Academic literature on the topic 'Zimbabwean refugee'
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Journal articles on the topic "Zimbabwean refugee"
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Hodgkinson, Dan. "POLITICS ON LIBERATION'S FRONTIERS: STUDENT ACTIVIST REFUGEES, INTERNATIONAL SOLIDARITY, AND THE STRUGGLE FOR ZIMBABWE, 1965–79." Journal of African History 62, no. 1 (2021): 99–123. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021853721000268.
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AbstractDuring Zimbabwe's struggle for national liberation, thousands of black African students fled Rhodesia to universities across the world on refugee scholarship schemes. To these young people, university student activism had historically provided a stable route into political relevance and nationalist leadership. But at foreign universities, many of which were vibrant centres for student mobilisations in the 1960s and 1970s and located far from Zimbabwean liberation movements’ organising structures, student refugees were confronted with the dilemma of what their role and future in the liberation struggle was. Through the concept of the ‘frontier’, this article compares the experiences of student activists at universities in Uganda, West Africa, and the UK as they figured out who they were as political agents. For these refugees, I show how political geography mattered. Campus frontiers could lead young people both to the military fronts of Mozambique and Zambia as well as to the highest circles of government in independent Zimbabwe. As such, campus frontiers were central to the history of Zimbabwe's liberation movements and the development of the postcolonial state.
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Stewart, Miriam, Kaysi Eastlick Kushner, CindyLee Dennis, et al. "Social support needs of Sudanese and Zimbabwean refugee new parents in Canada." International Journal of Migration, Health and Social Care 13, no. 2 (2017): 234–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijmhsc-07-2014-0028.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine support needs of African refugee new parents in Canada, and identifies support preferences that may enhance the mental health of refugee parents and children. Design/methodology/approach In all, 72 refugee new parents from Zimbabwe (n=36) and Sudan (n=36) participated in individual interviews. All had a child aged four months to five years born in Canada. Refugee new parents completed standardized measures on social support resources and support seeking as a coping strategy. Four group interviews (n=30) with refugee new parents were subsequently conducted. In addition, two group interviews (n=30) were held with service providers and policy influencers. Findings Separated from their traditional family and cultural supports, refugee new parents reported isolation and loneliness. They lacked support during pregnancy, birth, and postpartum and had limited interactions with people from similar cultural backgrounds. Refugees required support to access services and overcome barriers such as language, complex systems, and limited financial resources. Support preferences included emotional and information support from peers from their cultural community and culturally sensitive service providers. Research limitations/implications Psychometric evaluation of the quantitative measures with the two specific populations included in this study had not been conducted, although these measures have been used with ethnically diverse populations by other researchers. Practical implications The study findings can inform culturally appropriate health professional practice, program and policy development. Originality/value The study bridges gaps in research examining support needs and support intervention preferences of African refugee new parents.
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Stewart, Miriam, Edward Makwarimba, Nicole L. Letourneau, et al. "Impacts of a Support Intervention for Zimbabwean and Sudanese Refugee Parents: “I Am Not Alone”." Canadian Journal of Nursing Research 47, no. 4 (2015): 113–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/084456211504700409.
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Lanigan, Liam. "Non-Nationalizing the Story of Ireland: Transnationalism and Narrative in Oona Frawley's Flight." Irish University Review 47, no. 2 (2017): 234–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/iur.2017.0278.
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Oona Frawley's 2014 novel Flight interrogates Irish cultural responses to transnational labour since the 1990s. The novel's protagonist is a Zimbabwean refugee named Sandrine, whose pregnant body threatens an exclusionary, racial definition of Irish identity as it is legally codified by the 2004 ‘Citizenship Referendum’. The novel juxtaposes the contrasting experiences of transnational migration in the upper and lower circuits of global capital, and traces the emergence of Sandrine's voice as it develops and impinges on the narrative through solidarity with other transnational voices. Flight thus narrativizes the cultural and social processes by which transnational experience might re-narrate Ireland as a site of meaning.
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Marume, Anesu, James January, and Julita Maradzika. "Social capital, health-seeking behavior and quality of life among refugees in Zimbabwe: a cross-sectional study." International Journal of Migration, Health and Social Care 14, no. 4 (2018): 377–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijmhsc-04-2017-0017.
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Purpose Social capital is an essential determinant of health that contributes significantly to quality of life. Social capital has potential of improving the health and well-being of refugees. Refugees in Zimbabwe are confined to an isolation camp making social networks a necessity for survival and psychosocial support. The purpose of this paper is to identify if social capital has effects on wellness and well-being (quality of life) of individuals in a confined setting such as a refugee camp. Design/methodology/approach A cross-sectional study was conducted at Tongogara Refugee Camp, Zimbabwe. The World Bank Integrated Questionnaire on Social Capital was adjusted to develop data collection tools. The parameters of social capital, economic, social and cultural capital, were used as the framework of study. Findings A total of 164 respondents were interviewed (62.8 percent females). A total of 98 percent were affiliated to a religious group and 30 percent of the interviewees stated that at least one member of their household was on social media. Only 18 percent communicated with people in their home country and 75 percent used social media to create new links. Practical implications The various opportunities for psychosocial support that exist within refugee populations can be used to formulate interventions aimed at improving health and quality of life of refugees. Originality/value This paper offers insight into the effects of social capital on refugee health and quality of life among refugees in Zimbabwe.
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Jones, Oliver R., and Chido Dunn. "Legal Documents Relating to Land Reform in Zimbabwe." International Legal Materials 49, no. 5 (2010): 1380–403. http://dx.doi.org/10.5305/intelegamate.49.5.1380.
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In Gramara (Private) Ltd. & Others v. Government of Zimbabwe & Others (‘‘Gramara’’)1 and Von Abo v. Government of South Africa (‘‘Von Abo’’),2 the legitimacy of Zimbabwe’s land reform program has once again come under the judicial microscope. In Gramara, Judge Patel of the Zimbabwean High Court refused to enforce a decision of the Southern African Development Community (‘‘SADC’’) Tribunal that declared the program inconsistent with a range of human rights protections. By contrast, in Von Abo, Judge Prinsloo of the South African High Court virulently condemned the South African government’s failure to afford the applicant farm-owner diplomatic protection in relation to the government of Zimbabwe’s confiscations of land owned by South African nationals. The decisions throw into sharp relief both the potential and the limitations of the application of international law in the domestic context.
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Jameson, Jill. "The Digital Abyss in Zimbabwe." International Journal of ICT Research and Development in Africa 1, no. 3 (2010): 65–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jictrda.2010070104.
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Just as refugees fleeing to escape Zimbabwe have struggled to cross the crocodile-hungry waters of the Limpopo, so are Zimbabweans battling to find ways to traverse the abyss of a digital divide affecting their country. In 2008-09, Zimbabwe was rated third worst in the world for its national information communications technology (ICT) capability by the World Economic Forum, being ranked at 132/134 nations on the global ICT ‘networked readiness index’. Digital divide issues, including severe deficits in access to new technologies facing this small Sub-Saharan country, are therefore acute. In terms of global power relations involving ICT capability, Zimbabwe has little influence in any world ranking of nations. A history of oppression, economic collapse, mismanagement, poverty, disease, corruption, discrimination, public sector breakdown and population loss has rendered the country almost powerless in ICT terms. Applying a critical social theory methodology and drawing on Freirean conceptions of critical pedagogy to promote emancipation through equal access to e-learning, this chapter is written in two parts. In the first place, it analyzes grim national statistics relating to education and to the digital divide in Zimbabwe, situating these in the wider context of Africa; in the second part, the chapter applies this information in a practical fictional setting to imagine life through the eyes of an average Zimbabwean male farm worker called Themba, recounting through narrative an example of the impact on one person’s life that could result from, firstly, a complete lack of educational and ICT resources for adults in a rural farming situation and, secondly, new opportunities as a migrant to become engaged with adult and higher education, including ICT training and facilities. Access to education, to book publications, to ICT facilities, in dialogue with others during a long process of conscientization, are seen to open up democratising and liberating opportunities for Themba in South Africa. The powerful transformation that takes place Themba’s life and propels him towards many achievements as an e-learning teacher is inspired by Freire’s critical pedagogy: it provides a message of hope in an otherwise exceptionally bleak educational and technological situation, given the current difficult socio-economic and political situation that has resulted in a digital abyss in Zimbabwe.
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Chidora, Tanaka. "Heroes and Heroines in Zimbabwean Fiction." Journal of African Languages and Literary Studies 2, no. 2 (2021): 11–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.31920/2633-2116/2021/v2n2a1.
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This paper was developed from a talk that I gave on heroes and heroines in Zimbabwean fiction at the now defunct Book Café in Harare, Zimbabwe. By the time they invited me, my hosts had already come up with a clearly demarcated guideline of who heroes and heroines are, and connected these heroes and heroines to what they called 'revered' values of 'our' society. My response was not to follow that template, but to create a separate deconstructionist taxonomy that questioned such an assumption. This deconstructionist adventure was based on the belief that heroes/heroines are not the same for everyone, especially in a post-independence Zimbabwean society characterised by conditions that are far removed from the promises of independence. Thus, in a country whose independence has been postponed because of various factors, including a leadership whose form of governance involves violence against its citizens in the name of protecting them, a monolithic view of heroes/heroines and revered values needs to be interrogated. Zimbabwean literature offers an inventory that refuses to pander to my hosts' template, and it is this inventory that I used to question the assumption that Zimbabwe was one, huge, happy and united national family because based on its many literary texts, what we have is a dystopian family still trying to find its way and define its heroes/heroines.
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Memory Rumbidzai V. Mandikiana, Yogesh Awasthi, and Isaac Ignatius Dambudzo. "COVID- 19 and its Effects on Refugee, Asylum Seeker and Migrant Children Aged 12-17 Years at Tongogara Refugee Camp in Zimbabwe." PanAfrican Journal of Governance and Development (PJGD) 2, no. 2 (2021): 170–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.46404/panjogov.v2i2.3235.
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Refugee, asylum seekers, and migrant (displaced) children are at protracted vulnerability levels, and COVID-19 has exacerbated the situation. Zimbabwe accepts refugees but enforces an encampment policy, and displaced populations are encamped at Tongogara Refugee Camp (TRC). The research gap is that there is very little literature on refugees in Zimbabwe. The research objectives for the study were to explore the challenges that refugees, asylum seekers, and displaced children at TRC face, ascertain how COVID-19 has affected children at TRC, and propose solutions to these challenges. This research relied upon a mixed method of quantitative and qualitative approach considering the immediacy of the COVID-19 pandemic. Secondary data is referred from published articles and organizational reports. The population size of 2,304 children aged 12 to 17 was obtained through the United Nations refugee agency (UNHCR)’s January 2021 population statistics for TRC. A 10% sample of 230 respondents was selected. Non-probability sampling techniques were used in administering a questionnaire through individual and focus group interviews, which were fed into KoBo Toolbox. Data cleaning and analysis were conducted, with SPSS and NViVo for quantitative and qualitative data analysis, respectively. Ethical considerations of consent, confidentiality, do no harm, and statements to withdraw from the study were employed. The process involved strict observance of World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines on COVID-19. The research was conducted between April 2020 and February 2021. Results showed that displaced children suffered a spectrum of challenges before COVID-19. During the COVID-19 period, respondents had limited access to child protection services, experienced increased conflicts at home, and limited access to formal learning and entertainment: their already dire situation was exacerbated by COVID-19. The study recommends the upgrade of the local secondary school to advanced level status, adoption of educational innovations in lieu of the COVID-19 pandemic, including radio, television, and virtual learning platforms; improved child protection mechanisms; accommodation; dietary diversity; access to water and sanitation hygiene; provision of electricity; adequate street lighting; activities for entertainment; and increasing awareness against child abuse and gender-based violence (GBV).
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Torr, S. J., and J. W. Hargrove. "Behaviour of tsetse (Diptera: Glossinidae) during the hot season in Zimbabwe: the interaction of micro-climate and reproductive status." Bulletin of Entomological Research 89, no. 4 (1999): 365–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007485399000504.
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AbstractStudies were made of the behaviour of Glossina pallidipes Austen and G. morsitans morsitans Westwood during the hot season (September–November) in Zimbabwe, and attributes of samples of tsetse from refuges, odour-baited traps, targets and mobile baits were compared. Various arrangements of electric nets were used to study tsetse as they entered or left artificial refuges. The peak time of entry into a refuge varied between 0800 h and 1400 h and coincided with the time when the air temperature reached 32°C; the response was stronger if 32°C occurred earlier in the day. The peak time of exit varied between 1500 h and 1700 h, being significantly later on hotter days, but did not show a clear temperature threshold. Micro-meteorological measurements showed that refuges were significantly cooler than the surrounding riverine woodland during the day but warmer at night. There was no significant difference between the air temperatures in leafless mopane woodland and semi-evergreen riverine woodland during the day but at night the riverine woodland was significantly cooler. Combining the micro-meteorological data with the estimated local movements of tsetse suggested that during the hot season, tsetse experienced temperatures 2°C cooler than the daily mean in a Stevenson screen located in mopane woodland. Compared with the catches of tsetse from traps, refuges had higher proportions of G. m. morsitans, males, young flies and females in the later stages of reproduction, and it is suggested that during the hot season, samples from refuges were less biased than traps with respect to species and sex composition, age and reproductive status. During the hot season, tsetse populations declined by c. 90% and although air temperatures exceeded lethal levels (c. 40°C), the refuge-entering responses meant that adult flies probably experienced a maximum of only c. 35°C. It is suggested that the decline in numbers is not due to direct mortality effects of temperature on adults but may be due, in part, to a doubling in the rates of reproductive abnormality during the hot season and an increase in adult mortality related to a temperature-dependent decrease in pupal period.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Zimbabwean refugee"
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Bjorknes, Guro Lauvland. "Coping strategies among female Zimbabwean refugees at the central Methodist church in Johannesburg : a conflict management perspective." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/1424.
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This treatise represents an investigation into the coping strategies of female Zimbabwean refugees at the Central Methodist Church (CMC) in Johannesburg. The CMC in Johannesburg includes a non-profit organisation called Ray of Hope that has functioned as a provider of accommodation and emergency refuge at the church since 1997. A vast number of Zimbabweans are moving to adjacent countries as a consequence of the conflict in Zimbabwe and approximately 85 percent of the people that have sought refuge in the CMC in Johannesburg are Zimbabweans that have fled the economic and political conflict in Zimbabwe. Using an interviewing strategy of a sample of 20 female Zimbabwean refugees, conducted at the CMC, the researcher gathered data, indicating that they face various conflicts on a daily basis inside as well as outside the refugee community in the CMC in Johannesburg. An extensive literature review and researcher‟s own observations during hours spent in the refugee community have also contributed to the collection of data. The findings suggest that coping mechanisms have been adopted by the female refugees to deal with the conflicts. Analysis of data was guided by grounded theory approach which allowed key findings about coping mechanisms to surface which encouraged recommendations presented in the conclusion of the treatise.
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Breedt, Werner. "A qualitative exploration of the social construction of identity of black male Zimbabwean refugees currently living in South Africa." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/31606.
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This study explored the social construction of black male Zimbabwean refugees’ identities as they experienced becoming refugees living in South Africa. A review of refugee literature revealed that Zimbabwean refugees demonstrate an exceptional nature that sets them apart from what most definitions of refugees assume. Refugee theory focusing on deficits and disorder promoted a view of refugees as helpless victims. As a result, refugees have come to be viewed as state burdens. Immigration practices characterized by the herding of refugees into spatially segregated areas, deportation and neglect continue to endanger the livelihoods of refugees. The manner in which government and media conceptualise the identity of a refugee has significant consequences for foreigners and locals. It is therefore important to explore the social construction of black male Zimbabwean refugees’ identities by investigating their own experiences through the telling of life stories. A process of in-depth qualitative interviews were conducted with four black male Zimbabwean refugees between the ages of 18 and 50, all currently living in South Africa. A self told life story outlined a narrative of their past migration, present circumstances and future deliberations. Results showed that participants bore great suffering in search of a stable existence. They were subjected to political abuse and an immense economic downfall in Zimbabwe, and experienced a great shock of self-confidence upon leaving their home. They came to bear a painful sense of ‘otherness’ living as a foreigner, and had to develop new understandings of themselves. Race and religion became important signifiers of identity, and participants were said to undergo a posttraumatic growth in the aftermath of their turbulent experiences. A study such as this offers valuable insights into the aspects of a Zimbabwean refugee’s existence and needs. Research may also inform bureaucratic practices as to conceptualising more appropriate refugee relations in the future, as well as media campaigns capable of rehabilitating the image of the refugee.Dissertation (MA)--University of Pretoria, 2012.
Psychology
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Kendrick, Leanne. "Experiences of cultural bereavement amongst refugees from Zimbabwe living in the UK." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 2010. https://ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk/45677/.
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During the resettlement journey, refugees can experience war trauma, violence, and loss. Research has consistently linked these experiences with mental health difficulties, such as PTSD and depression. An alternative perspective is the phenomenon of cultural bereavement. Cultural bereavement is known as a type of grief reaction that can result from the considerable losses that refugees experience during displacement. Refugees come to the UK from all over the world. However, in recent years, due to decades of political upheaval, there have been a significant number of Zimbabweans seeking refuge in the UK. It is, therefore, likely that they have experienced the level of loss that may result in experiences of cultural bereavement. This qualitative study explored the experiences of Zimbabwean refugees living in the UK, and their relevance to cultural bereavement. Additionally, the study aimed to determine how the refugees’ overall experiences related to a theoretical model of refugee trauma. Seven Zimbabwean refugees were interviewed about their experiences, and transcripts were analysed using template analysis. The template outlined three dominant themes arising from the research. These were 1) factors that contributed towards cultural bereavement, 2) the experiences themselves, and 3) coping and resilience factors in the UK. Each was discussed in relation to previous research and the proposed refugee model. The methodological limitations and contributions of the research are discussed, along with the potential wider relevance of the findings particularly in relation to services working with refugees. Suggestions are made for future research to investigate these initial findings further, specifically with othercultures and refugee populations.
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Zambara, Tracy. "The role of Hout Bay craft markets in sustaining the livelihoods of Zimbabwean traders." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/5241.
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Magister Artium (Social Work) - MA(SW)During the year 2000 Zimbabwe faced a multiplex of challenges linked to political and economic dynamics generated from its Fast Track Land Reform Programme (Raftopoulos, 2009). The country plunged into land grabs (dubbed Third Chimurenga) led by the war veterans, motivated by economic freedom and emancipation for the black majority. Thus began the economic decline and the exodus of citizens leaving the country in search for employment opportunities and better living conditions abroad. As expressed by Raftopoulos (2009), the problem of economic hardship and perpetual uncertainty worsened in 2008 due to the violent elections that were held in the country which resulted in rampant killings and a hyperinflation that saw the Zimbabwe dollar plunge into trillions. Many families were displaced as people were forced to flee to neighbouring countries including South Africa in search for a better life as well as opportunities. Zimbabweans entered the South African job market which had already begun struggling due to the economic recession experienced in 2008 (Matshaka, 2009). This left many Zimbabweans unemployed and with many survival challenges. In order to survive, many of these refugees started learning creative arts and crafts with the hope of using their skills and capabilities for self-employment. It is within this context that this research investigates the coping mechanisms used by Zimbabwean refugees in combating the challenges of unemployment and poverty by trading through craft markets in Hout Bay as a means of survival and livelihood. The Sustainable Livelihoods Framework (SLF) was used as a theoretical lens through which to examine the livelihood strategies of Zimbabwean refugees as a means of survival. With regard to the selection of research design the mixed methods approach was used to broaden the width and depth of assessment. This included both qualitative and quantitative methods in order to collect data relevant to the research question.
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Magadzike, Blessed. "Rewriting post-colonial historical representations: the case of refugees in Zimbabwe's war of liberation." Doctoral thesis, University of Cape Town, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/32500.
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'Rewriting postcolonial historical representations: The case of refugees in Zimbabwe's liberation war' focuses on the historicisation of the experiences of people who were refugees during Zimbabwe's liberation war, fought between 1966 and 1980. It uses the narratives of former refugees from Mutasa and Bulilima Districts as a way of capturing their histories of the war period. When Zimbabwe attained independence in 1980, the country embarked on a historicisation project that was ably supported by a memorialization one. The aim of these twin projects was to capture the experiences of people who had either participated in the war or had been affected by it. Whilst all the other key players in that war such as the political leadership, the war veterans, the former detainees and even the ordinary peasants' experiences have been captured in these projects, there has been an absolute silence on those of people who were refugees. The same also applies to the omission of the refugee's voice in the continued regeneration of such histories that has been taking place since the year 2000 in Zimbabwe. Using the central question that asks about the experiences of displacement in Zimbabwe's liberation war, the research argues that we can only understand the totality of that war, the interactions that took place and the identities it created if the refugee figure and voice are represented on the historical record.
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Harris, Katherine Margaret. "The Fine Line between Deportation and Refoulement : The Case of Zimbabweans in South Africa." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Teologiska institutionen, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-193850.
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In the mid-2000s, the South African government systematically deported illegal Zimbabweans from their territory. In 2009, they placed a moratorium on the deportations and introduced the Zimbabwe Documentation Process (“ZDP”), which was to allow many of the millions of Zimbabweans to regularise their stay in South Africa. During the moratorium, Zimbabweans continued to arrive in South Africa. As an immediate reaction, the Government of South Africa began to deny entry to Zimbabweans at the border, even when they claimed the need to seek asylum. The ZDP process finished at the end of 2010 and had only assisted approximately 275,000 individuals; a small number compared to the reported millions living in South Africa. In October 2011, the Government lifted the moratorium on deportations of Zimbabweans and, once again, systematically began deporting them. By August 2012, it was estimated that over 35,000 Zimbabweans had been deported from South Africa. This thesis explores the actions carried out by the South African government to handle the large numbers of Zimbabweans within their sovereign territory. It specifically considers the deportations, non-admission at the borders and the asylum-system in South Africa in reflection with the Government’s international, regional and national refugee law obligations regarding non-refoulement.
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Mutsvara, Sheena. "To what extent does Zimbabwe comply with its international obligations for the protection of unaccompanied and separated refugee children?" Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/5148.
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Magister Legum - LLMThis study set out to analyse Zimbabwe’s obligations under international law for the protection of UARC. Chapter one was an introduction to the study laying out the background of refugee and child protection. The background established that it was after World War II that the international community saw the need for an international instrument to define the legal status of refugees, after the refugee problem had not been resolved after World War I. This development saw the creation of the 1951 UN Refugee Convention. On the African continent the large number of people fleeing wars and internal conflict led to the adoption of the OAU Convention to address the unique problems associated with African refugees. The chapter also established that the protection of UARC should be integrated early into the design and implementation of assistance programmes. A child ought to be treated as a child first and as a refugee second. The main hypothesis of the research as set out in the chapter was that the children and refugee policies and laws in Zimbabwe do not sufficiently protect children in vulnerable situations such as UARC. Subsequent chapters addressed the issues raised in chapter one, that is outlining the obligations that Zimbabwe has internationally and showing whether these obligations are being fulfilled. Chapter two of the study examined Zimbabwe’s obligations in both international and regional law for protection of UARC. The study concluded that Zimbabwe by ratifying all refugee and children’s conventions, regionally and internationally is bound to protect refugee children, especially those who are unaccompanied. The chapter also established that the refugee Conventions do not fully protect UARC, as the definition of a refugee does not cater for children. It was submitted that these definitions require amendment. Specific protection for refugee children is provided in Art 22 of the CRC and Art 23 of the ACRWC, establishing that the best interests’ of the child principle is paramount especially to unaccompanied refugee in all stages of their displacement cycle until they receive appropriate accommodation. General Comment 6 lays out the various legal obligations that States have which include the obligation to respect the best interests of the child, the obligation pertaining to non-discrimination, providing care and accommodation arrangements and respect for the child views. Although being soft law, the General Comment as discussed in chapter two cannot be simply ignored as it is a vital tool used by treaty bodies to further explain or give flesh to rights provided in a UN Convention. Included in these obligations are also procedural needs and general and special protection needs. Chapter two also established that pertinent to the issue of refugee protection is the issue of burden sharing which entails that a State that faces difficulties in refugee protection issues can appeal for help from other States. Zimbabwe needs to cooperate with other States such as South Africa which hosts most refugees in Africa, if the rights of UARC are to be fully realised. Such cooperation can range from assisting children to trace their families, reunification and the issuing of identity documents. The government though has and continues to engage with non-governmental organisations to ensure that it fulfils its obligations. It is also established that the UNHCR plays a very significant role in refugee protection and is the central agency for refugee protection. It has published various executive committee conclusions on UARC emphasising the need for cooperation between States in protection issues.⁴⁶² In chapter three, the study examined Zimbabwe’s legislation that protects unaccompanied refugee children and Zimbabwe’s encampment policies, concluding that there are still gaps in the law that protects UARC and asylum seekers. By and large, the Children’s Act of Zimbabwe conforms with international treaties. In particular, it declares that the best interest of the child shall be paramount in matters concerning them; however, it is largely silent on children’s right to participation.⁴⁶³ Reference to UARC in the Children’s Act can be inferred from the reference made to children in need of care. As highlighted in chapter 3 above, this provision is highly inadequate and in need of amendment. The Refugees Act of Zimbabwe, as discussed in chapter three, clearly falls short in addressing the specific needs of children by not providing a specific section that relates to children. It, further, omits to take into account the fact that children in some instances become refugees as a result of socio economic factors such as poverty amongst others. The definition of a refugee in the Act does not accommodate children since it is basically a duplication of the 1951 Convention and the OAU Conventions’ definitions which do not cater for children as discussed in chapter 2 above. The Constitution of Zimbabwe is very significant in that it provides for rights exclusively applying to children over and above those provided to everyone resident in Zimbabwe.⁴⁶⁴ The State is obliged to adopt policies and measures to fulfil these rights, however, subject to the limitation of available resources. The limitation, however, has not been subjected to progressive realisation, which implies that the State is not committed to the immediate and tangible progress towards realising children’s socio economic rights.⁴⁶⁵ The CESCR has reiterated that progressive realisation implies a specific and continuing obligation on states to, as much as possible, be expeditious and effective in working towards the full realisation of the rights.⁴⁶⁶ Implementation of these laws is also still a problem in Zimbabwe. The current economic problems in Zimbabwe, in which the State is failing to cater for its own people, hinders the State from fully fulfilling its obligations towards UARC. Thus, although the government has in place a social and legislative mechanism aimed at promoting the rights of children, it has not been able to fulfil its obligations in full because its duty has been limited to the State’s available resources. This study, therefore, makes the submission that NGO support and international cooperation is highly necessary for the realisation of refugee children’s rights in Zimbabwe. The study also established that there is need for proper accommodation, adequate food and quality education for UARC at the Tongogara refugee camp in Zimbabwe.
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Magunha, Farai Michael Andrew. "Homeward bound? : a case study of the voluntary repatriation and reintegration of Mozambican refugees from Zimbabwe." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.442475.
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Mafuwa, Edgar Ngonidzashe. "Experiences of Zimbabweans on the provision of health care at selected public health care centers in Cape Town, 1994-2009." University of the Western Cape, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/4856.
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Magister Artium - MAThere is a widely held assumption that immigrants have difficulties in accessing public health care services in South Africa. This assumption derives from the experiences of some immigrants in accessing public health care services at some public health care facilities which are all required by law and policy to provide such services. The main aim of the study was to investigate the experiences of Zimbabwean immigrants in accessing public health care services at some public clinics and hospitals in Cape Town. Foucault’s theory on power was used to unpack the experiences of Zimbabwean immigrants at these public health care centers. Zimbabwean immigrant participants were all purposively sampled for the study and medical personnel were randomly sampled. The Zimbabwean immigrants sampled had used public health care facilities in Cape Town. Semi-structured interviews were used to collect data from the Zimbabwean immigrants which were qualitatively analysed using content analysis. Questionnaires were also used to collect data from both the Zimbabwean immigrants and medical personnel and subsequently open-ended questions from the questionnaires were also analysed using content analysis and closed questions were analysed using the Micro-soft excel package of data assessment and statistically presented using pie, bar and line graphs. Themes that were recurring from the semi-structured interviews and responses from questionnaires suggested that immigrants in their experiences at public health care facilities encountered barriers that included communication problems, negative attitudes and xenophobia from medical staff, policy and practice problems and preferential treatment offered to citizens over non-citizens. Recommendations of what needs to be done to reduce barriers to health care for immigrants were made to all involved in the provision of health care. The study contributed to our understanding of barriers that immigrants encounter in accessing public health care in South Africa as well as the role of citizens in this process.
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Jacobsen, Karen. "The response of third world governments to mass influxes of refugees : a comparative policy analysis of Thailand and Zimbabwe." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/13128.
Full textBooks on the topic "Zimbabwean refugee"
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Chigudu, Hope Bagyendera. The socio-economic situation of Mozambican refugee women and children living in camps in Zimbabwe: An NPA/Austcare collaborative study. NPA, 1990.
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(Organization), Human Rights Watch. Neighbors in need: Zimbabweans seeking refuge in South Africa. Human Rights Watch, 2008.
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Mutema, Gaudencia. Rebuilding lives after genocide: Life histories of Rwandan refugees in Zimbabwe and Norway. Centre for Women's and Gender Research, Faculty of, 2006.
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Mutema, Gaudencia. Rebuilding lives after genocide: Life histories of Rwandan refugees in Zimbabwe and Norway. Universitetet i Bergen, 2005.
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Integrative Workshop for Trained and Untrained Mozambican Teachers in Refugee Camp Schools in Zimbabwe (1992 Mbuya Nehanda Training Centre, Melfort, Zimbabwe). Integrative Workshop for Trained and Untrained Mozambican Teachers in Refugee Camp Schools in Zimbabwe: Mbuya Nehanda Training Centre, Melfort, 23-28 August 1992 : workshop report. The Section, 1992.
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Section, Zimbabwe Ministry of Education Planning. An evaluation report on education with production in pilot secondary schools under the Zimbabwe Foundation for Education with Production. Ministry of Education, Planning Section, 1987.
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V, Nhundu, Mlambo P, Chung F, Zimbabwe Foundation for Education with Production., and Foundation for Education with Production (Gaborone, Botswana), eds. Education with production in Zimbabwe: The story of ZIMFEP. Zimbabwe Foundation for Education with Production, 2002.
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Hove, Calvin. Report on the impact survey on Operation Murambatsvina (Operation Restore Order): The case of Hatcliffe extension. s.n., 2005.
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Blumör, Rüdiger. "Education with production" in Zimbabwe: Ein Beitrag zur Theorie und Praxis eines pädagogischen Konzeptes in postkolonialer Situation. Verlag für Interkulturelle Kommunikation, 1988.
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Michael, Williams. Now is the time for running. Little, Brown, 2011.
Book chapters on the topic "Zimbabwean refugee"
1
Rugunanan, Pragna, and Ria Smit. "Migration, Mobilities and Families: Comparative Views Amongst Congolese, Burundian and Zimbabwean Female Refugees." In Gender and Mobility in Africa. Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-65783-7_5.
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Parpart, Jane L. "The Widow Refuses: Embodied Practices and Negotiations over Inheritance in Zimbabwe." In Political Economy, Power and the Body. Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780333983904_9.
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Rugoho, Tafadzwa, and Jenny Shumba. "Chapter 8 Disabled Refugee Students in Zimbabwe." In Strategies, Policies, and Directions for Refugee Education. Emerald Publishing Limited, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/s2055-364120180000013007.
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"The Perilous Trek: Zimbabwean Migrant Children and Teachers in South Africa." In Refugees, Immigrants, and Education in the Global South. Routledge, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203067734-10.
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Ndlovu, Lovemore. "‘The devil is on fire’: Analysing Pentecostalism as a place of refuge amidst economic and political turmoil in Zimbabwe." In Innovation and Competition in Zimbabwean Pentecostalism. Bloomsbury Academic, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9781350176027.ch-003.
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"4. Botswana: The Division of Zimbabweans into Refugees and Migrants." In Survival Migration. Cornell University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.7591/9780801468964-007.
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Moyo, Cletus. "Creating Democratic Spaces Through Theatre: The Case of Speak Out!" In Theatre and Democracy: Building Democracy in Post-war and Post-democratic Contexts. Cappelen Damm Akademisk/NOASP, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.23865/noasp.135.ch07.
Full textAbstract:
A few years into Zimbabwe’s independence, there were disturbances in the Midlands and Matabeleland provinces, resulting in the massacre of about 20,000 unarmed civilians in what has become known as the Gukurahundi. The atrocities ended with the signing of the Unity Accord in 1987. The government has, however, refused any culpability in the matter and has muted dialogue around the issue. To explore ways of speaking about the Gukurahundi issue and of aiding the grieving process for the second-generation sufferers of the Gukurahundi, I worked with a group of young people to devise and stage theatre on this emotive subject. This chapter reports and reflects on the activities involved in devising and staging Speak Out! phase one and phase two plays. It also identifies and discusses challenges and opportunities that lie in using theatre to create democratic spaces within silencing and oppressive structures. The chapter is framed within decoloniality theory as envisioned by Walter Mignolo. I argue that devised theatre is rich with potential to create democratic spaces that can give a platform for telling stories of pain and suffering when the mainstream media and channels are closed for such. I observe that techniques such as improvisation, storytelling and use of songs, when deployed during the devising process, assisted in creating a social and aesthetic space to speak about the Gukurahundi issues, creating a potential for helping those who are grieving.
Reports on the topic "Zimbabwean refugee"
1
Rohwerder, Brigitte. The Socioeconomic Impacts of the Covid-19 Pandemic on Forcibly Displaced Persons. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/cc.2021.006.
Full textAbstract:
Covid-19 and the response and mitigation efforts taken to contain the virus have triggered a global crisis impacting on all aspects of life. The impact of the Covid-19 pandemic for forcibly displaced persons (refugees, internally displaced persons and asylum seekers) extends beyond its health impacts and includes serious socioeconomic and protection impacts. This rapid review focuses on the available evidence of the socioeconomic impacts of the crisis on forcibly displaced persons, with a focus where possible and relevant on examples from countries of interest to the Covid Collective programme: Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Ghana, Iraq, Kenya, Malawi, Pakistan, Rwanda, South Sudan, Syria, Uganda, Yemen, Zambia and Zimbabwe.