Relevant bibliographies by topics / Zero Point of Charge

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Zero Point of Charge'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 13 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Zero Point of Charge"

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Gulicovski, Jelena J., Ljiljana S. Čerović, and Slobodan K. Milonjić. "Point of Zero Charge and Isoelectric Point of Alumina." Materials and Manufacturing Processes 23, no. 6 (2008): 615–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10426910802160668.

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Sil, Tapas, and Shalom Shlomo. "Zero-point oscillations and nuclear charge radii." Physica Scripta 78, no. 6 (2008): 065202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0031-8949/78/06/065202.

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Taha, Fouad, A. M. El-Roudi, and M. B. Saleh. "The Zero Point of Charge of Cassiterite." Bulletin des Sociétés Chimiques Belges 95, no. 3 (2010): 157–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bscb.19860950303.

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De Faria, Luis Antonio, and Sergio Trasatti. "The Point of Zero Charge of CeO2." Journal of Colloid and Interface Science 167, no. 2 (1994): 352–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/jcis.1994.1370.

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Čerović, Lj S., S. K. Milonjić, M. B. Todorović, et al. "Point of zero charge of different carbides." Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects 297, no. 1-3 (2007): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.colsurfa.2006.10.012.

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Zheng, Guo Tai, and Jiu Ying Qin. "A Study of Divergence on still Point Charge and Moving Point Charge in the Vacuum Passive Space." Advanced Materials Research 415-417 (December 2011): 701–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.415-417.701.

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The divergence of still point charge is zero in the vacuum passive space, but the divergence of moving point charge is not zero. In order to make the divergence of moving point charge in the vacuum passive space being zero, we must choose the coordinate in which moving point charge has the same velocity with the coordinate as a reference system.
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Kosmulski, Marek, and Czesław Saneluta. "Point of zero charge/isoelectric point of exotic oxides: Tl2O3." Journal of Colloid and Interface Science 280, no. 2 (2004): 544–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcis.2004.08.079.

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Ardizzone, S., A. Daghetti, L. Franceschi, and S. Trasatti. "The point of zero charge of hydrous RuO2." Colloids and Surfaces 35, no. 1 (1989): 85–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0166-6622(89)80321-x.

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Sakurai, Katsutoshi, Yohichi Ohdate, and Kazutake Kyuma. "Factors affecting zero point of charge (zpc) of variable charge soils." Soil Science and Plant Nutrition 35, no. 1 (1989): 21–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00380768.1989.10434733.

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Alvarez-Silva, M., M. Mirnezami, A. Uribe-Salas, and J. A. Finch. "Point of Zero Charge, Isoelectric Point and Aggregation of Phyllosilicate Minerals." Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly 49, no. 4 (2010): 405–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/cmq.2010.49.4.405.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Zero Point of Charge"

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Akram, Muhammad. "The effect of zero point charge environment on rock fracture behavior." Thesis, This resource online, 1991. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-08142009-040230/.

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Pailden, Junvie Montealto. "Applications of Empirical Likelihood to Zero-Inflated Data and Epidemic Change Point." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1367579613.

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Ali, Ahmad Mouhamad. "Energie de surface de nanoparticules de TiO2-anatase. Mesure des effets de taille, morphologie et cristallinité par molécules sondes." Thesis, Montpellier 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011MON20182/document.

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Afin d'étudier la granulo- et la morpho-dépendance des propriétés d'énergies de surface de solides divisés, plusieurs lots de TiO2 anatase ont été synthétisés. Une série de matériaux parfaitement définis avec des morphologies allant de sphéroïdale à facettée, dans des gammes de tailles allant de 4 à 20 nm a été obtenue grâce aux modifications de conditions de pH et la présence d'acides organiques. La combinaison de différentes molécules sonde a permis de déterminer l'hétérogénéité énergétique superficielle de ces matériaux, aux interfaces solide/gaz et solide/liquide. La volumétrie de quasi-équilibre à basse pression (N2/Ar) couplée à la méthode de modélisation DIS et la microcalorimétrie à écoulement de gaz (NH3) ont mis en évidence les contributions des différentes faces cristallographiques et les effets de la cristallinité. Ces mêmes propriétés ont été analysées grâce à la titration potentiométrique en milieu aqueux (H+/OH-), couplée à la procédure TDIS (détermination du PCN et des distributions d'affinité de protons). Cette stratégie a permis une étude complète des propriétés superficielles énergétiques et géométriques des nanomatériaux<br>In order to study the relationships between the particle size, the morphology and the surface energy properties of divided solids, several batches of TiO2 anatase were synthesized. A series of materials with morphologies ranging from spheroidal to well faceted, with particle sizes ranging from 4 to 20 nm were obtained by adjusting the pH conditions and the presence of organic acids. The surface heterogeneity of these materials, at solid/gas and solid/liquid interfaces, was studied by combining various molecular probes. The low pressure quasi-equilibrium adsorption volumetry (N2/Ar) coupled with the DIS modeling approach and the flow adsorption microcalorimetry (NH3) have evidenced the various contributions of crystallographic faces and the effect of the crystallinity. These properties have also been analyzed using potentiometric titration in aqueous medium (H+/OH-), coupled with the TDIS procedure, to determine PZC and proton affinity distributions. Such a strategy has led to a complete study of the energetic and geometric surface properties of these nanomaterials
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Felix, Olivia. "Etude thermodynamique de la sorption de l'uranyle sur la monazite et la magnétite." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00737326.

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Les phénomènes d'adsorption interviennent dans les processus géochimiques gouvernant ainsi le transport des contaminants. Par ailleurs, les variations de température sont susceptibles d'influencer significativement leur comportement vis-à-vis de la surface des minéraux. Aussi, l'influence de la température sur la sorption doit être étudiée afin de mieux appréhender le devenir des éléments dans l'environnement. Dans cette optique, l'interaction entre un ion modèle, l'uranyle et deux minéraux a été étudiée. Dans un premier temps, un composé méthodologique, la monazite, a été choisi afin de déterminer la démarche à suivre pour étudier l'influence de la température sur la sorption de l'uranyle dans trois milieux plus ou moins complexants. Puis, des tests préliminaires ont été réalisés pour étudier la sorption de l'uranyle sur un composé d'intérêt industriel, la magnétite, en appliquant la démarche mise en place. Le solide a d'abord été caractérisé d'un point de vue massif puis les caractéristiques acido-basiques de sa mise en suspension dans les trois électrolytes (NaClO4, NaNO3 et Na2SO4) ont été étudiées en fonction de la température. Les constantes d'équilibre associées aux réactions de déprotonation des sites de surface ont été déterminées entre 25°C et 95°C par modélisation de courbes de titrages potentiométriques. Les simulations ont été effectuées en limitant au maximum le nombre de degrés de liberté du système. Le modèle 1-pK a donc été préféré au modèle 2-pK en raison du nombre de paramètres ajustables plus limité dans ce modèle. Des contraintes expérimentales telles que le pH de point de charge nulle ou les enthalpies déterminées par mesure directe des chaleurs associées par microcalorimétrie de mélange ont été imposées pour déterminer les constantes d'équilibre acido-basiques. La sorption de l'uranyle en fonction du pH sur le même intervalle de température a été étudiée en alliant l'acquisition de données macroscopiques telles que les sauts de sorption et la spéciation en solution à une étude structurale menée par analyse par spectrofluorimétrie laser permettant l'identification des espèces sorbées. La simulation des sauts de sorption permettant d'accéder aux constantes associées aux réactions de sorption a été réalisée en imposant les caractéristiques acido-basiques préalablement déterminées. Des mesures directes, par microcalorimétrie de mélange, des chaleurs mises en jeu lors de la sorption de l'uranyle ont permis de tester la validité de la loi de Van't Hoff sur ce phénomène. La même démarche a été suivie pour étudier l'influence de la température sur la sorption de l'uranyle sur la magnétite en milieu NaClO4 et NaNO3. Cependant, l'étude structurale par spectrofluorimétrie laser n'a pu être réalisée en raison de la couloration noire de la magnétite.
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Chamas, Hassan. "Etude de la localisation de nanofils de silicium sur des surfaces Si3N4 et SiO2 micro & nanostructurées." Phd thesis, INSA de Lyon, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00961229.

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Les nanofils de semiconducteurs, d'oxides métalliques ou encore les nanotubes de carbone suscitent beaucoup d'intérêt pour des applications en nanoélectronique, mais également pour le développement de nanocapteurs chimiques ou biologiques. Cet intérêt pour les capteurs est principalement motivé par les propriétés liées aux faibles dimensions radiales et aux forts ratios surface/volume de ces nano-objets qui les rendent extrêmement sensibles aux effets de surface, et par conséquent à leur environnement. Les variations de charges de surface des matériaux en fonction du milieu peuvent également être utilisées comme une voie pour l'auto-organisation de nano-objets. Ce travail s'inscrit dans cette perspective. La voie chimique explorée pour la localisation est compatible avec une intégration de nano-objets a posteriori sur une technologie CMOS silicium. Plus précisément, notre approche " Bottom Up " repose sur les variations de la charge de surface du SiO2 et du Si3N4 en fonction du pH de la solution. Après une revue de littérature sur les points de charge nulle (PZC) des différents isolants selon leurs techniques d'élaboration, nous avons étudié expérimentalement les propriétés de couches de SiO2 thermique et de Si3N4 (LPCVD). Les PZC de ces différents isolants ont été déterminés par des mesures d'impédance électrochimique réalisées sur des structures EIS et couplées avec des mesures d'angle de contact en fonction du pH. Une étude systématique en fonction du pH (1.5 à 4.5) a été réalisée et un protocole expérimental a pu être mis en place pour démontrer la localisation préférentiellement les nanofils de silicium sur Si3N4. Nous avons pu démontrer qu'une localisation quasi parfaite était possible pour un pH compris entre 3 et 3,25 conformément au modèle électrostatique proposé. Le procédé développé présente l'avantage d'être simple, reproductible et peu coûteux. Il utilise une chimie très classique à température ambiante pour localiser des nano-objets silicium sans présenter de risque pour les dispositifs CMOS des niveaux inférieurs.
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Cabuil, Valérie. "Ferrofluides a base de maghemite : synthese, proprietes physicochimiques et magneto-optiques." Paris 6, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA066001.

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Les ferrofluides etudies sont constitues de particules de maghemite solubilisees en milieu aqueux (ferrofluides ioniques) ou non aqueux (ferrofluides surfactes). Le mode de synthese permet de controler les caracteristiques des grains (taille et densite superficielle de charge)
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Ferris, Michael Raymond. "Problems in point charge electrodynamics." Thesis, Lancaster University, 2012. http://eprints.lancs.ac.uk/76343/.

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This thesis consists of two parts. In part I we consider a discrepancy in the derivation of the electromagnetic self force for a point charge. The self force is given by the Abraham-von Laue vector, which consists of the radiation reaction term proportional to the 4-acceleration, and the Schott term proportional to the 4-jerk. In the point charge framework the self force can be defined as an integral of the Lienard-Wiechert stress 3-forms over a suitably defined worldtube. In order to define such a worldtube it is necessary to identify a map which associates a unique point along the worldline of the source with every field point of the worldline. One choice of map is the Dirac time, which gives rise to a spacelike displacement vector field and a Dirac tube with spacelike caps. Another choice is the retarded time, which gives rise to a null displacement vector field and a Bhabha tube with null caps. In previous calculations which use the Dirac time the integration yields the complete self force, however in previous calculations which use the retarded time the integration produces only the radiation reaction term and the Schott term is absent. We show in this thesis that the Schott term may be obtained using a null displacement vector providing certain conditions are realized. Part II comprises an investigation into a problem in accelerator physics. In a high energy accelerator the cross-section of the beampipe is not continuous and there exist geometric discontinuities such as collimators and cavities. When a relativistic bunch of particles passes such a discontinuity the field generated by a leading charge can interact with the wall and consequently affect the motion of trailing charges. The fields acting on the trailing charges are known as (geometric) wakefields. We model a bunch of particles as a one dimensional continuum of point charges and by calculating the accumulated Lienard-Wiechert fields we address the possibility of reducing wakefields at a collimator interface by altering the path of the beam prior to collimation. This approach is facilitated by the highly relativistic regime in which lepton accelerators operate, where the Coulomb field given from the Lienard-Wiechert potential is highly collimated in the direction of motion. It will be seen that the potential reduction depends upon the ratio of the bunch length to the width of the collimator aperture as well as the relativistic factor and path of the beam. Given that the aperture of the collimator is generally on the order of millimetres we will see that for very short bunches, on the order of hundredths of a picosecond, a significant reduction is achieved.
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Li, Jiameng. "A Line from Zero." Thesis, KTH, Arkitektur, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-280175.

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Over the past years, we have made countless explorations to promote urbanisation. The whole project begins with my interest in possibility of non-urbanized area. And desert as the largest account of untouched area on earth, it is an interest topic to explore how human activities will take place in a natural context rather than urban context. The whole project begins with my interest in possibility of non-urbanizsed area. And desert, as the largest account of untouched area on earth, is an interest topic to explore how human activities will take place in a natural context rather than urban context. I started with Burningman Festival in Black Rock city. It is temporary city of 7 days located in desert. It is often reported that upon leaving Burningman, participants feel possessed of a desire to make their year-round world feel like life during the festival. So I decided to set up something to make it a longer festival site. A hiking routine with several rest station heading to the camp site came into being. In desert scale, it is a simple line pointing at the camp centre. In people scale, it hybrids the nature pattern abstracted from desert Band the strong geometric pattern. The destination steps a little higher than other points, where people can enjoy the spectacular view
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Younis, Saed G. "Asymptotically Zero Energy Computing Using Split-Level Charge Recovery Logic." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/7058.

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The dynamic power requirement of CMOS circuits is rapidly becoming a major concern in the design of personal information systems and large computers. In this work we present a number of new CMOS logic families, Charge Recovery Logic (CRL) as well as the much improved Split-Level Charge Recovery Logic (SCRL), within which the transfer of charge between the nodes occurs quasistatically. Operating quasistatically, these logic families have an energy dissipation that drops linearly with operating frequency, i.e., their power consumption drops quadratically with operating frequency as opposed to the linear drop of conventional CMOS. The circuit techniques in these new families rely on constructing an explicitly reversible pipelined logic gate, where the information necessary to recover the energy used to compute a value is provided by computing its logical inverse. Information necessary to uncompute the inverse is available from the subsequent inverse logic stage. We demonstrate the low energy operation of SCRL by presenting the results from the testing of the first fully quasistatic 8 x 8 multiplier chip (SCRL-1) employing SCRL circuit techniques.
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Eberlein, Claudia Charlott. "Zero-point fluctuations and quantum radiation by moving mirrors." Thesis, University of Sussex, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.333444.

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Books on the topic "Zero Point of Charge"

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Kosmulski, Marek. Surface charging and points of zero charge. Taylor & Francis, 2009.

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Saribun, Daud S. Hubungan kandungan mineral-mineral ordo kisaran pendek (short range order minerals) dengan muatan titik nol (zero point of charge) pada andisol: Laporan penelitian. Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Padjadjaran, 1997.

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Maloney, Mack. Target: Point zero. Pinnacle Books, 1996.

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Saʻdāwī, Nawāl. Woman at point zero. Zed Books Ltd., 1990.

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Copyright Paperback Collection (Library of Congress), ed. Battle at zero point. Ace Books, 2003.

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Saʻdāwī, Nawāl. Woman at point zero. Zed Press, 1985.

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Saʻdāwī, Nawāl. Woman at point zero. Zed, 2007.

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Bamiloye, Mike. Back to zero point. Mount Zion Publications, 2006.

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Wingman, target point zero. Kensington Pub. Corp., 1996.

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King, Moray B. Tapping the zero-point energy. Paraclete Pub., 1989.

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Book chapters on the topic "Zero Point of Charge"

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Ibanez, Jorge G., Margarita Hernandez-Esparza, Carmen Doria-Serrano, Arturo Fregoso-Infante, and Mono Mohan Singh. "The Point of Zero Charge of Oxides." In Environmental Chemistry. Springer New York, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-49493-7_5.

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Gräfe, Wolfgang. "The Surface Free Energy φ and the Point of Zero Charge Determined for the Semi-infinite Model." In Quantum Mechanical Models of Metal Surfaces and Nanoparticles. Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-19764-7_7.

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Lucas, Douglas M. "Point Zero Eight." In A Life of Crime. CRC Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429468476-3.

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Milonni, Peter W. "Zero-Point Energy." In Compendium of Quantum Physics. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-70626-7_242.

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Gooch, Jan W. "Zero-Point Energy." In Encyclopedic Dictionary of Polymers. Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6247-8_12983.

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Weik, Martin H. "zero principal point." In Computer Science and Communications Dictionary. Springer US, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-0613-6_21334.

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Silber-Coats, Noah. "Zero Point Three." In The Routledge Handbook of Post-Prohibition Cannabis Research. Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429320491-21.

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Schechter, Martin. "Zero in the Spectrum." In Critical Point Theory. Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-45603-0_8.

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Weik, Martin H. "zero transmission level point." In Computer Science and Communications Dictionary. Springer US, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-0613-6_21341.

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Morrison, C. A. "Classical Point-Charge Model." In Lecture Notes in Chemistry. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-93376-9_12.

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Conference papers on the topic "Zero Point of Charge"

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Farooq, Muhammad, and Anita Ramli. "The determination of point zero charge (PZC) of Al2O3-MgO mixed oxides." In 2011 National Postgraduate Conference (NPC). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/natpc.2011.6136447.

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Jacobson, Andrew, Janet Dewey, Murali Muraleedharan, et al. "Deviations in Point of Zero Charge with Nanoscale Pore Geometries of Synthesized Silica-Based Materials." In Goldschmidt2020. Geochemical Society, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.46427/gold2020.1163.

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Ruda, A. O., I. M. Ivanenko, and A. P. Burmak. "The Point of Zero Charge and H2O2 Decomposition Activity of Nanoporous Carbon Modified with Nitrogen and Cobalt Nanoparticles." In 2018 IEEE 8th International Conference Nanomaterials: Application & Properties (NAP). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/nap.2018.8915360.

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Nayak, Shekhar, Saurabhchand Bhati, and K. Sri Rama Murty. "Zero Resource Speaking Rate Estimation from Change Point Detection of Syllable-like Units." In ICASSP 2019 - 2019 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing (ICASSP). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icassp.2019.8683462.

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Ting, Kwun-Lon, and Xiaohong Dou. "Change-Point Configurations of RSSR and Other Bimodal Linkages." In ASME 1994 Design Technical Conferences collocated with the ASME 1994 International Computers in Engineering Conference and Exhibition and the ASME 1994 8th Annual Database Symposium. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc1994-0194.

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Abstract In this article, an analytical method is developed for finding change-point positions of RSSR and other bimodal linkages. At a change-point position, the input or output discriminant function and its derivative with respect to the input angle are equal to zero. The method is demonstrated in studying the effect of the skew distance between the joint axes to the existence of change-positions and offering the first successful systematic search of general RSSR change-point linkages. Like planar four-bar linkages, the issue of change-point linkages is pivotal to the understanding of the mobility and assemblability of the RSSR linkage and other bimodal linkages.
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Rahardjo, Pudjo, Restu Wulansari, Eko Pranoto, et al. "Growth Respone of Young Tea Plants on Andisol Soil of Gambung High Land, West Java, Indonesia Mixed With Ameliorants on Zero Point of Charge Status." In Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Islam, Science and Technology, ICONISTECH 2019, 11-12 July 2019, Bandung, Indonesia. EAI, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4108/eai.11-7-2019.2297839.

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Leemans, Adam, Martin Baker, Gunnar Tamm, et al. "Energy Security Analysis for West Point Training Camps." In ASME 2014 8th International Conference on Energy Sustainability collocated with the ASME 2014 12th International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/es2014-6682.

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The United States Military Academy has been charged with reaching Net Zero Energy consumption by 2020. Feasibility assessments to this point have neglected the field facilities used for military training, which are remote locations susceptible to power loss and subject to a higher rate structure for electricity than the rest of the installation. An energy security analysis methodology is described and applied to the training camps at West Point. This began with identifying the mission of the camps and critical power needs based on discussions with the customer, the Director of Cadet Military Training. Details of power and energy usage along with supply and delivery cost structure were provided by the utility and the facility Energy Manager. Conventional and renewable resource potentials were assessed to meet the load profile within financial constraints and funding opportunities unique to a federal government agency. The final recommendation is to incorporate three different technologies: a 50 kW photovoltaic solar system installed through a power purchase agreement, two small scale hydropower systems totaling 30 kW, and a lake based cooling system to provide air conditioning. The installation of these three systems would move the installation closer to the Net Zero Energy goal and lower the energy requirements to provide cooling. Altogether the proposed project would pay back in 16 years with an expected lifespan of 20–30 years. Batteries, generators, and pumped hydro were also examined as possible energy storage options and to shave the peak electrical load. However, the lack of on peak/off peak pricing made these options less viable. These recommendations will increase West Point’s energy security, progress towards the Net Zero Energy goal, and provide cost savings over current utility expenditures.
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Okaguchi, Hidetoshi, and Hiroshi Yabuno. "Suppression of Vibration by Using Antiresonance Point of a Dynamic Vibration Absorber." In ASME 2007 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2007-35277.

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The conventional passive dynamic absorber reduces the amplitude of the main system when the natural frequency of the absorber corresponds to the excitation frequency. The dynamic absorber produces two resonance peak. In this paper, we propose a control method of the semi-active dynamic absorber to reduce the amplitude of the main system to zero over the wide range of excitation frequency. The proposed controller has the system of real time estimation of excitation frequency by applying adaptive filter. When the excitation frequency varies, the frequency is estimated by the controller in real time and control signal is generated according to the estimated frequency. As a result, the natural frequency of the absorber is changed in real time and the amplitude of the main system is kept to zero over the wide range of excitation frequency. The performance of the proposed control method is experimentally discussed.
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9

Divekar, Prasad, Usman Asad, Xiaoye Han, Xiang Chen, and Ming Zheng. "Study of Cylinder Charge Control for Enabling Low Temperature Combustion in Diesel Engines." In ASME 2013 Internal Combustion Engine Division Fall Technical Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icef2013-19226.

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Suitable cylinder charge preparation is deemed critical for the attainment of a highly homogeneous, diluted, and lean cylinder charge which is shown to lower the flame temperature. The resultant low temperature combustion (LTC) can simultaneously reduce the NOx and soot emissions from diesel engines. This requires sophisticated coordination of multiple control systems for controlling the intake boost, exhaust gas recirculation (EGR), and fueling events. Additionally, the cylinder charge modulation becomes more complicated in the novel combustion concepts that apply port injection of low reactivity alcohol fuels to replace the diesel fuel partially or entirely. In this work, experiments have been conducted on a single cylinder research engine with diesel and ethanol fuels. The test platform is capable of independently controlling the intake boost, EGR rates, and fuelling events. Effects of these control variables are evaluated with diesel direct injection and a combination of diesel direct injection and ethanol port injection. Data analyses are performed to establish the control requirements for stable operation at different engine load levels with the use of one or two fuels. The sensitivity of the combustion modes is thereby analyzed with regard to the boost, EGR, fuel types and fueling strategies. Zero-dimensional cycle simulations have been conducted in parallel with the experiments to evaluate the operating requirements and operation zones of the LTC combustion modes. Correlations are generated between air-fuel ratio (λ), EGR rate, boost level, in-cylinder oxygen concentration and load level using the experimental data and simulation results. Development of a real-time boost-EGR set-point determination to sustain the LTC mode at the varying engine load levels and fueling strategies is proposed.
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10

Barbee, Gibson, and Philippe Westreich. "NS 999 Electric Switcher Update." In ASME 2013 Rail Transportation Division Fall Technical Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/rtdf2013-4708.

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Norfolk Southern Railway Company (NS) is developing an all-electric switching locomotive, the NS 999, to provide a zero point source emission electric locomotive option for rail switching service. The original NS 999, unveiled in September 2009, suffered from poor battery management and challenging battery packaging. The rebuilt NS 999, anticipated in the 4th quarter 2013, will be powered by Axion Power’s PbC® batteries. The Axion PbC® batteries provide increased charge/discharge cycle life and charge acceptance compared to conventional Valve Regulated Lead–Acid (VRLA) batteries, as well as increased usable energy when configured in series as ‘long strings.’ NS and Axion will review the challenges of the initial NS 999 battery management system, improvements to the battery management system, and test results from the Norfolk Southern Hybrid Locomotive Simulator using Axion’s PbC® lead–carbon hybrid battery/supercapacitor. Axion will present test data showing the low variation in strings of PbC® batteries compared to VRLA while simulating locomotive switching. PbC® batteries have a unique charging curve, known as “concave down, increasing,” which allows the batteries to self-equalize in strings. This characteristic of PbC® batteries provides for simpler battery management and reduced maintenance charging, while increasing the usable energy available within the string. The rebuilt experimental locomotive NS 999 will use Axion’s PbC® lead–carbon batteries for the energy storage system to power locomotive switching and recover braking energy. If this research is successful, a zero point source emission electric locomotive could provide an option to reduce emissions in urban non-attainment areas and reduce dependence on petroleum. The NS 999 electric switcher is the first step to the ultimate goal of recovering braking energy from high power conventional diesel locomotives.
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Reports on the topic "Zero Point of Charge"

1

Mersman, C. R. EDD-7 Electric Charge Point Meter test results. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10134504.

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2

El-Bakry, A. S., R. A. Tapia, and Y. Zhang. A Study of Indicators for Identifying Zero Variables in Interior Point Methods. Defense Technical Information Center, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada452703.

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3

Parrish, Tony, Buddy Berry, Tony Nicholson, John Dietz, and Douglas Blazer. XB3 Items with a Positive Demand Level and a Reorder Point of Zero. Defense Technical Information Center, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/adb243426.

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4

Pacific Northwest National Laboratory. HIA 2016 DOE Zero Energy Ready Home Case Study: Mandalay Homes, Cathedral Point at The Dells, Prescott, AZ. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1329110.

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5

Giles, Nancy C. Correlation of point defects in CdZnTe with charge transport:application to room-temperature x-ray and gamma-ray. Final Technical Report. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/821145.

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6

Chao, A. W., and P. L. Morton. Physical Picture of the Electromagnetic Fields Between Two Infinite Conducting Plates Produced by a Point Charge Moving at the Speed of Light. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1185181.

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