Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Zola, Émile (1840-1902). L'argent – Critique et interprétation'
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Nakamura, Midori. "Les "annonces" narratives dans les romans d'Emile Zola." Thesis, Paris 3, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA030076.
Full textHow does Émile Zola retain durably the reader’s interest? In this study, we identify one of the author’s frequent narrative techniques: the "announcement", which allows the reader to foresee the outcome, creating both the desire to see if the novel ends as one might have guessed, and the urge to find out how. An essential aspect of announcements in Les Rougon-Macquart is that they are voiced by characters either of secondary importance or belonging to society’s margins. Moreover, their sinister prophecies are often declared "unreasonable" and easily cast aside, in order to throttle the voicing of inopportune truths. Thus, the announcement in Zola’s fiction is not only a narrative issue; it also raises awareness on social hypocrisy. Studying Zola’s manuscripts offers a prime perspective on how the author integrated this process to his novels. His dossier préparatoire for L’Assommoir shows firsthand the programming of the announcement through a secondary character; that of Pot-Bouille shows the same procedure, for a socially marginal character. But in L’Argent, one finds a wavering of these archetypal announcing figures in la Méchain, while Sigismond appears as the sprout of an entirely new type of announcer, which will blossom in the last novelistic series. Indeed, after the transition of Les Trois Villes, the heroes of Les Quatre Évangiles become preachers announcing a better world, and confirming its fruition. The announcement then consists of putting forth an ideal. The system of foretelling therefore undergoes a transformation that parallels the author’s ideological evolution: from the denunciation of current issues to the annunciation of the coming utopia
Barjonet, Aurélie. "Zola romancier et intellectuel." Paris 3, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA030022.
Full textDue to Zola’s engagement in the Dreyfus Affair, his critical reception is problematic, for it comprises both literary and political fields. In addition, the socially critical content of his works has always encouraged politicized reactions. It is this phenomenon we shall be investigating in Germany whilst bearing in mind contemporary occurrences in France. In both countries the history of the reception of Naturalism’s leading figure is marked by various revisionary readings of his oeuvre and literary project. Rarely are these revisions motivated by purely literary concerns—they always come from the left wing. From the 1950s onwards the German Democratic Republic began to re-evaluate and rehabilitate the French author through the initiative of Victor Klemperer and later of Rita Schober, while the Federal Republic of Germany showed only limited interest in Zola until the 1970s, a phenomenon initiated by the re-politicization of academic criticism. This study allows us to distinguish the principle stages of Zola’s French and German reception based on the predominant understandings of the author and his work, and it enables us to compare the stages of his critical reception in order to highlight their structures and convergences, as well as to bring out their differences. As a result, it offers an original re-reading of Zola’s œuvre: by uncovering recurring points of resistance to Zola in critical approaches, this study retraces the most powerful aspects of the author’s mind and action
Lauraine, Françoise. "Le système des éléments dans l'oeuvre de Zola." Paris 3, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA030086.
Full textPrimary elements system in zola's works the object of this dissertation is to study the system of the four primary elements : water, air, earth and fire, specially used in zola's works and dating back to the first stoician philosophers of the antiquity. We have first examined the system genesis and its own structure, then the part it plays at every stage of the literary creation, from the fore-text to the final text, in all the parts of the fiction work ; for example the structural, dramatical, and referential function of the system. Moreover the system also generates its stylistics, the figurative use of the elements composing it, produces metonymies, metaphors and synestesises. Besides, global syntagms like "all", "it was. . All. . One", "it was. . All", are profuse and in company with the recurrent character of pan, a universal god. From this comes out the semiology of the system, in relation with bachelard's concept of imagination and matter, and still in relation with anthropology that links imagination archetypes to science. The stoician philosophy echoes, in the text, zola's pantheism and globalizing thought. The predominance of the "artist fire", a fire of purification and creation, death felt like a return "to the universal life", evil and pain dominated by the ideal of life in harmony with nature, and "the vital energy", give evidence of a wisdom based, on the idea of an "eternal return", on the greek and latin stoicians' "palingenesis", and also on love for life, a life that should be accomplished with dignity, for the good of people
Licari, Anthony. "Etude stylométrique de l'engagement psycho-social d'Emile Zola dans la série "Les Rougon-Macquart"." Tours, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004TOUR2020.
Full textThis thesis takes as a point of departure three expressions taken from a sentence by Claude in "l'Oeuvre" by Emile Zola : literature, science and democracy. Zola considers these elements as the base of prosperity in society. He admits that his work has no infallible system, however, nor efficient solutions to suggest. It is thus experimental and bases itself on the energy which is indispensible to commitment, this thesis which poses two hypotheses : the psychosocial commitment of Zola and the relation between the social worries of Zola and modern society. To this end, measurement methods inspired by human sciences are applied to the whole corpus of the "Rougon-macquart". The aim of this method of analysis of literature is to reduce the parameters of interpretation, espacially free and intuitive, and to create more discipline in literary analysis
Ngone, Dzene Delphine Dielle. "Les pastiches - Zola : poétique et critique." Thesis, Toulon, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018TOUL3003/document.
Full textZola-pastiches are a sign of reception of Zola’s literary works. More than a centuryafter his death, his style is still targeted by the authors of this type of rewriting. Our researchposes the problem of mimetic or differential appropriation of Zola-pastiches posterior to hisdeath. How the author of Les Rougon-Macquart is imitated in these pastiches is our mainresearch question. A pastiche is a writing that implies a textual repeat characterized by theexistence of two types of texts: the hypertext (derived text) and the hypotext (source text). Acomparative approach linked to the theories of intertextuality and hypertextuality has enabledus to discover that the imitators of Zola draw inspiration from his writings and also from thewritings of other authors. They thus produce pastiches with single, double or multiplehypotexts. The distinction between Zola-pastiches is also based on their internal (literary) orexternal (political, advertising) aim. The authors of pastiches with external aims documentthe social facts of their era just like Zola did in his novels. Some authors show a literaryengagement by attacking political leaders but indirectly. In addition to their aims, theirrepresentation of Zola’s style diversifies their writings. Each writer conforms to someimitation rules which are generally related to the principles of similarities and differences.Some pastiches are therefore move creative and/or more representative of Zola’s style thanothers. The study of the imitative ways of pastiches’ writers implies a reflection on theconcept of style whose definitions seem unclear. These writers no longer focus only onZola’s thematic which has been highly criticized during his life time and even after his death.They blend themes and stylistic devices, thus acknowledging the poetic quality of the literaryworks of the naturalism founder. The Zola-pastiches written during the 20th and at thebeginning of the 21st centuries therefore appear to be a critical analysis of these works as wellas the criticism of the partial or one-sided criticism that preceded the renewed interest in thereading of the author of Medan’s texts. The imbrication of stylistic devices and themesborrowed from Zola and adapted to new contexts shows that the literary style convokes theidiosyncratic and sociologic dimensions of an author’s specific way of writing, given that,style is not an abstract phenomenon but a series of formal and thematic choices which arehistorically located and whose imitation is highly determined by representations
Lemarié, Yannick. "Ventre et manducation dans l'œuvre de Zola." Angers, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996ANGE0023.
Full textStanding from the conceptions of plato and descartes that lay the fondations of the philosophy of the body in 19th century France, this thesis aims to point how Zola turns his back on these trends of thoughts in order to have a better understanding of bodoly reality and turn man into devouring being. The next point is to settle in what way the stomach and manducation constitute the basis of fiction creativeness : portraits, space, social structures are thus analysed on this basis. Lastly, the female character is replaced in this new context. Even, the woman is no longer reduced to her sex but she plays a prominent role again in the cycle eater-eaten
Anfray-Plantureux, Clelia. "La Bible de Zola : mythocritique des Rougon-Macquart." Paris 4, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA040243.
Full textIn the Rougon-Macquart, Zola suggests the rewriting of pagan or Christian, timeless myths. While the first half of the series is about stories inherited either from classical mythology or from the Genesis, the second half borrows essentially from the Ancient and the New Testament, Christian myths, hagiographic stories, or legends. The story of the Original Sin, which is stretched throughout the first three novels, is followed by ancient beliefs about pagan idols: Diana, Vulcan, Venus, etc. Sacred characters, saints, or prophets, like Jacob, Esther, St. Stephanus, or St Paul. Finally the cycle ends with the eschatological story of the Apocalypse. Thus, in order to explain the origins of the collapse of the Second Empire, the author builds a "modern Bible", and partly respects its chronology and unity. In this work, we adopt Pierre Brunel's method, "mythocritique". It rests on three principles: emergence, flexibility, and irradiation. Any interpretation necessarily rests on the emerging of some explicit, mythical occurrence: a single name, a single object or a single sentence can manifest by itself the mythical print. In addition, these mythical elements are not reproduced as such inside the work. They have to be modulated and adapted by the novelist; literary text inflects them. Our study aims at letting them irradiate
Ogino, Fumitaka. "Système, anti-système et clôture dans l'oeuvre d'Émile Zola." Paris 3, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA030123.
Full textThe changes in emile zola's understanding of creation can be described with the 2 schemes of situation in front of x (god, nature), and inrreducibility which enables creation to the creation. Being confronted with the so-called systematic philosophers proudhon and taine, zola considers nature as antisystematic in the processs of works creation. Zola will go further in asserting nature and life as irreducible not only to creation, but also to the history of a given society. The scheme of irreducibility is also at work in zola's involvement in the dreyfus case, case in which the closeness of a religion's history is put under question
Tremou, Catherine. "Le dialogue romanesque dans les Rougon-Macquart d'E. Zola." Paris 3, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA030122.
Full textThe fictif dialogue in "les rougon-macquart" il considered as an independant system with its. Own rules. In the novels we find different types of dialogue with their proper meaning. Such types are the informatif, the argumentatif, the debate and the conversation. The dialogue also belongs to the narrative system, and it is the domain for the expression of an ideology. It is therefore a semiotic system with its own significance in the novel
Sabatier, Claude. "Les chroniques parisiennes et politiques d'Emile Zola (1865-1872) : un témoignage historique aux confins du journalisme et de la littérature : laboratoire des Rougon-Macquart." Paris 10, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA100157.
Full textFrom 1865 to 1872 , as a young, ambitious and outraged man who came to Paris from Aix, Emile Zola goes through the basics of journalism and prepares for war thanks to the contacts he established at the publishing house Hachette with writers, critics and journalists. He becomes a contributor to anti-establishment newspapers such as L'évènement illustré, but above all, La Tribune, Le Rappel, La Cloche. He adopts and echoes in his articles the opposition movement against the Second Empire which, with its liberalization in 1868, comes to its end. Similarly, with the advent of the Third Republic, he reflects, as a Parliament columnist in Bordeaux then in Versailles, the political practices and debates of this transition period during which democracy is hard to set up. His columns show a wide range of themes from political gossip to contemplative stroll. They especially display an extensive set of literary forms ( dialogues, speeches, letters ) and styles ( from pamphlet to satire ) we analyse in the main part of our study. The third part of the thesis tries to show through references to four novels: La Curée, Nana, La Conquête de Plassans, Son Excellence Eugène Rougon and some incursions in other works from the Rougon-Macquart saga, how the young journalist tested and worked patterns, situations and characters out, that will be more or less unconsciously reinvested develloped and adapted by Zola as a novelist. In short, the press will have been ( above all? ) a kind of processing room for Zola's major work too. It gave this major work its lively aspect
Mcneil, Arteau Guillaume. "Les documents humains : Émile Zola, le journalisme et la littérature (1865-1893)." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/26155.
Full textEntre 1865 et 1881, Émile Zola est un journaliste actif à la fois dans la presse parisienne et provinciale ; pendant les dernières années de cette période, il est aussi correspondant pour une revue mensuelle russe, Le Messager de l’Europe. Cette vaste production textuelle constituée au fil de ces seize années de journalisme donne à lire les observations quotidiennes que formule Zola sur la vie culturelle française en usant des multiples ressources génériques de la presse : la chronique, le microrécit, le portrait-carte, le compte rendu parlementaire, l’étude sociale, la notice nécrologique, etc. Cette étude retrace ce parcours journalistique où l’activité littéraire zolienne se fait au contact d’une actualité tantôt immédiate, tantôt très dilatée, et interroge le rapport d’influence que l’on observe entre la presse et le roman zolien. Ce rapport s’opère sur divers aspects de l’œuvre littéraire : discursif (propos tenu sur la presse dans le texte critique, d’escorte ou au cœur de l’univers diégétique), romanesque (présence d’un personnel journalistique dans le roman zolien), thématique (publicité et littérature), poétique (la méthode d’élaboration du roman naturaliste partage des consonances très précises avec celle du reportage), réception littéraire (la critique antinaturaliste reproche au roman zolien d’introduire les procédés de la presse dans la sphère des lettres). L’étude de ces influences révèle que le romancier emprunte aux procédures journalistiques, et plus significativement aux procédures documentaires, certains modes de saisie du réel déterminants dans la composition de l’œuvre romanesque en régime naturaliste. En cela, on peut avancer que les pouvoirs cognitifs de la fiction zolienne procèdent d’un imaginaire de la documentation étroitement lié à celui du journal au XIXe siècle.
From 1865 to 1881, Émile Zola is a journalist both in the Parisian and the provincial press; he also is, during the last years of this period, a correspondent for a Russian monthly magazine, The Messenger of Europe. The vast textual production of those sixteen years of journalism gives access to Zola’s daily observations about French cultural life using the many usual forms of the press : the column, the micro-narrative, the « portrait-carte », the parliamentary account, the social study, the obituary, etc. The present literary criticism follows this journalistic career and the contact of zolian literary activity with immediate and not so immediate news, and reflects on the relation and the influence between the press and the zolian novel. This relation can be seen in many aspects of the literary work : discursive (remarks on the press in criticism, in a preface or in the heart of the diegetic universe), fictional (presence of journalistic staff in a zolian novel), thematic (advertising and literature), poetic (the construction of a naturalist novel is very similar to the construction of reportage), literary reception (the antinaturalist critique of zolian novels criticizes its introduction of journalistic methods in the literary world). The study of these influences shows that the novelist borrows, from journalistic methods, and especially from documentary methods, certain ways of grasping reality which are crucial in the composition of a novel in the naturalistic scheme. Thus, we can affirm that the cognitive powers of zolian fiction stem from a documentation imagination closely linked to the imagination of 19th-century press.
Boumbé, Ndirimian. "La société traditionnelle et la société future dans les Evangiles de Zola." Orléans, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989ORLE1003.
Full textAs a matter of fact, he compared the decadent society of the turn of the 20th century with the ideal city planned in the future. Against depolluation largely caused by the application of mal hus'theory, he advocated scientific agriculture, a regulating factor of population increase. He opposed to the exploitation of the workers by the possessing class a reorganization of work based on the association of capital, intelligence and working, adopting thus fourierism; collectivism, anarchism look inhumane to him; but in order to grant total freedom from secular and ecclesiastical authority to society symbolized by woman, society should have access to education, to wide education. Eventually, Zola is wishing to apply his scheme for happiness and peace to the whole humanity, hence the international understanding set up at the end of the gospels, thanks to the balance of terror, but also to morals in whose name he intervened in Dreyfus'case
Miyagawa, Akiko. "Réalisme critique et utopie romanesque : l'oeuvre de Zola postérieure aux Rougon-Macquart." Grenoble 3, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003GRE39005.
Full textTanaka, Takuzo. "Zola et le roman psychologique." Paris 4, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA040005.
Full textThe aim of this dissertation is to examine the characteristics and the development of the psychological representation in Émile Zola's novels, referring to the “psychological novel” in his time, represented by George Sand and Paul Bourget. From Thérèse Raquin (1867), against the idealism of the “psychological novel” in the manner of George Sand, the Naturalist Zola tries to substitute a physiology of the soul for the psychology; as well as the body, the soul is determined by the surroundings and the heredity. From La Joie de vivre (1884), however, under the influence of the “psychological novel” in the manner of Bourget, Zola progressively separates from the Naturalist determinism. He attaches great importance to the inner life of the characters in his novels and projects his own ideology and philosophy on the inner discourse of these characters. In his later works, the subjectivity of the author finally becomes predominant over the objectivity demanded by the Naturalist theory
Schwartz, Françoise-Nadèje. "Le petit employé de bureau dans les œuvres d'Émile Zola." Paris 10, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985PA100023.
Full textNiel, Sébastien. "Zola et l'inconscient." Paris 8, 2011. http://octaviana.fr/document/159053781#?c=0&m=0&s=0&cv=0.
Full textZola's body of work proves his strength as a great writer of madness. His novels describe the inner workings of the human mind woven within unconscious thoughts. Through his characters, Zola depicts primal energies that pass through the body and drive spirits mad. One would expect that those powers correspond to the Freudian model that opposes the carnal instincts of Eros and Thanatos. It is nothing of the kind. The naturalist writer, Zola, reveals human drives concealed in the different social classes of France's Second Empire. These forces animate the interactions of their social lives. The first force is the germinal drive. It binds the social group together by inhibiting the ego from imperiling survival of the human species. This force of energy never vanishes. Nothing really dies, but all comes to life again. Confronted by this germinal drive, the character turns to his inner lethal power to deny his carnal nature. His psychosomatic nature forces retreat which in turn marginalizes him from the social group. Further influenced by the drive of retreat he can sink to different forms of marginalization such as alcoholism, or even mystical delirium. To set him free of the yoke of the germinal drive and the retreat drive, the character uses his appetites and selfish strengths to determine a way of life that becomes the most radical form of individualism. This new model allows us to understand primal anxieties such as the fear of breakdown, revealed by Jacques Lantier’s secret motivations (The Human Beast), leading to a new point of view on the psychological interactions of the social group. Zola permits us to see the presence of primal forces in modern institutions
Al, Azraki Kamel. "Le monde ouvrier dans "L'assommoir" et "Germinal" d'Emile Zola." Limoges, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992LIMO0501.
Full textIn our study, we will focus on two of zola's masterpieces, l'assommoir and germinal. This can be divided into two parts. First of all, we will analyse the working class and bourgeoisy's way of living with, on the one hand, the working conditions of men, women and children, and on the other hand, the study of the rising of the middle classes, their moral standards, their education, and their relationships with the working class. Then, we will exponent zola's political ideas -which he assigned to his characters, and his ideological evolution through his literary work. And we will also study the workmen's actions, like the general strike in his two novels we will try hard to pointout the differences between the middle and working classes, on a trade level, but also on a psychological and physical level, concerning education, housing, food and language. Theses divergences lead our study to its purpose, which is the struggle between the hero 'working class) and the anti hero (the middle class)
Becker, Colette. "Emile zola : 1840-1867 : genese d'une oeuvre : essai de biographie intellectuelle et esthetique." Paris 3, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA030251.
Full textThis study purports to follow the way that has led zola to think of the rougonmacquart and to explain how the idealistic poet of 1858-1862 grew into the author of therese raquin within five years, and as early as 1868, laid the first stones of a huge building founded on the accurate observation of the contemporary world, and on the last scientific discoveries in physiology, to understand how a young provincial uprooted in paris at the age of eighteen, without any fortune, any degree, any acquaintance, achieved a name in journalism and literature in a few years. We have thus attempted at finding the multiple and complex conditions where from emerged a work that is meant as an outlook upon the contemporary world; we have tried to delimit this vision of things that is achieved through writing, its choices, its difficulties, its artfull tricks, by systematically studying the first works, as many first scales, perhaps, more revealing than the great texts of maturity, more controlled: poems, tales, various short stories, chronicles, novels, articles of literary or artistic criticism along which , through his reflection on contemporary literature and art, he contrived an aesthetic doctrine that can be defined by three terms: strong personality, modernity and truth. To follow this road, we have also relied on some unpublished documents: various archives, letters written or recieved by zola, first works quoted in appendix
Maire-Varupenne, Anne-Catherine. "Les opéras d'Alfred Bruneau, la collaboration d'Emile Zola et le naturalisme musical." Lyon 2, 2003. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/documents/lyon2/2003/varupenne_ac.
Full textFu, Xianjun. "Rousseau, Zola, Bajin : confluence et influence (pour un comparatisme sino-français)." Paris 4, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA040054.
Full textBetween the Chinese modern literature and the western literature, we should seize the two principle points: influence in the ideological field and borrowing of the literary experience. Ba Jin and certain of French writers constitute the most typical and the most resultful relation on this subject. Basing on the personality of Ba Jin and his writings, the researches try to analyze the influences of the democratic ideology and of the attitude to creation of J. -J. Rousseau in one way, and in the other, to explain the borrowing of the novel technique of bajin from Zola. Finally the thesis points out the resemblance and the difference between Ba Jin and Rousseau, Ba Jin and Zola. They contribute to a better inducing the creation personality of the writers as a comparative object
Reffait, Christophe. "Le roman de la Bourse dans la seconde moitié du XIXe siècle, généalogie et logique d'un discours romanesque." Paris 4, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA040130.
Full textThe Paris Stock Exchange was intriguing to 19th century writers. But as it stood for "the democratization of capital", it soon became a major source of controversy. After a period of heated debate (1854-1858) in which the press, comedies of manners and pamphlets played great role, the major theses then developed found their way into a novel of manners (1857-1890) that was widely opposed to the market place. The Stock Exchange was then viewed as the principal cause of the breaking p of ancient Régime society, this rhetoric being closely related to the rise of antiqemitism. While Zola's l'Argent (1890-1891) enhances a counter-notion of progress that evokes the American gospel of wealth as exemplified by Frank Norris and Theodore Dreiser, it also brings the political approach of economics to completion by showing that both democracy and the market place are ruled by abstractions
Jittani, Sôichirô. "La pensée littéraire et artistique d’Émile Zola : une esthétique vitaliste." Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2020. http://accesdistant.sorbonne-universite.fr/login?url=http://theses.paris-sorbonne.fr/2020SORUL038.pdf.
Full textThe present study was designed to highlight aesthetic thought of Zola in relation to vital energy. Behind his scientism doctrine—to which Zola, a theoretician is too often reduced—the novelist, from his youth, constantly reflected on creative genius. In order examine this side of his writing, we focused on his writings on art. In the 1860s, his formative years, realism declined and a post-realistic current emerged which seemed destined to surpass it. Realism, which was considered a form of materialism presenting “matter” without synthesizing it with the “mind”, was criticized for its supposed lack of creativity. In response, in his writings on Courbet and Manet, Zola proposed the idea of the work as produced not by the “mind”, but by “life”, arguing that the expression of the artist’s life animates all objects around him or her. While he adhered to realism’s endeavour that, by rejecting metaphysics and imagination, he lead art to matter, his theory of the productive notion of “life” went beyond realism, espousing the creativity of “matter”. This attempt echoed the history of aesthetics, which moved with Taine and Guyau—among others—towards the theorization of life as beauty in the positivist era. Through the prism of his belief in vitalism, as understood through the critical and philosophical discourse on art in his time, we offer a new way of reading Zola’s work which reveals his constant efforts to build a creative principle specific to the naturalist regime from his first novels to The Four Gospels
Macke, Jean-Sébastien. "Emile Zola - Alfred Bruneau : pour un théâtre lyrique naturaliste." Reims, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003REIML002.
Full textComposer Alfred Bruneau was one of the most popular musicians in the late 19th century. It is with its meeting with Emile Zola that it owes its first success, in 1891, with le Rêve. He then produced several lyric dramas inspired by the novelist's works. Emile Zola got interested in this artistic process and strated writing books for Alfred Bruneau. This fruitful association left quite a surprising literary corpus which alows us a new reading of Emile Zoal's works. Naturalistic opera house also emerged with its own codes and theoric bias. Lyric naturalism was thus in the foreground until 1907 and deeply changed the french and european musical world. An original documentation was needed to study this relatively unknown part of Emile Zola 's works. Therefore the rich collections kept by Alfred Bruneau were used a lot correspondences, private letters, original notes and manuscripts. . . The meticulous investigation of these documents give new and essential material to 19th century literature and music specialists
Iltchéva, Bogdana. "Transformations esthétiques du naturalisme d’Émile Zola chez les écrivains bulgares et roumains au cours des premières décennies du XXe siècle." Artois, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007ARTO0003.
Full textAt the beginning of the XXth century, Naturalism was well received in Bulgaria and Romania as it was throughout almost the whole area of the Balkans, mostly through the works of Emile Zola. Between the two World Wars, Naturalism retained its scandal reputation for both the Bulgarian and Romanian peoples as for the writers. Two emblematic novelists, Ghéorghi Raïčev in Bulgaria, and Liviu Rebreanu in Romania took some of the naturalist conceptions and adapted them for their own works. This process of transformation was an expression of a critical attitude. These authors chose not to imitate, but tried to reinvent the naturalist paradigms, transposing them into the context of Bulgarian and Romanian villages and towns. This refraction and interaction between Émile Zola, Ghéorghi Raïčev and Liviu Rebreanu concerned the choice of subjects, the conception of the characters, the use of figures and the elaboration of the frame of the action of their novels. This transformation of Naturalism reflects the very specific nature of the visions of the two Balkan authors, the weight of history and of the literary traditions of their two countries - Romania and Bulgaria
Kohnen, Myriam. "Figures du Polygraphe. Zola, Daudet, Malot (1855-1880)." Thesis, Paris 3, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA030070.
Full textWhen asked about the three authors Zola, Daudet and Malot, most only know Les Rougon-Macquart, the stories, the novellas as well as the popular novels. Their works however show a much larger variety, which is the result of their careers as writers and journalists. Like their most famous predecessors Balzac, Hugo and Stendhal, they tried to become established in the world of journalism before becoming renowned writers. Just like Vallès, the brothers Goncourt, Baudelaire and Banville, the trio also assumed this initial step would guarantee the autonomy of the literary man. But it was not only the rise in press publication, the technical development and the growth of their readership that forced them to use their talents in multiple ways. The big cities awoke their interest in the social morals, the political and artistic events of their time, so much so that their reports from Paris or London become inspiration for certain novels. The three curious observers carried out research in the streets, at the same time creating a language based on reality and adapted both to the journalistic and the literary genre. From a pavement conversation in La Rue, Le Boulevard, Le Figaro or L'Événement illustré, they arrived at a modern conception of creation, certain aspects of which resemble the techniques used by the Impressionist painters and press illustrators of the "Second Empire". Beyond its social and historical meaning, the evolution of their careers thus highlights the importance of their work and the symbolic status of the writer and also reveals the impact of the first writings on the aesthetics of the three more "modern" novelists
Segonzac, Charlotte. "Les écrivains librettistes dans la période post-wagnérienne : vers un opéra littéraire ? : autour de Catulle Mendès, Émile Zola, Jean Cocteau, Paul Claudel et Armand Lunel." Thesis, Paris 10, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PA100090.
Full textFrom 1883 to1939, after a period dominated by the lyrical Wagnerian drama, many French or French-speaking writers started collaborating with composers to give birth to opera compositions. This thesis is a study of the human relationships and the creative work which was established between men of letters and musicians. It analyses more particularly the libretti of five creators who distinguish themselves by their interest in the lyrical genre, but also by the diversity of their libretti and of their collaboration : Catulle Mendès, Emile Zola, Jean Cocteau, Paul Claudel and Armand Lunel. The first part deals with the genesis of the lyrical works, from the beginning of the four-handed cooperation to the creation of the works (if it takes form ). Each collaboration opens a window on the man and on the writer : it reveals his temperament, his aesthetic vision and his convictions. It also measures the aesthetic and human investment of these creators and it permits to trace their doubts, their hopes, their wounded pride , their vexations as well as their exaltation. The second part examines the libretto as poetical creation for the writers : we ponder over the opportunity given by opera writing which allows them to express a personal style while adjusting to a medium generally unfamiliar to them. The aim is then to question the aesthical contributions which writers were able to bring to the libretto in so far as the calling in of a « specialist » could appear, in the eyes of their collaboraters, as a guarantee of literary quality. Can this participation allow opera writing to enter the sphere of literature ?
Thorel-Cailleteau, Sylvie. "Naturalisme et décadence : une approche du roman entre 1857 et 1914." Paris 4, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA040146.
Full textThe purpose of this thesis is to elucidate the terms of a correlation between two aesthetics usually considered antinomic, to understand the trail of thoughts of novelists,such as Huysmans,who went from one aesthetic to the other,and to examine from then the evolution of the Novel. .
Ndiaye, Assane Faye. "La place et le rôle du romanesque dans la poétique d'Émile Zola." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015GREAL014/document.
Full textLes Rougon-Macquart, a huge literary composition containing twenty novels, is in many respects the most prominent testimony of Zola's poetic narrative. This poetics is grounded on the guiding principles of Naturalism that Emile Zola, prominent leader of this movement has developed in his various writings, as literary theoretician and critic. Among the features that Zola attributed to the naturalist story is the refusal to use "romance" in the poetics of his work. The adjective “novelistic" certainly derived from the radical of "novel". But taken in its noun form, romance has to do with the genre of the novel and the complex relationships as demonstrated by Jean-Marie Schaeffer for instance. It is worth recalling with this one the linguistic origin of the term and its evolution, and the semantic shift that propels the notion out of its literary context. To understand this concept, it is useful to replace it, as it does in an Anglo-Saxon context. Because, in English, one can distinguish between romance, which can be translated into French by "roman romanesque", and novel, which is the equivalent of "novel that has a realistic target." "Romance" has thus a double meaning: it refers to what relates to the novel as a genre, but also what is unique to the novel as romance. In this sense, it has become, over the centuries, pejorative: it indeed refers to a painting of idyllic passions, led to their extremes to graze the improbable. One can thus understand that the theoreticians of the novel, especially in the nineteenth century - the time when the genre aspired seriously and developed realistic aesthetics - are attacking some of their predecessors for not giving a realistic picture of things, to provide an idealized representation of life in which good triumphs over evil, the noble sentiments prevail over evil thoughts and where the representation of passions reached immeasurable proportions.Thus, if we refer to the principles of Naturalism applied in the poetics of Zola's story, we realize that the romance in its thematic design (through that by which we mean the idyllic painting of passions and the world) and not generic, is aside from the beginnings of the current. Zola criticizes indeed the behavior of his contemporaries and his predecessors whom he accuses of misleading the reader in childish dreams, in a too abstract painting of life. The nineteenth century, which saw the affirmation of science and its methods, Zola led to a sharp break with the past poetic novel. It is clear from that moment that Zola does not want to do the same in the stories that have rocked his adolescence; he intends to stand out from the ghosts of dreams, the novels of gods and heroes, characters of an unattainable aspiration because they are too abstract. For this avowed purpose, he is armed with science and its methods of analysis to conquer a fair and truthful representation of reality in the literary work, the novel in this case. Thus, since the "romance" is marked by a very strong negative axiologisation in its non-literary meaning and in which emerging "connotations of sentimentality or kitsch", it is then automatically disqualified by Zola's concept of the novel.Nevertheless, one can ponder over the reality of the ouster of romance in the story and in Zola's fiction. Can you imagine a poetic novel that manages to completely break with the usual schemes and the constituents of a genre to its origins, and conveyed by a secular tradition? It is interesting to wonder whether the romance is taken back into the work of Zola or not? It is these differences that have emerged between the actual poetics of the work and the theoretical statements of the author that we have studied in this thesis
Scharf, Fabian. "L'Utopie dans les dernières oeuvres d'Émile Zola (1898-1903)." Paris 4, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA040254.
Full textThis research is dedicaded to the development of utopian thought in Emile Zola’s last works : “Paris” (1898), “Fécondité” (1899), “L’Ouragan”, “Travail” (1901), “L’Enfant roi”, “Sylvanire ou Paris en amour” (1902), and “Vérité” (1903). Zola announces his ideal society in first tales (“Contes à Ninon”, 1864) and novels and in his “Rougon-Macquart” series (1871-1893). In “Paris”, utopian thought starts from the ideological and polemical discourses engaged by the founding hero Pierre Froment, who opposes the decadent society of the end of the 19th century. In “Fcondité” the Froment family founds an ideal farm and colonies in Africa. In “Travail”, Luc Froment builds the City of Felicity of the 20th century by which Zola imagines a technological, scientific and artistic utopia. In “Vérité”, the author develops an educational program for the future. Finally, we are analyzing Zola’s eugenic ideas and the influence on his last novels by Charles Fourier as well as by anarchist and collectivist thinkers
Ménard, Sophie. "« Les Guenilles humaines » ou les aveux du corps. Poétique de la révélation psychophysiologique dans l’œuvre d’Émile Zola." Thesis, Paris 10, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA100027.
Full textThis master’s thesis undertakes Émile Zola’s work towards a poetic consideration and the psycho-physiology revelation. It attempts to explain the structure, scientist and imaginary, of the analogical and metaphoric connections of the body and the spirit, which elaborate around the problems of the confession. During all the 19th century, the establishment of conformity between the physical and the psychic indicates the interest of the human sciences for the parallelism, the semiology and the taxonomy. It expresses especially the idea of a revealing language, symbolic of the interiority of the individual. Émile Zola does not escape this attraction for the eloquent functions from the body which animates the era. The truth in naturalist regime is produced by the body, because on him and in him are read the phenomena of the psyche, which are successively conscious and unconscious. The examination of the psycho-physiological demonstrations in the zolien novel depicted the importance of automatic mobility in the process of revelation. The spontaneous activity of the physical appearance and the psychic indicates the inexpressible one, the unknown and the indescribable of the character
Jeon, Hye-Jeong. "L'imaginaire d'Emile Zola autour du mythe du Paradis : à la recherche des étoiles du bourbier." Grenoble 3, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994GRE39034.
Full textThe myth and the mythical are the first means of representing and perceiving the real, of overcoming the dilemmas which man postulates. In spite of the mimetics, documentative and scientistic will which permeates emile zola's naturalism, his narrative work is suject to the demands of the myth and the mythical, the existence of which can facilitate the emotional involvement of readers whose culture and historicity removed the time of the work's poetic genesis. The fundamental mythical underpinning by zola, who professed the "effect of the real", is apparent first of all through his recourse to the myth of heaven which is manifestly set out in "la faute de l'abbe mouret". Using the methodology of the imaginary estabished by gilbert durand, as a basis, we have been able to note how the mythical figure of heaven is incorporated not only into the novel mentioned above, but also how it constitutes, latently, an imaginary geography in zola's work as a whole. It is through a comparison of texts written at different times that the recurrent theme of heaven has emerged, relating to the mystical regime which itself emphasizes unity and cohesion of the elements, amassing schemata of integration, of concentration and of compatibility. But heavenly pathos stems from the realization of man's fallen state. With zola, therefore, in contrast to the themes of heaven, there looms the catamorphic universe whose expression through myth transforms the scientific nature of hereditary determinism into the fatum of the ancients, and raises the historical framework of the rougon-macquart to the rank of cosmogony. But the poetics of heaven plays down the dichotomic relations of the networks of the image that governs the world of the fallen and at the same time prepares the regime of combined images, by way of symbols which the very topology of heaven suggests : flora, the earth, the tree. Thus zola's imaginative world of the myth of heaven depicts the sometimes confrontational, sometimes mystical, sometimes even disseminative clash with real
Beillacou, Florence. "Tuer l'idéal. L'anti-romantisme de Zola et des naturalistes." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018USPCA121.
Full textFrom the beginning of his literary career, Zola fought against Romanticism.This opposition allowed him to build the unity of the Naturalist movement, a movement which first sprung into existence with the publication of "Evenings at Médan" (1880), the collection of short stories co-written with Céard, Maupassant, Hennique, Alexis and Huysmans. Naturalist authors, united by their hatred for Romanticism, joined forces against yesteryears’ dominant movement to defend a new aesthetics and a new school of thought: Naturalism. Thanks to Zola’s efforts to publicise this controversy, Naturalists gained visibility in the press and the publishing sector. It is largely through this opposition to Romanticism that Naturalists developed their own, deeply anti-idealistic aesthetics, and defined their positions on issues such as literature’s relation to society and politics. Their anti-Romantic stance further shaped their works of fiction. Naturalist characters often appeared as victims of Romantic culture. Moreover, Naturalist authors developed their critical discourse by dismantling clichés considered as typically Romantic. Through the novel’s metadiscourse, they inserted anti-Romantic polemic in the fiction, in an often critical and self-reflexive way
Terashima, Miyuki. "Le discours de 'l'intime' dans les 'Rougon-Macquart' : Etude d'une trilogie romanesque : la Joie de vivre, L’OEuvre, Le Docteur Pascal." Thesis, Paris 3, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA030064/document.
Full textThis study focuses on the two themes which the word “ intimacy ” refers to : firstly private life in a family, and secondly internal conscience of each individual. Due to the dual meaning of this word, two mainstream themes in the 19th century literature were formed : presentation of familial life and autobiography. In considering “ intimacy ” in naturalism, which have not been taken up until now, the autobiographic nature of Zola’s novels will be brought to light, as compared to autobiography in romanticism. This study examines and analyses three particularly autobiographical novels from total twenty volumes of the Rougon-Macquart series : La Joie de vivre (1884), L’OEuvre (1886) and Le Docteur Pascal (1893), considering those novels as a trilogy. Those three pieces clearly reflect the duality of “ intimacy ”, in depicting family life of the protagonist and, at the same time, the interior mind of Zola who appears as his alter ego. In La Joie de vivre, Zola, as a pessimist suffering neurosis, is depicted through Lazare. In L’OEuvre, Zola, based upon his experience as an art critic, demonstrates his artistic vision through the painter Claude. In Le Docteur Pascal, Zola’s confession full of optimism, contrary to the past after having concluded his works in the Rougon-Macquart series, is reflected in Pascal who is a philosophical scientist. This study analyses how Zola, who has been deemed as a naturalist in sharp contrast to an autobiographical writer, has taken the theme of “ intimacy ” into his novels through his own experience in private life, and how he produced the trilogy novels which are fiction and, at the same time, autobiographical pieces
Mottet, Annie. "Martin du Gard, Renoir, Lang et La Bête humaine : la fabrique d'une adaptation." Paris 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA010572.
Full textThis thesis aims at studying three cinematographic adaptations of Zola' s novel, the human beast: Martin du Gard unpublished screenplay (1933), Renoir's film (The human beast, 1938) and Lang's (Human desire, 1954). The thesis consists of two parts. The first one is a genetic analysis of the different reamaining drafts. The first chapter deals with martin du gard's cinematigraphic ideas. In the second one, the differences between Renoir's drafts and his film have been listed to determine which scenes have been rewritten. In the third chapter we have shown how the scriptwriters (hayes, boehm) progressively distanciated themselves with renoir's model and how lang, through his film direction, tried to assert his personal vision of Zola's novel. The second part of the thesis is a comparative study of the french adaptations only. We have established the differences between the story and the narration in the first chapter and between the characters in the second chapter in order to find out the methods of adaptation characterising Martin du Gard and Renoir in the last chapter we have shown how both authors tool great liberties with the novel so as to be more faithful to their personal aesthetic ideas. Therefore, through a study of cases, the aim of the thesis is not to propose a theory of adaptation but to analyse different types of praxis, using to this purpose the. .
Roussignol, Ines. "L'apport des théories scientifiques (expérimentales et médicales) dans le vocabulaire rural, scientifique et général d'Émile Zola." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017USPCD004/document.
Full textÉmile Zola tells his vision about the scientific progress in concordance with the literary doctrine of naturalism and the historical and scientific context of the Second French Empire, in the sociological context of the rural exodus of the end of the nineteenth century characterizing the French contryside. Combining these three decisive facts, Zola manages to deliver a strong masterpiece containing a type of scientificity non conforming to the ideal literary and social canons of the time. He relies on Claude Bernard’s doctrines of experimental method and Prosper Lucas’heredity and the others medical practitioners. The predominance of scientific, hereditary, alcoholic and violent semantic fields defines the use of common vocabulary based on thematics and specific lexical networks. The peasant is depicted as a violent, ignorant, non educated, pagan, alcoholic, brutish, being clannish and attracted by the lucre. Zola oppose the science et the religion for promoting his progressive ideas
Simonin, Chantal. "Heinrich Mann et la France." Paris 4, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA040065.
Full textThis study is a global approach of H. Mann's life and work and of his democracy-concept, which he elaborated through the reception of great texts from French Literature (Michelet: History of French Revolution; Zola) and through his reception and analysis around 1904 of the Dreyfus-Affair (1898). It demonstrates in the work of H. Mann's the continuity between the satirical view of the wilhelminian Monarchy (Der Untertan 1914) and the great biography of Henri IV (1935-1938) in the exile-years. This study is also a demonstration of the tenacity that H. Mann employed in building his own personality as "intellectuel à la française. "
Grenaud, Céline. "L'image de l'hystérie dans la littérature de la seconde moitié du XIXe siècle notamment dans "Germinie Lacerteux" d'Edmond et Jules de Goncourt, "L'Evangéliste" d'Alphonse Daudet, "L'hystérique" de Camille Lemonnier, "L'Abbé Jules" d'Octave Mirbeau, "Là-bas" de Joris-Karl Huysmans et "Lourdes" d'Emile Zola." Paris 4, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA040119.
Full textHysteria, the uterine fury of Antiquity and Great Neurosis of modernity is the stumbling block against which every objectivizing thought comes up. This study shows how the elusive Proteus was perceived by the authors of the second half of the nineteenth century, particularly by the Goncourts in Germinie Lacerteux, Daudet in L'Évangéliste, Lemonnier in L'Hystérique, Mirbeau in L'Abbé Jules, Huysmans in Là-Bas and Zola in Lourdes. Replaced in its context, hysteria looks like the pathology that is the most capable of reflecting the agonies of a time actually convulsive too. It is presented like a very disturbing spring-loaded object whose tragic opaqueness, uterine ethymology and endemic nature are as many sources to fantasize about. "La Grande Fallace" (the Great Deceptive one), ultimately, leads on to a primordial mythology, questions the authenticity of reality, reflects the mimetic ambitions of fiction and borrows a disordered style and narratology from literature
Younes, Kaddis Youssef Anwar. "La société bourgeoise française au XIXe et au XXe siècle vue par les écrivains contemporains." Strasbourg, 2011. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/public/theses_doctorat/2011/YOUNES_KADDIS_YOUSSEF_Anwar_2011.pdf.
Full textWriting history by depending on the literature may seem surprising. Thus history can be seen as a human science its purpose is the study of the past, while the literature book written within a culture, age and gender. So we can say that the literature can serve as a literary source as well as any other historical document. Consequently, I do not find its difficult to select some literary works that serve my research and help me to describe the bourgeois community at that time as correct as possible. The study is divided into four parts. The first part is examining the bourgeois community, during the Restoration and the July Monarchy, according to Balzac's Father Goriot. In the second part of the thesis, i discussed the bourgeois community during the Second French Empire through the works of of Georges Feydeau and those of Zola. The third part is entitled « bourgeois community at the beginning of First World War as seen by Roger Martin du Gard. » and the last part of the thesis deals with the French bourgeois community between the two major wars according to the autobiography of Simone de Beauvoir « Memoirs of a willful Daughter ». [. . . ]
Rykner, Arnaud. "Dramaturgie du silence de l'âge classique à Maeterlinck." Paris 4, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA040319.
Full textFrom 1620-1630 to the beginning of the XXth century,in France,the concept of 'theatre' was enlarged. Before Diderot,french drama was based upon dialogue alone and rejected silence,which seldom happened. .
Bastin-Hélary, Fleur. "Le Roman viril : fictions et dictions du féminin chez Zola : des Contes à Ninon à Justice." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014STRAC007.
Full textThe Zolian novel is eminently talkative. It is not easy to point out where the voice comes from ; who gives and takes the right to speak, be it the narrator or his doubles – men of the Church or of the State, men of business, letters or science. What is obvious however, is that this voice which permeates the officially objective narrative of the realistic novel is infallibly a masculine one. Informed, authorized, even authoritarian, the masculine discourse takes on the feminine one by either silencing it, or allowing it to approve of, sometimes to reiterate obediently, the elementary “truths” about itself. This is not only about chasing the stigmatizing tendencies of a discourse typical of certain characters, but also about grasping the effects of this discourse on the female readers ; the dumb, fancied listeners to the tyrannical pedagogy of a writer who was both influenced by the stereotypes of his time and stirred by an original reformist spirit
Delolme, François. "Esthétique de la fiction naturaliste à la fin du XIXe siècle. Un disciple et ami d'Emile Zola ˸ Paul Alexis." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018USPCA081.
Full textPaul Alexis (1847-1901) is mainly known as the closest friend of Zola. This is quoted as his main characteristic, almost as his unique definition. He is usually forgotten to be mentioned as also a writer who was very dedicated to a cause which had a huge significance in his life : Naturalism. This thesis tries to explore this double perspective. By studying books and newspaper articles written by this author, this work aims on the one hand, to explore his relationship with Zola, and, on the other hand, to focus on his personal designs, his deep convictions, as well as his connections with the other members of the movement. Primarily, in order to achieve this, this thesis scrutinises his personal and literary links with Zola. It shows the everyday life of a friendship which went through many challenges and changes. It analyses the striking moments which occurred during the course of their lives. It emphasises their common points of thought and tries to highlight the differences between the author of Germinal and the writer of Madam Meuriot, the last appearing to be the ultimate upholder of the naturalistic theories. Then, this project strives to precisely explain the personal ideas of this novelist, according to his theoretical views and to his works of fiction. It observes his restless involvement and the fights he led for the sake of his favourite topics such as : journalism, arts, theatre, politics... Finally, this work describes the actions Alexis carried out at the side of Zola, at the heart of the circle of Médan, but also in a more autonomous way, during major events in which he participated. This paper aims to clarify the huge issues he faced, such as the rise of naturalism or the Dreyfus affair, for example. The ultimate purpose of this PhD is to consider this character often slandered, sometimes neglected, a man who was more than a fellow traveller of Emile Zola
Rezeanu, Ioana-Cătălina. "Les échos dix-neuviémistes dans l'oeuvre de Michel Houellebecq : Balzac, Zola, Huysmans, Auguste Comte, Schopenhauer, Nietzsche, Lamartine, Baudelaire." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017AIXM0190.
Full textAt the origin of this study lies the invocation by Michel Houellebecq of the nineteenth-century readings that marked his youth and also his clear opposition to writers of the XXth century to whom he prefers the writings of the XIXth century. Our interest was aroused by his constant references and allusions to names such as Balzac, Zola, Huysmans, Auguste Comte, Schopenhauer, Nietzsche, Lamartine, Baudelaire. What do they have to say to him? If Michel Houellebecq moves towards this period of the past, it is because it coincides with the first anti-modern protests against the coldness of liberalism, of capitalism, the irreligious spirit, that is against the three evils which are responsible for the disruption of the (post)modern social structure.The first part of our comparative analysis introduces the novels of Houellebecq into realism - an echo to Balzac -, to naturalism - in reference to Zola, relating to decadence - evoking Huysmans. The second is the thread of philosophical reasoning of Auguste Comte, Schopenhauer and Nietzsche, of which Houellebecq feeds his judgments about love and religion, under the influence of a resentment sometimes discreet, sometimes sharp. The last part also enters on the territory of the Houellebecq poetry. In echo to Lamartine and Baudelaire we will discover a Houellebecq enlightened by a sensitivity that he uses in prophetic projects with utopian or dystopian reach. His work certainly belongs to the postmodern literary tradition, but it has the merit of revalorizing the voices of the romantics and the first witnesses of modern times