Relevant bibliographies by topics / Zimbabwean property

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'Zimbabwean property'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 29 July 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Zimbabwean property"

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Tsabora, James. "Reflections on the Constitutional Regulation of Property and Land Rights under the 2013 Zimbabwean Constitution." Journal of African Law 60, no. 2 (2016): 213–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s002185531600005x.

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AbstractProperty rights discourse, particularly the scope, nature, distribution, redistribution, recognition and protection of property rights, has dominated debate in African post-colonial property rights systems. In Zimbabwe, property rights law has been a contested space since the colonial era. That the property rights system is a contested arena is particularly so in view of the fact that colonial subjugation in Zimbabwe was characterized, in a very important way, by politically motivated land dispossession and, consequently, inequitable property rights distribution patterns. As a result, Zimbabwe's property rights law has always responded to mainstream, albeit fluid, political and economic undercurrents. This has meant that mainstream historical and contemporary debates have provided the context for understanding the constitutional regulation of property and land rights in Zimbabwe. This article assesses the constitutional regulation of constitutional property and land rights in Zimbabwe, and the conflicts and tension that are accommodated in the constitutional property rights framework.
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Ngonisa, Cryin. "Zimbabwean Intellectual Property Laws: Lessons for SMEs: A Narrative Review." International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science VII, no. VII (2023): 1821–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.47772/ijriss.2023.70841.

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Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) play a crucial role and contribute significantly to the economic growth and social development by creating jobs and poverty reduction of countries either developed or developing. On the other hand there is increase in intellectual property infringements and SMEs have not been spared world over. In any effort to protect innovators, governments have enacted laws and Zimbabwe has not been an exception. The Constitution has been used to derive the laws on property rights. Both empirical and theoretical literature review were done on studies done elsewhere and laws of Zimbabwe respectively. The findings from the literature review show that authorities in the world and Zimbabwean laws support innovation and SMEs are protected by the laws that are enacted. Resultantly, it is recommended that its laws must be aligned with the current trends to arrest changes in technology.
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Piotrowska, Agnieszka. "Who is the author of Neria (1992) – and is it a Zimbabwean masterpiece or a neo-colonial enterprise?" Journal of Screenwriting 11, no. 3 (2020): 287–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/josc_00034_1.

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This article focuses on the Zimbabwean film Neria (1992), arguably one of the most important films in the history of sub-Saharan Africa. Directed by the Black Zimbabwean Godwin Mawuru, it was the first feminist film in Zimbabwe and in the region, highlighting the plight of women who become the property of their brothers-in-law after their husbands die. The article addresses the issues of the origins of the story and the authorship of the screenplay. On the final reel of the film, the story credit names the accomplished Zimbabwean female novelist, Tsitsi Dangarembga; while the screenplay credit names Louise Riber. Riber served as the film’s White American editor and co-producer who, with her husband John Riber, managed the Media for Development Fund in Zimbabwe. The key question of this article is simple: who wrote the screenplay for Neria? Through the physical and metaphorical journey of this research, we discover that the story is based on the personal experiences of Anna Mawuru, the director’s mother. This is the first time that this fact has surfaced. As such, this article also offers some reflections on issues of adaption/translation, particularly in the context of postcolonial collaborations.
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Nyathi, Albert, and Wonder Maguraushe. "The implementation of intellectual property rights to enhance music business in Zimbabwe: Challenges and prospects." African Musicology Online 12, no. 1 (2023): xx. http://dx.doi.org/10.58721/amo.v12i1.214.

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In the Zimbabwe music industry, the issue of copyright law implementation has been problematic with intellectual property rights violations plaguing the society and resulting in musicians failing to fully benefit financially from their creations. This study is an attempt to find out how musicians are benefiting from their intellectual property that is being used by various businesses including broadcasters. We argue that the problem of piracy has become an Achilles tendon for many artists despite the presence of a copyright law enforcement regime in the country. This article examines the nature and consequences of the copyright law in the country, as well as the way in which ZIMURA is implementing it to advance the cause of popular musicians. The article illustrates how the challenges faced by ZIMURA serve to impoverish Zimbabwean musicians in unheralded ways that leave a good number of artists poor and famous. This qualitative study uses participant observation, document analysis and key informant interviews with purposively selected informants to elucidate the implementation of intellectual property rights in Zimbabwe’s music industry. The analysis is informed by the Sustainable Livelihoods Approach as well as Bourdieu’s concept of cultural capital. The findings show that in Zimbabwe music is taken as free property by most users who either sell pirated copies or access them for personal use without paying anything. From the study, it is clear that musicians are not getting a fair share of their intellectual property in the form of royalties. It is also notable that music that is appreciated more gets paid more royalties than music which is not popular with broadcasters and audiences.
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Goodstein, Jerry D., and S. Ramakrishna Velamuri. "States, Power, Legitimacy, and Maintaining Institutional Control: The Battle for Private Sector Telecommunication Services in Zimbabwe." Organization Studies 30, no. 5 (2009): 489–508. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0170840609104395.

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Drawing directly on Stinchcombe (1968, 1983) we study the interdependence between power and legitimacy in state—organization contests for maintaining institutional control. We focus on postcolonial sub-Saharan Africa and the dynamics between the Zimbabwean state and Econet Wireless Zimbabwe, a start-up private firm that challenged the state's rights to monopoly control over the telecommunications sector during the period 1993—1998. Our findings show that in contexts such as postcolonial settings, states use their power to dominate institutional sectors and maintain institutional control. We find as well that states can attempt to reinforce the legitimacy of their use of power and coercion through (1) securing critical property rights and embedding these rights in the state bureaucracy, and (2) calling on other `centers of power'. Finally, our study highlights the ways in which states and challenging organizations engage in various strategies of institutional work to maintain and disrupt, respectively, existing structures and practices of institutional control.
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Rutsate, Jerry, and Sipho Heleni Rutsate. "Restructuring (in)tangible cultural heritage of rural Zimbabweans: Sustaining and fulfilling livelihoods." Journal of Advance Research in Social Science and Humanities (ISSN: 2208-2387) 7, no. 4 (2021): 08–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.53555/nnssh.v7i4.942.

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The documentation and promotion of African experiences grew out of the need to mitigate the weaknesses of the oral tradition through which the history of the presumed complex indigenous African creative undertaking was defined. The paucity of written records was further accentuated by the 2003 UNESCO Convention for Safeguarding Intangible Cultural Heritage. The methodical essential tools of accurate collection and critical analysis were deemed to be the better organized forms of freezing experiences. Skewed towards the sciences, research on both pre and post-independent Zimbabwean indigenous intellectual property has not yielded much benefit to the researched practitioners. To this end, Higher Education has failed to fulfil society’s expectations for pace-setting development and sustainability. In the stir of the world-wide decline of industries owing to trade liberalization and the development of free market as well as the adoption of the European Union ‘high-road competitiveness’ policy (Aiginger 2014), this chapter intends to reground creative and cultural industries by embracing a potential symbiotic relationship between informal transmission of authentic (in)tangible cultural heritage and the formal living archiving and commodification of the indigenous knowledge systems of ethnic groups of people in Zimbabwe. The case study for this paper, which commenced in 2015, is the Dzimbadzamabge Cultural Heritage Enterprise Institute located in Nemamwa Rural District.
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Nhuta, Stephen, and Ellen Mukumba. "Empowerment of Zimbabwean Women through Entrepreneurship an Economic and Social Perspective." IRA-International Journal of Management & Social Sciences (ISSN 2455-2267) 7, no. 3 (2017): 373. http://dx.doi.org/10.21013/jmss.v7.n3.p1.

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<div><p><em>The objectives of the study were to<ins cite="mailto:usr" datetime="2017-03-14T09:40"> </ins>identify socio-economic characteristics of female entrepreneurs in Zimbabwe and to ascertain the relationship between women empowerment in entrepreneurship and economic/social development. The research looked at economic and social independent variables that affect women empowerment in entrepreneurship. Literature covered but not limited to, power in households, decision making, ownership of property, access to capital, networking and freedom of movement. This study adopted a mixed research methodology that combined the positivism and the interpretivism paradigms. With regard to this study, the target population was the female entrepreneurs in Harare, Zimbabwe. </em><em>Non-probability was chosen as the sampling technique for this study because it is quicker, easier and cheaper. Convenience and judgmental sampling techniques shall were employed. The questionnaire was used to collect primary data for this study.</em><em>The study revealed that married female entrepreneurs continue to be absent from the household decision-making that shapes the allocation of the economic and financial resources, which further perpetuates gender inequality. The study also confirmed that education and training as well as previous work experience are important success characteristics for empowerment, required by emerging female entrepreneurs as they start and grow their business. The study also confirmed that the lack of access to capital exacerbated by lack of collateral and high interest rates is one of the major deterrents for empowering women through entrepreneurship. Recommendations include coalition among female entrepreneurs, mentoring schemes and changing entrenched patriarchal cultural norms.</em></p></div>
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Rautenbach, Christa. "Editorial." Potchefstroom Electronic Law Journal/Potchefstroomse Elektroniese Regsblad 17, no. 1 (2017): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/1727-3781/2014/v17i1a2295.

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EditorialThe first 11 articles in the first issue of 2014 deal with global legal topics ranging from outer space to domestic South African matters and legal challenges in other African countries, such as Uganda, Nigeria and Zimbabwe. Anél Ferreira-Snyman discusses legal challenges relating to the commercial use of outer space, with specific reference to space tourism. She points out that the current legal framework is outdated and no longer deals adequately with the rapidly developing space tourism industry. Further away from the moon, although it deals with creations of the mind and is just as mysterious for the average person, is the contribution of André van der Walt and Richard Shay, which analyses the South African Constitutional Court's treatment of intellectual property. They focus on the methodology that the Court has formulated to assess if state interference complies with constitutional provisions to determine if state intervention into property interests has been legitimate. The third contribution, by Joel Baloyi, also deals with a creation of the mind, namely copyright. He attempts through a comparative analysis to demystify the role of copyright as a tool for economic development in Africa and criticises the stifling effect the transferability principle has on the effectiveness of copyright in certain African countries. Bradley Slade discusses the differences between the concepts "public purpose" and "public interest" in the context of third party transfers as a result of property being expropriated for the realisation of public purposes in the fourth contribution. The influence of the Constitution of South Africa, 1996 on organ transplants is the topic of the fifth contribution, by Debbie Labuschagne and Pieter Carstens. They come to the conclusion that the South African government has failed to provide an effective legal framework to relieve the shortage of human organs available for transplantation. Sixthly, Lize Mills discusses recently proposed regulations prohibiting the advertising and promotion of infant formulae and other products marketed as being suitable for infants or young children with the purpose of promoting breast-feeding. The last five articles move further afield and deal with legal issues elsewhere in Africa. Dana van der Merwe gives a comparative overview of the relationship between digital information in certain legal fields in South Africa and Uganda. Nazreen Shaik-Premanov examines Zimbabwe's Marange conflict diamond situation and Lovemore Chiduza analyses the Zimbabwean constitutional provisions on judicial independence. Peter Obutte scrutinises ICT laws in Nigeria and the last two authors, Serges Kamga and Ogechukwu Ajoku, reflect on addressing human rights violations by extractive industries in both South Africa and Nigeria.Four notes are also published in this issue. The first one is an overview article by Christa Rautenbach dealing with the modern-day impact of cultural and religious diversity as reflected in the book on "Managing Family Justice in Diverse Societies". The other four notes are case discussions. The first one is a discussion of the case of Government of the Republic of Zimbabwe v Louis Karel Fick by Erika de Wet. The second one is a discussion of the case of Le Sueur v eThekwini Municipality by Warren Freedman, and the last one is a discussion of the case of Apollo Tyres v South Africa (Pty) Ltd v CCMA by Shamier Ebrahim.Editor: Prof C Rautenbach
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Vengesai, Priccilar, and Sibongumuzi Zibusiso Mnkandhla. "The dilemma of gender inequality in the delict of seduction: A Zimbabwean perspective and some lessons from South Africa." De Jure 55, no. 1 (2022): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/2225-7160/2022/v55a7.

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In Zimbabwe, the delict of seduction has two species, namely seduction under common law derived from Roman-Dutch law and seduction under customary law. The universal feature in these species is that they were both conceived in patriarchal societies marred with gender inequalities. These inequalities were exhibited, inter alia, in stiffer sexual mores being imposed on women. In these societies, men allotted property rights to themselves over the sexuality of women who were perpetually under their tutelage. Conceptually, it is argued that the delict of seduction is a legal incarnation of these gender inequality-stricken notions. This paper unmasks the plethora of prejudices, challenges and gender inequalities which are engineered by the delict of seduction during litigation and draws on hegemonic masculinity in patriarchal societies as a theoretical framework.
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Mamvura, Zvinashe, and Shumirai Nyota. "The Form and Communicative Impact of Shona Postproverbials." Matatu 51, no. 2 (2020): 282–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18757421-05102005.

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Abstract This article explores the syntax-semantics nexus of Shona postproverbials in the contemporary Zimbabwean society. In terms of syntax, Shona postproverbials are aligned to the following types of sentences found in the Shona language; substantival, verbal, and a combination of both. Like traditional proverbs, there is no postproverbial that takes the form of the ideophonic sentence. The communicative power of postproverbials is an inherent, inbuilt, and internal property stemming from their syntactic and lexical properties. The postproverbial forms, studied in this article, exhibit innovation and ingenuity of the users. The communicative force of the postproverbials arises from the correspondence and cross-correspondence of the structures and grammatical items that constitute them. Congruence and contrast of the lexical items found in the postproverbials also contribute to meanings. The study established that, just like the traditional proverbs, postproverbials are pithy and terse philosophical statements that resonate with a people’s collective experience. In most cases, the postproverbials provide a conduit for people to comment on issues regarded as politically ‘taboo’ and sensitive in a society where the state does not tolerate open criticism.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Zimbabwean property"

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Dube, Misheck. "Widowhood and property inheritance in Zimbabwe: experiences of widows in Sikalenge ward, Binga District." Thesis, University of Fort Hare, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10353/200.

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Zimbabwean widows need to inherit property when their husbands die. Property, be it material or financial in nature, is a source of sustenance and wealth. Depriving women of property inheritance rights has untold consequences. This study focuses on the property inheritance rights of widows in Zimbabwe in the Sikalenge Ward of Binga District. The aim of the study is to understand how property grabbing affects widows and to find possible solutions and intervention strategies social workers may use. The literature reviewed in the study was drawn from both the legal field and social work to create a link between the fields. The study was shaped by radical feminism for conceptualising property grabbing while the formulated intervention strategies utilised the empowerment model. The study is qualitative in nature using interviews to collect data from ten widows and five social service providers who constitute the total of fifteen participants in the study. Data was analysed qualitatively using interpretive approaches and presentation is textual rather than statistical. The main finding of the study is that widows are still being denied their inheritance rights despite the provision of such rights by the Intestate Succession Laws promulgated in November 1997 by the government of Zimbabwe. Moreover, the widows are not aware of the inheritance laws of Zimbabwe and hence did not seek any professional intervention. The few who attempted the legal process for recourse were not successful. Even though it was minimally attempted, the study established that the main form of failed intervention tried by the women was legal in nature and suggests and emphasises an eminent need for Social Work intervention to supplement legal intervention.
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Mbiba, Beacon. "Urban property ownership and the maintenance of communal land rights in Zimbabwe." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.310777.

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Musiza, Charlene Tsitsi. "Does the growth of ICT in Zimbabwe present an opportunity for effective use of intellectual property rights?" Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/16711.

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Includes bibliographical references<br>In 2005 the Government of Zimbabwe adopted a National Information and Communications Technology (ICT) Policy to spur growth in the ICT sector. The idea was to transform Zimbabwe into a knowledge - based economy by 2020. This saw some synergies between stakeholders in improving ICT infrastructure. In the last decade Zimbabwe has seen growth in ICT albeit with numerous challenges. There have been innovation s in ICT which raise possible intellectual property issues. The thesis seeks to assess whether there is scope for the utilisation of intellectual property rights in some of the innovations. An exploration of the various policies that have a bearing on ICT will inform the discussion on ICT growth. The thesis will also lay out the intellectual property framework and identify rights which can be appropriated to innovations. It will identify some areas where tailoring is required to suit the system to the development needs of the country and the innovation environment. Some recommendations will be made derived from the experiences of other countries and from the survey conducted as part of the research.
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Matenga, Edward. "The Soapstone Birds of Great Zimbabwe : Archaeological Heritage, Religion and Politics in Postcolonial Zimbabwe and the Return of Cultural Property." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för arkeologi och antik historia, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-160193.

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At least eight soapstone carvings of birds furnished a shrine, Great Zimbabwe, in the 19th century. This large stonewalled settlement, once a political and urban centre, had been much reduced for four centuries, although the shrine continued to operate as local traditions dictated. The Zimbabwe Birds were handed down from a past that has only been partially illuminated by archaeological inquiry and ethnography, as has the site as such. This thesis publishes the first detailed catalogue of the Birds and attempts to reconstruct their provenance at the site based on the earliest written accounts. A modern history of the Birds unfolds when the European settlers removed them from the site in dubious transactions, claiming them as rewards of imperial conquest. As the most treasured objects from Great Zimbabwe, the fate of the Birds has been intertwined with that of the site in a matrix of contested meanings and ownership. This thesis explores how the meanings of cultural objects have a tendency to shift and to be ephemeral, demonstrating the ability of those in power to appropriate and determine such meanings. In turn, this has a bearing on ownership claims, and gives rise to an “authorized heritage discourse” syndrome.   The forced migrations of the Zimbabwe Birds within the African continent and to Europe and their subsequent return to their homeland decades later are characterised by melodramatic episodes of manoeuvring by traders, politicians and theologians, and of the return of stolen property cloaked as an amicable barter deal, or a return extolled as an act of generosity. International doctrines that urge the return of cultural property are influenced by Western hegemonic ideologies. Natural justice is perverted, as stolen property acquires a (superior) significance in its new context, which merits the extinction of the original provenance. This leaves “generosity” and goodwill as the promises of the future, holding the fate of one Zimbabwe Bird still kept in exile in South Africa.
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Jowah, Eddah Vimbai. "Rural livelihoods and food security in the aftermath of the fast track land reform in Zimbabwe." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1003090.

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Land reforms are back on the development agenda. Different types of land reforms have been adopted globally in recent years, but by far the most controversial and most radical has been the fast track land reform pursued by the Government of Zimbabwe from 2000. There is general scholarly agreement that the fast track process has been accompanied by various socio-economic and political challenges, including an increase in levels of food insecurity. This thesis examines fast track reform in specific relation to the livelihoods of smallholder households and household food security amongst land beneficiaries. It argues that the problem of food insecurity in Zimbabwe is a complex social, political and economic issue, which cannot be simplistically reduced to the failures of fast track. Understanding household food insecurity post-2000 needs to go beyond the notion that the nation‟s food security hinges on overall levels of production alone. In particular, livelihoods and food security need to be conceptualised at community and household levels. Therefore, while addressing the broad macro-level analysis and discourse around the process of fast track, the study also adopts a micro-level analysis to look at the varied impact of fast track on the actual beneficiaries. The research focuses on small-scale beneficiaries in the Goromonzi District of Zimbabwe and, through the use of the sustainable livelihoods framework, looks at how their local contexts have been influenced by the wider socio-economic and political processes, and how beneficiaries have sought ways of coping with the challenges they face.
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Teedon, Paul Lawrence. "An analysis of aided-self-help housing schemes : a study of a former colonial city, Harare, Zimbabwe." Thesis, Keele University, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.293986.

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Murisa, Tendai. "An analysis of emerging forms of social organisation and agency in the aftermath of 'fast track' land reform in Zimbabwe." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1003081.

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The fast track land reform programme resulted in a fundamental reorganisation of rural relations in Zimbabwe, changing the landscape in an irreversible way with people from diverse backgrounds converging on former white-owned farms. This thesis tells the story of how the newly resettled land beneficiaries are organising themselves socially in response to various economic challenges. It makes a contribution towards understanding how redistributive land reforms and local government restructuring influence rural social organisation and agency. Furthermore the study examines local perceptions on the meanings of the „farm‟ and „land redistribution‟. An utterance by one war veteran “what used to be your farm is now our land and you are free to take your farm but leave our land” provides an alternative rendition to contestations of restitution versus a purely farm productionist discourse. The study, through an analysis of primary and secondary data, provides a fresh understanding of the social outcomes of fast track. It traces the evolution of land and agrarian reforms in post-independence Zimbabwe and the political and social economic context that led to „fast track‟. Through an analysis of field findings the thesis is able to define the dominant social groups that were resettled during fast track and the challenges they face in utilising the land. The findings show that the majority of the land beneficiaries were from the customary areas, with limited agricultural experiences. Local cooperation within informal networks and local farmer groups has been identified as one of the ways in which social reproduction is being organised. These groups are responsible for enhancing production capacity but they face a number of constraints. The study derives its theoretical foundation from the post 1980s debates on rural society dominated by Mafeje (1993, 2003), Rahmato (1991) and Mamdani (1996). The debates centred on how institutions of inclusion, authority and cooperation such as the lineage groups, local farmer groups and traditional authority remain relevant in the organisation of post-independent rural African society especially in a context of increased commoditisation of rural relations of production. Using theoretical insights derived from analysing the role of the lineage groups in the allocation of critical resources such as land and the influence of traditional authority (indirect rule) as a form of local government, the study examines how social organisation is emerging in areas where neither lineage nor traditional authority are not dominant. The thesis of rural cooperation through local groups as advanced by Rahmato (1991) and Moyo (2002) provides partial insights into the response mechanisms that land beneficiaries invoke in this instance. It is not necessarily an autonomous space of organisation but rather the state is actively involved through various functionaries including extension officers who invariably advance a very productionist approach. The state‟s monopoly through its local functionaries hides its political cooptation effect by emphasising organisation for production without questioning the manner in which that production is externally controlled through limited rights over land, the state‟s monopoly over inputs supply and markets for commodities. Whilst land reform has been driven by local participation through land occupations, local government reform has been technocratically determined through Ministerial directives. There is however little innovation in the form of local government that is being introduced. It expands the fusion of authority between elected Rural District Councils and unelected traditional authority functionaries. The forms of social organisation and agency that have emerged remain subordinated to the state with no links to other networks of rural producers‟ associations and urban civil society organisations. These developments form part of a longheld tradition within the Zimbabwean state where the legitimacy of local organisation and authority is usurped to service the interests of the state. Thus whilst land reform has to a certain extent accommodated the majority poor, the ensuing local government and agrarian reforms are more focused on limiting their participation in broader processes of political engagement around distribution and accumulation and their own governance.
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Sacco, Solomon Frank. "A comparative study of the implementation in Zimbabwe and South Africa of the international law rules that allow compulsory licensing and parallel importation for HIV/AIDS drugs." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/1100.

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"Zimbabwe and South Africa are facing an HIV/AIDS epidemic of such proportions that the populations of these countries will markedly decline in the next ten years despite the existence of effective drugs to treat the symptoms of AIDS and dramatically lower the communicability of the virus. These drugs are under patent protection by companies in the developed world and the patents raise the prices above the level of affordability for HIV infected persons in South Africa and Zimbabwe. Zimbabwe has declared a national emergency on HIV/AIDS, apparently in conformance with TRIPS and has issued compulsory licenses to a local company that has started to manufacture and sell cheap anti-retroviral drugs. South Africa has not declared a national emergency and has not invoked the TRIPS flexibilities or utilized flexibilities inherent in its own legislation. However, while thousands of people die every week in the two countries, neither government has yet provided an effective HIV/AIDS policy. Extensive litigation and public pressure in South Africa has led the government to announce a policy of supplying free HIV drugs in public hospitals while the Zimbabwean government has announced the provision of the same drugs, also in public hospitals, apparently utilising the state of emergency. The TRIPS agreement under which the two governments undertook to protect international patents allows compulsory licensing under certain circumstances (not limited to a national emergency) and the Doha Declaration on TRIPS and Public Health, and subsequent agreements by the Ministerial Council of the WTO allow the manufacture and, in limited circumstances, the parallel importation of generic drugs. These provisions provide a theoretical mechanism for poor countries to ensure their citizens' rights of access to health (care). The research is aimed at identifying the extent of the effectiveness of the legal norms created by Articles 20 and 31 of TRIPS, the Doha Declaration and subsequent Council of Ministers' decisions, which together ostensibly provide a framework to allow provision of generic drugs. It is further aimed at investigating how the state of emergency in Zimbabwe has been utilised to provide cheap generic drugs to Zimbabweans and whether this would be an option for South Africa. A comparison of the legal provisions governing the provision of drugs in the two countries will also be undertaken to examine the extent to which international and national constitutional and legal provisions may be utilised to give effect to the right to health." -- Introduction.<br>Thesis (LLM (Human Rights and Democratisation in Africa)) -- University of Pretoria, 2004.<br>Prepared under the supervision of Dr. Enid Hill at the American University in Cairo.<br>http://www.chr.up.ac.za/academic_pro/llm1/dissertations.html<br>Centre for Human Rights<br>LLM
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Zazu, Cryton. "Representation and use of indigenous heritage constructs : implications for the quality and relevance of heritage education in post colonial southern Africa." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002015.

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This study explores representation and use of indigenous heritage constructs with a view to identifying implications thereof for the quality and relevance of heritage education practices in post colonial southern Africa. Framed within a critical hermeneutic research paradigm under-laboured by critical realist ontology, the study was conducted using a multiple case study research design. The data collection protocol was three-phased, starting with a process of contextual profiling, within which insights were gained into discourses shaping the constitution and orientation of heritage education practices at the Albany Museum in South Africa, the Great Zimbabwe Monument in Zimbabwe and the Supa Ngwao Museum in Botswana. The second phase of data collection entailed modelling workshops in which educators engaged in discussion around the status of heritage education in post apartheid South Africa. This highlighted, through modelled lessons, some of the tensions, challenges and implications for working with notions of social transformation and inclusivity in heritage education. The third phase of data collection involved in-depth interviews. Twelve purposively selected research participants were interviewed between 2010 and 2011. Data generated across the study was processed and subjected to different levels of critical discourse analysis. Besides noting how heritage education in post colonial southern Africa is poorly framed and under-researched, this study revealed that current forms of representing indigenous heritage constructs are influenced more by socio-political discourses than the need to protect and conserve local heritage resources. The study also noted that the observed heritage education practices are oriented more towards addressing issues related to marginalisation and alienation of indigenous cultures and practices, than enhancing learners’ agency to manage and utilise local heritage resources in a more sustainable ways. Based on these findings the study recommends re-positioning heritage education within the framework of Education for Sustainable Development (ESD). ESD acknowledges both issues of social justice and the dialectical interplay between nature and culture; as such, it may allow for representation and use of indigenous heritage constructs in ways that expand current political orientations to include sustainability as an additional objective of heritage education. Given that little research focusing on heritage education has been undertaken within southern Africa, the findings of this study provide a basis upon which future research may emerge.
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McCallum, Wayne. "Land, property and power: the land issue in Zimbabwe." Thesis, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/22332.

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Bibliography: leaves 368-389.<br>xiii, 389 leaves, [12] : map (1 col. & fold.) ; 30 cm.<br>Since independence in 1980, the Zimbabwean government has confronted the 'land issue', the racialised and colonially-constructed profound inequality in landholdings that had left most of the nation's best lands in the hands of a white-settler commercial farmer minority while much of the indigenous black populace, many being subsistence farmers, was confined to largely marginal communal lands. White farmers held land as property, while black farmers held land without formal title but via direct relationship with Tribal Lands Authorities, subject to the State's ultimate ownership of the lands. Now, as the crisis of governance deepens in Zimbabwe and the power of Zanu-PF and the ruling elite seems increasingly entrenched, land redistribution has become increasingly politicised, personal and factional. Membership of Zanu-PF and access to the ruling elites of Zanu-PF and government have become the essential key in accessing land, and in the processes of land allocation which have become dominated by patron-client relationships and hierarchically-constructed relationships of mutual obligation. In this context, the idea of property as a market-based rather than politically-obligated form of land tenure no longer suits the purpose of the increasingly neo-patrimonial ruling elites. In Zimbabwe, the white farmers have been evicted and rural productivity is tenuous, especially on the former white farms. Lands are nationalised, yet still it is the broad bulk of the people who remain dispossessed as the processes of land reform are co-opted to political purposes, and as lands are co-opted by political elites.<br>Thesis (Ph.D.) -- University of Adelaide, School of History and Politics, 2006
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Books on the topic "Zimbabwean property"

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Emmanuel, Manzungu, ed. Managing common property in an age of globalisation: Zimbabwean experiences. Weaver Press, 2002.

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Gasper, D. Equity, equality, and appropriate distribution: Multiple intepretations and Zimbabwean usages. Institute of Social Studies, 1991.

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author, Obama Barack, and United States. Congress. House. Committee on Foreign Affairs, eds. Continuation of the national emergency with respect to Zimbabwe: Message from the President of the United States transmitting notification that the national emergency with respect to the actions and policies of certain members of the government of Zimbabwe and other persons to undermine Zimbabwe's democratic processes or institutions is to continue in effect beyond March 6, 2014, pursuant to 50 U.S.C. 1622(d). U.S. Government Printing Office, 2014.

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Barack, Obama, and United States. Congress. House. Committee on Foreign Affairs, eds. Continuation of the national emergency with respect to the situation in Zimbabwe: Message from the President of the United States transmitting notification that the national emergency with respect to the actions and policies of certain members of the government of Zimbabwe and other persons to undermine Zimbabwe's democratic processes or institutions is to continue in effect beyond March 6, 2012. U.S. G.P.O., 2012.

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Barack, Obama, and United States. Congress. House. Committee on Foreign Affairs, eds. Continuation of the national emergency with respect to Zimbabwe: Message from the President of the United States transmitting notification that the national emergency with respect to the actions and policies of certain members of the government of Zimbabwe and other persons to undermine Zimbabwe's democratic processes or institutions is to continue in effect beyond March 6, 2011, pursuant to 50 U.S.C. 1622(d). U.S. G.P.O., 2011.

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Zimbabwe Human Rights NGO Forum. Land reform and property rights in Zimbabwe. Zimbabwe Human Rights NGO Forum, 2010.

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Murombedzi, James C. Wetlands conservation under common property management regimes in Zimbabwe. Centre for Applied Social Sciences, University of Zimbabwe, 1991.

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Stokes, Kathryn. Intellectual property rights and the transfer of biotechnology to Zimbabwe. African Centre for Technology Studies, 1998.

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Elizabeth, Gwaunza, Chenaux-Repond Maia, and Women and Law in Southern Africa Research Project., eds. Women & land rights in resettlement areas in Zimbabwe. Women and Law in Southern Africa Research Trust, 1992.

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Zimbabwe Women's Resource Centre and Network., ed. Land in Zimbabwe: A gender question?. Zimbabwe Women's Resource Centre and Network, 1994.

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Book chapters on the topic "Zimbabwean property"

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Zulu, John. "Management and conservation of the Mosi-oa-Tunya/Victoria Falls World Heritage property." In Managing Transnational UNESCO World Heritage sites in Africa. Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-80910-2_4.

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AbstractThe Mosi-oa-Tunya/Victoria Falls World Heritage property was granted World Heritage status on 15 December 1989 after the States Parties of Zambia and Zimbabwe submitted a joint nomination dossier to the UNESCO World Heritage Centre. The property was recognized for its ongoing geological processes, unique geomorphological formations and exceptional natural beauty, displayed through high water spray, daytime rainbows and distinctive lunar rainbows; these attributes convey the property’s Outstanding Universal Value (OUV) under criteria (vii) and (viii). The Mosi-oa-Tunya/Victoria Falls has the widest curtain of waterfalls in the world, measuring 1,706 m, while its deepest point is 108 m. The property is renowned as one of the Seven Natural Wonders of the World, and the only one of this status in Africa. It is a tourism icon for the two States Parties, and for Africa as a whole.
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Makonese, Loveness. "“Other people inherit property, but I inherit people and their problems”." In The Political Economy of Livelihoods in Contemporary Zimbabwe. Routledge, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781351273244-12.

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Chigwenya, Average, and Pardon Ndhlovu. "Women, Land Use, Property Rights and Sustainable Development in Zimbabwe." In Introduction to Gender Studies in Eastern and Southern Africa. SensePublishers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-6300-558-6_12.

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Moyo, Khanyisela. "Justiciable Property Rights and Postcolonial Land Reform: A Case Study of Zimbabwe." In Justiciability of Human Rights Law in Domestic Jurisdictions. Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-24016-9_15.

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Ndlovu, Nqobizitha, and Enyinna S. Nwauche. "A Review of Land and Property Rights of Internally Displaced Persons in Zimbabwe: Steps Towards Restitution." In Sustainable Development Goals Series. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-66884-6_6.

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Vawda, Yousuf A. "Compulsory Licenses and Government Use: Challenges and Opportunities." In Access to Medicines and Vaccines. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-83114-1_3.

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AbstractThe compulsory licensing and government use flexibility is potentially the most powerful tool available under the TRIPS Agreement, as amplified by the Doha Declaration, to advance public health objectives. Yet, many lower and middle income countries have shown an apparent reluctance to both incorporate them into their national legislation and then utilise them—except in a relatively small number of cases. This contribution analyses the circumstances surrounding this phenomenon. It outlines the context, historical roots of compulsory licensing and its inclusion on the TRIPS Agreement, recent examples of its utility including in two sub-Saharan countries affected by HIV/AIDS, and offers some recommendations. Among the propositions advanced are that the use of such flexibilities is not an insurmountable problem (as the case of Zimbabwe illustrates) and that in the longer term, public health objectives are best advanced by, among others, amending the TRIPS Agreement to exempt health technologies from the ambit of intellectual property protection, and new, alternative models for rewarding innovation in this field of technology being introduced.
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Augustine, Tshuma Lungile, Trust Matsilele, and Mbongeni Jonny Msimanga. "‘Weapons of Oppressors’: COVID-19 Regulatory Framework and its Impact on Journalism Practices in Southern Africa." In Health Crises and Media Discourses in Sub-Saharan Africa. Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-95100-9_15.

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AbstractThe chapter examines the regulatory frameworks that were put in place by governments in the Southern African Development Community (SADC) region to combat the outbreak of COVID-19 and the impact it had on journalism practices in the region. African governments with the help of World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines crafted laws and policies which prohibited gatherings. These measures limited the conduct of journalism, i.e. gathering and dissemination of news, during the pandemic. While these laws were implemented to avert the virus, we argue in this chapter that some regimes used the pandemic to muzzle the media. We analyse laws that were gazetted in Zimbabwe, Tanzania, and South Africa to combat/ address COVID-19, and evaluate their impact on the practice of journalism in the region through the lens of securitisation theory. The securitisation theory indicates that by declaring something or phenomenon a threat, it ensures that such a phenomenon is moved out of the sphere of normal politics into the realm of emergency politics, where it can be dealt with without the normal (democratic) rules and regulations of policymaking. Methodologically, the chapter uses document analysis which is the systematic evaluation and review of documents. The study found that Zimbabwe and Tanzania enacted laws meant to restrict journalistic practice and information management flow under the cover of the pandemic. The laws enacted were targeted at critical and oppositional media. South Africa was a complete opposite as journalists were capacitated by the state to function properly during the pandemic even when other citizens’ rights were limited during the lockdown period.
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Schneider, Marius, and Vanessa Ferguson. "Zimbabwe." In Enforcement of Intellectual Property Rights in Africa. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198837336.003.0057.

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The Republic of Zimbabwe is a landlocked country in southern Africa and is bordered by Botswana, Zambia, Mozambique, and South Africa, with a total area of 386,847 Aquare kilometres (km) and a population of 16.53 million. Zimbabwe’s capital and largest city is Harare, with a population of 1.56 million people. Other large cities include Bulawayo, Chitungwiza, Mutare, and Gweru. The currency of Zimbabwe is the Zimbabwean dollar. Zimbabwe has not had its own independent currency for a decade, relying instead on the US dollar and a local money system pegged to the US dollar. In June 2019, the Zimbabwean authorities reintroduced the Zimbabwean dollar as the country’s sole legal tender. Working days are normally Monday to Friday from 0800 to 1630.
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Ruvinga, Trymore Z., Theo Tsokota, Colletor Tendeukai Chipfumbu Kangara, and Pamela T. Nyambuya. "Empowering Adolescents Through Instilling Information Security Culture in Zimbabwean Schools." In Impact and Role of Digital Technologies in Adolescent Lives. IGI Global, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-8318-0.ch011.

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There is an excellent opportunity to ensure that information security culture (ISU) is embedded in school children before they are employed in the industry. However, for the majority of time spent in primary and secondary school education, pupils are alienated from supervised use of technology, making it difficult to teach pupils proper use of technology. Thus, there is no deliberate effort to empower and impart ISC to school pupils in Zimbabwe. The purpose of this study is to develop a framework for instilling information security culture in secondary school pupils. Based on the literature, the first version of the framework was developed and subjected to a focus group for review. Data from this focus group was analysed, resulting in a second improved version of the framework. Consequently, it was shown that the framework was relevant, useful, and applicable within Zimbabwean settings.
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Chiduza, Lovemore. "The Jurisprudence of the Zimbabwean Judiciary on the Protection of the Right to Property with Specific Reference to the Fast Track Land Reform Programme and Operation Murambatsvina." In Social and Legal Theory in the Age of Decoloniality. Langaa RPCIG, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/j.ctvh9vwf3.13.

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Conference papers on the topic "Zimbabwean property"

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Karam, Aly, and Romeo Chasara. "UNPACKING HOUSING WAITING LIST AS A CRITICAL POLICY INSTRUMENT FOR PROPERTY THE LADDER IN BULAWAYO, ZIMBABWE." In 21st African Real Estate Society Conference. African Real Estate Society, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.15396/afres2022-005.

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