Relevant bibliographies by topics / Zomba

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  2. Dissertations / Theses
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Academic literature on the topic 'Zomba'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 15 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Zomba"

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Kananji, Bakali. "Determination of the origin of Widdringtonianodiflora on Zomba Mountain in Malawi by the aid of allozymes." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 20, no. 11 (November 1, 1990): 1814–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x90-243.

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Five enzymes (α-esterase, β-esterase, glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase, malate dehydrogenase, and 6-phosphogluconic dehydrogenase) were scored in diploid tissue for 14 loci to determine the probable origin of the seed used to establish the plantation of Widdringtonianodiflora (L.) Powrie on Zomba Mountain, Malawi. Samples were drawn from the Zomba plantation and from Chambe and Thuchila natural forests on Mulanje Mountain. There were departures from Hardy–Weinberg expectations at most loci, which is a result of a deficiency in heterozygotes. Both the unweighted pair group method and single linkage clustering using genetic distances showed that the Zomba Mountain plantation seed source is more closely related to the Chambe population than to the Thuchila population.
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Pullanikkatil, Deepa, Stanley Mubako, Welton Phalira, Sosten Chiotha, and Michael Luhanga. "Schistosomiasis prevalence in Zomba, Southern Malawi." African Geographical Review 33, no. 1 (January 2, 2014): 36–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19376812.2013.861758.

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Hoko, Zvikomborero, and Jessy Alida Chipwaila. "Investigating unaccounted for water and its components in Zomba City water supply system, Malawi." Journal of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene for Development 7, no. 3 (July 14, 2017): 495–506. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/washdev.2017.003.

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This study assessed Unaccounted for Water (UFW) in Zomba City, Malawi in 2009 and quantified its real and apparent loss components. The study was carried out in the period January–May 2009 and focussed on three selected water supply zones (Airwing, Malonje and Sadzi) especially for determination of the components of non-revenue water (NRW). Field measurements of flow and utility records formed the basis of the study. It was established that the NRW for Zomba for the period 1999–2008 ranged from 20 to 36%. During the study period, the average UFW in the specific study areas was 13% of which 81% were real losses (Airwing); 62% with 58% real losses (Malonje); and 51% with 60% real losses (Sadzi). It was concluded that UFW for 2009 Zomba was above 23%, achieved by good performing water utilities in developing countries. Real losses were higher than apparent losses in all three specific study areas and this was driven by pressure. The study recommends real loss reduction through pipe replacement and improved pressure management, and apparent loss reduction through improved metering. Reduction of water losses is imperative in the wake of climate change and the need to attain Sustainable Development Goals.
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Schmidt, Marco, Stefan Dressler, Florian Jabbour, and Elke Faust. "Auf der Jagd nach Ritterspornen in Malawi – Eindrücke von einer Sammel- und Fotoexpedition." Der Palmengarten 84, no. 1 (August 24, 2020): 57–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.21248/palmengarten.539.

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Sefasi, A. P. "Impact of care and support rendered by families on schizophrenic patients following discharge." European Psychiatry 26, S2 (March 2011): 1504. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0924-9338(11)73208-4.

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IntroductionWe recruited patients with schizophrenia four weeks post-discharge from Zomba mental hospital and followed them for six months to find out if care and support had an impact on their staying well and avoid relapse in their local communities.ObjectiveTo establish skills and knowledge family members hold to take care of their schizophrenic relative.AimsWe hypothesized that good support and care would be positively associated with good recovery and reduced relapse rate among schizophrenic patients.MethodThis Study was carried out in Zomba city and areas surrounding Zomba mental hospital. We used both quantitative and qualitative approach to research; simple random sampling was used to get a sample of 70 participants in this study. In-depth interviews were used to collect data from discharged schizophrenic patients while focus group discussion was used to get views of family members and nurses who take part in provision of care and support.ResultsOur findings indicate that where patients following discharge receive good support and care from family members the rate of relapse becomes low and patients also live a more productive life in society. However, 31% of family members felt they had no knowledge as how to handle their sick relative at home hence they were unsure on what to do to help.ConclusionWe recommend to intensify carer educatioin order to equip guardians with necessary knowledge which will in the long run reduce re-admissions and hence congestion in mental hospitals.
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Mhango, SN, A. Kalimbira, and B. Mwagomba. "Anthropometric Characteristics and the Burden of Altered Nutritional Status among Neuropsychiatric Patients at Zomba Mental Hospital in Zomba, Malawi." Malawi Medical Journal 27, no. 2 (August 7, 2015): 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/mmj.v27i2.2.

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Grade, Matthias, Jörg Felber, Anja Gessner, Olaf Bach, Oliver Bader, and Henning Mothes. "Endemisch auftretendes Ösophaguskarzinom in Malawi." Flugmedizin · Tropenmedizin · Reisemedizin - FTR 24, no. 04 (August 2017): 177–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-113748.

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ZusammenfassungDas Ösophaguskarzinom tritt im südöstlichen Afrika endemisch auf. In Malawi, welches zu den ärmsten Ländern der Welt zählt, rangiert es noch vor der AIDS-Epidemie in allen Altersgruppen gleich verteilt mit einer Prävalenz von 12 % an erster Stelle. Laut Studien von Ferlay, Soerjomataram et al. (2014) erreicht die Inzidenz sogar 22,7/100 000, gefolgt von China mit 20,1/100 000 und fungiert damit weltweit an erster Stelle. Die Ätiologie dieses Plattenepithelkarzinoms ist unklar. Neben Toxinen werden auch spezielle Viren oder spezielle Ernährungsgewohnheiten für die Genese diskutiert. Aufgrund nicht vorhandener medizinischer Ressourcen haben die betroffenen Menschen in dieser Region kaum eine Perspektive. Chirurgische Optionen und chemotherapeutische Protokolle existieren de facto nicht. Im Oktober 2014 startete ein spezielles Förderprogramm ausgehend von Jenaer Chirurgen mit dem Ziel, ein Stentprojekt im Zomba Central Hospital zu implementieren. Das sogenannte „Ein-Stent-Ein-Leben-Projekt“. Das Zomba Central Hospital ist eines von 4 Krankenhäusern der Maximalversorgung in Malawi und hat ein Einzugsgebiet von etwa 2 Mio. Einwohnern.
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Udedi, Michael. "Electroconvulsive Therapy Service Provision at Zomba Mental Hospital, Malawi." Journal of ECT 30, no. 4 (December 2014): e49-e50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/yct.0000000000000166.

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Van Kol, Willemijn. "Ummah in Zomba: Transnational Influences on Reformist Muslims in Malawi." Journal of Muslim Minority Affairs 28, no. 3 (December 2008): 435–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13602000802548102.

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Kaphagawani, Nanzen Caroline, and Ezekiel Kalipeni. "Sociocultural factors contributing to teenage pregnancy in Zomba district, Malawi." Global Public Health 12, no. 6 (September 30, 2016): 694–710. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17441692.2016.1229354.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Zomba"

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Udedi, Michael Mphatso MacDonald. "Health service utilization by patients with common mental disorder identified by the SRQ-20 in a primary care setting in Zomba, Malawi : a descriptive study." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/85581.

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Thesis (MPhil)-- Stellenbosch University, 2013.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Background: Health service utilization by people with mental health problems seem to be a large public health issue, especially in low-income countries. In Malawi, the situation is not different from other developing countries in Sub-Saharan Africa as far as access to services for people with mental health problems is concerned. Non specialized health care workers provide mental health services in the primary care settings in Malawi and, given the workload at primary health care (PHC) setting level, little time is available to screen for mental disorders, hence these may go unrecognized. Therefore, there is a possibility that a significant proportion of patients attending primary care in Malawi may have common mental disorders (CMD) and may be deprived of routine screening. Consequently, the possibility of misdiagnosis may lead to higher service utilization by people with common mental health problems. However, no study has been carried out to assess the health service utilization by people with common mental disorders in Malawi. Aim: The aim of the study was to evaluate health services utilization patterns of patients with CMDs in primary care clinics. Methods: This was a quantitative study employing a cross-sectional descriptive design. The study was conducted in two primary health care clinics in one of the 28 districts in Malawi. The study included all consecutive patients aged 18 years and older who attended the primary health care clinics for any reason. Face-to-face interviews using the Self-Reporting Questionnaires (SRQ-20) were conducted in a sample of 323 primary health care attendees. Findings: The prevalence of probable CMD was 20.1%. People with CMD had a higher average number of health facility visits in the previous three months compared to those without probable CMD thus 1.6 vs. 1.19 (p-value 0.02). There was no significant difference in the average number of traditional healer visits in the previous three months between those with probable CMD and those without thus 0.05 vs. 0.08 (p-value = 0.565). The total average number of both health facility and traditional healer visits was 1.68 vs. 1.24 (p-value 0. 019), people with probable CMD having a higher average compared to those without a probable CMD. It was found that people who have visited the health care facility repeatedly in the past 3 months were likely to be suffering from CMD. The odds of probable CMD increased with each visit to a health facility by 1.2 (p-value=0.024). Almost all those who had probable CMD had no treatment prescribed for CMD by PHC clinicians. Conclusion: The study reveals high utilization of health services for people with CMD, as well as a treatment gap of mental health care in primary care settings. PHC workers are misdiagnosing patients with CMDs leading to high utilization of PHC services. There is need for PHC workers to improve skills in diagnosing patients with CMD to make PHC services more effective by reducing re-attendances and improving patient outcomes. There is also need to direct effort towards creating awareness about mental health and encourage patient disclosure of psychological or mental health problems.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Agtergrond: Dit blyk dat veral in lae-inkomste lande, die gebruik van gesondheidsdienste onder mense met geestesgesondheidsprobleme `n kwellende gesondheidskwessie te wees. Malawi, soos ander ontwikkelende lande in Sub-Sahara Afrika, ervaar die probleem van toegang tot gesondheidsdienste vir mense met geestesgesondheidsprobleme. In die primêre gesondheidsdienste in Malawi, word pasiënte met geestesgesondheidsprobleme behandel, deur algemene gesondheidswerkers wat nie gespesialiseerd is in geestesgsondheid. Verder veroorsaak die arbeidslas in primêre gesondheidsorg dat daar nie altyd tyd is om pasiënte voldoende vir geestesgversteurings te ondersoek nie. Dit is daarom moontlik dat `n merkwaardige aantal pasiënte wat gebruik maak van primêre gesondheidsorg in Malawi aan algemene geestesversteurings lei, maar hulle word nie voldoende ondersoek nie en gevolglik word hulle of nie gediagnoseer nie of verkeerdelik gediagnoseer. Dit kan daartoe lei dat `n groter aantal pasiënte, met algemene geestesversteurings, gebruik maak van primêre gesondheidsdienste. Die probleem is dat daar nog geen navorsing in Malawi gedoen is, oor die gebruik van gesondheidsdienste onder mense met algemene geestesversteurings. Doelwit: Die doel van die studie is om pasiënte, met algemene geestesversteurings, se gebruik van primêre gesondheidsorg klinieke te ondersoek. Metodes: `n Dwarssnee kwantitatiewe beskrywende studie-ontwerp was gebruik. Data-insameling het by twee primêre gesondheidsorg klinieke, in een van die 28 distrikte in Malawi, plaasgevind. Pasiënte, 18-jaar en ouer, wat die primêre gesondheidsklinieke vir enige rede besoek het, was ingesluit in die studie. Die steekproef het bestaan uit 323 pasiënte wat gebruik gemaak het van primêre gesondheidsorg klinieke. Onderhoude was met pasiënte gevoer deur middel van `n self-relaas vraelys (ook verwys na as „Self-Reporting Questionnaires‟). Bevindinge: Daar was `n voorkomssyfer van 20.1% pasiënte wat waarskynlik aan algemene geestesversteurings gelei het. Mense wat waarskynlik aan algemene geestesversteurings gelei het, het in `n tydperk van drie maande gemiddeld meer gebruik gemaak van gesondheidsdienste, in vergelyking met diegene wat waarskynlik nie aan algemene geestesversteurings gelei het nie, dus 1.6 teenoor 1.19 (p-waarde van 0.02). In die gegewe drie maande was daar geen betekenisvolle verskil in die gemiddelde aantal besoeke afgelê aan tradisionele geneeshere deur pasiënte wat waarskynlik aan algemene geestesversteurings gelei het, in vergelyking met diegene wat waarskynlik nie aan geestesversteurings gelei het nie, dus 0.05 teenoor 0.08 (p-waarde= 0.565). In totaal het diegene met geestesversteuring ook gemiddeld meer besoeke, 1.68 teenoor 1.24 (p-waarde 0.019), aan beide gesondheidsorg en traditionele geneeshere afgelê het, as diegene wat waarskynlik nie aan geestesversteurings gelei het nie. Die bevindinge dui daarop dat mense wat in die afgelope drie maande herhaaldelik gebruik gemaak het van gesondheidsdienste, waarskynlik aan algemene geestesversteurings gelei het. Die moontlikheid dat `n pasiënt aan `n algemene geestesversteuring gelei het, het met 1.2 (p-waarde=0.024) verhoog met elke besoek aan die gesondheidsdienste. Byna al die pasiënte wat waarskynlik aan `n algemene geestesversteuring gelei het, het nie behandeling ontvang nie. Gevolgtrekking: Daar is bevind dat mense met algemene geestesversteurings geredelik gebruik maak van gesondheidsdienste en dat daar `n gaping is in die voorsiening van geestesgesondheidsdienste in primêre gesondheidsfasiliteite. Primêre gesondheidsorg personeel se hantering van pasiënte lei daartoe dat pasiënte met algemene geestesversteurings meer geredelik gebruik maak van primêre gesondheidsorg. Daar is `n behoefte aan die verbetering van primêre gesondheidsorg personeel se vaardighede en vermoë om pasiënte met geestesversteuring te diagnoseer en sodoende ook herhaaldelike besoeke te verminder en die gesondheidsuitkomste van pasiente te verbeter. Daar is `n behoefte aan groter bewusmaking van geestesgesondheid en om pasiënte aan te moedig om hulle sielkundige en geestesgesondheidsprobleme aan personeel te openbaar.
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Ullberg, Malin. "Temporal water quality study of the heavily human-impacted Likangala River, Zomba, Malawi." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för geovetenskaper, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-243347.

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River water is used for a range of purposes, for example irrigation, laundry, hygiene, mining of sand, as drinking water and for disposal of wastes and wastewater. These anthropogenic activities, along with agriculture and the local climate and geology will have effects on the water quality, and by extension the people living in the area. This study intends to evaluate the water quality of Likangala River, which is a perennial river in southern Malawi, during hot dry season linking it to the activities present in the direct vicinity of the urban segment of the river. A small land use survey was carried out, and eight points for water sampling chosen for analysis of a set of physio-chemical water quality parameters. Also an estimate of the water discharge of the time was made. It was found that most parameters were within the guidelines for drinking water set up by WHO (2011) and Malawi Bureau of Standards (MBS, 2008), although turbidity, manganese, iron, chromium and lead showed elevated levels. Some, but not all, parameters showed a trend with low values upstream the city and higher values downstream (except pH with a inverse trend), and almost all parameters were significantly higher in the effluents from the Zomba Sewage Works, and also directly afterwards.
Flodvatten används för en rad olika ändamål, exempelvis bevattning, tvätt, hygien, utvinning av sand, som dricksvatten och för avyttrande av avfall och avloppsvatten. Dessa mänskliga verksamheter, tillsammans med effekter av jordbruk samt det lokala klimatet och geologin kommer att påverka vattenkvaliteten, och i förlängningen de människor som bor i området. Denna studie avser att utvärdera vattenkvaliteten i Likangala, som är en flod i södra Malawi, under heta torrperioden och koppla denna till de verksamheter som finns i dess direkta närhet längs den urbana sträckningen av floden. En liten kartläggning av markanvändning genomfördes, och åtta platser för vattenprovtagning valdes ut för analys av ett antal fysio-kemiska vattenkvalitets- parametrar. Också en uppskattning av vattenföring gjordes. Det visade sig att de flesta parametrar var inom riktlinjerna för dricksvatten som inrättats av WHO (2011) och Malawi Bureau of Standards (MBS, 2008), även om turbiditet, mangan, järn, krom och bly visade förhöjda halter. Vissa, men inte alla, parametrar visade en trend med låga värden uppströms staden och högre värden nedströms (förutom pH med en inverterad trend), och nästan alla parametrar var betydligt högre i spillvattnet från Zomba vattenreningsverk, och även direkt efteråt.
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Lundgren, Sandra. "Efficiency of two wastewater treatment plants situated in Zomba, Malawi." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Luft-, vatten och landskapslära, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-201901.

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Makocho, Paul Mike Oscar Kenala. "HIV/AIDS education in Malawi : the case of Zomba urban secondary schools." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.590307.

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The needs of young people in classroom based HIV/AIDS Education in Malawi, the extent to which current classroom practices respond to these needs, and the factors influencing these responses have been explored using questionnaires, interviews, lesson observations, and document analysis. In contrast to previously reported literature on HIVIAIDS Education in Malawi, the present study has drawn pupils' needs directly from the pupils' themselves, focussed on classroom practice, and triangulated the various data sets to give a comprehensive picture of HIV/AIDS Education in Malawi. Pupils identified a need for open discussion climates on HIV/AIDS issues despite a conservative cultural and religious adult world that is not open. They also identified a need for explicit and accurate knowledge on HIVIAIDS issues, opportunities to acquire behavioural skills for HIV prevention, and involvement of external speakers. The needs of the pupils have not been adequately addressed by the current classroom practice. Factors which influenced this can be linked to lack of policies that are responsive to culture and religion, ineffective and inadequate teaching policy guidelines, and lack of a policy prioritising HIV/AIDS education by making it examinable. The findings suggest that in future, effective HIV/AIDS Education needs to be informed by the pupils' needs. To address these needs, support from the wider society and related policies, coupled with appropriate management and classroom practice will be required.
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Singogo, Emmanuel. "Modelling survival in HIV cohorts with applications to data from Zomba, Malawi." Thesis, Lancaster University, 2016. http://eprints.lancs.ac.uk/88130/.

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The Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) pandemic still remains a major public health concern worldwide. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that approximately over 70% of people living with HIV in the world are in sub-Saharan region. Malawi is one of the worst affected countries in sub-Saharan Africa with prevalence reaching up to 16% in some areas. Recent study reports, largely in Africa, comparing outcomes for HIV patients with Kaposi’s sarcoma (HIV/KS) and HIV patients without KS indicate poor prognosis and poor health outcomes amongst HIV patients with KS. While efforts are being made to improve the management and care for the HIV/KS patient group, there is also need for continued efforts to better understand the survival patterns in this patients. The work presented in this thesis attempts to investigate the survival patterns in different patient subgroups in HIV cohorts in Malawi by using advanced and novel statistical techniques with an ultimate aim of informing targeted patient treatment and management practices. In this thesis, we aim to address the following four objectives; (1) to identify risk factors for mortality among HIV patients diagnosed with Kaposi’s sarcoma during routine initiation of ART, (2) to model the survival pattern among HIV patients diagnosed with KS, (3) to model local geographical variations in survival among HIV patients on ART, (4) to quantify transition dynamics in HIV and TB co-infection using multi-state modelling. For the first two objectives, we considered extended Cox models and parametric models. We also used a novel approach of accounting for high attrition in cohorts in which we used a ’gold-standard’ data to compare survival in our cohort. Sensitivity analyses indicated consistencies in our approach providing an insight into how model results change when using this comparison approach. Overall We noted an early mortality with most patients dying in the first five months after starting HIV treatment. Patients with TB and the patients who started in the early era of ART were significantly at risk of dying. The model diagnostics indicated that (i) a random effects Cox/Log-Gaussian frailty model and (ii) a flexible parametric proportional hazards model, describe the risk of mortality in the HIV/KS patients well. For the third objective, spatial survival models were considered. The study showed existence of possible residual spatial variation in survival after adjusting for age, sex, KS status, TB status and unobserved individual frailties. To further aid our understanding, we used the choropleth maps to indicate areas with substantially high probability of mortality risk at different cut-off values. These results highlight the local geographical variations in survival in HIV populations, an element more often ignored in most studies on HIV data. For the last objective, we considered the homogeneous continuous time multistate Markov models. In this study we found that patients in TB free status had a relatively higher probability of transitioning to being diagnosed with TB compared to dying while in TB free status. However, the cumulative transition hazards for the ’TB free ! death’ transitions compared to the "TB free ! TB infection" transitions were only higher during the early days of HIV treatment. This result emphasize how early periods after starting HIV treatment is crucial to ensure better prognosis. We also noted significant gender differences in the ’TB-free ! death’ transitions. It is anticipated that the findings in this thesis will help to inform treatment and management practices of HIV patients. The findings provide clear outcome pathways taken by HIV/TB patients before experiencing a terminal outcome. More importantly, the findings could help inform policies aimed at improving overall survival in HIV cohorts by establishing targeted patient management and treatment strategies and also formulating a more efficient triage system for care and treatment of particular group of patients.
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Maseko, Heather Nonhlanhla. "The consumption and use of wild foods by children across a deforestation gradient in Zomba District, Malawi." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/3212.

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Despite consensus on their significant nutritional value, wild foods are continually excluded from both food security statistics and economic values of natural resources. Though largely unexplored, there is evidence on the use of wild foods by children to supplement their diets and as a source of income. Children have knowledge on the gathering and hunting of selected wild food species and sources thereof. Wetlands, agro-ecosystems, natural forests, human landscapes and river systems remain important sources of wild food resources. The provision of and access to these resources are significantly affected by the interference and disruption to natural ecosystems. In Malawi, interference has been largely due to deforestation and land use change caused by an interplay of pressures from population growth for development and agricultural expansion. Against this background, the implications of deforestation and vegetation cover on the availability of wild foods and their access and use by children is largely unexplored. Through a comprehensive analysis of data collected from 150 children and 50 elderly men and women, the integration of Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA) exercises and Geographic Information System (GIS), in the four sites of Mpheta, Mtuluma, Kasonga and Makombe in Zomba district, wild foods availability was established and their contribution to the nutritional status of children and households’ food security assessed. Study sites were identified along the deforestation gradient of Lake Chilwa, Zomba Mountain and Shire River basin with an additional focus on varying landscapes. One hundred and twenty species of wild foods were identified with greatest availability in areas of high vegetation cover and the lowest in areas of low vegetation cover, but with meaningful differences per wild food category. There was considerable reduction in the availability of wild foods with increasing deforestation; mainly wild game and fruits species and, in turn, decreased access of these by children. Nevertheless, small game, insects, other wild fruits and wild vegetables thrive well in agro-ecosystems and therefore were minimally affected by deforestation but largely by management practices of those systems and can be possibly improved through the promotion of agro-ecological farming systems. The research reveals that wild foods form an important component of the starch based diets of households from agricultural communities in the various landscapes. Besides securing the household’s food base, all children largely supplemented their diets with wild foods but with increased dependence by children from poorer households who are highly vulnerable to food insecurity. Access and use of wild foods was largely dependent on children’s knowledge, perceptions of the wild food and ease of access, with considerable variations due to gender and socio-cultural norms. Besides contributing to the nutritional status and food security, commercialisation of wild foods was common among children, hence providing them with an alternative livelihood strategy and in some cases only viable source of income.
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Javdani, Marie S. "Stop the Bleeding, Heal the Wound: The Role of Fertilizer Subsidies in Food Security, Zomba District, Malawi." Thesis, University of Oregon, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/10060.

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xiv, 126 p. : ill., map. A print copy of this thesis is available through the UO Libraries. Search the library catalog for the location and call number.
The government of Malawi is being lauded internationally for having ostensibly eliminated hunger within its borders through a subsidy that makes available chemical fertilizers to smallholder farmers. Development scholarship and policy have recently turned toward promoting a "new" Green Revolution in Africa for the establishment of food security and the advancement of economic development. Many view the increased use of chemical fertilizer in Malawian agriculture and the resultant rise in maize yieldsdescribed by such publications as the New York Times as the "Malawi Mirac1e"-as evidence that the prescribed NGR is indeed a recipe for success. This thesis places the subsidy in its historical and theoretical framework and discusses the extent to which production-end strategies accomplish the goals of food security. Also discussed are nonproduction measures that are essential to creating a reliable and accessible food system.
Committee in Charge: Peter A. Walker, Chair; Derrick L. Hindery
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Kumwenda, Khalikapo Morton. "Factors associated with poor adherence to antiretroviral therapy among people living with HIV in Zomba district, Malawi." University of the Western Cape, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/5365.

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Magister Public Health - MPH
The introduction of antiretroviral therapy (ART) brought new hope to HIV patients as it has transformed a fatal disease to a chronic manageable condition. In 2009 there were over 920,000 Malawians infected with HIV and 110,000 new infections. Malawi like other countries in the sub-Saharan Africa has made great strides in ensuring access to ART. The government of Malawi introduced free antiretroviral therapy (ART) in June 2004. By 2010, a total of 250,987 patients in the country were receiving ART. The success of ART requires, amongst others, a sustained adherence rate to medication of more than 95% to prevent viral replication and the development of drug resistant HIV strains. Identifying the factors that influence adherence is essential for the long-term success of public ART programmes. This study explored patient, socio-economic, cultural, and religious and health systems factors that influence adherence to ART in Zomba district in Malawi. An explorative qualitative study was conducted amongst ART patients and health workers in four health facilities in Zomba district of the Southern Region of Malawi. Data collection was through individual in-depth interviews with 25 ART patients and semi-structured key informant interviews with 13 health workers that were actively involved in the ART programme. Data was audio-recorded and transcribed verbatim. Thematic and content analysis of transcribed data was done. The study found high individual commitment, having social support from family and friends and continuous good counselling to be facilitators to adherence to ART. HIV-related stigma and discrimination, none disclosure of HIV status, lack of partner support, travelling to attend funerals and religious beliefs were noted barriers to adherence. Health system factors such as congestion in the clinic, negative staff attitudes and a lack of privacy at the pharmacy were also identified as barriers to clinic attendance and keeping appointments. Although pill burden was not mentioned, patients reported drug reactions as a barrier to adherence. Although there is good road network in the district, transport cost was still mentioned as a hindrance to treatment adherence. Treatment success was reported to be both a facilitator and a barrier to adherence. HIV-related stigma and discrimination among people need to be addressed to increase support to PLWHIV and encourage disclosure of HIV status. The improvement of the socio-economic status of ART patients needs to be addressed to reduce dependence on support from other people and provide money to make follow-up appointments. The health systems need to reduce clinic congestion and waiting times so that patients are not deterred from accessing ART.
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9

Chibwana, Atanazio Gabriel. "An assessment of the implementation of the national decentralisation policy in Zomba District Council in Malawi: (2009-2010)." Thesis, University of Fort Hare, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10353/542.

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This study was aimed at assessing the implementation status of the National Decentralisation Policy in Zomba District Council in Malawi given the current situation where the council is operating without ward councilors. It also undertook an exploration of factors affecting the implementation of the National Decentralisation Policy in Zomba District Council and made recommendations which can positively contribute to the effective implementation of the National Decentralisation Policy in Zomba District Council. Using both qualitative and quantitative research design, data for the study was collected using interviews, questionnaires and document analysis. The study found that the implementation of the National Decentralisation Policy in Zomba District Council during the period under study was unsatisfactory. The major challenges to the implementation of the National Decentralisation Policy in Zomba District Council were largely linked to the absence of councilors in the current council setup, violation of legal instruments governing the implementation of the National Decentralisation Policy by the incumbent leadership, lack of political will among the ruling elite to see full implementation of the National Decentralisation Policy, poor performance of structures operating in place of ward and council committees and inadequate finances at the disposal of Zomba District Council. The study concluded that Zomba District Council needed ward councilors to fully implement the National Decentralisation Policy. However the study also observed that it would be impossible to attain the objectives of the decentralization policy if there was no political will on the part of the incumbent leadership to see the National Decentralisation Policy implemented in full at Zomba District Council.
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10

Kawiya, Harry Henry. "Missed opportunities to address mental health of people living with HIV in Zomba, Malawi: a cross-sectional clinic survey." Master's thesis, Faculty of Health Sciences, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/32247.

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Background. Common mental disorders (CMDs), including depression and anxiety disorders, and risky alcohol use are highly prevalent among people living with HIV. Yet, many studies have found that most people who suffer from mental disorders do not receive treatment, especially in low-income countries. Given people living with HIV frequent health services, this represents a missed opportunity for identification and treatment that could improve physical and mental health outcomes. The aim of this study was to identify missed opportunities to address mental health of people living with HIV in Malawi. Four types of missed opportunities were operationalised for this study. The first two address missed opportunities for screening or identification For missed opportunity #1, a respondent had to screen positive for mental health problem (depression/anxiety or alcohol use ; and in any of their visits to the clinic in the past 12 months, the clinical officer or nurse did not ask about their mental health. Missed opportunity definition #2 was a more nuanced missed opportunity for identification of probable mental health problems. A respondent had to be undetected for mental health problems; and in any of his or her visits to the clinic in the past 12 months, the clinical officer or nurse did not ask about his or her mental health and s/he wanted to receive advice or treatment about his or her mental health problems. The second to definitions address missed opportunities for treatment. For missed opportunity definition #3, a respondent had to screen positive for mental health problem and if in any of his or her visits to the clinic in the past 12 months, and s/he did not receive advice or treatment. For missed opportunity definition #4, a more nuanced missed opportunity for the treatment of probable mental health problem: a respondent had to screen positive for a mental health problem; s/he wanted to receive advice or treatment about his or her mental health problems/alcohol use; and in any of their visits to the clinic in the past 12 months, s/he did not receive treatment for a mental disorder/risky alcohol use. Methods. A a random of participants receiving HIV care were approached while they were waiting for their consultation at three ART clinics namely: Tisungane, Matawale and Domasi. Those who consented to participants were interviewed in a private room. The Self-Reporting Questionnaire-20 (SRQ-20) and the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) were used to detect probable cases of CMDs and clients consuming alcohol at risky levels. Following v administration of the SRQ-20 and AUDIT, participants were asked if clinical officers (COs) or nurses inquired about their feelings (sad or worried) or alcohol consumption during their routine visits to ART clinics, thus eliciting data on identification by healthcare workers or identification of CMD symptoms. The participants were also asked whether advice or treatment was recommended and whether they would have liked to receive advice or treatment regarding their feelings or risky alcohol use. Descriptive statistics were utilized to calculate prevalence estimates of missed opportunities and multiple logistic regression models were used to determine the factors associated with missed opportunities for mental health service provision. Results. The study had 382 participants. The proportion of participants who screened at risk was 77 (20.2%) for probable CMDs and 16 (4.2%) for risky alcohol use. The proportion of participants who screened at risk for any mental health problem (depression, anxiety and risky alcohol use) was 87 (22.8%). Participants who were asked by clinical officers and nurses about CMD symptoms and alcohol use were 92 (24.1%) and 89 (23.3%) respectively. Of the entire sample, 351 (91.9%) participants wanted to receive advice or treatment and 26 (29.9%) received advice or treatment. Missed opportunities to address the mental health of people living with HIV were found to be as follows: definition #1, 40 participants (46.0%); definition #2, 35 participants (40.2%); definition #3, 87 participants (100%) and definition #4, 66 participants (75.9%). After adjusting for other variables in the model female gender was significantly associated with missed opportunity definition #1. After adjusting for other variables in the model female participants were more likely to meet criteria for missed opportunity definition #2 than male participants. Furthermore, older participants were less likely to meet criteria for missed opportunity definition #2 compared to younger participants. Participants who were employed were less likely to meet criteria for missed opportunity definition #2. In the same vein, participants who were spending less were less likely to meet criteria for missed opportunity definition #2. Given all participants met criteria, we were unable to develop logistic regression models. There were no significant associations for missed opportunity definition #4. Conclusion. Approximately one fifth of the sample recruited screened at risk for CMDs and most clients wanted to receive advice or treatment. Despite over 40% of the participants reporting being asked about CMD symptoms, PHC workers did not provide advice or treatments to 75.9% of clients. There is need to advocate for screening of mental health problems including alcohol use and treatment in all ART clinics in Malawi.
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Books on the topic "Zomba"

1

Nankumba, Ajiwa-Yaveh Charles. Nyanja-Yao relationships in southern Zomba, 1850-1933. [Zomba, Malawi]: University of Malawi, Chancellor College, History Dept., 1989.

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Dzama, Hendrix. Urban traditional marriages in Blantyre and Zomba: Process, practice and validity. Zomba, Malawi: Kachere Series, 2005.

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Weyers-Faraj, Hildegard. Evaluation of the performance of CBDs and CMMS in the districts of Zomba and Machinga formerly trained by DHS Machinga and Zomba/Malawi (May-August 2003). Liwonde, Malawi: German Technical Cooperation District Health Services Machinga and Zomba, 2003.

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Coombe, Carol. Planning ways to improve school quality in Zomba urban and rural districts. [Lilongwe?]: Malawi Germany Basic Education Project, 1994.

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Anthony, Alice Rose. Faith and charisma: The healing ministry of Mai Gwayi in the municipality of Zomba. Zomba, Malawi: Kachere Series, 2006.

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Chiwaula, Levison. Household consumption of complementary infants' foods in Malawi: The case of Zomba and Chiradzulu districts. Zomba, Malawi: Dept. of Economics, University of Malawi, Chancellor College, 2005.

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Farm-level economics of soil-conservation practices in the Zomba rural development project of Malawi. Addis Ababa: Organisation for Social Science Research in Eastern and Southern Africa, 2009.

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Association pour l'étude taxonomique de la flore d'Afrique tropicale. Réunion plenière. Proceedings of the XIIIth Plenary Meeting of AETFAT, Zomba, Malawi, 2-11 April 1991 =: Comptes rendus de la Treizième Réunion plenière de l'AETFAT, Zomba, Malawi, 2-11 avril 1991 : plants for the people. Zomba, Malawi: National Herbarium and Botanic Gardens of Malawi, 1994.

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Kapila, Mesheck. Proceedings of Water Hyacinth Workshop for Mthunzi wa Malawi: Chancellor College, Zomba, May 11th and 12th, 2000. Blantyre, Malawi: Community Partnerships for Sustainable Resource Management in Malawi, 2000.

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Workshop on Household Food Security and Nutrition (1988 Zomba, Malawi). Report of the Workshop on Household Food Security and Nutrition: Zomba, 28th August to 31st August, 1988. Zomba, Malawi: Centre for Social Research, University of Malawi, 1988.

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Book chapters on the topic "Zomba"

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Mwenelupembe, John, and Hans-Günter Mylius. "Geological Hazards and Anthropogenic Impacts on the Environment in Malawi: Lesson from a Case Study of Debris Flows in Zomba." In Advances in Global Change Research, 557–73. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/0-306-48201-0_24.

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Awali, Chipiliro, and Patrick Albert Chikumba. "Assessing Spatial Distribution of Maternal Health Related Resources in Health Facilities in Malawi: Case of Skilled Birth Attendants in Zomba District." In Lecture Notes of the Institute for Computer Sciences, Social Informatics and Telecommunications Engineering, 145–52. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-08368-1_17.

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Gill, Jerry H. "Zorba the Greek." In Kazantzakis’ Philosophical and Theological Thought, 7–13. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-93833-2_2.

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Gill, Jerry H. "Zorba the Greek." In Kazantzakis’ Philosophical and Theological Thought, 73–90. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-93833-2_9.

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Sastry, K. Subramanya, Bikash Mandal, John Hammond, S. W. Scott, and R. W. Briddon. "Vigna vexillata (Zombi pea)." In Encyclopedia of Plant Viruses and Viroids, 2734. New Delhi: Springer India, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-81-322-3912-3_1003.

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Michaud, Jean. "Zomia and beyond 1." In Routledge Handbook of Asian Borderlands, 73–88. New York : Routledge, 2018.: Routledge, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315688978-7.

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Holst-Warhaft, Gail. "Is Zorba More Greek than Greek Music?" In Made in Greece, 219–27. New York, NY : Routledge, 2018.: Routledge, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315749075-22.

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Helmold, Marc. "Negotiation Execution—Value Add and the ZomA." In Successful International Negotiations, 59–64. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-33483-3_5.

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Shay, Anthony. "Chapter 2 “Breaking Plates on the Plaka”: Zorba Dancing." In Ethno Identity Dance for Sex, Fun and Profit, 75–108. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-59318-4_3.

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May, Michael. "Das Projekt einer kritischen Theorie Sozialer Arbeit – ein Zombi?" In Theorien der Sozialpädagogik – ein Theorie-Dilemma?, 165–83. Wiesbaden: VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-531-91970-6_9.

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Conference papers on the topic "Zomba"

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Zechowska, Sylwia. "OF DEATH, SENSUALITY AND DESIRE: REVISITING N. KAZANTZAKIS� ZORBA THE GREEK." In 5th SGEM International Multidisciplinary Scientific Conferences on SOCIAL SCIENCES and ARTS SGEM2018. STEF92 Technology, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgemsocial2018h/61/s11.035.

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Vidal Meló, Anna, and Vicente D. Estruch Fuster. "El estudio de aplicaciones de los sistemas de ecuaciones diferenciales ordinarias a través de artículos científicos." In INNODOCT 2019. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica de València, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/inn2019.2019.10150.

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En el estudio de las Ecuaciones Diferenciales Ordinarias, y sistemas de estas, es importante la aplicación a casos reales a través de la modelización matemática. En la bibliografía existen muchas referencias a diversas aplicaciones clásicas: desintegración radiactiva, modelos de población depredador-presa, poblaciones de Lotka-Volterra o epidemias modelos SIR. En este trabajo mostramos cómo se ha ampliado el estudio de estas aplicaciones a través del manejo de artículos científicos disponibles en la red, en una asignatura optativa del Grado en Ingeniería de Sistemas de Telecomunicación, Sonido e Imagen en la EPSG, en una de sus unidades didácticas referida al estudio de las ecuaciones y sistemas de ecuaciones diferenciales. Nuestro alumnado ha trabajado con artículos científicos explorando otras aplicaciones o generalizaciones de las analizadas en clase: modelos matemáticos sobre las consecuencias de la vacunación, modelización y simulación del comportamiento epidemiológico de la gripe, una invasión zombi, modelado de la propagación de malware en redes de sensores inalámbricos, de ordenadores o en teléfonos móviles. Describiremos la metodología seguida, el trabajo realizado por el alumnado y su opinión.
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