Journal articles: 'Zero-voltage-switching phase-shift-modulated DC-DC full-bridge converter'

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Lin, Bor-Ren, and Yi-Kuan Lin. "Hybrid DC-DC Converter with Low Switching Loss, Low Primary Current and Wide Voltage Operation." Energies 14, no. 9 (April 28, 2021): 2536. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14092536.

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A full-bridge converter with an additional resonant circuit and variable secondary turns is presented and achieved to have soft-switching operation on active devices, wide voltage input operation and low freewheeling current loss. The resonant tank is linked to the lagging-leg of the full bridge pulse-width modulation converter to realize zero-voltage switching (ZVS) characteristic on the power switches. Therefore, the wide ZVS operation can be accomplished in the presented circuit over the whole input voltage range and output load. To overcome the wide voltage variation on renewable energy applications such as DC wind power and solar power conversion, two winding sets are used on the output-side of the proposed converter to obtain the different voltage gains. Therefore, the wide voltage input from 90 to 450 V (Vin,max = 5Vin,min) is implemented in the presented circuit. To further improve the freewheeling current loss issue in the conventional phase-shift pulse-width modulation converter, an auxiliary DC voltage generated from the resonant circuit is adopted to reduce this freewheeling current loss. Compared to the multi-stage DC converters with wide input voltage range operation, the proposed circuit has a low freewheeling current loss, low switching loss and a simple control algorithm. The studied circuit is tested and the experimental results are demonstrated to testify the performance of the resented circuit.

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Lin, Bor-Ren, and Guan-Yi Wu. "Hybrid DC Converter with Current Sharing and Low Freewheeling Current Loss." Energies 13, no. 24 (December 15, 2020): 6631. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13246631.

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A new hybrid high-frequency link pulse-width modulation (PWM) converter using voltage balance capacitor and current balance magnetic coupling is proposed to realize low freewheeling current loss and wide load range of soft switching operation. Series-connected H-bridge converter is adopted for high voltage applications. In addition, a voltage balance capacitor and a current balance magnetic coupling core are employed for achieving voltage and current balance. To extend zero-voltage switching (ZVS) range of switches at lagging-leg of phase-shift PWM converter, soft switching LLC converter is linked to the lagging-leg of phase-shift PWM converter. Therefore, the wide ZVS load operation is realized in the presented hybrid converter. The other high freewheeling current disadvantage in conventional phase-shift PWM converter is improved by a snubber circuit used on low-voltage side. Thus, the primary current during the freewheeling state is decreased and close to zero. In addition, the conduction losses on primary-side components of studied converter are reduced. The secondary-sides of phase-shift PWM converter and LLC resonant converter are series-connected to achieve power transfer between input and output sides. Experimental results using a laboratory prototype are provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the studied circuit and control algorithm.

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Lin, Bor-Ren. "Analysis and Implementation of a Phase-Shift Pulse-Width Modulation Converter with Auxiliary Winding Turns." Energies 13, no. 1 (January 2, 2020): 222. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13010222.

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A phase-shift pulse-width modulation converter is studied and investigated for railway vehicle or solar cell power converter applications with wide voltage operation. For railway vehicle applications, input voltage range of dc converters is requested to have 30–40% voltage variation of the nominal input voltage. The nominal input voltages of dc converters on railway vehicles applications may be 37.5 V, 48 V, 72 V, 96 V and 110 V. Therefore, a new dc converter with wide input voltage operation from 25 to 150 V is presented to withstand different nominal input voltage levels such as 37.5–110 V on railway power units. To realize wide input voltage operation, an auxiliary switch and auxiliary transformer windings are used on output side of conventional full-bridge converter to have different voltage gains under different input voltage values. Phase-shift pulse-width modulation is adopted in the developed dc converter to accomplish soft switching operation on power switches. To confirm and validate the practicability of the presented converter, experiments based on a 300 W prototype were provided in this paper.

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Sayed, Khairy, Ziad M. Ali, and Mujahed Aldhaifallah. "Phase-Shift PWM-Controlled DC–DC Converter with Secondary-Side Current Doubler Rectifier for On-Board Charger Application." Energies 13, no. 9 (May 6, 2020): 2298. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13092298.

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A novel circuit topology for an on-board battery charger for plugged-in electric vehicles (PEVs) is presented in this paper. The proposed on-board battery charger is composed of three H-bridges on the primary side, a high-frequency transformer (HFT), and a current doubler circuit on the secondary side of the HFT. As part of an electric vehicle (EV) on-board charger, it is required to have a highly compact and efficient, lightweight, and isolated direct current (DC)–DC converter to enable battery charging through voltage/current regulation. In this work, performance characteristics of full-bridge phase-shift topology are analyzed and compared for EV charging applications. The current doubler with synchronous rectification topology is chosen due to its wider-range soft-switching availability over the full load range, and potential for a smaller and more compact size. The design employs a phase-shift full-bridge topology in the primary power stage. The current doubler with synchronous recitation is placed on the secondary. Over 92% of efficiency is achieved on the isolated charger. Design considerations for optimized zero-voltage transition are disused.

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Cheng, Hung Liang, Chun An Cheng, Chao Shun Chen, and Kuan Lung Huang. "Design and Implementation of a Dimmable LED Driver with Low-Frequency PWM Control." Applied Mechanics and Materials 284-287 (January 2013): 2538–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.284-287.2538.

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This paper proposes a high-efficiency dimmable LED driver for light emitting diodes (LED). The developed LED driver consists of a full-bridge resonant converter and six buck converters. The function of the full-bridge resonant converter is to obtain a smooth dc-link voltage for the buck converters by phase-shift modulation (PSM) while that of the six buck converters is to drive six LED modules, respectively. The gate voltage of the active switch of each buck converter is a combination of high-frequency and low-frequency pulses. The duty ratio of the high-frequency pulse controls the LED voltage and thereby, controls the amplitude of LED current. LEDs are dimmed by low-frequency pulse-width modulation (PWM) to vary the average current flowing through LED. Circuit equations are derived and circuit parameters are designed. High circuit efficiency is ensured by operating the active switches at zero-voltage switching-on to reduce the switching loss. Finally, a prototype circuit was built to verify the accuracy and feasibility of the proposed LED driver.

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Tsai, Cheng-Tao, and Sin-Hua Chen. "PV Power-Generation System with a Phase-Shift PWM Technique for High Step-Up Voltage Applications." International Journal of Photoenergy 2012 (2012): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/838231.

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A PV power-generation system with a phase-shift pulse-width modulation (PWM) technique for high step-up voltage applications is proposed. The proposed power-generation system consists of two stages. In the input stage, all power switches of the full-bridge converter with phase-shift technique can be operated with zero-current switching (ZCS) at turn-on or turn-off transition. Hence, the switching losses of the power switches can be reduced. Then, in the DC output stage, a voltage-doubler circuit is used to boost a high dc-link bus voltage. To supply a utility power, a dc/ac inverter is connected to induce a sinusoidal source. In order to draw a maximum power from PV arrays source, a microcontroller is incorporated with the perturbation and observation method to implement maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithm and power regulating scheme. In this study, a full load power of 300 W prototype has been built. Experimental results are presented to verify the performance and feasibility of the proposed PV power-generation system.

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Gao, Chuan, Guang Lei Jin, Ri Chen Jiang, Mu Rong Li, Masashi Ochiai, Shinji Aso, Yasunori Kobori, and Haruo Kobayashi. "A Method to Improve Switching Power Supply Efficiency at Light Load with DSP Control." Key Engineering Materials 698 (July 2016): 133–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.698.133.

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This paper discusses a digital control method for efficiency improvement of switching power circuit at light load by using C2000 Series DSP (Texas Instruments Inc.). In this work, we alter the module in DSP to adjust the link voltage between a bridgeless PFC AC/DC converter and a phase shift full bridge DC/DC converter, as well as to control the PWM frequency of power circuit in order to improve the power efficiency in a suitable way. Our experiments result show that the efficiency of the power circuit at half or light load improves by adjusting the link voltage and/or PWM frequency

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Kannan, G. "A High Frequency Converter for EV Application." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 9, no. 1 (January 1, 2018): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v9.i1.pp5-11.

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An electrical vehicle (EV) is advancing as alternative power trains for green transportation. the DC–DC converter for auxiliary power supply of electric loads .In this paper presented a new topologyof high frequency converter for electric vehicle was proposed,This converter has to be capable of handling the energy transfer from the 28V DC bus and the 550 high voltage DC bus (used for the electric traction). The control strategy is phase shift of the full bridge converter. Using this topology we reduce the switching losses. Conventional converter at two levels of voltage by only one full bridge converter using two planar transformers in high frequency the primary are coupled in parallel and the secondary are in series. We minimized the size and the weight of the converter. The high frequency converter advantages in terms of cost, efficiency, flexibility, and increased due to the possibility of easy synchronous rectification implementation.

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Lu, Ming, and Xiaodong Li. "Performance Evaluation of a Semi-Dual-Active-Bridge with PPWM Plus SPS Control." Electronics 7, no. 9 (September 9, 2018): 184. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics7090184.

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In this paper, a semi-dual-active-bridge (S-DAB) DC/DC converter with primary pulse-width modulation plus secondary phase-shifted (PPWM + SPS) control for boost conversion is analyzed in detail. Under the new control scheme, all effective operation modes are identified at first. Then, the working principle, switching behaviour, and operation range in each mode are discussed. Compared with conventional secondary phase-shifted control, PPWM + SPS control with two controllable phase-shift angles can extend the zero-voltage switching (ZVS) range and enhance control flexibility. In addition, an effective control route is also given that can make the converter achieve at the global minimum root-mean-square (RMS) current across the whole power range and avoid the voltage ringing on the transformer secondary-side at a light load. Finally, a 200 W prototype circuit is built and tested to verify correctness and effectiveness of theoretical results.

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Okilly, Ahmed H., Namhun Kim, and Jeihoon Baek. "Inrush Current Control of High Power Density DC–DC Converter." Energies 13, no. 17 (August 19, 2020): 4301. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13174301.

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This paper presents a complete mathematical design of the main components of 2 kW, 54 direct current (DC)–DC converter stage, which can be used as the second stage of the two stages of alternating current (AC)–DC telecom power supply. In this paper, a simple inrush current controlling circuit to eliminate the high inrush current, which is generated due to high input capacitor at the input side of the DC–DC converter, is proposed, designed, and briefly discussed. The proposed circuit is very easy to implement in the lab using a single metal–oxide–semiconductor field-effect transistor (MOSFET) switch and some small passive elements. PSIM simulation has been used to test the power supply performance using the value of the designed components. Furthermore, the experimental setup of the designed power supply with inrush current control is built in the lab to show the practical performance of the designed power supply and to test the reliability of the proposed inrush current mitigation circuit to eliminate the high inrush current at initial power application to the power supply circuit. DC–DC power supply with phase shift zero voltage switching (ZVS) technique is chosen and designed due to its availability to achieve ZVS over the full load range at the primary side of the power supply, which reduces switching losses and offers high conversion efficiency. High power density DC–DC converter stage with smooth current startup operation, full load efficiency over 95%, and better voltage regulation is achieved in this work.

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Singh, Rajkiran, Seyedfoad Taghizadeh, Nadia M. L. Tan, and Saad Mekhilef. "Experimental Verification of a Battery Energy Storage System for Integration with Photovoltaic Generators." Advances in Power Electronics 2017 (January 24, 2017): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/8158964.

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This paper presents the experimental verification of a 2 kW battery energy storage system (BESS). The BESS comprises a full-bridge bidirectional isolated dc-dc converter and a PWM converter that is intended for integration with a photovoltaic (PV) generator, resulting in leveling of the intermittent output power from the PV generator at the utility side. A phase-shift controller is also employed to manage the charging and discharging operations of the BESS based on PV output power and battery voltage. Moreover, a current controller that uses the d-q synchronous reference frame is proposed to regulate the dc voltage at the high-voltage side (HVS) to ensure that the voltage ratio of the HVS with low-voltage side (LVS) is equivalent to the transformer turns ratio. The proposed controllers allow fast response to changes in real power requirements and results in unity power factor current injection at the utility side. In addition, the efficient active power injection is achieved as the switching losses are minimized. The peak efficiency of the bidirectional isolated dc-dc converter is measured up to 95.4% during battery charging and 95.1% for battery discharging.

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Booma, Nagarajan, S. Rama Reddy, and M. Beryl. "Design and Simulation of Energy Efficient Fixed Frequency Pulse Controlled Power Converter for Induction Melting Application." Advanced Materials Research 768 (September 2013): 404–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.768.404.

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This paper discusses the design and simulation of pulse width modulated based circuit for induction melting application. This high frequency inverter topology have the practical advantages of energy saving, clean environment, high output power due to low switching losses, less electromagnetic noise and low total harmonic distortion. This two stage power converter has single phase full bridge rectifier, DC filter, zero voltage switching pulse width modulation controlled high frequency inverter. In this work, the steady state operation and control strategy of pulse width modulated high frequency inverter is analyzed. In order to achieve energy efficiency switching losses are reduced by operating the inverter above resonance frequency. Input side supply harmonics is also reduced using EMI filter. The simulation of the designed high frequency power supply is carried out at a frequency of 20 kHz using MATLAB simulink tool. Simulation results proof the energy saving due to reduction in switching losses of the presented control strategy and reduction in harmonic distortion of the presented power supply for induction heating load.

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Zhou, Sheng-Zhi, Xiaodong Li, Guo Chen, and Song Hu. "A Piecewise Control Strategy for a Bidirectional Series Resonant Converter." Electronics 7, no. 12 (December 2, 2018): 374. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics7120374.

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An energy storage system (ESS) plays an important part in a renewable energy generation system for stable and efficient power harvesting. To realize the function of an ESS, a bidirectional DC/DC converter with high power density and high efficiency is highly desired. In this paper, a high-frequency (HF) isolated dual-bridge series resonant converter (DBSRC) with a piecewise control strategy is proposed for an application with a wide variation of voltage gain. The proposed control strategy is based on dual-phase-shift modulation for a balance between complexity and flexibility. With this proposed control strategy, zero-voltage switching is kept for all switches on the low-voltage side and half of switches on the high-voltage side. Besides, there is no circulation energy on the low-voltage high-current side for full load operation. A step-by-step design procedure is also included to calculate the converter components and control parameters. Verification of the analysis and design are performed successfully through simulation and n experimental test. Comparisons with some existing control methods are also made experimentally, which highlights that the proposed control strategy is able to achieve comparable performance as the reported optimal current control with simpler calculation and implementation.

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Guo, Zhiqiang, Deshang Sha, Xiaozhong Liao, and Jiankun Luo. "Input-Series-Output-Parallel Phase-Shift Full-Bridge Derived DC–DC Converters With Auxiliary LC Networks to Achieve Wide Zero-Voltage Switching Range." IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics 29, no. 10 (October 2014): 5081–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tpel.2014.2309342.

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Ibrahim, Oladimeji, Nor Zaihar Yahaya, and Nordin Saad. "Phase-Shifted Full-Bridge Zero Voltage Switching DC-DC Converter Design with MATLAB/Simulink Implementation." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 8, no. 3 (June 1, 2018): 1488. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v8i3.pp1488-1497.

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Design of phase-shifted full bridge zero voltage switching DC-DC converter has been very challenging due to circuit parasitic effect on the system dynamics. This paper presents steady-state analysis and iterative approach for the systemic design of phase-shifted full bridge DC-DC converter with improved dynamic performance and satisfactory operational requirement in terms of zero-voltage switching range, operating switching frequency and switching resonance. A 3 kW DC-DC converter is designed using the iterative design approach and the system dynamics performance was investigated in the MATLAB/Simulink environment. The converter zero-voltage switching simulation results were satisfactory with 90% efficiency under full load condition.

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Ibrahim, Oladimeji, Nor Yahaya, Nordin Saad, Khairul Hasan, Nahla Shannan, Olayinka Zakariyya, and Abdulrahman Otuoze. "Parametric Modelling of Phase-Shifted Full-Bridge Zero Voltage Switching DC-DC Converter." Jordan Journal of Electrical Engineering 7, no. 1 (2021): 71. http://dx.doi.org/10.5455/jjee.204-1601668266.

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Kosenko, Roman, Andrei Blinov, Dmitri Vinnikov, and Andrii Chub. "Asymmetric snubberless current-fed full-bridge isolated DC-DC converters." Electrical, Control and Communication Engineering 14, no. 1 (July 1, 2018): 5–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ecce-2018-0001.

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Abstract This paper presents two isolated current-fed fullbridge DC-DC converters that can be used to interface a lower voltage source into a DC bus of higher voltage. The first topology uses a resonant circuit to force current redistribution between low-voltage-side transistors and a passive rectifier. The second topology utilizes an active rectifier with secondary modulation to achieve the same goal. The resonant circuit can be formed by using transformer leakage inductance and the parasitic capacitances of the switches. The converters feature soft switching of semiconductors over a wide range of operating conditions. This is achieved with decreased energy circulation when compared to existing topologies with symmetric control and with fewer semiconductors than in those with phase-shift control. The topologies can be implemented in renewable, supercapacitor, battery, fuel cell, and DC microgrid applications. Steady-state operation and design aspects of the converters are presented and verified experimentally with 400 W prototypes

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Zhao, C., S. D. Round, and J. W. Kolar. "Full-order averaging modelling of zero-voltage-switching phase-shift bidirectional DC–DC converters." IET Power Electronics 3, no. 3 (2010): 400. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/iet-pel.2008.0208.

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Kim, Min-Soo, Do-Hyun Kim, Dong-Keun Jeong, Jang-Mok Kim, and Hee-Je Kim. "Soft Start-Up Control Strategy for Dual Active Bridge Converter with a Supercapacitor." Energies 13, no. 16 (August 6, 2020): 4083. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13164083.

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Renewable energy needs are steadily on the rise. Bidirectional DC/DC converters are essential in charging and discharging various storage batteries, such as PV/ESS (photovoltaic/energy storage system). A dual active bridge (DAB) converter, in particular, transfers power in both directions by phase shift using a soiled state transformer (SST). To reduce switching inrush current in batteries under high voltages, a soft start-up is demonstrated during the initial switching operation. When a supercapacitor (SC) is used as a battery, the reverse power caused by the inrush current appears under high voltage at the DC-link side. This causes serious electrical damage to the PV/ESS’ boost converter and inverter. To suppress peak overshoot voltage and stabilize soft start-up transients, we propose a three-step soft start-up controller and algorithm for bidirectional DAB converter implementation at virtual ESS and UPS. The step-by-step control strategy by OLDC (open loop duty control), OLPSC (open loop phase shift control), and OLFC (open loop frequency control) provides a stable soft start-up operation. In the initial stage of the OLDC, the duty ratio is gradually increased by the PWM (Pulse width modulation) signal. In the middle stage, a phase difference is seen as per the voltage of the SC. The OLPSC is performed to reduce the phase difference. In the final stage, the OLFC is performed to smoothly control the small phase difference. The overshoot or inrush current is drastically suppressed toward the DC-link and SC module. Consequently, we demonstrate a proposed controller and algorithm with prototype 5 kW DAB converter.

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Han, Weijian, Ruiqing Ma, and Qing Liu. "Small-Signal Model for Dual Active Bridge Series Resonant DC-DC Converters with Variable-Frequency and Phase-Shift Modulation." Xibei Gongye Daxue Xuebao/Journal of Northwestern Polytechnical University 37, no. 4 (August 2019): 830–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/jnwpu/20193740830.

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Variable frequency and phase shift modulation can achieve zero-voltage switching (ZVS) of dual active bridge series resonant DC-DC converters(DABSRCs) over a wide operating range so as to effectively improving system efficiency and reliability. In order to study the dynamics of DABSRCs and provide the basis for the closed-loop compensator design, a continuous-time small-signal model is proposed. The generalized average modelling approach is adopted, in which the DC component of the output voltage and the fundamental component of the inductor current and resonant capacitor voltage are selected as the state variables, precisely describing impacts of the resonance on the system dynamics. On the above-mentioned basis, a closed-loop compensator is designed, which achieves the stable operation with the ZVS variable frequency and phase shift modulation. The analysis results are verified by the simulation and experimental results.

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Song, Chaochao, Alian Chen, Yiwei Pan, Chunshui Du, and Chenghui Zhang. "Modeling and Optimization of Dual Active Bridge DC-DC Converter with Dead-Time Effect under Triple-Phase-Shift Control." Energies 12, no. 6 (March 13, 2019): 973. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12060973.

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Dead-time effect has become an apparent issue in high-switching-frequency high-power dual active bridge (DAB) DC-DC converter. This paper gives a detailed analysis of phase-shift errors effect caused by dead time, including output voltage offset, soft-switching failure, optimal scheme failure, etc. Phase-shift errors effect will invalidate traditional analyses of optimal control and mislead the design of DAB converter. To overcome these drawbacks, various operating modes and an accurate transmission power model incorporating dead time under triple-phase-shift (TPS) control are developed. On this basis, an optimal TPS incorporating dead time (TPSiDT) scheme is further proposed to minimize the current stress, while guaranteeing soft-switching operation by using Lagrange multiplier method (LMM) and Genetic Algorithm (GA). The novel transmission power model can provide accurate power flow computation to avoid phase-shift errors. Therefore, in practical applications, the minimum current stress and soft-switching operation can be guaranteed, and the efficiency of DAB converter can be improved. Finally, the experimental results verify the feasibility of the proposed TPSiDT scheme.

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Wolski, Kornel, Piotr Grzejszczak, Marek Szymczak, and Roman Barlik. "Closed-Form Formulas for Automated Design of SiC-Based Phase-Shifted Full Bridge Converters in Charger Applications." Energies 14, no. 17 (August 30, 2021): 5380. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14175380.

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Phase-Shifted Full Bridge (PSFB) topology in its four-diode variant is the choice with the lowest part count in applications that demand high power, high voltage, and galvanic isolation, such as in Electric Vehicle (EV) chargers. Even though the topology is prevalent in power electronics applications, no single, unified analytical model has been proposed for the design process of four-diode PSFB converters. As a result, engineers must rely on simulations and empirical results obtained from previously built converters when selecting components to properly match the DC source voltage level with the DC load voltage requirements. In this work, the authors provide a design-oriented analysis approach for obtaining the output voltage and semiconductor current values, ready for implementation in a spreadsheet- or MATLAB-type software to automate design optimization. The proposed formulas account for all the first-order nonlinear dependencies by considering the impact of each of the following eight design parameters: DC-link voltage, load resistance, phase-shift ratio, switching frequency, transformer turns ratio, magnetizing inductance, series inductance, and output inductance. The results are verified through experiments at the power level of 10 kW and the DC-link voltage level of 800 V by using a grid simulator and a SiC-based two-level Active Front End (AFE) with a DC–DC stage based on the PSFB topology. The accuracy of the output voltage formula is determined to be around 99.6% in experiments and 100.0% in simulations. Based on this exact model, an automated design procedure for high-power high-voltage SiC-based PSFB converters is developed. By providing the desired DC-link voltage, output voltage, output power, output current ripple factor, maximum temperatures, and semiconductor and heatsink databases, the algorithm calculates a set of feasible designs and points to the one with the lowest semiconductor losses, dimensions, or cost.

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Prasetya, Toni, F. Danang Wijaya, and Eka Firmansyah. "Design of Full-bridge DC-DC Converter 311/100 V 1kW with PSPWM Method to Get ZVS Condition." International Journal of Power Electronics and Drive Systems (IJPEDS) 8, no. 1 (March 1, 2017): 59. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijpeds.v8.i1.pp59-68.

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Enhancing the switching frequency can increase the power density of a fullbridge dc-dc converter. However, power loss in switches will increase due to the intersection of voltage and current during turn-on and turn-off transition process. The switching power loss can be reduced by making the condition of zero voltage switching (ZVS) which in this study is obtained by using the phase-shifted PWM method. Achieving this condition requires appropriate parameters such as deadtime, leakage inductance, and the primary current of transformer in sufficient value. In this study, ZVS is achieved when the transformer leakage inductance of 14.12 μH is added with external inductance of 24.29 μH which is installed in series with transformer and when the primary current of transformer is more than 1.289 A.

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Chaves, E. N., G. P. Viajante, M. A. A. de Freitas, E. A. A. Coelho, M. E. Oliveira, R. Nielson, L. G. Wesz, and G. Moraes. "Design and Implementation of an IMC-1DOF Controller Applied to MPPT Photovoltaic Systems Using ZVS Full-Bridge DC-DC Converter." Renewable Energy and Power Quality Journal 19 (September 2021): 251–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.24084/repqj19.270.

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This paper presents the design of an Internal Model Control – 1 Degree of Freedom (IMC-1DOF) controller applied to a Zero Voltage Switching (ZVS) Full-Bridge DC-DC converter that will be used in photovoltaic systems for Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT), with the objective of developing a single phase micro inverter. It will be presented the mathematical modeling of this converter to control the input voltage aiming the application in MPPT and the design of the respective controller IMC-1DOF. The proposal testing and validation strategy was performed by comparison with a PI compensator. The performance of both controllers are evaluated and discussed.

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Barlik, R., M. Nowak, and P. Grzejszczak. "Power transfer analysis in a single phase dual active bridge." Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences: Technical Sciences 61, no. 4 (December 1, 2013): 809–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/bpasts-2013-0088.

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Abstract This paper presents an analysis of the power transfer between two DC circuit by use a single phase galvanically isolated dual active bridge - DAB. The analytical description of instantaneous values of the currents in both DC and in AC circuits of the DAB is done. The influence of the dead time as well as voltage drops across the transistors and diodes of the bridges is examined. The different relations between voltages of the DC circuits coupled through DAB and various phase shift ratios are considered. The analytical relations describing the average values of the currents in DC circuits are derived. These currents can be used to predict the power in both DC circuits and power losses generated in semiconductor devices of the converter. It is assumed that the voltage drops across these devices in conduction states are constant. The calculation of the transferred power as well as power losses and energy efficiency for the DAB converter power rated 5600 VA which is used to energy transfer between DC circuits 280 V and 51 V±20% is presented. The proposed relations and calculation results can be useful for preliminary evaluation of power losses generated in semiconductor devices and for design of the cooling system. Due to the high switching frequency of 100 kHz, the phase shift modulation for the control of DAB is used. To validate the theoretical investigations a few experimental results are presented.

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Yang, Fang, Zhao Hui Liu, and Jian Wei Zhang. "Design of Resonant Soft-Switching Grid-Connected Inverter." Applied Mechanics and Materials 263-266 (December 2012): 43–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.263-266.43.

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This paper discusses the topology requirements of the small power photovoltaic grid-connected inverter,and introduces several typical topologies,moreover,points out the advantages and disadvantages,efficiency and applicable occasions of the various topologies. In this paper,a single-phase full-bridge grid-connected inverter topology(DC/AC) is designed. The soft-switching technology is employed on the topology for reducing switching loss. The topology can realizes zero voltage switching when the main switch turns on and turns off and zero current switching when auxiliary switch and the power diode turns on and turns off.The converter has higher efficiency than other topologies.

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Fan, Xue Xin, Zhen Xie, Fei Xiao, and Rui Tian Wang. "Study of PI Adaptive Non-Linear Control Strategy Based on CCM/DCM Fast Identification for DC/DC Converter." Applied Mechanics and Materials 380-384 (August 2013): 302–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.380-384.302.

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An isolated three-level H-bridge high-capacity DC/DC converter is a good solution for transferring energy from middle-voltage network to low-voltage network. The transformer can be smaller and lighter with high working frequency, so phase shift Pulse-Width Modulation (PWM) is used by converter. The small signal model has been built by theoretical derivation and verified by simulation when the converter working on Continuous Conduction Mode (CCM) and Discontinuous Conduction Mode (DCM). The analyze results indicated that the mathematic models and dynamic properties were different when converter working in disparate mode. Therefore, the PI parameters of the controller can be hardly chosen to reach the excellent dynamic performance when the converter meets the large disturbance of mode change. That is, you can hardly find a group of PI parameters for converter working well in all load range. Aiming at it, A PI adaptive non-linear control strategy based on CCM/DCM fast identification has been proposed. The fast mode identification was based on inductor voltage characters, and the mode information wound send out in less than a switching period. So, the PI parameters can be instantaneous changed by mode signal to achieve the best dynamic property. The operation principle and analyze result of the control strategy is verified by the prototype at last.

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Wang, Yingjie, Bo Yang, Huifang Zuo, Haiyuan Liu, and Haohao Yan. "A DC Short-Circuit Fault Ride Through Strategy of MMC-HVDC Based on the Cascaded Star Converter." Energies 11, no. 8 (August 10, 2018): 2079. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en11082079.

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A modular multilevel converter based high voltage direct current (MMC-HVDC) with DC fault self-clearing is adopted to deal with the DC short-circuit fault. However, the constant power load characteristic of the sub-modules causes capacitor voltages to diverge and the converter to go out of hot standby. To address this problem, a novel DC short-circuit fault ride through strategy is proposed. According to the polarities of grid voltages, the working or blockage of the upper and lower bridge arms is chosen according to six sections to obtain a cascaded star converter. The capacitor voltages of MMC sub-modules are maintained and balanced through the control similar to the cascaded star converter. Moreover, in order not to change zero crossing, a cluster balancing control method by scaling the amplitudes of the modulated waves is proposed to balance the capacitor voltages between phase clusters. The strategy also achieves the DC Bus line-to-line equipotential and no fault current generated. With the switches of two modes (normal operation and fault ride through operation) after the fault is cleared, the power transfer of MMC-HVDC can be recovered quickly. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed fault ride through strategy is demonstrated on the 21-level MMC-HVDC simulation model in PSCAD/EMTDC.

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Lara, Jorge, Lesedi Masisi, Concepcion Hernandez, Marco A. Arjona, and Ambrish Chandra. "Novel Five-Level ANPC Bidirectional Converter for Power Quality Enhancement during G2V/V2G Operation of Cascaded EV Charger." Energies 14, no. 9 (May 5, 2021): 2650. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14092650.

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This paper presents a novel single-phase (SP) active-neutral point clamped (ANPC) five-level bidirectional converter (FLBC) for enhancing the power quality (PQ) during the grid-to-vehicle (G2V) and vehicle-to-grid (V2G) operation of an electric vehicle (EV) charger connected in series. This EV charger is based on a dual-active half-bridge DC-DC converter (DAHBC) with a high frequency isolation transformer. Unlike the comparable ANPC topologies found in literature, the proposed one has two more switches, i.e., ten instead of eight. However, with the addition of these components, the proposed multilevel converter not only becomes capable of properly balancing the voltage of the DC-link split capacitors under various step-changing conditions but it achieves a better efficiency, a lower stress of the switching devices and a more even distribution of the power losses. The resulting grid-tied ANPC-SPFLBC and DAHBC are accurately controlled with a cascaded control strategy and a single-phase shift (SPS) control technique, respectively. The simulation results obtained with MATLAB-SimPowerSystems as well as the experimental results obtained in laboratory validate the proposed ANPC-SPFLBC for a set of exhaustive tests in both V2G and G2V modes. A detailed power quality analysis carried out with a Fluke 43B alike demonstrates the good performance of the proposed topology.

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Yin, Jian, Jian Lu, Yitao Liu, Jianchun Peng, and Hui Jiang. "Novel Phase-Shift Method for Fast Power Reversal with Transient Zero Voltage Switching in a Bidirectional Dual Active Bridge DC-DC Converter." IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 2020, 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tie.2020.3013549.

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"Design and Construction of an Inverter for University ICT Loads." International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering 8, no. 6 (March 30, 2020): 374–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.35940/ijrte.e6338.038620.

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In trying to restore a stable power generation in this part of the world for effective research studies and to improve administrative duties in the University of Nigeria Nsukka, this paper discusses the design and construction of a single phase inverter for information communication and technology equipment’s (ICT) which includes printers, computers, and network switches etc. The inverter system converts the DC voltage from a battery to AC voltage. The output is a pure sine wave, with the voltage and frequency of the standard grid (50Hz, 230V). A pulse width modulated (PWM) switching scheme together with a full bridge converter and filter is use to realize this design. The sinusoidal pulse width modulation (SPWM) switching scheme is the main logic control circuit of this inverter and provides a PWM output using operational amplifiers and microcontroller. This logic circuit is connected to a driver circuit to ensure sufficient gate driving current and voltage for the full bridge converter (H-bridge) switches (power MOSFET). The pulse signals are used to drive MOSFET in a H-bridge configuration to produce an output that is bipolar The output of this inverter switches from positive to negative (bipolar). This output from the MOSFET when filtered produces a sine wave output. This project is implemented and simulated using MATLAB simulation software.

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