Academic literature on the topic 'Zimbabwe Chimurenga War'
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Journal articles on the topic "Zimbabwe Chimurenga War"
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Gwerevende, Solomon. "Musicking ubuntu/unhu Sustainability Human Rights and Social Justice Activism in the Chimurenga Music of Thomas Mapfumo." Africa Insight 51, no. 4 (2023): 19–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ai.v51i4.3.
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During the Second Chimurenga – Zimbabwe Liberation War – music was used to promote social justice and fight the oppressive colonial system. The struggle for justice for all was driven by the spirit of ubuntu/unhu, which embraces the capacity of indigenous African cultures to express humanity, respect, solidarity, and justice relevant to building an inclusive community. Chimurenga music, performed and popularised by Thomas Mapfumo who coined the term in the 1960s, played an important role during the liberation struggle, delivering messages on socio-political concerns, and engaging Zimbabweans on the issues of human rights, corruption, democracy, resistance, and economic transformation. This article discusses the use of Mapfumo’s Chimurenga music in post-colonial Zimbabwe as socio-political discourse and a dialogue generator for sustainability
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Cox, James. "Land Crisis in Zimbabwe." Fieldwork in Religion 1, no. 1 (2005): 35–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1558/firn.v1i1.35.
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Earlier this year, I received a small grant from the Edinburgh University Development Trust Fund to determine the feasibility of formulating a major research project exploring the religious dimensions within the recent land resettlement programme in Zimbabwe. Since spirit mediums had played such an important role in the first Shona uprising in 1896–97 against colonial occu¬pation (the so-called First Chimurenga) (Parsons, 1985: 50-51) and again in the war of liberation between 1972 and 1979 (the Second Chimurenga) (Lan, 1985), I suspected that these central points of contact between the spirit world and the living communities would be affecting the sometimes militant invasions of white commercial farms that began sporadically in 1998, but became systematic after the constitutional referendum of February 2000. Under the terms of the grant, I went with my colleague, Tabona Shoko of the University of Zimbabwe, in July and August 2004, to two regions of Zimbabwe: Mount Darwin in the northeast, where recent activities by war veterans and spirit mediums had been reported, and to the Mberengwa District, where land resettlement programmes have been widespread. This article reports on my preliminary findings in Mount Darwin, where I sought to determine if evidence could be found to link the role of Traditional Religion, particularly through spirit mediums, to the current land redistribution programme, and, if so, whether increasing levels of political intolerance within Zimbabwean society could be blamed, in part at least, on these customary beliefs and practices
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Fontein, Joost. "Shared Legacies of the War: Spirit Mediums and War Veterans in Southern Zimbabwe." Journal of Religion in Africa 36, no. 2 (2006): 167–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/157006606777070687.
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AbstractThis paper explores the nature of ongoing relationships between war veterans and spirit mediums in Zimbabwe, as well as the continuing salience of a shared chimurenga legacy of co-operation by these two groups, and how it has been put to use, and acted out by both in the context of Zimbabwe's recent fast track land reform project. In emphasising this continuity, the paper also considers whether a corresponding disparity between the ideology of the ruling political elite and the practices, experiences and performances of guerrillas, spirit mediums and others acting on the ground, which materialised during the liberation struggle, has re-emerged, despite or alongside the recent collaboration of some war veterans with the ruling party's rhetoric of 'patriotic history'. Engaging with Lambek's work on moral subjectivity and Mbembe's 'logic of conviviality' of postcolonial states and their subjects, it argues that war veterans and spirit mediums sometimes share a 'moral conviviality' which appears during bira possession ceremonies, in the shared demands for the return and reburial of the war dead from foreign countries, or for 'national' ceremonies held at Great Zimbabwe and elsewhere to thank the ancestors, as well as in the similar way in which spirit mediums and war veterans subject their agency to that of the ancestors in their narrative performances. It concludes by suggesting that although many war veterans have undeniably been closely complicit in the violent 'authoritarian nationalism' of the state, in this shared war legacy of spirit mediums and war veterans lies the opportunity for radical alternative imaginations of the state.
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Chibanda, Tawanda William. "THIRD CHIMURENGA AND ITS IMPLICATIONS ON THE COMMERCIAL FARMERS UNION IN ZIMBABWE." Journal of Public Administration and Development Alternatives 5, no. 2 (2020): 36–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.55190/wbyj3702.
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This article focuses on how the white farmers responded to violent take-over of land. Having had a privileged status in society, the white farmers found themselves in a very fragile state as Third Chimurenga began. The violent take-over of land was spearheaded by war veterans. Images of white farmers who were beaten, killed, exiled and driven from their homes became synonymous with land invasions. Such events and acts of eviction became commonly referred to as Jambanja as more and more farmers suffered violent confrontations on their farms. The white farmers were portrayed as being in direct opposition to the government land distribution agenda that had given approval to the invasions and evictions. The article examine the effectiveness of Commercial Farmers Union in responding to the invasions, the new splinter groups and how they responded to the invasions and also the SADC tribunal petition by Mike Campbell. The article will also provide an analysis on how Jambanja spread and how it was carried out. Thus through reading library sources and literature in collections as well as carrying out interviews this article seeks to demonstrate that white farmers tried without much success to resist the sanctioned farm invasions. Ultimately the white farmers lost their prized possession that is the land. The article will highlight the dynamics of land politics in Zimbabwe. Keywords: Commercial Farmers Union, Implications, Jambanja, Land Politics, Third Chimurenga
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Da Silva, Meyre Ivone. "Modernity, Representation of Violence, and Women’s Rebellion in Dangaremba’s Nervous Conditions." Genealogy 3, no. 2 (2019): 22. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genealogy3020022.
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In 1980, after decades of violent war, the apartheid regime came to an end, Zimbabwe was declared an independent state, and Robert Mugabe’s party the Zimbabwean African Union–Patriotic Front (ZANU-PF) ascended to power. While black leaders concentrated on the struggle against the tyranny of racial segregation, independence did not challenge gender hierarchies or minimize patriarchal privilege. Women soldiers who participated in the guerrillas were excluded from the spheres of power and relegated to poverty and invisibility. Here, I analyze how Dangaremba’s novel Nervous Conditions unveils women’s response to multiple forms of violence that target their bodies and minds. Although Dangaremba does not refer explicitly to the Chimurenga, also known as the bush war, in the novel, the sadness, bitterness, and sentiment of betrayal subsume women’s feeling about their absence in the construction of a new nation. For women writers, the representation of violence, through a feminine and postcolonial perspective, opens up creative ways to pursue textual liberation, thus defying literary genre and literary forms often very connected to systems of power. In this sense, her narrative instills in the reader the sentiment which evolves from women’s condition in the novel.
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Matiza, Vimbai M., and David Mutasa. "War songs and hope during the Second Chimurenga in Zimbabwe: a critical discourse analysis approach." South African Journal of African Languages 40, no. 3 (2020): 351–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02572117.2020.1855729.
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Mtombeni, Niya, and Vimbai Matiza. "Documentation and Memorialisation of the First Battles against Colonisation in Zimbabwe." Journal of Law and Social Sciences 4, no. 3 (2022): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.53974/unza.jlss.4.3.757.
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The first few years of British occupation in Zimbabwe was characterised by power struggle between the indigenous population groups who were dissatisfied with systematic settler style of dispossessing them of their wealth and power. The result was local and regional wars, (Rebellions/ Uprisings/ Umvhukela/ 1st Chimurenga). After the war, the British South African Company (BSAC) documented and memorialised most prominent battles of the conflict and yet the indigenous people who could not read and write could not do the same. The article seeks to motivate Zimbabweans to recognise the participation of the indigenous people into this conflict as a historic event whose documentation and memorialisation is an important component of the liberation heritage of Zimbabwe. The documentation and memorialisation of the conflict by the other belligerent is enough authentication that the indigenous people staged a brave and heroic fight which doubtlessly was characterised by commitment to a genuine cause of the black people to protect their birth right. It is only the inability to read and write of our ancestry which has mandated us to accept the description of the era as a dark history, which is worthy documentation and memorialisation for the benefit of the present and future generation. The researchers employed qualitative research method of acquiring data through desktop research and observation techniques. The article came to conclusion that the war between Zimbabwe and the then Rhodesia and their opponents should be documented so as to assist the present generation appreciate the history of the nation and preserve their heritage.
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Mlambo, Obert Bernard, and Tavengwa Gwekwerere. "Names, labels, the Zimbabwean Liberation War veteran and the third Chimurenga: the language and politics of entitlement in post-2000 Zimbabwe." African Identities 17, no. 2 (2019): 130–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14725843.2019.1660619.
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Maganga, Allan T., Charles Tembo, and Peterson Dewah. "SINGING THE SECOND CHIMURENGA (WAR OF LIBERATION): AN AFROCENTRIC ELUCIDATION OF SIMON CHIMBETU’S SELECTED SONGS." Oral History Journal of South Africa 3, no. 1 (2016): 32–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.25159/2309-5792/331.
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Oral sources such as proverbs, songs and folktales have been used to reconstruct people’s identities. As a primary ‘means of communication’ music is often used to capture or record peoples’ experiences in history. In Zimbabwe, Simon Chimbetu exemplifies one musician who is in search of his country’s past in as far as he uses his music to record the history of the liberation struggle. This paper provides an in-depth examination of Chimbetu’s selected songs. Singing after the war itself is over, it is argued, the music functions as a reference point to the citizens because it is a transcript of their past experiences something which is essential to the present and future generations. By insisting on educating his audiences on the liberation struggle, Chimbetu satisfies Sankofan approach. It is argued in this paper that Chimbetu’s musical reflections provide enriching experiences and reveals that it is historical music.
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Mararike, Munoda. "Theoretical Locations of Mugabeism, Land “Terrorism,” and Third Chimurenga Neo-Coloniality Discourse in Zimbabwe: A Rejoinder of a Revolutionary." Journal of Black Studies 49, no. 3 (2018): 191–211. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0021934717750328.
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The subject of coloniality is a phenomenon of consciousness. It explores belief systems, culture, and ethics using conviction and rhetorical force. Mugabe is good at captivating rhetoric. His sophisticated philosophical conundrum derives from modernity, emancipation as it looks at land as a political and economic structure of decolonization. Thus, in him, the belief of self-consciousness and conviction leads to positive confrontation and violence. Peace is universally known to be a product of protracted violence. Zimbabwe went through a war of colonial genocide and mass massacres in the Second Chimurenga. Mugabe’s decolonial agenda is an epistemological extension of coloniality and neo-colonial struggles originated and revisited by Amilcar Cabral, Frantz Fanon, Walter Rodney, Che Guevara, Fidel Castro, and Samora Machel. Mugabeism thrives on instilling fear into the perpetrators of violence and imperialism by using rhetoric. The doctrine—therefore—reaffirms emancipation and empowerment through postcolonial agrarian revolution rather than “land grabs.” Its magnetic effect is like opposite poles of a magnet—revolutionary versus dictatorship—sharply in contra-distinction with repression, barbarism, and cannibalism. Mugabeism means working toward a common vision of human life for Africans, it means emancipation and freedom. It is a life which is not dependent on an imposed superstructure of oppression of Blacks by Caucasians.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Zimbabwe Chimurenga War"
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Horn, Mark Philip Malcolm. ""Chimurenga" 1896-1897: a revisionist study." Thesis, Rhodes University, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002398.
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There were no "Rebellions" in 1896-7. The concept of "risings" which is to be found in the European perspective of the escalated violence has distorted an understanding of the complex nature of the events. The events of 1896-7 must rather be explained through an examination of the details of the conflict. European pressure on the African people prior to 1896 was minimal and cannot be assumed to be the "cause" of the first "Chimurenga". There was no planned, organised or coordinated "rebellion" in Matabeleland in March 1896. Further, no distinction can be made between a "March" rebellion in Matabeleland and a June "rebellion" in Mashonaland. A European war of conquest in 1896-7 evoked the responce known now as the first "Chimurenga". It was the war of conquest of 1896-7 which saw the ascendancy of the European perspective over the African and thereby established the psychological foundations of the Rhodesian colonial state. The complex nature of the events of 1896-7 is to be understood through an appreciation of the different perspectives of those who became embroiled in the conflict.
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Lyons, Tanya. "Guns and guerrilla girls : women in the Zimbabwean National Liberation struggle." Title page, abstract and contents only, 1999. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phl9918.pdf.
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Bibliography: leaves 290-311. This study investigates the roles and experiences of "women warriors" in Zimbabwe's anti-colonial national liberation war, and reveals certain glorifications which have served to obscure and silence the voices of thousands of young girls and women involved in the struggle. The problems associated with the inclusion of women in an armed/military guerrilla force are discussed, and the (re)presentation of women in discourses of war, fictional accounts, public and national symbols and other multiple discursive layers which have re-inscribed the women back into the domestic examined. The Zimbabwean film Flame highlights the political sensitivity of the issues, including accusations of rape by male comrades in guerrilla training camps. An overview of women's involvement in Zimbabwean history, anti-colonial struggle, and the African nationalist movement provides the background for a critique of western feminist theories of nationalism and women's liberation in Africa. Historical records are juxtaposed with the voices of some women ex-combatants who speak their reasons for joining the struggle and their experiences of war. White Rhodesian women's roles are also examined in light of the gendered constructions of war.
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Sibanda, Lovemore. "Who is Who in Zimbabwe's Armed Revolution? Representation of the ZAPU/ZIPRA and the ZANU/ZANLA in High School History Textbooks Narratives of the Liberation War." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2019. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1505182/.
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The liberation war was a watershed event in the history of Zimbabwe. According to the ZANU PF (Zimbabwe African National Union Patriotic Front) ruling elites, an understanding of the common experiences of the people during the liberation war provides the best opportunity to mold a common national identity and consciousness. However, the representation of important historical events in a nation's history is problematic. At best events are manipulated for political purposes by the ruling elites, and at the worst they are distorted or exaggerated. In Zimbabwe, the representation of the ZAPU/ZIPRA and the ZANU/ZANLA as liberation movements in high school history textbooks during the armed struggle is a hot potato. This study critically examined and explored the contested "representational practices" of the ZAPU/ZIPRA and the ZANU/ZANLA as liberation movements during the Zimbabwean armed revolution. By means of qualitative content analysis, seven high school history textbooks from Zimbabwe were analyzed. Drawing from postcolonial perspectives and insights, particularly Fanon's concept of the pitfall of national consciousness, the study unveiled the way in which Zimbabwean high school textbooks portrayed the ZAPU/ZIPRA and the ZANU/ZANLA as very different liberation movements whose roles and contributions were unequal. High school textbooks depicted the ZANU/ZANLA as a radical revolutionary and people-oriented liberation movement totally committed to the armed struggle and the ZAPU/ZIPRA as a moderate party not dedicated to the armed revolution. In a nutshell, the high school history textbooks glorified and celebrated the political and military achievements of the ZANU/ZANLA and suppressed while not completely ignoring those of the ZAPU/ZIPRA. Although the findings of this study will not solve the problem of high school textbooks (mis) representation of the roles and contributions of the ZAPU/ZIPRA and the ZANU/ZANLA in the armed struggle, the study can serve as a "tool of resistance" by exposing the continual abuse and misuse of history education by postcolonial ruling elites to preservice teachers, classroom teachers, teacher education programs and textbook publishers.
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Farnia, Navid. "National Liberation in an Imperialist World: Race and the U.S. National Security State, 1959-1980." The Ohio State University, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1563474429728204.
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Jenjekwa, Vincent. "A toponymic perspective on Zimbabwe’s post-2000 land reform programme (Third Chimurenga)." Thesis, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/25305.
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Text in English<br>This qualitative study presents an onomastic perspective on the changing linguistic landscape of Zimbabwe which resulted from the post-2000 land reforms (also known as the Third Chimurenga). When veterans of Zimbabwe’s War of Liberation assumed occupancy of former white-owned farms, they immediately pronounced their take-over of the land through changes in place names. The resultant toponymic landscape is anchored in the discourses of the First and Second Chimurenga. Through recasting the Chimurenga (war of liberation) narrative, the proponents of the post-2000 land reforms endeavoured to create a historical continuum from the colonisation of Zimbabwe in 1890 to the post-2000 reforms, which were perceived as an attempt to redress the historical anomaly of land inequality. The aim of this study is to examine toponymic changes on the geo-linguistic landscape, and establish the extent of the changes and the post-colonial identity portrayed by these place names. Within the case study design, research methods included in-depth interviews, document study and observations as means of data generation. Through the application of critical and sociolinguistic theories in the form of post-colonial theory, complemented by geo-semiotics, political semiotics and language ecology, this study uncovers the richness of toponymy in exposing a cryptic social narrative reflective of, among others, contestations of power. The findings indicate that post-2000 toponymy is a complex mixture of pre-colonial, colonial and post-colonial place names. These names recast the various narratives in respect of the history of Zimbabwe through the erasure of colonial toponyms and resuscitation older Chimurenga names. The resultant picture portrayed by post-2000 toponymy communicates a complex message of contested land ownership in Zimbabwe. There is a pronounced legacy of colonial toponymy that testifies to the British Imperial occupation of the land and the ideologies behind colonisation. This presence of colonial toponymy many years after independence is an ironic confirmation of the indelible legacy of British colonialism in Zimbabwe. The findings show a clear recasting of the discourses of violence and racial hostility, but also reveal an interesting trend of toponymic syncretism where colonial names are retained and used together with new names.<br>Linguistics and Modern Languages<br>D. Litt. et Phil. (Linguistics)
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Pfukwa, Charles. "The function and significance of war names in the Zimbabwean armed conflict (1966-1979)." Thesis, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/3155.
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This study is a survey of war names adopted by guerrillas during the
Zimbabwean conflict (1966-1979). The study collects, describes and
analyses war names that were used by ZANLA guerrillas in the conflict. It
explores onomastic patterns and processes that influenced these war
names. Names collected from textual sources and from interviews of
former guerrillas are analysed and classified into nine categories. One of
the main findings is that the background of the namer influenced the
naming patterns and processes identified in the study. Another finding is
that most guerrillas named themselves and it was also observed that some
guerrillas have retained their names. The findings, analysed within the
theoretical framework developed earlier from the onomastic and identity
theories, indicate that the war name plays a vital role not only in
concealing the old identity of the guerrilla but also in creating new
identities, which were used as weapons for challenging the enemy and
contesting space. Onomastic erasure and resuscitation are proposed as
partial explanation for the creation of some war names. The study
contributes to onomastic research not only in that it has produced a large
corpus of war names that can be used for further research in that it is a
significant point of reference in onomastic research in Zimbabwe and in
southern Africa, especially in the area of nicknames and war names. It also
lays the foundation for further research on the role of naming patterns and
processes in peace building and conflict resolution in Zimbabwe, on the
southern African subcontinent and elsewhere.<br>Thesis (D. Litt et Phil.)
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Alexander, Pauline Ingrid. "A story that would (O)therwise not have been told." Diss., 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/1764.
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My mini-dissertation gives the autobiography of Talent Nyathi, who was born in rural Zimbabwe in 1961. Talent was unwillingly conscripted into the Zimbabwean Liberation Struggle. On her return to Zimbabwe, she has worked tirelessly for the education of her compatriots.
Talent's story casts light on subject-formation in conditions of difficulty, suffering and victimization. Doubly oppressed by her race and gender, Talent has nevertheless shown a remarkable capacity for self-empowerment and the empowerment of others.
Her story needs to be heard because it will inspire other women and other S/subjects and because it is a corrective to both the notions of a heroic Struggle and the `victim' stereotype of Africa.
Together with Talent's autobiography, my mini-dissertation offers extensive notes that situate her life story in the context of contemporary postcolonial, literary and gender theory and further draws out the significance of her individual `history-from-below'.<br>English Studies<br>M.A.
Books on the topic "Zimbabwe Chimurenga War"
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Pandya, Paresh. Mao Tse-tung and chimurenga: An investigation into Zanu's strategies. Skotaville Publishers, 1988.
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Ellert, H. The Rhodesian front war: Counter-insurgency and guerrilla war in Rhodesia, 1962-1980. Mambo Press, 1993.
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Ellert, H. The Rhodesian front war: Counter-insurgency and guerrilla war in Rhodesia, 1962-1980. Mambo Press, 1989.
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Ellert, H. The Rhodesian front war: Counter-insurgency and guerrilla war in Rhodesia, 1962-1980. Mambo Press, 1993.
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Raeburn, Michael. Black fire!: Accounts of the guerrilla war in Zimbabwe. Zimbabwe Pub. House, 1986.
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Catholic Commission for Justice and Peace in Zimbabwe. The man in the middle: Torture, resettlement & eviction ; and, Civil war in Rhodesia. Catholic Commission for Justice and Peace in Zimbabwe, 1999.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Zimbabwe Chimurenga War"
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Helliker, Kirk, Sandra Bhatasara, and Manase Kudzai Chiweshe. "The Third Chimurenga: Party-State and War Veterans." In Fast Track Land Occupations in Zimbabwe. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-66348-3_7.
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Álvarez, Miguel Madueño, and Julio Alfonso Gonzalez. "The Rhodesian War (1965-1980)." In Examining Colonial Wars and Their Impact on Contemporary Military History. IGI Global, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-6684-7040-4.ch015.
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The Rhodesian War (1965-1980), known to Anglo-Saxons as The Bush War and to Zimbabweans as the Second Chimurenga conflict or War of Liberation, was the conflict that pitted Ian Smith's unilateral white minority government against pro-independence Zimbabwean guerrillas supported by various communist countries. The nature of the conflict, which was characterized for the small number of combatants, the isolation of the Rhodesian regime, the presence of guerrillas, and the difficulties in obtaining materials, led to the mechanisms of counter-insurgency warfare being set in motion. In this text, the different characteristic elements of this type of warfare have been analysed in terms of combat tactics and military operations, the kind of troops, and the weaponry used as an example of a counterinsurgency conflict.