Journal articles: 'Zimbabwean banking sector'

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Abel, Sanderson, Alex Bara, and Pierre Le Roux. "Evaluating Bank Cost Efficiency Using Stochastic Frontier Analysis." Journal of Economics and Behavioral Studies 11, no. 3(J) (July 18, 2019): 48–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.22610/jebs.v11i3(j).2868.

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The study seeks to assess the cost efficiency of the commercial banks in Zimbabwe using the stochastic frontier analysis. The cost efficiency of the Zimbabwean banks is estimated using the trans-log stochastic frontier approach. The Stochastic Frontier Analysis methodology is among the host of methods that has been used to measure banking sector efficiency. The analysis of cost efficiency of commercial banks has important implications for the economy since an efficient banking system has potential to reduce interest rates which can lead to increased investment and growth for the economy. The cost of doing business in Zimbabwe is perceived to be high hence improved bank efficiency has the potential to reduce the cost of doing business. The average cost efficiency scores for the Zimbabwean banks over the study period show that the banking sector in Zimbabwe experiencing 17 percent inefficiency. The efficiency levels have been declining over the years reflecting increased resource wastage in the system. The study recommends that the banking institutions should continue to innovate so as to reduce their inefficiencies.

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Abel, Sanderson, and Pierre Le Roux. "Evaluating Market Power in the Zimbabwean Banking Sector." Journal of Economic and Financial Sciences 10, no. 2 (November 6, 2017): 274–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/jef.v10i2.17.

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The study evaluates the nature of market structure, and the degree and determinants of market power in the Zimbabwean banking sector during the period 2009-2014. The study employs the Lerner Index approach method to assess the market power of banks. The Lerner Index approach assists in measuring the extent to which a bank has market power to set its price above marginal cost. The study results established that the banking sector operates under monopolistic competition, confirming that banks possess some market power in pricing their products. This is a result of the nature of products sold by the banking sector, which are differentiated but close substitutes. The study found that the market power of banks increased during the period and was derailed by the memorandum of association which was signed between banks and the central bank. The study established that market power is determined by capital adequacy, non-performing loans, liquidity risk, cost income ratio, economic growth, and regulatory interventions. The study recommends that the government should ensure that it puts in place measures that enhance economic growth and should desist from interfering with the operations of market forces.

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Maune, Alexander. "A talmudic perspective of the Zimbabwean banking crisis of 2004/2005." Risk Governance and Control: Financial Markets and Institutions 5, no. 3 (2015): 104–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.22495/rgcv5i3c1art2.

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This article reviews the Zimbabwean banking crisis of 2004/2005 from a Talmudic perspective using seven Talmudic halachic principles: honest weights and measures, transparency and accountability, deception, fraud and theft, conflict of interest, bribery, outright and subtle, misleading others, and honesty in business. Each principle is used to review the activities and behaviours that nearly collapsed the entire Zimbabwean banking sector in 2004/2005. It was found that almost all the principles were violated prior to the banking crisis. In conclusion, had all the parties involved acted in the spirit of the Talmudic rabbis, the Zimbabwean banking crisis would not have occurred. This article has therefore business and academic value.

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Abel, Sanderson, and Pierre Le Roux. "An application of Panzar-Rosse Approach in assessing banking sector competition in Zimbabwe." Journal of Economic and Financial Sciences 9, no. 2 (December 18, 2017): 455–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/jef.v9i2.52.

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This paper assesses the level of competition in Zimbabwe’s banking sector using the Panzar-Rosse H-statistic. The H-Statistic has been assessed, using the total revenues regression equation, and applying the panel least square regression model with fixed effects. The H-statistics is estimated at 0.56, which result is confirmed, using bank random effects and the General methods of moments. The H-statics obtained from the two methods are 0.54 and 0.51 for the random effect and generalised methods of moments, respectively. The results confirm the presence of monopolistic competition. On an annual basis, the results show that the Zimbabwean banking sector is evolving towards perfect competition. There is need for the government to desist from tampering with market forces as this reduces the amount of competition. This study is important, as there are limited studies on the competition of the banking sector in dollarized economies. Dollarized economies are peculiar in that their characteristics differ from non-dollarized economies.

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Maune, Alexander. "Competitive intelligence as an important contributor to the growth of banks: A Zimbabwean perspective." Journal of Governance and Regulation 3, no. 3 (2014): 81–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.22495/jgr_v3_i3_c1_p2.

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This paper explores how competitive intelligence has been an important contributor of growth in banks in Zimbabwe and how the banks are making use of competitive intelligence for such growth. The paper used a descriptive cross-sectional research methodology. Data was collected through questionnaires and interviews. Purposive and stratified sampling methods were used. The paper found that most Zimbabwean banks have undertaken competitive intelligence in one way or another for strategic planning and better understanding the competitive business environment and competitors. The findings from this research will assist the entire banking sector and will be of great academic value.

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Chitimira, Howard, and Elfas Torerai. "The Nexus between Mobile Money Regulation, Innovative Technology and the Promotion of Financial Inclusion in Zimbabwe." Potchefstroom Electronic Law Journal 24 (June 29, 2021): 1–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/1727-3781/2021/v24i0a10739.

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The advent of mobile money innovations has given people in rural areas, informal settlements and other poor communities an opportunity to participate in Zimbabwe's mainstream financial economy. However, the technology-driven money services have presented some challenges to the traditional banking sector in general and the regulation of financial services in particular. Firstly, most mobile money services are products of telecommunication corporations, which are not banks. Telecommunication companies use their network reach to provide mobile money services via mobile devices at a cheaper cost than banks across the country in Zimbabwe. As such, banks face unprecedented competition from telecommunications companies that are venturing into financial services. It also appears that prudential regulation of banks cannot keep up with the fast pace at which technological innovations are developing and this has created a disjuncture between the regulation and the use of technological innovations to promote financial inclusion in Zimbabwe. The Banking Act [Chapter 24:20] 9 of 1999, the Reserve Bank of Zimbabwe Act [Chapter 22:15] 5 of 1999 and the National Payment Systems Act [Chapter 24:23] 21 of 2001 have a limited scope in terms of the regulation of mobile money services in Zimbabwe. The Ministry of Finance and Economic Development launched the National Financial Inclusion Strategy (NFIS) 2016-2020 to provide impetus to the financial inclusion of the poor, unbanked and low-income earners in Zimbabwe. However, the NFIS appears to push more for bank-led financial inclusion than it does for innovation-driven initiatives such as mobile money services. This article highlights the positive influence of mobile money services in improving financial inclusion for the poor, unbanked and low-income earners in Zimbabwe. The article also seeks to point out gaps and flaws in the financial services regulatory framework that may limit the potential of mobile money services to reach more people so that they actively participate in the Zimbabwean economy. It is submitted that the Zimbabwean mobile money services regulations and the financial regulatory framework should be carefully amended in line with the recent innovations in mobile money to adequately regulate the use of mobile money services and innovative technology to address the financial exclusion of the poor, unbanked and low-income earners in Zimbabwe.

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Chokuda, Tinevimbo, Wilford Mawanza, and Farai Chimboza. "The Impact of Emerging Market Trends on the Development and Marketing of Financial Service Products in Zimbabwe Post Dollarization." Journal of Economics and Behavioral Studies 8, no. 6(J) (January 24, 2017): 216–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.22610/jebs.v8i6(j).1495.

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Abstract: The research sought to analyse the impact of emerging market trends as measured by competition, technology and consumer demographics on the development and marketing of financial service products in Zimbabwe post dollarization. The Zimbabwean financial service sector has been largely characterised by new and changing market trends since dollarization. These trends have largely manifested in the form of entrance of new players in the market, a growing informal sector at the expense of the formal financial sector and the emergence of new technology paving way for the need to develop and market new financial service products. There is therefore need for financial service providers in Zimbabwe to continually embrace innovative product development and marketing strategies so as to shape banking products to fit consumersâ€™ evolving financial needs much of which are well beyond the realm of traditional banking products. An explanatory research design was adopted in conjunction with a descriptive research design. Results from the study indicate that the entry of new financial institutions, removal of barriers between institutions, emergence of non-regulated financial institutions, increased consumer access to financial information owing to increased adoption of technology, market fragmentation and increased formal unemployment have a significant impact on the way financial service products are structured, provisioned. In light of that, it is recommended that financial service providers should design and tailor new business models to suit the emerging market environment.Keywords: Emerging market trends, development, financial services, Zimbabwe, post-dollarization

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Mafukata, Mavhungu Abel, Grace Kancheya, and Willie Dhlandhlara. "Adoption And Non-Adoption Of Mainstream Formal Banking Systems Amongst Low Income Earners In South Africa, Zambia And Zimbabwe." International Journal of Finance & Banking Studies (2147-4486) 4, no. 1 (January 21, 2015): 37–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.20525/ijfbs.v4i1.203.

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The majority of income earners of small-scale informal economic sectors in most developing regions abstain from mainstream formal banking systems. These income earners rather “bank” informally. Mainstream formal banking institutions also argue that low income earners are “unbankable” and posed business risk. However, emerging literature posits that low income earners would instead provide a profitable formal niche market. Trends with regard adoption and non-adoption of mainstream formal banking systems amongst small income groups were mixed. This paper investigates such patterns in South Africa, Zambia and Zimbabwe. The results of this paper revealed that the informal cross-border traders who trade between Zambia and South Africa were good adopters of mainstream formal banking. The results however found a sharp contrast in Zambia. In Nyanga, Zimbabwe, the results of this paper revealed that there were a few respondents who had adopted mainstream formal banking while 47.2% of communal cattle farmers in South Africa had adopted mainstream formal banking systems through savings against 52.8% who were left out. Adoption or non-adoption of mainstream formal banking systems patterns vary from region to region, and sector to sector even where income earners were almost equals in terms of household income earnings. Mobile banking and low transaction costs might provide motivation for small-scale income earners to adopt mainstream formal banking.

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Dzomira, Shewangu. "Plastic Money and Electronic Banking Services Espousal vis-a-viz Financial Identity Theft Fraud Risk Awareness in a Developing Country." Journal of Economics and Behavioral Studies 9, no. 5 (October 21, 2017): 255–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.22610/jebs.v9i5.1928.

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Exploitation of plastic money coupled with electronic banking services has come as expediency to financial establishment customers in Zimbabwe. This paper sought to analyze plastic money and electronic banking services espousal vis-a-viz financial identity theft fraud risk awareness in Zimbabwe banking sector via banksâ€™ websites. The theoretical underpinning for this study is Routine Activity Theory. The study used qualitative content analysis research technique for examination of the text content data through the consistent taxonomy process of coding and classifying themes or patterns to submit a painstaking considerate of financial identity theft fraud awareness by the banking sector in Zimbabwe. A sample size of 14 banks (including commercial, merchant and building societies) was used and the banks were arbitrarily chosen on the basis of website accessibility and ease of use of the data. The study findings suggest that there is very little financial identity theft awareness in Zimbabwe by the banking sector through their websites to the general public whilst there is amplified adoption of plastic money and electronic banking adoption. This study proposes a need to amplify the information and inform plastic card and electronic banking customers of the types of financial identity theft fraud. Plastic card and electronic banking is an urgent area to focus on for banking institutions and should inexorably capitalize in it. Financial identity theft information should be easily retrievable and conveyed in a manner that makes reasonableness to the varied customers.

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10

Maune, Alexander. "A conceptual analysis of the role of competitive intelligence in Zimbabwe’s banking sector." Journal of Governance and Regulation 3, no. 4 (2014): 125–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.22495/jgr_v3_i4_c1_p5.

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This article aims to provide a conceptual framework and analysis of the role of competitive intelligence in Zimbabwe`s banking sector. The article used literature and conceptual research approach. Literature review has shown the concept of competitive intelligence to be multidimensional, with a multitude of varying definitions, as well as multifaceted and fuzzy. The concept of competitive intelligence has been presented variously as a process, a function, a product or a mix of all three. Literature review has also shown numerous intelligence concepts that are linked to the concept of competitive intelligence. This article will increase the academic understanding and state of the concept of competitive intelligence in Zimbabwe`s banking sector as well as assisting the entire banking sector

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Z. Mukonoweshuro, Jeskinus, Cleopas Sanangura, and Elias Munapo. "The role of servant leadership and emotional intelligence in managerial performance in a commercial banking sector in Zimbabwe." Banks and Bank Systems 11, no. 3 (October 12, 2016): 94–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/bbs.11(3).2016.10.

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The constructs of servant leadership (SL) and emotional intelligence (EI) have gained considerable interest in the discipline of managerial leadership, both within academic discourse and in the human capital management and development arena. However, empirical evidence showed the need for further research on both constructs using the mixed methods approach. The purpose of this research was to explore the role of an integrated servant leadership and emotional intelligence leadership skills program in enhancing leadership performance in Zimbabwe’s commercial banking sector. A mixed methods research triangulation concurrent design was adopted for the research study conducted from 2014 to 2015. A survey questionnaire was used to collect quantitative data from 211 middle, senior and executive managerial staff in the commercial banking sector. SPSS version 22.0 was used to analyze the quantitative data. Qualitative data were collected from a purposive sample of eight senior to executive managers using a structured interview guide and multimedia recording equipment. The qualitative data were analyzed using NVIVO version 10 software package to create themes. The findings showed that servant leadership and emotional intelligence characteristics complement each other and both constructs can be integrated into a managerial leadership program used to develop leadership soft skills or competencies. The findings also showed that both SL and EI skills had a positive influence in enhancing the managers’ effectiveness in undertaking leadership responsibilities and on leadership qualitative performance measures such as articulating vision and strategy, building and sustaining productive organizational culture, development and retention of talent, enhancing employee engagement, improving stakeholder relationship management, retaining bank customers, promotion of diversity, value creation and community involvement. The study led to the development of an integrated SL and EI soft skills leadership program and model which, if implemented, could lead to leadership skills development and performance enhancement. Keywords: leadership, competencies, servant leadership and emotional intelligence. JEL Classification: E58, G21, M12

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Mugobo, Virimai, and Misheck Mutize. "The effects of shadow banking on the traditional banking system in Zimbabwe." Journal of Governance and Regulation 4, no. 4 (2015): 605–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.22495/jgr_v4_i4_c5_p5.

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The growth of shadow banks changed the face of banking in Zimbabwe. Their inconsistent product nature and complexity of form has been a cause for concern to regulatory authorities. The interrelationship between their financial intermediary role and that of formal banks has made them good substitutes to formal banking. This study conducts a statistical analysis of the country’s monetary aggregates and the total formal bank loan-to-deposits balances. The findings of this analysis show that the shadow banking system has always been a critical element of the formal banking sector which resulted from market needs and it completes the banking system. The shadow banking system does not pose direct threat to the formal banking system but it was a result of failure to attract savers who found shadow banks as a good alternative.

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Pfumorodze, Jimcall, and Jennifer Chishamiso Nzonzo. "Some Reflections on Corporate Governance in the Banking Sector in Zimbabwe." Indian Journal of Corporate Governance 3, no. 1 (January 2010): 51–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0974686220100104.

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Tsaurai, Kunofiwa. "The Dynamics, Challenges and Transition of Banking Sector Development in Zimbabwe." Journal of Developing Areas 52, no. 3 (2018): 85–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/jda.2018.0038.

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15

Lettiah Gumbo, Precious Dube, and Muhammad Ridwan. "Empowering Women through Financial Inclusion in Zimbabwe Is the Gender Gap Not Encroaching This Noble Cause?" Konfrontasi: Jurnal Kultural, Ekonomi dan Perubahan Sosial 8, no. 1 (March 31, 2021): 53–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.33258/konfrontasi2.v8i1.141.

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One of the most effective catalysts of economic growth of any nation is obviously financial inclusion. However, in developing countries such as Zimbabwe gender gap is still an impediment to the achievement of financial inclusion for all. Research findings for this paper show that, increasing women’s financial opportunities and financial awareness on how to access financial products and services will go a long way in reducing the gender gap. Furthermore, increasing access to and use of quality financial products and services is essential to inclusive economic growth and poverty reduction. Although the government of Zimbabwe is taking steps to increase women financial inclusiveness, research shows that women in Zimbabwe trail behind men in as far as access to financial services is concerned. Zimbabwean communities remain dominantly patriarchal and women are always lagging behind in developmental projects meant for their empowerment. This paper seeks to assess the implementation of women’s financial inclusion highlighting opportunities and barriers such as the gender gap and how this may be overcome. The study is qualitative in nature and therefore makes use of interviews and questionnaires for data collection. It is envisioned by the researchers that the research findings will be beneficial to women; their empowerment and development and national development. It is hoped to change the way in which the banking and financial sectors deal with women’s financial inclusion for the betterment of their livelihoods. Furthermore, women’s financial empowerment will improve livelihoods of many families given the caring nature of mothers, sisters, aunts and grandmothers.

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Tsaurai, Kunofiwa. "An analysis of the sufficiency of credit risk management framework in the banking sector in Zimbabwe." Corporate Ownership and Control 10, no. 1 (2012): 515–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.22495/cocv10i1c5art3.

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The research investigates sufficiency of credit risk management policies of banks in Zimbabwe from 2000 to 2007 using the E-Views statistical software package. The regression model suggests that high non performing loans were due to inefficient management of the banks’ credit risk activities. An inverse relationship between non performing loans and credit risk management competency was also detected. The t-statistic for size of the bank was found to be closer to 1.5 and that shows the size of the bank has a bearing on both the level of non performing loans and the sufficiency of credit risk management frameworks. The author therefore recommends enough credit risk management frameworks be instituted in Zimbabwe banking sector to ensure financial sector stability.

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Mazuru, Walter, Nhamo Mashavira, and Clainos Chidoko. "Green Information Technology and its Implication for Business Strategy in the Banking Sector in Zimbabwe." Greener Journal of Business and Management Studies 3, no. 8 (October 20, 2013): 351–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.15580/gjbms.2013.8.102113912.

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Sibanda, Mabutho, and Laurine Chikoko. "An Evaluation of Banking Sector Regulatory Capital in a Multicurrency Economy: A Case for Zimbabwe." Journal of Economics 5, no. 1 (April 2014): 67–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09765239.2014.11884985.

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Mugova, Shame, and Paul R. Sachs. "Corporate governance, structure and accountability as affected by national government infrastructure in developing countries." Corporate Ownership and Control 13, no. 4 (2016): 224–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.22495/cocv13i4c1p7.

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Businesses in developing countries face different challenges than those in economically developed countries. Markets and supply chains are less well-established. Dissemination of information is uneven. Because governmental infrastructure has limited ability to support business operations, businesses take on responsibilities that elsewhere are handled by a central government. This study reviews key elements of corporate governance. The study then reviews the banking and manufacturing sectors in Zimbabwe with attention to the presence or absence of financial infrastructure, legal infrastructure, market challenges, supply chain and government involvement to support corporate governance structures and systems. Recommendations for policy and practice changes are recommended. The present analysis of Zimbabwe can guide research on and policy recommendations for governance in other developing countries

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Mashingaidze, Sivave. "Customer experience management: New game strategy for competitiveness." Journal of Governance and Regulation 3, no. 3 (2014): 52–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.22495/jgr_v3_i3_p6.

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The main objective of this article was to do an extensive literature review of articles on customer experience management to explain the relationship between customer experience management and its factors which are supply chain management, location experience, packaging and labeling experience, atmosphere, service mix experience, promotion, customer experience, brand experience, and price experience for recommendation to the banking sector in Zimbabwe. Five modules of customer experience management which are sense, feel, think, act, and relate have also been reviewed and explored in the literature review. Findings showed that customer experience management factors contribute very much as a strategy to competitiveness in business. The article concluded by suggesting and recommending the adopting of customer experience management as a new game strategy

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Lloyd, Nhodo. "Jostling for Clientele in the Wake of a Dollarized Economy in Zimbabwe: A Case Study of the Banking Sector in Masvingo Urban." Greener Journal of Social Sciences 3, no. 10 (December 20, 2013): 504–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.15580/gjss.2013.10.100313880.

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Mazikana, Anthony Tapiwa. "The Effectiveness of Relationship Marketing Strategies in Driving a Competitive Advantage: A Case of Zimbabwean Banking Sector." SSRN Electronic Journal, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3487586.

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Abel, Sanderson. "Cost efficiency and non-performing loans: An application of the Granger causality test." Journal of Economic and Financial Sciences 11, no. 1 (May 16, 2018). http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/jef.v11i1.170.

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This study evaluated the nexus between cost efficiency and non-performing loans (NPLs) in the Zimbabwean banking sector for the period 2009–2014. The study was motivated by the increase in NPLs in the banking sector while banks have been accused of profiteering through excessive bank charges and interest rates. The study contributes to the literature on the relationship between efficiency and NPLs, which is a controversial area. The study established that the average cost efficiency was 81%. It increased from 70% to 88% between 2009 and 2014. It declined in 2012 and 2013 because of slowdown in economic activity. The study established that cost efficiency negatively Granger-causes NPLs, supporting the bad management hypothesis implying that the low level of efficiency was a result of poor credit management which led to a deterioration in the quality of banks’ loan books. Although poor credit policies might look lucrative in the short run, they have detrimental effects on the quality of the loan books of banks in the long run. The policy recommendation drawn from the results is that credit managers should adhere to the international best practice in managing credit.

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"An Analysis of the Impact of Shareholder Activism in Corporate Governance: The Case of the Zimbabwean Banking Sector." Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences, November 1, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.5901/mjss.2014.v5n25p11.

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Shambira, Leonard. "EXPLORING THE ADOPTION OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN THE ZIMBABWE BANKING SECTOR." European Journal of Social Sciences Studies 5, no. 6 (November 15, 2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.46827/ejsss.v5i6.942.

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This study examines how far the Zimbabwe banking sector has progressed in adopting AI (Artificial Intelligence) technology in their banking processes. According to PwC’s AI impact index which looks at 300 AI use cases around the globe the technology will contribute US$15.7 trillion to the global economy by 2030 boosting the GDP of individual countries by up to 26%. AI technology enables computers to mimic human intelligence so that they can learn, sense, think and act in order to achieve automation and gain analytic insights. The study revealed that the drivers for adopting AI in the banking sector are customer satisfaction, cost reduction and the need to better manage risk and the barriers to adoption of AI are lack of AI knowledge, lack of resources including AI talent and establishing governance for ethical AI, data privacy and other security issues. The primary data was collected using survey as a research strategy, the data was collected from 120 bank employees across ten banks. The study also revealed that the banking sector in Zimbabwe has adopted AI embedded in their banking software to enhance bank processes and also to enhance security and risk control and only 16% of the surveyed banks had adopted some form of AI to enhance customer interaction and experience in the form of chatbots. Article visualizations:<img src="/-counters-/edu_01/0732/a.php" alt="Hit counter" />

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Maune, Alexander. "A CONCEPTUAL ANALYSIS OF THE ROLE OF COMPETITIVE INTELLIGENCE IN ZIMBABWE`S BANKING SECTOR." Journal of Governance and Regulation 3, no. 4 (2014). http://dx.doi.org/10.22495/jgr_v3_i4_c2_p5.

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Mhembwe, Smart, and Ernest Dube. "The role of cooperatives in sustaining the livelihoods of rural communities: The case of rural cooperatives in Shurugwi District, Zimbabwe." Jàmbá: Journal of Disaster Risk Studies 9, no. 1 (April 24, 2017). http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/jamba.v9i1.341.

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The main focus of the research was to analyse the role of cooperatives in sustaining the livelihoods of local rural communities in Shurugwi District in Zimbabwe. Descriptive survey design was used in this mixed method approach to the study. A questionnaire, interviews and observation methods were employed as the main research instruments. Purposive sampling technique was adopted and data were collected from government officials and from members of the six cooperatives in Shurugwi District. A total of 50 research participants were involved in the study. It was found that cooperatives were established as a strategy to sustain livelihoods of rural communities. With the adoption of cooperatives, people in the rural communities managed to generate employment, boost food production, empower the marginalised, especially women, and promote social cohesion and integration, thereby improving their livelihoods and reducing poverty. Most cooperatives face a number of challenges that include lack of financial support, poor management and lack of management skills, and lack of competitive markets to sell their produce. The study recommends that the government and the banking sector render financial support to cooperatives in rural communities to allow them to expand and diversify their business operations; constant training on leadership and management skills is provided to cooperatives’ members. There is also a need for cooperatives, especially those in the agricultural sector, to form some producer associations so as to easily market their produce. Lastly, the study recommends that future research should focus on investigating issues that hinder the growth of the cooperative movement in rural communities of Zimbabwe. It is hoped that policy-makers, the academia and communities would benefit from the study.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Zimbabwean banking sector'

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