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Journal articles on the topic 'Zimbabwean society'
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1
Chimuka, Garikai. "Western hysteria over killing of Cecil the lion! Othering from the Zimbabwean gaze." Tourist Studies 19, no. 3 (March 8, 2019): 336–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1468797619832316.
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The Western media exploded in August 2015 because of a lion killed in Africa. Politicians, conservationists, civil society, musicians, sports stars, talk show hosts and ordinary people were outraged by the killing of a lion called Cecil in Zimbabwe. Interestingly there was not much focus on the reaction of Zimbabweans who were most injured by Cecil’s death. If anything, Zimbabweans were surprised by the blanket coverage of Cecil. In this essay, Zimbabweans’ reaction to the Western media coverage was analysed within the broader context of Edward Said’s concept of ‘Othering’. Viewing the concept of Othering through the Zimbabwean lenses deepened and widened the traditional definition of Othering to include self-Othering and what I termed reverse-Othering. The Zimbabwean gaze must be understood and contextualised. Without this understanding, the ultimate outrage over Cecil, which is about sustainable wildlife management, might not be won for local people must be partners in the sustainability endeavour.
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Mangena, Tendai. "Suffer Little Children: Zimbabwean Childhood Literary Representations in the Context of Crisis." International Journal of Children's Rights 19, no. 2 (2011): 205–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/157181810x512398.
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AbstractA closer reading of post – independence Zimbabwean short stories shows that childhood is more complex than its traditional conceptions. There are various diverging childhood depictions in literature. is paper explores these divergences, focusing initially on how children are represented as possessing what Muponde and Chihota (2000) call 'taboo shattering instincts in a diseased society'. In societies where there are clear human rights violations, children and other vulnerable groups are the most affected. In this respect, the paper explores various literary representations that deal with how children were affected during the Zimbabwean millennial crisis that was at most characterised by human rights violation. In any given society, at some point, adults are expected to resist forms of oppression; this paper argues that in literature and in society, children may be figures of resistance as well. Short stories to be scrutinised will be selected from the following editions; Not Another Day (2006), No More Plastic Balls: New Voices in the Zimbabwean Short Story (2000), Women Writing Zimbabwe (2008), Writing Still: New Stories from Zimbabwe (2003), Writing Now: More Stories from Zimbabwe and An Elegy for Easterly (2009).
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Chipaike, Ronald, and Paul Henri Bischoff. "Chinese Engagement of Zimbabwe and the Limits of Elite Agency." Journal of Asian and African Studies 54, no. 7 (May 16, 2019): 947–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0021909619848783.
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This article contends that Zimbabwe’s agency in its engagement with China has been limited and at best circumscribed. This owes to factors such as indifference by state authorities to cooperation with civil society actors in negotiating with Chinese actors, the desperation of the The Zimbabwe African National Union – Patriotic Front regime in the face of isolation by erstwhile partners as well as the opacity and secrecy that characterizes significant areas of the Zimbabwe–China relationship. The pressing need for critical institutions such as parliament to play independent oversight roles as well as the creation of space for civil society watchdog functions are highlighted as key enablers if Zimbabwean agency is to generate positive gains from the country’s engagement with China.
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Gijimah, Tevedzerai, and Collen Sabao. "Bi/multilingual Voices and Audiences? Code-Switching in Zimbabwean Popular Drama, Studio 263." International Journal of Linguistics 8, no. 5 (September 29, 2016): 40. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/ijl.v8i5.10084.
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<p class="1"><span lang="X-NONE">Code-switching is an observed common discourse linguistic behaviour in Zimbabwean popular dramas. The motives and effects of the use of code-switching in such communicative contexts is however an understudied area. This article examines the communicative impact/effects on the audience, of code-switching as a communication strategy in <em>Studio 263</em>, one of Zimbabwe’s popular dramas (soap operas). Observing that code-switching has become part and parcel of Zimbabwean everyday discourses – a situation chiefly resulting from the Zimbabwean linguistic situation characterised by bi/multilingual societies – the analysis explores the rhetorical and communicative potential of code-switching as a communication strategy within the communicative contexts that popular dramas represent and in a bi/multilingual society. The Zimbabwean language situation promotes the use of the English language in all formal communicative events while the ‘indigenous’ languages (Shona and Ndebele) do not enjoy similar privileges. Because English is a second language to the majority of the residents of Zimbabweans, this has resulted in the proliferation of bi/multilingual communities. This article critiques the justification of the use of code-switching in <em>Studio 263</em> as well as its use as a tool for communicating to a ‘larger’ audience.</span></p>
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Murombo, Tumai. "The Effectiveness of Initiatives to Promote Good Governance, Accountability and Transparency in the Extractives Sector in Zimbabwe." Journal of African Law 60, no. 2 (April 6, 2016): 230–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021855316000061.
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AbstractThe regulation of the extractives sector in Zimbabwe has recently come under scrutiny due to the uncertain social, economic and political environment. Zimbabwe's mining sector was under colonial legislation for a long time and that legislation has recently been reviewed. Existing extractives sector laws do not adequately promote transparency and accountability, an issue recognized by stakeholders throughout the mining sector. The advent of the new constitution and law reform processes indicates Zimbabwe's intention to incorporate good governance, transparency and accountability provisions in the mining sector. State driven reforms have been inspired by global and local civil society initiatives. Analysis shows that, for various reasons, the government does not readily embrace such initiatives, which are important drivers of official policy and legal reforms. Zimbabwean environmental civil society groups have been exceptional in this regard.
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Magosvongwe, Ruby, Zifikile Mguni, and Abner Nyamende. "AN ANALYSIS OF LITERARY DEPICTIONS OF YOUTH EMPLOYMENT AND SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT AGAINST THE BACKDROP OF LAND REDISTRIBUTION IN POST-2000 ZIMBABWE." Commonwealth Youth and Development 12, no. 2 (September 28, 2016): 99–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.25159/1727-7140/1640.
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The article discusses literary depictions of youth employment opportunities and sustainable socioeconomic development in post-2000 Zimbabwe in Lawrence Hoba and Petina Gappah’s short story collections, The Trek and Other Stories (2009) and An Elegy for Easterly (2009), respectively. The article views youth employment from an unorthodox/unscientific perspective, considering the informal self-employment strategies that Zimbabwean society has adopted, as depicted in the selected short story collections. It defies the singular approach in the manner that employment is generally viewed and quantified, especially in the context of the vilified Zimbabwean land redistribution processes that the short story collections dwell on. To this end, the article challenges readers and critics of the Zimbabwean youth employment situation and Zimbabwean sustainable socio-economic development from the perspective of the tight rope that the country walks on as Zimbabweans adopt strategies and mechanisms to self-regenerate and transform the livelihoods of the greater majority. The article concludes that real and sustainable youth employment and greater socio-economic development can only be attained through genuine ownership of land as the major economic resource, and through internal accountability for the more equitable distribution and benefitting the same. Self-serving modes that see development as an end in itself, without taking into account the quality of human lives, are self-defeating.
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Mabuto, Kudzai, and Umali Saidi. "Locating the nihilistic culture within Zimdancehall in contemporary Zimbabwe." DANDE Journal of Social Sciences and Communication 2, no. 2 (2018): 57–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.15641/dande.v2i2.46.
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A fusion of the Caribbean, African American and Zimbabwean music genres into the infamous glocalized Zimdancehall music has dulled the significance of other traditionalist Zimbabwean music genres. Dancehall culture has caused much controversy in Zimbabwean society, being blamed for the country’s increase in crime, violence and believed to encourage misogynistic attitudes among Zimbabwean youths through its negative themes. Using appraisal and dramatism theories the article shows the existential crisis the youth in Zimbabwe face due to economic as well as other social forces and thus align themselves to rather destructive misogynistic behaviours which somehow characterises contemporary Zimbabwe. Established in the article is the extent to which language used in Zimdancehall music is socially charged as well as globalized thus influencing youth feelings, emotions and behaviors. The article analyses lyrics of selected songs as well as makes references to selected musical videos from Zimdancehall artistes such as Soul Jah Love, Winky D, Lady Bee and Killer T as prominent artists revealing what has come to be considered contemporary ‘ghetto culture’ within popular culture in Zimbabwe. It is further argued that Zimdancehall has come to shape, inform behaviors, perceptions and aspirations of the Zimbabwean youth largely due to its nature of production as well as dissemination.
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Chidora, Tanaka. "Heroes and Heroines in Zimbabwean Fiction." Journal of African Languages and Literary Studies 2, no. 2 (August 1, 2021): 11–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.31920/2633-2116/2021/v2n2a1.
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This paper was developed from a talk that I gave on heroes and heroines in Zimbabwean fiction at the now defunct Book Café in Harare, Zimbabwe. By the time they invited me, my hosts had already come up with a clearly demarcated guideline of who heroes and heroines are, and connected these heroes and heroines to what they called 'revered' values of 'our' society. My response was not to follow that template, but to create a separate deconstructionist taxonomy that questioned such an assumption. This deconstructionist adventure was based on the belief that heroes/heroines are not the same for everyone, especially in a post-independence Zimbabwean society characterised by conditions that are far removed from the promises of independence. Thus, in a country whose independence has been postponed because of various factors, including a leadership whose form of governance involves violence against its citizens in the name of protecting them, a monolithic view of heroes/heroines and revered values needs to be interrogated. Zimbabwean literature offers an inventory that refuses to pander to my hosts' template, and it is this inventory that I used to question the assumption that Zimbabwe was one, huge, happy and united national family because based on its many literary texts, what we have is a dystopian family still trying to find its way and define its heroes/heroines.
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Kuperus, Tracy. "Building democracy: an examination of religious associations in South Africa and Zimbabwe." Journal of Modern African Studies 37, no. 4 (December 1999): 643–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022278x99003171.
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This paper explores the dynamics of regime change in South Africa and Zimbabwe through an examination of civil society's role, but more particularly mainline Christian religious associations, in democratising and consolidating democracy. After surveying state–civil society debates, an analysis of the nature and purpose of civil society in these two countries is undertaken. In both countries, a vibrant, diverse civil society exists that builds or strengthens democratic possibilities; however, Zimbabwean civil society is weaker for reasons that include regime type, the particularities of the liberation struggle, and constitutional limitations. The paper concludes with prescriptions for strengthening civil society in South Africa based on lessons learned from Zimbabwe.
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Machingura, Francis. "The Reading & Interpretation of Matthew 18:21-22 in Relation to Multiple Reconciliations: The Zimbabwean Experience." Exchange 39, no. 4 (2010): 331–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/157254310x537016.
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AbstractThe mention of the terms ‘healing, truth and reconciliation’, conjure up different meanings across religio-political, social and economical divide in Zimbabwe. This paper seeks to explore the possible implications of the reading of Matthew 18:21-22 in relation to reconciliation in the face of continual and structural violence in Zimbabwe. This rose as a result of the multiple reconciliation undertakings that have been witnessed by the Zimbabweans since the attainment of Independence in 1980. These healing whistles have been sounded in 1980, 1987 and recently 2008 after the brutal violence that took place in different shapes and depth. Most of the victims belonged to both political parties but mostly opposition parties save the violence before Independence as shall be shown in this paper. What is interesting is that, the recent 24-26 July 2009 healing calls by Mugabe are no longer a new phenomenon in Zimbabwe, as they do not produce any positive change on people’s behaviour and attitude; when it comes to how Zimbabwean people should relate and integrate each other without resorting to violence in the face of different political views. Surprisingly the calls for peace, unity, reconciliation, integration and forgiveness have left the Zimbabwean society more: wounded, divided and polarised than healed; and more disintegrated than integrated. How does one reconcile with someone who murdered your father, raped your mother or sister in your face; and that person is not made accountable for his actions but is only asked to apologize? This paper seeks to argue that healing or any reconciliation without the seeking of truth and justice is a goose chasing as it still leaves Zimbabwe a ‘violence infested’ country. I also take issue with Religious Leaders who quote Matthew 18:21-22; as a precursor for unconditional forgiveness on the part of the victim when it comes to reconciliation and healing in Zimbabwe.
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Trålim, Vibeke. "Economic and Political Aspects of Zimbabwean Society." Forum for Development Studies 23, no. 1 (January 1996): 185–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08039410.1996.9666024.
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Helliker, Kirk, and Gerald Chikozho Mazarire. "Mnangagwa’s Zimbabwe: Crisis? What Crisis?" Journal of Asian and African Studies 56, no. 2 (March 2021): 171–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0021909620986583.
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Three years after the November 2017 coup in Zimbabwe and the installation of Emmerson Mnangagwa as ruling party and state president, there is growing scholarly interest in identifying the character of the post-coup regime, particularly in comparison to the 37-year reign of Robert Mugabe’s ZANU-PF. So far, there are continuities and changes, with increasing concerns about a qualitative shift in the militarization of Zimbabwean state and society under Mnangagwa and the further closing down of civil society space. Perhaps more so than during the first two years of post-coup Zimbabwe, this has become abundantly clear during the Covid-19 pandemic lockdown.
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Rohmer, Martin. "Form as Weapon: the Political Function of Song in Urban Zimbabwean Theatre." New Theatre Quarterly 16, no. 2 (May 2000): 148–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266464x0001366x.
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In Zimbabwean society, what may not be spoken sometimes becomes acceptable in song – whether to avoid social taboos and enable a wife to complain against her mother-in-law, or in broadening the boundaries of political protest. In this article, Martin Rohmer looks back to the ways in which song enabled forms of protest against forced labour and other aspects of colonial rule – in times of outward compliance as well as of direct struggle – and considers how urban theatre groups in independent Zimbabwe have adapted the tradition to their own, contemporary ends. Martin Rohmer spent almost two years studying Zimbabwean theatre when a research assistant at the University of Bayreuth, and completed his doctorate on Theatre and Performance in Zimbabwe at the Humboldt University, Berlin, in 1997. Since then he has been working in the field of cultural management for the Young Artists' Festival in Bayreuth. The present paper was first presented at the Annual Meeting of the African Studies Association in San Francisco in November 1996.
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Magosvongwe, Ruby. "MATHIAS MHERE’S FUNCTIONAL USES OF GOSPEL MUSIC IN THE ZIMBABWEAN POST-2000 MALADIES." Imbizo 6, no. 1 (June 21, 2017): 67–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.25159/2078-9785/2798.
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The article critiques Mathias Mhere’s gospel music from an Afrocentric perspective within the context of complexities and maladies that have impacted negatively on the majority’s livelihoods in Zimbabwe’s post-2000 period. The maladies have seen society marshalling different strategies and oral art forms to keep people’s spirits buoyant. Oral art forms have always been at the centre of African experience, constituting a repository of the philosophy of life as desired, imagined, and treasured among most indigenous families and communities. In the absence of the oral folklore and oral art forms of yesteryear that were used to inculcate communal values and skills to self-define and safeguard cultural spaces, gospel music has made inroads and carved an indelible niche that needs critical attention. This strategy is not novel to Zimbabwe. Music as an oral and performance art has always been deeply ingrained in most social activities to raise and censure conduct across all ages for society’s greater good, including cementing the social fabric, and fostering social cohesion and stability among most indigenous families and communities. In the recalcitrant environment, fraught with a myriad of maladies and many a family in dispersion, gospel music in the indigenous languages becomes critical in exhorting and censuring attitudes, conduct and desires in order to uphold treasured values. Family dispersions disrupted institutions and fractured relationships, further fanning insecurities and imbalances. It is from this angle that this article makes a critical analysis of Mathias Mhere’s gospel lyrics. Mhere is one of the most popular young gospel artists whose albums have been hits on the Zimbabwean music charts. The article therefore examines the forte behind Mhere’s gospel music in the Zimbabwean post-2000 maladies. It also interrogates Mhere’s artistic creativity, sensitivity and commitment to sustainable livelihoods and survival in post-2000 Zimbabwe’s fractious environment.
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Musvoto, Rangarirai. "Tensions and conflicts in Zimbabwean society: Nyamubaya reminisces." English Academy Review 24, no. 1 (May 2007): 61–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17535360712331393477.
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Mlambo, Alois S. "Becoming Zimbabwe or Becoming Zimbabwean: Identity, Nationalism and State-building." Africa Spectrum 48, no. 1 (April 2013): 49–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000203971304800103.
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This lecture explores the processes of identity-making and state-building in a multi-ethnic and multiracial society recently emerging from a protracted armed struggle against racially ordered, settler-colonial domination. It explores the extent to which historical factors, such as the nature of the state, the prevailing national political economy, and regional and international forces and developments have shaped notions of belonging and citizenship over time and have affected state-building efforts. The role of the postcolonial state and economy, political developments and the land question in shaping the postcolonial dispensation is also examined. The lecture argues that, like most African states created by colonialism, Zimbabwe is not yet a nation and that it is only in the process of becoming. It also comments on the role of historians in shaping notions of nationhood and identity.
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Sylvester, Christine. "Unities and Disunities in Zimbabwe's 1990 Election." Journal of Modern African Studies 28, no. 3 (September 1990): 375–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022278x00054616.
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In 1985 the Zimbabwean national election presented voters with a drama of pretence. The Zimbabwe African National Union (Patriotic Front), known as Z.A.N.U. (P.F.), the party in power, issued a manifesto for ‘unity of the working people in the advance of a just Socialist Society’; meanwhile its candidates routinely cast aspersions on (working) people who supported the major rival party, the Patriotic Front–Zimbabwe African People's Union (P.F.-Z.A.P.U.). The latter defensively called for a unified effort to ensure that multi-party liberalism would prevail in Zimbabwe; it then implicitly endorsed most of the principles of social balance through growth with equity which its alleged ‘Marxist–Leninist’ opponents had instituted.
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Moyo, Sam, and Paris Yeros. "Intervention The Zimbabwe Question and the Two Lefts." Historical Materialism 15, no. 3 (2007): 171–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156920607x225924.
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AbstractThis article identifies the two currents that have divided the Left over the Zimbabwe question. It argues that in the course of the radicalisation of the Zimbabwean state, 'Two Lefts' emerged, the so-called 'internationalist' and the 'nationalist', to take up opposite positions over a series of political questions, most notably the agrarian question and the national question. The article defends the nationalist Left and offers a critique of the 'internationalist' Left through a discussion of contemporary imperialism, the neocolonial state, and civil society.
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Gwirayi, Pesanayi, and Almon Shumba. "Children's Rights: How Much Do Zimbabwe Urban Secondary School Pupils Know?" International Journal of Children's Rights 19, no. 2 (2011): 195–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/157181810x513199.
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Abstract Research shows that the violation of the rights of the child manifests in various forms in our society. is study sought to investigate children's awareness about their rights and organisations which deal with their rights in Zimbabwean schools. The study is informed by the Empowerment Theory. Data were collected from a randomly selected sample of 376 secondary school children (200 male, 176 female; age range 12 to 16 years) from 3 schools in Gweru Urban District of Zimbabwe. Children were asked to list their rights and organisations which deal with child rights on given worksheets. The study found that most of the children were not aware about their rights and organisations which deal with their rights. The introduction of Children's Rights as a subject in schools can help increase children's safety, protection and well-being. There is also need to put more thrust on workshops and seminars on Children's Rights in Zimbabwean schools.
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Nembaware, Shadreck. "NOVEL-FILM INTERFACE AND POSTCOLONIAL DYSTOPIA: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF TSITSI DANGAREMBGA’S NOVEL AND FILM, NERVOUS CONDITIONS AND NERIA." Imbizo 5, no. 1 (June 23, 2017): 52–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.25159/2078-9785/2829.
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This paper comparatively and contrastively explores two art forms, the novel and film, by the same artist, Tsitsi Dangarembga, with a view to gauging their effectiveness in configuring Zimbabwe’s postcolonial dispensation. What is gained and what is lost when an artist shifts from one art form to another? Dangarembga belongs to the protest tradition of Zimbabwean postcolonial artists and the conceptual fibre of this tradition is notably the dystopian themes like disillusionment, cultural confusion, sex-role stereotyping, as well as social power relations. Dangarembga’s canonical novel, Nervous conditions (1988), and the highest grossing film in Zimbabwean history, Neria (1993), are both sterling attempts within the feminist tradition. The film and novel mirror a society in the throes of an epochal transition, the sense of impending change giving the works the commonality of an apocalyptic vision. Against a backdrop shaped by the interplay of historical, cultural and colonial forces, the works become perceptive anthropological windows into a society replete with multiple contradictions. In both her novel and her film, Dangarembga equips her protagonists, Tambudzai and Neria respectively, with a self-defining voice that questions and subverts the status quo. Salient manifestations of toxic masculinity in this patriarchal society account for the subtlety with which Dangarembga critiques gender relations within and without the boundaries of race and class. The protagonists in both works undergo rigorous struggles from which they ultimately emerge as different persons. This paper focuses on the nature of this struggle and its concomitant change.
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Pasura, Dominic. "Religious Transnationalism: The case of Zimbabwean Catholics in Britain." Journal of Religion in Africa 42, no. 1 (2012): 26–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/157006612x629069.
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AbstractThis article examines the ways in which mainstream churches engender migrants’ maintenance of transnational ties and improve their integration into British society. It uses the Zimbabwean Catholic congregation in Birmingham as a case study. The central thrust of this article is that African diaspora congregations have emerged as public spaces to construct transnational identities and provide alternative forms of belonging, and have reinvented themselves as agents of re-evangelization to the host society. In contrast to other transnational ties such as remittances and hometown associations whose activities are orientated toward the homeland, reverse evangelization embodies the giving out of something to the host society. It is the awareness and ability to influence and shape the face of Christianity in Britain that gives African Christian migrants the agency to participate in other aspects of British society, providing an alternative path to integration. As the article argues, religious identities among Zimbabwean migrants should be seen not just as a religious phenomenon but also as markers of cultural difference from the host society, which constructs them as ‘other’.
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Asri, Nurul Anisa, Muhammad Nasir Badu, and Pusparida Syahdan. "Peranan United Nations Joint Program On HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS) Terhadap Penurunan Tingkat Penderita HIV/AIDS Di Zimbabwe." Hasanuddin Journal of International Affairs 1, no. 1 (February 1, 2021): 01–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.31947/hjirs.v1i1.12738.
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This study aims to examine the role of UNAIDS in efforts to reduce the rate of HIV / AIDS sufferers in Zimbabwe. The research method used is qualitative with secondary data techniques in the form of books, journals, documents, and various valid sources. All data were analyzed qualitatively. The results of this study indicate that UNAIDS as an international organization has become an aid and channel of foreign aid to Zimbabwe in collaboration with the Zimbabwean government to reduce the level of sufferers in the country. The existence of UNAIDS in Zimbabwe has affected the reduction of HIV / AIDS sufferers. However, this collaborative effort has constraints on Zimbabwe's unfavorable economic and human resource conditions. Apart from that, the cultural factor of society which is quite difficult to accept changes in something is also an obstacle.
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peran UNAIDS dalam upaya penurunan tingkat penderita HIV/AIDS di Zimbabwe. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kualitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan data-data sekunder berupa buku, jurnal, dokumen, dan berbagai sumber valid. Seluruh data dianalisa secara kualitatif. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa UNAIDS sebagai sebuah organisasi internasional menjadi bantuan dan penyalur bantuan luar negeri kepada Zimbabwe bekerja sama dengan pemerintah Zimbabwe untuk mengurangi tingkat penderita di negara tersebut. Keberadaan UNAIDS di Zimbabwe telah mempengaruhi penurunan tingkat penderita HIV/AIDS. Namun, upaya kerjasama ini memiliki hambatan yakni kondisi perekonomian dan sumber daya manusia di Zimbabwe yang kurang baik. Selain itu faktor kebudayaan masyarakat yang cukup sulit menerima perubahan akan suatu hal juga menjadi salah satu hambatan.
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Bvirindi, Tawanda Ray, and Nigel Mxolisi Landa. "Exploring Policy Issues on the Trafficking of Women in Southern Africa with Reference to Zimbabwe." Africanus: Journal of Development Studies 46, no. 2 (October 26, 2017): 73–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.25159/0304-615x/2662.
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Following the socio-economic and political problems that ensued after the Fast Track Land Reform Programme (FTLRP) in Zimbabwe, instances of human trafficking previously unseen on a large scale have sparked a newfound interest among policy makers and researchers. This article examines the flawed system provided by the Zimbabwean Trafficking in Persons Act No. 4 of 2014 for the protection of victims of human trafficking. It argues that the “Palermo Protocol”—the international instrument against all trafficking in persons is well-equipped to assume greater responsibility in ensuring the protection of victims. Although the Palermo Protocol is a universal protocol; which should be contextualised to suit various scenarios in which trafficking occurs across the globe, it may still be reasonably interpreted as providing the core principles which are vital to the protection of vulnerable populations from trafficking. Over the long haul, a new Zimbabwean Act, re-aligned with the Palermo Protocol, yet flexible, anti-trafficking partnerships between the government, Non-governmental Organisations and Civil Society remain the most viable solutions to addressing this predicament.
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Seda, Owen, and Nehemiah Chivandikwa. "CIVIL SOCIETY, RELIGION AND APPLIED THEATRE IN A KAIROTIC MOMENT - PRELIMINARY REFLECTIONS ON A PROJECT ON POLITICAL VIOLENCE & TORTURE IN ZIMBABWE: 2001 – 2002." Commonwealth Youth and Development 14, no. 2 (March 28, 2017): 81–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.25159/1727-7140/1806.
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This article is a critical reflection on possibilities for social transformation and democratisation that can be possibly realised through collaborations between young people in civil society, African traditional religion and the Christian movement in contemporary contexts. In this context the focus on young people as key agents of change is informed by the frequent observation that young people are often the major perpetrators (and victims) of political violence and yet the least beneficiaries from the political spoils. The article analyses a project in the use of applied theatre to address political violence and torture that was conducted by the University of Zimbabwe's Department of Theatre Arts and Amani Trust some time between October 2001 and March 2002. The article uses that project to investigate and to illustrate some of the opportunities that can be harnessed by religious arms of civil society to strengthen peace in disadvantaged rural communities, such as we find in contemporary Zimbabwe, and which often bear the brunt of social unrest in times of political uncertainty. The study approaches time as a social construct that determines human agency and decision-making in order to adopt the biblical concept of ‘kairos’ or the ‘kairotic’ moment. The ‘kairotic’ moment referred to in this paper is the period between 1999 and 2008 when the Zimbabwean polity faced one of its severest national crises following protracted political contestation. This resulted in unprecedented levels of political intolerance, and state-sanctioned violence and torture in the country’s post-independence history. This level of political violence was perhaps second only to the infamous Gukurahundi massacres, which took place in the Midlands and Matebeleland provinces during the mid-1980s. We also view the kairotic moment as a critical moment for making a fundamental decision. It is full of both promise and danger, so much so that whether the moment ‘reaps’ hope or danger depends on how the moment is seized. We ask: Did civil society seize the moment to reap hope? In other words, we analyse whether various arms of Zimbabwean civil society took advantage of the ‘pregnant’ or kairotic moment to liberate itself. The authors adopt existing discourses on civil society and liberation theology to argue that whenever the time is ripe for meaningful intervention, there in fact exist immense opportunities for different branches of civil society domiciled in both traditional African and modern Christian religions to harness applied theatre in the service of peace and democratisation in the face of political adversity and uncertainty.
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Gagiano, A. H. "Manning the Nation: Father figures in Zimbabwean literature and society." English Academy Review 26, no. 1 (May 2009): 95–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10131750902768473.
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Maxwell, David. "‘Catch the Cockerel Before Dawn’: Pentecostalism and Politics in Post-Colonial Zimbabwe." Africa 70, no. 2 (May 2000): 249–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/afr.2000.70.2.249.
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AbstractThe article examines relations between pentecostalism and politics in post-colonial Zimbabwe through a case study of one of Africa’s largest pentecostal movements, Zimbabwe Assemblies of God, Africa (ZAOGA). The Church’s relations with the state change considerably from the colonial to the post-colonial era. The movement began as a sectarian township-based organisation which eschewed politics but used white Rhodesian and American contacts to gain resources and modernise. In the first decade of independence the leadership embraced the dominant discourses of cultural nationalism and development but fell foul of the ruling party, ZANU/PF, because of its ‘seeming’ connections with the rebel politician Ndabiningi Sithole and the American religious right. By the 1990s ZAOGA and ZANU/PF had embraced, each drawing legitimacy from the other. However, this reciprocal assimilation of elites and the authoritarianism of ZAOGA’s leadership are in tension with the democratic egalitarian culture found in local assemblies, where the excesses of leaders are challenged. These alternative pentecostal practices are in symbiosis with radical township politics and progressive sources in civil society. Thus, while pentecostalism may renew the process of politics in Zimbabwe, it may itself be renewed by the outside forces of wider Zimbabwean society.
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Chiweshe, Manase Kudzai. "Money, football and politics: Asiagate and the scourge of match-fixing in Zimbabwe." Review of Nationalities 9, no. 1 (December 1, 2019): 111–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/pn-2019-0009.
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AbstractFootball is the most popular game in Zimbabwe. Events and activities in this sport in many ways mirror the state of wider society in the country. This paper provides a grounded critique of how money, football and politics intersect through the lens of the Asiagate match-fixing scandal which engulfed post-2000 Zimbabwe. It utilizes reports and transcripts from the investigation to highlight the role of various actors in the match-fixing scandal including administrators, politicians, coaches, players, referees, and journalists. The paper argues that Asiagate needs to be understood in the context of the globalization of match-fixing and the socio-economic crises engulfing post-2000 Zimbabwe. The socio-economic crises characterized by widespread poverty and suffering left players vulnerable to match-fixers. The paper concludes that the politically connected and powerful players in the scandal were not held accountable and this has created precedence for the continued existence of match-fixing in Zimbabwean football.
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Vhutuza, Ephraim, and Urther Rwafa. "CONTESTATION OF HEGEMONIES THROUGH PROPAGANDA THEATRE IN POST 2000 ZIMBABWE: THE CASE OF MAD¬ZOKA ZIMBABWE AND THE COUP." Imbizo 5, no. 2 (June 23, 2017): 50–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.25159/2078-9785/2845.
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This paper discusses the state-) citizen contestations in Zimbabwe and examines the role of theatre in legitimising and/or resisting state hegemonies in the context of the post 2000 Zimbabwean cultural struggle. Using the theory of hegemony, the paper argues that, after ) the repossession of land by the majority of the black population in 2000 and the constitutional referendum held in February 2000, whose “No” vote challenged the hegemonic discourses and patriotic history of the ruling ZANU PF party, what followed was a largely polarised society split between the pro-hegemonic civic society such as ZNLWA on one hand, and an equally vociferous anti-hegemonic civic society that supported the ruling cultural formations (Raftopoulos and Mlambo 2009; Ravengai 2008). The pro-hegemonic(agree) civic society sought to stabilise and legitimise state authority and its discourses on sovereignty, land reform and the removal of sanctions, while counter-state hegemonic actors such as ZimRights agitated for the respect of human rights, constitutionalism and democracy. Individual theatre practitioners took a cue from these opposing civic society bodies and critically dialogued among themselves, thereby creating some form of binaries characterised by those who also sought to stabilise and maintain the prevailing status quo on one hand, and those that resisted and questioned the legitimacy of the prevailing hegemonies on other hand. In this paper, the polarised state of the theatre is represented by two opposing agitational propaganda performances, Madzoka Zimbabwe and The Coup.
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Machingura, Francis. "‘A woman should learn in quietness and full submission’ (1 Timothy 2: 11): Empowering Women in the Fight against Masculine Readings of Biblical Texts and a Chauvinistic African Culture in the Face of HIV and AIDS." Studies in World Christianity 19, no. 3 (December 2013): 233–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/swc.2013.0059.
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The status of women has generally become a human rights issue the world over, and Zimbabwe has not been left behind in that debate. Unfortunately, some men and women still believe that for women to occupy influential positions in society is testimony to the coming of the end of the world. As a way of buttressing men's patriarchal or chauvinistic views, the bible is invoked to remind women about their place and role in society. Using a random sampling method, interviews were conducted with twenty-five men and twenty-five women in Harare, Zimbabwe, on their perspective on 1 Timothy 2: 11 in the light of the empowerment of women in Zimbabwean society. This paper seeks to prove that negative perceptions against women are unhelpful and retrogressive and go against millennium development goals, particularly when biblical texts like 1 Timothy 2: 11–12, Ephesians 5: 25, 1 Peter 3: 1–2, 1 Corinthians 7: 4–5 and 1 Corinthians 14: 33b–35 are invoked to fight against the empowerment of women in the face of HIV and AIDS. Biblical texts like 1 Timothy 2: 11–12 can be applied out of context and erroneously used to serve or support patriarchal agendas – a position that this paper dismisses as morally untenable and disadvantageous to the rights of contemporary women. Yet the majority of women, as in the case of Zimbabwe, bear the effects of HIV and AIDS, poverty, unemployment and domestic violence.
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Daneel, M. L. "Contextualising environmental theology at Unisa and in African society." Religion and Theology 2, no. 1 (1995): 87–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/157430195x00069.
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AbstractThis article* sets out the main objectives of a new chair and related centre or institute at the University of South Africa for Religious Research and Environmental Reform which Professor Daneel has envisaged for several years. The objectives of: teaching environmental theology at various levels (including contextualised courses for African Initiated Churches at the grassroots of African society); initiating empirical research projects (as feasibility studies for new environmental projects, studies for monitoring project implementation, the gauging of societal response to environmental initiatives, etc; and introducing a wide range of field operations through the motivation and empowerment of religious or other communities, are closely related to the religio-ecological models already developed by the Zimbabwean Institute of Religious Research and Ecological Conservation (ZIRRCON) in Zimbabwe. These objectives also correspond with the threefold mission of Unisa. It is worthy of note that a substantial grant of R2,3 million was made by Goldfields, South Africa, early in December 1994 towards the realisation of the goals set out in this paper. These goals were later modified, in consultation with Professor Daneel, by Reverend David Olivier, environmental theologian in the Department of Systematic Theology at Unisa. Reverend Olivier will be the first executive director, with Professor Daneel acting as senior consultant, of what initially will be called the Goldfields Project of Faith and Earthkeeping at Unisa.
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Rugwiji, Temba T. "REREADING TEXTS OF MUSIC AND DANCE IN THE HEBREW BIBLE: THE SPIRITUALITY OF MUSIC AND DANCE IN ZIMBABWE." Journal for Semitics 25, no. 1 (May 9, 2017): 72–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.25159/1013-8471/2527.
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The Hebrew Bible depicts that music and dance formed part of worship and reverence of Yahweh in which various musical instruments were played during ancient biblical times. In the modern post-biblical world, music and dance characterise every context of human existence either in moments of love, joy, celebration, victory, sorrow or reverence. In Zimbabwe, music — which is usually accompanied by dance — serves various purposes such as solidarity towards or remonstration against the land reform, despondency against corruption, celebration, giving hope to the sick, worship as in the church or appeasing the dead by those who are culturally-entrenched. Two fundamental questions need to be answered in this article: 1) What was the significance of music and dance in ancient Israel? 2) What is the significance of music and dance in Zimbabwe? In response to the above questions, this essay engages into dialogue the following three contestations. First, texts of music, musical instruments and dance in the Hebrew Bible are discussed in view of their spiritual significance in ancient Israel. Second, this study analyses music and dance from a faith perspective because it appears for the majority of Gospel musicians the biblical text plays a critical role in composing their songs. Third, this article examines music and dance in view of the spirituality which derives from various genres by Zimbabwean musicians in general. In its entirety, this article attempts to show that the Zimbabwean society draws some spirituality from music and dance when devastated by political, cultural or socio-economic crises.
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Katuli-Munyoro, Pedzisai, and Stephen M. Mutula. "Redefining Library and Information Science education and training in Zimbabwe to close the workforce skills gaps." Journal of Librarianship and Information Science 51, no. 4 (December 26, 2017): 915–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0961000617748472.
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The purpose of this study is to assess Library and Information Science (LIS) curricula in Zimbabwean universities and polytechnic colleges in the context of perceived skills gaps and from employers’ perspectives on what is required from graduate professionals in entry-level jobs. The study is qualitative in nature and is supported by a post-positivist framework. A case study research design and methods are used. All (three) curricular documents from two universities and polytechnic colleges (use a common curriculum) offering LIS education in Zimbabwe are reviewed using document review methods. Twenty-seven course outlines are analysed. Seventeen LIS employers and five deans/heads of departments have been purposively selected and interviewed using in-depth face-to-face interviews. Data are analysed using NVivo. The study identifies gaps in knowledge as well as in functional and generic employability training in LIS curricula. These are attributed to the transitory environment in which LIS departments operate, dated educational models, shortage of well-developed multi-stakeholder mutual partnerships and alliances, a lack of shared understanding and responsibility, an expanding labour environment and the absence of continuous professional development programmes. The study results suggest that Zimbabwean LIS education programmes are in urgent need of radical transformation and need to adopt innovative education models to meet the dictates of the techno-economic paradigm that serves society today.
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Laakso, Liisa. "Relationship between the state and civil society in the Zimbabwean elections 1995." Journal of Commonwealth & Comparative Politics 34, no. 3 (November 1996): 218–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14662049608447732.
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Chirisa, Innocent, Brilliant Mavhima, Tariro Nyevera, Andrew Chigudu, Albert Makochekanwa, Joefrey Matai, Thebeth Masunda, et al. "The impact and implications of COVID-19: Reflections on the Zimbabwean society." Social Sciences & Humanities Open 4, no. 1 (2021): 100183. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ssaho.2021.100183.
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Musanga, Terrence. "“Ngozi” (Avenging Spirit), Zimbabwean Transnational Migration, and Restorative Justice in Brian Chikwava’s Harare North (2009)." Journal of Black Studies 48, no. 8 (July 18, 2017): 775–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0021934717720563.
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This article explores the nexus between the Zimbabwean Shona concept of “ngozi” (avenging spirit), Zimbabwean transnational migration, and restorative justice in Brian Chikwava’s Harare North. In Shona cosmology, once “ngozi” is committed, it has to be recompensed in order for restorative justice to occur between individuals, families, and the community in general. However, failure to appease “ngozi” results in inexplicable misfortunes such as sicknesses or eventual death or deaths of the person or persons who would have committed the “ngozi.” Thus, engaging in transnational migration as a way of escaping “ngozi” is futile as the only solution to “ngozi” is to recompense the victim and his or her family and ensure that restorative justice takes place between individuals, families, and society in general.
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Barr, Abigail. "Forging Effective New Communities: The Evolution of Civil Society in Zimbabwean Resettlement Villages." World Development 32, no. 10 (October 2004): 1753–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2004.06.007.
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Mawindi Mabweazara, Hayes. "NORMATIVE DILEMMAS AND ISSUES FOR ZIMBABWEAN PRINT JOURNALISM IN THE “INFORMATION SOCIETY” ERA." Digital Journalism 1, no. 1 (February 2013): 135–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/21670811.2012.740272.
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Nyambi, Oliver. "“No more plastic balls”: Symbolic childhoods in Zimbabwean short stories of the crisis." Journal of Commonwealth Literature 53, no. 3 (November 21, 2016): 463–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0021989416677588.
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Post-2000 Zimbabwean literature in English demonstrates an unprecedented fascination with the child narrator. While there is some precedence for the use of child narrators or narratives that focus on child experiences to grapple with sociopolitical issues, the wide extent to which this style has been used post-2000 is unparalleled. The post-2000 socioeconomic crisis in Zimbabwe has clear victims; however, owing to the intensely polarized perspectives on its origins and nature, the identity of the victimizers is not so clear and is in fact hotly contested and politicized. As typical and “known” victims, their victimization can furtively reveal and reflect on their victimizers and in the process subtly expose them for knowing. This form of “knowing” transcends a mere discernment of the victimizers’ physical identities; it goes to the heart of their motives, apparent and subterranean political objectives, and means of attaining them. Victim child characters are often used symbolically to represent the weak and vulnerable members of society who are exploited as political fodder by the powerful. The symbolic children are seen to be caught in between the political goals and strategies of the powerful, and their victimization reveals overt and covert markings of their political abuse. This makes child-narrated or child-centred narratives possible sites to encounter the nexus between children’s victimization and the underhand methods of creating and sustaining political hegemony. This article explores this connection, particularly focusing on the aesthetic subtlety with which child-centred or child-focused narratives proffer a counter-discursive discourse which unsettles the dominant narratives presently given of victims and victimizers in a post-2000 Zimbabwean context.
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Gwenzi, Getrude Dadirai. "Constructing the Meaning of “Family” in the Context of Out-of-Home Care: An Exploratory Study on Residential Care Leavers in Harare, Zimbabwe." Emerging Adulthood 8, no. 1 (September 19, 2018): 54–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2167696818800846.
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Care leavers’ family lives are not well-documented in Global South literature. The West has seen an increase in studies focusing on the family concept. This article focuses on the concept of “family” and family membership from the perspective of care leavers. Data from semistructured interviews and “family lists” with 30 care leavers (aged 18–25) from Zimbabwe are presented. The findings suggest that although there is evidence of heteronormative definitions of “family” and ideas of “family” as biological, new definitions are coming up in the developing world. Some participants acknowledge nonbiological definitions of family based on connectivity, co-residence, affective practices, family contact, and other forms of family display in the context of out-of-home care. The Zimbabwean cultural influence is highlighted as a factor in care leavers’ constructions of “family” especially during the emerging adulthood stage. Practical implications for social policy, those working with care leavers, and wider society are discussed.
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A. Asuelime, Raquel. "Re-calibrating civil society organizations in Zimbabwean developmental state discourse from Mugabe to Mnangagwa." Journal of Gender, Information and Development in Africa 7, no. 3 (December 15, 2018): 7–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.31920/2050-4284/2018/v7n3a1.
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Vikhrieva, I. V. "THE ROLE OF “FEMALE LITERATURE” IN THE WORKS OF ENGLISH-SPEAKING ZIMBABWEAN WRITERS." Bulletin of Udmurt University. Series History and Philology 31, no. 2 (May 11, 2021): 382–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.35634/2412-9534-2021-31-2-382-391.
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The article introduces the study of “female literature” in Zimbabwe’s English language literary creative writing, which has undergone accelerated development. In the material presented, the methods of language selection and plot-compositional organization of literary text, the main categories of textuality are examined. The specialization of literature is shown, as an indicator of its growth. The author compares the traditional attitude towards women in African society, which is characterized by inequality, and the appearance in the XX-XXI centuries women writers, signifying a revolutionary change in their socio-cultural role. A typical problematic of works created in different historical periods is revealed. A comparison on the creativity of women writers of three generations is made, an interpretation of problems related to women's destinies is given, tendencies in the formation, disclosure, and establishment of new roles of women in society are revealed. The typology of plots is shown from the point of view of subject matter and completeness of the text. Particular attention is paid to the complexity of semantic structures of the text of small and large genres; its cognitive potential, adherence to the regional English language standard is revealed.
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Ndlovu, Vezumuzi, Valentine Ndhlovu, and Moreblessing Mpofu. "“Against All Odds”. Female Small Scale Mine Owners in Gwanda, Zimbabwe." Journal of Sustainable Development 12, no. 1 (January 31, 2019): 139. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jsd.v12n1p139.
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Historically, the mining sector has been a preserve of males, making it a highly male dominated environment which had very few women. Even in contemporary periods, the mining sector is still largely viewed as a gender “blind” sector to a larger extent. The study sought to explore the challenges faced by female small scale mine owners and how they have managed to survive in the harsh mining environment in which they operate. Study results indicate female mine owners face daunting challenges such as lack of financial capital and high costs associated with mining activities, lack of equipment, lack of technical knowledge of mining, as well as legal and policy constraints. Regardless of these challenges these mining start-ups by women have managed to survive and even grow in the harsh economic and political environment in Zimbabwe. The study concluded that challenges faced by female mine owners can be traced to gender disparity whose genesis is the patriarchal nature of Zimbabwean society and the untenable economic and political climate that has been in existence in Zimbabwe since the year 2000. Given a conducive socio-political and economic environment as well as a permitting legal and policy framework, women entrepreneurs can play a significant role in the economic transformation of the country.
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Cox, James. "Land Crisis in Zimbabwe." Fieldwork in Religion 1, no. 1 (January 1, 2005): 35–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1558/firn.v1i1.35.
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Earlier this year, I received a small grant from the Edinburgh University Development Trust Fund to determine the feasibility of formulating a major research project exploring the religious dimensions within the recent land resettlement programme in Zimbabwe. Since spirit mediums had played such an important role in the first Shona uprising in 1896–97 against colonial occu¬pation (the so-called First Chimurenga) (Parsons, 1985: 50-51) and again in the war of liberation between 1972 and 1979 (the Second Chimurenga) (Lan, 1985), I suspected that these central points of contact between the spirit world and the living communities would be affecting the sometimes militant invasions of white commercial farms that began sporadically in 1998, but became systematic after the constitutional referendum of February 2000. Under the terms of the grant, I went with my colleague, Tabona Shoko of the University of Zimbabwe, in July and August 2004, to two regions of Zimbabwe: Mount Darwin in the northeast, where recent activities by war veterans and spirit mediums had been reported, and to the Mberengwa District, where land resettlement programmes have been widespread. This article reports on my preliminary findings in Mount Darwin, where I sought to determine if evidence could be found to link the role of Traditional Religion, particularly through spirit mediums, to the current land redistribution programme, and, if so, whether increasing levels of political intolerance within Zimbabwean society could be blamed, in part at least, on these customary beliefs and practices
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Makombe, Rodwell. "Literature as a Medium for Social and Political Activism: The Case of Mashingaidze Gomo’s A Fine Madness." African Studies Review 60, no. 2 (July 3, 2017): 115–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/asr.2017.51.
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Abstract:Over the years, literary scholars have engaged in heated debates on the role literary artists should play in society. In the African context, this debate has been championed by scholars such as Ngũgĩ wa Thiong’o, Chinua Achebe, and Okot p’ Bitek, among others. The central bone of contention has always been the question of self-narration. How should African writers narrate the African story (-ies) against the backdrop of slavery, colonialism, and neoliberal imperialism? In the context of these debates, this article seeks to read A Fine Madness by the Zimbabwean writer Mashingaidze Gomo (2010) as a socially and politically engaged text.
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Mpofu, Elias, and Fons J. R. van de Vijver. "Taxonomic structure in early to middle childhood: A longitudinal study with Zimbabwean schoolchildren." International Journal of Behavioral Development 24, no. 2 (June 2000): 204–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/016502500383331.
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Children’s classification reasoning was examined with longitudinal data for 103 Zimbabwean Black (47) and White (56) children attending a randomly selected sample of public schools. The children varied by gender, social class membership (lower, middle, upper) and race (black, white). The children attempted a set of classification tasks at ages 7, 9, and 11. Responses to the classification tasks were scored in terms of interpretive strategy used to engage the tasks (taxonomic vs. instrumental). Repeated measures MANOVA and post-hoc orthogonal contrasts yielded significant differences in interpretive strategies by age or level of schooling, and social class. Higher social class membership was significantly related to more frequent use of taxonomic rather than functional classification strategies. Results support age/schooling-related effects in the development of taxonomic structure in a non-Western society.
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Mazonde, Nomusa B., and Teresa Carmichael. "The influence of culture on female entrepreneurs in Zimbabwe." Southern African Journal of Entrepreneurship and Small Business Management 8, no. 1 (December 1, 2016): 10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/sajesbm.v8i1.101.
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<strong>Background:</strong> There is an increasing interest in female entrepreneurship, not only to realise the potential for economic growth, but also in light of the opportunities for female expression, emancipation, agency and empowerment. Literature has found that many female entrepreneurs are profoundly affected by the traditional sociocultural context in which they operate, and that they have needed to work around patriarchal barriers in order to succeed. This study explores the ways in which they do this.<p><strong>Aim:</strong> The aim of this paper was to contribute to an understanding of how female entrepreneurs in a patriarchal African society can work within cultural constraints to achieve success within their own terms of reference.</p><p><strong>Setting:</strong> The study took place in Zimbabwe among female entrepreneurs who had recently formalised their businesses</p><p><strong>Methods:</strong> Using a qualitative interpretive research design, in-depth, face-to-face interviews were conducted with 43 African female entrepreneurs running their own businesses in the Zimbabwean cities of Harare and Bulawayo.</p><p><strong>Results:</strong> The complex interplay of macro- (national cultural characteristics), meso- (institutional and social factors), and micro- (individual identity) level factors shaped the ways in which the women dealt with the shackles of patriarchy, inequality and high power distance that had historically impeded their economic participation. Through their own agency, they mobilised their public and private identities separately, balancing the seemingly incompatible roles of home-maker vs entrepreneur.</p><p><strong>Conclusion:</strong> Zimbabwean women successfully managed the interaction between their different social roles and identities to balance domestic obligations with income generation to better the lives of their families.</p>
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Matiza, Vimbai Moreblessing. "A Discursive Analysis of Begging Discourse by the Visually Impaired in Zimbabwe." Journal of Law and Social Sciences 3, no. 1 (September 30, 2020): 40–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.53974/unza.jlss.3.1.449.
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The article seeks to explore the societal perceptions and interpretations of the discourse used by the visually impaired people when begging in Zimbabwe. The paper analyses the expression of words in speech and songs during the begging process. The study emerges out of the realisation that there is a high rate of people with visual impairment begging in streets and buses. These people use spoken discourse through singing and chanting when begging from the society. Despite the economic hardships in Zimbabwe, the visually impaired are always begging and highly active on a daily basis. It is against this realisation that the article focuses on how this discourse is perceived and interpreted by different people in Zimbabwean societies. The paper provides a socio linguistic analysis of the language used during begging by the visually impaired. The main focus is on the societal perceptions and interpretations of the discourse used by the visually impaired people when begging. The article uses a qualitative research methodology with purposive sampling technique employed to gather data from the passengers in buses, the visually impaired and their guides and from bus drivers and conductors. Random selection of some people was also done to get their perceptions and interpretations on the discourse by the visually impaired people in the streets. Guided by the critical discourse analysis theory, the paper argues that the discourse used by the visually impaired is largely ‘politicised’ so as to appeal to people’s minds and get the assistance they need.
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Tsarwe, Stanley, and Admire Mare. "Journalistic Framing of Electoral Conflict in a Politically Fragile Society: A Comparative Study of the Zimbabwean Weekly Press." African Journalism Studies 40, no. 1 (January 2, 2019): 18–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/23743670.2019.1570297.
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Silumba, Cassim, and Show Chibango. "Online Education in Promoting Continued Education during Coronavirus Outbreak in Zimbabwe: ‘Challenges and Solutions’." Asian Journal of Interdisciplinary Research 3, no. 4 (December 2, 2020): 74–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.34256/ajir2047.
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The education system has been affected by 2019–20 coronavirus pandemic. In order to curb the widespread of coronavirus pandemic, people were recommended to exercise social-distancing and self-isolation. The idea of social-distancing and self-isolation has resulted in the closures of schools, universities and colleges as Ministry of Primary and Secondary Education try to control the spread of the contagious disease among learners in Zimbabwe. The effects and perceptions of Zimbabwean parents, teachers, learners and stakeholders on education and Covid19 are a cause for concern. The closure of educational institutions in response to the pandemic has risen to alarming levels. In this article, the issue of online learning has been seen as the impending solution to the challenges posed to the teaching and learning process during the coronavirus pandemic outbreak in Zimbabwe. What is very disturbing is that the mitigating measures proposed by stakeholders and government seem to favour the have and the have-not are severely impacted. At the end of the day, all the strides Zimbabwe has been making in terms of bringing education to the door step and improvement of standards of life is just going down the drain due to lack of ICT equipment and technical expertise. The study was carried out through qualitative method through a phenomenological approach. Snowballing, interviews, observations and document reviews were made use of in gathering the data for this article. Presentation is mainly descriptive since the type of data gathered depended much on the experiences and feelings of the people in the society about the impact of Covid19 on education. A number of recommendations were put forward that include the government putting in place laws that restrict mobile operators to hike their charges and all educational stakeholders should be heard when they air their concern.
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Mamvura, Zvinashe, and Shumirai Nyota. "The Form and Communicative Impact of Shona Postproverbials." Matatu 51, no. 2 (September 21, 2020): 282–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18757421-05102005.
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Abstract This article explores the syntax-semantics nexus of Shona postproverbials in the contemporary Zimbabwean society. In terms of syntax, Shona postproverbials are aligned to the following types of sentences found in the Shona language; substantival, verbal, and a combination of both. Like traditional proverbs, there is no postproverbial that takes the form of the ideophonic sentence. The communicative power of postproverbials is an inherent, inbuilt, and internal property stemming from their syntactic and lexical properties. The postproverbial forms, studied in this article, exhibit innovation and ingenuity of the users. The communicative force of the postproverbials arises from the correspondence and cross-correspondence of the structures and grammatical items that constitute them. Congruence and contrast of the lexical items found in the postproverbials also contribute to meanings. The study established that, just like the traditional proverbs, postproverbials are pithy and terse philosophical statements that resonate with a people’s collective experience. In most cases, the postproverbials provide a conduit for people to comment on issues regarded as politically ‘taboo’ and sensitive in a society where the state does not tolerate open criticism.