Relevant bibliographies by topics / ZDDP

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'ZDDP'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 25 July 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "ZDDP"

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Yu, L. G., E. S. Yamaguchi, M. Kasrai, and G. M. Bancroft. "The chemical characterization of tribofilms using XANES — Interaction of nanosize calcium-containing detergents with zinc dialkyldithiophosphate." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 85, no. 10 (2007): 675–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v07-045.

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A Plint friction and wear tester was used to investigate the effect of several calcium-containing detergents on the tribological and tribochemical performance of a zinc dialkyldithiophosphate (ZDDP) lubricating oil additive in a low-sulfur base stock, 100N. Thus, the friction and wear behavior of a steel-on-steel contact lubricated by 100N oil containing ZDDP alone and ZDDP–detergent mixtures at 100 °C was evaluated in a pin-on-disc configuration. The wear scar width of the upper steel pins was determined using an optical microscope, while the tribofilms formed on the lower steel discs were an
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Kumbhar, Sachin Sadanand, Sachin Aatmaram Khiste, and Shilpi Shrivastava. "SYNTHESIS OF DITHIOPHOSPHATE COMPOUNDS AND EVALUATION OF PERFORMANCES AS ANTIWEAR AND ANTIFRICTION LUBRICANT ADDITIVES." Journal of Advanced Scientific Research 13, no. 01 (2022): 200–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.55218/jasr.202213122.

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ZDDPs are the most widely used antiwear additive in lubricants. It adds several performances attributes to lubricant but also adds to metal ashes produced due to the aging and burning of the lubricants. Being the major contributor to the ash produced by lubricants, Zinc needs to be replaced or removed out to claim lubricants ashless. This paper gives insights on various dithiophosphate compounds that can be considered a replacement to the ZDDP without compromising the performance of lubricants. In this study, the synthesis methods were analyzed for ashless dithiophosphate compounds. These comp
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Somayaji, Anuradha, Ramoun Mourhatch, and Pranesh B. Aswath. "Nanoscale Mechanical Properties of In-Situ Tribofilms Generated from ZDDP and F-ZDDP with and without Antioxidants." Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology 7, no. 12 (2007): 4378–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jnn.2007.905.

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Tribofilms with thickness ranging from 100–200 nm were developed in-situ during wear tests using a zinc dialkyl dithiophosphates (ZDDP) and fluorinated ZDDP (F-ZDDP). The influence of the antioxidant alkylated diphenyl amine on the formation and properties of these tribofilm is examined. Results indicate that the thickness of the tribofilms formed when F-ZDDP is used is always thicker than the tribofilm formed with ZDDP. In addition, in the presence of antioxidants the tribofilm thickness is increased. The hardness of these tribofilms in the absence of the antioxidants is significantly higher
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Huynh, Khai K., Kiet A. Tieu, and Sang T. Pham. "Synergistic and Competitive Effects between Zinc Dialkyldithiophosphates and Modern Generation of Additives in Engine Oil." Lubricants 9, no. 4 (2021): 35. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/lubricants9040035.

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The increasing demand for low-viscosity engine oil has underscored the role of zinc dialkyldithiophosphates (ZDDP) as a conventional anti-wear and antioxidant additive. It is essential to investigate the influence of modern additives such as cyclopropanecarboxylic acid (CPCa) and Ni nanoparticles on the tribological performance of ZDDP for practical commercial oil application. According to the experimental results, Ni nanoparticles formed a protective film that exhibited a synergistic effect with ZDDP. A significantly higher concentration of sulphur in the tribofilm was detected compared to ZD
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Kim, Daekun, Todd J. Toops, Ke Nguyen, Michael J. Lance, and Jun Qu. "Impact of Primary and Secondary ZDDP and Ionic Liquid as Lubricant Oil Additives on the Performance and Physicochemical Properties of Pd-Based Three-Way Catalysts." Catalysts 11, no. 8 (2021): 878. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal11080878.

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In the present study, two industry primary and secondary zinc dialkyldithiophosphate standards, ZDDP1 and ZDDP2, respectively, are evaluated for their impact on the performance of Pd-based three-way catalyst and bench-marked against two mixed lubricant additives formed from either ZDDP1 or ZDDP2 with a second-generation oil-miscible phosphoric-containing ionic liquid (IL). The three-way catalysts (TWCs) are exposed to the lubricant additives in an engine bench under four different scenarios: a base case with no additive (NA), ZDDP1, IL+ZDDP1, ZDDP2, and IL+ZDDP2. The engine-aged TWC samples ar
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Qi, Penghao, Shijian Wang, Jing Li, Yue Li, and Guangneng Dong. "Synergistic lubrication effect of antioxidant and low content ZDDP on PFPE grease." Industrial Lubrication and Tribology 73, no. 5 (2021): 830–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ilt-01-2021-0017.

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Purpose The purpose of this study is to reduce the use of Zinc dialkyl dithiophosphates (ZDDP) and improve the frictional properties and thermal oxidation stability of Perfluoropolyether (PFPE) grease by adding antioxidant additives. The addition of antioxidants can reduce the consumption of ZDDP as an antioxidant, thus improving the anti-wear efficiency of ZDDP and reducing the excess phosphorus element in the grease. Design/methodology/approach In this study, an antioxidant with good comprehensive performance was selected from several antioxidants by tribological tests and high-temperature t
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Spikes, Hugh A. "Beyond ZDDP." Lubrication Science 20, no. 2 (2008): 77–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ls.60.

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Ng, Edward, and Sujeet Kumar Sinha. "Effects of antiwear additives in the base oil on the tribological performance of hydrogen-free DLC coating." Industrial Lubrication and Tribology 66, no. 6 (2014): 633–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ilt-04-2012-0037.

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Purpose – The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of zinc dialkyl dithiophophates (ZDDP) and ash-less triphenyl phosphorothionate (TPPT) on hydrogen-free diamond-like carbon (DLC) coatings. For many years, ZDDP have traditionally been used in engine oils as antiwear (AW) and extreme pressure (EP) additives. However, additives containing sulfated ash, phosphorus and sulfur (SAPS) have a detrimental effect on the exhaust after-treatment device found on modern vehicles. Besides the automotive industry, DLC is also used in hydraulic applications where zinc-free and ash-less hydraul
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Tsai, Anna E., and Kyriakos Komvopoulos. "Wear Mechanisms, Composition and Thickness of Antiwear Tribofilms Formed from Multi-Component Lubricants." Materials 17, no. 10 (2024): 2324. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma17102324.

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The antiwear properties of tribofilms formed on steel surfaces lubricated with various multi-component lubricants were investigated at an elevated temperature and under load-speed conditions conducive to sliding in the boundary lubrication regime. The lubricants contained base oil, reduced-level (secondary) zinc dialkyl dithiophosphate (ZDDP), and nitrogenous dispersant. The wear resistance of the tribofilms produced from different oil blends was evaluated in the context of the rate of change in the sliding track volume (wear rate for material loss) and the load-bearing capacity, chemical comp
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Dzięgielewski, Wojciech, Joanna Kowalczyk, Andrzej Kulczycki, Monika Madej, and Dariusz Ozimina. "Tribochemical Interactions between Carbon Nanotubes and ZDDP Antiwear Additive during Tribofilm Formation on Uncoated and DLC-Coated Steel." Materials 13, no. 10 (2020): 2409. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13102409.

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The data from the authors’ earlier investigations show that molecules of zinc dithiophosphate (ZDDP) added to a lubricant can absorb energy emitted by a solid surface, which is where triboreactions occur. If the lubricant contains structures able to conduct energy, the ZDDP reactions can occur even at a relatively large distance from the solid surface, which should increase the effectiveness of ZDDP as an antiwear additive. The purpose of this paper was to verify the thesis that the tribocatalytic effect depends on the ability of the solid surface to emit electrons/energy and the ability of or
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "ZDDP"

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Heeran, Michael. "ZDDP-additive interactions in engine lubricant formulations." Thesis, Durham University, 2019. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/12959/.

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This thesis describes the investigation of the solution phase interactions, and resulting coordination-, thermo- and tribo-chemistry, in binary antiwear (Zinc Dialkyl DithioPhosphate - ZDDP) and organic friction modifier (OFM) additive formulations. The work probed in particular, the importance of OFM structure in dictating the thermolysis and tribochemical performance of ZDDP-OFM formulations, with the aim of facili- tating the selection or design of optimal additive combinations for engine lubricant applications. In this regard, Chapter 1 provides an introduction to the fundamentals of lubri
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Tabibi, Makaye. "Dispersant Effects on Zinc Dialkyldithiophosphate (ZDDP) Tribofilm Structure and Composition." VCU Scholars Compass, 2015. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/4059.

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For decades, global regulations and government mandates have driven technological developments to improve vehicle fuel economy. Tribological components found in all automotive engines contain metal-on-metal contact zones that may result in increased friction and wear, reducing overall engine efficiency. Lubricant additives such as antiwear and friction modifying components are added to motor oils to prevent some of the damages that may occur at contact zones and improve friction. The effects of other additive components, such as dispersants, that are prevalent in a lubricant additive package o
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Suominen, Fuller Marina L. "Chemistry of surface films from ZDDP by x-ray absorption spectroscopy." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp02/NQ32306.pdf.

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ZANATTA, VANESSA BREDER VALENTE. "METHOD VALIDATION OF ZDDP QUANTIFICATION IN LUBRICATING OIL BY INFRARED SPECTROMETRY." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2009. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=14998@1.

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PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO<br>Este trabalho teve como objetivo desenvolver e validar uma metodologia analítica para a determinação da concentração de ZDDP em óleos lubrificantes por espectrofotometria na região do infravermelho. Optou-se por expressar a concentração de ZDDP baseada no teor de fósforo, devido à necessidade de comparação com técnicas analíticas que determinam o total deste elemento. O método desenvolvido foi capaz de determinar o teor de fósforo por espectrofotometria na região do infravermelho na faixa de 0,0770 a 0,1500 % m/m, o que representa em torno
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Demmou, Karim. "Nanoindentation, viscoplasticité et piézo-mécanique de films de dithio-phosphate de zinc triboformes." Ecully, Ecole centrale de Lyon, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007ECDL0031.

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Utilisés depuis les années 30, les dithiophosphates de zinc sont des additifs de lubrification possédant de bonnes propriétés anti-oxydantes, anti-usure et extrême pression grâce à la formation de films protecteurs sur les surfaces frottantes. L'introduction，dans les années 90，des pots d'échappement catalytiques a entraîné l’émission de normes de plus en plus drastiques limitant la teneur en phosphore et en soufre d’huiles de lubrification destinées au transport automobile. Ces additifs étant les seuls apports de phosphore au sein des moteurs à combustion interne，la recherche a été relancée po
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Qian, Kun. "Effect of Chemical Structure on Tribological Behavior of Base Oils." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1619112362542091.

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Berkani, Sophia. "Comportement tribologique et analyses in-situ de polyphosphates de zinc : apport de la spectroscopie Raman." Phd thesis, Ecole Centrale de Lyon, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00963748.

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Le dialkyldithiophosphate de zinc ( ZDDP ) est un additif anti-usure habituellement utilisé dans les lubrifiants moteurs. Dans des conditions sévères de frottement, les molécules de ZDDP forment sur les surfaces métalliques un film, appelé tribofilm, qui protège ces surfaces de l'adhésion et de l'abrasion. Les tribofilms sont principalement composés de polyphosphates de zinc dont la longueur des chaînes varie progressivement sur la hauteur du film. On trouve les chaînes de phosphate les plus courtes à la surface du métal et les chaînes de phosphate les plus longues au sommet du film. Plusieurs
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Njiwa, Paule. "Comparaison du comportement tribologique des molécules de thiophosphates et de phosphates de zinc en tant qu'additifs anti-usure." Phd thesis, Ecole Centrale de Lyon, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00750886.

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Grâce à ses propriétés d'antioxydant, d'anti-usure et éventuellement d'extrême pression le dithiophosphate de zinc (ZDDP) fait partie des additifs les plus utilisés dans les lubrifiants pour moteurs thermiques. De nos jours, dans un souci de respect de l'environnement, de nouveaux lubrifiants possédant de bonnes performances en lubrification (frottement faible et usure limitée) sont développés en prenant compte des limitations d'utilisations actuelles du ZDDP. L'idée étant de réduire dans ceux-ci les teneurs en phosphore et soufre (Normes euros VI), éléments essentiels du ZDDP qui endommagent
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Xu, Mingzhi. "On Cohomology Groups of Global Units in Zdp-Extensions /." The Ohio State University, 1995. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487864986611668.

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Maia, Vanessa Alexandra Fernandes. "Relatório da prática de ensino supervisionada em educação pré-escolar: a relevância da interação criança-criança em grupos heterogéneos no processo de aprendizagem." Master's thesis, Universidade de Évora, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10174/13611.

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O presente relatório corresponde a uma descrição refletida do trabalho desenvolvido na Prática de Ensino Supervisionada em Educação Pré-Escolar, na instituição Centro Infantil Irene Lisboa (CIIL), em contexto de Creche e Jardim de Infância. Este apresenta, inicialmente, uma reflexão fundamentada cujo enfoque é o tema do relatório: a relevância da interação criança-criança em grupos heterogéneos no processo de aprendizagem, sustentada na perspetiva sócio histórica de Vygotsky, nomeadamente no conceito de zona de desenvolvimento próximo (ZDP ) e na abordagem de Lilian G. Katz acerca da contribui
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Books on the topic "ZDDP"

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Svilar, Branka. Zakon o davku od dobička pravnih oseb (ZDDPO): S komentarjem. Gospodarski vestnik, 1998.

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Raĭchinova, Ilonka. Pravilnik za prilagane na ZDDS: Avtorski komentar, drugi normativni aktove. Intertax, 1999.

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Beč, Nevenka. Zakon o davku na dodano vrednost (ZDDV): S komentarjem in podzakonski akti. Gospodarski vestnik, 1999.

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Slovenia. Zakon o deviznem poslovanju (ZDP) s komentarjem in podzakonski akti. Gospodarski vestnik, 1999.

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Slovenia. Zakon o davku na dediščine in darila (ZDDD): S komentarjem in sodno prakso. GV založba, 2013.

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Rangelov, Evgeni. Tŭrgovskite dogovori na predprii︠a︡tieto: Normativna uredba, schetovodno otchitane, danŭchni aspekti po ZKPO i ZDDS. Ciela, 2012.

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Slovenia. Zakon o detektivski dejavnosti (ZDD-1): S komentarjem ; Zakon o zasebnem varovanju (ZZasV-1) : s komentarjem. GV založba, d. o. o., 2012.

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Bulgaria. Danŭchno oblagane 2011: Zakon za mestnite danŭt︠s︡i i taksi, Zakon za danŭt︠s︡ite vŭrkhu dokhodite na fizicheskite lit︠s︡a, Zakon za korporativnoto podokhodno oblagane, Zakon za danŭk vŭrkhu dobavenata stoĭnost, Pravilnik za prilagane na ZDDS, Zakon za akt︠s︡izite i danŭchnite skladove, Pravilnik za prilagane na ZADS, Zakon za vŭzstanovi︠a︡vane na nadvnesen akt︠s︡iz za upotrebi︠a︡vani avtomobili, Zakon za danŭk vŭrkhu zastrakhovatelnite premii. Ciela, 2010.

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ZDDC: Zimbabwe directory of development consultants, 1989. Z.I. Publications in association with and distributed by Nehanda Publishers, 1989.

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ZDDC: Zimbabwe directory of development consultants, 1989. Z.I. Publications in association with and distributed by Nehanda Publishers, 1989.

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Book chapters on the topic "ZDDP"

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Kawahara, Jun. "ZDDs and Frontier-Based Search for Solving Combinatorial Problems." In Algorithmic Foundations for Social Advancement. Springer Nature Singapore, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-96-0668-9_3.

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Abstract This chapter describes the technical background for solving combinatorial problems using zero-suppressed binary decision diagrams (ZDDs). A ZDD can store a vast number of feasible solutions of a combinatorial problem, such as vertex sets and subgraphs of a given graph. ZDDs enable obtaining many good solutions, random sampling, filtering, and more, rather than just finding a single optimal solution. In this chapter, we describe the definition and characteristics of ZDDs, explain two typical ZDD construction frameworks, and show algorithms that utilize constructed ZDDs.
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Horng, Jeng-Haur, Thi-Na Ta, and Yue-Syun Wu. "The Effects of ZDDP Additive and Running-in Process on Scuffing and Vibration Behaviors of a Lubricating Oil." In Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering. Springer Nature Singapore, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-97-0106-3_4.

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Ravikiran, B. Sachin, T. Raghavendra, R. Madhusudhana, S. L. Aravind, and Gurukiran Kashyaup. "Investigation of Viscosity and Tribological Characteristics of Cashew Nut Shell Oil and Castor Oil Blends Using ZDDP as Additives." In Advances in Science, Technology & Innovation. Springer Nature Switzerland, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-73816-6_19.

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Minato, Shin-ichi. "Counting by ZDD." In Encyclopedia of Algorithms. Springer New York, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-2864-4_734.

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Minato, Shin-ichi. "Counting by ZDD." In Encyclopedia of Algorithms. Springer US, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-27848-8_734-1.

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Lin, Yi, Lucas M. Tabajara, and Moshe Y. Vardi. "ZDD Boolean Synthesis." In Tools and Algorithms for the Construction and Analysis of Systems. Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-99524-9_4.

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AbstractMotivated by applications in boolean-circuit design, boolean synthesis is the process of synthesizing a boolean function with multiple outputs, given a relation between its inputs and outputs. Previous work has attempted to solve boolean functional synthesis by converting a specification formula into a Binary Decision Diagram (BDD) and quantifying existentially the output variables. We make use of the fact that the specification is usually given in the form of a Conjunctive Normal Form (CNF) formula, and we can perform resolution on a symbolic representation of a CNF formula in the for
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Fujita, Takahiro, Kohei Hatano, and Eiji Takimoto. "Boosting over Non-deterministic ZDDs." In WALCOM: Algorithms and Computation. Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-75172-6_17.

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Anaya, Víctor, Francisco Fraile, Raúl Poler, and Ángel Ortiz. "Empowering Process Quality Through Microservices. A ZDMP Perspective." In Enterprise Interoperability IX. Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-90387-9_14.

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Aoki, Hiroshi, Takahisa Toda, and Shin-ichi Minato. "Three-way Indexing ZDDs for Large-Scale Sparse Datasets." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-13186-3_41.

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Takeuchi, Shogo, Takahisa Toda, and Shin-ichi Minato. "A General Framework for Parallel Unary Operations on ZDDs." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-13186-3_44.

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Conference papers on the topic "ZDDP"

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Patel, K., P. B. Aswath, and R. L. Elsenbaumer. "Development of Low Phosphorous Engine Oils." In World Tribology Congress III. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/wtc2005-64078.

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ZDDP is the industry standard anti wear additive used by oil formulators for the past 50 years to provide the antiwear and load bearing capacity of engine oil. The breakdown of ZDDP results in the formation of sulfides and phosphates which provide anti-wear protection. In addition to its role as an anti-wear additive ZDDP also performs the role of an antioxidant. The performance of ZDDP is reduced by other parts of the additive package which include dispersants, pH stabilizers, and detergents. These constituents stabilize ZDDP and reduce its activity. The breakdown of ZDDP also creates S and P
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Hu, Jian-Qiang, Ge-Lin Dai, Yi-Qin Hu, and Yan Fu. "The Synergistic Antiwear and Frictional Properties of Organic Molybdenum Compound With Zinc Dialkyldithiophosphate." In ASME/STLE 2007 International Joint Tribology Conference. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ijtc2007-44034.

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The synergistic antiwear and friction reducing properties of oils containing nor-sulfur nor-phosphoruorganic molybdenum compound (MC) with zinc dialkyldithiophosphate (ZnDDP) were evaluated by four ball tester. The results show that the combination of organic molybdenum compound and ZDDP exhibits good synergistic antiwear and friction reducing properties. Moreover, at the same concentration of ZDDP with different alkyl groups, there was an different optimum MC concentration for better antiwear and friction reducing properties. When MC concentration exceed this optimum valves, the antiwear and
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Parekh, K., and P. B. Aswath. "Synthesis of Fluorinated ZDDP Compounds." In STLE/ASME 2006 International Joint Tribology Conference. ASME, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ijtc2006-12053.

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Parekh, K., R. Mourhatch, and P. B. Aswath. "ZDDP-Additive-Catalyst Interactions in Engine Oil." In World Tribology Congress III. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/wtc2005-64075.

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The phosphorous content in engine oil is found to be the major cause of the poisoning of Catalytic converters in automobiles, hence environmental regulations limiting the phosphorous level in GF4 and GF5 oils have been introduced. Zinc dialkyl dithiophosphate (ZDDP) being the only major source of phosphorous in current engine oils, is also an indispensable component of the additive package in these oils for it has been the primary anti wear — as well as anti oxidant — additive for over fifty years. Efforts are made to replace the ZDDP with other materials with the same properties which would n
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Martin, J. M., and C. Minfray. "Antiwear Chemistry in Presence of ZDDP." In World Tribology Congress III. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/wtc2005-63960.

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Antiwear chemistry is related to the role of tribochemical reactions in controlling abrasive wear, adhesive wear as well as physical and mechanical properties of tribofilms. In the case of additives in boundary lubrication, three different chemical reactions have been found to be directly connected to mechanical response. First one is the digestion of hard metal oxides in the glassy tribofilm formed from the antiwear additives, thus combating with abrasive wear. Second reaction is the reaction of sulphur species with nascent metal surfaces, reducing adhesive wear between antagonist metal surfa
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Aswath, P. B., S. Munot, K. Patel, and R. L. Elsenbaumer. "Development and Evaluation of a High Performance Universal Grease." In World Tribology Congress III. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/wtc2005-64079.

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Lithium based grease constitutes a large fraction of the grease consumed in the aviation and automobile industry. The durability and performance of the grease depends upon the additives added. The additive package used here includes PTFE (Poly Tetra-flouroethylene) for low coefficient of friction, ZDDP (Zinc Dialkyl Dithiophosphate) for anti wear properties, and Molybdenum sulfide for high load applications. We have developed a catalyst that helps PTFE to adhere to the metal surface at a low temperature. Block-on-cylinder tests and 4-ball weld tests were carried out to evaluate the effect of t
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Hu, Jianqiang, Junbing Yao, and Zhanhe Du. "Opportunities for Replacement of Phosphorus and Dithiophosphates in Lubricating Oil With Borate Ester Additive Containing Nitrogen." In World Tribology Congress III. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/wtc2005-63348.

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The poisoning of exhaust catalysts by phosphorus has lead to research to provide new additives packages to reduce or displace the use of ZDDP. In this research a four-ball tester was used to evaluate the tribological performances of organic borate ester containing nitrogen (BNO) combined with zinc dialkyldithiophosphate (ZDDP) or tin dialkyldithiocarbamates (SnDDC) in base oil respectively. The results indicate that the combination of these additives with organic borates ester can exhibit better antiwear synergism than either component separately without impairing load carrying abilities. Espe
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Li, Yue-Rong, Gavin Pereira, Masoud Kasrai, and Peter R. Norton. "Studies on ZDDP Anti-Wear Films Formed Under the Different Conditions by XANES Spectroscopy, Atomic Force Microscopy and 31P NMR." In ASME/STLE 2007 International Joint Tribology Conference. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ijtc2007-44218.

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Antiwear (AW) films, generated from a mineral base oil containing zinc dialkyl dithiophosphate (ZDDP) additive, were extensively studied. These films were formed at various conditions such as different temperatures, various loads and rubbing times. The surface morphology of these films was investigated using atomic force microscopy (AFM) and the surface roughness of these films has been calculated from the images. X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) spectroscopy has been used to characterize the chemistry of these films. The intensity of phosphorus K-edge was also used to monitor the
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Topolovec-Miklozic, Ksenija, T. Reg Forbus, and Hugh A. Spikes. "Performance of Friction Modifiers on ZDDP-Generated Surfaces." In STLE/ASME 2006 International Joint Tribology Conference. ASME, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ijtc2006-12254.

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Pennecot, G., K. Komvopoulos, and E. S. Yamaguchi. "Synergistic Antiwear Effects of Zinc Dialkyl Dithiophosphate and Different Detergents." In STLE/ASME 2008 International Joint Tribology Conference. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ijtc2008-71013.

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The effectiveness of blends consisting of base oil, some secondary zinc dialkyl dithiophosphate (ZDDP), and different detergents to form antiwear tribofilms on steel surfaces sliding in the boundary lubrication regime was investigated in the temperature range of 105–125°C. The efficacy of the tribofilms formed from these blends was evaluated in terms of contact voltage and wear rate measurements. The best antiwear performance was demonstrated by the tribofilm formed from the blend containing sulphonate detergent. The results of this study provide insight into competing effects between ZDDP and
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Reports on the topic "ZDDP"

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Qu, Jun, Yan Zhou, Donovan N. Leonard, Harry M. Meyer, III, and Huimin Luo. Annual Report - Compatibility of ZDDP and ionic liquid anti-wear additives with hard coatings for engine lubrications. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1241474.

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