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Journal articles on the topic 'Zircon mines and mining'
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1
Viswanathan, M. N. "Mineral Sand Mining and Its Effect on Groundwater Quality." Water Science and Technology 22, no. 6 (1990): 95–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1990.0056.
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Tomago sandbeds (New South Wales, Australia) is a coastal unconfined aquifer, where mining of mineral sands, like Rutile, Zircon, Ilmenite etc., was in progress since 1972. Groundwater is also extracted from Tomago aquifer for urban water use. Groundwater iron levels vary from 0.1 mg/litre to about 10 mg/litre. Iron in excess of 0.3 mg/litre is removed by chemical treatment. Mining of mineral sands resulted in the substantial increase of iron levels. The level of increase itself being very site specific. Several processes were identified as being responsible for such increases. If water were to be extracted from the mined area, additional treatment would be required to remove excess iron.
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Davis, Richmond P. "SUBMARINE MINES AND MINING." Journal of the American Society for Naval Engineers 20, no. 3 (2009): 674–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1559-3584.1908.tb02136.x.
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Whitson, Joseph. "Monumental Mines." Public Historian 41, no. 3 (2019): 49–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/tph.2019.41.3.49.
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Through an analysis of three interpreted mines in northeastern Minnesota, this article illuminates how the region’s public history is complicit in the ongoing process of settler colonialism. Largely controlled by iron mining interests, the region’s public history and tourism industry is deeply invested in the future of mineral extraction, representing mining and white-ethnic mining culture as natural and indigenous to the landscape. This narrative erases Ojibwe presence in the region, ignoring both the role mining played in past environmental injustices as well as how it continues to threaten Ojibwe political and resource sovereignty.
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Syafrizal, Syafrizal, Andika Satria Pradana, Ichwan Azwardi, Satyogroho Dian Amertho, Mohamad Nur Heriawan, and Arie Naftali Hawu Hede. "STUDI DISTRIBUSI MINERAL IKUTAN TIMAH (MIT) UNTUK MENDUKUNG METODA PENANGANAN SAMPEL PADA KEGIATAN EKSPLORASI." Prosiding Temu Profesi Tahunan PERHAPI 1, no. 1 (2020): 797–806. http://dx.doi.org/10.36986/ptptp.v1i1.121.
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ABSTRAK PT. Timah Tbk merupakan perusahaan yang memiliki Izin Usaha Pertambangan (IUP) logam timah yang berencana menjadikan komoditas logam tanah jarang sebagai by-product dari ekstraksi logam timah sebagai komoditas utama. Telah diteliti bahwa Mineral Ikutan Timah (MIT) pembawa Rare Earth Elements (REEs) yang jumlahnya cukup dominan pada setiap sampel pemboran yang sudah dilakukan PT Timah Tbk diantaranya adalah ilmenite, rutile, zircon, monazite, xenotime, dan anatase. Eksplorasi terhadap logam timah terus dilakukan oleh PT Timah Tbk. Namun, eksplorasi khusus untuk setiap Mineral Ikutan Timah (MIT) pembawa Rare Earth Elements (REEs) hanya sebatas pada dokumentasi kadar mineral-mineral pembawa REEs pada sampel pemboran saja. Oleh karena itu, pada kesempatan ini, peneliti bertujuan untuk melakukan studi dan analisis distribusi mineral pembawa REEs untuk mencari aspek-aspek penting yang harus diperhatikan oleh PT Timah Tbk dalam merancang SOP (Standar Operasi Prosedur) preparasi hasil sampling eksplorasi yang tepat untuk ekstraksi mineral cassiterite tanpa mengabaikan kehadiran mineral pembawa REEs yang prospek untuk ditambang. Data-data yang digunakan peneliti berasal dari sampel-sampel primer, aluvial, konsentrat, dan tailing yang ada pada setiap daerah yang kemudian dilakukan kuantifikasi kadar mineral-mineral pembawa REEs dengan metode grain counting. Tahap selanjutnya adalah rekapitulasi, pengolahan data, dan penyajian data menggunakan metode-metode statistik. Lalu, akan dilakukan pembahasan, analisis, serta penarikan kesimpulan berdasarkan hasil pengolahan data yang menjawab rumusan masalah dan tujuan dari penelitian ini. Kata kunci : Mineral Ikutan Timah (MIT), Rare Earth Elements (REEs), Grain Counting, Standar Operasi Prosedur, Sampling Eksplorasi. ABSTRACT PT Timah Tbk is a state-owned company that has tin metal Mining Business License or well known as Izin Usaha Pertambangan (IUP) which plans to make rare earth metal commodities as a by-product of tin metal extraction as the main commodity. Based on research, REEs (Rare Earth Elements)-bearing minerals quite dominant in each drilling sample by PT Timah Tbk which are ilmenite, rutile, zircon, monazite, xenotime, dan anatase. Exploration of tin metal still continues by PT Timah Tbk. Nevertheless, the exploration of Rare Earth Metal (REM) is limited to the REEs-bearing minerals grade documentation in the drilling sample only. Therefore, on this occasion, writer aims to study and analyze the distribution of REEs-bearing minerals to look for important aspects that must be considered by PT Timah Tbk in designing the right SOP (Standard Operating Procedure) of exploration sample handling result for cassiterite mineral extraction without ignoring the presence of REEs-bearing minerals that are prospects to be mined. The data which used by the writer originated from primary, alluvial, concentrate, and tailing samples that exist in each region which then quantified the grade of REEs-bearing minerals using grain counting method. The next step is recapitulation, processing data, and presenting data using statistical methods. Then, discussion, analysis, and conclusions will be conducted based on results of data processing that answer the problem formulation and the purpose of this study. Keyword : By-product of tin metal extraction, Rare Earth Elements (REEs), Grain Counting, Standard Operating Procedure, exploration sample handling.
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Pretes, Michael. "Touring mines and mining tourists." Annals of Tourism Research 29, no. 2 (2002): 439–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0160-7383(01)00041-x.
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Otto, James. "Mining directory 1996/1997 US mines and mining companies." Resources Policy 23, no. 4 (1997): 202–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0301-4207(97)90038-6.
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Gaule, Sally. "Mining photographs: David Goldblatt’sOn the Mines." Social Dynamics 40, no. 1 (2014): 122–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02533952.2014.884266.
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Edmonds, Clive N. "Chapter 12 Subsidence – chalk mining." Geological Society, London, Engineering Geology Special Publications 29, no. 1 (2020): 311–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1144/egsp29.12.
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AbstractOld chalk and flint mine workings occur widely across southern and eastern England. Over 3500 mines are recorded in the national Stantec Mining Cavities Database and more are being discovered each year. The oldest flint mines date from the Neolithic period and oldest chalk mines from at least medieval times, possibly Roman times. The most intensive period for mining was during the 1800s, although some mining activities continued into the 1900s. The size, shape and extent of the mines vary considerably with some types only being found in particular areas. They range from crudely excavated bellpits to more extensive pillar-and-stall styles of mining. The mines were created for a series of industrial, building and agricultural purposes. Mining locations were not formally recorded so most are discovered following the collapse of the ground over poorly backfilled shafts and adits. The subsidence activity, often triggered by heavy rainfall or leaking water services, poses a hazard to the built environment and people. Purpose-designed ground investigations are needed to map out the mine workings and carry out follow-on ground stabilization after subsidence events. Where mine workings can be safely entered they can sometimes be stabilized by reinforcement rather than infilling.
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Tyuleneva, Tatyana. "Improvement of production control of coal mining enterprises with underground mining method." E3S Web of Conferences 303 (2021): 01017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202130301017.
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Production safety is one of the problems of competitiveness of underground mining enterprises, one manifestation of which is the reduction and minimization of the number of accidents and incidents of personal injury or even death. To solve this problem, it is necessary to improve the system of production control of coal mines in order to eliminate these factors. Relative indicators of accidents and injuries at underground coal mines of Russia in comparison with the average indicators are considered, and also importance of the human factor in the occurrence of dangerous production situations and the evaluation of their causes and effects are revealed. In addition, the article considers the most common violations of safety requirements for underground coal mining, analyzes the experience of foreign countries in improving the production control system, assesses the possibility of its application for improving production control at Russian coal mines, and determines main areas for implementing a risk-based approach at coal mining enterprises.
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Kasztelewicz, Zbigniew. "Approaches to Post-Mining Land Reclamation in Polish Open-Cast Lignite Mining." Civil And Environmental Engineering Reports 12, no. 1 (2014): 55–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ceer-2014-0006.
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Abstract The paper presents the situation regarding the reclamation of post-mining land in the case of particular lignite mines in Poland until 2012 against the background of the whole opencast mining. It discusses the process of land purchase for mining operations and its sales after reclamation. It presents the achievements of mines in the reclamation and regeneration of post-mining land as a result of which-after development processes carried out according to European standards-it now serves the inhabitants as a recreational area that increases the attractiveness of the regions.
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Morony, Michael. "The Early Islamic Mining Boom." Journal of the Economic and Social History of the Orient 62, no. 1 (2019): 166–221. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15685209-12341477.
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AbstractThe present article shows that, according to archaeological and literary evidence, an expansion in mining occurred in the early Islamic world as a result of changes in mining technology at the end of Late Antiquity. The production of gold, silver, copper, iron, and other minerals is shown to have peaked in the eighth and ninth centuries and then to have declined during the tenth and eleventh centuries due to insecurity and/or exhaustion of the mines. Mining development was financed privately, and mines were usually private property.
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Mei, Yong. "Deep Mining Optimization of Rock Burst Mines." Applied Mechanics and Materials 448-453 (October 2013): 3859–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.448-453.3859.
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To prevent threaten of impact disaster, high-pressure water is injected into coal face, which is most widely used in impact-type mine. In such cases, by analyzing the rock burst tendency of a particular type of deep mining pit and occurrence of the mining process, rock samples drilled from the coal mine were taken for the conventional mechanical properties test and rock burst tendency test respectively under dry and wet state. Cuttings volume indicator affected by injection has been optimized to improve the prediction sensitivity. "One shift anti-impact, two-shift production "patterns labor organization model, adjusted development system layout and cut drilling index optimizations, as well as the allocation of high-pressure water injection drilling means, greatly improving the water injection effect, which probably provide a reference for similar mines to safe and efficiently mining.
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Papastefanaki, Leda. "Family, Gender, and Labour in the Greek Mines, 1860–1940." International Review of Social History 65, no. 2 (2019): 267–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020859019000580.
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AbstractTo date, research on work in the mines in Greece has ignored the significance of gender in the workplace, since mining is associated exclusively with male labour. As such, it is considered, indirectly, not subject to gender relations. The article examines the influence of family and gender relations on labour in the Greek mines in the period 1860–1940 by highlighting migration trajectories, paternalistic practices, and the division of labour in mining communities.Sources include: official publications of the Mines Inspectorate and the Mines and Industrial Censuses, the Greek Miners’ Fund Archive, British and French consular reports, various economic and technical reports by experts, literature and narratives, the local press from mining regions, and the Archive of the Seriphos Mines.
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Le, Thao Qui, Nam Xuan Bui, Hieu Dinh Vu, and Hoa Thu Thi Le. "Research on selective sequence of appropriate mining technology for placer titanium mines in Binh Thuan province." Journal of Mining and Earth Sciences 61, no. 5 (2020): 33–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.46326/jmes.ktlt2020.03.
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Binh Thuan province has significant reserves of placer titanium, occupies approximately 92% total reserves of Vietnam. Geological condition of the deposit is quite uncomfortable for mining activities. At present, selection of appropriate mining technology for placer titanium mines in Binh Thuan province is a scientific and practical problem. In this paper, authors researched and developed a selective sequence of appropriate mining technology for placer titanium mines in Binh Thuan province, consists of (1) feasible mining technological schemes, (2) appropriate mining order, (3) possibility of providing water for mine, (4) ensuring slope stability, (5) comfortable alternatives for land rehabilitation and restoration, and (6) high economic effect. With this selective sequence, the appropriate mining technology for placer titanium mines in Binh Thuan province can be selected, and contributes to enhance mining effect, ensures safety and protect environment.
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Xu, Shi Da, Yuan Hui Li, and Jian Po Liu. "Application of Wasteless Mining in Hongtoushan Copper Mine." Advanced Materials Research 734-737 (August 2013): 722–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.734-737.722.
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As we all know, a large number of waste rock which caused many serious problem produced in mining. The pollution caused by waste rock in mining is threating the human society seriously in some aspects. Wasteless mining is more and more popular to relieve the burden of mines. As one of the deepest mines in China, Hongtoushan Copper Mine began to establish waste rock filling system in 1995. After three phases of the waste rock filling system, all the waste rock was used to fill the goaf in underground mining in 2012. The wasteless rock mining had brought RMB 8 million and good social benefits. It offered a good suggestion for similar mines in China.
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Ren, Gao Feng, Zhao Ming Qian, and Zhong Chun Hu. "Research on Secondary Resource Utilization and Mining Damage Control in Gob-Effect Gypsum Mines." Applied Mechanics and Materials 253-255 (December 2012): 1093–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.253-255.1093.
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Room-and-pillar mining method plays a dominant role in gypsum mines, which owns a low resource recovery ratio and has left many gobs leading a series of safety production problems to mining enterprises. To get an utmost resource recovery and avoid gob collapse, a secondary utilization scheme has been made by feasibility analysis and theoretical calculation. In this scheme, theoretical calculation about the occurrence conditions of mining damage has been done, and the deep research direction of the mining damage mechanism in gob-effect gypsum mines has been pointed out. This research and its train of thought could provide the gob-effect gypsum mines with reference that would increase ore recovery ratio and prevent mining damage.
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Kim, Yangkyun, and Sean S. Lee. "Application of Artificial Neural Networks in Assessing Mining Subsidence Risk." Applied Sciences 10, no. 4 (2020): 1302. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10041302.
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Subsidence at abandoned mines sometimes causes destruction of local areas and casualties. This paper proposes a mine subsidence risk index and establishes a subsidence risk grade based on two separate analyses of A and B to predict the occurrence of subsidence at an abandoned mine. For the analyses, 227 locations were ultimately selected at 15 abandoned coal mines and 22 abandoned mines of other types (i.e., gold, silver, and metal mines). Analysis A predicts whether subsidence is likely using an artificial neural network. Analysis B assesses a mine subsidence risk index that indicates the extent of risk of subsidence. Results of both analyses are utilized to assign a subsidence risk grade to each ground location investigated. To check the model’s reliability, a new dataset of 22 locations was selected from five other abandoned mines; the subsidence risk grade results were compared with those of the actual ground conditions. The resulting correct prediction percentage for 13 subsidence locations of the abandoned mines was 83–86%. To improve reliability of the subsidence risk, much more subsidence data with greater variations in ground conditions is required, and various types of analyses by numerical and empirical approaches, etc. need to be combined.
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Deng, Bao Ping, Shuai Liu, Chen Wang, Yao Dong Jiang, and Hong Wei Wang. "Numerical Investigation on Passing through Goaf in Coal Mine Failurezone." Applied Mechanics and Materials 275-277 (January 2013): 1518–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.275-277.1518.
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Random mining by small coal mines left many destruction districts with a large range in Fenxi mining district. According to incomplete statistics, the destroyed areas by small coal mines amount to nearly one hundred square kilometers and have over three hundred million tons of resource reserves in Xinliu, Xinyu and Xinyang these three fields. Small coal mines tend to use outdated techniques such as replacing mining with advancement, small excavation with large stoping and room pillar mining technique, which have a stoping rate of only 10% to 25%. Some of the wellheads were not closed seamlessly, which resulted in self-combustion; some were damaged due to the mining of the lower coal seam. A serious security risk existed during the mining of the lower coal seam due to the uncertainty of gas, water and roof pressure. In addition, the destructed area by small coal mines is badly large in Shanxi Province and even the whole country which remains a huge amount of resources. The implementation of this subject is significant.
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CLARY, RENEE M. "THE ROYAL SCHOOL OF MINES: HENRY DE LA BECHE’S CONVERGENCE OF PROFESSIONALIZATION AND PUBLIC ADVOCACY." Earth Sciences History 39, no. 2 (2020): 291–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.17704/1944-6187-39.2.291.
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ABSTRACT Several European countries instituted mining schools in the late 1700s, including France, Germany, Hungary, and Russia. However, since England’s mining industry was privatized with little government involvement, Great Britain was decades behind with the creation of a school of mines. In 1835, Henry De la Beche (1796–1855) became the first director of the Ordnance Geological Survey, precursor to the British Geological Survey. De la Beche used this position to advance geology’s professionalization, which would include the establishment of an applied geology museum, mining records storehouse, and a school of mines. The Museum of Economic Geology, displaying the country’s mineral resources and geology, was De la Beche’s first success. Founded in 1835, it opened to the public in 1841. The Mining Records Office opened in 1840 as a repository for plans of working and abandoned mines. An early public advocate for workers’ safety, De la Beche lobbied for government inspections of collieries, immediate reporting of mining accidents, and proper plans of mines. The School of Mines was De la Beche’s third accomplishment in geology’s professionalization. As an outgrowth of the museum, it was formally opened in 1851 along with the larger Museum of Practical Geology, the Museum of Economic Geology’s successor. De la Beche’s intent for the School of Mines—instruction as a combination of science and practice—seems modern in its approach. In 1843, funding was allocated for lectures on the practical applications of geology, but these were not implemented until the School of Mines opened in 1851. In his effort to educate everyone—from miner to mine owner—De la Beche transcended social boundaries and supported open, public lectures. As a result, some considered him a class traitor. De la Beche used his position to advocate for advancement of the mining industry to include miner safety and public education. Therefore, while the Royal School of Mines emerged later than many of its European counterparts, it was part of a systematic professionalization of geology, coupled with education and a public advocacy for mining participants.
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Hamm, E. "Knowledge From Underground: Leibniz Mines the Enlightenment." Earth Sciences History 16, no. 2 (1997): 77–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.17704/eshi.16.2.5204u8j628w3027l.
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The history of geology has focused largely on the foundations of geology in the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries. Considerable attention has also been given to grand theories of the earth, or cosmogonies, of the seventeenth century. This approach has left out most of eighteenth-century mineralogy; it has also left out mining. The argument here is that Leibniz's Protogaea is best understood in the context of the Harz mines, where Leibniz spent considerable energy doing administrative work and inventing new mining machinery. By looking to the mines we not only make sense of Protogaea, but of most of German mineralogy in the eighteenth century. J. G. Lehmann, J. F. W. Charpentier, C. G. Delius and many other practitioners working in and around mines were deeply concerned with mapping the subterranean structure of the earth's crust and they contrasted their work with the "fantastic" world of theorists. The Freiberg Mining Academy, other institutions, and the way vocabularies of mining changed will also be considered. Finally there are some concluding thoughts on why mining has almost disappeared from the history of geology.
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Gontaszewska-Piekarz, Agnieszka. "HISTORICAL LIGNITE MINING NEAR GÓRZYCA, WESTERN POLAND." Zeszyty Naukowe Uniwersytetu Zielonogórskiego / Inżynieria Środowiska 167, no. 47 (2017): 101–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0010.8691.
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The paper presents available information about history of lignite mining in region of Górzyca (north-west part of Ziemia Lubuska - Western Poland). Lignite mines operated here in years 1850-1938. The paper describes briefly the history of particular mines:„Lord”, „Karl Ferdinand”, „Humboldt” and „Finke”. Also underground mining in complicated geological condition (glaciotectonic deformations) was presented. The paper is based on remained German archival materials and also historical map: geological and topographic.
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Li, Hanting, Miaomiao Xie, Huihui Wang, Shaoling Li, and Meng Xu. "Spatial Heterogeneity of Vegetation Response to Mining Activities in Resource Regions of Northwestern China." Remote Sensing 12, no. 19 (2020): 3247. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs12193247.
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Aggregated mining development has direct and indirect impacts on vegetation changes. This impact shows spatial differences due to the complex influence of multiple mines, which is a common issue in resource regions. To estimate the spatial heterogeneity of vegetation response to mining activities, we coupled vegetation changes and mining development through a geographically weighted regression (GWR) model for three cumulative periods between 1999 and 2018 in integrated resource regions of northwestern China. Vegetation changes were monitored by Sen’s slope and the Mann–Kendall test according to a total of 72 Landsat images. Spatial distribution of mining development was quantified, due to four land-use maps in 2000, 2005, 2010, and 2017. The results showed that 80% of vegetation in the study area experienced different degrees of degradation, more serious in the overlapping areas of multiple mines and mining areas. The scope of influence for single mines on vegetation shrunk by about 48%, and the mean coefficients increased by 20%, closer to mining areas. The scope of influence for multiple mines on vegetation gradually expanded to 86% from the outer edge to the inner overlapping areas of mining areas, where the mean coefficients increased by 92%. The correlation between elevation and vegetation changes varied according to the average elevation of the total mining areas. Ultimately, the available ecological remediation should be systematically considered for local conditions and mining consequences.
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Lynas, D., and R. Burgess-Limerick. "Whole-Body Vibration Exposures in Undeground Coal Mining Operations." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 60, no. 1 (2016): 914–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1541931213601210.
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Studies conducted on surface coal mining equipment have identified whole-body vibration as a significant hazard. Operators of underground mobile equipment, particularly shuttle cars and transport vehicles, are likely to be exposed to significant levels of whole-body vibration. To date, measuring whole-body vibration from underground mining mobile equipment has been difficult due to the strict guidelines governing the use of electrical equipment in underground mines. This paper presents data obtained from two low-methane coal mines using an iOS application installed on iPod Touch devices. The majority of measurements taken from a range of mobile plant and equipment in use at the underground coal mines exceeded the ISO2631.1 Health Guidance Caution Zone. Further investigations are being undertaken to develop a thorough understanding of whole-body vibration exposures to which operators of mobile equipment used in underground coal mines are exposed and the opportunities for application of this information to assist mine site safety, health and risk management processes.
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Rahimdel, Mohammad Javad. "INJURY ANALYSIS OF IRAN’S MINING WORKPLACES." Rudarsko-geološko-naftni zbornik 36, no. 1 (2021): 15–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.17794/rgn.2021.1.2.
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Mining is a high-risk industry that exposes operators and workers to a high level of occupational health and safety hazards caused by vehicle accidents, blasting, or collapse. This paper aims to analyse the serious and fatal accidents in Iran’s mines over a six-year period, from 2012 to 2017. The data sources were the statistical results of the occupational accidents reported by the National Statistical Centre of Iran and the importance measure of incidents defined by the questionnaires received from the mine safety and health experts. This research presents a model for the prioritization of the mining workplace based on the weighted injury risk of the occupational incidents in the mining industry. The results of this work show that the coal mines of Iran have the highest work-related incidence rate which requires special safety attention. Moreover, the total temporary disability risk is currently at the lowest level in all mining activities, while the fatality risk has significantly increased in the coal mines in recent years. The results obtained from this study are helpful to detect the dangerous mining workplaces and to protect workers from workplace hazards by considering the safety guidelines.
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Краденых, Ирина, Irina Kradenykh, Алексей Барчуков, and Alyeksyey Barchukov. "Organization and management of gold mines activity under exploration of placer mines." Russian Journal of Management 4, no. 2 (2016): 108–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/19751.
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For the purpose to achieve the growth of efficiency of gold mines it is necessary to wipe out the lag in technological expansion and development, provide high quality of mining and recycling of gold-blearily rock as well as realize organization adjustment, suggest reconstruction of business activity and change of existing system of management.
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Wang, Wei Zhi, and Chun Guang Yang. "Comprehensive Utilization and Resources of Gold Mining Tailings." Key Engineering Materials 480-481 (June 2011): 1438–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.480-481.1438.
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The gold mine discharges tailings massively every day,which results in gold and useful metal draining,simultaneously brings the enormous harm to the environment The approach to comprehensive utilization of tailings of gold mines, including recycle of usable mineral and direct use of ore tailings,is analyzed in the paper, laying a foundation for continuous development of gold mines，comprehensive utilization of resource，and protection of environment.
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Grujić, Miloš, and Dragana Erdeljan. "Advantages of High Angle Belt Conveyors (Hac) in Mining." Applied Mechanics and Materials 683 (October 2014): 73–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.683.73.
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Increased depth in the mines looking for steep conveyor path. The classic means of transportation are not able to cope with high gradients. This paper discusses the advantages of belt conveyors with a high angle of inclination in the application of the mines. On that occasion, and give some lessons learned.
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Wilson, A. J. "The Cadia Valley Mines: A Mining Success Story." Economic Geology 107, no. 3 (2012): 553–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.2113/econgeo.107.3.553-a.
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Frisbee, N. M. "SURFACE MINING AND RECLAMATION OF ABANDONED UNDERGROUND MINES." Journal American Society of Mining and Reclamation 2003, no. 1 (2003): 269–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.21000/jasmr03010269.
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Langer, Piotr. "The importance of salt mines for mining towns." Geology, Geophysics & Environment 39, no. 3 (2013): 189. http://dx.doi.org/10.7494/geol.2013.39.3.189.
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Molina, Snider, Ismael Soto, Lily Sun, and Ke Cheng Liu. "Pervasive Environment for Gases Detection and Collapses in Underground Mines." Advanced Materials Research 875-877 (February 2014): 2056–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.875-877.2056.
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Safety is an element of extreme priority in mining operations; currently many traditional mining countries are investing in the implementation of wireless sensors capable of detecting risk factors. The objective of this research is to contribute to the implementation of sensors for continuous monitoring inside underground mines providing technical parameters for the design of sensor networks applied in underground coal mines. The analyzed of applying these systems in terms of Benefit, Opportunity, Cost and Risk are discussed. Finally, a dynamic assessment of safety at underground mines it is proposed, this approach offers a contribution to design personalized monitoring networks, the experience developed in coal mines provides a tool that facilitates the application development of technology within underground coal mines.
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ZEMSKOV, A. N., and M. Y. LISKOVA. "ANALYZING CASES AND CIRCUMSTANCES OF EMERGENCE OF ACCIDENTS IN THE MINES AND MINES DEVELOPING GAS-BEARING FIELDS." News of the Tula state university. Sciences of Earth 2, no. 1 (2020): 67–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.46689/2218-5194-2020-2-1-67-77.
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Mining is followed by big loss of human life and high traumatism. And among the main reasons - explosions of coal dust and hydrocarbon gases on coal mines, the gasdynamic phenomena and explosions of gases on potash mines. Gas was and remains the most terrible source of natural dangers in mines and mines, the object demanding continuous and careful studying. The analysis of the breeds given on natural gas content, studying of the nature usual and the souffle of gas-allocations, emergence and courses of the gas-dynamical phenomena allow to optimize technologies of mining and to ensure safety of work.
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Nguyen, Ngoc Minh, and Duc Thang Pham. "Tendencies of Mining Technology Development in Relation to Deep Mines." Mining science and technology 4, no. 1 (2019): 16–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.17073/2500-0632-2019-1-16-22.
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Mineral demand rapidly increases; as a result, underground mining activities gradually dig into the earth’s crust to deeper levels. For instance, the depth of coal mines has reached 1500 m, whereas the depth of mines for nonferrous metals has already achieved around 4500 m. Deep mining faces a number of technical and environmental challenges, first of all, great rock mass stresses, high temperature and long winding distance. The traditional technologies are hardly capable to provide the development and extraction efficiency and safety. That is why the need in developing and implementation of new modern mining technologies arose. In roadheading, TBM (tunnelboring machine) method is gradually introduced. A TBM combines the functions of rock breaking, support installation, mucking and conveying rock. In mining industry, smart mining based on mechanized and automated mining methods is successfully implemented at coal mines. Besides, a technical concept of fluidized mining for deepseated mineral resources (6000 m and more) was proposed. This paper presents the review of the current global status of deep mining and highlights some of the newest technological achievements in roadheading and the mineral extraction processes.
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Mlynarek, Julia J., Jin-Hong Kim, and Stephen B. Heard. "Identification of leaf-mining insects via DNA recovered from empty mines." FACETS 1, no. 1 (2017): 217–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/facets-2016-0026.
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We report the development of an improved method for the extraction and amplification of leaf miner DNA recovered from empty mines. Our method is simple, easy to use, and foregoes the time-consuming task of scraping out mines required by previous methods. We collected leaves with 1- and 2-day-old vacated mines, cut out and then ground the mined portions, and amplified the mtDNA COI barcode sequence using universal insect primers. We obtained high-quality sequences for 31% of our empty mines: 20% yielded sequences associated with a leaf miner species; and an additional 11% yielded sequences associated with whiteflies, mites, or fungi. Our improved method will facilitate ecological studies determining herbivore community dynamics and agricultural studies for pest monitoring and identification.
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Chang, Qingliang, Jianhang Chen, Huaqiang Zhou, and Jianbiao Bai. "Implementation of Paste Backfill Mining Technology in Chinese Coal Mines." Scientific World Journal 2014 (2014): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/821025.
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Implementation of clean mining technology at coal mines is crucial to protect the environment and maintain balance among energy resources, consumption, and ecology. After reviewing present coal clean mining technology, we introduce the technology principles and technological process of paste backfill mining in coal mines and discuss the components and features of backfill materials, the constitution of the backfill system, and the backfill process. Specific implementation of this technology and its application are analyzed for paste backfill mining in Daizhuang Coal Mine; a practical implementation shows that paste backfill mining can improve the safety and excavation rate of coal mining, which can effectively resolve surface subsidence problems caused by underground mining activities, by utilizing solid waste such as coal gangues as a resource. Therefore, paste backfill mining is an effective clean coal mining technology, which has widespread application.
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You, An Bi, and Bin Yu. "Trial Development of a Virtual Mine." Advanced Materials Research 268-270 (July 2011): 2087–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.268-270.2087.
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To deepen the student’s comprehension and visual impression of mining knowledge while avoiding the risk and cost of visiting real mines, a virtual mine teaching platform was developed with 3DS as modelling tool and virtools as programming tool. Having this teaching platform, students can visually obverse the 3D layout of mines and mining procedures, roam about the mine, and even manipulate the mining device interactively, get judgment of his actions. This teaching platform greatly enhance the efficiency, safety and quality of mining speciality education, it also has good prospect to mine staff training and mining experiment.
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Radchenko, Dmitriy, and Alina Bondarenko. "Mining engineering system as an energy asset in industry 4.0." E3S Web of Conferences 58 (2018): 01009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20185801009.
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Mines now absorbing Industry 4.0 technologies face the challenges of production energy efficiency enhancement and energy safety improvement. Following the environmental standards involves the requirement of turning from diesel to electric drive of mining machinery and equipment. This significantly improves miners’ working environment in ore mines. At the same time, the share of energy consumption increases in the situation of low energy security of mines, particularly at peak loads. The article discusses the conditions, and proposes a scenario of mine energy supply system reliability enhancement. For this purpose, a mining engineering system is viewed as an energy asset, with identification of its expanding capabilities.
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Gosar, Mateja, Robert Šajn, Miloš Miler, Ana Burger, and Špela Bavec. "Overview of existing information on important closed (or in closing phase) and abandoned mining waste sites and related mines in Slovenia." Geologija 63, no. 2 (2020): 221–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.5474/geologija.2020.018.
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The presented work provides a comprehensive inventory of data on closed (or in closing phase) and abandoned underground and surface mines and mining waste sites in Slovenia, collected within the framework of the Geological Survey of Slovenia (GeoZS) over the last two decades. Furthermore, a detailed overview of information on closed and abandoned mining waste sites in Slovenia is given. In order to establish the inventory, a definition of the work methodology, a comprehensive research of the archived and published literature, and the harmonisation and management of the collected data was carried out. Based on a selected methodology, the inventory contains information on 33 metal mines, 43 coal mines, 51 non-metallic mineral resource mines, 156 waste sites from metal mines and 18 waste sites from coal mines. The inventory is in the open access Google Earth file. It provides a basis for further research into the environmental impact of mining waste, which has been carried out since the EU Directive on the management of waste from extractive industries (Directive 2006/21/EC hereafter) was adopted into national law. In general, about 11,621,333 m3 of waste sites from metal mines and 76,188,000 m3 of waste sites from coal mines are covering about 678 hectares of Slovenian territory. More than half (64 %) of the waste from metal mines was produced in the Mežica lead and zinc mine, while the other two mines with a still significant share of produced waste were the Idrija mercury mine (18 %) and the Žirovski vrh uranium mine (15 %). Among the closed coal mines, the largest amount (46 %) of waste was generated by the coal mine Trbovlje-Hrastnik, while the other two coal mines with still significant share of waste produced were Kočevje (28 %) and Kanižarica (17 %).
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Pastarus, Jyri-Rivaldo. "IMPROVED UNDERGROUND MINING DESIGN METHOD FOR ESTONIAN OIL SHALE DEPOSIT." Environment. Technology. Resources. Proceedings of the International Scientific and Practical Conference 1 (June 18, 2005): 270. http://dx.doi.org/10.17770/etr2005vol1.2140.
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The paper deals with the improved mining design method for Estonian oil shale mines, where the room-and-pillar mining system is used. Design of mining block parameters is based on the instruction used in Estonian oil shale mines. The factor of safety is very large. Consequently, the design method does not take into consideration all the influence factors. It is determined the supplementary influence factors and given the mathematical formulas. In this case the factor of safety is reduced up to 1.2. The improved mining design method is of particular interest for practical purposes.
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Brocchini, Debora, Luca Deravignone, and Gianni Dellavalle. "Unveil the traces of ancient mining." Acta Geoturistica 8, no. 1 (2017): 11–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/agta-2017-0002.
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Abstract The Archaeological Mines Park of San Silvestro is part of the Campiglia mining area. It represents its most important historical core. The Park covers a surface of around 450 hectares on the mountains Calvi, Rombolo, Poggio all’Aione and along the valleys Temperino, Lanzi and Manienti. The main characteristic of the Park is the richness of mining activity traces towards copper, lead and silver. The mining activity started during the 7th century BC with the Etruscan civilization and continued until 1979, when the last mine was closed. Many karst cavities of the Campiglia are “cave-mines’: they are the result of a natural event and the action of ancient miners, who searched metalliferous minerals. In Campiglia there are traces of hundreds of Etruscan, medieval and modern mining operations, tunnels from the 19th and 20th centuries. The aim of the Archaeological and Mining park of San Silvestro is to highlight historical landscape, the result of centuries of mining activities. Some of the buildings, originally used for productive and administrative purposes, have been restored to house exhibitions and services for visitors. The impressive ruins of the medieval village of San Silvestro and two of the modern mining tunnels, have been equipped for guided tours. The accessibility of ancient mining works is however still difficult and this represents a limit in the enhancement and protection of these sites. Speleologists, archaeologists and geologists will be involved in making a project to let everyone discover the most ancient underground mines. We have three main targets: (1) produce high quality pictures of the most interesting and impressive mining traces; (2) create 3D models useful for scientific and cultural purposes; (3) equip some of the ancient shafts with light structures to allow small groups to visit them. We will describe the morphological characteristics of one of these ancient mines, giving some advice for the production of high quality picture in this contest. We will also describe the technique used for the production of a 3D model and how to equip the mine for the visit of small groups of people.
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Andrade, M. B., D. Atencio, A. I. C. Persiano, and J. Ellena. "Fluorcalciomicrolite, (Ca,Na,☐)2Ta2O6F, a new microlite-group mineral from Volta Grande pegmatite, Nazareno, Minas Gerais, Brazil." Mineralogical Magazine 77, no. 7 (2013): 2989–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/minmag.2013.077.7.08.
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AbstractFluorcalciomicrolite, (Ca, Na, ☐)2Ta2O6F, is a new microlite-group, pyrochlore supergroup mineral approved by the CNMNC (IMA 2012-036). It occurs as an accessory mineral in the Volta Grande pegmatite, Nazareno, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Associated minerals include: microcline, albite, quartz, muscovite, spodumene, “lepidolite”, cassiterite, tantalite-(Mn), monazite-(Ce), fluorite, “apatite”, beryl, “garnet” , epidote, magnetite, gahnite, zircon, “tourmaline” , bityite, hydrokenomicrolite, and other microlite-group minerals under study. Fluorcalciomicrolite occurs as euhedral, untwinned, octahedral crystals 0.1–1.5 mm in size, occasionally modified by rhombododecahedral faces. The crystals are colourless and translucent; the streak is white, and the lustre is adamantine to resinous. It does not fluoresce under ultraviolet light. Mohs' hardness is 4½–5, tenacity is brittle. Cleavage is not observed; fracture is conchoidal. The calculated density is 6.160 g/cm3. The mineral is isotropic, ncalc. = 1.992. The Raman spectrum is dominated by bands of B–X octahedral bond stretching and X–B–X bending modes. The chemical composition (n = 6) is (by wavelength dispersive spectroscopy, H2O calculated to obtain charge balance, wt.%): Na2O 4.68, CaO 11.24, MnO 0.01, SrO 0.04, BaO 0.02, SnO20.63, UO20.02, Nb2O53.47, Ta2O576.02, F 2.80, H2O 0.48, O=F–1.18, total 98.23. The empirical formula, based on 2 cations at the B site, is (Ca1.07Na0.81☐0.12)Σ2.00(Ta1.84Nb0.14Sn0.02)Σ2.00[O5.93(OH)0.07]6.00[F0.79(OH)0.21]. The strongest eight X-ray powder-diffraction lines [d in Å (I)(hkl)] are: 5.997(59)(111), 3.138(83)(311), 3.005(100)(222), 2.602(29)(400), 2.004(23)(511), 1.841(23)(440), 1.589(25)(533), and 1.504(24)(444). The crystal structure refinement (R1 = 0.0132) gave the following data: cubic, Fdm, a = 10.4191(6) Å, V = 1131.07(11) Å3, Z = 8.
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Lei, Xiang Xin, Shun Liang Cao, Shao Yin Huang, and Jian Guo Yang. "PTList: Mining XML Data Stream Using Paging Schema." Advanced Materials Research 403-408 (November 2011): 1888–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.403-408.1888.
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Aiming at unlimited growing XML data stream and large XML document, we present PTList, mining frequent subtrees in XML using paging schema. PTList pages XML data stream, manages cross-page nodes and frequent candidate subtrees growing across page, mines frequent subtrees page-by-page, selects frequent subtree according to the page minimum support, and prunes branches based on the decaying factor. PTList mines XML data stream in the limit of the error of support, improves the memory utilization, and speeds up the mining process.
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Kumar, M. "Socio-cultural impediments to automation in Indian mines." E3S Web of Conferences 266 (2021): 05009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202126605009.
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Mining is an age-old industry that has propelled human progress and development. Despite India‟s economic prowess and richness in minerals, its mines are plagued with inefficiency and lack modern technology. In countries with well-developed mining industries, automation has proven to be a beneficial technology. Incorporating modern technologies into Indian mines is a challenging task due to many factors unique to the country. This study establishes the benefits of automation by discussing the Australian mining industry. A clear insight into the socio-cultural challenges to be faced while modernizing the Indian mining industry, focusing on automation, is presented using an interpretive approach, relying mainly on qualitative data in existing texts. The study conveys the significance of these obstacles and proposes new government bodies and schemes to overcome them. Finally, further work on this less discussed topic is motivated by mentioning areas for future consideration.
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Zhironkin, Vitaly, and Juraj Janocko. "Revitalization of Coal Brownfields in Solving Environmental Problems and Structural Development of Kuzbass Economy." E3S Web of Conferences 134 (2019): 02002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201913402002.
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The life cycle of mines lasts from several years to several decades. The closure of the mine occurs when its recourses are completely extracted, or mining is no longer profitable within its leasehold. Most regulatory authorities all around the world require the plan of mines and open-pits closure even before the mining begins, as it must be determined that the site would not pose a threat to the environment or society in future. Depending on the location, the site of mine or open-pit may be used in alternative way after closure or restored to the pre-operational condition. Local authorities increasingly require financial assurance that the funds needed to close mining enterprises will also be available in emergency situations. Special attention is paid to the environmental insurance intended to limit liability related to pollution elimination after mining activities at abandoned fields are over. In close connection with environmental insurance is post-mining – the development of alternative use of mining sites after the closure of mines and open-pits.
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Meng, Xian Fu. "Discussion on Geological and Geochemical Methods for Prospecting at Surrounding of Crisis Mines." Advanced Materials Research 616-618 (December 2012): 246–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.616-618.246.
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As the supply situation of the mineral resources is gradually worse, the subject of resources crisis mines is becoming a hot topic at domestic related research fields. Prospecting potentiality of crisis mines is an enormous. But how to find new deposits in deep and surrounding of crisis mines by using the data of geology, deposits exploration and adopting resonable prediction manner is a very urgent problem which confronts with mining industry. Author analyze the regional metallogenic geological setting, predicate and evaluate surrounding favorable region by similarity analogy principle and research data of geochemistry which obtain from mining. This may provide theoretical guidance and scientific basis to other crises mines deep and surrounding resources exploration.
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Xiao, Jin. "A Region of Coal Mine Geological Environmental Survey Assessment and Prevention Countermeasures." Advanced Materials Research 726-731 (August 2013): 1078–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.726-731.1078.
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Exploitation and utilization of coal resources will cause disturbances to the geologic environment and damages to the geologic environment conditions of the mining area, and lead to damages to ecological environment, formation of geologic hazards of mines and environmental pollution in the mining area. In this paper, current geologic environment of mines is investigated, and geologic environment problems of mines are assessed and prevention and control measures are researched on a basis of classified areas, with Dazhou, which is an important city in East Sichuan and where coal resources are rich and exploited frequently, as an example, to provide reference for protection, treatment and recovery of geologic environment of coal mines in East Sichuan.
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Biały, Witold. "Equipment/machinery failure rate in hard coal mines." New Trends in Production Engineering 2, no. 1 (2019): 353–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ntpe-2019-0038.
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Abstract The main task of the maintenance services in hard coal mines is to ensure continuous operation of the equipment (machines). The measurable effect of these actions should be the reduction of maintenance costs of equipment (machinery) and thus the reduction of production costs – coal mining. The paper presents an issue of failure rate of technical measures applied in the mining process. In order to ensure greater efficiency and productivity, it is necessary to find the causes of the most frequent failures in this process and effectively counteract them. As a result of these activities, the production availability of machines/equipment involved in the mining process will increase. This will to a large extent ensure failure-free and uninterrupted progress, increase productivity and improve the quality of manufactured products, as well as reduce the operating costs of equipment (machines), and thus reduce production and product costs. This effect should consist mainly in the control of rational, safe and effective use and operation of equipment (machines) in the exploitation process. An algorithm implemented in one of the hard coal mines was presented. The technical condition of underground mining equipment was observed by periodical measurements of vibration parameters at selected points on the machine – measurements were conducted with a vibration pen. The aim of this research is to improve the reliability of technological process of a mining plant through its failure-free operation. In order to achieve this objective, i.e. the efficiency of a mining company, it is necessary to reduce its costs. The action that leads to this aim is a proper assessment of the technical condition with regard to the equipment used in technological process.
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Czaplicka-Kolarz, Krystyna, Dorota Burchart-Korol, Marian Turek, and Wojciech Borkowski. "Model Of Eco-Efficiency Assessment Of Mining Production Processes." Archives of Mining Sciences 60, no. 2 (2015): 477–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/amsc-2015-0031.
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Abstract The paper presents an author’s method of eco-efficiency assessment of mining production processes in hard coal mines, which enables integrating results of evaluating both environmental and economic aspects. The proposed method uses life cycle approach to assess environmental efficiency and the result of operating activities to assess economic efficiency. The comprehensive method of assessing mining production processes was proposed as the Key Performance Indicator (KPI) in hard coal mines in Poland to be used to support decision making in mining companies.
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Pirieva, Natalya, and Inna Ermakova. "Coal Pillars Safe Mining." E3S Web of Conferences 41 (2018): 01026. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20184101026.
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Safety pillars are the necessary objects for underground mining of coal seams. The having been mines; safety pillars, which include the development workings, lose their purpose. The coal reserves in these pillars are significant and can be mined. However, the pillars have fracture zones in the edges. The size of the fracture zones in the marginal parts of the pillars should be taken into account when choosing a mining system and its parameters. Coal pillar stress-strain analysis was carried out by the finite element method. The developed technique for coal pillar stress-strain analysis takes into account the post-critical strain of the coal seam edge. The reliability of the technique was verified by the experimental method. The calculated and experimental values differ insignificantly. The geomechanical condition of the nine safety pillars in A.D. Ruban mine of OJSC “SUEK-Kuzbass” was studied. The enterprise mines three low dip seams at a depth of up to 290 m. The amount of losses in fracture zones is defined for the pillars, which include slopes and entries. Fracture zones in the pillars were sized taking into account the actual structure of the seam roofs: the depth of bedding, their thickness and strength characteristics. The economic effect of mining of the safety pillars is pre-computed.
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Yu, Haoxuan, and Shuai Li. "The Function Design for the Communication-Based Train Control (CBTC) System: How to Solve the Problems in the Underground Mine Rail Transportation?" Applied System Innovation 4, no. 2 (2021): 31. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/asi4020031.
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With the continuous development of the mining industry, the world’s major mines have gradually entered the intelligent stage. In intelligent underground mines, the operation roads of the underground transportation equipment are very complicated, and the monitoring and control of the underground traffic have become the problems to be solved in the intelligent underground mines. Therefore, on the basis of solving the practical problems of underground mines, the concept paper discusses the possibility of the communication-based train control (CBTC) system being applied to underground mines through the summary and induction of the related literature. As mining engineers, we have proposed the function design for the CBTC system to solve the problems in underground mine rail transportation, but we still need to continue to work hard for the future development of the underground mines. The concept paper serves as a guide to the Tossing out a brick to get a jade gem, and it has implications for the development and the future of underground mine transportation.