Journal articles: 'Zimbabwe – Poilitics and government'

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Bessant, Leslie, and William A. Masters. "Government and Agriculture in Zimbabwe." International Journal of African Historical Studies 29, no. 1 (1996): 155. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/221436.

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Mazorodze, Brian. "Government expenditure and economic growth in Zimbabwe." African Journal of Business and Economic Research 13, no. 2 (August 27, 2018): 183–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.31920/1750-4562/2018/v13n2a9.

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Bvirindi, Jeremiah. "Decentralising Local Government in Zimbabwe: Prospects and Impediments." International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications (IJSRP) 9, no. 9 (September 24, 2019): p93105. http://dx.doi.org/10.29322/ijsrp.9.09.2019.p93105.

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Kapesa, Tonderai, Gift Mugano, and Houdini Fourie. "Financing public infrastructure in Zimbabwe: Current trends and future alternatives." Public and Municipal Finance 10, no. 1 (September 3, 2021): 82–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/pmf.10(1).2021.07.

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Zimbabwe requires USD2 billion annually until 2032 for financing economic infrastructure. However, the Government of Zimbabwe currently affords about 20% of this financing requirement leaving an 80% gap. The aim of the study was to establish the main sources of finance for economic public infrastructure and recommend alternative financing sources to supplement the current sources. The qualitative descriptive study collected primary data through 23 interviews conducted with officials from ministries of the Government of Zimbabwe, government departments and parastatal enterprises. Secondary data was obtained from documentary analysis. The study revealed bilateral loans from the China Exim Bank as the main source of finance for economic infrastructure, contributing USD2.1 billion whilst budget appropriations from the Government of Zimbabwe contributed USD1 billion during the 10-year period under study. Infrastructure finance was also obtained from development partners (USD200 million) and commercial and multilateral lenders (USD400 million). The study recommends developing a framework that promotes and protects private sector and/or innovative financiers of infrastructure through policy stability.

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Rakodi, C. "Urban Land Policy in Zimbabwe." Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space 28, no. 9 (September 1996): 1553–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/a281553.

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Related to the functions of the central state and local state, a range of interventions in the urban land-development process may be pursued. Typically, policies and practices related to land are devised at different times for different purposes and are administered by different agencies. Rarely are the relationships between them, their implementation, and their overall impact considered systematically, especially for developing countries. In this paper I evaluate urban land policy in Zimbabwe. I consider tenure, land-use planning and development control, taxation, and direct public sector intervention in the land market. Particular attention is given to the local administrative context and to the relationship between central and local government as portrayed in the paths of land delivery for private developers, municipalities, and central government. The overall conclusion is that Zimbabwe's urban land administration system works effectively. However, it is formal and complex, which is restricting its ability to play an appropriate role in catering for rapid urban growth and the needs of low-income residents.

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Chiguvi, Douglas, Ruramayi Tadu, and Zenzo Dube. "Critical Success Factors in Customer Relationship Management Strategy in the Local Government Authorities in Zimbabwe." International Journal of Marketing Studies 11, no. 4 (November 23, 2019): 99. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ijms.v11n4p99.

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The aim of the study was to identify critical success factors in customer relationship management strategy success in the local government authorities in Zimbabwe. A thorough abridgment of the literature was conducted, mainly to understand the nature and structure of local government authorities in Zimbabwe as well as to identify critical success factors in CRM strategy success. A Meta-analysis methodology was employed and explanatory research approach was adopted by means of a survey strategy. 197 questionnaires have been collected from twenty-one local government authorities in Zimbabwe. The findings of the study revealed that all of the ten critical success factors are significant and positively linked to CRM strategy success. Furthermore, the statistical tests show that success and failure of CRM strategy success are highly dependent on four major critical success factors including Implementation Approach, Change Management, Metrics and Implementation Strategy. However, process design and Buy-in Approach and Adoption have low significance impact in CRM strategy success in local government authorities in Zimbabwe. The results of the data analysis led to the creation of a framework which outlines the critical success factors in CRM strategy success in local government authorities in Zimbabwe and the CRM implementation Index which need to be followed before implementing the CRM strategy. This study has clearly indicated that customer relationship management forms a powerful strategy that local government authorities should apply to manage long-term relationships with their key stakeholders.

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Chiguvi, Douglas, Ruramayi Tadu, and Moreblessing Ngwenya. "Key Factors in Customer Relationship Management Strategy Success in the Local Government Authorities." Applied Economics and Finance 6, no. 4 (June 24, 2019): 72. http://dx.doi.org/10.11114/aef.v6i4.4341.

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The aim of the study was to identify critical success factors in customer relationship management strategy success in the local government authorities in Zimbabwe. A thorough abridgment of the literature was conducted, mainly to understand the nature and structure of local government authorities in Zimbabwe as well as to identify critical success factors in CRM strategy success. A Meta-analysis methodology was employed and explanatory research approach was adopted by means of a survey strategy. 197 questionnaires have been collected from twenty one local government authorities in Zimbabwe. The findings of the study revealed that all of the ten critical success factors are significant and positively linked to CRM strategy success. Furthermore, the statistical tests show that success and failure of CRM strategy success are highly dependent on four major critical success factors including Implementation Approach, Change Management, Metrics and Implementation Strategy. However, process design and Buy-in Approach and Adoption have low significance impact in CRM strategy success in local government authorities in Zimbabwe. The results of the data analysis led to the creation of a framework which outlines the critical success factors in CRM strategy success in local government authorities in Zimbabwe and the CRM implementation Index which need to be followed before implementing the CRM strategy. This study has clearly indicated that customer relationship management forms a powerful strategy that local government authorities should apply to manage long-term relationships with their key stakeholders.

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Sibanda, Lovemore. "Zimbabwe Language Policy: Continuity or Radical Change?" Journal of Contemporary Issues in Education 14, no. 2 (December 10, 2019): 2–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.20355/jcie29377.

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The Zimbabwe government introduced a new language policy in education to change the colonial language policy seven years after attaining independence. So much was expected from the postcolonial language. The use of English as the media of instruction during the colonial era was problematic. It denied Africans to describe the world in their languages. Native languages were marginalized and neglected. Africans were robbed of their self-worth and identity. It is against this background that the Zimbabwean government African states after attaining independence and sovereignty pursued an agenda of linguistic decolonization. This paper evaluates the implementation of Zimbabwe's language policy after it gained independence from Britain in 1980. We argue that despite the claim by the Zimbabwe government that it is a revolutionary government which would completely overhaul all colonial structures, institutions, and policies, the implementation of the language policy is a continuity, rather a radical change. Colonial language policy fundamentals are intact and present in the current language policy. English is still the dominant language of instruction. Indigenous languages are considered inferior and on the verge of extinction. The policy failed where it matters most—decolonizing the mind. Zimbabwe needs a sound language policy in education to shake off vestiges of a colonial legacy, and allow children to go to school in their languages to achieve the overall goal of education for all. The language policy must be developed through a broad-based consultative process with specific implementation strategies and commitment by government and non-governmental agencies for funding its implementation.

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Knight, Virginia Curtin. "Growing Opposition in Zimbabwe." Issue: A Journal of Opinion 20, no. 1 (1991): 23–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0047160700501395.

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A realignment of economic interests in Zimbabwe is fueling broad-based demands for an open, democratic, multiparty society. The shift in alignment comes as a result of the ruling party’s failure to meet the needs and expectations of the majority of Zimbabweans in the eleven years since independence. Under the leadership of the Zimbabwe African National Union-Patriotic Front (ZANU-PF), headed by President Robert Mugabe, the government adopted socialism guided by Marxist-Leninist principles as its ideological philosophy. The socialist agenda, coupled with cumbersome, centralized decision-making by a bloated bureaucracy, discouraged domestic and foreign investment and stymied employment growth.

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Munyoka, Willard. "Electronic government adoption in voluntary environments – a case study of Zimbabwe." Information Development 36, no. 3 (July 28, 2019): 414–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0266666919864713.

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Many governmental organisations across the world are progressively implementing electronic government systems to enhance their back-office operations and offer better and efficient services to citizens. Zimbabwe is not an exception to this e-government wave. Previous studies note that the acceptance and utilisation of e-government systems by citizens in Zimbabwe remains suboptimal, sluggish and problematic due to several factors. This study sought to establish the effect of seven predictor variables on citizens’ behavioural intentions to use e-government systems in Zimbabwe. Drawing from the extended Technology Acceptance Model (TAM2), extended Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT2), Framework for National and Donor Action, and e-Government Trust model as theoretical underpinnings, this study proposed a conceptual framework to predict citizens’ behavioural intentions on e-government. Survey data for testing the conceptual framework were collected from 247 respondents in Zimbabwe using structured questionnaires. Confirmatory factor analysis using IBM AMOS structural equation modelling method was conducted to establish the structural model fit of the proposed model. Findings of this study establish that eight of the hypothesised constructs explain 89% of the discrepancies of behavioural intention to demonstrate good predictive power of the proposed model in voluntary environments. Thus, level of education, facilitating conditions, e-government awareness, price value; privacy, security and trust; political self-efficacy and influence were all confirmed as salient predictors of e-government adoption. These findings provide invaluable insights and pointers to practitioners and policy-makers on e-government implementation and may guide further research on e-government adoption in voluntary environments.

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Hatchard, John. "SOME LESSONS ON CONSTITUTION-MAKING FROM ZIMBABWE." Journal of African Law 45, no. 2 (October 2001): 210–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0221855301001705.

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The former (and late lamented) Chief Justice of South Africa, Justice Ismail Mohammed, once observed that:“The constitution of a nation is not simply a statute which mechanically defines the structures of government and the relations between the government and the governed, it is a ‘mirror of the national soul’, the identification of the ideals and aspirations of a nation, the articulation of the values binding its people and disciplining its government.”Further, as van der Vyer has warned, “. . . a superimposed constitutional formulae or constitutional arrangements that . . . do not address the real causes of discontent, are sure to generate their own legitimacy crisis.” It follows that the development of an appropriate procedure for constitution-making is of the greatest practical importance. This short comment seeks to examine critically the much-publicized efforts in Zimbabwe to develop a new autochthonous constitution and to draw some lessons therefrom.

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Gideon, Zhou, and Zinyama Tawanda. "Auditing Government Institutions in Zimbabwe Frameworks, Processes and Practices." International Journal of Accounting and Financial Reporting 2, no. 2 (October 12, 2012): 218. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/ijafr.v2i2.2528.

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Public Audit Offices are the guardian of the national purse and the pivot of the system of parliamentary control over finance. They help to institutionalize and nurture a culture of accountability, integrity, legitimacy and value for money in the conduct of public business. This in the long term serves as antidotes against institutional corruption. Study findings indicate that Zimbabwe’s audit systems are in the main consistent with regional and global experiences. Efforts are being undertaken to reconstitute and strengthen legal frameworks governing public auditing. Notwithstanding this, legal frameworks did not go deep enough to strengthen the independence of supreme audit institutions. Appointment, funding and reporting frameworks still have peeling effects on the operational independence of the Comptroller and Auditor General. Scenarios aground also suggest that the political will to comply with extant frameworks is low note. Audit recommendations are not seriously taken by Treasury, Accounting Officers and government ministers. There is need to update legal and regulatory frameworks to strengthen the operational independence of the C&AG and also to give it sanction powers to compel Ministries and departments to observe and comply with the Treasury Instructions and other regulations regarding submissions of returns. Efforts should also be directed towards capacitating the C&AG in term of attracting and retaining skilled and experienced staff in the legal and accounting field.

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Parker, Franklin. "Mungazi, Dickson A. Education and Government Control in Zimbabwe." Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies 2, no. 1 (1990): 203–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/jis199021/218.

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Manenji, Tawanda, and Barbra Marufu. "The impact of adopting e-government as a mechanism to enhance accountability as well as transparent conduct within public institutions." Scholedge International Journal of Business Policy & Governance ISSN 2394-3351 3, no. 7 (August 15, 2016): 84. http://dx.doi.org/10.19085/journal.sijbpg030701.

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<em>This study examines the impact of adopting e-government as a mechanism to enhance accountability as well as transparent conduct within public institutions in Zimbabwe. There is a belief that e-government brings about better change in governance issues through active disclosure of governance information. The research found out that e-government in Zimbabwe though still being nurtured, has better prospects and there is great need for clearly setting and meeting a conducive environment for it to flourish. That is a set of pre-requirements need to be assessed before trying to implement e-government into full swing. Zimbabwe lacks an unanimous e-government strategy across its ministries hence the existence of disparities in e-government adoption within the country – some ministries are more advanced while others only exhibit the first initial stages of e-government. However, the adoption of e-government in Zimbabwe has been hampered by a plethora of challenges ranging from politics, economics, social and technological. Among them include inadequate or weak legislative frameworks guiding and directing e-government implementation, budget constraints, digital divide as well as technological incompetence. The study also makes some recommendations as to how e-government prospects can be fully attained and such remedies among others include the passing of a comprehensive IT policy which cut across all government ministries, embracing Public Private Partnerships in building IT infrastructure, and redefining government’s top priorities and focus much on e-government investment. The paper also notes the effects of poor governance to a country. Zimbabwe’s e-government strategy if managed properly, would also reduce government external debt, improve service delivery, promote economic development, and increase public accountability and transparency within the public sector.</em>

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Coldham, Simon. "The Land Acquisition Act, 1992 of Zimbabwe." Journal of African Law 37, no. 1 (1993): 82–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021855300011141.

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The gazetting of the Land Acquisition Bill on 24 January, 1992 unleashed what has been described as the fiercest debate ever known in the history of Zimbabwe. However, the issue of land reform had been back on the political agenda ever since the expiry of the Lancaster House Constitution on 18 April, 1990, and pressures from a variety of quarters, both internal and external, had been brought to bear on the government during the intervening period. In particular, its adoption in 1990 of a document declaring National Land Policy had generated intense controversy. In accordance with the principles set out in that document the government has sought to facilitate the acquisition of land for resettlement purposes, first by amending section 16 of the Lancaster House Constitution and subsequently by enacting the Land Acquisition Act. In formulating its policy the government has recognized both the need to redress inequalities in land distribution and the need to take into account current national and international socio-economic realities. The result is a compromise.

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Cyrus Reed, Wm. "Global Incorporation, Ideology, and Public Policy in Zimbabwe." Issue 15 (1987): 49–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0047160700506039.

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Six years after independence, Zimbabwe is viewed by its admirers as having adopted a pragmatic approach to a broad range of socialist oriented policies. A massive expansion and re-direction of services in the areas of education, health, and agricultural extension services, in addition to the creation of one of the world’s largest resettlement programs, are often cited as evidence of how the government of Prime Minister Robert Mugabe is working for socialist transformation in Zimbabwe. In addition, under Mugabe’s Zimbabwe African National Union (ZANU) government, the Zimbabwean economy has been able to maintain a real expansion in production averaging near 4.6% per annum-perhaps the highest rate in Africa--while the government has reversed a tremendous balance of payments deficit.

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Mugumisi, Nathan. "The impact of public external debt on private investment. Evidence from Zimbabwe under the multi-currency system." Journal of Economic Info 8, no. 1 (February 16, 2021): 33–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.31580/jei.v8i1.1688.

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The levels of public debt have grown significantly in both emerging and developed countries even during times of peace. The rising levels of debt pose substantial debt sustainability issues to developing countries including Zimbabwe. A defaulting country usually has limited access to new international credit lines or tends to borrow at a higher cost, due to high perceived country risk premium, making the country a less attractive investment destination. Zimbabwe is currently suffering debt distress and has since the year 2000 struggled to service her external debt from international multilateral financial institutions. Zimbabwe’s external debt continues to pile up due to penalties on defaults. This paper examines the impact of public external debt on private investment in Zimbabwe, using quarterly time-series data for the period 2009 and 2017. The period of study was a period of relative stability when Zimbabwe operated under a multicurrency system. Interest rates, political risk, trade openness and household consumption are control variables of this study. Using the Vector Error Correction Model (VECM), we find that external debt and external debt squared have a negative impact on private investment in the long run. Results suggest that Zimbabwe’s external debt is crowding out private investment. In the short-term, we urge the government of Zimbabwe to apply for debt rescheduling to avoid penalties that have so far contributed to the ballooning of Zimbabwe’s external debt obligations. In the medium term, we urge the government of Zimbabwe to design comprehensive debt and arrears reduction strategies, to reduce Zimbabwe’s external debt to sustainable levels. In the long term, after regaining borrowing rights, we urge the government of Zimbabwe to invest external borrowings in productive ventures, to facilitate debt amortisation. Secondly, we recommend that external debt be invested in education, health and infrastructure, which can potentially stimulate private investment, and thus create a multiplier effect on economic growth. Lastly, we recommend the government to invest foreign loans in sectors where Zimbabwe enjoys a comparative advantage, to ensure reliable export revenue for debt servicing.

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Jones, Oliver R., and Chido Dunn. "Legal Documents Relating to Land Reform in Zimbabwe." International Legal Materials 49, no. 5 (October 2010): 1380–403. http://dx.doi.org/10.5305/intelegamate.49.5.1380.

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In Gramara (Private) Ltd. & Others v. Government of Zimbabwe & Others (‘‘Gramara’’)1 and Von Abo v. Government of South Africa (‘‘Von Abo’’),2 the legitimacy of Zimbabwe’s land reform program has once again come under the judicial microscope. In Gramara, Judge Patel of the Zimbabwean High Court refused to enforce a decision of the Southern African Development Community (‘‘SADC’’) Tribunal that declared the program inconsistent with a range of human rights protections. By contrast, in Von Abo, Judge Prinsloo of the South African High Court virulently condemned the South African government’s failure to afford the applicant farm-owner diplomatic protection in relation to the government of Zimbabwe’s confiscations of land owned by South African nationals. The decisions throw into sharp relief both the potential and the limitations of the application of international law in the domestic context.

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Saungweme, Talknice, and Nicholas M. Odhiambo. "A Critical Review of the Dynamics of Government Debt Servicing in Zimbabwe." Studia Universitatis „Vasile Goldis” Arad – Economics Series 28, no. 3 (September 1, 2018): 20–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/sues-2018-0013.

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Abstract This paper provides a conceptual analysis of government debt servicing in Zimbabwe from 1980 to 2015. The mounting debt burden arising largely from nonconcessionary foreign loans since the 1980s, and the economic hardships that characterise the country beginning the late 1990s, caused dreadful public debt servicing challenges. Thus, the paper discusses the public debt service reforms and policies; trends; and problems in Zimbabwe over the review period. In the paper, it was identified that between 1983 and 1997, the government’s debt servicing costs were growing exponentially, resulting in liquidity challenges. However, between 1998 and 2015, the country had plunged into public debt service overhang, with public debt servicing liabilities exceeding the country’s foreign exchange earnings. Notwithstanding the various public debt servicing reforms to boost domestic revenues, Zimbabwe, as many other developing countries, still faces a number of debt servicing problems. Among others, these include: high government debt, low industrial and export competitiveness, narrow revenue base and subdued investor confidence. The paper recommends the government of Zimbabwe to undertake the following measures, among others, aimed at either boosting or expanding the revenue base: (i) improving tax enforcements; (ii) mobilising the informal sector; and (iii) expanding the productive capacity of public entities.

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Lloyd, Robert B. "Zimbabwe: The Making of an Autocratic “Democracy”." Current History 101, no. 655 (May 1, 2002): 219–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/curh.2002.101.655.219.

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Two decades after independence, the fruits of President Robert Mugabe's rule are a rapidly declining economy, the systematic dismantling of constitutional government, growing political violence, a costly war in Congo, and international condemnation.

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Mapfumo, A., A. Mushunje, and C. Chidoko. "THE IMPACT OF GOVERNMENT AGRICULTURAL EXPENDITURE ON POVERTY IN ZIMBABWE." Russian Journal of Agricultural and Socio-Economic Sciences 7, no. 7 (July 28, 2012): 16–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.18551/rjoas.2012-07.03.

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Schou, A. "Democratic Local Government and Responsiveness: Lessons from Zimbabwe and Tanzania." International Journal of Comparative Sociology 41, no. 1 (January 1, 2000): 121–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002071520004100107.

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Schou, Arild. "Democratic Local Government and Responsiveness: Lessons from Zimbabwe and Tanzania." International Journal of Comparative Sociology 41, no. 1 (February 1, 2000): 121–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156851800511702.

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Mlambo, Nyemudzai, and Ivan Govender. "Monitoring and Evaluation of Housing Service Delivery in Zimbabwean Local Authorities." International Journal of Political Activism and Engagement 8, no. 3 (July 2021): 17–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijpae.2021070102.

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This study investigates the effectiveness of monitoring and evaluation systems for housing service delivery in local authorities in the Midlands Province of Zimbabwe. Zimbabwe has been experiencing poor housing service delivery and the Midlands province is characterized by housing backlog, poor quality housing projects, lack of housing finance, lack of technical capacity, and no new partnerships. Despite the Government of Zimbabwe introducing monitoring and evaluation tools in all public institutions to achieve good governance and effective housing service delivery, this did not fully address the housing problems experienced in the province. The research utilized the mixed-methods approach with a case study research design using urban and rural local authorities in the Midlands Province. The article recommended that the three tiers of government should work collaboratively with the aid of a monitoring and evaluation system to solve housing delivery problems. This study is critical for local government housing delivery performance management.

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Nhapi, Tatenda Goodman, and Jotham Dhemba. "The conundrum of old age and COVID-19 responses in Eswatini and Zimbabwe." International Social Work 63, no. 6 (July 31, 2020): 842–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0020872820944998.

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This article explores domains of challenges in guaranteeing enhanced social functioning for Southern African countries of Zimbabwe and Eswatini in the context of COVID-19. Government of Zimbabwe (GoZ) and Government of Ewatini (GoE) social protection interventions targeting COVID-impact mitigation for older persons are analysed within the context of resource constraint challenges. Social security programmes initiated by the GoE and GoZ are analysed while noting emerging milestones and gaps. Finally, pathways for the roles of social workers are proposed.

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Choguya, Naume Zorodzai. "Traditional Birth Attendants and Policy Ambivalence in Zimbabwe." Journal of Anthropology 2014 (May 7, 2014): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/750240.

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This paper analyses the importance of the services rendered by traditional birth attendants (TBAs) to pregnant women in Zimbabwe. It argues that, though an integral part of the health system, the ambivalence in terms of policy on the part of the government leaves them in a predicament. Sociocultural values as well as tradition imbue TBAs power and authority to manage pregnancies and assist in child deliveries. On the other hand, government policies expounded through the Ministry of Health (MoH) programs and policies appear to be relegating them to the fringes of healthcare provision. However, in a country with a failing health system characterized by mass exodus of qualified personnel, availability of drugs, and understaffing of healthcare centres, among others, TBAs remain the lifeline for many women in the country. Instead of sidelining them in healthcare interventions, I argue that their integration, however, problematic and often noted to be with disastrous consequences for traditional medicine, presents the sole viable solution towards achieving MDGs 4 and 5. The government and MoH should capitalize on the availability of and standing working relations of TBAs with the grassroots for better/positive maternal health outcomes. In a country reeling with high maternal deaths, TBAs’ status and position in society make them the best intervention tools.

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Zhou, Gideon. "Three Decades of Public Expenditure Management in Zimbabwe." Journal of Public Administration and Governance 2, no. 3 (July 28, 2012): 33. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/jpag.v2i3.2098.

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Sound public expenditure management forms the bedrock of public administration. It facilitates producence, efficiency, transparency and accountability in expenditure processes at various levels of government. This serves as a long term barricade aginst debt trap. This article responds to these fundamental concerns by examining the nature, processes and challenges of public expenditure management in Zimbabwe. Reviews of expenditure management systems in Zimbabwe show general consistence with those in Anglophone Africa. Ministries of finance, working closely with spending ministries, Accounting Officers, Public Accounts Committees of Parliament, Auditor Generals and internal auditors-constitute key players in the public expenditure management process. Notwithstanding this, overall expenditure over the decades remained sticky downwards due to inflationary pressures, unbudgeted expenditures and weak expenditure management systems. Robust mesaures should be put in place to institutionalise a culture of compliance with extant expenditure management frameworks at both the macro and micro levels of government.

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Dube, Zorodzai. "Casting Out Demons in Zimbabwe: A Coded Political Posturing." Exchange 41, no. 4 (2012): 352–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1572543x-12341238.

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Abstract Casting out demons in Zimbabwe is a daily practice among Pentecostal churches. While previous studies by theologians linked demon exorcism to evil spirits, in this study I argue that casting out demons in Zimbabwe is a coded protest against Mugabe and his government. My theoretical perspective develops from Frantz Fanon and James Scott.

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Barugahara, Florence. "Financial Inclusion in Zimbabwe: Determinants, Challenges, and Opportunities." International Journal of Financial Research 12, no. 3 (February 4, 2021): 261. http://dx.doi.org/10.5430/ijfr.v12n3p261.

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Financial inclusion is a highly topical issue for policymakers since inclusive finance is viewed as a channel of social and economic development. Therefore, this paper seeks to ascertain and examine the determinants, challenges, and opportunities for financial inclusion in Zimbabwe. The research is done by examining existing literature and estimating Logit and Probit models. This paper finds that, the major determinants of financial inclusion in Zimbabwe are; gender, age, education, income levels, employment status, the cost of financial services, account opening requirements, and level of trust in the financial system. Challenges to financial inclusion in Zimbabwe include; financial illiteracy, lack of formal identification documents, lack of trust in the financial system, fragile economy, rural poor and gender inequality, and high transaction costs of financial services. However, mobile money services such as Eco-cash, Tel-cash, and One-money have proved an opportunity for inclusive finance in Zimbabwe. Furthermore, the establishment of the women’s Bank of Zimbabwe is one of the strategies to enhance inclusive finance for women in Zimbabwe. The simplified KYC requirements for low-income groups and the financial inclusion strategy commissioned by the Reserve Bank of Zimbabwe are hoped to promote financial inclusion. This paper recommended that to make finance inclusive, the government should develop policies that target marginalized groups such as the elderly, rural population, low-income earners, females, and the unemployed. The government should also develop a strong consumer protection regulatory framework, promote financial literacy, reduce the transaction cost of financial services and encourage the use of accounts with simplified KYC requirements to ease documentation needs.

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Kreuter, Urs P., and John P. Workman. "Government Policy Effects on Cattle and Wildlife Ranching Profits in Zimbabwe." Journal of Range Management 47, no. 4 (July 1994): 264. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/4002545.

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Mhandara, Lawrence, Charity Manyeruke, and Sharon Hofisi. "The Church and Political Transition in Zimbabwe: The Inclusive Government Context." Journal of Public Administration and Governance 3, no. 1 (April 2, 2013): 102. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/jpag.v3i1.3379.

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This article explores the role of the church in Zimbabwe’s political space with emphasis on the transitional epoch set in motion with the consummation of the Inclusive Government after the signing of the Global Political Agreement on 15 September 2008. Being exploratory in approach, the study preferred a qualitative research design were secondary sources were the major source of data. Departing from the view point that the church and the state are complementary in satisfying human needs, the research established that the church is replete with political activists who are partaking in key political processes envisaged under the transitional phase and the enormity of their participation vary depending on the national issue at hand. More clearly, the church’s association with the political parties in the government has been mostly that of a horse-rider relationship where politicians use the church to score cheap political points.

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Hansen, K. "The costs of HIV/AIDS care at government hospitals in Zimbabwe." Health Policy and Planning 15, no. 4 (December 1, 2000): 432–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/heapol/15.4.432.

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Chan, Stephen, and Ranka Primorac. "Introduction: The Space of Many Voices—Zimbabwe since the Unity Government." Round Table 99, no. 411 (December 2010): 601–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00358533.2010.530400.

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Herbst, Jeffrey. "Societal Demands and Government Choices: Agricultural Producer Price Policy in Zimbabwe." Comparative Politics 20, no. 3 (April 1988): 265. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/421804.

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Murisa, Tendai. "Democratisation and control: fast track and local government reforms in Zimbabwe." Journal of Contemporary African Studies 32, no. 1 (September 2, 2013): 79–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02589001.2013.830904.

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Jonga, Wellington. "LOCAL GOVERNMENT SYSTEM IN ZIMBABWE AND ASSOCIATED CHALLENGES: SYNTHESIS AND ANTITHESIS." Archives of Business Research 2, no. 1 (March 8, 2014): 75–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.14738/abr.21.89.

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Chung, Fay. "Government and community partnership in the financing of education in Zimbabwe." International Journal of Educational Development 10, no. 2-3 (1990): 191–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0738-0593(90)90036-n.

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Tsaurai, Kunofiwa. "Stock market and foreign direct investment in Zimbabwe." Risk Governance and Control: Financial Markets and Institutions 4, no. 2 (2014): 54–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.22495/rgcv4i2art4.

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This study investigates the causality relationship between stock market and foreign direct investment. The subject has been contentious in recent years with three theoretical rationales emerging. The first being that FDI net inflows boost stock market by increasing the amount of funds into the host country’ economy. The second suggests that FDI inflows forces the host country government to embrace market friendly policies, regulations and controls that end up boosting stock market. The third theoretical rationale mentions that well-developed and functioning stock markets attracts FDI as multinational firms perceive such a market as a friendly environment whose government is more open to the international community. Using the bi-variate causality test framework, this study discovered that there exists a long run relationship between stock market and FDI net inflows in Zimbabwe. However, the direct causality relationship from either stock market to FDI or from FDI to stock market development could not be found. This implies that stock market development and FDI net inflows in Zimbabwe are indirectly related to each other via some factors whose investigation should be a subject of another research.

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Damiyano, David, and Nirmala Dorasamy. "Effects of monetary policy on economic growth in Zimbabwe." GIS Business 14, no. 5 (October 25, 2019): 64–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.26643/gis.v14i5.9670.

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This research examines the hypothesis of money neutrality in Zimbabwe. After studying the relevant literature on the effects of changes in money supply on real variables, it outlines the research design for a macro-level study on the impact of changes in money supply on real variables. The hypothesis is that there is a positive relationship between money supply and real variables (GDP). The researcher used real GDP as the dependent variable whilst money supply (M3), interest rate and government expenditure were used as explanatory variables. A VAR model has been applied using the country’s macroeconomic data from 1990 to 2017 which was obtained from ZIMSTATS and World Bank Open Data website. Impulse response functions and variance decomposition were used to analyse the impact of the explanatory variables on real GDP. The results suggest that money positively affects real GDP in the short run but in the long it is insignificant in influencing real output. This means that in Zimbabwe, money is non-neutral in the long run, but it is neutral in the long run. Government expenditure has an insignificant influence on GDP both in the short and long run whilst interest rate has a positive effect on GDP in the long run. The recommendations which were given are that the government; should use expansionary monetary policy to increase real GDP, demonetise the bond note as well as the RTGS and adopting the Rand, curbing inflation through increasing production and ensuring transparency in the manner in which loans are given.

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Maune, Alexander. "The strong influence of sound corporate governance on economic Growth: evidence from Zimbabwe." Problems and Perspectives in Management 15, no. 2 (September 1, 2017): 445–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/ppm.15(2-2).2017.13.

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The study examined the impact of sound corporate governance on economic growth in Zimbabwe using an econometric model. A multiple linear regression analysis was employed to examine the relationship. Secondary data for the period 1968 to 2015 was collected from World Bank’s Worldwide Governance and World Development Indicators databases. It was found that sound corporate governance is significantly correlated to economic growth in Zimbabwe in a positive and negative manner with a p-value of 0.000023235 at 5% level of confidence. On one hand, control of corruption is negatively significantly related to economic growth and, on the other hand, political stability and absence of violence/terrorism positively significantly related to economic growth. Government effectiveness, regulatory quality, rule of law and voice and accountability are insignificant in influencing economic growth in Zimbabwe at 5% level of significance. The findings from this article will assist policy formulation, policy implementation and future research. This article, however, is of great importance to government, private sector and the academia.

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Dr Shepherd Nyaruwata. "A Tourism Planning of Zimbabwe for 1980-2018: A Critical Assessment." Hospitality & Tourism Review 1, no. 2 (November 15, 2020): 14–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.38157/hospitality-tourism-review.v1i2.213.

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Purpose: The purpose of the study was to assess how far the government of Zimbabwe’s tourism policies and strategies have affected the development of the tourism and hospitality sector. Methods: The study was based on a review of the literature on tourism development in Zimbabwe. A range of peer-reviewed papers, reports from the United Nations World Tourism Organization (UNWTO). reports from the Zimbabwe Tourism Authority (ZTA), and those of the Ministry of Environment, Tourism, and Hospitality Industry were consulted. The information offered a clear picture of how far the government had contributed to influencing the development of the tourism and hospitality industry during the period. Results: The results of the study showed that for the period up to 2000 the government played only a facilitating role in the development of the sector. The results further showed that the government took a more proactive role in planning the development of the industry only when the persistent negative image of the country threatened the collapse of the sector. Implications: It is recommended that the country effectively implements the National Tourism Master Plan and the National Tourism Sector Strategy which were launched in 2016 and 2018 respectively. A constant review of the National Tourism Sector Strategy will ensure an effective response to the global and national macro-economic, social and political changes that will occur during the plan period.

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Chiguvi, Douglas, Elvis Madondo, and Zenzo Dube. "The Importance of Customer Relationship Management in the Local Government Authorities in Zimbabwe." Applied Economics and Finance 6, no. 6 (September 24, 2019): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.11114/aef.v6i6.4051.

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The aim of the study was to to ascertain the respondent’s familiarity with the knowledge and importance of customer relationship management in the local government authorities, as well as to ascertain the extent of the relationship they have with citizens from acquisition, development, retention and termination of the relationship. Explanatory research approach and judgemental sampling were employed. Questionnaire was used to collect data from twenty one local government authorities in Zimbabwe. The findings of the study revealed that customer relationship management forms a powerful strategy that local government authorities should apply to manage long-term relationships with their key stakeholders. The researchers concluded that the local government authorities should establish and maintain long lasting relationships with their stakeholders, in order to be competitive and attract investment.

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Sylvester, Christine. "Zimbabwe's 1985 Elections: a Search for National Mythology." Journal of Modern African Studies 24, no. 2 (June 1986): 229–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022278x00006868.

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When Zimbabweans went to the polls in June and July of 1985, they decisively returned the Zimbabwe African National Union (Patriotic Front) to formal power, provided regional support for the Patriotic Front–Zimbabwe African People's Union and, in the case of the white roll, endorsed Ian Smith's Conservative Alliance of Zimbabwe. Questions raised in the wake of the elections tended to focus on the changes that the Z.A.N.U.(P.F.) Government could institute in the next three to five years – a one-party system, a complete abrogation of the Lancaster House privileges for whites, a vigorous turn towards Marxism.

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Chigudu, Daniel. "Towards improvement of ethics in the public sector in Zimbabwe." Journal of Governance and Regulation 4, no. 1 (2015): 103–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.22495/jgr_v4_i1_c1_p2.

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In Zimbabwe reports of abuse of public office have manifested in various forms resulting in public outcry; poor service delivery, and government losing millions of dollars. This study aims to undertake a reflective inquiry on the ethical conduct in the Zimbabwean public sector through content and process analysis in order to provide intervention mechanisms to the problem. Statistical analysis of corruption level is made to benefit the study. Results indicated some legislative gaps and an incapacitated Anti-Corruption Commission which has been unable to execute its mandate fully. Most senior public officials and politicians appear to have too much power and authority with no checks and balances in place. Practical implications of the widespread unethical practices call for the government to plug the glaring legislative gaps; take stern measures against offenders; empowering the Anti-Corruption Commission; term limits for senior public officials as well as for political appointments; and motivating political will to uphold ethical leadership. The recommendations will open a window for the Zimbabwean government and administrators to view how some advanced economies have propped up ethical behaviour in the public sector. It is the way to go for ailing economies like Zimbabwe. The paper demonstrated the importance of ethical awareness in another political and economic setting-Zimbabwe.

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Mugova, Shame, and Paul R. Sachs. "Corporate governance, structure and accountability as affected by national government infrastructure in developing countries." Corporate Ownership and Control 13, no. 4 (2016): 224–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.22495/cocv13i4c1p7.

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Businesses in developing countries face different challenges than those in economically developed countries. Markets and supply chains are less well-established. Dissemination of information is uneven. Because governmental infrastructure has limited ability to support business operations, businesses take on responsibilities that elsewhere are handled by a central government. This study reviews key elements of corporate governance. The study then reviews the banking and manufacturing sectors in Zimbabwe with attention to the presence or absence of financial infrastructure, legal infrastructure, market challenges, supply chain and government involvement to support corporate governance structures and systems. Recommendations for policy and practice changes are recommended. The present analysis of Zimbabwe can guide research on and policy recommendations for governance in other developing countries

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Chigudu, Daniel. "Public procurement in Zimbabwe: Issues and challenges." Journal of Governance and Regulation 3, no. 2 (2014): 21–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.22495/jgr_v3_i4_p2.

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With negative coverage largely by the media on state procurement, this article aims at exploring challenges and issues that militate against public procurement in Zimbabwe. The exploration is done through content analysis of statutes and procurement practices that currently obtain in the country. The study shows that despite the presence of some regulations public officials manipulate tender procedures for personal gains. There is need for improved political will to enforce the law on errant behavior. The value for money that the procurement system should promote is lost. There is no mechanism for feedback to inform management and policy makers. The article provides recommendations for the government in pursuit of public procurement best practices.

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Velenchik, Ann D. "Government intervention, efficiency wages, and the employer size wage effect in Zimbabwe." Journal of Development Economics 53, no. 2 (August 1997): 305–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0304-3878(97)00019-9.

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Tsaurai, Kunofiwa, and Nicholas M. Odhiambo. "Government expenditure and economic growth in Zimbabwe: an ARDL-bounds testing approach." International Journal of Economic Policy in Emerging Economies 6, no. 1 (2013): 78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijepee.2013.054474.

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Wekwete, Kadmiel. "Urban local government finance in Zimbabwe: The case of Harare City Council." Public Administration and Development 12, no. 1 (February 1992): 97–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pad.4230120108.

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Mutizwa-Mangiza, N. D. "Rural local government finance in Zimbabwe: The case of Gokwe District Council." Public Administration and Development 12, no. 1 (February 1992): 111–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pad.4230120109.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Zimbabwe – Poilitics and government'

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