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Journal articles on the topic 'Zimbabwe – Social conditions – 20th century'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 9 February 2022

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1

Marinkovic, Ivan. "Causes of death in Serbia since the mid-20th century." Stanovnistvo 50, no. 1 (2012): 89–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/stnv1201089m.

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The structure of the leading causes of death in Serbia has considerably changed in the last half century. Diseases which presented the main threat to the population a few decades ago are now at the level of a statistical error. On the one side are causes which drastically changed their share in total mortality in this time interval, while others have shown stability and persistence among the basic causes of death. Acute infectious diseases "have been replaced" with chronic noninfectious diseases, due to the improvement of general and health conditions. One of the consequences of such changes i

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2

Sattenspiel, Lisa, and Svenn-Erik Mamelund. "COCIRCULATING EPIDEMICS, CHRONIC HEALTH PROBLEMS, AND SOCIAL CONDITIONS IN EARLY 20TH CENTURY LABRADOR AND ALASKA." Annals of Anthropological Practice 36, no. 2 (2012): 402–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/napa.12011.

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3

Sales, Arnaud, Réjean Drolet, and Isabelle Bonneau. "Academic Paths, Ageing and the Living Conditions of Students in the Late 20th Century*." Canadian Review of Sociology/Revue canadienne de sociologie 38, no. 2 (2008): 167–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1755-618x.2001.tb00969.x.

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4

McGregor, Caroline. "A Paradigm Framework for Social Work Theory for Early 21st Century Practice." British Journal of Social Work 49, no. 8 (2019): 2112–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/bjsw/bcz006.

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Abstract This article explores whether paradigms for social work that helped structure and focus social work theory in the late 20th century can continue to inform social work theorising in the present day. The question is considered by reviewing the work of Burrell and Morgan (1979), Howe (1987), Whittington and Holland (1985), Johnson et al., 1984 (cited in Rojek, 1986) and Mulally (1993) who offer specific considerations of paradigm frameworks. The main argument developed in the discussion is that while the nature and orientation of theories in paradigms from later 20th to early 21st centur

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Thebe, Vusilizwe. "The Complexity of Contemporary Rural Society: Agricultural ‘Betterment’ and Social Realities in Semi-arid Zimbabwe." African and Asian Studies 17, no. 3 (2018): 255–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15692108-12341017.

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Abstract Modernist assumptions have guided rural development interventions in Zimbabwe since the mid-twentieth century. As a result interventions were not firmly grounded on rural socio-economic and physical realities. The aim was not only to create a society of ‘modern’, ‘progressive farmers’ who followed a predetermined agricultural path, but also, the quest for order and modernity was clearly manifest through centralization measures and increased emphasis on prudent land husbandry. This article seeks to demonstrate that these rural development initiatives were ill-suited to the socio-physic

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Gabdrafikova, Liliya R. "Mugallima: Tatar women’s new social and professional role in the early 20th century." RUDN Journal of Russian History 18, no. 2 (2019): 302–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2312-8674-2019-18-2-302-319.

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In this article, the author discusses a new social group within the Tatar secular intelligentsia - the female teachers ( mugallima s) of the national primary schools. The study is based on personal documents, in particular memories and autobiographies. At the turn of the 20th century, the issue of female education became particularly important in Tatar society. The author shows the transformation of the role of the ostazbika - the imam’s wife who traditionally used to teach the girls of the Muslim community - and presents an overview of the ﬁrst Tatar girl schools. Pointing out the sources of

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Omeliyanchuk, Igor V. "Social Aspect of the Russian Conservatives Ideology in the Beginning of the 20th Century." Almanac “Essays on Conservatism” 102 (March 1, 2020): 428–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.24030/24092517-2020-0-1-428-463.

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The article examines the social aspect of the Russian monarchist ideology in the beginning of the 20th century. The Rights considered that to preserve the traditional political system it was necessary to preserve also the traditional social system based on the society class division. In truth, giving in to the spirit of time, they resigned the class hierarchy supporting the class openness (thus, recognizing the necessity of society horizontal mobility channels) and intended to place on the class self-government authorities the functions of social representation, thus anticipating the ideas of

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Lyubichankovskiy, Sergey Valentinovich, and Alexey Valentinovich Lyubichankovskiy. "Ural-Caspian Region as a historical and geographical phenomenon (XVI - the beginning of the XX century)." Samara Journal of Science 6, no. 1 (2017): 104–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/snv201761204.

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This paper deals with cross-disciplinary historical and geographical research. The Ural-Caspian Region existing from the 16th century to the beginning of the 20th century is its main focus. The Assessment of new lands inclusion in the Russian civilization is carried out. The authors analyze the Ural-Caspian Region through assessment of dynamics of its cultural landscapes. The social processes happening in the region are characterized. The authors suggest considering the Ural-Caspian Region as a frontier, existing from the 16th century to the beginning of the 20th century. Ethno cultural space

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Szente, Dorina. "The Role of School Dances in the First Half of the 20th Century." Tánc és Nevelés 2, no. 1 (2021): 106–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.46819/tn.2.1.106-121.

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In the first half of the twentieth century, photography allowed families and groups to capture important moments. In the 1920s and 1930s, cheaper and simpler cameras appeared on the market, which became available to many people. It was the Kodak revolution. The intimate family spaces opened; the everyday life of the schools became visible. The Fortepan visual database is a collection of such photographs taken between 1900 and 1990. As a cultural imprint of the time, the photograph has become a new source for researchers to observe a symbolic world we know little about. The oldest communication

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Krstic, Zoran. "Peronism as a model of social and political development: The modern Argentinian myth." Medjunarodni problemi 66, no. 1-2 (2014): 137–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/medjp1402137k.

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The subject of the analysis in this paper is the study of the emergence and evolution of the phenomenon of Peronism as the most important political movement and ideology in Argentina and perhaps in Latin America throughout the 20th century. The basic aim of this paper is to present Peronism as a political movement and model of development which emerged during the rule of Juan Domingo Peron in the mid-20th century. This movement continued to exist and last after Peron?s demission from the political scene. In recent history Peronism became something more significant than a political movement or

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Varea, Carlos, Elena Sánchez-García, Barry Bogin, et al. "Disparities in Height and Urban Social Stratification in the First Half of the 20th Century in Madrid (Spain)." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 11 (2019): 2048. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16112048.

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Adult height is the most commonly used biological indicator to evaluate material and emotional conditions in which people grew up, allowing the analysis of secular trends associated with socio-economic change as well as of social inequalities among human populations. There is a lack of studies on both aspects regarding urban populations. Our study evaluates the secular trends and the disparities in height of conscripts born between 1915 and 1953 and called-up at the age of 21 between 1936 and 1969, living in districts with low versus middle and high socio-economic conditions, in the city of Ma

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Firsov, M. V., and A. A. Chernikova. "Genesis and Transformation of Platform 1.0. in the Context of Social Work." Contemporary problems of social work 6, no. 4 (2020): 59–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.17922/2412-5466-2020-6-4-59-66.

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the articles analyses the platforms genesis and transformation against the background of globalization, as well as the changes in the sociopathogenic space of self-care. Depending on the socioeconomic and sociocultural conditions, the evolution of the sociopathogenic platform 1.0 transformations is shown, starting from early Christian help to the 1980s. This concept was realized at the level of public administration, practice, in the development of the education system, and in the design of scientific approaches to the theory of social work until the end of the 20th century

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Bahri, Saeful. "SHEIKH DJAMIL DJAHO AND SOCIO-RELIGIOUS CRITICISM OF MINANGKABAU MUSLIM: A Study on Tazkirat al-Qulub Fi Mu‘amalat ‘Allam al-Guyub." Analisa: Journal of Social Science and Religion 3, no. 02 (2018): 239–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.18784/analisa.v3i02.651.

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This article discusses the socio-religious critique of Sheikh Djamil Djaho on the religious and socio-society conditions in Minangkabau. Analysis of the content and approach of social history-intellectuals was used to dissect the contents of the book Tazkirat al-Qulub associated with social-religious context in the policy at the beginning of the 20th century. Based on the analysis of texts it is known that Sheikh Djaho expressed his criticism towards several groups. Among the groups are (1) scholars, (2) worshippers, (3) Sufism experts, and (4) experts of the world. According to Sheikh Djaho,

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SCANNELL, PADDY. "Music, radio and the record business in Zimbabwe today." Popular Music 20, no. 1 (2001): 13–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0261143001001283.

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Radio and the recording business have, since the beginning of the last century, had a profound impact upon existing musical life whenever and wherever they have decisively and irreversibly established themselves. Their arrival restructures and redefines the social relations of music in many aspects of its production, performance and reception. Radio and recording technologies have had a significant impact on the livelihoods of all those who one way or another try to make a living from music (composers, performers and - in Europe - publishers, for instance). Performance itself is transformed as

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Kuhlmann, Johanna, Delia González de Reufels, Klaus Schlichte, and Frank Nullmeier. "How social policy travels: A refined model of diffusion." Global Social Policy 20, no. 1 (2019): 80–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1468018119888443.

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Building on a critical engagement with the diffusion literature, this article introduces a refined model of diffusion that sheds light on crucial but so far neglected aspects of the diffusion process. First, by introducing four analytically distinct constellations of diffusion, we highlight important differences between the participating units of a diffusion process. Therefore, the model also allows for analysing very early developments of social policy under the conditions of colonialism and relations between states of equal or different economic strength, and under conditions of continuing p

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Von Blumröder, Christoph. "Ende der Neuen Musik." Die Musikforschung 72, no. 3 (2021): 201–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.52412/mf.2019.h3.44.

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The term "Neue Musik" was coined for a special concept of fundamental musical innovation within Austro-German music theory of the early 20th century, and it found no terminological equivalent beyond the German language. Established by Paul Bekker with his lecture “Neue Musik” in 1919, composers such as Stockhausen or Ligeti embraced the term with its emphatic claim to innovation and new departures. However, one hundred years on the term "Neue Musik" is often used mainly as a synonym for any type of contemporary music. This article questions whether the term "Neue Musik" is still an appropriate

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Carson, Scott Alan. "Net nutrition on the late 19th and early 20th century American Great Plains: a robust biological response to the challenges to the Turner Hypothesis." Journal of Biosocial Science 51, no. 5 (2019): 698–719. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021932019000014.

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AbstractIn 1893, Frederick Jackson Turner proposed that America’s Western frontier was an economic ‘safety-valve’ – a place where settlers could migrate when conditions in eastern states and Europe crystallized against their upward economic mobility. However, recent studies suggest the Western frontier’s material conditions may not have been as advantageous as Jackson proposed because settlers lacked the knowledge and human capital to succeed on the Plains and Far Western frontier. Using stature, BMI and weight from five late 19th and early 20th century prisons, this study uses 61,276 observat

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Allardt, Erik. "Perspektiv och perspektivförskjutningar inom nordisk." Dansk Sociologi 11, no. 4 (2006): 71–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.22439/dansoc.v11i4.632.

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Paradigms and vicissitudes in the perspectives of 20th century Nordic sociology  Both as regards its own development and its cultural impact 20th century was an era of sociology. There was, however, in the central focuses considerable vicissitudes, clearly observable in the sociology of the Nordic countries, Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway, and Sweden. The de-velopmental patterns can be divided into three periods: (1) an emphasis on evolution and evolutionary explanations of social behavior up to the First World War, (2) a during most of the century prevailing dominance of a soci

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19

Turza, Karel. "On modernity in general and on the main obstacles to modernity in Serbia in the 20th century - and afterwards." Sociologija 45, no. 2 (2003): 117–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/soc0302117t.

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This work offers, in the first place, a definition of the notion of modernity, then, a reconstruction of historical origins of that wide and long-lasting ideal/spiritual and practical project, and the main theoretical views of the attributes and conditions of its contemporary existence. The analysis of the character of the main socio-historical currents in Serbia during the 20th century - based upon the above mentioned logical theoretical, methodological and historical considerations - reveals the reasons why the project of modernity has never become a basis or, at least a relevant orientation

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Jackson, Deborah Davis. "A perfect storm: embodied workers, emplaced corporations, and delayed reflexivity in a Canadian 'Risk Society'." Journal of Political Ecology 27, no. 1 (2020): 150–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.2458/v27i1.23138.

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At the turn of the 21st century, an occupational disease epidemic began to unfold in Sarnia, Ontario, home to the petrochemical complex known as Canada's 'Chemical Valley.' Given the long latency periods for these diseases, the hazardous exposures that produced them would have occurred over a period of decades during the latter 20th century. This suggests a paradox: what accounts for unionized Canadian men working for decades in conditions that posed such grave risks to their health? Or, put in terms of Ulrich Beck's compelling and influential model: given that Chemical Valley during the secon

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21

Fields, Marjory Diana. "Women in American Labour Movement." International Journal of Public and Private Perspectives on Healthcare, Culture, and the Environment 3, no. 2 (2019): 59–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijppphce.2019070104.

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In this article, the author examines the history of exclusion and sex-based discrimination against U.S. women workers seeking to join unions established by men. The author describes how groups of women and girls working in fabric mills in the 19th Century took strike action against work speed up and increased production requirements, making demands for higher wages, equal pay with men, improved working conditions, clean water, health care and time off. Then, in the early 20th century, women teachers formed their own unions to gain increased pay and pension plans, and for social justice. These

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22

Vilasi, Antonella Colonna. "Israel and the Middle East: The creation of a Nation." Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences 9, no. 3 (2018): 47–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/mjss-2018-0047.

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Abstract In order to properly study the foundation of a State, a paradigm of thought or any other organization, we should analyze the historical context which produced the conditions for this phenomenon to happen, in all its variables and components. The Jewish question cannot certainly be relegated only to the 20th century, but surely it was the century in which the cultural, political, economic, and social debate was the expression of a collective will to create a Nation and develop and transform it into a key country in the context of global geopolitics.

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23

Polunov, Alexander Yu. "K.P. Pobedonostsev and V.V. Rozanov: “Fathers and Sons” of Russian Conservatism." Almanac “Essays on Conservatism” 60 (December 12, 2019): 124–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.24030/24092517-2019-0-4-124-131.

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The article is devoted to the analysis of the relations of two major representatives of Russian conservatism of the 19th–20th centuries, – the Ober-Procurator of the Most Hole Synod K.P. Pobedonostsev and publicist V.V. Rozanov. According to the author of the article, those relations revealed not just the personal specifics of both conservatives who initially sympathized with each other both personally and conceptually, but more the principle separation in the conservative camp that happened at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries. It reflected both the generational and ideological contradi

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Liarsky, Alexander. "A Machine for Developing a World View." Antropologicheskij forum 16, no. 45 (2020): 26–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.31250/1815-8870-2020-16-45-26-49.

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This article examines hand written school press publications of the beginning of the 20th century. It is based on a text collection of school manuscript journals and newspapers from two St Petersburg schools: the VyborgEight-yearCommercialSchool and Vvedenskaya Boys’ ClassicalSecondary School. In this article the texts are considered as a social act, i.e. as one of the mechanisms of this kind of socialization, and not only as an indicator of latter. According to the schoolchildren themselves, one of the goals of the school press was to form a world view. This article conducts a short review of

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Webster, David. "Benefit sanctions, social citizenship and the economy." Local Economy: The Journal of the Local Economy Policy Unit 34, no. 3 (2019): 316–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0269094219852336.

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Throughout the history of National Insurance in the UK, there has been relatively little emphasis on benefit conditions or sanctions (previously called disqualifications). The relevant academic literature has been correspondingly thin. But over the past three decades there has been a dramatic shift to increased conditionality in social security, accompanied by increased harshness in the penalties. This has started to spawn a substantial new literature. This review article considers three significant recent publications. Although written from different perspectives, they all conclude that the c

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Barysheva, Ekaterina A. "The Formation of the Library System of India (19th - 20th centuries)." Bibliotekovedenie [Library and Information Science (Russia)] 1, no. 2 (2016): 197–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.25281/0869-608x-2016-1-2-197-204.

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This article is devoted to the formation and development of system of public libraries in India and their place in the educational, social, cultural and informational space of the country. The formation of the library system in India occurred during the complex colonial and post-colonial periods of its history. It took place in the conditions of underdevelopment, the uneven social, political and cultural development of the regions, ethnolinguistic disunity, and mass illiteracy of the population, dominating in the society of caste, religious and gender prejudices. The article demonstrates that

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Baltezarevic, Vesna. "Social group and mobbing." Temida 12, no. 4 (2009): 77–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/tem0904077b.

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Our reality, having been subject to the numerous social crises during the last decades of the 20th century, is characterized by frequent incidences of powerlessness and alienation. The man is more frequently a subject to loneliness and overcomes the feeling of worthlessness, no matter whether he considers himself an individual or a part of a whole larger social. Such an environment leads to development of aggression in all fields of ones life. This paper has as an objective the pointing out of the mental harassment that is manifested in the working environment. There is a prevalence of mobbing

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Maurer, Jean-Luc. "The Thin Red Line between Indentured and Bonded Labour: Javanese Workers in New Caledonia in the Early 20th Century." Asian Journal of Social Science 38, no. 6 (2010): 866–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156853110x530778.

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AbstractThis short article presents a relatively unknown historical experience of indentured labour having seen thousands of Javanese workers being sent from the end of the 19th century to the outbreak of WWII by the colonial authorities of the Netherlands Indies to New Caledonia, a French colony in the south-west Pacific. Being drawn from a comprehensive study of historical sociology written in French and published in 2006, it summarises the reasons behind this odd labour migration movement and focuses on the recruitment and working conditions of these indentured labourers. Its main argument

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Ligenko, Nelli P. "SOME FACTORS ABOUT FORMATION OF THE ENTREPRENEURIAL SOCIAL STRATUM IN THE KAMA-VYATKA REGION OF THE 18th – EARLY 20th CENTURY." Historical Search 1, no. 4 (2020): 52–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.47026/2712-9454-2020-1-4-52-62.

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The article discusses the main determinants of successful entrepreneurship development in an individual provincial region of the country. Favorable natural-geographical and socio-economic conditions contributed to relatively early inclusion of the region into the development of a single all-Russian commodity market, and later a capitalist market. On the one hand, the set of necessary factors contributed to the involvement of a wide stratum of peasantry in the processes of initial accumulation of capital and the formation of the local entrepreneurial social stratum. It should be noted that the

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Vuletic, Vladimir, and Dragan Stanojevic. "Sociological issues in the first decade of 21st century: Comparative analysis of Serbia and Croatia." Sociologija 55, no. 1 (2013): 47–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/soc1301047v.

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The paper analyzes the thematic orientation of sociological works published in three sociological journals in Serbia and Croatia (Sociologija, Socioloski pregled and Revija za sociologiju) during two last decades of 20th and the first decade of 21st century. The aim of the paper, set in the opening section, is to investigate the topics which are dealt with by sociologists in Serbia during this turbulent historical period. On the basis of this analysis, answers to the following questions will be attempted: has Serbian sociology kept track, and to what extent, of the changes taking place in the

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Wang, Jin, and Xiaoyu Xie. "Traumatic Narrative in Virginia Woolf’s Novel Mrs. Dalloway." English Language and Literature Studies 7, no. 1 (2017): 18. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ells.v7n1p18.

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Virginia Woolf was one of the greatest literary artists in the 20th century, pioneering the contemporary English literature with the stream-of-consciousness technique. Mrs. Dalloway is her representative work that centers on the internal description of the characters while presenting social conditions of the postwar Britain. This paper examines traumatic narratives of the two protagonists, Clarissa Dalloway and Septimus Warren Smith, and explores implications of the war as the primordial cause of the spiritual crisis.

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Karydaki, Danae. "Freud under the Acropolis: The challenging journey of psychoanalysis in 20th-century Greece (1915–1995)." History of the Human Sciences 31, no. 4 (2018): 13–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0952695118791719.

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Psychoanalysis was introduced to Greece in 1915 by the progressive educator Manolis Triantafyllidis and was further elaborated by Marie Bonaparte, Freud’s friend and member of the Greek royal family, and her psychoanalytic group in the aftermath of the Second World War. However, the accumulated traumas of the Nazi occupation (1941–1944), the Greek Civil War (1946–1949), the post-Civil-War tension between the Left and the Right, the military junta (1967–1974) and the social and political conditions of post-war Greece led this project and all attempts to establish psychoanalysis in Greece, to fa

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Жимаева, Екатерина, and Ekaterina Zhimaeva. "Health-impaired children social integration: Russian and Non-Russian historical experience." Servis Plus 8, no. 3 (2014): 4–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/5531.

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The article is devoted to an analysis of health-impaired children social integration. The author identifies six major stages in the development of a society’s attitude towards disability as a problem and disables children as a distinct social group: from absolute rejection and even destruction of health-impaired persons to public recognition of equal rights irrespective of health conditions. In the article, the author compares Russian and European experience in health-impaired-people-targeted aid-provision and concludes that Russian experience is significantly different from that of Euro

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Nizar, Muchamad Coirun. "Pemikiran KH. Hasyim Asy’ari tentang Persatuan." Endogami: Jurnal Ilmiah Kajian Antropologi 1, no. 1 (2017): 63. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/endogami.1.1.63-74.

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KH. Hasyim Asy'ari is a national Islamic figure who existed in the early 20th century and contributed greatly to the Indonesian nation. His real contribution to the progress of Indonesian Muslims is the birth of the Nahdlatul Ulama organization which still exists and has many followers. This paper will describe KH. Hasyim Asyari’s thought about unity in the book Al Muqaddimah Al-Qanun Al Asasi Li Jam'iyyah Nahdlatul Ulama 'as well as the historical socio-conditions that lie behind this thought. The idea of unity is the central idea in the book, and it included national unity and religious unit

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Bilousova, Liliia. "Emigration of Jews from Odessa to Argentina in the Late 19th - Early 20th century." Mìžnarodnì zv’âzki Ukraïni: naukovì pošuki ì znahìdki, no. 29 (November 10, 2020): 35–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/mzu2020.29.036.

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The article deals with the history of emigration of Jews from the south of Ukraine to Argentina in the late 19th - early 20th century and the role of Odessa in the organizational, economic and educational support of the resettlement process. An analysis of the transformation of the idea of the Argentine project from the beginning of compact settlements to the possibility of creating a Jewish state in Patagonia is given. There are provided such aspects as reasons, preconditions and motives of emigration, its stages and results, the exceptional contribution of the businessman and philanthropis

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Pełczyński, Grzegorz. "Rosyjscy baptyści i ewangeliczni chrześcijanie w latach dwudziestych XX wieku." Przegląd Wschodnioeuropejski 8, no. 2 (2018): 73–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.31648/pw.3572.

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Among many religious minorities in Russia there are two important: Baptists and Evangelical Christians. Their roots are in XIX century. The unification of the groups was possible in the conditions of religious tolerance which appeared after the year 1905. The 1920s of the 20th century was the period of rich development for the Evangelical Christians as well Baptists – they constituted one million people. The fall of tsarism and later turmoils due to the Russian revolution were the reason why so many inhabitants of Russia eagerly joined the communities of Evangelical Christians and Baptists. Ju

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Shi, Qian Fei. "The Civic Apartment for the Aged in the Background of Chinese Population Ageing." Advanced Materials Research 250-253 (May 2011): 4005–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.250-253.4005.

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At the end of 20th century, our country has already entered population aging stage. Along with the aggravation of the population ageing, the change of people’s viewpoint, it makes residential elderly-living mode turned into social elderly-living mode and the apartment for aged also springs up gradually. The paper introduce the development of the foreign representative apartment for the aged and the welfare history of policies and present conditions, analysis the problems of our country’s apartment for the aged and the future development directions of it.

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Hernandez Falagan, David. "Hacia una arquitectura pragmática. El caso de Tous y Fargas." VLC arquitectura. Research Journal 4, no. 2 (2017): 119. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/vlc.2017.6952.

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<p>Tous &amp; Fargas were a unique case in the field of Spanish architecture of the second half of the 20th century. From the technical and industrial experimentation of their first works, they developed a nonconformist architecture within the realistic conditions characteristic of the time, propitiated by the economic, political and social context. Despite of this, they achieved a remarkable success carrying out designs of technological type and giving support to the industrial innovation of constructive systems. However, during the last stage of their collaboration, traits characte

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Vanstone, Maurice. "The Engineer, the Educationalist, and the Feminist Writer: National Champions and the Development of Probation in Europe." European Journal of Probation 1, no. 2 (2009): 89–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/206622030900100202.

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Probation developed throughout the world as a result of a variety of different elements and social conditions coinciding within a relatively short period of time at the end of the 19th century and beginning of the 20th century. Amongst these were the efforts of a number of people from different disciplines who shared an interest in giving people who were at the beginning of their criminal careers a second chance. This paper highlights the contributions of three of these people in an attempt to throw more light on how the concept of probation passed into law, how it attracted disparate interest

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Vagni, Tito. "Mídia e representação do cinismo no drama político." MATRIZes 11, no. 2 (2017): 79. http://dx.doi.org/10.11606/issn.1982-8160.v11i2p79-91.

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This essay proposes an investigation on the forms of contemporary cynicism, combining the interpretation of political drama with reflections of the daily life sociology, particularly referring to Simmel, Goffman and De Certeau. In an expanded historical perspective from the 21st century metropolis to the communication media of the 20th century, it proposes a reconstruction of the political action and of certain moment of its imagination. A moment that shall be studied as from its relations with money, time acceleration and sensory overstimulation, which institute a new image of social relation

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Perisic, Natalija. "Welfare state: Evolution of an idea." Sociologija 50, no. 2 (2008): 207–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/soc0802207p.

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Originating from the so-called 'care of the poor', with substantially modified functions in later periods (which in turn determined its scope), the contemporary welfare state is currently at a crossroads, after the profound influence it exerted on the transformation of 20th century capitalism. Changes in conditions and circumstances in which it operates, in resources at its disposal, and in social forces defending it raise a number of questions regarding its survival. This in turn has consequences on the (achieved and future) level of social security of the population, and on the humanization

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Bacher, John C., and J. David Hulchanski. "Keeping Warm and Dry: The Policy Response to the Struggle for Shelter Among Canada's Homeless, 1900-1960." Articles 16, no. 2 (2013): 147–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1017786ar.

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During the first six decades of the 20th century, the social security safety net designed to protect Canadians from destitution has seen many holes. Despite the well documented extent of misery, conservative attitudes of prejudice against the poor through these years prevented the development of an effective community response to poverty and substandard housing conditions. This paper examines the evolution of the Canadian welfare state over three periods. It finds that while a social security system of old age pensions, family allowances and unemployment insurance had emerged by the end of the

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Закутня, А. Ю. "Printed advertising of the end of the 19th — the first half of the 20th centuries in the context of a search of a source basis for a detailed description of the Ukrainian urban koine of this period." Studia Philologica, no. 10 (2018): 39–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.28925/2311-2425.2018.10.6.

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The city as a peculiar form of social organization is interesting for the representatives of many trends of scientific research: economists, sociologists, culturologists, historians, linguists. The subject of our interest is the functioning of the Ukrainian language in the cities of Bukovyna and Galicia at the end of the 19th century — the first half of the 20th century, in the urban environment of the Ukrainian diaspora settlement. Historical and socio-political conditions of the formation of the Ukrainian city koinй as one of the preconditions for the development of Ukrainian literature (par

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DAVIS, DAVID A. "The Irony of Southern Modernism." Journal of American Studies 49, no. 3 (2015): 457–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021875814002448.

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In the first half of the 20th century, the US South lagged behind the Northeast in social and economic development, but in the 1920s and 1930s writers from the US South produced texts that used modernist aesthetic forms to depict poor, rural living conditions. This essay argues that ruralism in the South was a product of modernization, and that cultural development in southern literature preceded modernization, yielding texts that employ a discontinuous narrative technique to depict the rural regions, such as William Faulkner's As I Lay Dying and James Agee's and Walker Evans Let Us Now Praise

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Gagen, Elizabeth A. "An Example to Us All: Child Development and Identity Construction in Early 20th-Century Playgrounds." Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space 32, no. 4 (2000): 599–616. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/a3237.

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At the turn of the 20th century, children's play came under new and heightened scrutiny by urban reformers. As conditions in US cities threatened traditional notions of order, reformers sought new ways to direct urban-social development. In this paper I explore playground reform as an institutional response that aimed to produce and promote ideal gender identities in children. Supervised summer playgrounds were established across the United States as a means of drawing children off the street and into a corrective environment. Drawing from literature published by the Playground Association of

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Menteş, Aliye, and Valentina Donà. "Transformation of Cinema Buildings and Spaces in Nicosia: Early-Mid 20th Century Heritage." ATHENS JOURNAL OF ARCHITECTURE 7, special issue (2021): 199–226. http://dx.doi.org/10.30958/aja.7-0-4.

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Cinemas emerged as a new and genuine expression of culture at the beginning of the 20th century. In the 1920s cinema buildings became important for developing city life and especially as a social public space for entertainment. The period of great success of cinemas was inevitably destined to fade with the arrival of TV. However, this period left behind interesting architectural heritage. On the other hand, the “box of dreams”, the cinema industry, is a suggestive media contributing in defining other aspects of popular culture in a period of hectic changes and progress. The scope of this paper

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Armstrong, David. "Clinical prediction and the idea of a population." Social Studies of Science 47, no. 2 (2017): 288–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0306312716685926.

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Using an analysis of the British Medical Journal over the past 170 years, this article describes how changes in the idea of a population have informed new technologies of medical prediction. These approaches have largely replaced older ideas of clinical prognosis based on understanding the natural histories of the underlying pathologies. The 19th-century idea of a population, which provided a denominator for medical events such as births and deaths, was constrained in its predictive power by its method of enumerating individual bodies. During the 20th century, populations were increasingly con

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Wong, David, and Harold Hernández Lefranc. "Luis Banchero Rossi (1955-1972), the best entrepreneur in Peru’s fishmeal industry: market governance, social capital, and embeddedness." Journal of Evolutionary Studies in Business 6, no. 2 (2021): 151–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1344/jesb2021.2.j095.

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In the 20th century, Peru was one of the major fishmeal producers worldwide. Luis Banchero Rossi (1929-1972) was the main driving force behind this economic boom. This article discusses how, given a set of historical conditions favoring such a setting, Banchero’s business performance surpassed that of other Peruvian and foreign producers in the industry, and enabled this development. This research uses complementary methodologies; i.e., case study work and financial databases. The authors find that Banchero’s share in Peru’s total exports reached 15.3 % in 1968, far above the next largest Peru

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Platmir, Yaroslav. "Social processes at the beginning of the 20th сentury in understanding of the Dnipro Ukraine’s intellectuals". Roxolania Historĭca = Historical Roxolania 1 (13 листопада 2018): 80. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/30180105.

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At the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries Ukraine did not have a national state, was divided into two large regions, which were part of the Russian and Austro-Hungarian empires. Therefore, Ukrainian intellectuals had to live and work in difficult political conditions, often going to very substantial compromises with imperial forces, represented by both Russian officials and comparatively more numerous Russian intellectual circles. This had a significant impact on the nature and tasks of the Ukrainian movement, substantially corrected both tactical steps and a general strategic course towards

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Thompson, Eric C. "Anthropology in Southeast Asia: National Traditions and Transnational Practices." Asian Journal of Social Science 40, no. 5-6 (2012): 664–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15685314-12341264.

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Abstract Over several generations, since the mid-20th century, anthropology has become an established academic discipline throughout much of Southeast Asia. Academic anthropology in Southeast Asia is emerging as a scholarly practice driven increasingly by local initiatives and dynamics, though still maintaining ties to global academic networks. The purpose of this article is to contribute to an assessment and understanding of the national traditions and transnational practices of anthropology in Southeast Asia through a comparative perspective. I focus on four national traditions — those of In

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