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Academic literature on the topic 'Zionism – Congresses'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 26 July 2024

Last updated: 31 July 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Zionism – Congresses"

1

Lokshin, Alexander. "Theodor Herzl’s Political Zionism and Modern Israel. Design and Implementation." Oriental Courier, no. 4 (2023): 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.18254/s268684310029200-8.

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The paper discusses the fundamental ideas of political Zionism. Many of them were presented in the pamphlet “The Jewish State” (1896) and in a fictionalized form in the utopian novel “The Old New Land” (1902). Their author is the Austrian journalist and writer Theodor Herzl (1860–1904). Some facts and events that influenced the formation of Herzl's views are also named; a number of decisions of the first Zionist congresses are analyzed; the role of Russian Zionists in advancing the movement; the attitude of the government and society in Russia and other countries to Zionism; the perception of Zionism in the ruling and intellectual circles of Israel in our time; the correlation of the ideas of political Zionism with modern internal and external foreign policy and realities of the State of Israel. The article attempts to answer the question: to what extent modern Israel meets the ideals of classical Zionism, to what extent its main provisions were implemented in it.

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Cooper, Howard. "A Short Reflection on Martin Buber and Zionism." European Judaism 57, no. 1 (March 1, 2024): 156–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/ej.2024.570112.

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Abstract Martin Buber's perspective on Zionism was rooted in the view that ‘two vital claims’ were ‘opposed to one another’. Stressing the role of justice and imagination during speeches at the Zionist Congresses of 1921 and 1929, his ‘prophetic’ perspective emphasised the indivisibility of politics and morality. Distinguishing between ’Israel’ (nationalism) and ‘Zion’ (a spiritual ideal) led him to advocate for a bi-national state in Palestine. He called the way the State of Israel came into being in 1948 as an entry into history through ‘a false gateway’.

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Russell, John. "Not an Industrial Matter: The British Trade Union Movement and Zionism, 1936–1967." Labour History Review 89, no. 2 (July 2024): 155–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/lhr.2024.7.

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This article examines the British trade union movement’s relationship with Zionism in the period from the Arab Revolt to the Six Day War. It argues that despite an appearance of fraternalism between the British and Zionist labour movements, this relationship was, in fact, governed more by indifference and political expediency on behalf of British trade unions and unionists than by any genuine ideological solidarity or conviction. It shows the Trades Union Congress’s reluctance to give any tangible support to Zionist political aims, most clearly when such aims were in opposition to the Attlee government’s Palestine policy, but even at other points when the Zionist project faced existential threats to its continued existence.

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Gorbacheva, Margarita A. "THE FIFTH CHABAD RABBI AND ZIONISM: THE ARGUMENTS AGAINST." Journal of the Institute of Oriental Studies RAS, no. 4 (18) (2021): 145–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.31696/2618-7302-2021-4-145-150.

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The 1880s marked the beginning of the politicization of East European Jewry. The phenomenon is specified by the common politicization of the society, but also it is a reaction to anti-Semitism. One form of Jewish politicization was the creation of “Hibbat Zion”, in which the religious actors also took part. With the participation of hovevei-Zion, in 1897 was established the World Zionist Organization (WZO). Closer to the Third Zionist Congress in 1899 intensified secular tendencies, and the part of religious leaders (including the 5th Chabad Rebbe) tried to form an independent political camp. In 1899, as a result of traditional establishment’s leaders meeting, convened by Schneerson, it was decided to begin the promotion of tradition. In 1900, the anti-Zionist brochure “Or la-Yesharim” was published in Warsaw, which rhetoric was based on satire. The Orthodox rejection of Zionism was explained by the ideological differences between religion and nationalism. Schneerson’s letter stands out on the general background of the anti-Zionist rhetoric, but also refers to the conflict of interest between the Orthodox and the Zionists. In the first decade of the 20th century Orthodoxy was modernized. The modernization expressed itself in politicization and partisanship. So, in 1907 appeared the Jewish orthodox party, Knesset Israel, and some rabbis, the authors of “Or la-Yesharim”, supported it. Nevertheless, Schneerson, continued to adhere to the principle of complete isolation. Thus, there is a certain duality in the status of Eastern European Jewish orthodoxy in the early 20th century. On the one hand, the Orthodoxy, in particular Hasidism, tries to present itself as an anti-modernization camp, on the other hand, the methods of conducting political activity are not characteristic of the traditional society, but were dictated by modernization.

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Tezcan, Selim. "“Our Good Friend and Illustrious Coreligionist Theodor Herzl”: The Three Interviews of La epoka with the Zionist Leader and Hamidian Censorship." Jewish Social Studies 29, no. 2 (March 2024): 159–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.2979/jss.00012.

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Abstract: La epoka was a Ladino newspaper published in Salonica. Its editor Sam Lévy published three interviews with Theodor Herzl between 1901 and 1904. His announcement and subsequent publication of the third interview drew angry responses from the Sublime Porte, which ordered the governor of Salonica to close it down. The governor resisted the orders and La epoka remained open, even publishing a eulogistic obituary of Herzl. In this article, I examine these interviews and obituary, showing that Lévy combined his sharp criticisms of Zionism with an adulation of the Zionist leader. I also explore Ottoman archival documents about the Ladino press and argue that Hamidian censorship could be flexible according to political circumstances, overlooking Lévy’s first two interviews that were made during the Ottoman government’s negotiations with Herzl, yet reacting sharply to the third interview conducted afterward and containing direct references to the Sixth Zionist Congress.

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Davidson, Lawrence. "The Past as Prelude: Zionism and the Betrayal of American Democratic Principles, 1917-48." Journal of Palestine Studies 31, no. 3 (2002): 21–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/jps.2002.31.3.21.

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Drawing on State Department records and other contemporary sources, this article shows how biblical romanticism took precedence over traditional democratic values in shaping the U.S. Middle East policy as far back as 1917, when it supported Zionism's aims in Palestine against the wishes of 92 percent of the population. The article also makes clear that a dynamic remarkably similar to later patterns was already in place as of the 1920s: a presidency swayed by religious belief and electoral considerations, a Congress powerfully influenced by the Zionist lobby, a State Department attempting to steer a middle course and resist Zionist pressures, and an Arab American community unable to gain an effective hearing. Thus, the anti-Palestinian rhetoric of today, with its "doublespeak" overtones, has deep roots in the past.

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Yasui, Michihiro. "Leon Reich (1879–1929). Sylwetka przywódcy syjonistów w Galicji Wschodniej." Polish Biographical Studies 1, no. 1 (2013): 59–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.15804/pbs.2013.04.

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The article presents a profile of Leon Reich (1979–1929), one of the leaders of Zionists movement in Polish territories. Scientific literature has not taken any deeper interest in him so far. Here he is presented against the nationality background and social and political life in Galicia in his multicultural hometown Drohobych in Eastern Europe, and as a leader of Jewish youth during his studies at the University of Lviv. As a well-educated doctor of laws he conducted his own research and attempted to define a modern nation. He was an active member and participant of world congresses of Zionist Organisation. When Poland gained independence he was in favour of granting autonomy to the Jewish population in eastern Malopolska. He attempted to revive Zionist movement in Poland and was categorically against assimilating Jews. As a member of Polish parliament (1922–1930) he headed a Jewish parliamentary group. He resigned from this function after the Polish-Jewish agreement with Wladysław Grabski’s government had failed. After Reich’s death his family moved to Jerusalem fulfilling his last will.

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Khalidi, Walid. "The Hebrew Reconquista of Palestine: From the 1947 United Nations Partition Resolution to the First Zionist Congress of 1897." Journal of Palestine Studies 39, no. 1 (2009): 24–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/jps.2010.xxxix.1.24.

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Challenging the widely accepted premise that the 1948 war was a war of Jewish self-defense, the author demonstrates that the 1947 United Nations General Assembly (UNGA) partition resolution was fundamentally a green light for the Yishuv's fully mobilized paramilitary organizations (supported by the resources of the World Zionist Organization) to effect the long-planned establishment of a Jewish state by force of arms. He further argues that as a national movement, Zionism was inherently conquest-oriented from the moment of its birth in Basel in 1897 and that it most closely resembles——in the alchemy of its religious and secular motivation and its insatiable land hunger, irredentism, and indifference to the fate of the "natives"——the Iberian Reconquista of the thirteenth to the sixteenth centuries.

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Köse, İsmail. "The Lloyd George Government of the UK: Balfour Declaration the Promise for a National Home to Jews (1916-1920)." Belleten 82, no. 294 (August 1, 2018): 727–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.37879/belleten.2018.727.

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Palestine, throughout modern known history has been geographically called "the least of all lands". Meanwhile because hosted holy shrines of three monotheistic religions, it was/is one of the most praised/precious small piece of land on the globe. Palestine came under Ottoman rule after Sultan Selim's Egyptian Campaign in 1517 and until the year of 1917 was an Ottoman land during 400 years. Before Ottomans, following old Roman experience, small colonies or administrations had been planted in Palestine with the express intention of preventing the political regeneration of the Jews. Under Ottoman rule, Jews and other two religions have been peacefully living in Palestine. In 1897 at Basel Congress, World Zionist Organization decided to establish a Jewish State in Palestine. They asked Ottoman Sultan Abdulhamid II for a national home in Palestine but could not achieve what they desired. Abdulhamid II also restricted Jewish pilgrimage to Palestine to prevent any possible de facto unpermitted foreign settlement of Jews. But, due to corruption and bribery of local rulers that rule could not be implemented properly. Nowadays addressing their future plans Zionists were asking to send high number of Jews to Palestine and the progress taken by bribery was not enough such kind of stream. The opportunity Zionists looking for emerged during WWI while British search of support for unsustainable war economy. In the year of 1916, a Zionist sympathizer Lloyd George became British Prime Minister and Foreign Minister of his Cabinet Arthur Balfour proclaimed his famous publication promising a national home hence Israeli State for Jews. To realize that aim Palestine had to be occupied and become a British colony. This paper will search archive documents and related second hand publications to shed light on Zionist activities and establishment process of Israel, special focus will be put on the role of Lloyd George Government. Arab reactions, especially the attitude of Sheriff Hussein and his son Faisal to the developments also will be discussed.

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Heymann, Michael. "Max Nordau at the early Zionist Congresses, 1897–1905∗." Journal of Israeli History 16, no. 3 (September 1995): 245–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13531049508576065.

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Books on the topic "Zionism – Congresses"

1

S, Almog, Reinharz Jehuda, Shapira Anita, and Merkaz Zalman Shazar le-toldot Yiśraʼel., eds. Zionism and religion. Hanover: University Press of New England, 1998.

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Session, Zionist General Council. Resolutions of the Zionist General Council XXXIII/4. Jerusalem: Zionist General Council, 2000.

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Zionist Congress (35th 2006 Jerusalem). Resolutions of the XXXVth Zionist Congress: Jerusalem 23-26 Sivan, 5766 19-22 June, 2006. Jerusalem]: Jewish Agency, 2006.

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Session, Zionist General Council. Sikum Moshav ha-Ṿaʻad ha-poʻel ha-Tsiyoni, 32/2, 25 be-Tishre 753. [Israel]: ha-Maḥlaḳah le-irgun ṿeli-ḳesharim ḳehilatiyim, ha-Histadrut ha-Tsiyonit ha-ʻolamit, 1993.

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Session, Zionist General Council. Resolutions of the Zionist General Council XXXIII/2. Jerusalem: Zionist General Council, 1998.

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Council, Zionist General. Sikum moshav ha-Ṿaʻad ha-poʻel ha-Tsiyoni, 32/2, 25 be-Tishre 753. [Israel]: ha-Maḥlaḳah le-irgun ṿeli-ḳesharim ḳehilatiyim, ha-Histadrut ha-Tsiyonit ha-ʻolamit, 1993.

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Jerusalem), Zionist Congress (33rd 1997. The 33rd Zionist congress: Report. Jerusalem: World Zionist Organization, Department for Zionist Activities, 1997.

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8

1951-, Gelber Mark H., ed. Kafka, Zionism, and beyond. Tübingen: M. Niemeyer, 2004.

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9

Ziser, Raḥel. ha-Ṿaʻad ha-poʻel ha-Tsiyoni: Moshav 34/2, 15-18 be-Ḥeshṿan 764, 10-13 be-November 2003. Yerushalayim: ha-Histadrut ha-Tsiyonit ha-ʻolamit, ha-Maḥlaḳah li-feʻilut Tsiyonit, 2003.

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10

World Zionist Organization. Department for Zionist Activities. Report on departmental activities: Submitted to the Zionist General Council 35/2. Jerusalem: World Zionist Organization, Department of Zionist Activities, 2007.

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Book chapters on the topic "Zionism – Congresses"

1

Mahler, Gregory S. "The Basle Program, Resolutions of the First Zionist Congress (August 30, 1897)." In The Arab-Israeli Conflict, 82. 3rd ed. London: Routledge, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003348948-5.

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Lipinsky, Jack. "6. In Search of Unity: Anti-Semitism, Zionism, and the Canadian Jewish Congress to 1945." In Canada's Jews, edited by Ira Robinson, 75–92. Boston, USA: Academic Studies Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9781618110275-007.

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Erik, Petry. "Zionist congresses." In Encyclopedia of Romantic Nationalism in Europe. Amsterdam University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.5117/9789462981188/ngov2s86aqvkazbthqhk2vny.

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4

Stanislawski, Michael. "3. Theodor Herzl and the creation of the Zionist movement, 1897–1917." In Zionism: A Very Short Introduction, 22–34. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/actrade/9780199766048.003.0003.

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The man universally credited with founding the Zionist movement was Theodor Herzl (1860–1904). Herzl’s Zionism was purely political in theory and practice: the Jews as a nation did not need a new culture, language, or concept of the messianic era, but only a national polity of their own, whose creation would solve the problem of anti-Semitism both for the Jews themselves and for Europe as a whole. His book Der Judenstaat (The Jewish State) was a key publication, and he set up the First Zionist Congress in Basel in August 1897. This was a great success, but did not resolve the fundamental ideological divides within the Zionist movement.

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Bar Sella, Shraga. "On the Brink of Disaster: Hillel Zeitlin’s Struggle for Jewish Survival in Poland." In Polin: Studies in Polish Jewry Volume 11, 77–93. Liverpool University Press, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/liverpool/9781874774051.003.0007.

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This chapter evaluates how Hillel Zeitlin's views on the Zionist state changed as his ideological and religious views evolved. Despite the changes, his outlook was always dominated by insistence on a territorial solution. Zeitlin was strongly influenced by Spinoza's philosophy and Comte's positivism. With the appearance of political Zionism, he became one of its enthusiastic supporters. His searching and speculation led him to the theories of Schopenhauer, Hartmann, and Nietzsche, which affected his Zionist outlook and fashioned his mode of action. He also participated in the Fifth Zionist Congress as a Zionist representative from the town of Homel. His deep admiration for Herzl led him to unquestioning support for attempts to establish a charter for Jewish settlement in Palestine and for Herzl and Nordau's catastrophic solution to the Jewish problem of survival, which involved any feasible territorial settlement, not necessarily in Palestine.

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Halpern, Ben, and Jehuda Reinharz. "Zionism and the Left." In Zionism and the Creation of a New Society, 120–44. Oxford University PressNew York, NY, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195092097.003.0007.

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Abstract Socialist and labor Zionist groupings appeared in Russia and Austria during the turbulent years that bridged the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. At the Seventh Zionist Congress, in 1905, they were no longer represented merely by individual delegates, but appeared as organized factions in the WZO. Jewish labor parties arose out of the same anomalous situation that produced Zionism itself, as well as all other modern Jewish ideologies. Because Jews were both a dissident religion and a depressed group, the liberal leaders of Western Jewries found they could not rely solely on civic emancipation and religious toleration to solve the Jewish problem. They had to develop programs of cultural, social, and economic amelioration. The late-nineteenth-century leftist ideologues, who were concerned primarily with social and economic issues, similarly found that they could not deal with the problems of Eastern and East-Central European Jewries without confronting the issues of emancipation and antisemitism. Because liberals and leftists focused on different aspects of the same anomalous general-Jewish situation, and they arose in different regions at different periods, they developed their views in response to characteristically different gentile counterparts or adversaries.

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"The First Zionist Congress and Jewish History." In The First Zionist Congress, 1–48. SUNY Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9781438473147-003.

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"Chapter 4 The First Zionist Congress." In Theodor Herzl’s Zionist Journey – Exodus and Return, 105–26. De Gruyter, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9783110729283-007.

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"Munich and the First Zionist Congress." In Social Issues, Geopolitics, and Judaica, edited by Werner J. Cahnman, Judith T. Marcus, and Zoltan Tarr, 281–91. Routledge, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315129570-26.

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Howard, Adam M. "Building a Nation." In Sewing the Fabric of Statehood, 24–49. University of Illinois Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5622/illinois/9780252041464.003.0003.

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During the late 1920s and early 1930s, some Bundists began to identify as non-Zionists. Although they viewed Zionism as a nationalist distraction from their socialist values, they believed assisting a fellow labor movement in Histadrut a worthy cause. Additionally, they saw Palestine as a practical option for persecuted Jews to emigrate. With immigration restriction quotas passed by congress in 1921 and 1924 that several restricted Eastern and Southern Europeans from immigrating to the United States, these non-Zionists in the labor movement viewed Palestine as a reasonable alternative for persecuted Jews to go and begin new lives with a strong labor movement to help absorb them into the growing Jewish society there. To help Histadrut absorb these new immigrants, Jewish trade-union leaders expanded beyond the fundraising of the Gewerkschaften Campaign to specifically raise money for colonization. They raised money for the purchase of land in two places where housing was built for these new settlers, naming one the Leon Blum colony and the other the Louis Brandeis colony. This demonstrated the power of these non-government organizations (NGOs) operating transnationally to develop the infrastructure of burgeoning nation. However, in 1939, the British government’s McDonald White Paper would drastically reduce Jewish immigration to Palestine for the next five years and then eliminate it altogether after 1944.

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Conference papers on the topic "Zionism – Congresses"

1

Abbas ALI, Baydaa. "Jewish self-hatred in the play "A Jewish Soul" by the Israeli writer Yehoshua Sobol." In VI. International Congress of Humanities and Educational Research. Rimar Academy, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.47832/ijhercongress6-9.

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This study deals with the topic of Jewish self-hatred in the play "Jewish Soul: Otto Wenninger's Last Night" by Joshua Sobol. The play belongs to the type of autobiographical plays, by presenting the ideas of the Austrian-Jewish philosopher Otto Wenninger during the last night of his life before his suicide, which are ideas related to the relationship between feminism and Judaism on the one hand and masculinity and the Aryan race on the other hand, as well as his ideas about the negative impact of Judaism on the Zionist movement that He feared that Judaism would eliminate it and drown it like a stone in a quagmire, and he is the one who views it - that is, Zionism - as the last remnants of the nobility in Judaism

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Homem, Luís. "Jurisprudential Ghetto of Zionism." In XXVI World Congress of Philosophy of Law and Social Philosophy. Initia Via, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.17931/ivr2013_wg143_01.

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Aboud Rahima, Majeed. "Hebrew literature and its role in consolidating the Zionist occupation of Palestine An analytical study of selected examples of Hebrew poetry." In VI. International research Scientific Congress of Humanities and Social Sciences. Rimar Academy, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.47832/ist.con6-3.

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