speech. This paper reports the results of three experiments conducted with native Zapotec speakers and one with native English speakers. We tested listeners' grouping biases using streams of alternating syllables in which intensity and duration were varied separately, and sequences in which they were covaried. The findings suggest that care should be taken in assuming a natural connection between the ITL and universal principles of prosodic organisation.
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Restall, Matthew. "Heirs to the Hieroglyphs: Indigenous Writing in Colonial Mesoamerica." Americas 54, no. 2 (October 1997): 239–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1007743.
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Shortly after the Spanish conquests in Mesoamerica (or, as the colonizers termed it, New Spain), friars chiefly of the Franciscan and Dominican orders taught the art of alphabetic writing to the indigenous elite. As a result the colonial period saw the production of an extensive body of documentation—overwhelmingly notarial and largely legal in nature—by Mesoamerica's indigenous peoples, written in their own languages but using the Roman alphabet. The language best represented in the surviving material (and thus in the ethnohistorical literature) is Nahuatl, often misleadingly called Aztec but in fact widely spoken throughout central Mexico. Yucatec Maya places a distant second in terms of known records, probably followed in order of magnitude by Mixtec. While this article will focus primarily upon these three tongues, it should also be noted that scholars have investigated a small but significant body of Cakchiquel and Quiché materials from highland Guatemala, and that there are also known to exist unstudied sources in Chocho, Cuicatec, Mixe, Otomí, Tarascan, Totonac, and Zapotec; other Mesoamerican languages may also have been written alphabetically in the colonial period.
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Hernández Cortez, Noé, and Azucena Margarita Joaquín Castillo. "Energía eólica, discurso y movimientos sociales indígenas: el caso de la APPJ en Oaxaca, México." Revista del Centro de Investigación de la Universidad la Salle 12, no. 48 (February 26, 2018): 31–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.26457/recein.v12i48.1250.
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El desarrollo de los proyectos eólicos en los últimos años en el Istmo de Tehuantepec, Oaxaca, han impactado en las formas socioculturales de las comunidades indígenas zapotecas de la región. Como respuesta a estos proyectos eólicos han surgido movimientos sociales indígenas zapotecas que se oponen a las empresas privadas que se han visto beneficiadas por la política energética impulsadas por el Estado mexicano. Con base en la literatura sobre la teoría crítica del discurso y los movimientos sociales, analizamos el discurso de resistencia del movimiento social indígena zapoteca de la Asamblea Popular del Pueblo Juchiteco (APPJ) del municipio de Juchitán de Zaragoza, por ser un caso paradigmático de la resistencia a la política pública eólica en el Istmo de Tehuantepec, Oaxaca.
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Gómez, Rocío, Yessica S. Tapia-Guerrero, Bulmaro Cisneros, Lorena Orozco, César Cerecedo-Zapata, Elvia Mendoza-Caamal, Gerardo Leyva-Gómez, Norberto Leyva-García, Luis Velázquez-Pérez, and Jonathan J. Magaña. "Genetic Distribution of Five Spinocerebellar Ataxia Microsatellite Loci in Mexican Native American Populations and Its Impact on Contemporary Mestizo Populations." Genes 13, no. 1 (January 16, 2022): 157. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes13010157.
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Spinocerebellar ataxias (SCAs) conform a heterogeneous group of neurodegenerative disorders with autosomal dominant inheritance. Five of the most frequent SCAs are caused by a CAG repeat expansion in the exons of specific genes. The SCAs incidence and the distribution of polymorphic CAG alleles vary among populations and ethnicities. Thus, characterization of the genetic architecture of ethnically diverse populations, which have undergone recent admixture and demographic events, could facilitate the identification of genetic risk factors. Owing to the great ethnic diversity of the Mexican population, this study aimed to analyze the allele frequencies of five SCA microsatellite loci (SCA1, SCA2, SCA3, SCA6, and SCA7) in eleven Mexican Native American (MNA) populations. Data from the literature were used to compare the allelic distribution of SCA loci with worldwide populations. The SCA loci allelic frequencies evidenced a certain genetic homogeneity in the MNA populations, except for Mayans, who exhibited distinctive genetic profiles. Neither pathological nor large normal alleles were found in MNA populations, except for the SCA2 pre-mutated allele in the Zapotec population. Collectively, our findings demonstrated the contribution of the MNA ancestry in shaping the genetic structure of contemporary Mexican Mestizo populations. Our results also suggest that Native American ancestry has no impact on the origin of SCAs in the Mexican population. Instead, the acquisition of pathological SCA alleles could be associated with European migration.
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Soleri, Daniela, David Arthur Cleveland, Flavio Aragón Cuevas, Violeta Jimenez, and May C. Wang. "Traditional Foods, Globalization, Migration, and Public and Planetary Health: The Case of Tejate, a Maize and Cacao Beverage in Oaxacalifornia." Challenges 14, no. 1 (January 29, 2023): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/challe14010009.
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We are in the midst of an unprecedented public and planetary health crisis. A major driver of this crisis is the current nutrition transition—a product of globalization and powerful multinational food corporations promoting industrial agriculture and the consumption of environmentally destructive and unhealthy ultra-processed and other foods. This has led to unhealthy food environments and a pandemic of diet-related noncommunicable diseases, as well as negative impacts on the biophysical environment, biodiversity, climate, and economic equity. Among migrants from the global south to the global north, this nutrition transition is often visible as dietary acculturation. Yet some communities are defying the transition through selective resistance to globalization by recreating their traditional foods in their new home, and seeking crop species and varieties customarily used in their preparation. These communities include Zapotec migrants from the Central Valleys of the southern Mexican state of Oaxaca living in greater Los Angeles, California. Focusing on the traditional and culturally emblematic beverage tejate, we review data from our research and the literature to outline key questions about the role of traditional foods in addressing the public and planetary health crisis. We conclude that to answer these questions, a transnational collaborative research partnership between community members and scientists is needed. This could reorient public and planetary health work to be more equitable, participatory, and effective by supporting a positive role for traditional foods and minimizing their harms.
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Strawa, Jakub W., Katarzyna Jakimiuk, and Michał Tomczyk. "Zapotin, a Polymethoxyflavone, with Potential Therapeutic Attributes." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 24 (December 8, 2021): 13227. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms222413227.
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The use of plants as traditional medicines is common and has prevailed in many different cultures over time. Polymethoxyflavones (PMFs) are natural polyphenols from the group of flavonoids. Zapotin, a member of the PMFs, is found mainly in citrus plants and is almost exclusively limited to their peels. The chemical structure of zapotin has been questioned from the very beginning, since the structure of flavonoids with a single oxygen atom in the C2′ position is extremely rare in the plant kingdom. To clarify this, the structural determination and bio-inspired synthesis of zapotin are discussed in detail in this review. Due to the broad biological potential of PMFs, the complication in the isolation process and characterization of PMFs, as well as their purification, have been estimated by adapting various chromatographic methods. According to available data from the literature, zapotin may be a promising curative agent with extensive biological activities, especially as a chemopreventive factor. Apart from that, zapotin acts as an antidepressant-like, anticancer, antifungal, and antioxidant agent. Finally, accessible studies about zapotin metabolism (absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity) underline its potential in use as a therapeutic substance.
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Tavárez, David. "Gloria Elizabeth Chacón. Indigenous Cosmolectics: Kab’awil and the Making of Maya and Zapotec Literatures." American Historical Review 125, no. 5 (December 2020): 1930–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ahr/rhz1107.
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Głos, Łukasz. "Na pograniczu literatury. Z problemów literackości w sztuce XXI wieku." Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Skłodowska, sectio FF – Philologiae 35, no. 2 (March 5, 2018): 91. http://dx.doi.org/10.17951/ff.2017.35.2.91.
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<p>Wraz z dynamicznym rozwojem technologii od pewnego czasu trwa wysyp nowatorskich zjawisk artystycznych łączących w sobie cechy literatury oraz innych sztuk. Powstają nowe gatunki, aspirujące do miana literackości, przełamujące jednak tradycyjną hegemonię języka w zakresie ewokacji sensów. Na przykład w literaturze cyfrowej słowo partycypuje w konstruowaniu wyrazu artystycznego na równych prawach z obrazem czy dźwiękiem. Coraz częściej też samo tworzywo językowe staje się przedmiotem eksperymentów formalnych, polegających na przetwarzaniu, miksowaniu, dekonstruowaniu, generowaniu czy „uruchamianiu” kodu językowego niczym programu komputerowego. Celem artykułu jest pokazanie problemu literackości nowych zjawisk, sytuujących się na peryferiach – by nie powiedzieć: poza granicami – tradycyjnie rozumianej literatury. Wychodząc od zagadnienia struktury językowej dzieła, wywód badawczy wiedzie ku kwestii kontekstów odbioru i strategii interpretacyjnych. Z racji transcendentnego charakteru literatura zawsze wchodzi w relację z otoczeniem, dlatego aspekt egzystencjalny – ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem kategorii prawdy – wydaje się w poznawaniu literackości ważny nie mniej niż jakości tekstowe. Ostatecznie zaproponowany w artykule model rozumienia literackości uwzględnia zarazem immanentne jakości konstrukcyjne utworu, kontekst publikacji i odczytania oraz wynikające z uwarunkowań kulturowych konwencje teoretycznoliterackie. Z jednej strony ma to zapobiec zbytniej arbitralności w uznawaniu literackości rozmaitych dzieł, z drugiej zaś stworzyć elastyczne i pojemne ramy pojęciowe dla badaczy najnowszych zjawisk z pogranicza literatury.</p>
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Bernat, Sebastian. "Krajobraz a ekrany akustyczne. O potrzebie studiów krajobrazowych na etapie projektowania dróg." Barometr Regionalny. Analizy i Prognozy 14, no. 2 (July 15, 2016): 53–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.56583/br.605.
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Celem artykułu jest rozpoznanie wpływu ekranów akustycznych na krajobraz. W artykule przedstawiono problematykę projektowania dróg z uwzględnieniem ochrony krajobrazu i ochrony przed hałasem. Podjęto próbę odpowiedzi na pytanie, czy można zapobiec degradacji krajobrazu przy budowie dróg a jednocześnie chronić przed hałasem. Do studiów szczegółowych wybrano przykłady inwestycji drogowych z woj. lubelskiego (m.in. obwodnicy Lublina i Nałęczowa). Artykuł oparto na analizie literatury, stron internetowych, dokumentów strategicznych, badaniach ankietowych i obserwacjach terenowych. Uwzględnianie konsekwencji krajobrazowych na etapie projektowania oraz wykonywanie szczegółowych ocen oddziaływania na krajobraz mogłoby zapobiec degradacji cennych krajobrazów. Aby uniknąć szkód krajobrazowych w pierwszej kolejności dla ochrony przed hałasem powinny być wykorzystywane instrumenty planowania przestrzennego i kształtowanie terenów zielonych.
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Call, Wendy. "IMÁGENES ECOLOGISTAS EN LA POESÍA DE IRMA PINEDA (ZAPOTECA) Y RETOS EN LA TRADUCCIÓN." Revista Iberoamericana 87, no. 276 (October 1, 2021): 913–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.5195/reviberoamer.2021.8099.
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Silva, Thiago, and Austria Rodrigues Brito. "O LETRAMENTO LITERÁRIO E A ESTÉTICA DA RECEPÇÃO: CONTRIBUIÇÕES PARA O ENSINO DE LITERATURA." Revista de Estudos Acadêmicos de Letras 13, no. 1 (December 10, 2020): 109–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.30681/real.v13i1.3153.
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Objetivando relacionar os fundamentos teóricos da Teoria da Estética da Recepção (Jauss) com a do Letramento Literário - na concepção de Zapone (2008) –, e ainda, verificar as contribuições dessas teorias para o ensino de Literatura, efetuamos um estudo bibliográfico, a partir da leitura e análise do artigo “Letramento dominante x vernacular e suas implicações para o ensino da literatura” dos autores Mirian HisaeYaegashi Zapone e Ibrahim Alisson Yamakawa. Após as análises e discussões, concluímos que a educação formal (a escola) tem servido para massificar a ideia de que o letramento dominante (letramento autônomo), aquele institucionalizado por ela mesma, é o único, legítimo e correto letramento. Com tal postura, cria-se um ambiente de desprezo às práticas de leitura, em especial a literária, que os alunos já praticam antes mesmo de chegarem à escola. O resultado da supervalorização do letramento escolar em detrimento dos letramentos inatos à vida dos discentes é refletido nos insucessos do ensino de literatura nas nossas escolas. Diante dessa nefasta conclusão, percebemos que o letramento autônomo traz também ao ensino da literatura efeitos desastrosos; por outro lado, acreditamos que os fundamentos teóricos aqui apresentados, teoria da recepção e letramento literário, tornam-se um caminho viável para que de fato nossos alunos sejam envolvidos e atraídos pelo “manto mágico” da leitura literária, e, a partir, desse envolvimento eles possam se desprender das amarras que lhes são colocadas, e aí possam dar vida ao texto.
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Kuczyński, Marcin. "Fluktuacje cenowe surowców pochodzenia rolniczego na przykładzie ziemniaków i ich wpływ na przemysł przetwórczy." Ekonomia Międzynarodowa, no. 19 (September 30, 2017): 134–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.18778/2082-4440.19.02.
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Artykuł traktuje o wpływie surowców pochodzenia rolniczego, w szczególności ziemniaków, na przemysł przetwórczy oraz o fluktuacjach cenowych i dostępności ziemniaków przemysłowych do produkcji w szczególności frytek i chipsów oraz wpływie tych wahań na przemysł przetwórczy. Celem artykułu jest przeanalizowanie literatury i określenie możliwych przyczyn fluktuacji oraz opisanie dotychczasowych metod zapobiegania im. Autor opisuje możliwe do wprowadzenia rozwiązania budujące wieloletnie relacje producentów z dostawcami surowca, które mogą pomóc zapobiec części największych fluktuacji cen i dostępności ziemniaków lub co najmniej je zniwelować.
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Cortés-Pérez, Alonso, César Kevin Pérez-Pacheco, Elvia Yescas-Arreola, and Virginia Ramírez-Cruz. "Primer registro de Scleroderma texense (Boletales, Sclerodermatinae) como una especie comestible en la Sierra Sur de Oaxaca, México." Scientia Fungorum 52 (July 16, 2021): e1386. http://dx.doi.org/10.33885/sf.2021.52.1386.
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Antecedentes: Los hongos ectomicorrizógenos del género Scleroderma tienen distribución mundial, en la literatura se registran mayormente como tóxicos; aunque también se les atribuyen propiedades antiinflamatorias y hemostáticas. En México se conocen 14 especies, una de ellas, Scleroderma laeve está registrada como comestible de Hueyapan en el estado de Morelos.
Objetivo: Documentar el uso comestible de Scleroderma texense, así como algunos aspectos sobre la manera de cocinar el hongo por los zapotecos de Santiago Xochiltepec, Santiago Textitlán, Oaxaca.
Métodos: Se documentó la información mediante entrevistas informales y semiestructuradas aplicadas por estudiantes del Bachillerato Integral Comunitario N° 9 de Santiago Xochiltepec como parte de un trabajo de investigación sobre hongos silvestres. Los especímenes se estudiaron con las técnicas empleadas en Micología.
Resultados y conclusiones: Se registra por primera vez Scleroderma texense como una especie comestible, este hongo es consumido por los zapotecos de Santiago Xochiltepec en la Sierra Sur del estado de Oaxaca. En esta localidad recibe el nombre de “huevo de pato”, “huevo de guajolota” o “guitarra”. Este registro contribuye al conocimiento sobre los usos de los hongos por los grupos étnicos de Oaxaca.
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Nava L., E. Fernando. "Puntos de partida, metas y rutas de prospección en investigaciones etnomusicológicas y etnolingüísticas." Diálogos de Campo 2, no. 3 (September 1, 2016): 35. http://dx.doi.org/10.22201/enesmorelia.26832763e.2016.3.26.
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Son mencionados aquí algunos de los temas de interés, estudios, publicaciones y motivos de investigación del autor de este texto, correspondientes a los ámbitos de la Etnomusicología y la Etnolingüística. Los tópicos principalmente referidos son: la música y la literatura tradicionales de México, considerando tanto formas arraigadas entre la población hispanohablante, como otras que respectivamente se encuentran presentes entre algunos pueblos indígenas; ciertas expresiones musicales de los pueblos purépecha, seri y zapoteco, principalmente; algunas expresiones verbales estetizadas, en determinadas lenguas indígenas; así como aspectos de la relación lengua-cultura. Se hace referencia a los factores que estimularon los estudios, a algunas de las decisiones que median entre los resultados de la investigación y la selección-preparación de los datos preparados para las publicaciones, así como a varias preguntas abiertas o sin resolver. Algunos de los casos se presentan con reflexiones teórico-metodológicas que pretenden ser de utilidad en el estudio de los temas aquí mencionados.
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Piskorz, Zbigniew, Damian Badzmirowski, and Łukasz Mytnik. "Identyfikacja zachowań sygnalizujących zamiar odejścia z pracy – propozycja pomiaru." Zarządzanie Zasobami Ludzkimi 145, no. 2 (April 15, 2022): 11–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0015.8334.
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Dobrowolne odejścia pracowników przeważnie stanowią istotny koszt dla podmiotu gospodarczego, zwłaszcza gdy pracodawca nie spodziewa się takiej sytuacji. Literatura naukowa dostarcza dowody na to, że zachowanie osoby, która rozważa odejście, może mieć charakterystyczny wzorzec. Znając go, można określić poziom ryzyka odejścia pracownika, przy założeniu że posiada on intencję rezygnacji z pracy. Po trafnym zidentyfikowaniu takiego zamiaru pracownika, można podjąć starania o zmianę jego nastawienia, zapobiec jego odejściu lub przygotować zastępstwo albo reorganizację. W ramach przeprowadzonych badań wyodrębniono skrypt zachowań sygnalizujących intencję odejścia z pracy. Skala Zachowań Przedrezygnacyjnych (SZPr) jest prostym i użytecznym narzędziem do zarządzania ryzykiem dobrowolnych odejść pracowników z pracy dla przełożonych i zespołu HR.
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Brígido-Corachán, Anna M. "Una aproximación a la obra de Javier Castellanos Martínez en el marco de la literatura zapoteca contemporánea: Reflexiones, inquietudes y pláticas." Diálogo 19, no. 1 (2016): 175–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/dlg.2016.0040.
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Chunhakant and Chaicharoenpong. "Antityrosinase, Antioxidant, and Cytotoxic Activities of Phytochemical Constituents from Manilkara zapota L. Bark." Molecules 24, no. 15 (July 31, 2019): 2798. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules24152798.
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Hyperpigmentation is considered by many to be a beauty problem and is responsible for photoaging. To treat this skin condition, medicinal cosmetics containing tyrosinase inhibitors are used, resulting in skin whitening. In this study, taraxerol methyl ether (1), spinasterol (2), 6-hydroxyflavanone (3), (+)-dihydrokaempferol (4), 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid (5), taraxerol (6), taraxerone (7), and lupeol acetate (8) were isolated from Manilkara zapota bark. Their chemical structures were elucidated by analysis of their nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and mass spectrometry (MS) data, and by comparing them with data found in the literature. The in vitro antityrosinase, antioxidant, and cytotoxic activities of the isolated compounds (1–8) were evaluated. (+)-Dihydrokaempferol (4) exhibited higher monophenolase inhibitory activity than both kojic acid and α-arbutin. However, it showed diphenolase inhibitory activity similar to kojic acid. (+)-Dihydrokaempferol (4) was a competitive inhibitor of both monophenolase and diphenolase activities. It exhibited the strongest 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS), and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) activities of the isolated compounds. Furthermore, (+)-dihydrokaempferol (4) also demonstrated potent cytotoxicity in breast carcinoma cell line (BT474), lung bronchus carcinoma cell line (Chago-K1), liver carcinoma cell line (HepG2), gastric carcinoma cell line (KATO-III), and colon carcinoma cell line (SW620). These results suggest that M. zapota bark might be a good potential source of antioxidants and tyrosinase inhibitors for applications in cosmeceutical products.
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Guzmán, Tracy Devine. "Chacón, Gloria E. (2004) Indigenous Cosmolectics: Kab'awil and the Making of Maya and Zapotec Literatures, University of North Carolina Press (Chapel Hill, NC), xiii + 243 pp. $32.95 pbk." Bulletin of Latin American Research 39, no. 4 (September 2020): 531–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/blar.13152.
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Salopek Bogavčić, Iva. "O pitanjima alkoholizma i protualkoholnoga djelovanja početkom 20. stoljeća u Trojednoj Kraljevini." Povijesni prilozi 39, no. 58 (2020): 111–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.22586/pp.v39i58.9210.
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Članak na temelju arhivskih fondova čuvanih u državnim arhivima, statističkih pokazatelja, relevantne literature, novina te članaka iz časopisa “Novi naraštajˮ i “Novi životˮ sagledava problematiku alkoholizma i početke borbe protiv alkoholizma do 1914. godine na prostoru Kraljevine Hrvatske i Slavonije te Kraljevine Dalmacije. Pitanje ozbiljnosti alkoholizma na našim prostorima aktualizirali su Fran Gudrum Oriovčanin, Nikola Đurić i Andrija Štampar kritički sagledavši problem u svojim pisanim osvrtima te pokretanjem edicija i dvaju časopisa na tu temu. U članku se propituju uzroci pojave takvih društava, društveni stereotipi o alkoholu kao i prva statistička vrednovanja utjecaja alkoholizma na društvo. Formiranjem Društva apstinenata u Kraljevini Hrvatskoj i Slavoniji godine 1912. započeo je sustavniji formalni oblik borbe protiv alkoholizma, koji je s vremenom zaživio osnivanjem podružnica po manjim mjestima diljem Kraljevina. Vrhunac djelovanja protualkoholnoga pokreta uviđa se u organizaciji izložbe godine 1914. u Umjetničkome paviljonu kao i u sudjelovanju hrvatskoga predstavnika na IV. austrijskome antialkoholnom kongresu u Brnu
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Melon, Patrycja. "Predykcja upadłości przedsiębiorstw – przykład Monnari Trade S.A." Ekonomia Międzynarodowa, no. 33 (January 14, 2022): 45–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.18778/2082-4440.33.02.
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W artykule przedstawiono zjawisko upadłości oraz bankructwa przedsiębiorstw. Za bankruta jest uznawane przedsiębiorstwo, które nie posiada wystarczającej wartości środków finansowych umożliwiających spłatę powstałych zobowiązań. W literaturze przedmiotu upatruje się wielu przyczyn tego zjawiska. Jedną z nich jest pogorszenie sytuacji finansowej podmiotu gospodarczego, co skutkuje brakiem wypłacalności. Pojawiające się symptomy świadczące o pogarszającej się sytuacji przedsiębiorstwa należy analizować. Wczesne dostrzeżenie niepokojących sygnałów oraz wprowadzenie działań naprawczych może zapobiec upadłości przedsiębiorstwa. W oparciu o wieloletnie badania stworzono specjalne narzędzia określające upadłość danego podmiotu – modele predykcji upadłości. Celem artykułu jest weryfikacja skuteczności wybranych polskich modeli predykcji upadłości przedsiębiorstwa w procesie prognozowania upadłości spółki Monnari Trade S.A. Analizy tej dokonano na podstawie danych pozyskanych z bazy danych EMIS – Standard MSSF dla przedsiębiorstw niefinansowych. Wartości funkcji zostały obliczone za pomocą programu MS Excel. Hipoteza badawcza brzmi: modele prognozowania upadłości przedsiębiorstwa Hadasik, Hołdy, Prusaka, Hamrola, Czajki i Piechockiego służą odpowiednio wczesnemu zaalarmowaniu o zagrożeniu upadłością badanego podmiotu gospodarczego. Na podstawie uzyskanych wartości modeli wskazano, czy (i na ile) są one skuteczne.
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Schrader-Kniffki, Martina. "Cortesía en transición: la dinámica de la imagen social de los zapotecas bilingües en Oaxaca/ México." Oralia: análisis del discurso oral 4 (December 1, 2001): 213–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.25115/oralia.v4i1.8477.
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Ibarra Quimi, Tatiana. "Procedimientos metodológicos a partir de la interpretación de textos narrativos: el análisis crítico de obras literarias." ReHuSo: Revista de Ciencias Humanísticas y Sociales. e-ISSN 2550-6587. URL: www.revistas.utm.edu.ec/index.php/Rehuso 4, no. 3 (February 8, 2020): 74. http://dx.doi.org/10.33936/rehuso.v4i3.2270.
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La interpretación de textos narrativos es uno de los fundamentos principales para la comprensión de la realidad. Desde la edad temprana la enseñanza de cuentos, leyendas, poesías o novelas marcan buena parte del proceso de aprendizaje. Diversas obras literarias despiertan en el ser humano la curiosidad por el conocimiento de mundos distintos y generan la capacidad creativa. La lectura de obras literarias de ficción motiva un proceso didáctico nuevo y, en muchas ocasiones, constituyen la razón de ser para que los estudiantes no pierdan el interés por asistir al aula de clases. Si bien las nuevas tecnologías propician nuevos entornos de aprendizaje, el maestro no debe dejar de ejercer los procedimientos tradicionales como talleres de lectura grupal, solo por poner un ejemplo. Basado en el análisis crítico de obras literarias y la lectura comprensiva, este artículo hurga en los modos innovadores con los que los profesores de la Unidad Educativa Génesis Anchundia Andrade del sitio El Zapote del cantón Portoviejo (Ecuador) construyen el conocimiento y desarrollan su capacidad reflexiva. Las directrices que los docentes señalan también constituyen uno de los componentes a estudiar en este trabajo. En ese sentido, el presente documento tiene como propósito establecer y analizar procedimientos metodológicos que pueden surgir a partir de la interpretación de textos narrativos. De acuerdo con lo anterior es evidente que la literatura fomenta el aprendizaje y de igual manera prepara a los estudiantes para ser más competentes en la sociedad actual.
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Kevo, Mario. "Uspostava veza Međunarodnoga odbora Crvenoga križa i Narodnooslobodilačke vojske i partizanskih odreda Jugoslavije za vrijeme Drugoga svjetskog rata." Journal of contemporary history 53, no. 2 (July 15, 2021): 571–609. http://dx.doi.org/10.22586/csp.v53i2.16832.
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Djelatna uloga Međunarodnoga odbora Crvenoga križa (MOCK) do izražaja dolazi u ratnim okolnostima u provođenju aktivnosti utemeljenih na međunarodnom ratnom pravu da bi se osigurala pomoć za sve ratne stradalnike. U osiguravanju uvjeta rada tijekom Drugoga svjetskog rata MOCK je pokušao uspostaviti službene odnose sa svim zaraćenim državama, odnosno svim vojnim snagama bez obzira na to je li im bio priznat status zaraćene strane. Stoga su u radu prikazani i napori koje je MOCK uložio u pokušaje da pripadnici Narodnooslobodilačke vojske i partizanskih odreda Jugoslavije steknu službeni položaj zaraćene strane, odnosno službeni status ratnih zarobljenika, te da se na njih dosljedno primijene odredbe međunarodnoga ratnog prava. Usprkos prethodnim kontaktima MOCK je tek nakon imenovanja stalnoga predstavnika u Nezavisnoj Državi Hrvatskoj (1943.) započeo opsežne aktivnosti u korist pripadnika partizanskoga pokreta Jugoslavije, od kojih su najvažnije bile praktična primjena odredaba međunarodnoga ratnog prava na zarobljene pripadnike partizanskih jedinica te osiguravanje raznih oblika pomoći. S istom je nakanom predstavnik MOCK-a uspostavio kontakt i s Vrhovnim štabom Narodnooslobodilačke vojske i partizanskih odreda Jugoslavije, a suradnja je olakšana tek nakon potpisivanja sporazuma Tito-Šubašić, što je rezultiralo uspostavom službenih odnosa krajem 1944. godine. Na temelju izvornoga arhivskoga gradiva, objavljenih izvora i literature autor pokazuje i neke aspekte suradnje do završetka rata te u neposrednom poraću.
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Tiesler, Vera, Arturo Romano-Pacheco, Jorge Gómez-Valdés, and Annick Daneels. "Posthumous Body Manipulation in the Classic Period Mixtequilla: Reevaluating the Human Remains of Ossuary I from El Zapotal, Veracruz." Latin American Antiquity 24, no. 1 (March 2013): 47–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.7183/1045-6635.24.1.47.
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Our interdisciplinary study provides new information and interpretations of Ossuary I, a large assemblage of human bones associated with the ceremonial center dedicated to a life-size clay figure of a splendidly attired human skeleton (often identified as Mictlantecuhtli in the archaeological literature) at the site of El Zapotal in south-central Veracruz-Recovered in 1971, this assemblage has been interpreted as a ritual deposit of women who died during childbirth, whose bodies were dedicated in later Aztec lore to the Tlazolteotl goddess. The present paper provides new insights into the depositional sequence, the type and number of individuals within the assemblage, the sex and age profile of the mostly female cohort, the distribution of artificial head shapes as an ethnic marker, and evidence of perimortem violence and postmortem processing in the form of flaying. Our evidence indicates that Ossuary I represents the slow accumulation of loose bones and limb segments of partially skinned individuals in a circular shaft. Postdating the functioning of the Death God adoratorio and showing fluctuations in the patterns of pre-depositional body treatment, the assemblage expresses the Late Classic period ritual practice of flaying both males and females in Veracruz. In later stages, the ossuary was used again for a female cult, consistent with the original interpretation of women who died during childbirth.
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Midiansyah, Firda Juita, Aditya Rachman Yusuf, Midiansyah, and Firda Juita. "ANALISIS PENDAPATAN USAHATANI SAWO (Manilkara zapota L.) DI DESA API-API KECAMATAN WARU KABUPATEN PENAJAM PASER UTARA." Research Journal of Accounting and Business Management 6, no. 1 (June 30, 2022): 63. http://dx.doi.org/10.31293/rjabm.v6i1.6040.
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Sapodilla is a long-lived fruit tree, sapodilla is very beneficial for health, people really like sapodilla because the fruit is sweet and soft. Sapodilla farming activities carried out are activities to produce agricultural commodities as agribusiness. This study aims was to determine the income from sapodilla farming in Api-Api Village, Waru District, North Penajam Paser Regency. This research has been carried out for 3 months from December 2020 to February 2021 in Api-Api Village, Waru District, Pejanam Paser Utara Regency. Sampling using the census method or saturated sample with a total of 29 respondents. The data collection method used primary data with interviews and secondary data with relevant literature after which income was analyzed. The results showed that the average total revenue obtained by the respondents was IDR 4.840.127.000 ha-1 year-1 with an average revenue of IDR 166.900.931,03 ha-1 year-1 while the production cost was IDR 673.376.000 ha-1 year-1 with an average production cost of IDR 23.219.862,07 ha-1 year-1 The results of the analysis show that the total income obtained from 29 respondents is IDR 4.166.751.000 ha-1 year-1 with an average income IDR 143.681.068,97 ha-1 year-1 . The role of the government is very important to encourage sapodilla farming to increase maximum yields.
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Żbikowska, Anna, Milena Kupiec, Katarzyna Marciniak-Łukasiak, and Małgorzata Kowalska. "Oleożele – perspektywy ich wykorzystania w żywności." Zywnosc Nauka Technologia Jakosc/Food Science Technology Quality 112, no. 3 (2017): 5–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.15193/zntj/2017/112/193.
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Celem pracy był przegląd danych literaturowych dotyczących tłuszczów strukturyzowanych różnymi żelifikatorami oraz przedstawienie możliwości wykorzystania oleożeli w produktach spożywczych. Technologia otrzymywania żeli lipidowych określana jest mianem oleożelacji. Jest to technika fizyczna niepozostawiającą odpadów. Organożele powstają w wyniku przemian zachodzących pod wpływem wysokiej temperatury. Żelifikatory są substancjami, które umożliwiają wytworzenie oleożeli z tłuszczów ciekłych. Dzięki swoim właściwościom żelującym strukturyzują one oleje roślinne lub rybne, które bardzo często mają korzystny żywieniowo profil kwasów tłuszczowych. W ten sposób uzyskują one delikatną strukturę ciała stałego. Modyfikowane celulozy (np. etyloceluloza) czy lipidy (np. monoacyloglicerole, wosk carnauba i candelilla) są dozwolonymi substancjami dodatkowymi, które mogą być wykorzystane do wytwarzania jadalnych oleożeli. Według danych zawartych w literaturze naukowej perspektywy wykorzystania olejów strukturyzowanych w przemyśle spożywczym są obiecujące. W zależności od rodzaju frakcji lipidowej i substancji strukturyzujących, oleożele mogą znaleźć zastosowanie jako składniki tłuszczowe w różnych produktach spożywczych. Mogą być one np. alternatywą dla typowych tłuszczów stosowanych w produkcji wyrobów ciastkarskich czy cukierniczych i dzięki temu mogą stanowić prozdrowotną alternatywę dla tłuszczów bogatych w niepożądane żywieniowo nasycone kwasy tłuszczowe (KT) czy izomery trans KT. Ponadto obecność oleożeli w żywności, np. w czekoladach nadziewanych, mogłaby zapobiec procesowi migracji składników olejowych i zapewnić jej wysoką jakość i niezmienność w trakcie przechowywania.
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Ionescu-Tirgoviste, Constantin, and Octavian Buda. "Nicolae Constantin Paulescu." Acta medico-historica Adriatica 15, no. 2 (2017): 303–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.31952/amha.15.2.8.
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Svrha je ovog članka opisati istraživanje Nicolaea Constantina Paulescua i istaknuti njegovu ulogu u otkriću inzulina. Metode: Temeljito smo pregledali literaturu i istraživanja u rumunjskoj akademskoj arhivi kako bismo pronašli odgovarajuće reference. Rezultati: N. C. Paulescu je 1912. analizirao kliničke i biokemijske promjene kod pacijenata s dijabetesom i kod pasa nakon izvođenja pankreatektomije, koji su osim hiperglikemije i glikozurije (metabolizam ugljikohidrata) zabilježili i promjene u metabolizmu lipida i proteina. Godine 1916. Paulescu je započeo eksperiment s ekstraktom gušterače dobivenim njegovom izvornom metodom, koji je intravenski ubrizgan u pse koji su bolovali od dijabetesa. Rezultati njegovih prvih eksperimenata pokazali su: “Ekstrakt gušterače ubrizgan u perifernu venu proizvodi: 1. smanjenje, pa čak i privremenu supresiju dijabetičke hiperglikemije, koja može biti zamijenjena hipoglikemijom; 2. smanjenje ili čak privremenu supresiju glikozurije; 3. smanjenje uree u krvi; 4. smanjenje uree urina. Drugim riječima, intravenozna injekcija ekstrakta gušterače ima za posljedicu nestanak simptoma dijabetesa. Smanjenje dijabetičkog sindroma počinje odmah nakon ubrizgavanja, a maksimum doseže nakon dva sata – i traje oko 12 sati.” Zaključio je: “Ovo otkriće, koje baca novo svjetlo na patogenezu dijabetesa, daje nam i ključ za liječenje ovog sindroma.” Paulescu je 1921. objavio svoje podatke u dva izvanredna francuska časopisa i to osam mjeseci prije prve publikacije Bantinga i Besta u veljači 1922. Jasno je da je inzulin otkriven u Europi. Zaključak: Paulescu je smatrao da je novootkriveni hormon, nazvan pancrein, ključni element u liječenju dijabetesa, ali njegovo izvanredno istraživanje nepravedno je zanemareno.
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KALUĐEROVIĆ, ŽELJKO. "ANALIZA ZASTUPLJENOSTI FILOZOFSKIH PREDMETA I TEMA U „IZVEŠTAJIMA” NOVOSADSKE GIMNAZIJE PERIOD OD 1918-1941. GODINE." ARHE 12, no. 24 (June 17, 2016): 87. http://dx.doi.org/10.19090/arhe.2015.24.87-104.
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Analizu zastupljenosti filozofskih predmeta i tema u „Izveštajima” Novosadske gimnazije autor je započeo od „Izveštaja” za školsku 1918/19. godinu, dok je poslednje ispitivano bilo „Uputstvo učenicima Muške realne gimnazije Kralja Aleksandra I u Novom Sadu za školsku godinu 1940-41”. Autor je utvrdio da se ovo 23 godine dugo razdoblje može segmentirati na dva međusobno vremenski nepovezana perioda. Prvi period sastoji se od dve celine (prva, od školske 1918/19. do 1924/25. godine i druga, od školske 1930/31. do 1932/33. godine). U ovim školskim godinama Filozofija i/ili Filozofska propedeutika (Logika i Psihologija) bila je najviše zastupljena u nastavi u Gimnaziji (predavana je u dva završna razreda (VII i VIII), sa nedeljnim fondom od 4 časa). Drugi period takođe je temporalno fragmentiran (od školske 1925/26. do 1929/30. godine i od školske 1933/34. do 1940/41. godine). Položaj Filozofije i/ili Filozofske propedeutike (Logika i Psihologija, odnosno Osnovi psihologije) bio je u ovom periodu nezavidniji nego u prethodnom, sa fondom od samo 2 časa nedeljno u VIII razredu Gimnazije. Filozofske teme i literatura bili su zastupljeni u Gimnaziji i kroz kurikulume klasičnih jezika. Iz Latinskog jezika proučavana su i prevođena dela velikog oratora i rimskog eklektičara Cicerona (<em>De</em><em> imp. Gn. Pomp.</em>, <em>In Catilinam Oratio</em>, <em>Pro Archia poeta oratio</em>, <em>De senectute</em>, <em>Laelius </em><em>de amicitia</em>, <em>De amic.</em>), radovi slavnog poznog rimskog stoičara Seneke (<em>De</em><em> divitibus</em>), te prevođene neimenovane Sokratove izreke. Kada je reč o Grčkom jeziku, čitali su se i tumačili radovi Homera (<em>Ilijada</em>, <em>Odiseja</em>), Herodota (<em>Istorija</em>), Ksenofonta (<em>Uspomene</em><em> o Sokratu</em>, <em>Kiropedija</em>), Sofokla (<em>Antigona</em>) i delovi Platonove <em>Odbrane Sokratove</em>. Tokom više od dve decenije istraživanog rada Novosadske gimnazije desile su se mnoge značajne stvari, ali organizacija i izvedba nastave iz jedinog filozofskog predmeta nije automatski i dosledno pratila sve ove mene. Štaviše, nastava iz Filozofije i/ili Filozofske propedeutike u Novosadskoj gimnaziji imala je osobeni ritam evolucije, a njeno oblikovanje, mimo svih kvalitativnih i kvantitativnih promena, nije se podudaralo odnosno retko je koincidiralo sa nagoveštenim i primenjenim rešenjima i odlukama.
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Molina Maturano, Jessica, Luz A. García Serrano, Juan A. Carmona García, Mayela A. García de Alva Magos, and Anna M. Hersperger. "An indicator-based sustainability assessment method for indigenous communities: a case study from Mexico." Environment, Development and Sustainability, July 4, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10668-021-01567-x.
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AbstractIndigenous and Western communities are faced with increasing issues of sustainability compromising their natural resources and cultural heritage, for example, a cross-pollination/complementary approach in relation to their current knowledge systems and discourses on sustainability. There is a need for methods that integrate different discourses relating to sustainability to identify the most pressing needs in terms of sustainability. Sustainability assessments are a type of impact assessment that focus on enhanced sustainability both now and in the future; however, the literature on indigenous sustainability assessment methods, is scarce. To address this gap, we have developed a novel Sustainability Assessment method for Indigenous Communities (SAIC). The SAIC method combines Western and indigenous sustainability objectives and principles, in order to extend the range of options for action to address sustainability. The SAIC method consists of two sections (i) values and considerations and (ii) procedure. The “values and considerations” section establishes the fundamental participatory and ethical considerations for conducting sustainability assessments in indigenous communities, and the “procedure” section establishes a set of 55 indicators in eight categories. The method was tested in a Zapotec, indigenous community in México. Results show that this community was rated highly in all eight categories. However, indicators for family planning and access to health services were rated poorly. The identified issues can be used as guidelines for decision making in future regional projects and development plans. The results reveal further areas for improvement, such as strengthening the links to national or international networks and increasing the use of renewable energies. The method presented in this paper provides an assessment approach based on Western and indigenous sustainability discourses, which is suitable for assessing indigenous communities.
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Ulfah Cahyameta Siswoyo, Sri Peni Fitrianingsih, and Siti Hazar. "Studi Literatur Potensi Antibakteri Tanaman Sawo (Manilkara zapota (L.) P. Royen) terhadap Bakteri Penyebab Infeksi Saluran Pencernaan." Bandung Conference Series: Pharmacy 2, no. 2 (July 29, 2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.29313/bcsp.v2i2.4111.
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Abstract. Bacteria is one of the causes of world health problems commonly called bacterial infections. One of the most common bacterial infections is a digestive tract infection. Bacterial infections can be treated with antibiotics. There are many plants that have antibacterial activity, one of which is sapodilla (Manilkara zapota (L.) P. Royen). The purpose of this literature study was to determine the antibacterial potential of sapodilla plants against bacteria that cause digestive tract infections and the class of compounds contained in sapodilla plants. The study was conducted using the Systematic Literature Review (SLR) method in reputable research journals using the keyword "Manilkara zapota antibacterial". The results of the literature study indicate that the sapodilla plant has the antibacterial potential of sapodilla roots, leaves, flowers, fresh fruit, fruit peel, and seeds has antibacterial potential against Escherichia coli, Salmonella spp., Salmonella typhi, Salmonella typhimurium, Salmonella paratyphi A, Bacillus cereus, Vibrio cholera, Shigella flexneri. The sapodilla plant contains a class of alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, saponins, phenols, quinones, sterols, glycosides, terpenoids, carboxylic acids, reducing sugars, carbohydrates, and proteins.
Abstrak. Bakteri merupakan salah satu penyebab masalah kesehatan dunia yang biasa disebut infeksi bakteri. Salah satu infeksi bakteri yang sering terjadi adalah infeksi saluran pencernaan. Infeksi bakteri dapat diatasi dengan antibakteri. Terdapat banyak tanaman yang memiliki aktivitas antibakteri salah satunya adalah sawo (Manilkara zapota (L.) P. Royen). Tujuan dari studi literatur ini adalah untuk mengetahui potensi antibakteri tanaman sawo terhadap bakteri penyebab infeksi saluran pencernaan dan golongan senyawa yang terkandung pada tanaman sawo. Penelitian dilakukan dengan metode Systematic Literature Review (SLR) pada jurnal penelitian bereputasi menggunakan kata kunci “Manilkara zapota antibacterial”. Hasil studi literatur menunjukkan bahwa bagian-bagian tanaman sawo yakni bagian akar, daun, bunga, buah segar, kulit buah, dan biji memiliki potensi antibakteri terhadap bakteri Escherichia coli, Salmonella spp., Salmonella typhi, Salmonella typhimurium, Salmonella paratyphi A, Bacillus cereus, Vibrio cholera, Shigella flexneri. Pada tanaman sawo terdapat golongan senyawa alkaloid, flavonoid, tanin, saponin, fenol, kuinon, sterol, glikosida, terpenoid, asam karboksilat, gula pereduksi, karbohidrat, dan protein.
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López Serrano, Claudia, and Manuel Santiago Herrera Martínez. "Personajes animales de cuentos originarios en México." QVADRATA. Estudios sobre educación, artes y humanidades 4, no. 7 (June 27, 2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.54167/qvadrata.v4i7.945.
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El artículo estudia al conejo y a la serpiente como dos personajes centrales en el cuento indígena y plantea que los proto animales míticos perviven en la Literatura mexicana debido a su complejidad simbólica y a su capacidad adaptativa dentro del sincretismo cultural.
En las narraciones de origen zapoteco, mixe, mixteco, maya y rarámuri se analizarán al conejo y la serpiente como manifestaciones arquetípicas del alma y de la sombra de acuerdo con el enfoque mitológico o del arquetipo de Jung; además de la representación de éstos como opuestos complementarios (López Austin) y el estudio de la forma en que se adhieren continuamente nuevos significados en el imaginario colectivo para funcionar como formas de resistencia cultural (De Certeau). Así pues, se muestra la forma en que los arquetipos de estos personajes conservan su carga simbólica al adaptarse a la voz del otro.
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Karle, Pravin P., Shashikant C. Dhawale, Rajesh J. Mandade, and Vijay V. Navghare. "Screening of Manilkara zapota (L) P. Royen stem bark ethanolic extract for in vitro α-glucosidase inhibition, preliminary antidiabetic effects, and improvement of diabetes and its complications in alloxan-induced diabetes in Wistar rats." Bulletin of the National Research Centre 46, no. 1 (April 15, 2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s42269-022-00783-3.
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Abstract Background A perusal of the literature suggested that Manilkara zapota (L.) P. Royen stem bark (MZSB) is enriched with several bioactive phytoconstituents but had not been yet screened for its in vitro and in vivo antidiabetic potentials. Thus, the present study aimed to investigate the effects of 70% ethanolic extract of Manilkara zapota (L) P. Royen stem bark (EMZSB) in DPPH- and H2O2-scavenging assay, in vitro α-glucosidase inhibition assay, ameliorating diabetes and its complications in alloxan-induced diabetes in Wistar rats. Results With a maximum extractive yield of 9.16% w/w, EMZSB has shown the presence of various phytochemicals like flavonoids, phenolic compounds, tannins, anthraquinone glycosides, steroids, terpenoids, and alkaloids. EMZSB has elucidated a considerable in vitro free radical scavenging potential by DPPH and H2O2 assays when compared with absolute ethanolic extract of Manilkara zapota (L) P. Royen stem bark (AEMZSB), while ascorbic acid was taken as the standard. Further, EMZSB demonstrated high in vitro α-glucosidase enzyme inhibition potential (IC50 = 119.79 ± 1.52 µg/mL) than AEMZSB (IC50 = 129.92 ± 2.29 µg/mL) with a significant difference (p < 0.01), when acarbose was taken as reference inhibitor (IC50 = 86.43 ± 1.26 µg/mL). During acute toxicity studies EMZSB was safe up to 2000 mg kg−1 doses while, found causing moribund status followed by mortality in mice at 3000 mg kg−1 and above doses. A preliminary antidiabetic study with EMZSB-250 mg kg−1 in normal rats showed no sign of hypoglycemia; however, a dose-dependent antihyperglycemic effects were observed in oral glucose tolerance test in glucose-loaded rats. In vivo assessment with EMZSB-250 mg kg−1 in alloxan-induced rats demonstrated significant blood glucose-lowering effects with perfection in serum lipid profile, body weight enhancement, cardiovascular risk indices, nephroprotective effects, augmentation in liver glycogen content, and histopathological evidence of normal architecture of kidneys with no marks for nephritis. Conclusions EMZSB-250 showed significant antidiabetic effects and ameliorated diabetic complications by improving glycemic control and accompanying biochemical alteration.
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García-Medall, Joaquín. "Actitud comunicativa en un diccionario hispano-filipino (1613) y sus diferencias con uno luso-japonés (1603 y 1604). La relevancia de los ritos sínicos." Moenia, November 4, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.15304/moenia.id8071.
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Los investigadores van trazando el camino de las influencias entre la lexicografía mesoamericana y la de las islas Filipinas desde diversas perspectivas. Por lo general, ya podemos admitir que parte de su nomenclatura gramatical, como el concepto de metáfora (met.) o el de facere facere (verbos causativos) provienen directamente de la lexicografía mesoamericana relativa a diversas lenguas, como el náhuatl, el otomí o el zapoteco. También parece probado que Nebrija llegó primero a las Filipinas a través de Alonso de Molina y que luego otros lexicógrafos como Alonso de Urbano, entre otros, influyeron decisivamente en la selección léxica de las entradas de diversos vocabularios filipinos para el tagalo, el bisaya y otras lenguas del archipiélago. Dichas influencias no solo se ven reflejadas en los vocabularios, sino que responden, en general, al concepto de «bien común» que aplicaban las diversas órdenes religiosas en su tarea de apoyo a la evangelización a través de artefactos intelectuales que provenían de la tradición europea, los glosarios, los vocabularios y los calepinos, elementos complementarios de las Artes o gramáticas . Algunos autores, con mayor o menor fortuna, han investigado los préstamos que aparecen en el primer vocabulario impreso de la lengua tagala y del bisaya, su fraseología, sus informaciones pragmáticas más relevantes, algunas de sus informaciones enciclopédicas, parte de su metalenguaje gramatical e incluso algunas partes de su gramática oculta derivada del corpus de ejemplificaciones del vocabulario.
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Karle, Pravin P., Shashikant C. Dhawale, Vijay V. Navghare, and Shivraj S. Shivpuje. "Optimization of extraction conditions and evaluation of Manilkara zapota (L.) P. Royen fruit peel extract for in vitro α-glucosidase enzyme inhibition and free radical scavenging potential." Future Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 7, no. 1 (July 26, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s43094-021-00305-4.
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Abstract Background Most of the edible portions like peel and skin of some fruits is discarded while consuming it, though they are rich in several health beneficial phytochemicals or nutrients. Many reports from literature are about fruit pulp of (Sapota) Manilkara zapota (L) P. Royen having high radical scavenging and antioxidant potential, but the studies relating to peel extracts are scanty. Regardless of its commendable phytoconstituents which could have free radical scavenging potential, this fruit peel is as yet still needed to be assessed for in vitro antidiabetic prospects. Hence, the present study aims at evaluating in vitro free radical scavenging and α-glucosidase enzyme hindrance abilities of this fruit peel. Results With a maximum considerable % extractive yield (18.90%) in 70% ethanol, this study has demonstrated that 70% ethanolic extract of Manilkara Zapota (L.) P. Royen Fruit Peel (MZFP) has the highest in vitro free radical scavenging potential as compared to extracts of other solvents viz. n-hexane, chloroform, acetone, absolute ethanol, and water by DPPH and H2O2 assays. In order to optimize the extraction condition parameters, MZFP sample evaluated with three different concentrations of ethanol (40%, 70%, 100%), extraction times (6 h, 9 h, 12 h), and temperatures (40 °C, 50 °C, 60 °C) to get the highest radical scavenging potential. The MZFP when extracted with 70% ethanol, at 50 °C for 12 h, showed higher DPPH (IC50 = 0.34 and 88.42% inhibition at 1 mg/ml) and H2O2 (IC50 = 32.69 and 65.78% inhibition at 50 μg/ml) radical scavenging potential than absolute and 40% ethanolic extracts, when ascorbic acid was used as a reference standard. While further evaluation for in vitro α-glucosidase enzyme inhibition, 70% ethanolic MZFP extract demonstrated high inhibition activity (IC50 = 104.23 ± 1.75 μg/ml) than absolute ethanolic extract (IC50 = 111.65 ± 1.57 μg/ml) with a significant difference (p < 0.05), when acarbose was taken as reference inhibitor (IC50 = 86.93 ± 0.74 μg/ml). Conclusions Overall results indicated that MZFP 70% ethanolic extract exhibited promising in vitro radical scavenging and α-glucosidase enzyme inhibition potential. Thus, suggesting further studies with isolated phytochemicals from peel to explore its potentials for antidiabetic activity through in vitro α-glucosidase enzyme inhibition.