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Oliveira, Nara Lúcia de. "Síntese e caracterização de SrSnO3 e ZnSnO3 obtidos pelo método de coprecipitação sem e com tratamento hidrotérmico assistido por micro-ondas." Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2018. http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/8283.
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The development of ceramic materials is important for the advancement of new technologies and the emergence of new economically viable materials. Modifying the synthesis method and relating its physical and chemical characteristics to possible industrial applications is part of the improvement process and offers alternatives to current production in improving the final product. In the present work, the synthesis and structural characterization of strontium and zinc stannates by the co-precipitation method, with and without microwave-assisted hydrothermal treatment, was carried out. The interest in the study with the application of the microwaves is in the sense of reducing the time and temperature of obtaining the main phase, perovskite. From the results of X-ray diffraction (XRD) it was possible to identify the formation of strontium and zinc stannates, monophasic after the addition of polyethylene glycol. The strontium stannate perovskite phase was obtained from the methodology with and without hydrothermal treatment assisted by microwave after calcination at 600 ºC for 2 hours. The zinc stannate with perovskite structure was obtained by the methodology with and without hydrothermal treatment assisted by microwaves without calcination. From the UV-VIS results optical values were obtained using Wood and Tauc theory. These values were all compatible with semiconductor materials, values between 2 and 4 eV. The images of the Electronic Transmission Electron Microscopy (ETM) characterization show the formation of nanotubes for the SrSnO3 samples and the cube morphology for the ZnSnO3 sample. The best performance was presented by the sample of ZnSnO3 calcined at 600 ºC, after hydrothermal treatment, presenting by XRD the formation of secondary phases, such as the spinel and rutile structure.
O desenvolvimento de materiais cerâmicos é importante para o avanço de novas tecnologias e o surgimento de novos materiais economicamente viáveis. Modificar o método de síntese e relacionar as suas características físicas e químicas com possíveis aplicações industriais, faz parte do processo de melhoramento e oferece alternativas à produção atual em melhorar o produto final. No presente trabalho realizou-se o estudo da síntese e a caracterização estrutural de estanatos de estrôncio e de zinco pelo método de coprecipitação, sem e com tratamento hidrotérmico assistido por micro-ondas. O interesse no estudo com a aplicação das micro-ondas é no sentido de reduzir o tempo e a temperatura de obtenção da fase principal, perovskita. Dos resultados de Difração de Raios X (DRX) foi possível identificar a formação de estanato de estrôncio e de zinco, monofásico após a adição de polietilenoglicol. O estanato de estrôncio a fase perovskita foi obtida da metodologia com e sem tratamento hidrotérmico assistido por micro-ondas após calcinação a 600 ºC por 2 horas. O estanato de zinco com estrutura perovskita foi obtido pela metodologia com e sem tratamento hidrotérmico assistido por micro-ondas sem calcinação. Dos resultados de UV-VIS foram obtidos valores de “gap” óptico utilizando teoria de Wood e Tauc. Estes valores foram todos compatíveis com materiais semicondutores, valores entre 2 e 4 eV. As imagens da caracterização por Microscopia Eletrônica de Transmissão (MET), mostram a formação de nano-tubos para as amostras de SrSnO3 e a morfologia de cubos para a amostra de ZnSnO3. O melhor desempenho foi apresentado pela amostra de ZnSnO3 calcinada a 600 ºC, após tratamento hidrotérmico, apresentando por DRX a formação fases secundárias, tais como a estrutura espinélio e rutilo.
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Alnjiman, Fahad. "ZnSnN2 thin films for photovoltaic applications." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LORR0296/document.
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Des films de nitrure de zinc et d’étain (ZnSnN2) ont été élaborés par co-pulvérisation magnétron réactive à des températures proches de l’ambiante. La composition chimique des revêtements a été optimisée en ajustant les paramètres de dépôt comme la tension appliquée aux cibles métalliques, la pression de travail et la composition du gaz plasmagène. Dans les conditions optimisées, les films sont fortement cristallisés sur les différents types de substrats testés. Une étude approfondie sur la structure des films a été entreprise par microscopie électronique en transmission. Nous avons ainsi pu montrer que nos films de ZnSnN2 cristallisent dans le système hexagonal. Toutefois, cette structure diffère de celles présentées dans la littérature pour le nitrure de zinc et d’étain. Des études sur l’environnement chimique des éléments constitutifs des revêtements ont également été menées par spectrométrie Mössbauer et par photoémission X. Elles montrent que l’étain est présent dans nos films sous forme de Sn4+ en configuration tétraédrique. Nous avons également pu montrer que l’oxygène présent dans nos films est principalement localisé dans les zones inter-colonnaires. Enfin, les propriétés optiques et électriques de nos films ont été estimées en fonction de leur composition chimique. L’ensemble des résultats obtenus durant ce travail démontre la pertinence de ZnSnN2 pour des applications futures en tant que couche absorbante dans les cellules photovoltaïquesZinc tin nitride (ZnSnN2) thin films have been deposited by reactive magnetron co-sputtering at room temperature. The stoichiometry of the films has been controlled by optimizing the deposition conditions such as the voltage applied to the metallic targets, the deposition pressure and the composition of the gas mixture. By using the optimized parameters, the deposited films are highly crystallized on the different used substrates. A special attention has been devoted to the determination of the film structure. Among the various structures reported in the literature, we have shown by transmission electron microscopy that the films crystallised in a hexagonal structure. Nevertheless, the structure of our films does not fit with that reported in the literature for the hexagonal ZnSnN2 material. In addition to this structural study, we have performed fine characterization using conversion electron Mossbauer spectrometry and X-ray photoemission spectroscopy. Both methods show that the optimized films contain Sn4+ ions in tetrahedral configuration. Nevertheless, oxygen contamination at the column boundaries has been evidenced. The electrical and optical properties of the films have been determined has a function of the film composition. The results obtained in this PhD work clearly evidence that ZnSnN2 is a suitable material for photovoltaic applications
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Kons, Corisa. "Synthesis, Characterization and Ferroelectric Properties of LN-Type ZnSnO3 Nanostructures." Scholar Commons, 2015. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/5976.
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With increasing focus on the ill health and environmental effects of lead there is a greater push to develop Pb-free devices and materials. To this extent, ecofriendly and earth abundant LiNbO3-type ZnSnO3, a derivative of the ABO3 perovskite structure, has a high theoretically predicted polarization making it an excellent choice as a suitable alternative to lead based material such as PZT. In this work we present a novel synthesis procedure for the growth of various ZnSnO3 nanostructures by combined physical/chemical processes. Various ZnSnO3 nanostructures of different dimensions were grown from a ZnO:Al template layer on a Si (100) substrate deposited by pulsed laser deposition followed by a strategic solvothermal process. The ferroelectric properties of each sample were explored and a remanent polarization as high as nearly 30 μC/cm2 was found in aligned nanowire arrayed films. An in-depth understanding of the structure-property relationship is key to the future development of this material and is the subject of future investigations.
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Bosson, Christopher John. "Understanding Cu₂ZnSnS₄ as a photovoltaic absorber for the future of solar electricity." Thesis, Durham University, 2018. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/12586/.
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The world needs solar electricity to replace a large fraction of traditional, fossil-fuel-generated electricity over the coming decades if it is to avoid the worst effects of climate change and continue to meet the needs of an increasingly energy-dependent society. This transition is currently well underway. The installed generating capacity of solar electricity continues to grow exponentially, having reached 307 GW in 2016 (2 % of average global electricity demand), which means that replacing a large majority of fossil fuel use, requiring several terawatts of capacity, in the coming decades is entirely realistic. Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) is a potential material for the absorber layer in photovoltaic solar cells. It has the advantages over silicon, which currently provides 95 % of the solar electricity market, of lower processing costs and a direct band gap, which means much less material is required. Most other alternative absorber materials will ultimately be limited by high material costs, low elemental abundances, or toxicity, but CZTS has none of these problems, making it a very promising material indeed. However, its record photovoltaic efficiency (11.0 %) is well below those of some other materials (>20 %) because of low open-circuit voltage. The outstanding areas of current CZTS research are the absorber-buffer interface, band gap fluctuations caused by point defects, and secondary phases. This thesis presents work investigating the latter two, primarily using bulk samples fabricated by solid-state reaction. Firstly, compositional, structural, and optoelectronic analysis techniques were used to study the effect of composition on material properties. It was found that the quasi-ternary phase diagram commonly used for CZTS is incorrect; and that no common analysis technique can quantify cation disorder in CZTS, despite Raman spectroscopy commonly being used to do so. Secondly, neutron diffraction was used to study the order-disorder phase transition at around 550 K. It was found that the transition temperature is dependent on elemental composition; and that Cu-Zn disorder is present on all cation lattice sites, not merely the 2c and 2d sites of the kesterite crystal structure as has previously been assumed. Thirdly, anomalous X-ray diffraction was used to study cation disorder further. It was found that two distinct phases of CZTS can be present in the same sample, with different elemental compositions resulting from the prevalence of different point defect complexes; two new such types of CZTS were identified; and a mechanism of phase formation was proposed. Finally, a fabrication route for thin-film CZTS by sputtering and sulphurisation annealing was established.
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Blanton, Eric Williams. "Characterization and Control of ZnGeN2 Cation Lattice Ordering and a Thermodynamic Model for ZnGeN2-ZnSnN2 Alloy Growth." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1448295996.
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Nakatsuka, Shigeru. "Fabrication of bulk crystal and thin film of Ⅱ-Ⅳ-Ⅴ2 type compound semiconductor ZnSnP2 for photovoltaic application." 京都大学 (Kyoto University), 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/225559.
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Gangam, Srikanth. "Optical Investigations of Cd Free Cu2ZnSnS4 Solar Cells." University of Toledo / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo1345088305.
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Levalois, Marc. "Etude par diffraction de rayons X de la densité électronique dans les semi-conducteurs GaAs, ZnSiAs, ZnGeAs et ZnSnAs." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1987. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37607338k.
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Wang, Yejiao. "Fabrication of Cu2ZnSnSe4 Thin-film Solar Cells by a Two-stage Process." Scholar Commons, 2016. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/6154.
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Copper zinc tin selenide (Cu2ZnSnSe4 or CZTSe) is a quaternary compound semiconductor material that has attained more and more attention for thin film photovoltaic applications. CZTSe is only comprised of abundant and non-toxic elements. People have concerns about availability and cost of indium from CIGS and tellurium from CdTe, also about cadmium’s toxicity. These concerns have promoted CZTSe as an alternative thin film solar cell material. The major issues about CZTSe absorber fabrication are: tin loss during selenization process and existence of secondary phases. Recent improvements of CZTSe absorber have increased the efficiency of CZTSe thin film solar cell to 9.7% in laboratory, and this was accomplished by using H2Se as selenium source in a “two-stage” process. [1] However “one-stage” vacuum co-evaporation technique is still the most popular technique for CZTSe thin-film solar cells fabrication.
In this research, Cu2ZnSnSe4 thin-film solar cells have been fabricated by using a two-step rapid thermal selenization process. The first step selenization is operated at 375℃, a relatively low annealing temperature, which helps avoiding the most common issue of tin loss. The second step selenization is carried out at a higher annealing temperature, 400℃ to 500℃, at where the formation of CZTSe quaternary compound can be completed, and fewer secondary phases remain in the CZTSe absorber bulk. A specially designed metallic precursor stacks deposition order has been developed to inhibit tin loss and zinc loss during selenization. Vacuum co-evaporation technique is not feasible to mass production, due to facility difficulty and bad uniformity. And H2Se is toxic and dangerous. We have developed these metallic precursor stacks vacuum deposition process and two-step selenium vapor selenization process. We believe this technique is more suitable for potential mass production in future.
The properties of CZTSe thin-films and the performance of CZTSe thin-film solar cells have been characterized using techniques, including J-V, Raman spectroscopy, spectral response, and SEM/EDS. The best performance CZTSe thin-film solar cell that have been accomplished, has an open circuit voltage of 0.42 volt, shirt circuit current densities of 14.5 mA/cm2, fill factor of 47%, and efficiency of 2.86%.
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Fairbrother, Andrew. "Development of Cu(2)ZnSn(S,Se)(4) based solar cells." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/145615.
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Thin film solar cell technologies are rapidly developing, and chalcopyrite (Cu(In,Ga)Se2) based devices have demonstrated the highest power conversion efficiencies on the laboratory scale. However, in spite of this promise, there are concerns about the mid- to long-term viability of the material because it contains the relatively scarce elements of indium and gallium. This has led to the development of kesterite (Cu2ZnSn(S,Se)4) based photovoltaic technologies, which is particularly promising because of its similarities with the chalcopyrite material. In this material system indium and gallium are replaced by the more earth abundant elements of zinc and tin. Device efficiencies are still lower than Cu(In,Ga)Se2, but further research and development has led to significant increases in performance in the past few years. To date the device structure and processing parameters for kesterite based devices has been mostly copied from chalcopyrite based technologies.
The objective of this thesis is to further develop these kesterite based technologies, and it covers some of the basic challenges related to it, including secondary phase formation and identification, and optimization of the front and back contact areas. Particular emphasis is placed on the deposition and thermal processing of this compound, and how these affect secondary phase formation and device properties. It is based on several articles which explore these in depth. This includes detailed characterization by Raman scattering spectroscopy, x-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and other techniques. Highlights of the thesis work include: development of a selective chemical etch to remove ZnS, a common secondary phase in this system, which leads to significant improvements in device performance; elaboration of a sulfo-selenization method to form Cu2ZnSn(S,Se)4 from metallic precursors; and understanding the influence of thermal processing parameters on phase formation and distributionEn los últimos años ha habido un rápido desarrollo en las tecnologías de celdas solares basadas en capa delgada, siendo hasta el momento los dispositivos basados en calcopiritas (Cu(In,Ga)Se2) los que han mostrado una mayor eficiencia de conversión fotovoltaica a escala de laboratorio. Sin embargo, y a pesar de tan prometedores resultados, existe una preocupación sobre la viabilidad a medio y largo término de estos materiales debido a la presencia en su composición de elementos relativamente escasos en la corteza terrestre, como son el In y el Ga. Esto ha llevado al desarrollo de tecnologías fotovoltaicas basadas en kesterita (Cu2ZnSn(S,Se)4), que es especialmente prometedora dada su gran similitud con la calcopirita. En este compuesto, el indio y el galio son reemplazados por elementos más abundantes como son el cinc y el estaño. Los valores de eficiencia de los dispositivos aún están por debajo de los del Cu(In,Ga)Se2, pero nuevas investigaciones y técnicas de desarrollo han llevado a importantes avances en los últimos años. A día de hoy, tanto los parámetros de fabricación como la estructura de los dispositivos basados en kesterita han seguido un camino prácticamente idéntico al de las tecnologías basadas en calcopiritas. El objetivo de esta tesis es el de profundizar en el desarrollo de las tecnologías basadas en kesterita, lo que cubre algunos de los retos básicos relacionados con ellas, como son la formación e identificación de fases secundarias o la optimización de las áreas de contacto frontal y posterior. Se ha puesto especial énfasis en la deposición y los procesos térmicos implicados en el crecimiento de este compuesto, y en ver cómo afectan a la posible formación de las fases secundarias y las propiedades del dispositivo. La tesis en sí está estructurada a partir de los diversos estudios publicados en revistas científicas. Dichos estudios incluyen una caracterización detallada por espectroscopia de dispersión Raman, difracción de rayos X, microscopia electrónica de barrido, y otras técnicas. Los puntos principales de este trabajo son: el desarrollo de un ataque químico selectivo para la eliminación del ZnS (una fase secundaria comúnmente presente en este sistema), con la consecuente mejora de las características del dispositivo; la elaboración de un método de sulfo-selenización para la formación de Cu2ZnSn(S,Se)4 a partir de precursores metálicos; y la resolución de cómo influyen los parámetros de los diferentes procesos térmicos en la formación y distribución de las fases.
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Winarko, Clementinus. "Response of corn to high levels of CuSO₄ and ZnSO₄ applications." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/45656.
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Copper and Zn deficiencies of crop plants occur in various areas throughout the world. The sulfate forms of Cu and Zn are generally used to correct these micronutrient deficiencies. In agricultural practices, Cu and Zn are applied to soils not only as a fertilizer but also as manures, pesticides and waste materials such as sewage sludge. High levels of Cu and Zn application to agricultural soils are considered to pose a potential hazard to plants and animals. Research findings have not established Cu and Zn levels that either injure plants or increase Cu and Zn concentrations in edible plant portions to undesirably high levels. Published data on the fate of applied Cu and Zn indicate that there is little, if any, downward movement of these micronutrients in soils and that, with time, applied Cu and Zn revert to plant unavailable forms in soils.
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Wijesundara, Chandra. "Response of corn to high levels of CuSO₄ and ZnSO₄ applications." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/45959.
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High levels of Cu and Zn application to agricultural soils are considered to pose a potential hazard to plants and animals. The levels of Cu and Zn which can be safely added to cropland have yet to be established. This study was conducted on a Davidson silty clay (Rhodic Paleudult) to determine the response of corn (Zea mays L.) to cumulative application of up to 469 kg Cu and 1032 kg Zn ha⁻¹ as sulfates over the 22-year period from 1967 through 1988. Neither corn grain nor silage yield was affected by the metal additions even though the cumulative amount of Cu and Zn added exceeded the maximum allowable Cu and Zn loading rates based on the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency guidelines (i.e., 250 kg Cu and 560 kg Zn ha⁻¹) for this soil. The twenty-first annual application of Cu as CuSO₄, increased Cu concentrations in ear leaves. However, Cu concentrations in ear leaves were unaffected by the twenty-second year of Cu application. Concentrations of Zn in ear leaves were increased by the high level of Zn application during the two years of the study. Twenty-first year Cu and Zn concentrations in com grain were not increased by the high levels of Cu and Zn sulfates. All grain and ear leaf Cu and Zn concentrations were within the normal ranges from the high amount of metal application. The DTPA extractable Cu and Zn in the soil increased with an increase in level of applied Cu and Zn. More Cu and Zn were extracted from the soil by the Mehlich-3 method than by the DTPA method. This higher rate of extraction was attributed to the ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) in the Mehlich-3 solution.Master of Science
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Levalois, Marc. "Etude par diffraction de rayons x de la densite electronique dans les semi-conducteurs gaas, znsias : :(2), zngeas::(2) et znsnas::(2)." Caen, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987CAEN2006.
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Mesure des facteurs de structure. Determination des parametres d'agitation thermique dont les valeurs presentent une bonne coherence d'un compose a l'autre. Description de la densite de valence a l'aide d'un modele de charges de liaison gaussiennes. Les calculs theoriques de structure de bandes conduisent a une densite de valence theorique assez voisine de la densite experimentale
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Kayihan, Ceyhun. "Effect Of Cold Stress On Barley (hordeum Vulgare L.) Superoxide Dismutase Isozyme Activities And Expression Levels Of Cu/znsod Gene." Master's thesis, METU, 2007. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/3/12608513/index.pdf.
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In this study, effect of cold stress and recovery on the superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities and the expression levels of Cu/ZnSOD gene were investigated in two barley cultivars (Tarm-92-winter type, Zafer-160-spring type). Eight days old barley seedlings were subjected to two different cold stresseschilling stress at 4°
C for 1, 3, 7 days and freezing stress at -3°
C and -7°
C. Analyses were performed both on leaf and root tissues. The SOD activities and isozyme patterns were determined by Native PAGE activity staining technique. Relative RT-PCR was used for the transcript levels of Cu/ZnSOD gene. The SOD activities and expression levels of control and cold stressed plants were compared by densitometric analysis. Under chilling stress, the activities of Cu/ZnSODx and Cu/ZnSOD2 did not have any significant change in leaf and root tissues of both cultivars. However, the expression levels of Cu/ZnSOD gene were more variable than activity results. After -3°
C freezing stress, the activities of SOD enzyme in leaf tissues of Tarm-92 increased significantly, however, these activities significantly decreased in leaves of Zafer-160. These results suggested that both cultivars were not affected by chilling stress in terms of SOD enzyme activities and expression levels. Furthermore, under freezing stress conditions, the increment of SOD activities and expression levels in Zafer-160 was higher than Tarm-92. In conclusion, the changes in SOD isozyme activities and expression levels may not be enough for understanding of the cold stress mechanism. Therefore, further studies have to be carried on other antioxidant enzyme systems.
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Gettier, Stacy W. "Corn response to long-term application of CuSO₄, ZnSO₄ and Cu-enriched pig manure." Diss., Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/49779.
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Paudel, Tula R. "Structure, Phonons and Realated Properties in Zn-IV-N2 (IV=Si,Ge,Sn), ScN and Rare-Earth Nitrides." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1226530202.
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RAOUL, HERVE. "Consequences de l'infection in vitro des macrophages humains par le virus de l'immunodeficience humaine de type 1 (vih-1) sur la regulation des genes codant pour la mnsod, la cu/znsod et la inos." Paris 7, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA077250.
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Nous avons etudie: 1) les effets de l'infection de cultures de macrophages par le vih-1 sur le niveau d'expression des genes codant pour la mnsod, la cu/znsod et la inos ; 2) l'existence d'une eventuelle interaction entre la production des cytokines de l'inflammation et la regulation de ces genes ; et 3) l'influence d'une surproduction de monoxyde d'azote sur le niveau de replication du vih-1 dans des cultures de macrophage. Aux temps precoces de l'infection des macrophages, une augmentation du niveau de l'expression des genes codant pour la mnsod et la inos a ete observee. La surexpression du gene codant pour la mnsod est la consequence de processus menbranaires declenches au cours de l'endocytose du virus. L'induction du gene codant pour la inos au cours de ces phases precoces de l'infection du macrophage, est concomitante de celle des genes de l'il-1beta, l'il-6 et le tnfalpha. Aux temps tardifs de l'infection par des souches a tropisme macrophagique, une surexpression des genes codant pour la mnsod et la inos est detectable au moment ou une production virale est decelable dans les surnageants de cultures. L'effet inverse a ete obtenu en utilisant une souche a tropisme lymphocytaire. L'induction du gene codant pour la mnsod est contemporaine d'une surproduction de tnfalpha et peut etre annulee par l'utilisation d'un inhibiteur de la synthese du tnfalpha. La transcription viro-induite du gene de la inos est elle, concomitante de l'induction des genes de l'il-6 et du tnfalpha. Aucune variation de la regulation du gene de la cu/znsod n'a ete observee. La surproduction de monoxyde d'azote s'est averee capable d'augmenter le niveau de replication du virus dans les macrophages. Il semble donc, que l'infection des macrophages humains par le vih-1 entraine une modification de la production des especes radicalaires et que cette deregulation puisse en retour agir sur le niveau de replication du virus
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Jayatunga, Benthara Hewage Dinushi. "Heterovalent Semiconductors: First-Principles Calculations of the Band Structure of ZnGeGa2N4, and Metalorganic Chemical Vapor Deposition of ZnGeN2 - GaN Alloys and ZnSnN2." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1619087038602758.
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Harzali, Hassen. "Cristallisation de ZnSO4,7H2O sous ultrasons : Étude expérimentale et étude microscopique." Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011INPT0038/document.
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La cristallisation assistée par ultrasons permet de diminuer le temps d'induction et la largeur de la zone métastable, de modifier la distribution de tailles, de modifier le faciès des cristaux et d'augmenter le nombre des cristaux formés. L'origine microscopique de cet effet reste à ce jour non élucidée. Les ultrasons de puissance engendrent dans un liquide la naissance et l'oscillation très violente de milliards de petites bulles de gaz, phénomène appelé cavitation. Le cycle d'une de ces bulles sur une période acoustique consiste en une phase explosive suivie d'une implosion violente. A la fin de l'implosion, la pression peut atteindre 1 GPa. Plusieurs hypothèses sur les mécanismes mis en jeu sont proposées dans la littérature : refroidissement de la solution et augmentation de la pression au voisinage de l'interface, évaporation du solvant dans la bulle, et ségrégation des molécules ou des ions du soluté au voisinage de la bulle lors de la phase implosive. Afin d'examiner l'influence de la pression, des expériences de cristallisation du sulfate de zinc heptahydraté ont été menées (mesure de temps d'induction). Ce sel présente une solubilité indépendante de la pression entre 0 et 10 000 bars. Nos expériences ont montré que le temps d'induction est fortement diminué en présence d'ultrasons. Ce résultat nous permet d'affirmer que la pression au voisinage de la bulle n'entre pas en jeu dans le mécanisme de la nucléation primaire du ZnSO4,7H2O en présence d'ultrasons. Après l'étude de l'effet de la sursaturation, nous avons essayé d'exploré l'effet de la puissance ultrasonore, du gaz dissous et de la hauteur du liquide dans la cuve sur le temps d'induction. Il a été constaté que les ultrasons permettent de diminuer le temps d'induction. Il a été observé que la courbe du temps d'induction en fonction de la hauteur de la solution présente un minimum. Un autre volet de cette thèse réservé à la modélisation et la simulation. Dans un premier temps, la concentration en clusters ou agrégats moléculaires au voisinage de la bulle été calculée dans le cas du ZnSO4,7H2O grâce à la théorie de la ségrégation en fonction de la pression acoustique. La simulation montre qu'il y a une sur-concentration des clusters (jusqu'à 25 fois supérieure à la concentration stationnaire) augmentant ainsi la probabilité de contact des clusters, durant un temps très court, pouvant ainsi modifier le processus global de nucléation. Dans un deuxième temps, la modélisation/simulation de l'acoustique par COMSOL est réalisée en vue de déterminer les résonances de notre système (liquide + parois de la cuve). Les résonances observées sont cohérentes avec les mesures de temps d'inductionPower ultrasound is known to enhance crystals nucleation, and nucleation times can be reduced by oneup to three orders of magnitude for several organic or inorganic crystals. The precise physics involved in this phenomenon still remains unclear, and various mechanisms involving the action of inertial cavitation bubbles have been proposed. In this paper, two of these mechanisms, pressure and ségrégation effects, are examined. The first one concerns the variations of supersaturation induced by the high pressures appearing in the neighbourhood of a collapsing bubble, and the second one results from the modification of clusters distribution in the vicinity of bubble. Crystallisation experiments were performed on zinc sulphate heptahydrate ZnSO4. 7H2O, which has been chosen for its pressure-independent solubility, so that pressure variations have no effect on supersaturation. As observed in past studies on other species, induction times were found lower under insonification than under silent conditions at low supersaturations, which casts some doubts on a pure pressure effect. The interfacial energy between the solid and the solution was estimated from induction times obtained in silent conditions, and, using classical nucléation theory, the steady-state distribution of the clusters was calculated. Segregation theory was then applied to calculate the over-concentrations of n-sized clusters at the end of the collapse of a 4 lmbubble driven at 20 kHz by different acoustic pressures. The over-concentration of clusters close to the critical size near a collapsing bubble was found to reach more than one order of magnitude, which may favour the direct attachment process between such clusters, and enhance the global nucleation kinetics. The effects of acoustic cavitation on crystallization of ZnSO4. 7H2O was observed in a sono-reactor build-up from a large emitting area transducer located at the bottom of the vessel. The experimental results have shown that the dissipated acoustic power passes through a maximum at about 15±1 cm, and that the induction-time passes through a minimum for the same liquid-level. The dissipated-power and the induction-time are found to be well correlated as the liquid height was varied. The acoustics of the sono-reactor was studied with linear acoustics, accounting for the wall vibrations by using the COMSOL software. Theoretical dissipated acoustic powers were compared to the experimental ones
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Ya-TingWang and 王雅廷. "Exploration of synergistic piezophotocatalytic properties of ZnSnO3 nanowires." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/46627742836195390752.
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Tzu-TingLiao and 廖紫廷. "Study of Piezo-related Properties of Heterostructured C3N4/ZnSnO3 Nanocomposites." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/t85xy3.
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碩士國立成功大學
材料科學及工程學系
107
Zinc tin oxide (ZnSnO3, ZTO) nanowire arrays were prepared through hydrothermal synthesis. It was coupled with C3N4 (melon) to form a heterogeneous nanocomposite as a catalyst material. In this study, two types of ZTO-C3N4 nanowire composite arrays were fabricated. One was fabricated by spin coating thermally condensed C3N4 on ZTO nanowire arrays (CN1). The other was developed by immersing ZTO nanowire arrays into C3N4 solutions, which was hydrothermally treated after the thermal condensation (CN2). Photodegradation, photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting, and piezo-related applications of the systems were investigated. XRD analysis ascertained the fabrication of ZTO in the composite samples of CN1 and CN2. The presence of melon in composites was not observed because of the poor crystallinity and minor amounts of melon. Both ZTO and melon were observed in CN1 and CN2 through SEM images. ZTO nanowires were further ascertained by cross section SEM and TEM images. The particle size of hydrothermally treated melon was smaller than as-synthesized melon obtained from thermal condensation. Melon in CN1 and CN2 was also ascertained through Raman and optical measurements. From UV-vis results, CN1 and CN2 exhibited absorption edges towards the visible light range. This was attributed to the presence of melon. The Schottky contact behavior of ZTO nanowire arrays was observed through I-V measurements. The piezotronic feature was ascertained. However, no improvement of piezotronic effect for the samples of CN1 and CN2. The photocatalytic performance of ZTO could be enhanced by coupling with melon in the samples of CN1 and CN2. It was due to the improvement of separation of electrons and holes. The sonophotodegradation of ZTO and CN2 was explored by applying an ultrasonic vibration to the samples under illumination. Both ZTO and CN2 exhibited the enhanced degradation performance. The enhanced catalytic activity was attributed to increased availability of ZTO nanowire active sites because of ZTO nanowire surface sweeping.
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Hung-MingLin and 林宏名. "Synergistic photocatalytic and photoelectrochemical performance of nanocomposites ZnSnO3/polymer (PVDF/PMMA)." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/ga597t.
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Chang, Yu-Ting, and 張于庭. "The Characterizations and Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting of One-dimension ZnSnO3 Nanowires." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/c3e29z.
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Yu, Chia-Chien, and 游家鑑. "The Study on the Electro-optical Properties of ZnSnO3 Thin Films." Thesis, 2006. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/86652482456908556941.
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Chen-HuiChou and 周振輝. "Study of High Density ZnSnO3 Nanowire Arrays Fabricated using Single-step Hydrothermal Synthesis." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/jncdtp.
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Ming-KaiLo and 羅名凱. "Exploration of the Piezo-photocatalytic Effect of Nano-structured ZnSnO3 Using Hydrothermal Synthesis." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/33522328671706219377.
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碩士國立成功大學
材料科學及工程學系
102
Studies have reported various excellent properties of the novel lead-free ZnSnO3 material applied to gas sensors and photocatalyst. However, the piezoelectric performance of ZnSnO3 did not obtain an equivalent attention. In addition, its semiconductor characteristics allow to exhibit the piezotronic effect, which means stress modulation of piezo-potentials built in the Schottky contact to enable different electrical performances of a device. If the system also exhibits the photonic features under light irradiation, the piezo-phototronic effect is developed. These characteristics were not observed in most of materials. No studies reported the piezo-photocatalytic effect, which is a coupling between the piezophototronic and photocatalytic effects. In this work, 1D nanostructured ZnSnO3 nanowires were fabricated using a two-step hydrothermal reaction to explore the novel piezo-related properties for the first time. The X-ray diffraction pattern and TEM analyses showed that the ZnSnO3 phase of single crystalline nanowires. The piezotronic and piezophototronic effects were demonstrated using a probe station, which enabled to quantitatively apply stresses during the I-V measurement. We found the Schottky barriers were modulated as a function of applied stresses at the local contacts between the probe and the sample. These features implied the novel application to piezo-photocatalysis. In the piezo-photocatalytic experiment, we found the piezo-phototronic effect did significantly enhance the photocatalytic efficiency of ZnSnO3 nanowires without any other external bias. An energy band diagram was simply used to explain the increased efficiency, which was attributed to the improved mobility of photogenerated carriers, resulting from the enhanced piezo-potentials under stresses. There still exists numerous challenges for this project to further enhance the piezo-related properties of ZnSnO3, including 1) fabrication of much well-aligned ZnSnO3 nanowires, 2) fabrication of different aspect ratios (morphology) of ZnSnO3, 3) seeking less basic conditions (pH 〈 12.5) for growing ZnSnO3 nanowires, 4) growing ZnSnO3 on a flexible substrate. Various promising applications, such as sensors and photoelectrochemical cells, can then be expected.
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HsiangTan and 譚湘. "Fabrication of ZnO@ZnSnO3 Core-Shell Nanowire Arrays as Negative Electrodes for Lithium Ion Batteries." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/3a3rsh.
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Rovisco, Ana Isabel Bento. "Solution-based Zinc-Tin Oxide nanostructures: from synthesis to applications." Doctoral thesis, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/92675.
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CHEN, YU-TING, and 陳昱庭. "Study on Resistive Switching Characteristics of ZnSnO Thin Films." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/qhn36x.
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碩士國立雲林科技大學
電子工程系
105
In this study, the Al-doped zinc tin oxide (Al-ZTO) and zinc tin oxide (ZTO) resistive random access memories (ReRAMs) were fabricated by a simple, fast, low cost, and low temperature solution-process. This thesis was divided into three parts. First, indium balls and silver paste were used as the top electrodes of the ReRAMs, respectively. By adjusting the compliance current, the Al-ZTO ReRAM with a resistance window of 3.24 can be obtained. Second, annealing processes at temperatures of 300 °C, 450 °C, and 600 °C were performed to the ZTO films, respectively, to improve the ZTO resistive switching layers. The top electrodes were fabricated by pressing indium balls onto the ZTO surface. Effects of annealing temperature on crystallinity, crystalline phase, non-lattice oxygen content, chemical bonds, and switching mechanism of the ZTO ReRAMs were studied. The ZTO film with the optimal annealing temperature of 300 °C was used as the resistive switching layer. When using the indium ball as the top electrode, the optimal ZTO ReRAM with a resistance window of 102 can be obtained. Finally, influence of top electrode on ZTO ReRAM was studied. A Keysight B1500A semiconductor parameter analyzer was used to measure the electrical characteristics. The thicknesses of the deposited Al-ZTO and ZTO films were analyzed by using a field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM) and analytical scanning transmission electron microscopy (AEM). The crystalline phase was examined by X-ray Diffraction (XRD). The non-lattice oxygen content and chemical bond were investigated by using an X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS).
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Kao, Ruei-Hung, and 高瑞鴻. "Growth and Characterization of Transparent Conductive Oxide ZnSnO Thin Films." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/31834541829439541488.
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碩士大同大學
光電工程研究所
101
ZnSnO (ZTO) thin films were grown on sapphire by using plasma-assisted molecular beam epitaxy. The tin concentration was controlled by varying tin cell temperature. When tin content reaches to 5 at.%, the structure of ZnSnO thin films is transferred from crystalline to amorphous, which is determined by X-ray diffraction (XRD). The lattice constant in c-axis of ZnO:Sn films linearly increases with TSn increased, which implied the valence electron number of tin is +2. Based on absorption spectra result, the principal structure of ZTO is respectively on ZnO in crystalline region (denoted as c-ZTO) and SnO2 in amorphous region (a-ZTO). There is the lowest resistivity (7.09 × 10-4 ohm-cm) and the highest mobility (18.9 cm2/V-s) in a-ZTO as tin content reached 32.3%. In addition, the mobility of a-ZTO is enhanced by decreasing growth temperature. The SnO2-based ZTO (32.3% Sn content) grown on 600℃ substrate temperature has the highest mobility as 23 cm2/V-s.
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Yang, Cheng-Yu, and 楊正宇. "ZnSeO/GaAs Solar Cells." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/44077735985013342517.
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碩士國立中央大學
電機工程研究所
100
To date, materials with intermediate band become potential applications in solar cells because the spectral response could be extended by the intermediate band in the forbidden gap. In this thesis, we first demonstrated the ZnSeO based intermediate band solar cells and its characteristics were particularly investigated. The structural and optical properties of ZnSeO with varying oxygen content were studied in this work. The high absorption coefficients (>104 cm-1) of ZnSeO made it a promising candidate in solar cell. Theoretical calculation based on self-consistent drift-diffusion method was referred in this work. The results showed the conversion efficiency of ZnSeO based solar cell could reach 25 %. To realize the solar cell structure, ZnSeO with n-ZnO window layer were grown on p-GaAs substrate in this study. We also propose Ti/Al/Ni/Au ohmic contact to minimize the series resistance and power consume in solar cells, and low specific contact resistivity of 2.6×10-7 Ω-cm2 could be achieved. The ZnSeO based solar cells exhibit a 16 % increase of the short circuit current and same open circuit voltage in comparison to ZnSe based cells. Thus, a 43 % improvement in conversion efficiency could be obtained. However, existence of intermediate band could not be observed in ZnSeO solar cell because of the quality issues. This work does provide the opportunities for ZnSeO applied in photovoltaic devices.
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Chen, Shao-Chi, and 陳劭其. "Thermoelectric Power and Percolatio in ZnSiO2 Composites." Thesis, 2006. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/46848329031503382668.
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碩士國立交通大學
物理研究所
94
Percolation theory in natural phenomena has been known for several decades. Typical examples include forest blaze, contagious disease and the properties of electrical-transport, etc. In particular, the percolation behavior of electrical conductivity in the metal-insulator composites, has long been of great interest. In a sample with the metal volume fraction larger than the critical volume fraction, i.e., the resistivity is given by a simple power law. The thermoelectric power in a metal-insulator composite has also been discussed. In 1991, Bergman and Levy proposed that the behavior of thermoelectric power should depend on electrical and thermal conductivity ratios of the two constituent components. For x>xc and electrical ratios bigger than thermal conductivity ratios (which is pertinent to our case), the thermopower is also given by a simple power law. We have set up a system which can measure thermoelectric powers at low temperatures in a 4He variable temperature cryostat. By measuring thermoelectric powers and resistivities of a series of Znx(SiO2)1-x composites, we have studied the percolation behavior of thermoelectric power and resistivity. According to our experimental result, the critical volume fraction for the thermoelectric power is 0.261-0.265, which is close to the critical volume fraction for resistivity (0.262 ±0.003). This value lies between the three-dimensioned critical volume fraction and the two-dimensioned critical volume fraction minimum, onfirming that, as theoretically by H. Kesten, 1980.
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Ke, Hong-hsien, and 柯宏憲. "Raman spectroscopic analysis of ZnSeO alloys." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/40052858533889557865.
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碩士國立中央大學
物理研究所
100
The oxygen concentrations of ZnSe1-xOx alloys studied in this thesis are in the range of 1.5%
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Lin, Kun-Zheng, and 林坤政. "Temperature-dependent Raman scattering of ZnSeO." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/65299621851060405488.
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碩士國立中央大學
物理學系
101
The oxygen concentrations of ZnSe1-xOx alloys studied in this thesis are in the range of 1.5%x11.6%. Because of the limited oxygen solubility, Nabetani had proposed that ZnSeO alloy composition up to 6.4%. Our highest concentration up to 11.6%.In our previous study indicate the results of photoluminescence (PL) indicate that the relationship between band gap and oxygen composition can be well described in the framework of band anti-crossing model (BAC model). However, the full width of half maxima (FWHM) of signals becomes broader and the intensities become weaker in the higher O concentration range. These results indicate that the crystal structures may have changed. Thus we investigated the crystal structure via Raman spectrum. In 10K Raman scattering experiments, the phonon frequency is influenced by strain and effective mass. With ZnSe mixes O, the phonon frequency become slower than ZnSe, but when oxygen concentration higher than 9.3%, the frequency is dominated by effective mass. The phonon frequency becomes faster. In temperature-dependent Raman scattering, we can find as the oxygen concentration increases, the anharmonic effect will increase. Besides, the FWHM of LOZnSe becomes broader than ZnSe. In the end, we will discuss optical phonon life time. When increasing the oxygen concentration, the life time will become shorter than ZnSe.
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Lai, Chiwen, and 賴麒文. "Band gap structure of ZnSeO alloys." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/35718770479941769873.
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碩士國立中央大學
物理研究所
99
This thesis mainly focuses on the direct band gap analysis of ZnSe1-xOx alloys (x=0~0.07) through photoreflectance (PR) spectroscopy and photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy. The band gap of alloys decreases significantly with increasing oxygen concentration at room temperature, which agrees with the band anticrossing model (BAC). In higher temperature range (150~300K), the BAC model well predicts the oxygen concentration which consists with experimental results under X-Ray diffraction (XRD) examination. However, when the temperature is under 150K, BAC model underestimates the drastic band gap tendency which is closer to the behavior of the host material ZnSe. This deviation from BAC model may associate with the localized state properties of ZnSe1-xOx alloys.
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Chen, Hsing-Hung, and 陳星宏. "Optical characteristics of ZnSeO thin film." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/77649431254425017235.
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碩士國立中央大學
物理研究所
98
In this thesis, we have studied the optical characteristics of ZnSe1-xOx thin film (0≦x≦0.097) by using Photoluminescence (PL)spectroscopy and Photoreflectance (PR) spectroscopy. We observe the band gap decreases dramatically with increasing oxygen concentration by PL at room temperature, which can be explained by the band anticrossing model. We observe the S-shaped PL peaks (0＜x≦0.070) evolve with temperature, we have considered this phenomenon which transits from localized exciton to free exciton. We have used PR to obtain the band gap of these samples. We have used the band anticrossing model to analyze these signals from PL and PR.
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Hung, Chung-Hsien, and 洪存賢. "Cloning of Cu/ZnSOD to Lactobacillus strains." Thesis, 2002. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/92907133794571897310.
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碩士國立中興大學
食品科學系
90
Using Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis shuttle vector pHY300PLK cloning Cu/Zn SOD(copper/zinc superoxide dismutase) gene. Construct shuttle pHY300SOD by cloning tetracycline resistance gene promoter to improve expression Cu/Zn SOD protein. After incubation Lactobacillus acidophilus 4356 and Lactobacillus casei 27092 in contain 2﹪glycine MRS broth, electroporated(peak voltage of 2.5kv/cm, capacitance of 25μF, parallel resistance of 300Ω) pHY300SOD to this two lactobacillus strain. We can observed electrotransformation efficiencies was L. acidophilus 4356 (1.6×104 transformants/μg pHY300SOD DNA) and L. casei 27092(2.3×103 transformants/μg pHY300SOD DNA). After incubation 100 generations two lactobacillus transformated strains in non selective pressure MRS broth. The antibiotic rate was decrease L. acidophilus 4356 was 0.27﹪and L. casei 27092 was 0.07﹪. The shuttle vector pHY300SOD cannot stability maintain at both lactobacillus strain. Transformated strain has higher SOD activity than wide type cellular and extra-cellular matrix. Incubation both transformated and wide type lactobacillus strains in adding copper and zinc ion MRS broth could improve their cellular SOD activity about L. acidophilus 4356 was 2.8 and 8.7 times L. casei 27092 was 5.0 and 3.3 times. Shaking culture transformated and wide type lactobacillus strains by MRS broth was no significant difference in final bacteria number. After treatment lactobacillus strains by 5mM hydrogen peroxide the transformated strains survive rate was no increase than wide type. Cloning Cu/Zn SOD cannot provide lactobacillus to against hydrogen peroxide oxidative damage and lack catalase to decrease hydrogen peroxide. Aerobic and anaerobic culture both transformated and wide type lactobacillus strains no signification difference in final bacteria number. Both L. acidophilus 4356 and L. casei 27092 has good tolerance at 1atm oxygen culture condition. Cloning Cu/Zn SOD cannot significant improved transformated bacteria number in aerobic culture condition. Cloning Cu/Zn SOD and incubation lactobacillus strains in adding copper and zinc ion media could improve their SOD activity. But transformated Cu/Zn SOD gene lactobacillus strains was on significant increase overall against oxidative ability in our test condition.
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Yang, Chih-yuan, and 楊志元. "Patent Analysis on White LED and Study on Luminescence Properties of ZnSiO4." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/20358158688723530259.
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碩士國立屏東教育大學
化學生物系
100
This study focused on the phosphor industry related technology, and the patent map and patented technology map were drawn by the WIPO、USPTO and TWPTO patent database. Through the data from these patent database, the patented technology map was drawn to analyze the distribution of talent into the sequence for the number of patents analysis, Country analysis, companies analysis, inventor analysis, IPC analysis number of cited documents. Also, the patented technology map can be used to explore the direction of technology development and selection of research and development theme and made a the effectiveness of classification fishbone diagrams for technical efficiency matrix, Country matrix of technical efficiency - Country analysed efficacy matrix - analyzed by the invention of the number of technical efficiency matrix - invention of the number of analysis. Through the technology life cycle graph analysis, the numbers of phosphor technology patents have been entered the technical maturity since 2006 to 2011. After analysis from the numbers of phosphor technology patents, it can be learned in the field of analytical techniques that the patent up to a total of 200 patents. The United States has an absolute advantage, followed by Japan (JP) 150 patents, 72 in Taiwan. In addition, company research and development capabilities can be analyzed by the maps. Royal Philips was the most competitive and its patent applications prided populations. Besides, it was evident that by the technical efficiency matrix map analysis, silicate phosphor host lattice was worth to develop. The study by the phosphor patent analysis was to investigate the luminous efficiency of silicate fluorescent material doped with different concentrations of Eu3+ and Mn2+ ions. The phosphor was uniformly dispersed by pre-treatment methods and prepared by different sintering temperature. Then, we wanted to seek the optimum parameters of the phosphor. The excitation spectrum and emission spectrum were measured by photoluminescence spectroscopy (PL). The powder particles and morphologies were analysed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The crystal structure was detected by X-ray diffraction (XRD). The results show that XRD observation of powder that high-temperature sintering at different concentrations, and its crystal structure in line with zinc silicate surface. The SEM observation of the particles size was more than about 3 μm. The EDX measurement observation the distribution of the activator replaced the zinc ions in the host lattice. Finally, the measured the PL luminescence properties, excite the Zn2SiO4: Eu3+ phosphor by excitation spectrum of 359 nm, found that the measured emission spectrum at 613 nm have a red light. In addition, excite the Zn2SiO4: Mn2+ phosphor by excitation spectrum of 423 nm, found that the measured emission spectrum at 525 nm have a green light.
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Cheng-HsuanKuo and 郭丞軒. "ZnSnN2 Fabrication Using Combinatorial Reactive Sputtering and Its Study of Piezo-related Properties." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/5vn22w.
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Jiang, Wei-Shin, and 江偉仕. "Temperature dependence of the carrier recombination mechanism in isoelectronic ZnSeO and ZnSeTe semiconductors." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/90093659492570260501.
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碩士國立交通大學
電子物理系所
100
This study investigates carrier relaxation dynamics of isoelectronic ZnSe1-xOx and ZnSe1-yTey semiconductors as a function of temperature using photoluminescence (PL) and time-resolved PL spectroscopy. We find that the complex decay traces of ZnSe1-yTey correlate excellently with the stretched exponential law within a wide temperature range. As the temperature increases, the monotonically decreased PL lifetime for ZnSe0.947O0.053 is in remarkable contrast to ZnSe0.950Te0.050 whose PL lifetime initially increases up to 70 K and then declines. These findings are consistent with the S- and V-shaped PL peak shift for ZnSe0.947O0.053 and ZnSe0.950Te0.050, respectively. The dissimilar carrier dynamics can be attributed to their extremely distinct band models and trapping depths.
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An-JieHsu and 許桉榤. "Enhancement of Photocatalytic and Piezo-related Properties of Orthorhombic ZnSnN2 Grown on FTO Through Morphology Control Using Combinatorial Magnetron Sputtering." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/aq8eym.
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Lai, Yi-Ming, and 賴毅名. "Influence of Zn(NO3)2 and ZnSO4 on the Morphologies and Material Properties of ZnS/ZnO Core Shell Structures." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/mgkqv9.
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碩士國立暨南國際大學
應用材料及光電工程學系
106
This thesis, ZnO/ZnS core/shell structures were fabricated on copper grids and on silicon substrate. With solutions containing ZnO(NO3)2 and ZnSO4. Zinc sulfate was incorporated in the solution to grow ZnO nanorods on copper grids. Firstly, the seed layer was electroplated on the grids or substrates and followed by hydrothermal growth to form ZnO nanorods. Afterwards, ZnS shell was grown on ZnO nanorods’surface in solutions containing Sodium sulfide to form the core shell structure. In order to investigate the characteristics of the structure with various growth time, multiple analyses, such as field-emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM), photoluminescence (PL), transmission electron microscope (TEM) and surface contact angle measurement were performed.
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LU, SZ-YING, and 盧思穎. "Study of Dopants on The Electrical Characteristics of ZnSn Oxide Thin Film Transistor." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/42635959180954082128.
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碩士國立臺南大學
材料科學系碩士班
105
Recently, fabricating thin film transistors by the sol−gel method is the main process method to replace the conventional vacuum process due to its ease of fabrication and lower cost. In this research, we fabricated ZTO (ZnSnO) as the active layers for thin film transistors. For preparing the ZTO precursor solutions, different ratios of hydrogen peroxide or monoethanolamine were added to improve the electrical properties of the thin film transistor devices. From the TGA results, it was confirmed that the condensation reaction is enhanced by adding hydrogen peroxide in ZTO precursor solutions, and the electrical properties results also confirm the doping effect. The subthreshold swing(S.S.) as well as the trap density are significantly improved. This research also discusses the effect of adding monoethanolamine in ZTO channel layers under different aging time and at different annealing temperatures on device performance. It was found that the precursor solution doped with monoethanolamine could effectively reduce the required aging time. Without doping MEA, ZTO channel layers needs at least 12 hours aging to assure that TFTs can work only 2 hours is needed for ZTO channel layers with 5% MEA doping which possesses the best device performance.Finally, hydrogen peroxide and monoethanolamine were added in ZTO precursor solution at the same time and the influence will be discussed.
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Zhang, Qiu Yun, and 張秋雲. "The alterations of membrane glycoproteins of microglia in the olfactory bulb of rats under normal development and unilateral ZnSO4-treatment." Thesis, 1996. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/85555503100961793805.
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Chen, Yu Nong, and 陳昱農. "Surface Plasmon Resonance Effect For The Enhancement Of Photodegradation Activity Of Au/ZnSn(OH)6 Nanostructure." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/x2aszs.
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碩士國立清華大學
材料科學工程學系
103
In this study, ZnSn(OH)6 nanocubes were synthesized by chemical bath method, which is low cost process and suited for mass production. In order to improve photocatalytic activity, gold nanoparticles were grown on the surface of the ZnSn(OH)6 nanocubes by deposition-precipitation method to obtain Au/ZnSn(OH)6 heterojunction nanocubes. Subsequently, the Au/ZnSn(OH)6 nanocubes, photocatalytic activity was enhanced by surface plasmon resonance (SPR) effect under ultraviolet (UV) and visible-light irradiation. Zinc acetate and sodium stannate source materials were acted as a solute solutions while deionized water and ethylene glycol were used as solvent to prepare ZnSn(OH)6 nanocubes at room temperature. The photodegradation ratio can be reached 100% within 20 min under ultraviolet-light illumination using ZnSn(OH)6 nanocubes. The ZnSn(OH)6 nanocubes achieved about five times cycling test without an observable loss of photocatalytic activity, which indicated the high stability in the reaction medium. Moreover, the Rhodamine B (RhB) aqueous solution (10 ppm) was fully decomposed in 120 minutes by the Au/ZnSn(OH)6 nanocubes because of SPR effect. The highly photocatalytic activity of the Au/ZnSn(OH)6 and the ZnSn(OH)6 nanocubes is attributed to the hydroxyl groups, which enhance the reaction rate and enable the hydroxyl radicals to participate in the reaction for destruction of the RhB solution.
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Cui, Qing Xin, and 崔清新. "腦梗塞與血中微量元素銅、鋅、硒及銅鋅超氧化物歧化酵素(CopperZincsuperoxideDismutaseCu/ZnSOD)之相關因素探討." Thesis, 1996. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/43414424763343567703.
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